EP2372296B1 - Wuchtgeschoss - Google Patents

Wuchtgeschoss Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2372296B1
EP2372296B1 EP20110290134 EP11290134A EP2372296B1 EP 2372296 B1 EP2372296 B1 EP 2372296B1 EP 20110290134 EP20110290134 EP 20110290134 EP 11290134 A EP11290134 A EP 11290134A EP 2372296 B1 EP2372296 B1 EP 2372296B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
kinetic energy
tungsten
nose cone
energy penetrator
elongation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20110290134
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2372296A1 (de
Inventor
Nicolas Eches
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nexter Munitions SA
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Nexter Munitions SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nexter Munitions SA filed Critical Nexter Munitions SA
Publication of EP2372296A1 publication Critical patent/EP2372296A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2372296B1 publication Critical patent/EP2372296B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/06—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with hard or heavy core; Kinetic energy penetrators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/08—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with armour-piercing caps; with armoured cupola
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/201—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class
    • F42B12/204—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class for attacking structures, e.g. specific buildings or fortifications, ships or vehicles

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of kinetic energy penetrators intended to be dispersed by a carrier such as a missile to destroy targets concreted and scraped.
  • Cruise missiles are known that are capable of destroying large concrete thicknesses (close to the meter). However, these missiles have a large mass (greater than 500 kg or even close to 1000 kg) and very expensive to implement. They are not adapted to more modest concrete targets, having a thickness of the order of a few tens of centimeters.
  • Lighter guided munitions (mass in the range of 20 to 50 kg), such as air-to-ground or ground-to-ground missiles, should be provided with the ability to perforate concrete targets. However, it is then necessary to reduce the weight of the perforator to less than 10 kilograms which greatly affects its effectiveness and also the speed imparted by the missile to this puncher remains moderate (less than 300 meters per second).
  • the patent EP965028 proposes to have a tungsten alloy ballast inside a steel casing. This solution effectively increases the mass to diameter ratio of the indenter which is favorable to perforation.
  • This penetrator is however designed to be of large diameter and mass (piercing bomb body, diameter of the order of 90mm). Although it has a small tungsten piercing tip (40mm) at its front, the mechanical characteristics of the body surrounding this tungsten tip are not sufficient to participate effectively in the perforation.
  • the object of the invention is to propose an indenter for overcoming such disadvantages.
  • the indenter according to the invention has significant perforating capacities despite a moderate speed and reduced dimensions. This penetrator is however able to generate splinters after crossing the target.
  • the subject of the invention is a kinetic energy indenter comprising a piercing body enclosing an explosive charge that can be initiated by a priming means, an indenter characterized in that the substantially cylindrical body enclosing the explosive material is extended by a shaped warhead. integrally made of tungsten-based material with high mechanical properties.
  • the thickness of the body increases gradually and continuously at its connection with the warhead.
  • the cylindrical body can be made in one piece with the ogive.
  • the warhead may carry an axial bore in which will be housed a tip made of tungsten-based material having a practical resistance at 0.2% elongation (R P0,2 ) greater than or equal to 1500 Mega Pascals and an elongation greater than 8%.
  • the body is a tubular element which is closed at its front by the ogive.
  • the body can be made of steel.
  • the body may be made of a tungsten-based material having mechanical characteristics lower than those of the material of the warhead.
  • the warhead will be made of a tungsten-based material having a practical resistance at 0.2% elongation (R P0.2 ) greater than or equal to 1500 Mega-pascals and an elongation greater than 8%.
  • the material of the body will be able to bring embrittlement favoring the fragmentation.
  • the indenter may have a length less than or equal to 500 mm and a diameter less than or equal to 100 mm.
  • a kinetic energy indenter 1 comprises a piercing body 2 which delimits an internal cavity 2a enclosing an explosive charge 3 that can be initiated by a priming means 4 (or rocket).
  • the rocket 4 will for example be designed to ensure the initiation of the explosive charge 3 after a certain delay after the impact on a target. It is then certain to initiate the explosive charge 3 once the target crossed.
  • the body 2 is substantially cylindrical and is extended by an ogive 5 made entirely of a material based on tungsten and with high mechanical characteristics.
  • the cylindrical body 2 is made in one piece with the ogive 5.
  • tungsten density greater than or equal to 17
  • high mechanical characteristics a material whose Practical resistance at 0.2% elongation (R P0.2 ) is greater than or equal to 1000 Mega-Pascals.
  • R P0.2 Practical resistance at 0.2% elongation
  • These tungsten alloys are those commonly used to make barrel ammunition arrows fired by tank cannons.
  • the patent FR2622209 describes an example of such a material.
  • the body 2 ogivé will be obtained for example by sintering.
  • the thickness E of the body 2 is also chosen to be sufficiently small for the explosive carry 3 to be maximum and that the effectiveness of the chips is ensured during the initiation of the loading 3.
  • a tungsten body with high mechanical characteristics can be achieved a wall of the body 2 having a thickness E of the order of 3 to 5 millimeters.
  • embrittlement promoting fragmentation can be provided on the outside of the body 2 embrittlement promoting fragmentation.
  • embrittlement 6 formed by a network of lines 6a, 6b delimiting the desired chips.
  • This embrittlement can be performed by laser, electron bombardment or machining.
  • the ogive 5 connects continuously with the cylindrical body 2. There is no discontinuity in the profile la external connection. Furthermore, it is also noted that the explosive material 3 comprises a front portion 3a, of length A and gradually decreasing diameter, the front portion which penetrates at the rear of the ogive 5.
  • the thickness E of the body 2 grows gradually and continuously over the entire length A. This results in improved mechanical strength during the impact of the body 2 on a target.
  • the warhead 5 does not separate from the body 2 despite the fact that the thickness E of the latter is minimized to ensure the formation of the desired chips.
