EP2281948B1 - Road structure with improved adhesion - Google Patents
Road structure with improved adhesion Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2281948B1 EP2281948B1 EP09164780A EP09164780A EP2281948B1 EP 2281948 B1 EP2281948 B1 EP 2281948B1 EP 09164780 A EP09164780 A EP 09164780A EP 09164780 A EP09164780 A EP 09164780A EP 2281948 B1 EP2281948 B1 EP 2281948B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- adhesive composition
- solid
- plastic film
- primer
- room temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
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Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/08—Damp-proof or other insulating layers; Drainage arrangements or devices ; Bridge deck surfacings
- E01D19/083—Waterproofing of bridge decks; Other insulations for bridges, e.g. thermal ; Bridge deck surfacings
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of roadway sealing on a support structure.
- a starting point for solving this problem lies in the use of mastic asphalt as an adhesive between plastic layer and bituminous base course.
- these systems had the great disadvantage that first the mastic asphalt must be applied at high temperature and the bituminous base course can be applied only after cooling, which on the one hand extended and more expensive because of this additional step, the creation of the sealing or creation process of the road.
- WO 2008/095215 avoids the problem by using a concrete pavement. It discloses a concrete carriageway on a concrete support structure with an interposed plastic film and an adhesive layer between the plastic film and concrete carriageway. In order to ensure the adhesion of the concrete pavement with the adhesive layer in this case the spreading of quartz sand is proposed in the adhesive layer before its hardening.
- AT 413 990 B proposes, in order to improve the bond between the plastic film and the bituminous base layer, the use of a polyurethane-based adhesive primer onto which loose granules of synthetic resin are sprinkled.
- the spreading of granules involves some problems; in particular, during or after the spreading of the granules, in particular on wind-exposed concrete support structures, for example, large amounts of granules can be torn away, which leads to unwanted material losses or uncontrolled adhesion losses.
- it has been shown that such systems tend to shear bond strongly to adhesive fracture between granules and asphalt. The occurrence of adhesive fracture is always a sign of lack of adhesion and can lead to delamination or leakage especially after prolonged environmental exposure.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a roadway structure available, which can be easily and efficiently created and leads to a high adhesion between plastic film and bituminous base layer to a good bond and adhesion test under shear stress to high content of cohesive fracture in the Asphalt leads.
- the core of the present invention is the combination of a solid epoxy resin and a solid at room temperature thermoplastic polymer as an essential constituent of the necessary adhesive composition.
- the present invention makes it possible to massively increase the proportion of cohesive fracture in the asphalt.
- the critical point is the inherent strength of the asphalt rather than adhesion.
- the adhesive bond also remains intact over the long term and that the formation of delamination of the bitumen-based support layer, and thus the formation of cracks and leaks, can be massively reduced.
- Such a support structure is preferably a building of civil engineering.
- this may be a bridge, a gallery, a tunnel, a ramp or departure ramp or a parking deck.
- a preferred example of such a support structure is a bridge.
- This required for the roadway supporting structure is a structure of a material which may have a supporting function.
- this material is a metal or a metal alloy or a concrete, in particular a reinforced concrete, preferably a reinforced concrete.
- the most preferred example of such a support structure is a concrete bridge.
- a primer in particular a concrete primer, is applied to the support structure in step (i).
- a “primer” in this document is generally understood to mean a thin layer of a polymer applied to a substrate, which improves the adhesion between this substrate and another substrate.
- a primer has a flowable consistency at room temperature and is applied to the substrate by brushing, painting, rolling, spraying, casting or brushing. It should be noted that the term “flowable” here will refer not only to liquid, but also to higher viscosity honey-like to pasty materials whose shape is adjusted under the influence of gravity.
- room temperature in this document means a temperature of 23 ° C.
- concrete primer a thin layer of a polymer applied to the concrete, which the adhesion of Improved concrete to another substrate.
- concrete primer apply primer based on epoxy resin.
- the concrete primers are highly fluid, in particular having a viscosity of less than 10,000 mPas, preferably between 10 and 1,000 mPas, so that they can penetrate into the concrete surface.
- Particularly preferred concrete primers are two-component, low-viscosity, epoxy resin primers, such as those sold under the trade name Sikafloor® or Sikagard® by Sika Deutschland GmbH, or Sika Buch AG.
- Particularly preferred concrete primers are Sikafloor®-156 Primer and Sikagard®-186.
- plastic primer in this document is meant a thin layer of a polymer applied to the plastic film, which improves the adhesion of plastic film to another substrate.
- plastic primer apply primer based on epoxy resin.
- step (i) and step (ii) in the primer preferably in the concrete primer, inorganic bedding agents, in particular sand, preferably quartz sand, are interspersed.
- inorganic bedding agents in particular sand, preferably quartz sand
- this inorganic bedding agent has a maximum particle size of less than 1 mm, in particular between 0.1 and 1 mm, preferably between 0.3 and 0.8 mm.
- the amount of such bedding agents should be such that the primer is not completely covered, but that there are always places in the structure where the primer is in direct contact with the plastic film.
- the use of bedding agent is advantageous for the bond between plastic film and primer, or the support structure.
- the primer at least partially flows around the grain surface and thus a larger contact surface between the plastic film and primer is created, and / or that is strongly locally reinforced by the inorganic spreading means, the primer layer, so that be transmitted and / or that are made by the Einstreusch a purely mechanical anchoring between the plastic film and primer by the integrated into the matrix of the primer grains lead to a roughened primer surface and these grains in the Embed the surface of the preferably elastic plastic film.
- the plastic film receives a significantly larger contact surface, since it is applied to a primer surface, which has a significantly larger surface area due to the roughening caused by the roasting agent.
- the average layer thickness of the primer is typically between 100 micrometers and 10 millimeters, advantageously the average layer thickness of the primer layer is less than 3 mm, preferably between 0.3 and 2 mm.
- step (ii) a plastic film is applied to the support structure primed after step (i).
- the plastic film should be as waterproof as possible and even under prolonged influence of water or moisture, do not decompose or be mechanically damaged.
- plastic films in particular such films are suitable, as they are used for sealing purposes, especially for the roof construction or for the bridge sealing purpose in the prior art.
- the plastic films are made of a material having a softening point of about 140 ° C, preferably between 160 ° C and 300 ° C.
- the plastic film should advantageously have at least a low degree of elasticity, for example, can bridge caused by temperature expansion differences between asphalt and support structure or caused by cracks in the support structure or the support layer voltages without the plastic film is damaged or cracked and would impair the sealing function of the plastic film ,
- plastic films based on polyurethanes or polyureas or poly (meth) acrylates or epoxy resins are particularly preferred.
- the plastic film can be used as a prefabricated web.
- the plastic film is preferably produced by an industrial process in a film factory and arrives at the construction site preferably in the form of plastic film from a roll used. It is advantageous if, in this case, the plastic film is brought into contact with the primer before its complete hardening or hardening.
- the plastic film can also be produced on site, for example by a crosslinking reaction of reactive components which are mixed and applied on site. Particularly advantageous have sprayed plastic films proven.
- the plastic film advantageously has a layer thickness in the millimeter range, typically between 0.5 and 15 mm, preferably between 1 and 4 mm.
- plastic film are polyurethane films, in particular sprayed films of two-component polyurethanes.
- Plastic primers used are, in particular, primers based on two-component polyurethanes or epoxides, preferably epoxides.
- the core of the present invention is the guarantee of the bond between the plastic film and the bituminous base layer by means of the application of a specific adhesive composition.
- solid epoxy resin is well known to the person skilled in the art and is used in contrast to "liquid epoxy resins".
- the glass transition temperature of solid resins is above room temperature, i. they can be ground at room temperature to give pourable powders.
- Preferred solid epoxy resins have the formula (I)
- substituents R 'and R are independently of one another either H or CH 3. Furthermore, the subscript s stands for a value of> 1.5, in particular from 2 to 12.
- Such solid epoxy resins are commercially available for example under the trade name D.E.R. TM or Araldite® or Epikote from Dow or Huntsman or Hexion and accordingly the person skilled in the best known.
- thermoplastic polymer which is solid at room temperature is a polymeric material at room temperature which softens at a temperature above one of the softening point and finally becomes fluid.
- softening temperatures or softening points are understood in particular as measured by the Ring & Ball method according to DIN ISO 4625.
- thermoplastic polymer which is solid at room temperature has a softening point in the range from 80 ° C. to 150 ° C., in particular from 90 ° C. to 130 ° C.
- thermoplastic polymers which have a softening point which is at least 25 ° C. below the temperature of the bituminous base layer measured in step (iv) during application are particularly advantageous.
- monomers which are selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, butylene, butadiene, isoprene, acrylonitrile, vinyl esters, in particular vinyl acetate, vinyl ethers, allyl ethers , (Meth) acrylic acid, (meth) acrylic acid esters, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, maleic acid esters, fumaric
- copolymers which are prepared only from the monomers of the group just mentioned.
- graft-modified copolymers of olefinically unsaturated monomers in particular the graft-modified copolymers of the preceding section.
- APAO atactic poly- ⁇ -olefins
- thermoplastic polymers are ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA), in particular those having a vinyl acetate content of less than 50% by weight, in particular having a vinyl acetate content of between 10 and 40% by weight, preferably between 20 and 35 Wt .-%, most preferably between 27 and 32 wt .-%.
- EVA ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers
- thermoplastic polymers which are solid at room temperature are used, which preferably have a different chemical composition.
- one of these two different thermoplastic polymers is an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer.
- thermoplastic polymer is a copolymer in whose preparation maleic acid or maleic anhydride has been used as monomer or as grafting reagent.
- the weight ratio of solid epoxy resin to thermoplastic polymer which is solid at room temperature is preferably between 1: 2 and 1:10, preferably between 1: 4 and 1: 8.
- the adhesive composition comprises a tackifier resin, in particular based on hydrocarbon resins, preferably aliphatic hydrocarbon resins, in particular as sold for example by the company Exxon Mobil under the trade name Escorez TM.
- the adhesive composition further contains a chemical or physical blowing agent.
- exothermic blowing agents such as azo compounds, hydrazine derivatives, semicarbazides or tetrazoles.
- exothermic blowing agents such as azo compounds, hydrazine derivatives, semicarbazides or tetrazoles.
- azodicarbonamide and oxy-bis (benzenesulfonyl hydrazide) which release energy during decomposition.
- endothermic blowing agents such as, for example, sodium bicarbonate / citric acid mixtures.
- Such chemical blowing agents are available, for example, under the name Celogen TM from Chemtura.
- physical blowing agents such as those sold under the trade name Expancel TM by Akzo Nobel.
- blowing agents are those available under the trade name Expancel TM from Akzo Nobel or Celogen TM from Chemtura.
- Preferred blowing agents are chemical blowing agents which release a gas on heating, in particular to a temperature of 100 to 160 ° C.
- the amount of the physical or chemical blowing agent is in particular in the range of 0.1 to 3% by weight, based on the weight of the adhesive composition.
- the adhesive composition may in particular contain epoxide crosslinking catalysts and / or curing agents for epoxy resins, which is activated by elevated temperature.
- epoxide crosslinking catalysts and / or curing agents for epoxy resins which is activated by elevated temperature.
- these are selected from the group consisting of dicyandiamide, guanamines, guanidines, aminoguanidines and their derivatives; substituted ureas, in particular 3- (3-chloro-4-methylphenyl) -1,1-dimethylurea (chlorotoluron), or phenyl-dimethylureas, in particular p-chlorophenyl-N, N-dimethylurea (monuron), 3-phenyl-1, 1-dimethylurea (fenuron), 3,4-dichlorophenyl-N, N-dimethylurea (diuron), N, N-dimethylurea, N-iso-butyl-N '
- heat-activatable hardeners are preferably activatable at a temperature of 80-160.degree. C., in particular of 85.degree. C. to 150.degree. C., preferably of 90-140.degree.
- dicyandiamide is used in combination with a substituted urea.
- the adhesive composition may additionally contain other constituents already in addition to the constituents mentioned, for example biocides, stabilizers, in particular heat stabilizers, plasticizers, pigments, adhesion promoters, in particular organosilanes, reactive binders, solvents, rheology modifiers, fillers or fibers, in particular glass, carbon, Cellulose, cotton or synthetic synthetic fibers, preferably fibers of polyester or of a homo- or copolymers of ethylene and / or propylene or of viscose.
- the fibers can be used as short fibers or long fibers, or in the form of spun, woven or non-woven fiber materials.
- the use of fibers is particularly advantageous for improving the mechanical reinforcement, in particular if at least some of the fibers consist of tensile or high-tensile fibers, in particular glass, carbon or aramids.
