EP2313575A2 - Masonry bracket, system and construction method - Google Patents
Masonry bracket, system and construction methodInfo
- Publication number
- EP2313575A2 EP2313575A2 EP09757799A EP09757799A EP2313575A2 EP 2313575 A2 EP2313575 A2 EP 2313575A2 EP 09757799 A EP09757799 A EP 09757799A EP 09757799 A EP09757799 A EP 09757799A EP 2313575 A2 EP2313575 A2 EP 2313575A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bracket
- masonry
- rebar
- transfer member
- course
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000003019 stabilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000009414 blockwork Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
- E04B2/24—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element the walls being characterised by fillings in some of the cavities forming load-bearing pillars or beams
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
- E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
- E04C5/0645—Shear reinforcements, e.g. shearheads for floor slabs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups
- E04C5/168—Spacers connecting parts for reinforcements and spacing the reinforcements from the form
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups
- E04C5/18—Spacers of metal or substantially of metal
Definitions
- patent document US6629394 discloses a rebar hanger for suspending rebars comprising a form hook for hooking on top of a concrete form, a first rebar hook for supporting a first rebar that extends away from the lower end of an inner section of the form hook and a second rebar hook for supporting a second rebar that extends downwardly and inwardly from the inner end of a brace.
- Figures Ia to Ie show a bracket embodying the present invention, the bracket being shown in relation to the surrounding masonry blockwork, rebars and rebar end securing cleats.
- FIG. 2 shows another form of bracket embodying the present invention.
- Figure 7c is a vertical rebar cleat according to one aspect of the present invention.
- the present invention provides a masonry wall reinforcing bracket 2 comprising an elongate stress transfer member 4 adapted and configured to extend between at least two courses 30 of masonry in use.
- the stress transfer member 4 further comprises one or more rebar cradling features 6.
- the cradling feature 6 is operative to support and locate a rebar 8 within a masonry wall 10, e.g. to allow it to be cast into a bond beam 12 formed within a course of hollowed masonry units 14.
- the bracket 2 is formed from a material that is stronger in tension and shear compared to the bond beam matrix material (i.e. concrete, usually) and mortar. Such a bracket 2 material could be steel or another metal, or a metallic or non metallic composite material.
- the stress transfer member 4 extends between at least two immediately adjacent masonry courses 30, but it may in principle extend through any number of masonry courses 30.
- the stress transfer member may extend outwards to one side of the bond beam only.
- a series of brackets may be provided extending from the bond beam into the adjacent masonry course alternately above and below.
- a central portion of the bracket may be embedded in the bond beam in use, with end portions projecting into adjacent masonry courses above and below the bond beam.
- the projecting portions may be symmetrically or asymmetrically disposed with respect to the reinforced concrete core of the bond beam.
- hollowed masonry blocks 14 are used to form part of a hollowed masonry course which houses one or more rebars 8 supported by one or more rebar cradling features 6 on one or more brackets 2 embodying the present invention.
- the brackets 2 are typically distributed horizontally at the same vertical level along the length of the wall 10, but may also be distributed at other locations throughout the wall 10.
- the rebar 8 typically extends the full horizontal length of the masonry wall panel and connects to the end load-bearing columns 20 using one or more cleats 26 (see Fig. 4). Because the rebar 8 and stress transfer member 4 are mechanically linked, transverse forces applied to the masonry panel are distributed through masonry courses 30 linked by the stress transfer member/s 4 to the rebar 8.
- the bracket 2 also preferably comprises one or more apertures 32 in the stress transfer member 4 and/or the supporting member 28 that operate to allow masonry block binding material to pass through the bracket 2.
- masonry block binding material typically mortar
- the bracket 2 is anchored within the structure of the masonry wall 10.
- Masonry walls 10 may in certain circumstances require vertically extending reinforcement structures incorporated within or connected adjacent to the masonry walls 10, for example, either side of a door or window to provide extra reinforcement around nominally weakened areas of the wall. Such structures are typically formed from steel or other metals or metal alloys.
- the present invention therefore further provides a masonry wall tie bracket 62 comprising a first portion 64 with a rebar cradling feature 6 for accommodating a rebar 8 and a second portion with an adaptor 66 configured to secure the bracket 62 to an elongate reinforcing member.
- the tie bracket 62 may transversely interlink and mechanically couple the horizontal rebars in the bond beam to one or more elongate vertical reinforcement structures/members, although in principle the adaptor 66 may be configured to secure the bracket 62 to other elongate reinforcing structures that are not vertical.
