EP2280177A2 - Charging device, in particular exhaust gas turbocharger for a motor vehicle - Google Patents
Charging device, in particular exhaust gas turbocharger for a motor vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2280177A2 EP2280177A2 EP10169668A EP10169668A EP2280177A2 EP 2280177 A2 EP2280177 A2 EP 2280177A2 EP 10169668 A EP10169668 A EP 10169668A EP 10169668 A EP10169668 A EP 10169668A EP 2280177 A2 EP2280177 A2 EP 2280177A2
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- compressor wheel
- expansion coefficient
- expansion
- charging device
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
- F04D29/266—Rotors specially for elastic fluids mounting compressor rotors on shafts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
- F01D5/025—Fixing blade carrying members on shafts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/02—Selection of particular materials
- F04D29/023—Selection of particular materials especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
- F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/284—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for compressors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/10—Metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds
- F05D2300/12—Light metals
- F05D2300/121—Aluminium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/10—Metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds
- F05D2300/13—Refractory metals, i.e. Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W
- F05D2300/133—Titanium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/50—Intrinsic material properties or characteristics
- F05D2300/502—Thermal properties
- F05D2300/5021—Expansivity
- F05D2300/50212—Expansivity dissimilar
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a charging device, in particular an exhaust gas turbocharger for a motor vehicle having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- the present invention addresses the problem of providing for a loading device an improved or at least another embodiment, which is characterized in particular by a possible increase in the initial clamping force with which the components are fixed on the shaft, without being in the entire field of application the permissible surface pressure of the elements clamped on the shaft is exceeded.
- the invention is based on the general idea, a combination of materials arranged on the compressor side of a shaft components and the shaft itself to make so that in a predetermined temperature range, an expansion coefficient of at least one component is smaller than an expansion coefficient of the compressor wheel.
- a temperature-induced expansion of the compressor wheel can be partially compensated by a smaller extent of the at least one component such that the expansion force resulting from the expansion of the compressor wheel and acting on the shaft is reduced. Since the compressor wheel, in combination with the at least one component, expands to a lesser extent relative to the shaft than the compressor wheel alone, the resulting clamping force is also reduced.
- the expansion coefficient of the at least one component is not only smaller than the expansion coefficient of the turbine wheel but even smaller than the coefficient of expansion of the shaft.
- FIG. 1 It shows, schematically, the only one Fig. 1 a compressor wheel fixed on a shaft.
- a compressor wheel 2 in a charging device 1, can be fixed on a shaft 3 by means of a fixing device 4.
- at least one further component such. B. a sealing bushing 5, an upstream, between the bushing 5 and compressor 2, arranged portion 6 of the sealing bushing 5 and / or a thrust washer 7 are positioned by the fixing device 4 together with the compressor 2 on the shaft 3.
- At least one is also arranged on the shaft 3 and together with the compressor 2 through the Fixing device 4 positioned component 5,6,7 made of a material whose expansion coefficient ⁇ 3 is smaller than the expansion coefficient ⁇ 1 of the compressor wheel 2. Due to such a material pairing stretches a combination of compressor 2 with an expansion coefficient ⁇ 1 and at least one component 5,6,7 with a smaller coefficient of expansion ⁇ 3 ( ⁇ 1 > ⁇ 3 ) relative to the shaft 3 less than the compressor 2 taken by itself.
- the expansion force resulting from the thermal expansion and acting on the shaft 3 is lower than in the case of a compressor wheel 2 made of an aluminum and / or titanium material and also arranged on the shaft components 4,5,6,7, which are made of a same material as the shaft 3 or have a similar coefficient of expansion ⁇ 2 as the shaft 3.
- the compressor 2 and other components 5,6,7 are fixed by the fixing device 4 on the shaft by bracing.
- an initial clamping force is to be selected so that in the case of an occurring by a temperature increase thermal expansion of all components by the resulting and acting on the shaft expansion force, the allowable surface pressure of the strained components 2,4,6,5,7 is not exceeded.
