EP2322891A2 - Heat exchanger grid - Google Patents
Heat exchanger grid Download PDFInfo
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- EP2322891A2 EP2322891A2 EP10190026A EP10190026A EP2322891A2 EP 2322891 A2 EP2322891 A2 EP 2322891A2 EP 10190026 A EP10190026 A EP 10190026A EP 10190026 A EP10190026 A EP 10190026A EP 2322891 A2 EP2322891 A2 EP 2322891A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- passages
- spacers
- exchanger network
- network according
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
- F28D9/0075—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements the plates having openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
Definitions
- the invention relates to a heat exchanger network with a stack of end plates and separator plates and between them arranged spacers to form mutually sealed chambers for at least two media.
- Heat exchange networks are often manufactured in panel construction (eg DE 20 2004 011 489 U1 ), by a plate is formed from plates and these spacers holding in the form of individual profiles or strips, which has mutually sealed chambers to be traversed by at least two heat exchanging, in particular liquid media.
- the various components of the stack are z. B. interconnected by soldering and sealed against each other.
- the finished net is then fixed by welding to collecting boxes, which serve to supply and discharge of the media.
- Such a construction is associated with a high assembly cost and comparatively large material costs because of the many different components and requires because of the additional attachment of the manifolds increased space.
- heat exchange networks are known, which are provided in the manner of shell coolers with integrated collecting spaces (eg. DE 196 28 561 D1 . DE 202 10 209 U1 ).
- the integrated plenums are formed of passageways located in the plates and aligned with one another, each communicating fluidly only with associated chambers intended to receive one of the media.
- the sealing of the chambers and the Passages are here by arranged between the plates, annular or disc-shaped spacers, which act simultaneously as a sealant.
- heat exchange networks of this type consist of numerous items and are also problematic in terms of their positional stability, if not between the plates additional and specially tailored Turbulatoreinlagen od. Like. Are provided.
- a heat exchanger network of the type described last is known ( DE 10 2007 021 708 A1 ), whose plate stack is alternately formed from punched partition plates and arranged between these, at the same time acting as a sealant and also punched spacers, which consist of one-piece frame, each defining a particular chamber for one or the other medium.
- As cooling water, are also provided with inwardly, ie protruding into the chambers strips, thereby forcibly deflect the relevant medium in the flow through these chambers repeatedly.
- As collecting boxes for these media used as in the other analogous to the shell construction produced heat exchanger networks each formed in the separating plates passages, while for the second medium, for. B.
- the technical problem of the invention is to form the heat exchanger network of the type described so that it may also be composed of a few different components, but can be provided with inlet and / or outlet openings, their location in a simple manner is changeable according to the requirements.
- the heat exchanger network with little change and the heat exchange between two, three or more media can be set up.
- the invention provides on the one hand to provide spacers between the partition plate, which consist of completely bordered by strips, one-piece frame, and on the other hand to provide the partition plates and the strips with slot-shaped passages that form either closed plenums for the various media or to between the Separating plates are formed, to be flowed through by the media to chambers to allow inflow of the media into the chambers and an outflow of the media from the chambers.
- the slot-shaped passages make it possible to provide the end plates with inlet and / or outlet openings whose positions are variable within the limits of the respective slot lengths. Therefore, the stack of separator plates and spacers can be combined with numerous endplates having different arrangements of inlet and / or outlet ports.
- heat exchange networks for more than two media can be created simply by dividing the spacers into two or more chambers by separator bars.
- the spacers are in several parts, in particular each formed from two spaced apart end pieces and at least two the end pieces interconnecting strips. Due to the multi-part design of the waste and thus the material consumption when punching the spacers can be significantly reduced.
- the strip lengths can be easily adjusted as needed, without having to create a separate tool for each additional length of a spacer.
- the required pressing forces for punching the items are compared to the one-piece design variant significantly lower.
- arises during the Punching of individual parts especially in the area of the radii of the end pieces less distortion.
- the end pieces and the strips are designed to engage in one another in a form-fitting manner in at least one direction.
- Fig. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of a heat exchanger network according to the invention.
- This contains a stack 1, which consists of superimposed separator plates 2 ( Fig. 5 ) and alternately between each two partition plates 2 arranged spacers 3 and 4, respectively 6 and 7 exists and at the ends with end plates 5 and 6 ( 3 and 4 ) is provided.
- the partition plates 2, spacers 3, 4 and end plates 5, 6 preferably have the same size and square or rectangular outer contours and extending through their middle longitudinal axes 7 to 11, which are in the case of rectangular contours extending parallel to a long rectangle side, such as Fig. 3 to 7 demonstrate.
- the end plates 5 and / or 6 are provided with inlet and / or outlet openings 12a to 12d (FIG. Fig. 8 od), od on the connection elements 14 in the form of pipe sockets. The like. Are placed to supply the heat exchanger network through-flowing media or carry away.
- the end plate 5 is provided with two such inlet openings 12a and 12c and two outlet openings 12b and 12d, while the end plate 6 has no such opening 12.
- the partition plates 2 have in opposite, parallel to the longitudinal axes 9 and adjacent edge edges 15 edge first passages 16, the number of which depends on the number of media flowing through the heat exchanger network. In the exemplary embodiment, two such first passages 16 are present in each edge region. All first passages 16 are bounded by completely closed edges 17.
