EP2365206A1 - A nozzle for a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, and method of manufacturing a nozzle - Google Patents

A nozzle for a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, and method of manufacturing a nozzle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2365206A1
EP2365206A1 EP10155571A EP10155571A EP2365206A1 EP 2365206 A1 EP2365206 A1 EP 2365206A1 EP 10155571 A EP10155571 A EP 10155571A EP 10155571 A EP10155571 A EP 10155571A EP 2365206 A1 EP2365206 A1 EP 2365206A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
longitudinal bore
resistant material
wear resistant
corrosion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10155571A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2365206B1 (en
Inventor
Turhan Yildirim
Nico Kuin
Pierpaolo Miotti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wartsila Switzerland Ltd
Original Assignee
Wartsila Switzerland Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wartsila Switzerland Ltd filed Critical Wartsila Switzerland Ltd
Priority to EP10155571.2A priority Critical patent/EP2365206B1/en
Priority to DK10155571T priority patent/DK2365206T3/en
Priority to KR1020110016594A priority patent/KR20110101056A/en
Priority to JP2011041848A priority patent/JP5798762B2/en
Priority to CN201110052050.0A priority patent/CN102192063B/en
Publication of EP2365206A1 publication Critical patent/EP2365206A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2365206B1 publication Critical patent/EP2365206B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/182—Discharge orifices being situated in different transversal planes with respect to valve member direction of movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1893—Details of valve member ends not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to fuel injectors for internal combustion engines.
  • the invention relates in particular to a fuel injector for large four- or two-stroke internal combustion engines with or without crosshead, such as diesel engines for marine propulsion or stationary engines to supply power.
  • the present invention relates to a nozzle for a fuel injector and to a method for manufacturing such nozzle.
  • EP-A-1549449 discloses a method of manufacturing a nozzle tip wherein in a mould a corrosion-resistant first alloy is arranged in an outer area which is to constitute the outer surface of a nozzle around the nozzle bores. A second alloy is used in another area of the nozzle. The materials in the mould are treated by isostatic pressing into a consolidated material. The boundary area between the two alloys should be free of cracks.
  • EP-A-1549449 A problem of the solution disclosed in EP-A-1549449 is that it is expensive. Additionally, the inner or outer part needs a minimum thickness of one ore more millimetres and there is a risk of lack of fusion between materials.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved nozzle and a method of manufacturing such nozzle which will overcome the above problems.
  • this object is achieved by a nozzle having the features of claim 1 and by a method of manufacturing a nozzle having the features of claim 5.
  • a nozzle for a fuel injector for internal combustion engines is indicated 10.
  • the nozzle 10 has a body 12 of corrosion-resistant material.
  • the body 12 has no coating on its outer surface.
  • corrosion resistant materials examples include: Stellite 6, Haynes 188, Stellite 4, Inconel MA 758, Haynes 230, Nicofer 6125GT, Alloy 6052, Nimonic 81, Inconel 671, Haynes 160.
  • the body 12 has a longitudinal bore 14 closed at its bottom end and having a cylindrical guide surface 16.
  • the longitudinal bore is designed for receiving an axially slidable valve element (not shown) having a cut-off portion in contact with the cylindrical guide surface 16.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

A nozzle (10) for a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, having a body (12) of corrosion-resistant material with a longitudinal bore (14) closed at its bottom end and having a cylindrical guide surface (16), wherein a plurality of nozzle bores (18) is formed in a lateral wall of the body, and wherein said cylindrical guide surface (16) is formed on either:
a wear resistant layer (20) formed on an inner surface (22) of the body (12) of corrosion resistant material, or
a tubular sleeve (24) of wear resistant material inserted into said longitudinal bore (14).