- both the fixing device 4 and the components 5, 6, 7 were made of the same material as the shaft 3, only the thermal expansion of the compressor wheel 2 would result in an expansion force occurring in addition to the clamping force and acting on the shaft 3 in the event of a temperature increase to lead. This is due to the fact that the expansion coefficient ⁇ 2 of the shaft due to the usual material pairing is smaller than the expansion coefficient ⁇ 1 of the compressor wheel 2.
- the expansion coefficient ⁇ 3 can be selected in a predetermined temperature range of the at least one component 5, 6, 7 such that it is even smaller than the expansion coefficient ⁇ 2 of the shaft 3.
- the shaft 3 would expand more than the at least one component 5, 6, 7 compared to the at least one component 5, 6, 7.
- the thermal expansion of the compressor wheel 2 which is accompanied by a temperature increase, can be compensated for almost completely or even with the appropriate design, almost completely. As a result, a further reduction of the temperature increase occurring by the expansion force is made possible.
- the shaft is made of steel or a steel alloy and the compressor wheel made of aluminum or titanium or an aluminum alloy and / or a titanium alloy.
- the expansion coefficient ⁇ 2 of the shaft 3 is smaller than the expansion coefficient ⁇ 1 of the compressor wheel 2 in any case.
- an alloy which, due to the Invar effect of the alloy, has an expansion coefficient ⁇ 3 which is abnormally low.
- Such alloys which have such an invariance of the elongation with respect to a change in temperature (Invar effect) can even have negative coefficients of thermal expansion in certain temperature ranges.
- expansion coefficients ⁇ 3 of at least one component 5, 6, 7 can be formed, which are almost zero with respect to negative.
- the principle of compensating the thermal expansion of the compressor wheel 2 by means of at least one component 5, 6, 7 with a lower coefficient of expansion can be applied to each component arranged on the shaft together with the compressor wheel 2 and positioned or clamped by the fixing device 4. So can be z. B. the components 5,6,7 with a comparison with the expansion coefficient ⁇ 1 of the compressor wheel 2 lower expansion coefficient ⁇ 3 form. It is also possible to design at least one fixing element of the fixing device 4 in such a way that the at least one fixing element has an expansion coefficient ⁇ f which is smaller than the expansion coefficient ⁇ 1 of the compressor wheel 2. Likewise, at least one such fixing element can be equipped with an expansion coefficient ⁇ f , which may also be smaller than the coefficient of expansion ⁇ 2 of the shaft portion.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Ladevorrichtung, insbesondere einen Abgasturbolader für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a charging device, in particular an exhaust gas turbocharger for a motor vehicle having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
Aus der
Auch Bauelemente, die verdichterseitig auf der Welle angeordnet sind, unterliegen, wie die Welle selbst, im Falle einer Temperaturerhöhung einer Wärmeausdehnung. Dabei ist es derzeit üblich, zumindest einige auf der Welle angeordnete Bauelemente aus einer mit der Welle einheitlichen Stahlsorte herzustellen. Für das Verdichterrad kann zur Gewichtsreduzierung üblicherweise ein Aluminium-oder Titanwerkstoff eingesetzt werden. Um einer Unwuchtbildung des Verdichterrads vorzubeugen, werden die auf der Welle angeordneten Bauelemente durch eine Fixiereinrichtung mit einer dementsprechenden, anfänglichen Spannkraft auf der Welle fixiert. Im Falle einer Temperaturerhöhung dehnt sich jedoch aufgrund des höheren Ausdehnungskoeffizienten das Verdichterrad aus z. B. einem Aluminium- oder Titanwerkstoff stärker aus, als die Welle, auf der das Verdichterrad angeordnet ist. Dadurch erhöht sich die Spannkraft mit der die Bauelemente auf der Welle fixiert werden