- the bracket 2 comprises one or more perpendicularly protruding supporting members 28 along its length, spaced from the ends of the stress transfer member 4.
- Figures 3b and 3c show another form of bracket 2a for use where the bond beam is to be tied into adjacent blockwork for stress transfer on one side only, e.g. where the bond beam forms a lintel above an opening such as for a window or door.
- the stress transfer member 4 is made shorter than that shown in Figures Ia-Ie and the rebar cradling features 6 are positioned relative to the foot 8 so that the foot 8 rests on the floor of the cavity 18 in the hollowed blocks so as to position the rebar cradling features at the correct height.
- the upper end of the stress transfer member 4 therefore extends into the course above, similarly to the example of Figures Ia-Ie, but no part of the bracket 2a extends downwardly of the bond beam.
- the end of the foot is split into two parts with one part 8b being angled upwardly with respect to the other part 8b.
- the tips of the parts 8a, 8b are separated by a distance (e.g. 20mm) greater than the mortar joint thickness (which is typically 10mm). The foot is therefore too wide to be built into a mortar joint.
- the back plate of the cleat 26 may have a hole 48 formed in line with the bore of the tube.
- the back plate hole 48 is sized such that the rebar 8 to be housed in the securing feature 46 may pass through the hole 48. In this manner, the entire cleat 26 may be fed over the rebar 8. Because the rebar 8 may pass all the way through the cleat 26, the back plate of the cleat 26 does not hinder the placement of the rebar 8 when being manoeuvred into its final operating position. Once the rebar 8 is located into its final operating position, the cleat 26 may then brought into contact and secured to the load bearing columns 20.
- the securing feature 46 of the cleat 26 protrudes outwardly from the back plate into the masonry wall 10 to an extent that it can secure the rebar 8 once the cleat 26 is secured to the column 20 and the rebar 8 is in its final operative position.
- fasteners may be, for example, bolts in the case of a steel structure or expansion bolts in the case of a reinforced concrete load bearing pillar or wall slab.
- the mounting holes 58 are elongated longitudinally of the base plate, to permit height adjustment of the adaptor.
- the adaptor 66 as shown in Figures 7a-b and 8a-b comprises a cylindrical tube adaptor with a cylindrical hole 68 with a closed top end and an open bottom end.
- the bottom end opening of the tube and the internal diameter of the tube are sized to accommodate a vertical rebar 70 so that the adaptor 66 can be slid on to the vertical rebar 70 and form a tight (close sliding) fit.
- the first portion 64 comprising the rebar cradling features 6 stands proud from the top end of the vertical rebar 70.
- the tubular adaptor 66 may be formed from any suitable rigid material and may be of any cross-sectional shape that fits a vertical rebar 70.
- the cleat 72 comprises a base plate 74 typically with fixing holes and an outwardly extending tubular portion 76.
- the tubular portion 76 is similar to that of the adaptor 66 of the tie bracket 62 and protrudes outwardly normal from the plane of the base plate.
- the tubular portion of the vertical rebar cleat 72 comprises cylindrical hole 68 that is sized to accept and closely fit a vertical rebar 70.
- the cleat 72 is placed upon and affixed to a horizontal supporting structure that supports the masonry wall.
- the vertical rebar cleat 72 is sized in the plane of the base plate 74 to allow the cleat 72 to be fully accommodated within a vertical through-hole made within a masonry block.
- the cleat 72 When used in a preferred method of constructing a masonry wall, the cleat 72 is positioned so that the vertical through hole of a block in the first course of masonry block work sits over and surrounds the cleat 72. A vertical rebar 70 is then inserted into the tubular portion 76 of the vertical rebar cleat. Successive masonry block courses are then subsequently formed over the first masonry course, wherein the masonry block of each masonry course immediately above the rebar 70 comprises a through hole to accommodate the vertical rebar 70.
- the hollowed masonry blocks 16 of the bond beam course are as described above and preferably comprise a U-shaped longitudinal cavity.
- the masonry blocks immediately above the tie brackets 62 comprise a vertical through hole sized to accept and allow the tie brackets 62 to protrude through the through hole into the cavity of the U-shaped masonry blocks 14.
- the vertical through hole may be similar to the hole 16 in the base of the hollowed masonry block 14 as described above, or any other suitable hole such as one formed by removing a portion of the base at one end of a hollowed masonry block 14. Where the vertical rebars extend upwardly from the bond beam, the open tops of the U-blocks allow the brackets 62 to pass upwardly from the bond beam space directly into the hollow block interiors in the course above.