- the adhesive composition is advantageously used in the form of granules, preferably with a granule diameter of 1 to 10 mm, in particular of 3 to 6 mm.
- this adhesive composition is used in combination with a plastic film produced locally as described above, and applied within the open time of this plastic film produced, for example, by a crosslinking reaction of reactive components.
- the application of the adhesive composition is preferably carried out by sprinkling in the not yet fully reacted and at least slightly tacky plastic film. This has the great advantage that the spread adhesive composition remains stuck to the surface of the plastic film and unwanted removal, for example by wind, of the adhesive composition can be largely prevented.
- a plastic primer is applied to the plastic film applied in step (ii) in step (ii a), in which the adhesive composition is applied within the open time of the plastic primer.
- the application of the adhesive composition is preferably carried out by sprinkling in the not yet reacted and at least slightly sticky plastic primer. This has the great advantage that the spread adhesive composition remains stuck to the surface of the adhering to the plastic film plastic primer and unwanted removal, for example by wind, the adhesive composition can be largely prevented.
- the adhesive composition is used in the form of a film. This is done in the form of applying the adhesive composition in the form of a thin film.
- Such an adhesive composition film can be produced, for example, in a film factory by at least partial melting of the adhesive composition and subsequent extrusion or calendering. At most, it may also be advantageous if this adhesive composition film contains a fiber fabric or fleece or connected to a fiber fabric or fleece, z. B. an-extruidert, is. After cooling, this film can be easily rolled and thus easily stored or transported. Thus, the adhesive composition is simply on the site and can be unrolled and cut to the required dimensions. This is a very cost and time efficient work step. Basically, the surface of such an adhesive composition film is tack-free.
- an adhesive composition film has the great advantage that the adhesive composition is distributed over a large area and homogeneously and that the unwanted removal, for example by wind, of the adhesive composition can be largely prevented. It may also be helpful if a pressure sensitive adhesive is applied to one surface of such an adhesive composition film to achieve better fixation of the adhesive composition film to the plastic film during pavement fabrication. In this case, the use of a release paper is particularly recommended to prevent accidental sticking of the individual layers with each other, especially when they are rolled.
- the adhesive composition is applied in a molten state to the plastic film applied in step (ii). This is typically done by melting the adhesive composition in place by means of a warm-up device and, for example, sprayed or whisked in the molten state. Upon cooling, the adhesive composition solidifies into a thin film adhered to the plastic film.
- the adhesive composition is a dispersion in which at least solid epoxy resin and thermoplastic polymer are present as a solid phase in a liquid phase.
- the adhesive composition in step (iii) is applied directly to the plastic film.
- the liquid phase is formed in particular by a liquid reactive binder, preferably a binder based on two-component epoxides, which at most still have solvents or plasticizers.
- a film is formed which binds the solid parts of the dispersion. This has the great advantage that these solids content of the adhesive composition remain stuck to the surface of the plastic film and an unwanted removal, for example by wind, the adhesive composition can be largely prevented.
- step (iv) a bituminous base support layer is applied.
- this bituminous base support layer is applied directly to the adhesive composition.
- This base layer represents the road surface, which is in direct contact with vehicles.
- the bituminous base layer is heated prior to application to a temperature of typically 140 ° C to 160 ° C and preferably rolled by means of a roll.
- the application of the bituminous support layer is well known to the person skilled in the art and will therefore not be discussed further here.
- the base layer can have the other possible components known to those skilled in the art.
- One skilled in the art will be well aware of the nature and amount of the constituents of bitumen-based compositions used in pavement construction. Of particular importance here is the fact that the support layer usually to a significant extent mineral fillers, especially sand or grit have.
- the thermoplastic polymer which is solid at room temperature, and any other fusible components of the adhesive composition will melt or melt depending on their melting point. If it melts, they can form a largely homogeneous thermoplastic layer or dissolve in the bitumen near the surface and form a thermoplastic-containing boundary phase layer. Thus, it is well within the spirit of the present invention that the adhesive composition need not necessarily form a discrete and individual layer. If the adhesive composition comprises a chemical or physical blowing agent, upon contacting the molten bitumen with the adhesive composition the propellant is activated and in particular a gas is released. It was found that the adhesion improvement is thereby further improved by observing the proportion of cohesive breakage during testing. The reason for this detention improvement is not yet clear. Gas evolution is believed to modify the bitumen structure at the interface, which in particular achieves better mechanical entanglement of bitumen and adhesive composition.
- the roadway construction produced in this way has the significant advantage that a long-lasting bond between the individual layers is ensured among each other, that it remains dimensionally stable for a long time even under heavy axle loads.
- the bond between the plastic film and the bitumen has been greatly improved over the prior art. This results in significantly less fatigue cracks that could affect the Abdichtfunktion the roadway structure.
- This method presented here thus not only saves time in the manufacture of the roadway structure, but brings further savings in maintenance, since the repair or renewal intervals means can be extended.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of the adhesive composition described above in detail for increasing the adhesion of bitumen to plastic.
- the adhesive layer is in this case based on at least one solid epoxy resin and at least one solid at room temperature thermoplastic polymer.
- the modified region of the plastic film and / or base layer in the interface region between the plastic film and the base layer is modified here with at least one solid epoxy resin and at least one thermoplastic polymer which is solid at room temperature.
- either a discrete intermediate layer of the adhesive composition is formed during manufacture and forms the adhesive layer, or the plastic film and / or backing layer are modified by the adhesive composition such that the composition of the near-surface region of plastic film and / or backing layer chemically differs from the composition the area remote from the plastic film and / or base layer differs.
- the thickness of the modified region is highly dependent on the migration ability of the ingredients contained in the adhesive composition and the temperature of the bitumen in the application and its cooling behavior duration. For example, the migration ability is also dependent on the molecular weight and polarity of these constituents. Usually, the boundary of this modified area is not sharp but gradually formed.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross section through a concrete support structure 2 with applied concrete primer 3 and plastic film 4.
- a two-component epoxy resin concrete primer 3 was applied to the concrete support structure 2 in a first step (i).
- a quartz sand in Fig. 1 not shown
- a two-component polyurethane plastic film 4 was sprayed in a layer thickness of 4 mm.
- FIG. 1 shows the situation of the roadway structure after step (ii).
- FIG. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the application of the adhesive composition 5.
- the plastic film 4 was produced on site, in particular as a sprayable 2-component polyurethane film.
- the adhesive composition 5 is interspersed as a form of granules 5 'within, in particular towards the end, the open time of the plastic film 5 on the surface thereof. Since the plastic film is not yet fully reacted, they stick to the surface of the still sticky plastic film, or the granules 5 'sink easily into the plastic films and are thus integrated and fixed during the Ausreagieren of the plastic film in the plastic film surface.
- FIG. 3 shows another preferred embodiment of applying the adhesive composition 5.
- a plastic primer 6 is applied to the plastic film 4.
- the plastic primer in this case preferably has a reactive binder, so that a crosslinking reaction occurs by a chemical reaction.
- the adhesive composition 5 is interspersed as a form of granules 5 'within, in particular towards the end, the open-time plastic primer 6 on its surface. Since the plastic primer is not yet completely reacted, sticking to the surface of the still sticky plastic primer, or the granules 5 'sink slightly into the plastic primer and are so incorporated and fixed during the Ausreagieren the plastic primer in the plastic primer.
- FIG. 4 shows another preferred embodiment of applying the adhesive composition 5.
- the adhesive composition is applied in the form of a film 5 "The film was prepared by melting and extruding the adhesive composition in a film factory then a pressure sensitive adhesive 9 (pressure sensitive adhesive) applied and covered with a release film 10 and then rolled up. Such a role is now brought to the construction site if necessary, the film is unrolled and cut in the correct length and width and placed on the plastic film 4. When this laying the release film 10 is now deducted. In the FIG. 4 the deduction direction is indicated by a gray arrow. By removing the film, the pressure-sensitive adhesive 9 comes into contact with the plastic film 4, as a result of which the film 5 "is at least temporarily fixed with the plastic film 4, and the unwanted removal of adhesive composition 5 is largely prevented even in the case of larger wind movements.
- FIG. 5 shows another preferred embodiment of applying the adhesive composition 5.
- the adhesive composition 5 is applied in the form of a dispersion 5 '.
- the dispersion 5' comprises solids phases of solid epoxy resin and thermoplastic polymer and a continuous liquid phase which is penetrated by liquid binder based on two-component epoxides and solvent or plasticizer is formed on.
- the dispersion 5 '" is applied homogeneously, for example by means of a brush, to the surface of the plastic film 4. Due to the curing reaction of the liquid binder, this liquid phase solidifies and binds the solid phase, so that the adhesive composition 5 is fixed on the surface of the plastic film 4 ,
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic cross-section through an embodiment of a roadway structure 1.
- a bituminous base support layer 8 was applied in step (iv).
- the adhesive composition 5, in particular in the form of interspersed granules 5 ' were heated by the contact with the molten bitumen and are melted so that an adhesive layer 7' is formed.
- the adhesive composition 5 shown here was shown as a full-surface layer. After cooling down the Applied bituminous layer, the support layer 8 is stable and firmly connected to the plastic film 4.
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic cross-section through a further embodiment of a roadway structure 1.
- a bituminous base support layer 8 was applied in step (iv).
- the adhesive composition 5, in particular in the form of interspersed granules 5 ' were heated by contact with the molten bitumen and melted.
- the adhesive composition 5 penetrates into both the plastic film 4 and the base layer 8.
- a modified region forms near the surface, namely a modified region 7 "in the plastic film 4, or a modified region 7 '" in the base layer 8.
- compositions were prepared according to parts by weight in Table 1, in which the ingredients were mixed together in a twin-screw extruder at a temperature of 80 ° C. By subsequent strand granulation, a granule having a granule diameter of 1 to 3 mm was obtained.
- Table 1 Compositions in parts by weight.
- Sikafloor®-161 (available from Sika für AG) was applied as a plastic primer in a quantity of 0.3 to 0.4 kg / m 2 using a felt roller.
- granules of the compositions according to Table 1 were then sprinkled in an amount of 0.8 to 1.0 kg / m 2 onto the still sticky plastic primer.
- an asphalt asphalt AC T 16 N 70/100 heated to 160 ° C. was applied in two passes in an amount of 0.8 to 1.0 kg / m 2 , so that in each case a layer thickness of 4 cm resulted, and rolled.
- Comparative Examples Ref. 1 and Ref. 2 have a very high proportion of adhesive fracture, whereas the examples according to the invention have a very high proportion of cohesive fracture.
- the measured shear strength values of the examples according to the invention are noticeably, or sometimes greatly increased, compared to the comparative examples.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft das Gebiet der Abdichtung von Fahrbahnen auf einer Tragstruktur.The invention relates to the field of roadway sealing on a support structure.
Fahrbahnen, welche auf einer Tragstruktur, insbesondere auf einer Betontragstruktur, aufgebracht sind, sind häufig anzutreffen, insbesondere als Brücken. Derartige Betontragstrukturen werden typischerweise durch Bitumenbahnen abgedichtet. Aufgrund des thermoplastischen Verhaltens sind Bitumenbahnen jedoch anfällig auf Temperaturschwankungen. Elastische Kunststoffbahnen hingegen, weisen ein über einen breiten Temperaturbereich konstantes elastisches Verhalten auf und erfüllen somit ihre Funktion als Abdichtung auch unter extremen Temperaturbedingungen. Als oberste Schicht wird im Strassenbau üblicherweise eine Tragschicht auf Bitumenbasis aufgebracht. Es stellt sich jedoch hierbei das Problem, dass ein guter Haftverbund zwischen der Tragschicht und dem Material der Tragstruktur, insbesondere dem Beton, vorhanden sein muss, was natürlich die Haftungen aller Zwischenschichten mit umfasst. Insbesondere die Haftung zwischen Kunststofffolie und bituminöser Tragschicht stellt hierbei ein aufgrund der beteiligten Materialien ein sehr schwierig zu lösendes Problem dar.Roadways, which are applied to a support structure, in particular on a concrete support structure, are frequently encountered, especially as bridges. Such concrete support structures are typically sealed by bituminous sheets. Due to the thermoplastic behavior, however, bitumen membranes are susceptible to temperature fluctuations. Elastic plastic sheets, on the other hand, have a constant elastic behavior over a wide temperature range and thus fulfill their function as a seal even under extreme temperature conditions. As the topmost layer, a bitumen-based base course is usually applied in road construction. However, this poses the problem that there must be a good bond between the base layer and the material of the support structure, in particular the concrete, which of course includes the adhesion of all intermediate layers. In particular, the adhesion between the plastic film and the bituminous base layer represents a problem that is very difficult to solve because of the materials involved.