zusätzlich um eine durch die stärkere Wärmeausdehnung des Verdichterrades hervorgerufene Ausdehnungskraft. Dementsprechend ist diese durch die Wärmeausdehnung auftretende Ausdehnungskraft bei der anfänglichen Spannkraft zu berücksichtigen, da sonst die zulässige Flächenpressung der verspannten Bauelemente überschritten werden kann und es im schlimmsten Fall zu einem Abreißen der Welle kommen kann. Es ist allerdings denkbar, dass die maximal zulässige anfängliche Spannkraft nicht immer für alle Einsatzbereiche der auf der Welle angeordneten Bauelemente ausreichend ist. Aufgrund einer zu geringen anfänglichen Spannkraft, die im Falle einer absinkenden Temperatur, z. B. im Winter, durch den großen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten des Verdichterrades zusätzlich noch abgeschwächt werden kann, kann es zu einem Verrutschen, Verdrehen oder Verkippen des Verdichterrades kommen. Daraus kann wiederum eine negative Unwuchtänderung des Verdichterrades resultieren, die als akustische Störung vom Kunden beanstandet werden könnte.Even components that are arranged on the compressor side on the shaft, like the shaft itself, in the event of a temperature increase, thermal expansion. It is currently customary to produce at least some components arranged on the shaft from a uniform steel grade with the shaft. For the compressor wheel can be used to reduce weight usually an aluminum or titanium material. In order to prevent the imbalance of the compressor wheel, the components arranged on the shaft are fixed on the shaft by a fixing device with a corresponding, initial tensioning force. In the case of a temperature increase, however, expands the compressor due to the higher expansion coefficient of z. B. an aluminum or titanium material stronger than the shaft on which the compressor wheel is arranged. This increases the clamping force with which the components are fixed on the shaft in addition to a caused by the greater thermal expansion of the compressor wheel expansion force. Accordingly, this expansion force occurring due to the thermal expansion is to be taken into account in the initial clamping force, since otherwise the permissible surface pressure of the clamped components can be exceeded and, in the worst case, the shaft can be torn off. However, it is conceivable that the maximum allowable initial clamping force is not always sufficient for all applications of arranged on the shaft components. Due to a too low initial tension, which in the case of a sinking temperature, for. B. in winter, can be additionally attenuated by the large expansion coefficients of the compressor wheel, it can lead to slipping, twisting or tilting of the compressor wheel. This in turn can result in a negative imbalance change of the compressor wheel, which could be objected to by the customer as an acoustic disturbance.
Die vorliegende Erfindung beschäftigt sich mit dem Problem, für eine Ladevorrichtung eine verbesserte oder zumindest eine andere Ausführungsform anzugeben, die sich insbesondere durch eine mögliche Erhöhung der anfänglichen Spannkraft, mit der die Bauelemente auf der Welle fixiert werden, auszeichnet, ohne dass in dem gesamten Einsatzbereich die zulässige Flächenpressung der auf der Welle verspannten Bauelemente überschritten wird.The present invention addresses the problem of providing for a loading device an improved or at least another embodiment, which is characterized in particular by a possible increase in the initial clamping force with which the components are fixed on the shaft, without being in the entire field of application the permissible surface pressure of the elements clamped on the shaft is exceeded.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dieses Problem durch den Gegenstand des unabhängigen Anspruchs gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.According to the invention, this problem is solved by the subject matter of the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.