- a first type of spacers 3 arranged between each two separating plates 2 is provided according to FIG Fig. 6 from one-piece frame, which are limited by strips 18 and 19, wherein the strips 18 are arranged parallel and the strips 19 perpendicular to the longitudinal axes 10 and form a completely enclosed frame. While the strips 19 are comparatively narrow, the strips 18 have a greater width.
- 18 second passages 20 and 21 are formed in these strips, wherein analogous to the partition plates 2 in each bar 18 each have a second passage 20 and 21 is provided. In each case two opposing second passages, z. B. 20 are bounded by completely closed edges 22. In contrast, the two other second passages, z. B.
- passage gaps 24 are each openings that establish a fluid communication between the second passages 21 and the chambers 25, which are from a first medium, for. B. the cooling water of a motor vehicle, are flowed through.
- the spacers 4 of a second type are largely formed analogously to the spacers 3 and consist of the strips 26, 27 formed one-piece frame.
- each two third passages 28 and 29 are formed, wherein two opposing third passages, z. B. 28, bounded by completely closed edges 30.
- the other two passages, z. B. 29, bounded by edges 31, which are also substantially completely closed, but provided with passage columns 32 which lead to the insides of the frame or chambers 33, on the one hand by the strips 26, 27 of the frame enclosed and on the other are bounded above and below by in the stack 1 adjacent separation or end plates 2, 5 or 6.
- the passage gaps 32 thus provide fluid connections between the second passages 29 and the chambers 33, which are separated by a second medium, e.g. B. the engine oil of a motor vehicle, flows through.
- a second medium e.g. B. the engine oil of a motor vehicle
- all slit-shaped passages 16, 20, 21, 28 and 29 preferably have longitudinal axes parallel to the longitudinal axes 10 and 11 of the spacers 3, 4 and in the finished stack 1 also parallel to the longitudinal axes 7 to 9 of the partition plates 2 and end plates 5, 6 are arranged.
- the two passage gaps 24 of the spacer 3 and the two passage gaps 32 of the spacer 4 are preferably opposite each other diagonally.
- the passage column 24 in Fig. 6 left upper or lower right
- the passage column 32 top right and arranged on the bottom left, so that the media can flow through the chambers 25, 33, for example, in the direction of the arrows drawn.
- FIGS. 5 and 7 show FIGS. 5 and 7 in that the slot-shaped passages 16, 20, 21, 28 and 29 are all substantially equal in size and so long that they do not extend entirely over half the length of the partition plates 2 and spacers 3, 4.
- the position of the passages 16, 20, 21, 28 and 29 is selected so that they preferably lie flush and coaxially one above the other in the stack formation.
- the spacers 3 and 4, as Fig. 6 to 8 show, preferably identical, but arranged in the stack about a longitudinal axis 10 and 11 rotated by 180 °.
- the stacking takes place after Fig. 8
- a partition plate 2 On the lower end plate 6 successively a partition plate 2, then a spacer 3, then a further partition plate 2, then a spacer 4 and then alternately separating plates 2 and spacers 3 and 4 are placed until finally the upper end plate. 5 is placed on the top partition plate 2 of the stack 1.
- the longitudinal axes 7 to 11 come to lie one above the other in a plane. Subsequently, the parts described od by soldering. Like., Liquid-tightly interconnected.
- the end plates 5 and 6, the separator plates 2 and the spacers 3 and 4 are made of a metal sheet, in particular aluminum sheet and the separator plates 2 solderplattiert on both sides, so that no further solder are required.
- the end plates 5 and 6, the partition plates 2 and the spacers 3 and 4 are preferably integrally formed from the metal sheet, for example by punching, laser cutting or water jet cutting.
- both the slot-shaped, second passages 20 and 21 and the slot-shaped, third passages 28 and 29 are aligned flush and coaxial with the slot-shaped, first passages 16.
- Fig. 8 z. B a portion of the passages 16 and the passages 21 and 28 on the one hand and the other part of the passages 16 and the passages 22 and 29 on the other hand arranged one above the other so that they each form a plenum for one of the two heat exchange media, which through the passages 16 , 21 and 28 formed collecting space through the passage column 24 through only to the chambers 25 back and the collecting space formed by the passages 16, 22 and 29 is opened through the passage column 32 through only to the chambers 33 out.
- the end plate 5 is provided with the inlet and / or outlet openings 12a to 12d so that they are also aligned on a respective first passage 16 of the adjacent partition plate 2, whereas the other end plate 6 has no inlet or outlet opening 12.
- the first medium is supplied through the inlet opening 12a and discharged again through the outlet opening 12b, wherein successively flows on the inlet openings 12a aligned first, third and second passages 16, 28 and 21. From the passages 21 passes this medium by means of the passage column 24 in the associated chambers 25, flows through them and leaves them through the passage column 24 in the diagonally opposite passages 21.
- all-round passages 16 and 28 passes the medium then to the outlet opening 12b in the end plate 5.
- the second medium z. B. are introduced through the inlet opening 12c, from where it flows through the passages 16, 29 and 20 formed collecting chambers, passes through the passage column 32 in the associated chambers 33 and leaves them again through the diagonally opposite passage column 32 to from there through the passages 29, 20 and 16 arranged on this side flow back to the outlet opening 12d.
- the closed passages 20 in the formation of the second media plenums and the closed passages 28 are involved in the formation of the first media plenums, while the passages 21, 29 provided with the passage gaps 24, 32 are the first or second medium through the chambers 25, 33 formed by the spacers 3, 4 and the adjoining partition plates 2 and sealed in a liquid-tight manner.
