EP2297776A4 - Sandwich piezoelectric device with solid copper electrode - Google Patents

Sandwich piezoelectric device with solid copper electrode

Info

Publication number
EP2297776A4
EP2297776A4 EP08771997A EP08771997A EP2297776A4 EP 2297776 A4 EP2297776 A4 EP 2297776A4 EP 08771997 A EP08771997 A EP 08771997A EP 08771997 A EP08771997 A EP 08771997A EP 2297776 A4 EP2297776 A4 EP 2297776A4
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piezoelectric device
copper electrode
solid copper
sandwich piezoelectric
sandwich
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08771997A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2297776A1 (en
EP2297776B1 (en
Inventor
David Alan Weston
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Michelin Recherche et Technique SA France
Original Assignee
Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Michelin Recherche et Technique SA France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland, Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA, Michelin Recherche et Technique SA France filed Critical Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland
Publication of EP2297776A1 publication Critical patent/EP2297776A1/en
Publication of EP2297776A4 publication Critical patent/EP2297776A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2297776B1 publication Critical patent/EP2297776B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10NELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N30/00Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/80Constructional details
    • H10N30/87Electrodes or interconnections, e.g. leads or terminals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10NELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N30/00Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/80Constructional details
    • H10N30/88Mounts; Supports; Enclosures; Casings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10NELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N30/00Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/30Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with mechanical input and electrical output, e.g. functioning as generators or sensors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/42Piezoelectric device making
EP08771997.7A 2008-06-26 2008-06-26 Sandwich piezoelectric device with solid copper electrode Active EP2297776B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2008/068290 WO2009157930A1 (en) 2008-06-26 2008-06-26 Sandwich piezoelectric device with solid copper electrode

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2297776A1 EP2297776A1 (en) 2011-03-23
EP2297776A4 true EP2297776A4 (en) 2013-02-27
EP2297776B1 EP2297776B1 (en) 2017-03-08

Family

ID=41444812

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08771997.7A Active EP2297776B1 (en) 2008-06-26 2008-06-26 Sandwich piezoelectric device with solid copper electrode

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8546998B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2297776B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102077332B (en)
BR (1) BRPI0822814A8 (en)
WO (1) WO2009157930A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4944145B2 (en) * 2009-03-19 2012-05-30 太陽誘電株式会社 Piezoelectric thin film resonator, filter, communication module, communication device
US20140312737A1 (en) * 2011-03-07 2014-10-23 Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh Layer composite comprising electroactive layers
JP6342896B2 (en) * 2012-11-15 2018-06-13 コンパニー ゼネラール デ エタブリッスマン ミシュラン 1-up 1-down connection structure for piezoelectric elements in tire patches
JP6079931B2 (en) * 2014-04-18 2017-02-15 株式会社村田製作所 Press sensor
CN104108532B (en) * 2014-06-23 2016-08-24 华中科技大学 A kind of composite packaging product possessing self energizing electronic display elements
US20160027989A1 (en) * 2014-07-24 2016-01-28 Mide Technology Corporation Robust piezoelectric fluid moving devices and methods
JP2022179135A (en) * 2021-05-21 2022-12-02 キオクシア株式会社 Semiconductor device
US20240072687A1 (en) * 2022-08-23 2024-02-29 Tdk Corporation Energy harvesting module and method of making an energy harvesting module

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2483677A (en) * 1946-06-24 1949-10-04 Brush Dev Co Moistureproof piezoelectric crystal and method of making same
EP0926387A2 (en) * 1997-12-26 1999-06-30 United Technologies Corporation Method and apparatus for damping vibration in turbomachine components
US20050248237A1 (en) * 2000-10-19 2005-11-10 Dlr Deutsches Zentrum Fuer Luft- Und Raumfahrt E.V. Electromechanical functional module and associated process