Die Erfindung beruht auf dem allgemeinen Gedanken, eine Materialpaarung von verdichterseitig auf einer Welle angeordneten Bauelementen sowie der Welle selbst so vorzunehmen, dass in einem vorbestimmten Temperaturbereich ein Ausdehnungskoeffizient zumindest eines Bauelementes kleiner ist als ein Ausdehnungskoeffizient des Verdichterrades. Durch eine solche Materialpaarung kann teilweise eine temperaturbedingte Ausdehnung des Verdichterrades durch eine geringere Ausdehnung des zumindest einen Bauelementes so kompensiert werden, dass die durch die Ausdehnung des Verdichterrades resultierende und auf die Welle wirkende Ausdehnungskraft verringert ist. Da sich das Verdichterrad in Kombination mit dem zumindest einen Bauelement prozentual gegenüber der Welle weniger stark ausdehnt, als das Verdichterrad allein, ist auch die dadurch resultierende Spannkraft reduziert. Dies ermöglicht eine Erhöhung der anfänglichen Spannkraft, mit der die Bauelemente durch eine Fixiereinrichtung auf der Welle positioniert werden, da aufgrund der reduzierten, bei einer Temperaturerhöhung eintretenden Ausdehnungskraft, die maximale Flächenpressung der auf der Welle angeordneten und durch die Fixiereinrichtung positionierten Bauelemente nicht überschritten wird. Aufgrund einer dementsprechend erhöhten anfänglichen Spannkraft ist eine ausreichend stabile Positionierung des Verdichterrades zumindest bzgl. seiner Unwucht auf der Welle sichergestellt.The invention is based on the general idea, a combination of materials arranged on the compressor side of a shaft components and the shaft itself to make so that in a predetermined temperature range, an expansion coefficient of at least one component is smaller than an expansion coefficient of the compressor wheel. By such a combination of materials, a temperature-induced expansion of the compressor wheel can be partially compensated by a smaller extent of the at least one component such that the expansion force resulting from the expansion of the compressor wheel and acting on the shaft is reduced. Since the compressor wheel, in combination with the at least one component, expands to a lesser extent relative to the shaft than the compressor wheel alone, the resulting clamping force is also reduced. This makes it possible to increase the initial tensioning force with which the components are positioned on the shaft by a fixing device, since the maximum surface pressure of the components arranged on the shaft and positioned by the fixing device is not exceeded due to the reduced expansion force occurring when the temperature increases. Due to a correspondingly increased initial tension force, a sufficiently stable positioning of the compressor wheel is ensured at least with regard to its imbalance on the shaft.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist in dem vorbestimmten Temperaturbereich der Ausdehnungskoeffizient des zumindest einen Bauelementes nicht nur kleiner als der Ausdehnungskoeffizient des Turbinenrades sondern sogar kleiner als der Ausdehnungskoeffizient der Welle. Dadurch lässt sich oben beschriebener Effekt vergrößern und demgemäß kann auch die anfängliche Spannkraft weiter erhöht werden.In a preferred embodiment, in the predetermined temperature range, the expansion coefficient of the at least one component is not only smaller than the expansion coefficient of the turbine wheel but even smaller than the coefficient of expansion of the shaft. As a result, the effect described above can be increased, and accordingly, the initial clamping force can be further increased.
Weitere wichtige Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, aus der Zeichnung und aus der zugehörigen Figurenbeschreibung anhand der Zeichnung.Other important features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, from the drawing and from the associated description of the figures with reference to the drawing.
Es versteht sich, dass die vorstehend genannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen.It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination given, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert.A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be explained in more detail in the following description.