- the entire heat exchanger network are preferably at least some of the completely closed second passages 20 and 28 extending transversely to the longitudinal axes 10 and 11, acting as tie rods connecting webs divided into two halves. Is in Fig. 6 bottom left for a provided with a connecting web 34 passage 20 and in Fig. 7 shown at the top left for a passage 28 provided with a connecting web 35.
- the resulting reduction in size of the cross sections of the passages 20, 28 is not critical, since the inlet and outlet openings 12a to 12d, the connection elements 14 and the passage gaps 24, 32 already have smaller flow cross sections than the slot-shaped passages.
- the heat exchanger network after Fig. 1 to 8 for heat exchange between two media such. B. the engine oil of a motor vehicle engine and the cooling water of the motor vehicle is set, the heat exchanger network is after Fig. 9 to 16 for heat exchange between three media.
- the third medium is z. B. the gear oil of the motor vehicle to be cooled with the same cooling water as the engine oil.
- Fig. 9 to 16 are essentially the same components as in Fig. 1 to 8 available. Therefore, these components are in Fig. 9 to 16 provided with the same, but supplemented by the letter "a" reference numbers, which in particular for partition plates 2a, end plates 5a, 6a and spacers 3a and 4a applies.
- the upper end plate 5a has three instead of just two inlet openings 12a, 12c and 12e and three outlet openings 12b, 12d and 12f and connection elements 14 connected to them (FIG. Fig. 16 ).
- the partition plates 2a in each of side edges 15a (FIG. Fig. 13 ) bordering edge region is provided with three instead of only two first, slot-shaped passages 16 a, which are bounded by completely closed edges 17 a.
- a first type of spacers 3a substantially corresponds to the spacers 3, but with the difference that in two parallel to the longitudinal axis 10a extending strips 18a two second passages 20a, which are bounded by completely closed edges 22a, and each having a second passage 21 a present are provided with a passage gap 24a and thus open to a frame enclosed by the chamber 25a.
- the two passages 21a are preferably located diagonally opposite to each other Fig. 14 shows.
- a second type of frame-shaped spacers 4a is provided in parallel to the longitudinal axis 11a strips 26a, each with a third passage 28a, which is bounded by closed edges 30a, and two third passages 29a1 and 29a2, each having an opening to the inside of the frame passage gap 32a1 and 32a2, respectively.
- the passage gaps 32a1 lead into a first chamber 33a1, whereas the passage gaps 32a2 lead into a second chamber 33a2.
- the two chambers 33a1, 33a2 are liquid-tightly separated from one another by a separating strip 36 extending between the strips 26a Fig. 15 shows, and the rest, like the chambers 25 and 33 of both sides adjacent partition plates 2a closed liquid-tight.
- the arrangement is also made such that the two chambers 33a1 and 33a2 are equal in size and both the two passages 32a1 and the two passages 32a2 within these chambers 33a1 and 33a2 are opposite each other diagonally Fig. 15 also shows.
- Possible flow directions for the three media flowing through the chambers 25a, 33a1 and 33a2 are in FIG FIGS. 14 and 15 exemplified by arrows.
- the second and third passages 20a, 21a, 28a, 29a1 and 29a2 are preferably flush and coaxially aligned with the first passages 16a.
- the passages 20a, 29a1 with associated passages 16a each form a plenum for a first medium
- the passages 29a2 with further passages 20a and associated passages 16a each have a plenum for a second medium
- the passages 21a with associated passages 28a and 16a each have a plenum for a third medium.
- Analogous to Fig. 1 to 8 can the first medium, for.
- As oil through the passage column 32a1 through the chambers 33a1, the second medium, for.
- At least selected second passages 20a are analogous to Fig. 1 to 8 expediently with the stability-increasing connecting webs 34a (FIG. Fig. 14 ) Mistake.
- Fig. 17 to 24 is z. B. a heat exchanger network shown, whose components have the same reference numbers as in Fig. 1 to 8 , but are additionally provided with the letter "b".
- the heat exchanger network after Fig. 17 to 24 Mainly differs from the heat exchanger network Fig. 9 to 16 in that it is designed to flow through four media, wherein as the fourth medium z. B. added to the clutch oil of a motor vehicle. Therefore included in Fig. 17 to 24 End plates 5b and 6b each have four connected to connecting elements 14 inlet and outlet openings 12 (FIGS. Fig.
- the spacers 3b according to Fig. 22 correspond to the spacers 3a after Fig. 14 except for the difference that they have in each bar 18b four instead of only three second passages 20b and 21b, wherein the passages 21b are diagonally opposite and bounded by edges having through-gaps 24b leading to chambers 25b enclosed by the spacers 3b.
- the spacers 4b differ from those according to Fig.
- each bar 26b there are four instead of only three third passages 28b, 29b1, 29b2 and 29b3, the passage 28b being completely closed, while the passages 29b1 to 29b3 are each provided with a passage gap 32b1, 32b2 and 32b2. 32b3 provided edge are limited.
- the passage gaps 32b1 to 32b3 each lead to a chamber 33b1, 33b2 and 33b3, wherein the chambers 33b1 and 33b2 are liquid-tightly separated from one another by a separating strip 37 connecting the opposing strips 26b and the chambers 33b2 and 33b3 by a corresponding separating strip 38.
- the second type of spacers 4b could be provided with more than three chambers for more than three different media, i. H. the spacers 4a, 4b may be provided with at least two or more chambers as needed.
