Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
  • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
  • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
  • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
  • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
  • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
  • F01N3/0871—Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
  • F01N9/002—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus of filter regeneration, e.g. detection of clogging
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
  • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
  • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
  • F02D41/024—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
  • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
  • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
  • F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
  • F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
  • F01N2560/025—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting O2, e.g. lambda sensors
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
  • F01N2560/08—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a pressure sensor
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
  • F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
  • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
  • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
  • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
  • F01N3/0231—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using special exhaust apparatus upstream of the filter for producing nitrogen dioxide, e.g. for continuous filter regeneration systems [CRT]
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
  • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
  • F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
  • F02D2200/0802—Temperature of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus
  • F02D2200/0804—Estimation of the temperature of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
  • F02D2250/11—Oil dilution, i.e. prevention thereof or special controls according thereto
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
  • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
  • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
  • F02D41/1473—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the regulation method
  • F02D41/1475—Regulating the air fuel ratio at a value other than stoichiometry
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
  • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
  • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Definitions

• a method of regenerating a post-processing system by fractionating wealth is provided.
• the present invention generally relates to exhaust aftertreatment systems of an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine, and, in particular, the regeneration of the after-treatment systems.
• a point is chosen. of engine operation favorable to the regeneration process.
• the regeneration is preceded by a heating phase of the system in order to obtain the minimum temperature above which it is effective.
• a first strategy uses preheating systems such as air pumps, electrical resistors, an additional injector to the exhaust, while another strategy optimizes the operation of the engine to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas.
• GB 2324052 A (Ford) discloses a method of regenerating a post-treatment system comprising a three-way catalyst and a nitrogen oxide trap connected in series, the nitrogen oxide trap.
• the method consists in controlling the richness of the air / fuel mixture of the engine during the temperature rise phase as a function of oxygen consumption and renewal cycles in the nitrogen oxide trap.
• a relatively poor mixture is injected for a time sufficient for the oxygen to be stored in the nitrogen oxide trap.
• a relatively rich mixture is then injected into the cylinders for a sufficient time so that the resulting excess fuel in the exhaust gas first reacts completely with the oxygen stored in the three - way catalyst, and then the surplus The remaining fuel passes through the three - way catalyst to react with the oxygen stored in the nitrogen oxide trap, thereby releasing heat and raising the temperature of the nitrogen oxide trap.
• This mode of operation should be maintained for approximately 5 minutes before the nitrogen oxide trap reaches the regeneration temperature.
• the engine must also be maintained in an operating mode in which excess fuel is obtained for a period of time long enough to purge the trap.
• US patent application 2005/0076637 discloses another type of regeneration method of an exhaust line in wherein a lean air / fuel mixture is introduced into the internal combustion engine by additionally injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of the engine after the primary injection.
• the richness of the air / fuel mixture of the engine is cyclically modulated during the temperature rise phase by following the oxygen consumption and renewal cycles in the catalyst.
• the probability of maintaining favorable purging conditions is inversely proportional to the heating time of the post-treatment system. Therefore, whatever the heating strategy used, the objective is to reach as quickly as possible the temperature from which the post-treatment system is effective in order to increase desulfurization opportunities and to limit the dilution of fuel in the oil.
• one method consists of injecting fuel into the combustion chamber, creating no torque, after the top dead center, while maintaining a richness (air mixture / fuel) below 1. Indeed, increasing the richness of the gases causes a rise in temperature and exotherm in the catalytic part of the post-treatment systems, due to the oxidation of the lean mixture reducers. (air / fuel ratio greater than 1).
• the aim of the invention is thus to accelerate the temperature rise of the aftertreatment systems present at the exhaust by acting directly on the richness of the gases leaving the engine.
• the object of the invention is therefore a regeneration method of a gas post-treatment system of an exhaust line of an internal combustion engine by raising the temperature of the post-treatment system to a maximum regeneration temperature.
• the richness of the air / fuel mixture is varied by implementing successive phases of injection of relatively rich and poor mixtures independently of the consumption and the renewal of oxygen in the exhaust line.
• the relatively rich mixture remains established for a time within a range of 0.5s to 2s, and the relatively poor mixture remains established during a time in the same interval from 0.5s to 2s. This time is previously defined, and does not require additional sensors that would add to the cost of production.
• the increase in richness of the mixture at each new cycle can be done for example by injecting fuel upstream of the post-treatment system.
• the invention also relates, in another aspect, to a gas post-treatment system of an exhaust line of an internal combustion engine comprising means for raising the temperature of the aftertreatment system to a regeneration temperature.