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3046423A (en) * 1958-10-09 1962-07-24 Bliley Electric Company High shock and vibration resistant piezoelectric crystal units
US3167668A (en) * 1961-10-02 1965-01-26 Nesh Florence Piezoelectric transducers
US4190785A (en) * 1976-12-09 1980-02-26 Essex Transducers Corporation Pressure sensitive signal generator using piezoelectric coating
US4814661A (en) * 1986-05-23 1989-03-21 Washington State University Research Foundation, Inc. Systems for measurement and analysis of forces exerted during human locomotion
US5213739A (en) * 1991-06-26 1993-05-25 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Process for bonding elastomers to metals
US5288551A (en) * 1991-08-09 1994-02-22 Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Flexible piezoelectric device
US6093997A (en) * 1998-08-03 2000-07-25 Cts Corporation Embedded piezoelectric resonator
JP4327942B2 (en) 1999-05-20 2009-09-09 Tdk株式会社 Thin film piezoelectric element
JP2002141576A (en) * 2000-11-02 2002-05-17 Fujitsu Ltd Jointing method piezo element and electrode, and piezo micro actuator using it
US6639150B1 (en) * 2002-04-23 2003-10-28 Clarisay, Inc. Hermetic package for surface acoustic wave device having exposed device substrate contacts and method of manufacturing the same
AU2003250294A1 (en) * 2002-07-19 2004-03-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device and method for detecting a substance with the aid of a high frequency piezo-acoustic thin film resonator
NL1023559C2 (en) * 2003-05-28 2004-11-30 Tno Semi-finished product intended to be mounted on a vibrating wall or panel for actively damping vibrations of the wall, wall or panel provided with such a semi-finished product, system provided with a semi-finished product and a control unit, wall or panel provided with a control unit and method for damping audible vibrations from a wall or panel.
JP2005184767A (en) * 2003-11-27 2005-07-07 Seiko Epson Corp Method of manufacturing tuning-fork type piezoelectric vibrating piece and tuning-fork type piezoelectric vibrator
JP2008519732A (en) 2004-11-12 2008-06-12 ソシエテ ドゥ テクノロジー ミシュラン Mesa-type mounting patch for attaching rigid structures to tires
US7832093B2 (en) * 2007-06-11 2010-11-16 Kent State University Method of creating an electro-mechanical energy conversion device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2483677A (en) * 1946-06-24 1949-10-04 Brush Dev Co Moistureproof piezoelectric crystal and method of making same
EP0926387A2 (en) * 1997-12-26 1999-06-30 United Technologies Corporation Method and apparatus for damping vibration in turbomachine components
US20050248237A1 (en) * 2000-10-19 2005-11-10 Dlr Deutsches Zentrum Fuer Luft- Und Raumfahrt E.V. Electromechanical functional module and associated process

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO2009157930A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2297776A1 (en) 2011-03-23
US8546998B2 (en) 2013-10-01
CN102077332B (en) 2014-05-14
EP2297776B1 (en) 2017-03-08
US20110084574A1 (en) 2011-04-14
BRPI0822814A8 (en) 2017-12-19
WO2009157930A1 (en) 2009-12-30
BRPI0822814A2 (en) 2015-06-30
CN102077332A (en) 2011-05-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2341824A4 (en) Contoured electrode
EP2320221A4 (en) Electrode
EP2372904A4 (en) Power amplication device
EP2312158A4 (en) Piezoelectric microblower
EP2256923A4 (en) Piezoelectric device
EP2267746A4 (en) Contact device
GB0808389D0 (en) Electrically actuated injector
EP2276043A4 (en) Electrochemical device
EP2310907A4 (en) Conductive multilayer stack
EP2249411A4 (en) Layered structure
PL2340093T3 (en) Electrically conducting building element
GB0718620D0 (en) Membrane electrode assembly
EP2139616A4 (en) Novel electrode
EP2264851A4 (en) Cell assembly monitor device
EP2262094A4 (en) Piezoelectric power-generating unit
HK1192796A1 (en) Light-emitting device with improved electrode structures
EP2352640A4 (en) Conductive laminated assembly
EP2240317A4 (en) Thermally conductive structure
ZA201101475B (en) Electrochemical device
EP2297776A4 (en) Sandwich piezoelectric device with solid copper electrode
EP2408046A4 (en) Conductive sheet and electrode
GB2454508B (en) Electrode structures
TWI373166B (en) Electrical contact
TWI341628B (en) Contact structure and bonding structure
EP2258605A4 (en) Power steering device

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20101217

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA MK RS

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: COMPAGNIE GENERALE DES ETABLISSEMENTS MICHELIN

Owner name: MICHELIN RECHERCHE ET TECHNIQUE S.A.

A4 Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched

Effective date: 20130124

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: H01L 41/047 20060101AFI20130118BHEP

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20160316

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R079

Ref document number: 602008049097

Country of ref document: DE

Free format text: PREVIOUS MAIN CLASS: H01L0021476300

Ipc: H01L0041047000

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: H01L 41/047 20060101AFI20161114BHEP

Ipc: H01L 41/053 20060101ALI20161114BHEP

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20161205

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 874253

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20170315

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602008049097

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 10

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20170308

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170608

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170609

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 874253

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20170308

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170608

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170710

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170708

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602008049097

Country of ref document: DE

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20171211

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20170626

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170626

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170630

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170630

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170626

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170626

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20170630

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 11

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170626

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20080626

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170308

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R079

Ref document number: 602008049097

Country of ref document: DE

Free format text: PREVIOUS MAIN CLASS: H01L0041047000

Ipc: H10N0030870000

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20230620

Year of fee payment: 16

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20230620

Year of fee payment: 16

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R081

Ref document number: 602008049097

Country of ref document: DE

Owner name: COMPAGNIE GENERALE DES ETABLISSEMENTS MICHELIN, FR

Free format text: FORMER OWNERS: COMPAGNIE GENERALE DES ETABLISSEMENTS MICHELIN, CLERMONT-FERRAND, FR; MICHELIN RECHERCHE ET TECHNIQUE S.A., GRANGES-PACCOT, CH