Es zeigt, schematisch, die einzige
Wie in
Üblicherweise werden durch die Fixiereinrichtung 4 das Verdichterrad 2 sowie weitere Bauelemente 5,6,7 auf der Welle durch Verspannung fixiert. Dabei ist eine anfängliche Spannkraft so zu wählen, dass im Falle einer durch eine Temperaturerhöhung eintretenden Wärmeausdehnung aller Komponenten durch die entstehende und auf die Welle wirkende Ausdehnungskraft die zulässige Flächenpressung der verspannten Bauteile 2,4,6,5,7 nicht überschritten wird. Wären sowohl die Fixiereinrichtung 4 als auch die Bauelemente 5,6,7 aus einem gleichen Material hergestellt, wie die Welle 3, so würde ausschließlich die Wärmeausdehnung des Verdichterrades 2 zu einer zusätzlich zur Spannkraft auftretenden und auf die Welle 3 wirkenden Ausdehnungskraft im Falle einer Temperaturerhöhung führen. Dies kommt deshalb zustande, da der Ausdehnungskoeffizient α2 der Welle aufgrund der üblichen Materialpaarung kleiner ist, als der Ausdehnungskoeffizient α1 des Verdichterrades 2. Im Falle einer Temperaturerhöhung ist somit unter anderem die entlang der Welle eintretende Ausdehnung des Verdichterrades 2 größer als die Längenausdehnung der Welle 3. Dadurch kommt es, da der axiale Platz des Verdichterrades 2 auf der Welle 3 durch die Fixiereinrichtung 4 beschränkt ist, zu einer aufgrund der Wärmeausdehnung resultierenden Ausdehnungskraftwirkung auf die Welle 3. Deshalb muss die anfängliche Spannkraft, mit der die Bauteile 2,5,6,7 auf der Welle positioniert werden, so gewählt werden, dass auch im Falle einer Wärmeausdehnung die maximal zulässige Flächenpressung der miteinander verspannten Bauteile 2,4,5,6,7 nicht überschritten wird.Usually, the
Nun ist es möglich, diese anfängliche Spannkraft zu erhöhen, wenn zumindest eines der Bauelemente 5,6,7 mit einem Ausdehnungskoeffizienten α3 ausgestattet wird, der zumindest kleiner ist als der Ausdehnungskoeffizient α1 des Verdichterrades 2. Durch eine solche Maßnahme lässt sich die aufgrund der Temperaturerhöhung einstellende Ausdehnungskraft verringern, wodurch es möglich wird, die anfängliche Spannkraft zu erhöhen. Dies hat wiederum den Vorteil, dass im gesamten, vorbestimmten und betrachteten Temperaturbereich, bzw. dem Betriebsbereich der Ladevorrichtung 1, die auf die Bauteile 2,4,6,5,7 wirkende Spannkraft in einem Bereich bleibt, in dem weder die zulässige Flächenpressung der verspannten Bauteile 2,4,5,6,7 überschritten wird, noch die auf die Bauteile 2,5,6,7 wirkende Spannkraft, z. B. aufgrund einer Temperaturerniedrigung, soweit abfällt, dass es zu einem Verrutschen, Verdrehen oder Verkippen zumindest des Verdichterrades 2 kommt.Now, it is possible to increase this initial clamping force, if at least one of the components 5,6,7 is equipped with an expansion coefficient α 3, which is at least smaller than the expansion coefficient α 1 of the
Dabei folgt die Wärmeausdehnung folgender Formel
wobei: α Längenausdehnungskoeffizient
I Länge
x Dimension von 1 bis 3
und die aufgrund der Längenausdehnung resultierenden Kräfte dem Hookschen Gesetz gemäß der Formel:
mit E Elastizitätsmodul
A Querschnittsfläche.The thermal expansion follows the following formula
where: α coefficient of linear expansion
I length
x dimension from 1 to 3
and the forces resulting from the length expansion according to Hooke's law according to the formula:
with E modulus of elasticity
A cross-sectional area.
Somit tritt aufgrund der Längenausdehnung ΔI des Verdichterrades 2, die sich aufgrund des geringeren Ausdehnungskoeffizienten α2 der Welle 3 nur unvollständig ausbilden kann, eine Dehnung der Welle 3 und eine Stauchung der auf der Welle 3 angeordneten Bauteile 2,4,5,6,7 auf.Thus, due to the longitudinal extent .DELTA.I of the