  • the solid portion of the warhead 5 extends over a length B.
  • a body 2 will be defined so that the solid length B is between 20% and 35% of the total length L of the body 2. This ensures a length LA of the fragment generating portion to obtain a satisfactory amount of splinters.
  • the alloys of tungsten have a density substantially double that of steel.
  • the volume of material of the body itself can thus be halved for a comparable mass of penetrator, which allows a higher explosive carry and gives a large body length with efficient fragmentation (length L-A-B).
  • the length L-A-B can thus represent nearly 70% of the total length L.
  • a penetrator of the same mass having a steel body and of which only the warhead 5 is made of tungsten alloy will have a useful fragmentable length which will not exceed 40% of the total length.
  • tungsten makes it possible to obtain splinters which, for a given mass, are half the size of steel splinters. This results in a reduction in the aerodynamic drag of the bursts, thus increasing their speed of impact at great distances.
  • the perforation capabilities of the chips are also increased because of their higher density. Splinters are therefore much more effective, especially at a great distance.
  • the dimensions of tungsten chips being smaller, there will be more fragments on the same length of indenter.
  • the figure 2 shows a second embodiment which differs from the previous one in that the body 2 is a tubular element which is closed at its front by the ogive 5.
  • a securing means such as a thread or radial pins (not shown).
  • the nose 5 has a rear portion 5a thinned which is positioned on a cylindrical surface 2b of the front of the cylindrical body 2.
  • the body 2 also abuts against a shoulder 5b of the nose 5, while the rear of the warhead is in abutment against a countersink 2c of the body 2.
  • the explosive material 3 comprises a front portion 3a, of length A and gradually decreasing diameter, which penetrates at the rear of the ogive 5.
  • the thickness E of the body 2 carrying the warhead 5 grows gradually and continuously over the entire length A. This again results in improved mechanical strength during the impact of the body 2 on a target.
  • the body 2 will also be made of a material based on tungsten. However, the material of the body 2 may be given mechanical characteristics inferior to those of the material of the warhead 5.
  • a perforating ogive made of a tungsten-based material having a practical resistance at 0.2% elongation (R P0.2 ) greater than or equal to 1500 mega-pascals and an elongation greater than 8%. and a body 2 made of a tungsten-based material having a practical 0.2% strength between 700 and 900 mega-pascals and an elongation greater than 20%.
  • the material of the ogive 5 is a material used in the kinetic perforators (ammunition arrow for tank). Such a material is described for example by the patent EP313484 . Such mechanical characteristics are obtained generally by the implementation, after the sintering steps, of a wrought (or hardening), the patent EP313484 describes in detail such a manufacturing method.
  • the material of the body 2 is a sintered and uncorrealed tungsten alloy.
  • the patent EP349446 describes in its preamble a process for obtaining such a material.
  • Such an embodiment makes it possible to optimize the material of the body 2 for the formation of fragments while the material of the ogive 5 is optimized for perforation.
  • the external surface of the body 2 can carry embrittlement 6.
  • the figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment in which the body 2 comprises as in the mode according to the figure 1 a warhead before 5 made of the same material as that of the body 2.
  • the nose 5 comprises an axial bore 8 in which is placed a front tip 7 fixed by threading or gluing.
  • the front part of the ogive 5 bears against a shoulder 7a of the tip 7.
  • This tip is made of an alloy with high mechanical characteristics having a practical resistance to 0.2% elongation (R P0,2 ) greater than or equal to 1,500 mega-pascals and an elongation greater than 8%.
  • the remainder of the body 2 is made of an alloy optimized for fragmentation (R P0.2 between 700 and 900 mega-pascals and elongation greater than 20%).
  • the tip extends axially to the explosive charge 3.
  • the thickness E of the body 2 increases regularly over the entire length A of the front portion 3a of the explosive charge 3.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Wuchtgeschoss (1) umfassend einen panzerbrechenden Körper (2), welcher eine Explosivladung (3) einschließt, welche durch ein Zündmittel (4) initiiert werden kann, wobei das Geschoss dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass der im Wesentlichen zylindrische Körper (2), der das explosive Material einschließt, durch eine Geschossspitze (5) verlängert ist, die integral aus einem auf Wolfram basierenden Material mit hohen mechanischen Kenndaten hergestellt ist, wobei der Körper (2) ein rohrförmiges Element ist, welches an seinem vorderen Ende durch die Geschossspitze (5) geschlossen ist.
  2. Wuchtgeschoss nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dicke des Körpers (2) im Bereich seiner Fügestelle mit der Geschossspitze (5) allmählich in kontinuierlicher Weise zunimmt.
  3. Wuchtgeschoss nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zylindrische Körper (2) mit der Geschossspitze (5) aus einem einzigen Stück hergestellt ist.
  4. Wuchtgeschoss nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Geschossspitze (5) eine axiale Bohrung (8) trägt, in welcher eine Spitze (7) ruht, die aus einem auf Wolfram basierenden Material hergestellt ist, welches eine zweckmäßige 0,2-%-Dehngrenze (RP0,2) aufweist, die größer oder gleich 1500 Megapascal ist, und eine Dehnung von größer als 8% besitzt.
  5. Wuchtgeschoss nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Körper (2) aus Stahl hergestellt ist.
  6. Wuchtgeschoss nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Körper (2) aus einem auf Wolfram basierenden Material hergestellt ist, welches mechanische Kenndaten besitzt, die kleiner als die des Materials der Geschossspitze (5) sind.
  7. Wuchtgeschoss nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Geschossspitze (5) aus einem auf Wolfram basierenden Material hergestellt ist, welches eine zweckmäßige 0,2-%-Dehngrenze (RP0,2) aufweist, die größer oder gleich 1500 Megapascal ist, und eine Dehnung von größer als 8% besitzt.
  8. Wuchtgeschoss nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material des Körpers (2) eine Versprödung (6) trägt, welche die Fragmentierung begünstigt.
  9. Wuchtgeschoss nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Geschoss (1) eine Länge von kleiner oder gleich 500 mm und einen Durchmesser von kleiner oder gleich 1000 mm besitzt.
EP20110290134 2010-03-30 2011-03-16 Wuchtgeschoss Active EP2372296B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1001301A FR2958391B1 (fr) 2010-03-30 2010-03-30 Penetrateur a energie cinetique.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2372296A1 EP2372296A1 (de) 2011-10-05
EP2372296B1 true EP2372296B1 (de) 2013-05-29