- Fig. 24 shows, analogous to Fig. 16 by consecutively and alternately stacking the partition plates 2b and the various spacers 3b and 4b, providing the obtained stack 1b with the end plates 5b and 6b, and then soldering the components to form a heat exchanger mesh suitable for flowing four media and the like integrated embodiments, formed by the first, second and third passages collecting spaces for the four media.
- a particular advantage of the invention is that the inlet and outlet openings 12 are provided at very different locations of the end plates 5 and 6 due to the slot-shaped passages 16, 20, 21, 28 and 29 in the limits given by the respective slot length can be.
- the inlet and outlet openings 12 and the connection elements 14 can optionally be provided on the upper and / or lower end plates 5 and 6, respectively. Is in FIGS. 25 to 32 according to the embodiment according to Fig. 9 to 16 shown.
- connection elements 39e, 39f for the inlet and outlet of the third medium are connected to the lower end plate 6a.
- connection elements 40a, 40c and 40e for the inlet of the three media on the upper end plate 5a and connection elements 40b, 40d and 40f for the outlet of the three media are provided on the lower end plate 6a, wherein the connection elements 40a, 40b and 40c, 40d and 40e, 40f are respectively assigned to the first, second and third medium in pairs.
- connection elements 39, 40 and their associated inlet and outlet openings 12 in the end plates 5a and 6a can be arranged so far offset in the direction of the longitudinal axis 9a, as due to the lengths of the slot-shaped, first passages 16a ( Fig. 13 ) and the second and third passages 20a, 21a and 28a, 29a aligned therewith are possible.
- Numerous different arrangement patterns for the connecting elements 39, 40 are possible, so that only adapted to the individual case end plates 5a, 6a must be made.
- the partition walls and end plates 2, 5 and 6 and the ridges 28, 26 of the spacers 3, 4 are preferably provided with mounting holes 41 (eg 1 to 7) in the stack 1 od a continuous channel for receiving a mounting screw.
- the mounting holes 41 are expediently designed as slots.
- the chambers 25 and 33 (eg. 6 and 7 ) with in Fig. 8 . 16 and 24 to be shown Turbulatoreinlagen 42.
- Turbulatoreinlagen 42 One advantage of the construction described is that the turbulator inserts 42 can each be given a square or rectangular outer contour corresponding to the size of the chambers 25, 33, which does not require elaborate tools and work steps in production.
- each separation and end plate 2, 5 and 6 and each spacer 3, 4 with at least one specially shaped outer corner, which has a different contour than the has remaining outer corners, such.
- Fig. 5 to 7 is indicated by a respective acute outer corner 43 instead of the otherwise rounded or bevelled outer corners 44.
- These outer corners 43 must lie directly above one another in the finished stack. This will on the one hand in a simple way errors Setting the stack largely avoided, while on the other hand, even after the formation of the stack on the basis of the externally visible outer corners 43, 44 can be easily checked whether all components have been set correctly.
- FIGS. 33 to 35 two further variants of a heat exchanger network are shown, whose components have the same reference numbers as in Fig. 1 to 8 , but additionally with the letter “c" ( Figures 33 and 34a ) to f) or with the letter “d” ( FIG. 35 ) are provided.
- the heat exchange networks after the FIGS. 33 to 35 differ mainly by the heat exchanger networks described above, that the frame-shaped spacers 3c and 3d are formed in several parts. This makes it possible not to have to punch out the spacers as a solid sheet. This has an advantageous effect in a reduction of the waste and thus also a reduction of the material consumption during the punching of the spacers.
- the required pressing forces for punching the items are compared to the one-piece design variant significantly lower.
- the spacers 3c and 3d consist of two respective spaced-apart end pieces 31c, 31d and at least two the end pieces 31c, 31d interconnecting strips 33c, 34c, 35c, 33d, 34d.
- the end pieces in this case have the respective spacers corresponding to the respective spacers 36c, 37c and 36d, 37d.
- the end pieces 31c, 31d and the strips 33c, 34c, 33d, 34d formed in at least one direction positively interlocking.
- the ends of the strips 33d, 34d are configured with thickenings 331d which can be inserted into correspondingly shaped recesses 38d of the end pieces 31d, 32d and are thus held in a form-fitting manner not only transversely to the longitudinal extent of the spacers 3d but also in the direction of the longitudinal extent.
- the strips lengths can be adjusted as needed in a simple manner, without having to create a separate tool for each additional length of a spacer.
- the end plates 5c and the partition plates 2c, 2d have passages 36c, 37c, and 36d, 37d, respectively, corresponding to passages.
- the turbulator inserts 42c are formed with the central strip 34c receiving longitudinal slots.
- the invention is not limited to the described embodiments, which can be modified in many ways.
- the in Fig. 15 and 23 Equally large illustrated chambers 33a1, 33a2 and 33b1 to 33b3 also have different sizes, in particular in the direction of the longitudinal axes 11a, 11b.
- the size of these chambers is chosen in each case depending on the desired cooling capacity.
- it is largely arbitrary to choose in which direction the media should flow through the various chambers and plenums, ie the arrows in 6 and 7 .
- 14 and 15 and Figures 22 and 22 are only examples.
- the first, second and third passages need not necessarily be disposed on opposite longitudinal edges. Possible would be z. B., at least two intended for the same medium passages, z. B.