Bevorzugt kann der Ausdehnungskoeffizient α3 in einem vorbestimmten Temperaturbereich des zumindest einen Bauelements 5,6,7 so gewählt werden, dass er sogar kleiner als der Ausdehnungskoeffizient α2 der Welle 3 ist. In diesem Fall würde sich die Welle 3 gegenüber dem zumindest einen Bauelement 5,6,7 stärker ausdehnen als das zumindest eine Bauelement 5,6,7. Dadurch kommt es zu einem Platzgewinn im Falle einer Wärmeausdehnung bei einer Temperaturerhöhung, der der Wärmeausdehnung des Verdichterrades 2 zur Verfügung steht. Durch diese Materialverpaarung kann die aufgrund einer mit einer Temperaturerhöhung einhergehenden Wärmeausdehnung des Verdichterrades 2 stärker oder sogar bei dementsprechender Ausbildung, nahezu vollständig kompensiert werden. Dadurch ist eine weitere Verminderung der durch Temperaturerhöhung eintretenden Ausdehnungskraft ermöglicht. Dies ist im Prinzip bei allen Ladevorrichtungen 1 durchführbar, bei denen z. B. die Welle aus Stahl oder einer Stahllegierung hergestellt ist und das Verdichterrad aus Aluminium oder Titan oder einer Aluminiumlegierung und/oder einer Titanlegierung hergestellt ist. In diesem Fall ist der Ausdehnungskoeffizient α2 der Welle 3 in jedem Fall kleiner als der Ausdehnungskoeffizient α1 des Verdichterrades 2.Preferably, the expansion coefficient α 3 can be selected in a predetermined temperature range of the at least one component 5, 6, 7 such that it is even smaller than the expansion coefficient α 2 of the
Bevorzugt wird für zumindest ein solches Bauelement 5,6,7 eine Legierung verwendet, die aufgrund des Invar-Effektes der Legierung einen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten α3 aufweist, der anomal niedrig ist. Solche Legierungen, die eine derartige Invarianz der Dehnung bzgl. einer Temperaturänderung aufweisen (Invar-Effekt) können sogar in bestimmten Temperaturbereichen negative Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten aufweisen. Dadurch lassen sich Ausdehnungskoeffizienten α3 von zumindest einem Bauteil 5,6,7 ausbilden, die nahezu null bzgl. negativ sind.Preferably, for at least one such component 5, 6, 7, an alloy is used which, due to the Invar effect of the alloy, has an expansion coefficient α 3 which is abnormally low. Such alloys, which have such an invariance of the elongation with respect to a change in temperature (Invar effect) can even have negative coefficients of thermal expansion in certain temperature ranges. As a result, expansion coefficients α 3 of at least one component 5, 6, 7 can be formed, which are almost zero with respect to negative.
Das Prinzip, die Wärmeausdehnung des Verdichterrades 2 durch zumindest ein Bauelement 5,6,7 mit einem geringeren Ausdehnungskoeffizienten zu kompensieren, kann für jedes zusammen mit dem Verdichterrad 2 auf der Welle angeordneten und durch die Fixiereinrichtung 4 positionierten bzw. verspannten Bauteil angewendet werden. So lassen sich z. B. die Bauelemente 5,6,7 mit einem im Vergleich zu dem Ausdehnungskoeffizienten α1 des Verdichterrades 2 geringeren Ausdehnungskoeffizienten α3 ausbilden. Ebenso ist es möglich, zumindest ein Fixierelement der Fixiereinrichtung 4 so auszubilden, dass das zumindest eine Fixierelement einen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten αf aufweist, der kleiner ist als der Ausdehnungskoeffizient α1 des Verdichterrades 2. Ebenso lässt sich zumindest ein solches Fixierelement mit einem Ausdehnungskoeffizienten αf ausstatten, der auch kleiner als der Ausdehnungskoeffizient α2 des Wellenabschnittes sein kann. Dies lässt sich, ebenso wie bei den Bauelementen 5,6,7 durch eine Legierung erreichen, die einen Invar-Effekt aufweist. Dadurch ist der Ausdehnungskoeffizient αf der Legierung eines solchen Fixierelementes anomal niedrig und durch eine solche Ausbildung des Ausdehnungskoeffizienten αf lässt sich die oben beschriebene Kompensation der Wärmeausdehnung des Verdichterrades 2 bewerkstelligen. Dabei ist es möglich, dass ein solches Fixierelement z. B. als Wellenmutter ausgebildet ist. *****The principle of compensating the thermal expansion of the
Claims (12)
dass zumindest in einem vorbestimmten Temperaturbereich ein Ausdehnungskoeffizient (α3) des zumindest einen Bauelements (5,6,7) kleiner ist, als ein Ausdehnungskoeffizient (α1) des Verdichterrades (2).
that an expansion coefficient (α 3 ) of the at least one component (5, 6, 7) is smaller, at least in a predetermined temperature range, than an expansion coefficient (α 1 ) of the compressor wheel (2).