Ein Ansatzpunkt zur Lösung dieses Problems liegt in der Verwendung von Gussasphalt als Haftmittel zwischen Kunststoffschicht und bituminöser Tragschicht. Diese Systeme wiesen jedoch den grossen Nachteil auf, dass zuerst der Gussasphalt bei hoher Temperatur aufgetragen werden muss und die bituminöse Tragschicht erst nach dem Erkalten aufgetragen werden kann, was einerseits aufgrund dieses zusätzlichen Schrittes die Erstellung des Abdichtungs- beziehungsweise Erstellungsprozess der Fahrbahn verlängert und verteuert. Andererseits hat sich gezeigt, dass derartige Fahrbahnen aufgrund der hohen Achslasten der die Fahrbahn benutzenden Fahrzeuge sich die Fahrbahnen verformen und innert kurzer Zeiten zu ungewollten Schädigungen des Fahrbahnbelages führen.A starting point for solving this problem lies in the use of mastic asphalt as an adhesive between plastic layer and bituminous base course. However, these systems had the great disadvantage that first the mastic asphalt must be applied at high temperature and the bituminous base course can be applied only after cooling, which on the one hand extended and more expensive because of this additional step, the creation of the sealing or creation process of the road. On the other hand, it has been shown that such roads due to the high axle loads of the vehicles using the roadway deform the lanes and lead within a short time to unwanted damage to the pavement.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, einen Fahrbahnaufbau zur Verfügung zustellen, welcher einfach und rationell erstellt werden kann und zu einer hohen Haftung zwischen Kunststofffolie und bituminöser Tragschicht zu einem gutem Haftverbund führt und bei der Haftprüfung bei Schubbeanspruchung zu hohem Anteil an kohäsivem Bruch im Asphalt führt.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a roadway structure available, which can be easily and efficiently created and leads to a high adhesion between plastic film and bituminous base layer to a good bond and adhesion test under shear stress to high content of cohesive fracture in the Asphalt leads.
Überraschenderweise zeigte sich, dass mit einem Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 1 und einem Fahrbahnaufbau gemäss Anspruch 13 dieses Problem gelöst werden kann. Ein derartiger Fahrbahnaufbau weist zudem ein günstiges Langzeitverhalten auch unter hohen Achslasten von Fahrzeugen auf. Dieses Verfahren erlaubt es, auf schnelle und kosteneffiziente Art und Weise eine Fahrbahn auf einer Tragstruktur, insbesondere auf einer Betontragstruktur, abzudichten.Surprisingly, it has been found that with a method according to
Kernpunkt der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Kombination eines Epoxid-Festharzes und eines bei Raumtemperatur festen thermoplastischen Polymers als wesentliche Bestandeile der hierfür notwendigen Haftzusammensetzung.The core of the present invention is the combination of a solid epoxy resin and a solid at room temperature thermoplastic polymer as an essential constituent of the necessary adhesive composition.
Es zeigte sich weiterhin, dass mit den bevorzugten Ausführungsformen ein wesentliches Problem des Standes der Technik, nämlich das unerwünschte Wegwinden von Haftmittel, einfach verhindert werden kann, und so die Qualitätssicherung beim Erstellen eines Fahrbahnaufbaues einfach gesteigert werden kann.It has also been found that with the preferred embodiments, a major prior art problem, namely the unwanted release of adhesive, can be easily prevented, and thus the quality assurance in constructing a pavement structure can be easily increased.
Es konnte mittels Haftprüfungen nachgewiesen werden, dass es dank der vorliegenden Erfindung ermöglicht wird, den Anteil des kohäsiven Bruches im Asphalt massiv zu erhöhen. Somit ist für die Schubfestigkeit der kritische Punkt die Eigenfestigkeit des Asphalts und nicht mehr die Haftung. Somit kann auch gewährleistet werden, dass der Klebverbund auch längerfristig erhalten bleibt und sich die Bildung von Delamination der Tragschicht auf Bitumenbasis, und damit die Bildung von Rissen und Undichtigkeiten, massiv reduziert werden kann.It has been demonstrated by means of adhesion tests that the present invention makes it possible to massively increase the proportion of cohesive fracture in the asphalt. Thus, for shear strength, the critical point is the inherent strength of the asphalt rather than adhesion. Thus, it can also be ensured that the adhesive bond also remains intact over the long term and that the formation of delamination of the bitumen-based support layer, and thus the formation of cracks and leaks, can be massively reduced.
Insbesondere ist es vorteilhaft, dass auf die Verwendung eines Gussasphaltes verzichtet werden kann.In particular, it is advantageous that can be dispensed with the use of a mastic asphalt.
Weitere Aspekte der Erfindung sind Gegenstand weiterer unabhängiger Ansprüche. Besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.Further aspects of the invention are the subject of further independent claims. Particularly preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft in einem ersten Aspekt ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Fahrbahnaufbaus umfassend die Schritte
- ( i) Aufbringen eines Primers auf eine Tragstruktur, insbesondere Aufbringen eines Betonprimers auf eine Betonstruktur;
- ( ii) Aufbringen einer Kunststofffolie auf die nach Schritt (i) geprimerte Tragstruktur; sowie anschliessend
- ( iii) Aufbringen einer Haftzusammensetzung enthaltend
- a) mindestens ein Epoxid-Festharz
- b) mindestens ein bei Raumtemperatur festes thermoplastisches Polymer
- ( iv) Aufbringen einer Tragschicht auf Bitumenbasis.
- (i) applying a primer to a support structure, in particular applying a concrete primer to a concrete structure;
- (ii) applying a plastic film to the support structure primed after step (i); and then
- (iii) applying an adhesive composition comprising
- a) at least one solid epoxy resin
- b) at least one thermoplastic polymer which is solid at room temperature
- (iv) applying a bituminous base course.
Eine derartige Tragstruktur ist vorzugsweise ein Gebilde des Hoch-oder Tiefbaus. Insbesondere kann dies eine Brücke, eine Galerie, ein Tunnel, eine Auffahr- oder Abfahrrampe oder ein Parkdeck sein. Als bevorzugtes Beispiel einer derartigen Tragstruktur gilt eine Brücke. Diese für die Fahrbahn notwenige Tragstruktur ist eine Struktur aus einem Material, welche eine tragende Funktion aufweisen kann. Insbesondere ist dieses Material ein Metall oder eine Metalllegierung oder ein Beton, insbesondere ein armierter Beton, bevorzugt ein Stahlbeton.Such a support structure is preferably a building of civil engineering. In particular, this may be a bridge, a gallery, a tunnel, a ramp or departure ramp or a parking deck. A preferred example of such a support structure is a bridge. This required for the roadway supporting structure is a structure of a material which may have a supporting function. In particular, this material is a metal or a metal alloy or a concrete, in particular a reinforced concrete, preferably a reinforced concrete.
Als meist bevorzugtes Beispiel einer derartigen Tragstruktur gilt eine Brücke aus Beton.The most preferred example of such a support structure is a concrete bridge.
Auf der Tragstruktur wird in Schritt (i) ein Primer, insbesondere ein Betonprimer, aufgebracht. Unter einem "Primer" wird in diesem Dokument generell eine dünne Schicht eines auf einem Substrat aufgebrachten Polymers verstanden, welche die Haftung zwischen diesem Substrat und einem weiteren Substrat verbessert. Ein Primer weist bei Raumtemperatur fliessfähige Konsistenz auf und wird durch Aufstreichen, Anstreichen, Aufrollen, Aufsprühen, Giessen oder Aufpinseln auf das Substrat aufgebracht. Es ist zu bemerken, dass hierbei mit dem Term "fliessfähig" nicht nur flüssige, sondern auch höher viskose honigartige bis pastöse Materialen bezeichnen werden, deren Form unter dem Einfluss der Erdanziehungskraft angepasst wird.A primer, in particular a concrete primer, is applied to the support structure in step (i). A "primer" in this document is generally understood to mean a thin layer of a polymer applied to a substrate, which improves the adhesion between this substrate and another substrate. A primer has a flowable consistency at room temperature and is applied to the substrate by brushing, painting, rolling, spraying, casting or brushing. It should be noted that the term "flowable" here will refer not only to liquid, but also to higher viscosity honey-like to pasty materials whose shape is adjusted under the influence of gravity.
Als "Raumtemperatur" wird in diesem Dokument eine Temperatur von 23°C verstanden.The term "room temperature" in this document means a temperature of 23 ° C.
Als "Betonprimer" wird in diesem Dokument eine dünne Schicht eines auf dem Beton aufgebrachten Polymers verstanden, welche die Haftung von Beton zu einem weiteren Substrat verbessert. Insbesondere als Betonprimer gelten Primer auf Epoxidharzbasis. Insbesondere sind dies zweikomponentige Epoxidharzharz-Primer, deren eine (d.h. erste) Komponente ein Epoxidharz, insbesondere eine Epoxidharz auf Basis von Bisphenol-A-Diglycidylether, enthält und die andere (d.h. zweite) Komponente einen Härter, insbesondere ein Polyamin oder ein Polymercaptan, enthält. Als besonders bevorzugt gelten Epoxidharz-Primer, welche keine Füllstoffe aufweisen. Weiterhin vorteilhaft sind die Betonprimer dünnflüssig, insbesondere mit einer Viskosität von unter 10'000 mPas, bevorzugt zwischen 10 und 1'000 mPas, so dass sie in die Betonoberfläche eindringen können. Besonders bevorzugt als Betonprimer gelten zweikomponentige, dünnflüssige, Epoxydharzprimer, wie sie unter den Handelsreihennamen Sikafloor® oder Sikagard® von Sika Deutschland GmbH, beziehungsweise Sika Schweiz AG, vertrieben werden. Als Betonprimer besonders bevorzugt sind Sikafloor®-156 Grundierung und Sikagard®-186.As a "concrete primer" is meant in this document a thin layer of a polymer applied to the concrete, which the adhesion of Improved concrete to another substrate. In particular, as concrete primer apply primer based on epoxy resin. In particular, these are two-component epoxy resin primer whose one (ie first) component contains an epoxy resin, in particular an epoxy resin based on bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, and the other (ie second) component contains a curing agent, in particular a polyamine or a polymercaptan , Particular preference is given to epoxy resin primers which have no fillers. With further advantage, the concrete primers are highly fluid, in particular having a viscosity of less than 10,000 mPas, preferably between 10 and 1,000 mPas, so that they can penetrate into the concrete surface. Particularly preferred concrete primers are two-component, low-viscosity, epoxy resin primers, such as those sold under the trade name Sikafloor® or Sikagard® by Sika Deutschland GmbH, or Sika Schweiz AG. Particularly preferred concrete primers are Sikafloor®-156 Primer and Sikagard®-186.
Für andere Materialien gibt jeweils es adäquate Primer, für Stahl Stahlprimer, wie sie dem Fachmann bekannt sind.For other materials, there are adequate primers, for steel, steel primers, as known to those skilled in the art.
Als "Kunststoffprimer" wird in diesem Dokument eine dünne Schicht eines auf der Kunststofffolie aufgebrachten Polymers verstanden, welche die Haftung von Kunststofffolie zu einem weiteren Substrat verbessert. Insbesondere als Kunststoffprimer gelten Primer auf Epoxidharzbasis.As a "plastic primer" in this document is meant a thin layer of a polymer applied to the plastic film, which improves the adhesion of plastic film to another substrate. In particular, as a plastic primer apply primer based on epoxy resin.
Weiterhin ist es bevorzugt, wenn zwischen Schritt (i) und Schritt (ii) in den Primer, bevorzugt in den Betonprimer, anorganische Einstreumittel, insbesondere Sand, bevorzugt Quarzsand, eingestreut werden. Um einen guten Verbund zwischen Einstreumittel und Primer, insbesondere Betonprimer, zu gewährleisten, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn dieses Einstreumittel vor dem Erhärten des Primers eingestreut wird.Furthermore, it is preferred if between step (i) and step (ii) in the primer, preferably in the concrete primer, inorganic bedding agents, in particular sand, preferably quartz sand, are interspersed. In order to ensure a good bond between bedding agent and primer, in particular concrete primer, it is advantageous if this bedding agent is sprinkled before the primer is cured.
Es ist bevorzugt, wenn dieses anorganische Einstreumittel eine maximale Korngrösse von kleiner als 1 mm, insbesondere zwischen 0.1 und 1 mm, bevorzugt zwischen 0.3 und 0.8 mm, aufweist.It is preferred if this inorganic bedding agent has a maximum particle size of less than 1 mm, in particular between 0.1 and 1 mm, preferably between 0.3 and 0.8 mm.