- the passages 29 in Fig. 7 to lay in a perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 11 arranged, correspondingly wide trained bar 27 and between the two associated passage columns 32 to provide a separator bar such that the entering through a passage gap 32 into the chamber 33 first medium in a chamber half parallel to the longitudinal axis 11 to the opposite bar 27 flows, where it is deflected by the separating strip and then flows back through the other half of the chamber to the second passage gap 32.
- the passages in the partition plates 2 and the other spacers 3 could be designed accordingly.
- heat exchange media other than the described media in particular refrigerants, water with or without the addition of antifreeze and gaseous media, in particular air, can be used both as cooling media and as to be cooled media.
- partition plates 2 which are not plated, the end plates 5, 6 respectively directly connected to a spacer 3 or 4 and od by an additional solder. Like. Can be attached to these.
- the embodiment according to Fig. 8 to 16 so that the spacers 3a are each provided with two chambers to z. B. to use two different cooling media for cooling of two different media to be cooled.
- the passages 16, 20, 21, 28 and 29 at least partially not or not only parallel to the longitudinal axes 9 to 11 in a row, but also to arrange transversely to the longitudinal axes 9 to 11 next to each other.
- the longitudinally measured length of the passages 16, 20, 21, 28 and 29 should be only slightly smaller than the length of the dividing and end plates divided by the number of media flowing through the heat exchanger network (eg slightly smaller as 113 of the plate length in Fig. 9 to 24 ).
- more than two types of spacers can be provided, if necessary or expedient for the purpose of heat exchange.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Wärmeaustauschernetz mit einem Stapel aus Endplatten und Trennplatten sowie zwischen diesen angeordneten Abstandhaltern zur Bildung von gegeneinander abgedichteten Kammern für wenigstens zwei Medien.The invention relates to a heat exchanger network with a stack of end plates and separator plates and between them arranged spacers to form mutually sealed chambers for at least two media.
Wärmeaustauschernetze werden häufig in Plattenbauweise hergestellt (z. B.
Zur Vermeidung dieser Nachteile sind Wärmeaustauschernetze bekannt, die nach Art von Schalenkühlern mit integrierten Sammelräumen versehen sind (z. B.
Schließlich ist ein Wärmeaustauschernetz der zuletzt beschriebenen Art bekannt (
Die zuletzt beschriebenen und ähnliche Wärmeaustauschernetze ermöglichen zwar durchweg einen guten Wärmeaustausch, bewirken aber bei ihrer Anwendung immer dann Schwierigkeiten, wenn für an sich baugleiche Wärmeaustauschernetze aufgrund von speziellen Einbausituationen in unterschiedlichen Kraftfahrzeugtypen od. dgl. ganz unterschiedliche Anforderungen an die Lage der Ein- und/oder Auslassöffnungen gestellt werden, durch welche die Medien dem Wärmeaustauschernetz zugeführt oder entnommen werden sollen. Wegen des häufig sehr geringen zur Verfügung stehenden Bauraums sind daher in diesen Fällen Wärmeaustauschernetze erforderlich, deren Einlass- und Auslassöffnungen individuell an den jeweiligen Anwendungszweck angepasst sind. Dazu müssen zumindest die End- und Trennplatten mit individuell angebrachten Durchgängen versehen werden. Das erfordert die Bereitstellung von unterschiedlichen Werkzeugen für die Herstellung der End- und Trennplatten, weshalb den Vorteilen der mit integrierten Sammelräumen versehenen Wärmeaustauschernetze unerwünschte Nachteile bei der Fertigung gegenüberstehen.Although the last described and similar heat exchange networks allow consistently good heat exchange, but always cause problems in their application when od for identical heat exchange networks due to special installation situations in different types of vehicles od. Like. Very different requirements on the position of input and / or or outlet openings are provided through which the media to the heat exchanger network to be supplied or removed. Because of the often very small available space heat exchanger networks are therefore required in these cases, the inlet and outlet ports are individually adapted to the particular application. For this purpose, at least the end and partition plates must be provided with individually attached passages. This requires the provision of different tools for the manufacture of the end and separator plates, which is why the advantages of provided with integrated collecting chambers heat exchange networks face undesirable disadvantages in the production.
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik besteht das technische Problem der Erfindung darin, das Wärmeaustauschernetz der eingangs bezeichneten Gattung so auszubilden, dass es zwar ebenfalls aus wenigen unterschiedlichen Bauteilen zusammengesetzt, jedoch mit Einlass- und/oder Auslassöffnungen versehen werden kann, deren Lage auf einfache Weise entsprechend den gestellten Anforderungen veränderbar ist. Außerdem soll das Wärmeaustauschernetz mit geringen Änderungen auch zum Wärmeaustausch zwischen zwei, drei oder mehr Medien eingerichtet werden können.Based on this prior art, the technical problem of the invention is to form the heat exchanger network of the type described so that it may also be composed of a few different components, but can be provided with inlet and / or outlet openings, their location in a simple manner is changeable according to the requirements. In addition, the heat exchanger network with little change and the heat exchange between two, three or more media can be set up.