Family

ID=43032040

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20110290134 Active EP2372296B1 (de) 2010-03-30 2011-03-16 Wuchtgeschoss

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Country Link
EP (1) EP2372296B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2425929T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2958391B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8985026B2 (en) * 2011-11-22 2015-03-24 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Penetrator round assembly
FR2987891B1 (fr) * 2012-03-06 2014-09-26 Nexter Munitions Projectile sous calibre a structure de tete amenagee
CN113188381B (zh) * 2021-04-02 2022-08-19 西安近代化学研究所 一种通过增加气泡体积提高浮动能力的机械融合装置

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4573412A (en) * 1984-04-27 1986-03-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Plug nozzle kinetic energy penetrator rocket
FR2622209B1 (fr) 1987-10-23 1990-01-26 Cime Bocuze Alliages lourds de tungstene-nickel-fer a tres hautes caracteristiques mecaniques et procede de fabrication desdits alliages
DE3802002A1 (de) * 1988-01-25 1989-08-10 Kaltmann Hans Joachim Zuender- und sprengstoffloses geschoss fuer rohrwaffen
FR2633205B1 (fr) 1988-06-22 1992-04-30 Cime Bocuze Procede de mise en forme directe et d'optimisation des caracteristiques mecaniques de projectiles perforants en alliage de tungstene a haute densite
US5939662A (en) 1997-12-03 1999-08-17 Raytheon Company Missile warhead design
TR200002553T2 (tr) * 1997-12-11 2000-11-21 Lockheed-Martin Corporation Kılıflı hava bombası.
US6276277B1 (en) * 1999-04-22 2001-08-21 Lockheed Martin Corporation Rocket-boosted guided hard target penetrator
FR2860579B1 (fr) 2003-10-03 2007-10-05 Giat Ind Sa Munition perforante
US8171851B2 (en) * 2009-04-01 2012-05-08 Kennametal Inc. Kinetic energy penetrator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2958391B1 (fr) 2012-07-27
ES2425929T3 (es) 2013-10-18
FR2958391A1 (fr) 2011-10-07
EP2372296A1 (de) 2011-10-05

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