Die Menge derartiger Einstreumittel ist jedoch so zu bemessen, dass der Primer nicht vollflächig bedeckt wird, sondern dass im Aufbau stets Stellen vorhanden sind, wo der Primer in direktem Kontakt mit der Kunststofffolie ist.However, the amount of such bedding agents should be such that the primer is not completely covered, but that there are always places in the structure where the primer is in direct contact with the plastic film.
Es wurde gefunden, dass die Verwendung von Einstreumittel vorteilhaft für den Verbund zwischen Kunststofffolie und Primer, beziehungsweise der Tragstruktur, ist. Mögliche, jedoch nicht die Erfindung limitierende, Erklärungen hierfür sind, dass der Primer die Kornoberfläche zumindest partiell umfliesst und so eine grössere Kontaktfläche zwischen Kunststofffolie und Primer geschaffen wird, und/oder dass durch die anorganischen Einstreumittel, die Primerschicht lokal stark verstärkt wird, so dass grösserer Kräfte zwischen Kunststofffolie und Tragstruktur übermittelt, beziehungsweise aufgenommen, werden können und/oder dass durch die Einstreumittel eine rein mechanische Verankerung zwischen Kunststofffolie und Primer erfolgt, indem die in die Matrix des Primers eingebunden Körner zu einer aufgerauhten PrimerOberfläche führen und sich diese Körner in die Oberfläche der vorzugsweise elastischen Kunststofffolie einbetten. Im Falle einer vor Ort hergestellten Kunststofffolie, insbesondere durch ein Spritzverfahren hergestellt, erhält die Kunststofffolie eine bedeutend grössere Kontaktoberfläche, da sie auf eine Primeroberfläche appliziert wird, welche aufgrund der durch die Einstreumittel bedingten Aufrauhung eine bedeutend grössere Oberfläche aufweist.It has been found that the use of bedding agent is advantageous for the bond between plastic film and primer, or the support structure. Possible, but not limiting the invention, explanations for this are that the primer at least partially flows around the grain surface and thus a larger contact surface between the plastic film and primer is created, and / or that is strongly locally reinforced by the inorganic spreading means, the primer layer, so that be transmitted and / or that are made by the Einstreumittel a purely mechanical anchoring between the plastic film and primer by the integrated into the matrix of the primer grains lead to a roughened primer surface and these grains in the Embed the surface of the preferably elastic plastic film. In the case of a produced on site plastic film, in particular produced by a spraying process, the plastic film receives a significantly larger contact surface, since it is applied to a primer surface, which has a significantly larger surface area due to the roughening caused by the roasting agent.
In Bezug auf die Schichtdicke des Primers ist es dem Fachmann klar, dass diese natürlich auch stark von der Oberflächenrauhigkeit der Tragstrukturabhängig ist als auch ob Einstreumittel verwendet werden oder nicht. Die mittlere Schichtdicke des Primers beträgt typischerweise zwischen 100 Mikrometern und 10 Millimetern, vorteilhaft ist die mittlere Schichtdicke der Primerschicht unter 3 mm, bevorzugt zwischen 0.3 und 2 mm.With regard to the layer thickness of the primer, it is clear to the person skilled in the art that this, of course, is also strongly dependent on the surface roughness of the support structure and whether or not bedding agents are used. The average layer thickness of the primer is typically between 100 micrometers and 10 millimeters, advantageously the average layer thickness of the primer layer is less than 3 mm, preferably between 0.3 and 2 mm.
Anschliessend wird in Schritt (ii) eine Kunststofffolie auf die nach Schritt (i) geprimerte Tragstruktur aufgebracht.Subsequently, in step (ii), a plastic film is applied to the support structure primed after step (i).
Um als Kunststofffolie möglichst geeignet zu sein, sollte die Kunststofffolie möglichst wasserdicht sein und sich auch unter längerem Einfluss von Wasser, beziehungsweise Feuchtigkeit, nicht zersetzen oder mechanisch beschädigt werden. Als Kunststofffolien sind insbesondere derartige Folien geeignet, wie sie für Abdichtungszwecke, insbesondere für den Dachbau oder für den Brückenabdichtungszweck bereits im Stand der Technik eingesetzt werden. Um unter dem durch das Aufbringen der Tragschicht auf Bitumenbasis Temperatureinfluss möglichst wenig geschädigt oder verändert zu werfen, ist es besonderes vorteilhaft, wenn die Kunststofffolien aus einem Material mit einem Erweichungspunkt von über 140°C, bevorzugt zwischen 160 °C und 300°C, gefertigt sind. Die Kunststofffolie sollte vorteilhaft ein zumindest geringes Ausmass an Elastizität aufweisen, beispielsweise durch Temperaturen verursachte Ausdehnungsunterschiede zwischen Asphalt und Tragstruktur oder durch Risse in der Tragstruktur oder der Tragschicht verursachte Spannungen überbrücken können, ohne dass die Kunststofffolie beschädigt wird oder reisst und die Dichtfunktion der Kunststofffolie beieinträchtigen würde. Besonders bevorzugt werden Kunststofffolien auf Basis von Polyurethanen oder Polyharnstoffen oder Poly(meth)acrylaten oder Epoxidharzen. Die Kunststofffolie kann als vorgefertigte Bahn verwendet werden. In diesem Fall wird die Kunststofffolie vorzugsweise durch einen industriellen Prozess in einem Folienwerk gefertigt und gelangt auf der Baustelle vorzugsweise in Form von Kunststofffolie ab einer Rolle zum Einsatz. Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn in diesem Falle die Kunststofffolie in den Primer vor dessen vollständiger Aus- oder Erhärtung in Kontakt gebracht wird.In order to be as suitable as a plastic film, the plastic film should be as waterproof as possible and even under prolonged influence of water or moisture, do not decompose or be mechanically damaged. As plastic films in particular such films are suitable, as they are used for sealing purposes, especially for the roof construction or for the bridge sealing purpose in the prior art. To under the by applying the Base layer based on bitumen Temperature influence as little as possible damaged or changed to throw, it is particularly advantageous if the plastic films are made of a material having a softening point of about 140 ° C, preferably between 160 ° C and 300 ° C. The plastic film should advantageously have at least a low degree of elasticity, for example, can bridge caused by temperature expansion differences between asphalt and support structure or caused by cracks in the support structure or the support layer voltages without the plastic film is damaged or cracked and would impair the sealing function of the plastic film , Particularly preferred are plastic films based on polyurethanes or polyureas or poly (meth) acrylates or epoxy resins. The plastic film can be used as a prefabricated web. In this case, the plastic film is preferably produced by an industrial process in a film factory and arrives at the construction site preferably in the form of plastic film from a roll used. It is advantageous if, in this case, the plastic film is brought into contact with the primer before its complete hardening or hardening.
Die Kunststofffolie kann jedoch auch vor Ort hergestellt werden, beispielsweise durch eine Vernetzungsreaktion von reaktiven Komponenten, welche vor Ort gemischt und appliziert werden. Besonders vorteilhaft haben sich gespritzte Kunststofffolien erwiesen.However, the plastic film can also be produced on site, for example by a crosslinking reaction of reactive components which are mixed and applied on site. Particularly advantageous have sprayed plastic films proven.
Die Kunststofffolie weist vorteilhaft eine Schichtdicke im Millimeterbereich auf, typischerweise zwischen 0.5 und 15 mm, bevorzugt zwischen 1 und 4 mm.The plastic film advantageously has a layer thickness in the millimeter range, typically between 0.5 and 15 mm, preferably between 1 and 4 mm.
Am meisten bevorzugt als Kunststofffolie sind Polyurethanfolien, insbesondere gespritzte Folien aus zweikomponentigen Polyurethanen.Most preferred as the plastic film are polyurethane films, in particular sprayed films of two-component polyurethanes.
Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn auf die in Schritt (ii) aufgebrachte Kunststofffolie vor dem Aufbringen der Haftzusammensetzung in Schritt (iii) in einem Schritt (ii a) ein Kunststoffprimer aufgebracht wird. Als Kunststoffprimer werden insbesondere Primer auf zweikomponentigen Polyurethanen oder Epoxiden, bevorzugt Epoxiden, verwendet.It is advantageous if a plastic primer is applied to the plastic film applied in step (ii) prior to the application of the adhesive composition in step (iii) in a step (ii a). Plastic primers used are, in particular, primers based on two-component polyurethanes or epoxides, preferably epoxides.
Kern der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Gewährleistung des Verbundes zwischen Kunststofffolie und Tragschicht auf Bitumenbasis mittels des Aufbringens einer spezifischen Haftzusammensetzung.The core of the present invention is the guarantee of the bond between the plastic film and the bituminous base layer by means of the application of a specific adhesive composition.
Diese Haftzusammensetzung enthält als wesentliche Bestandteile
- a) mindestens ein Epoxid-Festharz
sowie - b) mindestens ein bei Raumtemperatur festes thermoplastisches Polymer
- a) at least one solid epoxy resin
such as - b) at least one thermoplastic polymer which is solid at room temperature
Der Begriff "Epoxid-Festharz" ist dem Epoxid-Fachmann bestens bekannt und wird im Gegensatz zu "Epoxid-Flüssigharzen" verwendet. Die Glastemperatur von Festharzen liegt über Raumtemperatur, d.h. sie lassen sich bei Raumtemperatur zu schüttfähigen Pulvern zerkleinern.The term "solid epoxy resin" is well known to the person skilled in the art and is used in contrast to "liquid epoxy resins". The glass transition temperature of solid resins is above room temperature, i. they can be ground at room temperature to give pourable powders.
Bevorzugte Epoxid-Festharze weisen die Formel (I) auf
Hierbei stehen die Substituenten R' und R" unabhängig voneinander entweder für H oder CH3. Weiterhin steht der Index s für einen Wert von > 1.5, insbesondere von 2 bis 12.Here, the substituents R 'and R "are independently of one another either H or CH 3. Furthermore, the subscript s stands for a value of> 1.5, in particular from 2 to 12.
Derartige Epoxid-Festharze sind kommerziell erhältlich beispielsweise unter der Handelsreihennamen D.E.R.™ bzw. Araldite® bzw. Epikote von Dow bzw. Huntsman bzw. Hexion und dementsprechend dem Fachmann bestens bekannt.Such solid epoxy resins are commercially available for example under the trade name D.E.R. ™ or Araldite® or Epikote from Dow or Huntsman or Hexion and accordingly the person skilled in the best known.
Verbindungen der Formel (I) mit einem Index s zwischen 1 und 1.5 werden vom Fachmann als Semisolid-Epoxidharze bezeichnet. Für die hier vorliegende Erfindung werden sie ebenfalls als Festharze betrachtet. Bevorzugt sind jedoch Epoxidharze im engeren Sinn, d.h. wo der Index s einen Wert von > 1.5 aufweist.Compounds of formula (I) with an index s between 1 and 1.5 are referred to by the skilled person as semisolid epoxy resins. For the present invention, they are also considered as solid resins. However, preferred are epoxy resins in the narrower sense, i. where the index s has a value of> 1.5.
Es konnte unter anderem auch gezeigt werden, dass, wenn anstelle des Epoxid-Festharzes ein Epoxid-Flüssigharz verwendet wird, die Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung nicht auftreten. Somit ist es für das Wesen der vorliegenden Erfindung wesentlich, dass ein Epoxid-Festharz in der Haftzusammensetzung vorhanden ist.Among other things, it could be shown that, if instead of the epoxy solid resin an epoxy liquid resin is used, the advantages of the present invention does not occur. Thus, it is essential to the essence of the present invention that an epoxy solid resin be present in the adhesive composition.
Das bei Raumtemperatur feste thermoplastische Polymer ist ein bei Raumtemperatur polymerer Werkstoff, welcher bei einer Temperatur oberhalb einer der Erweichungstemperatur erweicht und schliesslich fliessfähig wird.The thermoplastic polymer which is solid at room temperature is a polymeric material at room temperature which softens at a temperature above one of the softening point and finally becomes fluid.
In diesem Dokument werden Erweichungstemperaturen oder Erweichungspunkte (Softening point) insbesondere als nach der Ring & Kugel-Methode gemäss DIN ISO 4625 gemessen verstanden.In this document softening temperatures or softening points (softening point) are understood in particular as measured by the Ring & Ball method according to DIN ISO 4625.