Gelöst wird dieses Problem erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1.This problem is solved according to the invention by the features of
Die Erfindung sieht einerseits vor, zwischen den Trennplatte jeweils Abstandhalter vorzusehen, die aus rundum von Leisten begrenzten, einstückigen Rahmen bestehen, und andererseits die Trennplatten und die Leisten mit schlitzförmigen Durchgängen zu versehen, die entweder geschlossene Sammelräume für die verschiedenen Medien bilden oder zu zwischen den Trennplatten gebildeten, von den Medien zu durchströmenden Kammern hin geöffnet sind, um ein Einströmen der Medien in die Kammern und ein Ausströmen der Medien aus den Kammern zu ermöglichen. Die schlitzförmig ausgebildeten Durchgänge erlauben es, die Endplatten mit Einlass- und/oder Auslassöffnungen zu versehen, deren Lagen in den Grenzen der jeweiligen Schlitzlängen veränderbar sind. Daher kann der Stapel aus Trennplatten und Abstandhaltern mit zahlreichen, unterschiedliche Anordnungen von Einlass- und/oder Auslassöffnungen aufweisenden Endplatten kombiniert werden. Außerdem können Wärmeaustauschernetze für mehr als zwei Medien einfach dadurch geschaffen werden, dass die Abstandhalter bzw. Rahmen durch Trennleisten in zwei oder mehr Kammern unterteilt werden.The invention provides on the one hand to provide spacers between the partition plate, which consist of completely bordered by strips, one-piece frame, and on the other hand to provide the partition plates and the strips with slot-shaped passages that form either closed plenums for the various media or to between the Separating plates are formed, to be flowed through by the media to chambers to allow inflow of the media into the chambers and an outflow of the media from the chambers. The slot-shaped passages make it possible to provide the end plates with inlet and / or outlet openings whose positions are variable within the limits of the respective slot lengths. Therefore, the stack of separator plates and spacers can be combined with numerous endplates having different arrangements of inlet and / or outlet ports. In addition, heat exchange networks for more than two media can be created simply by dividing the spacers into two or more chambers by separator bars.
Weitere vorteilhafte Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Further advantageous features of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung sind die Abstandhalter mehrteilig, insbesondere jeweils aus zwei voneinander beabstandeten Endstücken und mindestens zwei die Endstücke miteinander verbindenden Leisten ausgebildet. Durch die mehrteilige Ausbildung kann der Verschnitt und somit auch der Materialverbrauch beim Ausstanzen der Abstandshalter deutlich reduziert werden. Außerdem können in einfacher Weise die Leistenlängen je nach Bedarf angepasst werden, ohne dass für jede weitere Länge eines Abstandshalters ein separates Werkzeug erstellt werden muss. Auch die benötigten Presskräfte zum Ausstanzen der Einzelteile sind gegenüber der einstückigen Ausführungsvariante deutlich geringer. Überdies entsteht beim Stanzen der Einzelteile insbesondere im Bereich der Radien der Endstücke weniger Verzug.According to an advantageous embodiment, the spacers are in several parts, in particular each formed from two spaced apart end pieces and at least two the end pieces interconnecting strips. Due to the multi-part design of the waste and thus the material consumption when punching the spacers can be significantly reduced. In addition, the strip lengths can be easily adjusted as needed, without having to create a separate tool for each additional length of a spacer. The required pressing forces for punching the items are compared to the one-piece design variant significantly lower. Moreover, arises during the Punching of individual parts, especially in the area of the radii of the end pieces less distortion.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante sind die Endstücke und die Leisten in mindestens einer Richtung formschlüssig ineinander greifend ausgebildet.According to a further embodiment variant, the end pieces and the strips are designed to engage in one another in a form-fitting manner in at least one direction.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend in Verbindung mit den beiliegenden Zeichnungen aus Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1 und 2
- je eine perspektivische Ansicht eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen, für zwei Medien bestimmten und An- schlusselemente aufweisenden Wärmeaustauschernetzes schräg von oben und unten;
- Fig. 3 und 4
- je eine obere und untere Endplatte des Wärmeaustauschernetzes nach
Fig. 1 und 2 in einem verkleinerten Maßstab; - Fig. 5
- eine gegenüber
Fig. 1 und 2 verkleinerte Draufsicht auf eine Trenn- platte des Wärmeaustauschernetzes; - Fig. 6 und 7
- gegenüber
Fig 1 und 2 verkleinerte Draufsichten auf je einen Ab- standhalter des Wärmeaustauschernetzes; - Fig. 8
- schematisch das Wärmeaustauschernetz nach
Fig. 1 und 2 in einer auseinander gezogenen Darstellung; - Fig. 9 bis 16
- den
Fig. 1 bis 8 entsprechende Ansichten eines zweiten Ausfüh- rungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen, für drei Medien bestimm- ten Wärmeaustauschernetzes und seiner Einzelteile; - Fig. 17 bis 24
- den
Fig. 1 bis 8 entsprechende Ansichten eines dritten Ausfüh- rungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen, für vier Medien bestimm- ten Wärmeaustauschernetzes und seiner Einzelteile; und - Fig. 25 bis 32
- Varianten des in
Fig. 9 bis 16 gezeigten Wärmeaustauschernetzes in je einer perspektivischen Ober- und Unteransicht, wobei An- schlusselemente für die Medien an unterschiedlichen Stellen vorge- sehen sind, - Fig. 33
- schematisch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsge- mäßen Wärmeaustauschernetzes in einer auseinander gezogenen Darstellung;
- Fig. 34a) bis 34f)
- Teile des in
Fig. 33 gezeigten Wärmeaustauschernetzes; und - Fig. 35
- schematisch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsge- mäßen Wärmeaustauschernetzes in einer auseinander gezogenen Darstellung.