Description

    Background of the invention
  • The present invention relates to fuel injectors for internal combustion engines. The invention relates in particular to a fuel injector for large four- or two-stroke internal combustion engines with or without crosshead, such as diesel engines for marine propulsion or stationary engines to supply power.
  • More specifically, the present invention relates to a nozzle for a fuel injector and to a method for manufacturing such nozzle.
    • Description of the prior art
  • In order to reduce the HC content in exhaust gas, to reduce the smoke, to reduce the unburned fuel deposita at the exhaust valve and at the piston, and to keep clean the combustion chamber it is important to reduce the sac volume in the nozzle tip. One of the ways is to close the injection holes directly in the nozzle tip.
  • One of the possible and promising designs is a solution with slide valve to open and close the injection holes, as disclosed for instance in EP-A-052937 and WO2008/071187 . These documents disclose a fuel injector comprising an axially displaceable spindle having a valve portion which cooperates with a corresponding valve seat of the valve guide and a cut-off element extending below the valve portion of the valve spindle into a central bore of the atomizer. The outer wall of the cut-off element is effective to open and close inlet openings of the nozzle bores.
  • With a design of this type it would be desirable to have a nozzle tip with a hardened sliding surface in the inner part and a hot corrosion resistant part in the outer part.
  • EP-A-1549449 discloses a method of manufacturing a nozzle tip wherein in a mould a corrosion-resistant first alloy is arranged in an outer area which is to constitute the outer surface of a nozzle around the nozzle bores. A second alloy is used in another area of the nozzle. The materials in the mould are treated by isostatic pressing into a consolidated material. The boundary area between the two alloys should be free of cracks.
  • A problem of the solution disclosed in EP-A-1549449 is that it is expensive. Additionally, the inner or outer part needs a minimum thickness of one ore more millimetres and there is a risk of lack of fusion between materials.
    • Summary of the invention
  • The object of the present invention is to provide an improved nozzle and a method of manufacturing such nozzle which will overcome the above problems.
  • In accordance with the present invention, this object is achieved by a nozzle having the features of claim 1 and by a method of manufacturing a nozzle having the features of claim 5.
    • Brief description of the drawings
  • Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become clear in the course of the detailed description which follows, given purely by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the annexed drawings, wherein:
    • figure 1 is an axial cross-section of a nozzle according to the present invention,
    • figure 2 is an enlarged view of the part indicated by the arrow II in figure 1
    • figure 3 is an axial cross-section of a nozzle according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and
    • figure 4 is a schematic axial cross-section showing a variant of the embodiment of figure 3.
    Description of the preferred embodiments
  • Referring to figure 1, a nozzle for a fuel injector for internal combustion engines is indicated 10. The nozzle 10 has a body 12 of corrosion-resistant material. The body 12 has no coating on its outer surface.
  • A material can be defined as corrosion resistant, in the application in combustion chambers of large diesel engines, especially diesel engines which burn heavy fuel oils (without coatings on the outer surface), if the chromium content is grater than 20% (mass per cent).
  • Examples of corrosion resistant materials for this application include: Stellite 6, Haynes 188, Stellite 4, Inconel MA 758, Haynes 230, Nicofer 6125GT, Alloy 6052, Nimonic 81, Inconel 671, Haynes 160.
  • The body 12 has a longitudinal bore 14 closed at its bottom end and having a cylindrical guide surface 16. The longitudinal bore is designed for receiving an axially slidable valve element (not shown) having a cut-off portion in contact with the cylindrical guide surface 16.
  • A plurality of nozzle bores 18 is formed in a lateral wall of the body. The nozzle bores 18 have respective inner openings facing into the longitudinal bore 14 and outlet openings open on an outer surface of the body 12.
  • As shown in greater detail in figure 2, the cylindrical guide surface 16 is formed on a wear resistant layer 20 formed on an inner surface 22 of the body 12 of corrosion resistant material.
  • In this application the definition "wear resistant" means that the layer 20 has a hardness greater than 40 HRC and preferably greater than 52 HRC and a thickness greater than 0.001 mm. The wear resistant layer should have the minimum hardness of 52 HRC through the whole minimum thickness of 0.001 mm.
  • The wear resistant layer 20 can be formed in different ways, including:
    • carbonising (e.g. kolsterising),
    • inductive hardening of the wall bore,
    • coating by deposition (hard chroming, DLC, WC, laser cladding, etc.),
    • plasma nitriding, and
    • salt nitriding.
  • In the case of coating, a particularly effective method consists in forming at least one of the nozzle bores 18 before the coating step and to circulate the coating material through the longitudinal bore 14 and through the nozzle bore 18. Afterwards, the bores 18 will be increased by machining, ECM, EDM etc. to the final dimension. The circulation allows the coating material to reach the bottom part of the longitudinal bore.
  • Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of a nozzle according to the present invention. The elements corresponding to those previously described are indicated by the same reference numbers.
  • In the embodiment of figure 3 the cylindrical guide surface 16 is formed by an inner surface of a tubular sleeve 24 of wear resistant material. The sleeve 24 is inserted into the longitudinal bore 14 of the body 12 of corrosion resistant material.
  • The sleeve 24 can be pressed in or shrink fitted into the longitudinal bore 14. Alternatively, the sleeve can be floating with respect to the longitudinal bore 14. The nozzle bores 18 extend through the lateral wall of the sleeve 24.
  • Figure 3 also shows an axially movable valve element 26 which slidably engages the guide surface 16 of the tubular sleeve 24.
  • Figure 4 shows a variant of the embodiment of figure 3, wherein a tubular sleeve 28 of heat conducting material is fitted between the open end of the longitudinal bore 14 and a top front surface of the tubular sleeve 24. The sleeve 28 is made of a material which has a better coefficient of thermal conductivity than the sleeve 24 of wear resistant material and is effective for transporting heat away from the lower part of the nozzle 10.