Es ist sehr vorteilhaft, wenn das bei Raumtemperatur feste thermoplastische Polymer einen Erweichungspunkt im Bereich von 80°C bis 150 °C, insbesondere von 90°C bis 130°C, aufweist. Besonders bevorzugt sind thermoplastische Polymere, welche einen Erweichungspunkt aufweisen, welcher mindestens 25°C unterhalb der im Schritt (iv) beim Auftragen gemessenen Temperatur der Tragschicht auf Bitumenbasis liegt.It is very advantageous if the thermoplastic polymer which is solid at room temperature has a softening point in the range from 80 ° C. to 150 ° C., in particular from 90 ° C. to 130 ° C. Particular preference is given to thermoplastic polymers which have a softening point which is at least 25 ° C. below the temperature of the bituminous base layer measured in step (iv) during application.
Als bei Raumtemperatur feste thermoplastische Polymere sind insbesondere Homopolymere oder Copolymere von mindestens einem olefinisch ungesättigten Monomeren, insbesondere von Monomeren, welche ausgewählt sind aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Ethylen, Propylen, Butylen, Butadien, Isopren, Acrylonitril, Vinylester, insbesondere Vinylacetat, Vinylether, Allylether, (Meth)acrylsäure, (Meth)acrylsäureester, Maleinsäure, Maleinsäureanhydrid, Maleinsäureester, Fumarsäure, Fumarsäureester und Styrol, verstanden.Particularly suitable thermoplastic polymers which are solid at room temperature are homopolymers or copolymers of at least one olefinically unsaturated monomer, in particular of monomers which are selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, butylene, butadiene, isoprene, acrylonitrile, vinyl esters, in particular vinyl acetate, vinyl ethers, allyl ethers , (Meth) acrylic acid, (meth) acrylic acid esters, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, maleic acid esters, fumaric acid, fumaric acid esters and styrene.
Besonders geeignet sind Copolymere, welche lediglich aus den Monomeren der soeben aufgeführten Gruppe hergestellt werden.Particularly suitable are copolymers which are prepared only from the monomers of the group just mentioned.
Weiterhin besonders geeignet sind durch Pfropfungsreaktion modifizierte Copolymere von olefinisch ungesättigten Monomeren, insbesondere die durch Pfropfungsreaktion modifizierte Copolymere des vorgehenden Abschnitts.Also particularly suitable are graft-modified copolymers of olefinically unsaturated monomers, in particular the graft-modified copolymers of the preceding section.
Als bei Raumtemperatur feste Thermoplaste gelten beispielsweise Polyolefine, insbesondere Poly-α-olefine. Meist bevorzugt derartige Polyolefine sind ataktische Poly-α-olefine (APAO).Examples of thermoplastics which are solid at room temperature include polyolefins, in particular poly-α-olefins. Most preferred such polyolefins are atactic poly-α-olefins (APAO).
Als meist bevorzugte thermoplastische Polymere gelten Ethylen/Vinylacetat-Copolymere (EVA), insbesondere solche mit einem Vinylacetat-Anteil von unter 50 Gew.-%, insbesondere mit einem Vinylacetat-Anteil zwischen 10 und 40 Gew.-%, bevorzugt zwischen 20 und 35 Gew.-%, meist bevorzugt zwischen 27 und 32 Gew.-%.Most preferred thermoplastic polymers are ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA), in particular those having a vinyl acetate content of less than 50% by weight, in particular having a vinyl acetate content of between 10 and 40% by weight, preferably between 20 and 35 Wt .-%, most preferably between 27 and 32 wt .-%.
Es hat sich als besonders bevorzugt erwiesen, wenn mindestens zwei verschiedene bei Raumtemperatur feste thermoplastische Polymere verwendet werden, welche bevorzugt eine unterschiedliche chemische Zusammensetzung aufweisen. Meist bevorzugt ist eines dieser zwei verschiedenen thermoplastischen Polymere ein Ethylen/Vinylacetat-Copolymer.It has proven to be particularly preferred if at least two different thermoplastic polymers which are solid at room temperature are used, which preferably have a different chemical composition. Most preferably, one of these two different thermoplastic polymers is an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer.
Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das weitere thermoplastische Polymer ein Copolymer ist, bei dessen Herstellung Maleinsäure oder Maleinsäureanhydrid als Monomer oder als Pfropfungsreagenz eingesetzt wurde.Furthermore, it is advantageous if the further thermoplastic polymer is a copolymer in whose preparation maleic acid or maleic anhydride has been used as monomer or as grafting reagent.
Das Gewichts-Verhältnis von Epoxid-Festharz zu bei Raumtemperatur festem thermoplastischen Polymer liegt vorzugsweise zwischen 1:2 und 1:10, bevorzugt zwischen 1:4 und 1:8, liegt.The weight ratio of solid epoxy resin to thermoplastic polymer which is solid at room temperature is preferably between 1: 2 and 1:10, preferably between 1: 4 and 1: 8.
Weiterhin hat sich als bevorzugt erwiesen, wenn die Haftzusammensetzung einen Klebrigmacher-Harz (Tackifier resin) aufweist, insbesondere auf Basis von Kohlenwasserstoffharzen, bevorzugt von aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffharzen, insbesondere wie sie beispielsweise von der Firma Exxon Mobil unter dem Handelsnamen Escorez™ vertrieben werden.Furthermore, it has proved to be preferred if the adhesive composition comprises a tackifier resin, in particular based on hydrocarbon resins, preferably aliphatic hydrocarbon resins, in particular as sold for example by the company Exxon Mobil under the trade name Escorez ™.
Als besonders vorteilhaft hat sich erwiesen, wenn die Haftzusammensetzung, dass weiterhin ein chemisches oder physikalisches Treibmittel enthält.It has proven particularly advantageous if the adhesive composition further contains a chemical or physical blowing agent.
Es kann sich hierbei um exotherme Treibmittel handeln, wie beispielsweise Azoverbindungungen, Hydrazinderivate, Semicarbazide oder Tetrazole handeln. Bevorzugt sind Azodicarbonamid und Oxy-bis (Benzenesulfonyl-hydrazid), die bei der Zersetzung Energie freisetzen. Weiterhin geeignet sind auch endotherme Treibmittel, wie beispielsweise Natriumbicarbonat/Zitronensäure - Mischungen. Derartige chemische Treibmittel sind beispielsweise unter dem Namen Celogen™ der Firma Chemtura erhältlich. Ebenfalls geeignet sind physikalische Treibmittel, wie sie unter dem Handelsnamen Expancel™ der Firma Akzo Nobel vertrieben werden.These may be exothermic blowing agents, such as azo compounds, hydrazine derivatives, semicarbazides or tetrazoles. Preferred are azodicarbonamide and oxy-bis (benzenesulfonyl hydrazide), which release energy during decomposition. Also suitable are endothermic blowing agents, such as, for example, sodium bicarbonate / citric acid mixtures. Such chemical blowing agents are available, for example, under the name Celogen ™ from Chemtura. Also suitable are physical blowing agents, such as those sold under the trade name Expancel ™ by Akzo Nobel.
Besonders geeignete Treibmittel sind solche, wie sie unter dem Handelsnamen Expancel™ der Firma Akzo Nobel oder Celogen™ der Firma Chemtura erhältlich sind.Particularly suitable blowing agents are those available under the trade name Expancel ™ from Akzo Nobel or Celogen ™ from Chemtura.
Bevorzugte Treibmittel sind chemische Treibmittel, welche beim Erhitzen, insbesondere auf eine Temperatur von 100 bis 160 °C, ein Gas freisetzen.Preferred blowing agents are chemical blowing agents which release a gas on heating, in particular to a temperature of 100 to 160 ° C.
Die Menge des physikalischen oder chemischen Treibmittels liegt insbesondere im Bereich von 0.1 - 3 Gewichts-%, bezogen auf das Gewicht der Haftzusammensetzung.The amount of the physical or chemical blowing agent is in particular in the range of 0.1 to 3% by weight, based on the weight of the adhesive composition.
Weiterhin kann die Haftzusammensetzung insbesondere Epoxid-Vernetzungskatalysatoren und/oder Härter für Epoxidharze, welcher durch erhöhte Temperatur aktiviert wird, enthalten. Insbesondere sind diese ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Dicyandiamid, Guanamine, Guanidine, Aminoguanidine und deren Derivate; substituierte Harnstoffe, insbesondere 3-(3-Chlor-4-methylphenyl)-1,1-dimethylharnstoff (Chlortoluron), oder Phenyl-Dimethylharnstoffe, insbesondere p-Chlorphenyl-N,N-dimethylharnstoff (Monuron), 3-Phenyl-1,1-dimethylharnstoff (Fenuron), 3,4-Dichlorphenyl-N,N-dimethylharnstoff (Diuron), N,N-Dimethylharnstoff, N-iso-Butyl-N',N'-dimethylharnstoff, 1,1'-(Hexan-1,6-diyl)bis(3,3'-dimethylharnstoff) sowie Imidazole, Imidazol-Salze, Imidazoline und Amin-Komplexe. Diese wärmeaktivierbare Härter sind vorzugsweise bei einer Temperatur von 80 - 160 °C, insbesondere von 85°C bis 150°C, bevorzugt von 90 - 140°C, aktivierbar. Insbesondere wird Dicyandiamid in Kombination mit einem substituierten Harnstoff eingesetzt.Furthermore, the adhesive composition may in particular contain epoxide crosslinking catalysts and / or curing agents for epoxy resins, which is activated by elevated temperature. In particular, these are selected from the group consisting of dicyandiamide, guanamines, guanidines, aminoguanidines and their derivatives; substituted ureas, in particular 3- (3-chloro-4-methylphenyl) -1,1-dimethylurea (chlorotoluron), or phenyl-dimethylureas, in particular p-chlorophenyl-N, N-dimethylurea (monuron), 3-phenyl-1, 1-dimethylurea (fenuron), 3,4-dichlorophenyl-N, N-dimethylurea (diuron), N, N-dimethylurea, N-iso-butyl-N ', N'-dimethylurea, 1,1' - (hexane) 1,6-diyl) bis (3,3'-dimethylurea) as well as imidazoles, imidazole salts, imidazolines and amine complexes. These heat-activatable hardeners are preferably activatable at a temperature of 80-160.degree. C., in particular of 85.degree. C. to 150.degree. C., preferably of 90-140.degree. In particular, dicyandiamide is used in combination with a substituted urea.
Die Haftzusammensetzung kann zusätzlich bereits zu den erwähnten Bestandteilen auch noch weitere Bestandteile enthalten, beispielsweise Biozide, Stabilisatoren, insbesondere Wärmestabilisatoren, Weichmacher, Pigmente, Haftvermittler, insbesondere Organosilane, reaktive Bindemittel, Lösungsmittel, Rheologiemodifikatoren, Füllstoffe oder Fasern, insbesondere Glas-, Kohlenstoff-, Zellulose-, Baumwoll- oder synthetische Kunststofffasern, bevorzugt Fasern aus Polyester oder aus einem Homo- oder Copolymeren von Ethylen und/oder Propylen oder aus Viskose. Je nach Ausgestaltungsform der Haftzusammensetzung können die Fasern als Kurzfasern oder Langfasern, oder in Form von gesponnenen, gewobenen oder ungewobenen Faserwerkstoffen zum Einsatz kommen. Die Verwendung von Fasern ist insbesondere zur Verbesserung der mechanischen Verstärkung von Vorteil, insbesondere dann, wenn zumindest ein Teil der Fasern aus zugfesten oder hochzugfesten Fasern, insbesondere aus Glas, Kohlenstoff oder Aramide, bestehen.The adhesive composition may additionally contain other constituents already in addition to the constituents mentioned, for example biocides, stabilizers, in particular heat stabilizers, plasticizers, pigments, adhesion promoters, in particular organosilanes, reactive binders, solvents, rheology modifiers, fillers or fibers, in particular glass, carbon, Cellulose, cotton or synthetic synthetic fibers, preferably fibers of polyester or of a homo- or copolymers of ethylene and / or propylene or of viscose. Depending on the embodiment of the adhesive composition, the fibers can be used as short fibers or long fibers, or in the form of spun, woven or non-woven fiber materials. The use of fibers is particularly advantageous for improving the mechanical reinforcement, in particular if at least some of the fibers consist of tensile or high-tensile fibers, in particular glass, carbon or aramids.