- Fig. 1 and 2
- in each case a perspective view of a first exemplary embodiment of a heat exchanger network according to the invention, which is intended for two media and has connecting elements, obliquely from above and below;
- 3 and 4
- depending on an upper and lower end plate of the heat exchanger network after
Fig. 1 and 2 on a reduced scale; - Fig. 5
- one opposite
Fig. 1 and 2 reduced plan view of a separating plate of the heat exchanger network; - 6 and 7
- across from
FIGS. 1 and 2 reduced plan views of one spacer each of the heat exchanger network; - Fig. 8
- schematically the heat exchanger network after
Fig. 1 and 2 in an exploded view; - Fig. 9 to 16
- the
Fig. 1 to 8 corresponding views of a second exemplary embodiment of a heat exchanger network according to the invention intended for three media and its individual parts; - Fig. 17 to 24
- the
Fig. 1 to 8 corresponding views of a third exemplary embodiment of a heat exchanger network according to the invention intended for four media and its individual parts; and - FIGS. 25 to 32
- Variants of in
Fig. 9 to 16 shown heat exchanger network in each case a perspective top and bottom view, wherein connection elements for the media are provided at different locations, - Fig. 33
- schematically another embodiment of an inventive heat exchanger network in an exploded view;
- FIGS. 34a) to 34f)
- Parts of in
Fig. 33 shown heat exchanger network; and - Fig. 35
- schematically another embodiment of an inventive heat exchanger network in an exploded view.
Die Endplatten 5 und/oder 6 sind mit Einlass- und/oder Auslassöffnungen 12a bis 12d (
Die Trennplatten 2 weisen in gegenüberliegenden, zu den Längsachsen 9 parallelen und an Seitenkanten 15 grenzenden Randbereichen erste Durchgänge 16 auf, deren Zahl von der Zahl der das Wärmeaustauschernetz durchströmenden Medien abhängt. Im Ausführungsbeispiel sind in jeden Randbereich zwei derartige erste Durchgänge 16 vorhanden. Alle ersten Durchgänge 16 sind durch rundum geschlossene Ränder 17 begrenzt.The
Eine erste Art von zwischen je zwei Trennplatten 2 angeordneten Abstandhaltern 3 besteht gemäß
Die Abstandhalter 4 einer zweiten Art sind weitgehend analog zu den Abstandhaltern 3 ausgebildet und bestehen aus durch die Leisten 26, 27 gebildeten, einstückigen Rahmen. In den vergleichsweise breiten Leisten 26 sind je zwei dritte Durchgänge 28 und 29 ausgebildet, wobei zwei einander gegenüberliegende dritte Durchgänge, z. B. 28, durch rundum geschlossene Ränder 30 begrenzt sind. Dagegen sind die beiden anderen Durchgänge, z. B. 29, durch Ränder 31 begrenzt, die zwar ebenfalls im Wesentlichen rundum geschlossen, aber mit Durchtrittsspalten 32 versehen sind, die zu den Innenseiten der Rahmen bzw. zu Kammern 33 führen, die einerseits von den Leisten 26, 27 der Rahmen umschlossen und andererseits nach oben und unten durch im Stapel 1 benachbarte Trenn- oder Endplatten 2, 5 oder 6 begrenzt sind. Die Durchtrittsspalte 32 schaffen somit strömungsmäßige Verbindungen zwischen den zweiten Durchgängen 29 und den Kammern 33, die von einem zweiten Medium, z. B. dem Motoröl eines Kraftfahrzeugs, durchströmt werden. Im Übrigen weisen alle schlitzförmigen Durchgänge 16, 20, 21, 28 und 29 vorzugsweise Längsachsen auf, die parallel zu den Längsachsen 10 und 11 der Abstandhalter 3, 4 und im fertigen Stapel 1 auch parallel zu den Längsachsen 7 bis 9 der Trennplatten 2 und Endplatten 5, 6 angeordnet sind.The
Wie
Die Stapelbildung erfolgt nach
Im fertigen Wärmeaustauschernetz sind sowohl die schlitzförmigen, zweiten Durchgänge 20 und 21 als auch die schlitzförmigen, dritten Durchgänge 28 und 29 bündig und koaxial auf die schlitzförmigen, ersten Durchgänge 16 ausgerichtet. Dadurch sind gemäß
Zur Vergrößerung der mechanischen Steifigkeit der Abstandhalter 3 und 4 und damit des gesamten Wärmeaustauschernetzes sind vorzugsweise zumindest einige der rundum geschlossenen zweiten Durchgänge 20 und 28 durch quer zu den Längsachsen 10 bzw. 11 erstreckte, als Zuganker wirkende Verbindungsstege in zwei Hälften unterteilt. Das ist in
Während das Wärmeaustauschernetz nach
In
Weiterhin sind hier wiederum zwei Arten von rahmenförmigen Abstandhaltern 3a und 4a vorgesehen.Furthermore, here again two types of frame-shaped
Eine erste Art von Abstandhaltern 3a entspricht im Wesentlichen den Abstandhaltern 3, allerdings mit dem Unterschied, dass in parallel zur Längsachse 10a verlaufenden Leisten 18a je zwei zweite Durchgänge 20a, die durch rundum geschlossene Ränder 22a begrenzt sind, und je ein zweiter Durchgang 21 a vorhanden sind, der mit einem Durchtrittsspalt 24a versehen und damit zu einer vom Rahmen umschlossenen Kammer 25a hin offen ist. Die beiden Durchgänge 21a liegen sich vorzugsweise diagonal gegenüber, wie