Claims (10)

  1. A nozzle (10) for a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, having a body (12) of corrosion-resistant material with a longitudinal bore (14) closed at its bottom end and having a cylindrical guide surface (16), wherein a plurality of nozzle bores (18) is formed in a lateral wall of the body (12), the nozzle bores (18) having respective inner openings facing into the longitudinal bore (14) and outlet openings open on an outer surface of the body (12), characterised in that said cylindrical guide surface (16) is formed on either:
    a wear resistant layer (20) formed on an inner surface (22) of the body (12) of corrosion resistant material, or
    a tubular sleeve (24) of wear resistant material inserted into said longitudinal bore (14).
  2. A nozzle according to claim 1, characterised in that said corrosion-resistant material has a chromium content greater than 20% in mass.
  3. A nozzle according to claim 1, characterised in that said wear resistant layer (20) has a hardness greater than 52 HRC and a thickness greater than 0.001 mm.
  4. A nozzle according to claim 1, characterised in that the wear resistant layer (20) is formed by a method chosen among:
    - carbonising,
    - inductive hardening,
    - coating by deposition,
    - plasma nitriding, and
    - salt nitriding.
  5. A nozzle according to claim 1, characterised in that the tubular sleeve (24) of wear resistant material is pressed in, shrink fitted or floating with respect to the longitudinal bore (14).
  6. A nozzle according to claim 1, characterised in that a second sleeve (28) of heat conductive material is fitted into said longitudinal bore (14) between an open end of the longitudinal bore (14) and an upper front surface of the tubular sleeve (24) of wear resistant material.
  7. A method of manufacturing a nozzle (10) for a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, comprising: forming a body (12) of corrosion-resistant material with a longitudinal bore (14) closed at its bottom end and having a cylindrical guide surface (16), forming a plurality of nozzle bores (18) in a lateral wall of the body, the nozzle bores (18) having respective inner openings facing into the longitudinal bore (14) and outlet openings open on an outer surface of the body (12), characterised in that said cylindrical guide surface (16) is formed on either:
    a wear resistant layer (20) formed on an inner surface (22) of the body (12) of corrosion resistant material, or
    a tubular sleeve (24) inserted into said longitudinal bore (14).
  8. A method according to claim 7, characterised in that wear resistant layer (20) is formed by a method chosen among:
    - carbonising,
    - inductive hardening,
    - coating by deposition,
    - plasma nitriding, and
    - salt nitriding.
  9. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that said coating by deposition is obtained by circulating a coating material through said longitudinal bore (14) and through said nozzle bores (18).
  10. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that said tubular sleeve (24) of wear resistant material is pressed in, shrink fitted or floating with respect to the longitudinal bore (14).
EP10155571.2A 2010-03-05 2010-03-05 A nozzle for a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, and method of manufacturing a nozzle Not-in-force EP2365206B1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10155571.2A EP2365206B1 (en) 2010-03-05 2010-03-05 A nozzle for a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, and method of manufacturing a nozzle
DK10155571T DK2365206T3 (en) 2010-03-05 2010-03-05 Nozzle for a fuel injection device for internal combustion engines and method for making a nozzle
KR1020110016594A KR20110101056A (en) 2010-03-05 2011-02-24 A nozzle for a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, and method of manufacturing a nozzle
JP2011041848A JP5798762B2 (en) 2010-03-05 2011-02-28 NOZZLE FOR FUEL INJECTOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING NOZZLE
CN201110052050.0A CN102192063B (en) 2010-03-05 2011-03-04 The method of atomizer and manufacture atomizer for fuel injector for internal combustion engines

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10155571.2A EP2365206B1 (en) 2010-03-05 2010-03-05 A nozzle for a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, and method of manufacturing a nozzle

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2365206A1 true EP2365206A1 (en) 2011-09-14
EP2365206B1 EP2365206B1 (en) 2014-04-30

Family

ID=42732225

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10155571.2A Not-in-force EP2365206B1 (en) 2010-03-05 2010-03-05 A nozzle for a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, and method of manufacturing a nozzle