- the tie brackets 62 may be fitted onto the vertical rebars 70 after the hollowed masonry blocks 14 of the bond beam course have been put in place. Once all of the masonry blocks of the bond beam course 12 are in position, the horizontal rebars 8 are located into the rebar cradling features 6 of the shear transfer brackets 2 and the rebar cradling features 6 of the tie bracket 62 are hooked onto the horizontal rebars 8 by lifting and rotating the tie bracket 62. The vertical through holes of the hollowed masonry blocks 14 and corresponding blocks of the adjacent course below are then backfilled with wet concrete. The longitudinal U shaped cavity 18 formed by the hollowed masonry blocks 14 is then filled with concrete to form the completed bond beam 12.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
- Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)
- Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
- Retaining Walls (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0810219A GB2460674A (en) | 2008-06-04 | 2008-06-04 | Masonry bracket |
PCT/GB2009/050603 WO2009147427A2 (en) | 2008-06-04 | 2009-06-02 | Masonry bracket, system and construction method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2313575A2 true EP2313575A2 (en) | 2011-04-27 |
EP2313575B1 EP2313575B1 (en) | 2016-08-17 |
Family
ID=39638167
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09757799.3A Active EP2313575B1 (en) | 2008-06-04 | 2009-06-02 | Masonry bracket, system and construction method |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110072751A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2313575B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2009254997B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2726735C (en) |
ES (1) | ES2603581T3 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2460674A (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ590165A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009147427A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8201376B2 (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2012-06-19 | Witcher Steve D | Dry-stack masonry system |
US9309682B2 (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2016-04-12 | Ralph Gerald Hurst | Strong arm bolt-rebar hanger system for concrete footing forms |
US8763980B2 (en) * | 2010-02-11 | 2014-07-01 | Curtis J. Deslatte | Post bracket and post support structure incorporating the same |
GB2485397B (en) | 2010-11-12 | 2013-07-03 | Wembley Innovation Ltd | Reinforced masonry panel structures |
CA2838184C (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2019-07-02 | Hercuwall Inc. | Stronger wall system |
US8844224B2 (en) * | 2012-04-30 | 2014-09-30 | James Scot LINDQUIST | Utility dowel bracket |
AU2013366093B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2017-07-20 | Wembley Innovation Ltd | Reinforced blockwork construction method |
US9834945B2 (en) | 2014-06-10 | 2017-12-05 | Harvel K. Crumley | Concrete form tie assembly for monolithic slabs bearing on masonry stem walls |
KR102190324B1 (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2020-12-11 | 김태명 | A Set of Assemble-able Bricks |
US10982444B1 (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-04-20 | Mettler-Toledo, LLC | Tensile reinforcements for concrete slab |
Family Cites Families (37)
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US191881A (en) * | 1877-06-12 | Improvement in jron posts for wire fences | ||
DE249812C (en) * | ||||
NL284038A (en) | ||||
US467434A (en) * | 1892-01-19 | Wire-fence post | ||
US1362707A (en) * | 1919-11-01 | 1920-12-21 | Henry H Lampert | Bar-support |
US1409645A (en) * | 1920-08-06 | 1922-03-14 | Hugh J Baker | Spacer for reenforcements |
US1613351A (en) * | 1924-05-31 | 1927-01-04 | Buffalo Steel Company | Chair for concrete-reenforcing rods |
CH125649A (en) * | 1927-08-13 | 1928-05-01 | Servalli Hofstetter August | Reinforced block masonry. |
US2467115A (en) * | 1946-01-30 | 1949-04-12 | Richard W Duggan | Anchor bracket |
AT324651B (en) * | 1971-06-16 | 1975-09-10 | Tor Isteg Steel Corp | ASSEMBLY OR FIXING MEMBER FOR REINFORCEMENT OR REINFORCEMENT ELEMENT IN REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION |
US4598523A (en) * | 1984-01-17 | 1986-07-08 | Tolliver Wilbur E | Reinforcement support spacer |
US4875319A (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 1989-10-24 | Hohmann & Barnard, Inc. | Seismic construction system |
