EP2359215A1 - Field device for determining and/or monitoring a physical or chemical process parameter - Google Patents
Field device for determining and/or monitoring a physical or chemical process parameterInfo
- Publication number
- EP2359215A1 EP2359215A1 EP09756490A EP09756490A EP2359215A1 EP 2359215 A1 EP2359215 A1 EP 2359215A1 EP 09756490 A EP09756490 A EP 09756490A EP 09756490 A EP09756490 A EP 09756490A EP 2359215 A1 EP2359215 A1 EP 2359215A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- supply unit
- voltage
- field device
- microcontroller
- potential
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004801 process automation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
- G06F1/30—Means for acting in the event of power-supply failure or interruption, e.g. power-supply fluctuations
- G06F1/305—Means for acting in the event of power-supply failure or interruption, e.g. power-supply fluctuations in the event of power-supply fluctuations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
- G06F1/30—Means for acting in the event of power-supply failure or interruption, e.g. power-supply fluctuations
Definitions
- Feid device for the determination and / or monitoring of a physical or chemical process variable
- the invention relates to a field device for determining and / or monitoring a physical or chemical process variable in the automation technology with at least one micro-controller and with a supply unit of limited capacity as the primary supply voltage for the micro-controller.
- the limited capacity supply unit is a battery, a fuel cell or a rechargeable battery.
- Field devices that are used to detect and / or influence process variables are widely used in process automation technology as well as in factory automation technology.
- Process variables are used for measuring devices, each of which has at least one sensor and one transmitter.
- the measuring devices are level measuring devices, flowmeters, pressure and temperature measuring devices, pH redox potential measuring devices, conductivity measuring devices, etc., which record the corresponding process variables level, flow, pressure, temperature, pH or conductivity.
- actuators such as valves or pumps, through which the flow of a liquid in a pipe section or the level can be changed in a container.
- field devices are all devices that are used close to the process and that supply or process process-relevant information.
- field devices are generally also those units which are connected directly to a Feidbus and serve to communicate with the higher-level units, such as remote I / Os, gateways, linking Devices and Wireless Adapters.
- remote I / Os such as remote I / Os, gateways, linking Devices and Wireless Adapters.
- a large number of such field devices are manufactured and distributed by the Endress + Hauser Group.
- feeder devices are typically via feid-bus systems, such as, e.g. (Profibus®, Foundation Fieldbus®, HART®, etc. are connected to higher-level units.
- the higher-level units are systems of units or control units, such as a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) or a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller)
- PLC Programmable Logic Controller
- higher-level units are used for process control, process visualization, process monitoring and commissioning of field devices
- the measured values acquired by the field devices, in particular sensors are transmitted via the connected bus system to one or possibly several higher-level units a data transmission from the higher-level unit via the bus system to the
- the field device is operated via the bus system from the higher-level unit.
- field devices are designed, for example, as radio field devices. These usually have a radio unit and a supply unit as integral
- the radio unit and thebeingsseinhereli can be provided in the field device itself or in a permanently connected to the field device radio module.
- the supply unit enables a self-sufficient power supply of the field device.
- field devices without radio units - that is, the base installed today in the field - are upgraded to a radio Fefd réelle by the Ankoppiung a wireless adapter that has a radio unit.
- microcontroller / CPUs use Schmitt-Trigger stages at their signal inputs. If a corresponding signal input is used, minor fluctuations that may occur. resulting from the scaling of the supply voltage by means of voltage dividers, only inaccurately measured. In addition, there are usually Toieranzen at the Schmitt trigger switching levels. More accurate and therefore more reliable is the early detection of a failure of the supply voltage by means of a comparator input; however, this solution is unfavorable in terms of energy consumption.
- the invention has for its object to detect the failure of the primary supply voltage energy saving, safe and insensitive to interference.
- a detection circuit which signals to the microcontroller a failure of the supply unit so early in the course of a detection signal that sufficient time is available to take suitable precautionary measures to prevent a loss of data Detection signal for a
- Voltage drop of the supply voltage of the detection circuit via a circuit part to an at least approximately constant value is adjustable and the detection circuit is formed so that a required for the generation of a detection signal reference voltage has a nearly constant distance to the supply voltage and over a predetermined period of the Provision supply unit provided supply voltage adapts, and that in the case of falling below this predetermined reference voltage, a detection signal is output to the microcontroller.
- the reference voltage is adjustable and is at a constant distance from the supply voltage which is supplied by a supply unit with a limited capacity.
- the supply voltage is a battery voltage.
- the switching threshold of the detection circuit corresponding to the reference voltage runs with the battery voltage. Therefore, the response of the detection circuit is largely independent of the state of the battery or the supply unit.
- the distance between the "guf" and “bad” (fail) signal levels, ie the difference between the supply voltage and the reference voltage, is adjustable and constant during normal operation.
- the detection circuit according to the invention has hitherto been described in connection with a field device, it can generally be used in conjunction with any devices which are supplied by a supply unit with a limited capacity.