Die Haftzusammensetzung wird vorteilhaft in Form eines Granulates, vorzugsweise mit einem Granulat-Durchmesser von 1 bis 10 mm, insbesondere von 3 bis 6 mm, eingesetzt.The adhesive composition is advantageously used in the form of granules, preferably with a granule diameter of 1 to 10 mm, in particular of 3 to 6 mm.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird diese Haftzusammensetzung in Kombination mit einer, wie vorgängig beschrieben, vor Ort hergestellten Kunststofffolie verwendet, und innerhalb der Offenzeit dieser beispielsweise durch eine Vernetzungsreaktion von reaktiven Komponenten hergestellten Kunststofffolie aufgebracht. Das Aufbringen der Haftzusammensetzung erfolgt vorzugsweise durch ein Aufstreuen in die noch nicht ausreagierte und zumindest leicht klebrige Kunststofffolie. Dies hat den grossen Vorteil, dass die aufgestreute Haftzusammensetzung auf der Oberfläche der Kunststofffolie kleben bleibt und eine ungewollte Entfernung, beispielsweise durch Wind, der Haftzusammensetzung weitgehend verhindert werden kann.In a preferred embodiment, this adhesive composition is used in combination with a plastic film produced locally as described above, and applied within the open time of this plastic film produced, for example, by a crosslinking reaction of reactive components. The application of the adhesive composition is preferably carried out by sprinkling in the not yet fully reacted and at least slightly tacky plastic film. This has the great advantage that the spread adhesive composition remains stuck to the surface of the plastic film and unwanted removal, for example by wind, of the adhesive composition can be largely prevented.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird auf die in Schritt (ii) aufgebrachte Kunststofffolie im Schritt (ii a) ein Kunststoffprimer aufgebracht, in welchen innerhalb der Offenzeit des Kunststoffprimers die Haftzusammensetzung aufgebracht wird. Das Aufbringen der Haftzusammensetzung erfolgt vorzugsweise durch ein Aufstreuen in den noch nicht ausreagierten und zumindest leicht klebrigen Kunststoffprimer. Dies hat den grossen Vorteil, dass die aufgestreute Haftzusammensetzung auf der Oberfläche des auf der Kunststofffolie haftenden Kunststoffprimers kleben bleibt und eine ungewollte Entfernung, beispielsweise durch Wind, der Haftzusammensetzung weitgehend verhindert werden kann.In a further preferred embodiment, a plastic primer is applied to the plastic film applied in step (ii) in step (ii a), in which the adhesive composition is applied within the open time of the plastic primer. The application of the adhesive composition is preferably carried out by sprinkling in the not yet reacted and at least slightly sticky plastic primer. This has the great advantage that the spread adhesive composition remains stuck to the surface of the adhering to the plastic film plastic primer and unwanted removal, for example by wind, the adhesive composition can be largely prevented.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird die Haftzusammensetzung in Form einer Folie eingesetzt. Dies erfolgt in Form des Aufbringens der Haftzusammensetzung in Form einer dünnen Folie. Eine derartige Haftzusammensetzungs-Folie kann beispielsweise in einem Folienwerk durch ein zumindest teilweises Aufschmelzen der Haftzusammensetzung und anschliessendes Extrudieren oder Kalandrieren hergestellt werden. Allenfalls kann es auch von Vorteil sein, wenn diese Haftzusammensetzungs-Folie ein Fasergewebe oder -vlies enthält oder mit einem ein Fasergewebe oder -vlies verbunden, z. B. an-extruidert, wird. Nach dem Abkühlen kann diese Folie einfach gerollt und somit einfach gelagert, beziehungsweise transportiert, werden. So gelangt die Haftzusammensetzung einfach auf die Baustelle und kann dort abgerollt und auf die benötigten Dimensionen abgeschnitten werden. Dies ist ein sehr kosten- und zeiteffizienter Arbeitsschritt. Grundsätzlich ist die Oberfläche einer derartigen Haftzusammensetzungs-Folie klebfrei. Es kann aber dennoch von Vorteil sein, die Oberfläche der Haftzusammensetzungs-Folie mit einem Trennpapier, beispielsweise einem silikonisierten Papier, zu schützen, um das allfällige Risiko, dass während der Lagerzeit die einzelnen Schichten einer Rolle miteinander verkleben, ausschliessen zu können. Die Verwendung einer Haftzusammensetzungs-Folie hat den grossen Vorteil, dass die Haftzusammensetzung grossflächig und homogen verteilt ist und dass die ungewollte Entfernung, beispielsweise durch Wind, der Haftzusammensetzung weitgehend verhindert werden kann. Es kann unter Umständen auch hilfreich sein, wenn auf der einen Oberfläche einer derartigen Haftzusammensetzungs-Folie ein Haftklebstoff (Pressure Sensitive Adhesive) angebracht wird, um eine bessere Fixierung der Haftzusammensetzungs-Folie auf der Kunststofffolie während dem Fahrbahnaufbau-Herstellung zu erreichen. In diesem Fall ist die Verwendung eines Trennpapiers besonders zu empfehlen, um eine ungewolltes Verkleben der einzelnen Lagen untereinander zu verhindern, insbesondere wenn sie gerollt werden.In a further preferred embodiment, the adhesive composition is used in the form of a film. This is done in the form of applying the adhesive composition in the form of a thin film. Such an adhesive composition film can be produced, for example, in a film factory by at least partial melting of the adhesive composition and subsequent extrusion or calendering. At most, it may also be advantageous if this adhesive composition film contains a fiber fabric or fleece or connected to a fiber fabric or fleece, z. B. an-extruidert, is. After cooling, this film can be easily rolled and thus easily stored or transported. Thus, the adhesive composition is simply on the site and can be unrolled and cut to the required dimensions. This is a very cost and time efficient work step. Basically, the surface of such an adhesive composition film is tack-free. However, it may be advantageous to be able to protect the surface of the adhesive composition film with a release paper, for example a siliconized paper, in order to be able to rule out the possible risk of the individual layers of a roll sticking together during the storage time. The use of an adhesive composition film has the great advantage that the adhesive composition is distributed over a large area and homogeneously and that the unwanted removal, for example by wind, of the adhesive composition can be largely prevented. It may also be helpful if a pressure sensitive adhesive is applied to one surface of such an adhesive composition film to achieve better fixation of the adhesive composition film to the plastic film during pavement fabrication. In this case, the use of a release paper is particularly recommended to prevent accidental sticking of the individual layers with each other, especially when they are rolled.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird auf die in Schritt (ii) aufgebrachte Kunststofffolie die Haftzusammensetzung in geschmolzenem Zustand aufgetragen. Dies erfolgt typischerweise, indem die Haftzusammensetzung vor Ort mittels einer Aufwärmvorrichtung aufgeschmolzen wird und beispielsweise in geschmolzenem Zustand aufgesprüht oder aufgerekelt wird. Durch das Abkühlen verfestigt sich die Haftzusammensetzung zu einem dünnen auf der Kunststofffolie haftenden Film.In a further preferred embodiment, the adhesive composition is applied in a molten state to the plastic film applied in step (ii). This is typically done by melting the adhesive composition in place by means of a warm-up device and, for example, sprayed or whisked in the molten state. Upon cooling, the adhesive composition solidifies into a thin film adhered to the plastic film.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform schliesslich stellt die Haftzusammensetzung einen Dispersion dar, in welcher zumindest Epoxid-Festharz und thermoplastisches Polymer als Festkörperphase in einer Flüssigphase vorhanden sind. In diesem Fall wird die Haftzusammensetzung in Schritt (iii) direkt auf die Kunststofffolie aufgetragen. Die Flüssigphase wird insbesondere durch ein flüssiges reaktives Bindemittel, vorzugsweise ein Bindemittel auf Basis von zweikomponentigen Epoxiden, welche allenfalls noch Lösungsmittel oder Weichmacher aufweisen, gebildet. Am Ende der Offenzeit dieser Dispersion wird ein Film gebildet, welcher die festen Teile der Dispersion bindet. Dies hat den grossen Vorteil, dass diese Festkörperanteile der Haftzusammensetzung auf der Oberfläche auf der Kunststofffolie kleben bleiben und eine ungewollte Entfernung, beispielsweise durch Wind, der Haftzusammensetzung weitgehend verhindert werden kann.In a particularly preferred embodiment, finally, the adhesive composition is a dispersion in which at least solid epoxy resin and thermoplastic polymer are present as a solid phase in a liquid phase. In this case, the adhesive composition in step (iii) is applied directly to the plastic film. The liquid phase is formed in particular by a liquid reactive binder, preferably a binder based on two-component epoxides, which at most still have solvents or plasticizers. At the end of the open time of this dispersion, a film is formed which binds the solid parts of the dispersion. This has the great advantage that these solids content of the adhesive composition remain stuck to the surface of the plastic film and an unwanted removal, for example by wind, the adhesive composition can be largely prevented.
Im Schritt (iv) schliesslich wird eine Tragschicht auf Bitumenbasis aufgebracht.Finally, in step (iv), a bituminous base support layer is applied.
Es ist besonders vorteilhaft, wenn diese Tragschicht auf Bitumenbasis unmittelbar auf die Haftzusammensetzung aufgebracht wird.It is particularly advantageous if this bituminous base support layer is applied directly to the adhesive composition.
Diese Tragschicht stellt die Fahrbahn dar, welche in direktem Kontakt mit Fahrzeugen ist. Die bituminöse Tragschicht wird vor der Applikation auf eine Temperatur von typischerweise 140°C bis 160°C aufgeheizt und vorzugsweise mittels Walze aufgewalzt. Das Aufbringen der bituminösen Tragschicht ist dem Fachmann bestens bekannt und wird deshalb hier nicht weiter erörtert. Neben Bitumen kann die Tragschicht die dem Fachmann bekannten weiteren möglichen Bestandteile aufweisen. Der Fachmann kennt die Art und Menge der Bestandteile von Bitumen basierenden Zusammensetzungen, welche für die Erstellung von Fahrbahnen verwendet werden, bestens. Besonders wichtig hierbei ist die Tatsache, dass die Tragschicht üblicherweise in wesentlichem Umfang mineralische Füllstoffe, insbesondere Sand oder Splitt, aufweisen.This base layer represents the road surface, which is in direct contact with vehicles. The bituminous base layer is heated prior to application to a temperature of typically 140 ° C to 160 ° C and preferably rolled by means of a roll. The application of the bituminous support layer is well known to the person skilled in the art and will therefore not be discussed further here. In addition to bitumen, the base layer can have the other possible components known to those skilled in the art. One skilled in the art will be well aware of the nature and amount of the constituents of bitumen-based compositions used in pavement construction. Of particular importance here is the fact that the support layer usually to a significant extent mineral fillers, especially sand or grit have.
Die grundsätzliche Schwierigkeit der Gewährleistung eines guten Haftverbundes zwischen Kunststofffolie und Tragschicht lassen sich wohl auf diese Mischung aus mineralischen Bestandteilen und Bitumen zurückzuführen und lassen sich als Folge deren stark unterschiedlichen Hydrophilie, respektive Hydrophobie, und der damit zusammenhängenden unterschiedlichen Benetzungseigenschaften erklären.The fundamental difficulty of ensuring a good bond between plastic film and base layer can probably be attributed to this mixture of mineral constituents and bitumen and can be explained as a consequence of their greatly differing hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity and the associated different wetting properties.
Beim Kontaktieren des aufgeschmolzenen Bitumens mit der Haftzusammensetzung schmilzt das bei Raumtemperatur feste thermoplastische Polymer und allenfalls andere schmelzbaren Komponenten der Haftzusammensetzung je nach deren Schmelzpunkt an oder auf. Falls sie aufschmilzt, können sie eine weitgehend homogene Thermoplastschicht ausbilden oder sich auch im Bitumen oberflächennah lösen und eine Thermoplast-enhaltende Grenzphasenschicht ausbilden. Somit ist es durchaus im Wesen der vorliegenden Erfindung, dass die Haftzusammensetzung nicht eine zwangsläufig eine diskrete und individuelle Schicht ausbilden muss. Falls die Haftzusammensetzung ein chemisches oder physikalisches Treibmittel aufweist, wird beim Kontaktieren des aufgeschmolzenen Bitumens mit der Haftzusammensetzung das Treibmittel aktiviert und es wird insbesondere ein Gas freigesetzt. Es zeigte sich, dass die Haftverbesserung hierdurch noch verbessert wird, indem beim Testen der Anteil des kohäsiven Bruches als beobachtet wurde. Der Grund für diese Haftverbesserung ist noch nicht ganz geklärt. Es wird angenommen, dass durch die Gasentwicklung die Bitumenstruktur an der Grenzfläche modifiziert wird, wodurch insbesondere eine bessere mechanische Verkralllung von Bitumen und Haftzusammensetzung erreicht wird.When the molten bitumen is contacted with the adhesive composition, the thermoplastic polymer, which is solid at room temperature, and any other fusible components of the adhesive composition will melt or melt depending on their melting point. If it melts, they can form a largely homogeneous thermoplastic layer or dissolve in the bitumen near the surface and form a thermoplastic-containing boundary phase layer. Thus, it is well within the spirit of the present invention that the adhesive composition need not necessarily form a discrete and individual layer. If the adhesive composition comprises a chemical or physical blowing agent, upon contacting the molten bitumen with the adhesive composition the propellant is activated and in particular a gas is released. It was found that the adhesion improvement is thereby further improved by observing the proportion of cohesive breakage during testing. The reason for this detention improvement is not yet clear. Gas evolution is believed to modify the bitumen structure at the interface, which in particular achieves better mechanical entanglement of bitumen and adhesive composition.