DE3824790C2 (en) * | 1988-07-21 | 1994-10-13 | Brusnowitz Georg | Anchor system for the production of reinforced masonry |
DE9201584U1 (en) * | 1992-02-08 | 1992-07-16 | Bähr, Richard, 7901 Dorndorf | Spacer for a reinforcing bar to be embedded in concrete |
IL104101A (en) * | 1992-12-15 | 1996-10-16 | Ron Eli | Members for reinforcing supporting and tying steel bars for reinforced concrete |
US6112494A (en) * | 1996-05-16 | 2000-09-05 | Hardy Construction Products, L.L.C. | System for affixing rebar lattice to receive concrete |
EP0833014B1 (en) * | 1996-09-27 | 2004-06-09 | Elmenhorst Bauspezialartikel GmbH & Co.KG | Reinforcing system for masonry |
DE29618030U1 (en) * | 1996-10-17 | 1996-11-28 | Halfen GmbH & Co. KG, 40764 Langenfeld | Reinforcement stirrups for facing masonry |
ES2143357B1 (en) * | 1997-02-14 | 2000-12-01 | Argiles Josep Maria Adell | INTEGRAL SYSTEM OF ASSEMBLY OF FACTORY WALLS. |
US5878546A (en) * | 1997-07-10 | 1999-03-09 | Westover; Albert R. | Concrete reinforcing bar connector |
US6240688B1 (en) * | 1997-12-12 | 2001-06-05 | Bradley S. Dressler | Holder for adjustable positioning of reinforcing rods |
US5907939A (en) * | 1998-06-02 | 1999-06-01 | Reichel; Kurt O. | Masonry hanger |
US20020017070A1 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-02-14 | Batch Juan R. | Plastic module for insulated concrete waffle wall |
GB0100372D0 (en) * | 2001-01-06 | 2001-02-14 | Owen George | Support apparatus |
US6588168B2 (en) * | 2001-04-17 | 2003-07-08 | Donald L. Walters | Construction blocks and structures therefrom |
US6637171B1 (en) * | 2001-10-17 | 2003-10-28 | Bryan D. Toone | Apparatus and method for reinforcing concrete using rebar isolators |
US6629394B1 (en) * | 2001-12-13 | 2003-10-07 | Oscar Trevino | Rebar hanger |
US6866445B2 (en) * | 2001-12-17 | 2005-03-15 | Paul M. Semler | Screed ski and support system and method |
US6679024B2 (en) * | 2002-02-26 | 2004-01-20 | Kjell L. Dahl | High strength grouted pipe coupler |
DE10310715A1 (en) * | 2003-03-10 | 2004-10-07 | Fachhochschule Gießen-Friedberg | Invention relating to components as reinforcement elements and concrete parts made therefrom |
US7178789B1 (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2007-02-20 | Lehmann Ryan P | Fixture for hanging wire fence |
US20060016143A1 (en) * | 2004-07-26 | 2006-01-26 | Morris Richard D | Insulated tile and stone block wall |
US20060248832A1 (en) * | 2005-05-06 | 2006-11-09 | Shidler David C | Concrete wall form tie |
WO2007136233A1 (en) | 2006-05-24 | 2007-11-29 | Yan Sup Lee | Fix holder, steel wire, bricks, and bricks wall reinforcement method thereby |
GB2440531B (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2008-07-02 | Pyramid Builders Ltd | Reinforced Masonry Panel Structure |
US20090235601A1 (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2009-09-24 | Off Site Construction R&D Limited | Wall unit |
US8348224B2 (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2013-01-08 | Paladin Industrial, Llc | Tie system for forming poured concrete walls over concrete footings |
-
2008
- 2008-06-04 GB GB0810219A patent/GB2460674A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-06-02 ES ES09757799.3T patent/ES2603581T3/en active Active
- 2009-06-02 NZ NZ590165A patent/NZ590165A/en unknown
- 2009-06-02 US US12/737,074 patent/US20110072751A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-06-02 CA CA2726735A patent/CA2726735C/en active Active
- 2009-06-02 AU AU2009254997A patent/AU2009254997B2/en active Active
- 2009-06-02 WO PCT/GB2009/050603 patent/WO2009147427A2/en active Application Filing
- 2009-06-02 EP EP09757799.3A patent/EP2313575B1/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2009147427A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2603581T3 (en) | 2017-02-28 |
EP2313575B1 (en) | 2016-08-17 |
GB0810219D0 (en) | 2008-07-09 |
WO2009147427A2 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
GB2460674A (en) | 2009-12-09 |
CA2726735A1 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
WO2009147427A3 (en) | 2010-01-28 |
CA2726735C (en) | 2017-07-18 |
AU2009254997A1 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
NZ590165A (en) | 2012-06-29 |
WO2009147427A4 (en) | 2010-03-25 |
AU2009254997B2 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
US20110072751A1 (en) | 2011-03-31 |
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