dadurch gekennzeichnet.
dass in dem vorbestimmten Temperaturbereich ein Ausdehnungskoeffizient (α2) der Welle (3) kleiner ist, als der Ausdehnungskoeffizient (α1) des Verdichterrades (2).Loading device (1) according to claim 1,
characterized.
that in the predetermined temperature range has an expansion coefficient (α 2) of the shaft (3) is smaller than the coefficient of expansion (α 1) of the compressor wheel (2).
dadurch gekennzeichnet.
dass in dem vorbestimmten Temperaturbereich der Ausdehnungskoeffizient (α3) des zumindest einen Bauelements (5,6,7) kleiner ist, als der Ausdehnungskoeffizient (α2) der Welle (3).Charging device (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized.
that in the predetermined temperature range, the expansion coefficient (α 3 ) of the at least one component (5, 6, 7) is smaller than the expansion coefficient (α 2 ) of the shaft (3).
dadurch gekennzeichnet.
dass die Welle (3) aus Stahl oder einer Stahllegierung hergestellt ist.Charging device (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized.
that the shaft (3) is made of steel or a steel alloy.
dadurch gekennzeichnet.
dass das Verdichterrad (2) aus Aluminium oder Titan oder einer Aluminiumlegierung und/oder Titanlegierung hergestellt ist.Charging device (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized.
that the compressor (2) made of aluminum or titanium or an aluminum alloy and / or titanium alloy.
dadurch gekennzeichnet.
dass zumindest ein solches Bauelement (5,6,7) aus einer Legierung ausgebildet ist, wobei aufgrund des INVAR-Effektes der Legierung der Ausdehnungskoeffizient (α3) des zumindest einen Bauelements (5,6,7) anomal niedrig ist.Charging device (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized.
in that at least one such component (5, 6, 7) is formed from an alloy, the expansion coefficient (α 3 ) of the at least one component (5, 6, 7) being abnormally low due to the INVAR effect of the alloy.
dadurch gekennzeichnet.
dass der Ausdehnungskoeffizient (α3) des zumindest einen Bauelements (5,6,7) nahezu null oder negativ ist.Charging device (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized.
that the coefficient of expansion (α 3) of the at least one component (5,6,7) is nearly zero or negative.
dadurch gekennzeichnet.
dass zumindest ein Fixierelement der Fixiereinrichtung (4) einen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten (αf) aufweist, der kleiner als der Ausdehnungskoeffizient (α1) des Verdichterrades (2) ist.Charging device (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized.
in that at least one fixing element of the fixing device (4) has an expansion coefficient (α f ) which is smaller than the expansion coefficient (α 1 ) of the compressor wheel (2).
dadurch gekennzeichnet.
dass zumindest ein solches Fixierelement einen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten (αf) aufweist, der kleiner als der Ausdehnungskoeffizient (α2) des Wellenabschnittes ist.Loading device (1) according to claim 8,
characterized.
in that at least one such fixing element has an expansion coefficient (α f ) which is smaller than the expansion coefficient (α 2 ) of the shaft section.
dadurch gekennzeichnet.
dass zumindest ein solches Fixierelement aus einer Legierung ausgebildet ist, wobei aufgrund des INVAR-Effektes der Legierung der Ausdehnungskoeffizient (αf) des zumindest einen Fixierelements anomal niedrig ist.Loading device (1) according to claim 8 or 9,
characterized.
that at least one such fixing element is formed of an alloy, wherein due to the INVAR effect of the alloy, the expansion coefficient (α f ) of the at least one fixing element is abnormally low.
dadurch gekennzeichnet.
dass zumindest ein solches Fixierelement als Wellenmutter ausgebildet ist.Charging device (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized.
that at least one such fixing element is designed as a shaft nut.
dadurch gekennzeichnet.