- An advantageous embodiment of the field device proposes a voltage converter, which is connected between the supply unit, which provides a primary supply voltage, and the microcontroller, wherein the voltage converter converts the primary supply voltage into a matched to the microcontroller secondary supply voltage.
- a first energy store in the secondary branch be connected downstream of the supply unit or to the voltage converter, which provides the microcontroiler with sufficient energy in the event of a failure of the supply unit, so that it can take appropriate siding measures in order to prevent the loss of data.
- the stored energy is, for example, such that the microcontroller can store data that has not yet been stored.
- a development of the field device provides that a diode in the reverse direction is arranged in series with the supply unit or in series with the voltage converter, which, in the event that the power supply unit fails, the current flow from the first energy storage in the direction of voltage converter or in the direction of the supply unit blocks.
- the circuit part is designed such that on the one hand it generates an at least approximately constant voltage drop and on the other hand it prevents the flow of current in the direction of the supply unit.
- the circuit part is at least one diode or a plurality of diodes connected in series.
- the circuit part is a series circuit consisting of a diode in the flow direction and a tens diode in the reverse direction.
- An advantageous embodiment provides that the Schaitungsteil a second energy store is connected downstream in the secondary branch, which is charged to a predetermined potential (B) in the normal case, the potential (B) relative to the potential (A), which is applied to the input of the circuit part, is reduced by the voltage drop of the circuit part.
- a switching element is arranged, which is controlled so that it automatically sends a signal to the Mikrokontrolier in case of failure of the power supply unit, this signals the failure of the supply unit.
- the shaft element is preferably a p-type transistor with gate, drain and source, which blocks in the normal case, ie if the potential A is present at the gate and the potential B at the soruce and the potential A is greater than the potential B - So a p-side
- Transistor a reverse diode is connected in the reverse direction to ground, which reduces the signal that is sent to the Mikrokontroiler to a limit that is within the specification of the microcontroller. Thus, damage to the MikrokontroHers is avoided.
- FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the Schaitungsteils.
- Fig. 1 necessary for a battery-powered field device components 2, 3, 4, 5 with microcontroller 6 and the detection circuit 1 are shown.
- the detection circuit 1 can of course also a radio adapter, a so-called. Loca! Wireless adapter, be assigned.
- the field device 7 is a device as described in detail in the introduction to the description of the present patent application.
- the field device 7 is fed by the primary supply unit 2, which is preferably a battery. This feeds the voltage converter 3, which in turn supplies the microcontroller 6 with voltage.
- the capacity 5 serves as an energy store and, as a buffer in the event of failure of the primary supply unit 2, ensures that the microcontroller 6 still has enough energy available to take appropriate measures for securing data that has not yet been stored.
- the diode 4 prevents the first energy store 5, which is usually a capacitor, from discharging via the voltage converter 3. Incidentally, the interposition of a diode 4 is not necessary with all voltage converters 3, so that the diode 4 can also be omitted if necessary.
- the detection circuit 1 consists of a resistor 1.1, a circuit part 1.2, a second energy store 1.3 with a parallel-connected resistor 1.4 in shunt, a switching element 1.5 and a Zener diode 1.6.
- the resistor 1.1, the resistor 1.4 and the Zener diode 1.6 are used to limit the available energy such that the required explosion protection conditions are satisfied.
- the resistor 1.4 connected in parallel with the second energy storage device 1.3 is dimensioned such that the self-discharge of the second energy storage device 1.3 can be accelerated and that the reference voltage can thus adapt more quickly to a drop in the supply voltage, provided this does not cause a failure should be interpreted.
- the zener diode 1.6 limits the level of the detection signal, which is sent to the microcontroller 6 in the event of failure of the supply unit 2, to a limit which is within the specification of the microcontroller 6. If the level of the detection signal as such already within the specification, so the Zener diode 1.6 can be omitted.
- the essential components of the detection circuit 1 are thus the circuit part 1.2, the second energy storage 1.3 and the switching element 1.5.
- the circuit part 1.2 generates a constant voltage drop while simultaneously blocking the current in the direction of the supply unit 2.
- the number or type of diodes is the desired voltage drop adjustable.
- the circuit portion 1.2 may consist of a forward-biased diode 8 (e.g., a Si diode) and a downstream Zener diode 9, with the zener diode 9 in
- the circuit part 1.2 may consist of a diode 10.1 or a plurality of diodes (Si diodes) 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, which are operated in the flow direction (FIG. 3).
- the approximately constant voltage drop results essentially from the sum of the fius voltages of the diodes 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, e.g. Si diodes (Fig. 3) and from the zener voltage of the Zener diode 9 summed with the forward voltage of a diode 8 (Si diode).
- Si diode Si diode
- a capacitor 1.3 is charged to the potential B.
- the potential B is lower by the voltage drop of the circuit part 1.2 than the potential A at the resistor 1.1.
- the potential A now corresponds approximately to the supply voltage of the supply unit 2, since (almost) no current flows.