Es wird auch als vorteilhaft angesehen, dass das Epoxid-Festharz bei erhöhter Temperatur, bereits alleine, vor allem aber unter dem Einfluss von Epoxid-Vernetzungskatalysatoren und/oder Härter für Epoxidharze, welcher durch erhöhte Temperatur aktiviert werden, und/oder Anhydridgruppenaufweisende Verbindungen vernetzen kann. Dies wird als einer der Gründe für die Erhöhung der Haftung angesehen. Es zeigte sich aber auch, dass die vorteilhaften Eigenschaften der vorliegenden Erfindung bei Abwesenheit des bei Raumtemperatur festen thermoplastischen Polymers nicht erreicht werden.It is also considered advantageous that the solid epoxy resin at elevated temperature, already alone, but especially under the influence of epoxy crosslinking catalysts and / or hardener for epoxy resins, which are activated by elevated temperature, and / or compounds having anhydride groups can crosslink , This is considered one of the reasons for the increase in liability. However, it has also been found that the advantageous properties of the present invention are not achieved in the absence of the thermoplastic polymer which is solid at room temperature.
Der so hergestellte Fahrbahnaufbau weist den wesentlichen Vorteil auf, dass ein lang andauernder Verbund unter den einzelnen Schichten untereinander gewährleistet ist, dass er auch unter grossen Achslasten langzeitig formstabil. Zudem ist der Verbund zwischen Kunststofffolie und des Bitumen äusserst stark gegenüber dem Stand der Technik verbessert worden. Es entstehen somit bedeutend weniger schnell Ermüdungsrisse, welche die Abdichtfunktion des Fahrbahnaufbaus beeinträchtigen könnten. Dieses hier vorgestellte Verfahren bietet somit nicht nur Zeitersparnis beim Herstellen des Fahrbahnaufbaus, sondern bringt weitere Ersparnisse beim Unterhalt mit sich, da die Reparatur oder Erneuerungsintervalle bedeutet verlängert werden können.The roadway construction produced in this way has the significant advantage that a long-lasting bond between the individual layers is ensured among each other, that it remains dimensionally stable for a long time even under heavy axle loads. In addition, the bond between the plastic film and the bitumen has been greatly improved over the prior art. This results in significantly less fatigue cracks that could affect the Abdichtfunktion the roadway structure. This method presented here thus not only saves time in the manufacture of the roadway structure, but brings further savings in maintenance, since the repair or renewal intervals means can be extended.
Ein weiterer Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung der vorgängig im Detail beschriebenen Haftzusammensetzung zur Erhöhung der Haftung von Bitumen auf Kunststoff.Another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of the adhesive composition described above in detail for increasing the adhesion of bitumen to plastic.
In einem weiteren Aspekt betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung einen Fahrbahnaufbau aufweisend eine Tragstruktur, insbesondere eine Betontragstruktur, deren Oberfläche mit einem Primer, insbesondere mit einem Betonprimer beschichtet ist, auf welchem eine Kunststofffolie angebracht ist, sowie eine Tragschicht auf Bitumenbasis und
- entweder eine zwischen Kunststofffolie und Tragschicht befindliche Haftschicht;
- oder einen modifizieren Bereich der Kunststofffolie und/oder Tragschicht im Grenzflächenbereich zwischen der Kunststofffolie und Tragschicht.
- either an adhesive layer located between the plastic film and the base layer;
- or a modified region of the plastic film and / or carrier layer in the interface region between the plastic film and the base layer.
Die Haftschicht ist hierbei auf Basis mindestens eines Epoxid-Festharzes und mindestens eines bei Raumtemperatur festen thermoplastischen Polymers aufgebaut.The adhesive layer is in this case based on at least one solid epoxy resin and at least one solid at room temperature thermoplastic polymer.
Der modifizierte Bereich der Kunststofffolie und/oder Tragschicht im Grenzflächenbereich zwischen der Kunststofffolie und Tragschicht ist hierbei mit mindestens einem Epoxid-Festharz und mindestens einem bei Raumtemperatur festen thermoplastischen Polymers modifiziert.The modified region of the plastic film and / or base layer in the interface region between the plastic film and the base layer is modified here with at least one solid epoxy resin and at least one thermoplastic polymer which is solid at room temperature.
Details zu den einzelnen Schichten und Materialien wurden bereits vorgängig beim Verfahren zur Herstellung des Fahrbahnaufbaus diskutiert.Details on the individual layers and materials have already been discussed previously in the process of producing the roadway structure.
Wie ebenfalls bereits besprochen, entsteht bei der Herstellung entweder eine diskrete Zwischenschicht der Haftzusammensetzung und bildet die Haftschicht aus oder Kunststofffolie und/oder Tragschicht werden durch die Haftzusammensetzung modifiziert, so dass sich die Zusammensetzung des grenzflächennahen Bereichs von Kunststofffolie und/oder Tragschicht chemisch von der Zusammensetzung des grenzflächenfernen Bereich Kunststofffolie und/oder Tragschicht unterscheidet. Die Dicke des modifizieren Bereiches ist stark abhängig von der Migrationsfähigkeit der in der Haftzusammensetzung enthaltenden Bestandteile und der Temperatur des Bitumens bei der Applikation sowie dessen Abkühlverhalten dauer. Die Migrationsfähigkeit ist beispielsweise auch abhängig von Molekulargewicht und Polarität dieser Bestandteile. Üblicherweise ist die Grenze dieses modifizierten Bereiches nicht scharf sondern graduell ausgebildet.As previously discussed, either a discrete intermediate layer of the adhesive composition is formed during manufacture and forms the adhesive layer, or the plastic film and / or backing layer are modified by the adhesive composition such that the composition of the near-surface region of plastic film and / or backing layer chemically differs from the composition the area remote from the plastic film and / or base layer differs. The thickness of the modified region is highly dependent on the migration ability of the ingredients contained in the adhesive composition and the temperature of the bitumen in the application and its cooling behavior duration. For example, the migration ability is also dependent on the molecular weight and polarity of these constituents. Usually, the boundary of this modified area is not sharp but gradually formed.
Im Folgenden werden anhand der Zeichnungen Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher erläutert. Gleiche Elemente sind in den verschiedenen Figuren mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen. Bewegungen sind mit Pfeilen angegeben.In the following, embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. The same elements are provided in the various figures with the same reference numerals. Movements are indicated by arrows.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- einen Querschnitt durch eine Tragstruktur mit aufgebrachtem Primer und Kunststofffolie (Situation während bzw. nach Schritt (ii));
- Fig. 2
- einen Querschnitt durch eine Tragstruktur mit aufgebrachtem Primer und aufgebrachter Haftzusammensetzung (Situation nach Schritt (iii)) in einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform;
- Fig. 3
- einen Querschnitt durch eine Tragstruktur mit aufgebrachtem Primer und aufgebrachter Haftzusammensetzung (Situation nach Schritt (iii)) in einer zweiten bevorzugten Ausführungsform
- Fig. 4
- einen Querschnitt durch eine Tragstruktur mit aufgebrachtem Primer und aufgebrachter Haftzusammensetzung (Situation nach Schritt (iii)) in einer dritten bevorzugten Ausführungsform
- Fig. 5
- einen Querschnitt durch eine Tragstruktur mit aufgebrachtem Primer und aufgebrachter Haftzusammensetzung (Situation nach Schritt (iii)) in einer vierten bevorzugten Ausführungsform
- Fig. 6
- einen Querschnitt durch einen Fahrbahnaufbau mit Haftschicht
- Fig.7
- einen Querschnitt durch einen Fahrbahnaufbau mit modifizierten Bereich der Tragschicht und der Kunststofffolie.
- Fig. 1
- a cross section through a support structure with applied primer and plastic film (situation during or after step (ii));
- Fig. 2
- a cross-section through a support structure with applied primer and applied adhesive composition (situation after step (iii)) in a first preferred embodiment;
- Fig. 3
- a cross section through a support structure with applied primer and applied adhesive composition (situation after step (iii)) in a second preferred embodiment
- Fig. 4
- a cross-section through a support structure with applied primer and applied adhesive composition (situation after step (iii)) in a third preferred embodiment
- Fig. 5
- a cross section through a support structure with applied primer and applied adhesive composition (situation after step (iii)) in a fourth preferred embodiment
- Fig. 6
- a cross section through a roadway with adhesive layer
- Figure 7
- a cross section through a roadway construction with modified region of the support layer and the plastic film.
Die Zeichnungen sind schematisch. Es sind nur die für das unmittelbare Verständnis der Erfindung wesentlichen Elemente gezeigt.The drawings are schematic. Only the elements essential for the immediate understanding of the invention are shown.
- 11
- Fahrbahnaufbauroad construction
- 22
- Tragstruktur, BetontragstrukturSupport structure, concrete support structure
- 33
- Primer, BetonprimerPrimer, concrete primer
- 44
- KunststofffoliePlastic film
- 55
- Haftzusammensetzungadhesive composition
- 5'5 '
-
Haftzusammensetzung 5 in Form eines Granulates
Adhesive composition 5 in the form of granules - 5"5 '
-
Haftzusammensetzung 5 in Form einer Folie
Adhesive composition 5 in the form of a film - 5'"5 ''
-
Haftzusammensetzung 5 in Form einer Dispersion
Adhesive composition 5 in the form of a dispersion - 66
- KunststoffprimerPlastic primer
- 7'7 '
- Haftschichtadhesive layer
- 7"7 "
- mit Haftzusammensetzung modifizierten Grenzflächenbereich der Kunststofffolie 4Adhesive composition modified interface area of the plastic film 4
- 7'"7 ''
- mit Haftzusammensetzung modifizierten Grenzflächenbereich der Tragschicht 8Adhesive composition modified interface area of the base layer 8
- 88th
- Tragschicht auf BitumenbasisBase layer based on bitumen
- 99
- Haftklebstoffadhesive
- 1010
- Trennfolierelease film
Es wurden die Zusammensetzungen gemäss Gewichtsteilen in Tabelle 1 hergestellt, in dem die Bestandteile in einem Doppelschneckenextruder bei einer Temperatur von 80°C miteinander vermischt wurden. Durch anschliessende Stranggranulierung wurde ein Granulat mit einem Granualtdurchmesser von 1 bis 3 mm erhalten.
2 MAM-EVA: Maleinsäureanhydrid-gegepfropftes Ethylen/Vinylacetat-Copolymer (Maleinsäureanhydrid-Anteil: 0.27 Gew.-%)
2 MAM-EVA: maleic anhydride grafted ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (maleic anhydride content: 0.27% by weight)
Als Modell für einen Fahrbahnaufbau und zum Testen der mechanischen Werte wurden jeweils Beton-Platten der Grösse 50 x 50 x 6cm mit Sikafloor®-156 (Primer, basierend auf 2-Komponenten-Epoxidharz, erhältlich bei Sika Schweiz AG) als Betonprimer in einer Menge von 0.3 bis 0.4 kg/m2 beschichtet. Der Primer wurde mittels Filzroller aufgetragen. Nach einer Ablüftezeit von 12 Stunden wurde Sikalastic®-821 LV (2-Komponenten-Polyurethanzusammensetzung) maschinell mittels einer 2-Komponenten-Hochdruckspritzanlage aufgespritzt, so dass sich eine Kunststoff-Folie bildete. Anschliessend wurde nach einer Wartezeit von 2 Stunden Sikafloor®-161 (erhältlich bei Sika Schweiz AG) als Kunststoffprimer in einer Menge von 0.3 bis 0.4 kg/m2 mittels Filzroller aufgetragen. Es wurden anschliessend jeweils Granulate der Zusammensetzungen gemäss Tabelle 1 in einer Menge von 0.8 bis 1.0 kg/m2 auf den noch klebrigen Kunststoffprimer aufgestreut. Nach einer Wartezeit von 24 Stunden wurde in zwei Arbeitsgängen ein auf 160°C aufgeheizter Walz-Asphalt AC T 16 N 70/100 in einer Menge von 0.8 bis 1.0 kg/m2 aufgetragen, so dass sich jeweils eine Schichtdicke von 4 cm ergab, und eingewalzt.As a model for a roadway structure and to test the mechanical values, concrete panels of the size 50 x 50 x 6 cm with Sikafloor®-156 (primer, based on 2-component epoxy resin, available from Sika Schweiz AG) were used as concrete primer in an amount coated from 0.3 to 0.4 kg / m 2 . The primer was applied using a felt roller. After a ventilation time After 12 hours, Sikalastic®-821 LV (2-component polyurethane composition) was machine-sprayed by means of a 2-component high-pressure spray system to form a plastic film. Subsequently, after a waiting time of 2 hours, Sikafloor®-161 (available from Sika Schweiz AG) was applied as a plastic primer in a quantity of 0.3 to 0.4 kg / m 2 using a felt roller. In each case granules of the compositions according to Table 1 were then sprinkled in an amount of 0.8 to 1.0 kg / m 2 onto the still sticky plastic primer. After a waiting time of 24 hours, an asphalt asphalt AC T 16 N 70/100 heated to 160 ° C. was applied in two passes in an amount of 0.8 to 1.0 kg / m 2 , so that in each case a layer thickness of 4 cm resulted, and rolled.