Eine zweite Art von rahmenförmigen Abstandhaltern 4a ist in zur Längsachse 11a parallelen Leisten 26a mit je einem dritten Durchgang 28a, der rundum durch geschlossene Ränder 30a begrenzt ist, und zwei dritten Durchgängen 29a1 und 29a2 versehen, die je einen zur Innenseite des Rahmens hin geöffneten Durchtrittsspalt 32a1 bzw. 32a2 aufweisen. Die Durchtrittsspalte 32a1 führen in eine erste Kammer 33a1, die Durchtrittsspalte 32a2 dagegen in eine zweite Kammer 33a2. Die beiden Kammern 33a1, 33a2 sind durch eine zwischen den Leisten 26a erstreckte Trennleiste 36 flüssigkeitsdicht voneinander getrennt, wie
Der Zusammenbau der Bauteile nach
Im fertigen Wärmeaustauschernetz sind die zweiten und dritten Durchgänge 20a, 21a, 28a, 29a1 und 29a2 vorzugsweise bündig und koaxial auf die ersten Durchgänge 16a ausgerichtet. Dadurch bilden die Durchgänge 20a, 29a1 mit zugeordneten Durchgängen 16a jeweils einen Sammelraum für ein erstes Medium, die Durchgänge 29a2 mit weiteren Durchgängen 20a und zugeordneten Durchgängen 16a jeweils einen Sammelraum für ein zweites Medium und die Durchgänge 21a mit zugeordneten Durchgängen 28a und 16a jeweils einen Sammelraum für ein drittes Medium. Analog zu
Zumindest ausgewählte zweite Durchgänge 20a sind analog zu
Die beschriebene Konstruktion des erfindungsgemäßen Wärmeaustauschernetzes ermöglicht zahlreiche weitere Konfigurationen. In
In analoger Weise könnte die zweite Art von Abstandhaltern 4b mit mehr als drei Kammern für mehr als drei unterschiedliche Medien versehen sein, d. h. die Abstandhalter 4a, 4b können je nach Bedarf mit wenigstens zwei oder mehr Kammern versehen werden.Similarly, the second type of
Die Montage der beschriebenen Teile erfolgt, wie
Ein besonderer Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, dass die Einlass- und Auslassöffnungen 12 aufgrund der schlitzförmigen Durchgänge 16, 20, 21, 28 und 29 in den Grenzen, die durch die jeweilige Schlitzlänge gegeben ist, an ganz unterschiedlichen Orten der Endplatten 5 und 6 vorgesehen werden können. Außerdem können die Einlass- und Auslassöffnungen 12 und die Anschlusselemente 14 wahlweise an der oberen und/oder unteren Endplatte 5 bzw. 6 vorgesehen werden. Das ist in
Beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach
Zur Erleichterung der Montage der fertigen Wärmeaustauschernetze in einem Kraftfahrzeug od. dgl. sind die Trennwände- und Endplatten 2, 5 und 6 sowie die Leisten 28,26 der Abstandhalter 3, 4 vorzugsweise mit Montagelöchern 41 (z. B. 1 bis 7) versehen, die im Stapel 1 einen durchgehenden Kanal zur Aufnahme einer Befestigungsschraube od. dgl. bilden. Die Montagelöcher 41 sind zweckmäßig als Langlöcher ausgebildet.To facilitate assembly of the finished heat exchange nets in a motor vehicle or the like, the partition walls and
Weiterhin ist es zur Verbesserung der Wärmeaustauschleistung zweckmäßig, die Kammern 25 und 33 (z. B.
Zur weiteren Erleichterung der Montage beim Packen des Stapels 1, 1 a und 1 b ist vorgesehen, jede Trenn- und Endplatte 2, 5 und 6 sowie jeden Abstandhalter 3, 4 mit wenigstens einer besonders geformten Außenecke zu versehen, die eine andere Kontur als die übrigen Außenecken aufweist, wie z. B. in
In den
Die Abstandhalter 3c bzw. 3d bestehen dazu aus zwei jeweiligen voneinander beabstandeten Endstücken 31c, 31d und mindestens zwei die Endstücke 31c, 31d miteinander verbindenden Leisten 33c, 34c, 35c, 33d, 34d. Die Endstücke weisen dabei die den obigen Abstandshaltern entsprechenden jeweilige Durchgänge 36c, 37c bzw. 36d, 37d auf. Bevorzugt sind die Endstücke 31c, 31 d und die Leisten 33c, 34c, 33d, 34d in mindestens einer Richtung formschlüssig ineinander greifend ausgebildet. Dazu sind, wie in den
Die Endplatten 5c und die Trennplatten 2c, 2d weisen den Durchgänge 36c, 37c bzw. 36d, 37d entsprechende Durchgänge auf. Die Turbulatoreinlagen 42c sind mit die mittlere Leiste 34c aufnehmenden Längsschlitzen ausgebildet.The
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt, die auf vielfache Weise abgewandelt werden können. Beispielsweise können die in
Claims (21)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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DE202009015586U DE202009015586U1 (en) | 2009-11-12 | 2009-11-12 | Heat exchanger |
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EP2322891A2 true EP2322891A2 (en) | 2011-05-18 |
EP2322891A3 EP2322891A3 (en) | 2013-12-25 |
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EP10190026.4A Withdrawn EP2322891A3 (en) | 2009-11-12 | 2010-11-04 | Heat exchanger grid |
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US (1) | US20110120678A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2322891A3 (en) |
DE (1) | DE202009015586U1 (en) |
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EP2322891A3 (en) | 2013-12-25 |
US20110120678A1 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
DE202009015586U1 (en) | 2011-03-24 |
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