- the Circuit can be dimensioned so that only leakage currents of capacity 1.3 occur as energy loss. Therefore, the power consumption of the detection circuit is almost zero.
- the switching element 1.5 is a P-type field-effect transistor (PFET) 1.5, to whose gate G the potential A and to whose source S the potential B is applied.
- the PFET 1.5 blocks under the condition that the potential A is greater than the potential B. Consequently, there is no voltage at the drain D, which is connected to the detection input 6.2 of the microcontroller 6.
- the potential A drops because of the still connected consumers, e.g. the converter 3 relatively quickly to zero.
- the potential B decreases only very slowly due to the
- the voltage of the first energy store 1.3 which may be limited by the zener diode 1.6, is present. This limitation limits the input voltage at the microcontroller 6 to the max. permissible input voltage of the microcontroller 6.
- the set voltage level which corresponds to the level of the reference voltage, is so large that the microcontroller 6 reliably detects a positive pulse or a positive edge and can respond to this "pre-power fail".
- the response may be, for example, triggering an interrupt that starts a backup routine to write important data and parameters to a non-volatile memory.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
- Safety Devices In Control Systems (AREA)
- Power Sources (AREA)
- Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008054883A DE102008054883A1 (en) | 2008-12-18 | 2008-12-18 | Field device for determining and / or monitoring a physical or chemical process variable |
PCT/EP2009/065531 WO2010069708A1 (en) | 2008-12-18 | 2009-11-20 | Field device for determining and/or monitoring a physical or chemical process parameter |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2359215A1 true EP2359215A1 (en) | 2011-08-24 |
EP2359215B1 EP2359215B1 (en) | 2018-05-02 |
Family
ID=41698135
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09756490.0A Active EP2359215B1 (en) | 2008-12-18 | 2009-11-20 | Field device for determining and/or monitoring a physical or chemical process parameter |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8976498B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2359215B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102257452B (en) |
CA (1) | CA2747674C (en) |
DE (1) | DE102008054883A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010069708A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102011082018A1 (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2013-03-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for operating a field instrument for process instrumentation and field device |
CN102901931B (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2015-01-07 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源股份公司 | Method for screening lithium batteries with abnormal self discharge |
DE102013013466B4 (en) | 2013-08-14 | 2018-12-20 | Endress + Hauser Wetzer Gmbh + Co. Kg | Operating electronics for a two-wire process device |
DE102014012664A1 (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2016-02-25 | Eaton Protection Systems Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg | Supply voltage detection device and method for detecting a supply voltage |
DE102020123407A1 (en) | 2020-09-08 | 2022-03-10 | Endress+Hauser SE+Co. KG | Automation technology field device for use in a hazardous area |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5744876A (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1998-04-28 | Wnf-1 | Capacitive backup power source for electromechanical actuator |
US5604708A (en) * | 1995-01-25 | 1997-02-18 | Dell Usa L.P. | Fail-safe system for preserving a backup battery |
DE29821808U1 (en) * | 1998-12-07 | 2000-01-20 | Siemens Ag | Electronic device, in particular field device |
JP2002007000A (en) * | 2000-06-27 | 2002-01-11 | Toshiba Tec Corp | Electronic equipment |
EP1861764B1 (en) | 2005-02-16 | 2018-06-13 | NXP USA, Inc. | Device having failure recovery capabilities and a method for failure recovery |
US20080012570A1 (en) | 2006-07-17 | 2008-01-17 | O2Micro, Inc. | Monitoring battery cell voltage |
CN101158710A (en) * | 2006-08-17 | 2008-04-09 | 美国凹凸微系有限公司 | Monitoring battery cell voltage |
DE102006055125B3 (en) | 2006-11-22 | 2008-06-19 | Siemens Ag | Battery-powered field instrument for process instrumentation |
DE102006062603A1 (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2008-07-03 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg | Field device e.g. cerabar, operating method, involves producing change in respective operating condition of field device by change of terminal voltage lying close to input of communication supply line |
-
2008
- 2008-12-18 DE DE102008054883A patent/DE102008054883A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-11-20 CN CN200980150931.7A patent/CN102257452B/en active Active
- 2009-11-20 WO PCT/EP2009/065531 patent/WO2010069708A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-11-20 CA CA2747674A patent/CA2747674C/en active Active
- 2009-11-20 EP EP09756490.0A patent/EP2359215B1/en active Active
- 2009-11-20 US US13/139,793 patent/US8976498B2/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2010069708A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2747674C (en) | 2018-04-17 |
EP2359215B1 (en) | 2018-05-02 |
WO2010069708A1 (en) | 2010-06-24 |
DE102008054883A1 (en) | 2010-07-01 |
CN102257452A (en) | 2011-11-23 |
CA2747674A1 (en) | 2010-06-24 |
CN102257452B (en) | 2016-12-21 |
US20110249367A1 (en) | 2011-10-13 |
US8976498B2 (en) | 2015-03-10 |
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