Nach dem Erkalten wurde nach einem Tag die Schubfestigkeit ("SF") gemäss Norm EN-13653 geprüft sowie das erhalten Bruchbild visuell beurteilt. In allen Fällen zeigten sich stets ein Bruch entweder innerhalb der Asphaltschicht (Grenzflächennah) oder in der Grenzphase zwischen der jeweiligen Haftzusammensetzung und dem Asphalt. Die so erhaltenen Resultate sind in Tabelle 2 zusammengefasst.
3Kohäsiver Bruch innerhalb des Asphaltes
4Adhäsiver Bruch zwischen Asphalt und Granulat der jeweiligen Zusammensetzung
3 Cohesive fracture within the asphalt
4 Adhesive break between asphalt and granules of the respective composition
Die Resultate zeigen, dass die Vergleichsbeispiele Ref.1 und Ref.2 eine sehr hohen Anteil an adhäsivem Bruch aufweisen, während die erfindungsgemässen Bespiele einen sehr hohen Anteil an kohäsivem Bruch aufweisen. Die gemessen Schubfestigkeits-Werte der erfindungsgemässen Beispiele sind gegenüber den Vergleichsbeispielen merklich bis zuweilen stark erhöht.The results show that Comparative Examples Ref. 1 and Ref. 2 have a very high proportion of adhesive fracture, whereas the examples according to the invention have a very high proportion of cohesive fracture. The measured shear strength values of the examples according to the invention are noticeably, or sometimes greatly increased, compared to the comparative examples.
Claims (15)
- Method for the production of a roadway structure (1) that comprises the steps(i) Application of a primer (3) to a support structure (2), in particular application of a concrete primer (3) to a concrete structure (2);(ii) Application of a plastic film (4) to the support structure (2) that is primed
according to step (i);
and then(iii) Application of an adhesive composition (5) that containsa) At least one solid epoxide resinb) At least one thermoplastic polymer that is solid at room temperature
and(iv) Application of a bitumen-based support layer (8). - Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive composition (5) in addition contains a chemical or physical blowing agent.
- Method according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the thermoplastic polymer that is solid at room temperature is an ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the adhesive composition (5) is used in the form of a granulate (5').
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the adhesive composition (5) is used in the form of a film (5").
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the bitumen-based support layer (8) is applied directly to the adhesive composition (5).
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the thermoplastic polymer that is solid at room temperature has a softening point in the range of 80°C to 150°C, in particular from 90°C to 130°C.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the weight ratio of solid epoxide resin to thermoplastic polymer that is solid at room temperature is between 1:2 and 1:10, preferably between 1:4 and 1:8.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the plastic film (4) is a polyurethane fil in particular a sprayed two-component polyurethane film.
- Use of an adhesive composition (5) that containsa) At least one solid epoxide resinb) At least one thermoplastic polymer that is solid at room temperature to increase the adhesion of bitumen to plastic.
- Use according to Claim 10, wherein the thermoplastic polymer that is solid at room temperature is ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer.
- Use according to Claim 10 or 1 l, wherein the adhesive composition (5) in addition contains a chemical or physical blowing agent,
- Roadway structure (1) that has
a support structure (2), whose surface is coated with a primer (3), on which a plastic film (4) is applied,
as well as a bitumen-based support layer (8) and
either
an adhesive layer (7') located between a plastic film (4) and support layer (8);
or
a modified area (7", 7"') of the plastic film (4) and/or support layer (8) in the interface area between the plastic film (4) and support layer (8);
wherein
the adhesive layer (7') is designed on the basis of at least one solid epoxide resin and at least one thermoplastic polymer that is solid at room temperature, or wherein
the modified area (7", 7''') is modified with at least one solid epoxide resin and at least one thermoplastic polymer that is solid at room temperature. - Roadway structure (1) according to Claim 13, wherein the thermoplastic polymer that is solid at room temperature is an ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer.
- Roadway structure (1) according to one of Claims 13 or 14, wherein the plastic film (4) is a polyurethane film, in particular a sprayed film that consists of two-component polyurethanes.
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP09164780A EP2281948B1 (en) | 2009-07-07 | 2009-07-07 | Road structure with improved adhesion |
ES09164780T ES2394757T3 (en) | 2009-07-07 | 2009-07-07 | Road construction with improved adhesion properties |
RU2012104030/03A RU2532113C2 (en) | 2009-07-07 | 2010-07-07 | Road surface structure with improved adhesion properties |
AU2010270243A AU2010270243B2 (en) | 2009-07-07 | 2010-07-07 | Roadway structure having improved adhesive properties |
PCT/EP2010/059682 WO2011003927A1 (en) | 2009-07-07 | 2010-07-07 | Roadway structure having improved adhesive properties |
CN201080030796.5A CN102472024B (en) | 2009-07-07 | 2010-07-07 | Roadway structure having improved adhesive properties |
JP2012518976A JP5782028B2 (en) | 2009-07-07 | 2010-07-07 | Road structures with improved adhesive properties |
US13/346,003 US8534953B2 (en) | 2009-07-07 | 2012-01-09 | Roadway structure having improved adhesive properties |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP09164780A EP2281948B1 (en) | 2009-07-07 | 2009-07-07 | Road structure with improved adhesion |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2281948A1 EP2281948A1 (en) | 2011-02-09 |
EP2281948B1 true EP2281948B1 (en) | 2012-11-07 |
Family
ID=41367639
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09164780A Not-in-force EP2281948B1 (en) | 2009-07-07 | 2009-07-07 | Road structure with improved adhesion |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8534953B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2281948B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5782028B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102472024B (en) |
ES (1) | ES2394757T3 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2532113C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011003927A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP2192233A1 (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2010-06-02 | Sika Technology AG | Method for the sealing of roadways |
AT513000B1 (en) * | 2012-06-12 | 2014-08-15 | Rojek Helmut | Method for producing a roadway seal |
EP2685001A1 (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2014-01-15 | Sika Technology AG | Surface for roadways and method for its preparation |
CN103924495A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2014-07-16 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院(集团)有限公司 | Small and medium-sized steel bridge deck pavement system and implementation method |
CN103243626B (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2015-07-29 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | A kind of semi-rigid asphalt pavement durable construction being applicable to Heavy Traffic |
RU2582685C1 (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2016-04-27 | Лев Петрович Петренко | Method of forming transport road (versions) |
ES2718388T3 (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2019-07-01 | Sika Tech Ag | Application of a randomly deposited material for road construction with improved adhesive properties |
EP3095914B1 (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2021-01-27 | Sika Technology AG | Method for manufacturing a road structure |
CN107386109B (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2023-08-01 | 江西省交通科学研究院 | Bridge deck pavement structure |
RU176728U1 (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2018-01-25 | Акционерное общество "ОргСинтезРесурс" | Pavement design |
US20220081920A1 (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2022-03-17 | Stabl-Wall, LLC | System and method for repairing and/or strengthening a porous structure, and unidirectional carbon fiber material for use therewith |
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US1955421A (en) * | 1934-04-17 | Concrete structure and method of | ||
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DE2539333A1 (en) * | 1975-09-04 | 1977-03-17 | Hoechst Ag | Epoxide solid resin prepn. - from glycidyl ester, polyol, epoxide contg. hydroxyl gp. and diisocyanate |
US4319854A (en) * | 1977-12-19 | 1982-03-16 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Moisture control method and means for pavements and bridge deck constructions |
US4556338A (en) * | 1983-07-11 | 1985-12-03 | Tar Heel Technologies, Inc. | Method for reinforcing pavement |
DE3513487A1 (en) * | 1985-04-16 | 1986-10-23 | Rütgerswerke AG, 6000 Frankfurt | METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ROAD CEILINGS ON BRIDGES |
ATE53873T1 (en) * | 1985-08-08 | 1990-06-15 | Wettern Geb Gmbh Von Der | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING RIGID COATING SYSTEMS FOR STEEL ROAD PANELS WITH ASPHALT COVERINGS. |
US4909662A (en) * | 1989-01-13 | 1990-03-20 | Baker Robert L | Roadway and method of construction |
RU2134330C1 (en) * | 1997-09-15 | 1999-08-10 | Худайбердин Равиль Абдуллович | Roll-type roofing and watertight material |
JP2000170111A (en) * | 1998-12-02 | 2000-06-20 | Daito Sangyo Kk | Waterproof adhesion method of pavement and its structure |
WO2001044579A1 (en) * | 1999-12-17 | 2001-06-21 | Mitsui Chemicals, Incorporated | Road reinforcing sheet, structure of asphalt reinforced pavement and method for paving road |
RU20657U1 (en) * | 2001-08-06 | 2001-11-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ПРАС" | ROAD CLOTHING |
JP3956757B2 (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2007-08-08 | 三菱化学産資株式会社 | Floor slab waterproof structure |
JP4110002B2 (en) * | 2002-07-11 | 2008-07-02 | 大都産業株式会社 | Waterproof pavement construction method and structure of floor slab |
JP4225796B2 (en) * | 2002-07-11 | 2009-02-18 | 大都産業株式会社 | Waterproof pavement construction method and structure of floor slab |
WO2004076553A1 (en) * | 2003-02-25 | 2004-09-10 | Toda Kogyo Corporation | Resin composition for pavement |
AT413990B (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2006-08-15 | Toro Bausanierungs Und Handels | Preparing a sealing, useful for lane e.g. bridges and for a renewable wear coating, comprises applying resin, quartz sand, polyurethane film and bituminous substratum on the pre-treated concrete carriage way |
JP4909493B2 (en) * | 2003-09-19 | 2012-04-04 | 三和化工株式会社 | Resin foam sheet for adhesive, method for producing the same and road waterproofing method |
CN100419165C (en) * | 2004-05-14 | 2008-09-17 | 深圳市海川实业股份有限公司 | Waterproof structure for deck and construction method thereof |
AT505252B1 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2010-08-15 | Toro Bausanierungs Und Handels | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A TRACK CONSTRUCTION |
US8186117B2 (en) * | 2008-05-27 | 2012-05-29 | Eren Tumer H | System for creating a decking/flooring and a method for installing same |
CN101314936A (en) * | 2008-07-07 | 2008-12-03 | 重庆市智翔铺道技术工程有限公司 | Polyurea water-proof tack coat for bridge deck paving and construction method |
EP2192233A1 (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2010-06-02 | Sika Technology AG | Method for the sealing of roadways |
-
2009
- 2009-07-07 ES ES09164780T patent/ES2394757T3/en active Active
- 2009-07-07 EP EP09164780A patent/EP2281948B1/en not_active Not-in-force
-
2010
- 2010-07-07 CN CN201080030796.5A patent/CN102472024B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-07-07 JP JP2012518976A patent/JP5782028B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-07-07 RU RU2012104030/03A patent/RU2532113C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-07-07 WO PCT/EP2010/059682 patent/WO2011003927A1/en active Application Filing
-
2012
- 2012-01-09 US US13/346,003 patent/US8534953B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2281948A1 (en) | 2011-02-09 |
JP5782028B2 (en) | 2015-09-24 |
RU2532113C2 (en) | 2014-10-27 |
ES2394757T3 (en) | 2013-02-05 |
US20120170977A1 (en) | 2012-07-05 |
CN102472024B (en) | 2014-08-13 |
AU2010270243A1 (en) | 2012-02-23 |
RU2012104030A (en) | 2013-08-20 |
JP2012533007A (en) | 2012-12-20 |
WO2011003927A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
CN102472024A (en) | 2012-05-23 |
US8534953B2 (en) | 2013-09-17 |
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