dass zumindest ein solches Bauelement (5,6,7) als eine Dichtungsbuchse (5), als ein Teil (6) der Dichtungsbuchse (5) oder als eine Anlaufscheibe (7) ausgebildet ist.Charging device (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized.
in that at least one such component (5, 6, 7) is designed as a sealing bush (5), as a part (6) of the sealing bush (5) or as a thrust washer (7).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102009035629A DE102009035629A1 (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2009-07-31 | Charging device, in particular exhaust gas turbocharger for a motor vehicle |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2280177A2 true EP2280177A2 (en) | 2011-02-02 |
EP2280177A3 EP2280177A3 (en) | 2012-01-11 |
EP2280177B1 EP2280177B1 (en) | 2016-03-30 |
Family
ID=42617406
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10169668.0A Not-in-force EP2280177B1 (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2010-07-15 | Charging device, in particular exhaust gas turbocharger for a motor vehicle |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110033282A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2280177B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102009035629A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2467967B (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2015-04-22 | Dyson Technology Ltd | Rotor assembly |
GB2487921B (en) | 2011-02-08 | 2013-06-12 | Dyson Technology Ltd | Rotor for a turbomachine |
DE102016119233A1 (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2018-04-12 | Ihi Charging Systems International Gmbh | Tool for an exhaust gas turbocharger and turbocharger |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19653210A1 (en) | 1995-12-21 | 1997-06-26 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | Electroplated nitrogen-containing iron layer |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3019039A (en) * | 1956-04-09 | 1962-01-30 | Fairchild Stratos Corp | Means for mounting a body on a rotating shaft |
DE3039961A1 (en) * | 1980-10-23 | 1982-06-03 | Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg | Exhaust turbocharger with ceramic turbine shaft - has ceramic shaft connected to metal compressor shaft with radial bearings |
JPS60132001A (en) * | 1983-12-19 | 1985-07-13 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Turbine shaft |
JP3127471B2 (en) * | 1990-12-18 | 2001-01-22 | 日立金属株式会社 | Low thermal expansion super heat resistant alloy |
JP3294491B2 (en) * | 1995-12-20 | 2002-06-24 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Turbocharger for internal combustion engine |
US6171009B1 (en) * | 1998-10-20 | 2001-01-09 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Method and apparatus for temperature-stabilizing a joint |
US6481970B2 (en) * | 2000-06-28 | 2002-11-19 | Honeywell International Inc. | Compressor wheel with prestressed hub and interference fit insert |
US6364634B1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-04-02 | General Motors Corporation | Turbocharger rotor with alignment couplings |
US20020128076A1 (en) * | 2000-11-02 | 2002-09-12 | Capstone Turbine Corporation | Method and apparatus to permit maintenance of tie bolt clamp load for extended temperature ranges |
US20030037546A1 (en) * | 2001-01-22 | 2003-02-27 | Kapich Davorin D. | Hydraulic turbine drive with multi-material wheel |
US6896479B2 (en) * | 2003-04-08 | 2005-05-24 | General Motors Corporation | Turbocharger rotor |
WO2006043556A1 (en) * | 2004-10-19 | 2006-04-27 | Komatsu Ltd. | Turbo machine, compressor impeller used for turbo machine, and method of manufacturing turbo machine |
JP4595758B2 (en) * | 2005-09-09 | 2010-12-08 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Turbocharger |
JP4755071B2 (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2011-08-24 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Exhaust turbocharger |
DE102007012641A1 (en) * | 2007-03-16 | 2008-09-18 | Daimler Ag | Tool for an exhaust gas turbocharger |
-
2009
- 2009-07-31 DE DE102009035629A patent/DE102009035629A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-07-15 EP EP10169668.0A patent/EP2280177B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-07-30 US US12/847,239 patent/US20110033282A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19653210A1 (en) | 1995-12-21 | 1997-06-26 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | Electroplated nitrogen-containing iron layer |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2280177B1 (en) | 2016-03-30 |
EP2280177A3 (en) | 2012-01-11 |
US20110033282A1 (en) | 2011-02-10 |
DE102009035629A1 (en) | 2011-02-17 |
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