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2365206B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5798762B2 (en)
KR (1) KR20110101056A (en)
CN (1) CN102192063B (en)
DK (1) DK2365206T3 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016173601A1 (en) * 2015-04-29 2016-11-03 Hans Jensen Lubricators A/S Lubricant injector for large slow-running two-stroke engine and production method
WO2020181347A1 (en) * 2019-03-11 2020-09-17 Fmc Technologies Do Brasil Ltda Composite material with coated diffused layer
WO2023073140A1 (en) * 2021-10-29 2023-05-04 Ganser Crs Ag Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2563928B (en) * 2017-06-30 2019-11-13 Ricardo Uk Ltd Injector
KR101873696B1 (en) * 2017-11-01 2018-07-02 이수철 Fuel gas injection nozzle of engine using different material
KR20200045596A (en) 2018-10-22 2020-05-06 (주)팀솔루션 Robot loading arm system for filling fuel

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0052937A1 (en) 1980-11-20 1982-06-02 B & W DIESEL A/S A fuel injector for internal combustion engines
EP0246373A1 (en) * 1986-05-22 1987-11-25 Osamu Matsumura Fuel injection apparatus
WO1993007386A1 (en) * 1991-10-04 1993-04-15 Man B&W Diesel A/S A fuel injector for internal combustion engines
WO2003006821A1 (en) * 2001-07-10 2003-01-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines
DE10318135A1 (en) * 2002-04-23 2003-11-06 Denso Corp Fuel injector for an internal combustion engine comprises a nozzle body having injection holes for the fuel injection and a needle for pushing into the nozzle body for opening and closing the injection holes
EP1549449A1 (en) 2002-10-07 2005-07-06 MAN B & W Diesel A/S Method of manufacturing a nozzle for a fuel valve in a diesel engine, and a nozzle
WO2008071187A1 (en) 2006-12-15 2008-06-19 Man Diesel A/S A fuel injector for an internal combustion engine

Family Cites Families (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK0569655T3 (en) * 1992-05-11 1996-02-19 New Sulzer Diesel Ag Nozzle head for a fuel injection device
JPH08144896A (en) * 1994-11-25 1996-06-04 Zexel Corp Variable nozzle hole type fuel injection nozzle
EP0967382B1 (en) * 1998-06-24 2004-11-24 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Fuel injector
JP2001221123A (en) * 2000-02-07 2001-08-17 Nissan Diesel Motor Co Ltd Strut for cooling fuel injection nozzle
JP4607383B2 (en) * 2001-07-30 2011-01-05 いすゞ自動車株式会社 Manufacturing method of fuel injection injector and manufacturing method of fuel injection pump
JP2003097392A (en) * 2001-09-20 2003-04-03 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Injector arrangement structure of fuel injection engine
DK200201498A (en) * 2002-10-07 2004-04-08 Man B & W Diesel As An atomizer for a fuel valve in a diesel engine, and a method for producing an atomizer
JP2008291738A (en) * 2007-05-24 2008-12-04 Denso Corp Fuel injection valve
JP4866336B2 (en) * 2007-11-28 2012-02-01 株式会社ケーヒン Electromagnetic fuel injection valve
JP2009236095A (en) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-15 Denso Corp Fuel injection device

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0052937A1 (en) 1980-11-20 1982-06-02 B & W DIESEL A/S A fuel injector for internal combustion engines
EP0246373A1 (en) * 1986-05-22 1987-11-25 Osamu Matsumura Fuel injection apparatus
WO1993007386A1 (en) * 1991-10-04 1993-04-15 Man B&W Diesel A/S A fuel injector for internal combustion engines
WO2003006821A1 (en) * 2001-07-10 2003-01-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines
DE10318135A1 (en) * 2002-04-23 2003-11-06 Denso Corp Fuel injector for an internal combustion engine comprises a nozzle body having injection holes for the fuel injection and a needle for pushing into the nozzle body for opening and closing the injection holes
EP1549449A1 (en) 2002-10-07 2005-07-06 MAN B & W Diesel A/S Method of manufacturing a nozzle for a fuel valve in a diesel engine, and a nozzle
WO2008071187A1 (en) 2006-12-15 2008-06-19 Man Diesel A/S A fuel injector for an internal combustion engine

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016173601A1 (en) * 2015-04-29 2016-11-03 Hans Jensen Lubricators A/S Lubricant injector for large slow-running two-stroke engine and production method
WO2020181347A1 (en) * 2019-03-11 2020-09-17 Fmc Technologies Do Brasil Ltda Composite material with coated diffused layer
WO2023073140A1 (en) * 2021-10-29 2023-05-04 Ganser Crs Ag Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP5798762B2 (en) 2015-10-21
CN102192063B (en) 2017-06-27
KR20110101056A (en) 2011-09-15
CN102192063A (en) 2011-09-21
JP2011185266A (en) 2011-09-22
DK2365206T3 (en) 2014-05-19
EP2365206B1 (en) 2014-04-30

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