• this system comprises means for varying the richness of the air / fuel mixture and means for implementing successive phases of injection of relatively rich and poor mixtures regardless of consumption or renewal of oxygen in the exhaust line to raise the temperature of the aftertreatment system to the regeneration temperature.
• the system may comprise an additional fuel injector placed at the inlet of the gas aftertreatment system intended to increase the richness of the air / fuel mixture during a purge phase of the post-treatment system.
• the device comprises a temperature probe placed between the nitrogen oxide trap and the particle filter.
• the device comprises a temperature probe at the inlet of the post-treatment system.
• This temperature probe is placed between the additional injector and the nitrogen oxide trap, as close as possible to the trap, in the case of an additional injector enrichment system.
• the device of the invention comprises an oxygen probe placed at the outlet of the nitrogen oxide trap.
• This oxygen sensor placed downstream of the nitrogen oxide trap makes it possible to detect the purges of the trap and to check the state of said trap during onboard diagnostics.
• the device of the invention comprises an oxygen probe placed upstream of the nitrogen oxide trap.
• This oxygen sensor is also placed upstream of the additional injector in the case of a wealth increase by additional injector.
• This oxygen sensor which makes it possible to measure the fractionation of the richness of the air / fuel mixture upstream of the additional injector, makes it possible to construct a setpoint by estimation for the control relating to the operation of the nitrogen oxide trap.
• FIG. 1 illustrates the evolution of the temperature on the upstream face of a nitrogen oxide trap during a rich / poor transition of the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine.
• FIG. 2 illustrates a post processing architecture implementing the regeneration method according to the invention.
• FIG. 4 represents curves of temperature and dilution of the fuel in the oil as a function of time, in the case of heating by rapid fractionation of the richness.
• FIG. 1 shows the temperature variation of a monolith (c 1), during a test phase, at low hourly volumetric speed, during a rich / poor transition.
• a monolith c 1
• Trp rich / poor transition
• the temperature of the monolith increases before decreasing towards the stabilized temperature of the lean state. This phase is exploited to increase the heating rate of the monolith.
• FIG. 2 represents an architecture according to the invention, designated by the general numerical reference 1, intended for the post-treatment of the exhaust gases and therefore intended to be placed at the outlet of an internal combustion engine 2.
• the exhaust gases are discharged through the aftertreatment system, which is composed of a nitrogen oxide trap 3 and a particulate filter 4.
• the temperature of the aftertreatment system is controlled at input by a first temperature sensor 5 and entering the particle filter with a last temperature probe 6.
• the state of the nitrogen oxide trap and therefore the need or not to regenerate the trap is controlled using an oxygen sensor 7 placed at the exit of the trap.
• the contamination of the particulate filter is controlled by means of a system for measuring the differential pressure 9 between the inlet of the particulate filter and its outlet.
• an additional fuel injector 10 is placed at the inlet of the nitrogen oxide trap in this example.
• the richness of the mixture can also be achieved by post-injection of fuel into the cylinders.
• the fractionation of the richness of the air / fuel mixture is measured with the aid of an oxygen probe 13 placed upstream of the nitrogen oxide trap 3 and the additional fuel injector 10.
• An electronic control unit 12 duly programmed ensures the control of the main injection system and, in particular, monitors the fouling of the after-treatment systems, that is to say the particle filter from the differential pressure prevailing on both sides. other of the filter.
• the filter temperature is raised to a regeneration temperature. This temperature rise is for example obtained by injecting an air / fuel mixture into the exhaust line by means of the injector 10.
• the temperature in a monolith begins to increase before decreasing towards the stabilized temperature of the lean state.
• the temperature rise is here obtained by exploiting this temperature increase phase preceding the lowering of the temperature in order to increase the heating rate of the filter.
• Figure 4 represents the temperature (c2 ') and dilution (c3') curves of the fuel in the oil as a function of time, in the case of fractionation heating according to the invention of the richness. It is noted that after 40s of heating, the temperature on the upstream face of the nitrogen oxide trap reaches 658 ° C. in fractional mode, whereas it reaches only 564 ° C. in constant richness mode, which represents a 96 ° C gain.
• the regeneration method which has just been described can be adapted to any post-treatment architecture provided with a nitrogen oxide trap, a particle filter, an additional injector, of a pre-treatment temperature probe and an input temperature sensor of the particulate filter, an oxygen sensor at the outlet of the nitrogen oxide trap, a differential pressure sensor at the particle filter, and an electronic control unit driving these elements.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
• Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
• Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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Family Cites Families (7)

• 2008
  • 2008-05-07 FR FR0853043A patent/FR2930968B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2009
  • 2009-04-01 WO PCT/FR2009/050559 patent/WO2009136029A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2009-04-01 EP EP09742227A patent/EP2286073A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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