EP2275207A1 - Discontinuous centrifuge with a washing control device and a method for operating the centrifuge - Google Patents
Discontinuous centrifuge with a washing control device and a method for operating the centrifuge Download PDFInfo
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- EP2275207A1 EP2275207A1 EP09075317A EP09075317A EP2275207A1 EP 2275207 A1 EP2275207 A1 EP 2275207A1 EP 09075317 A EP09075317 A EP 09075317A EP 09075317 A EP09075317 A EP 09075317A EP 2275207 A1 EP2275207 A1 EP 2275207A1
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- centrifuge
- filling material
- washing
- light
- discontinuous
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
- B04B11/04—Periodical feeding or discharging; Control arrangements therefor
- B04B11/043—Load indication with or without control arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B15/00—Other accessories for centrifuges
- B04B15/12—Other accessories for centrifuges for drying or washing the separated solid particles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a discontinuous centrifuge for solid-liquid separation of a crystal suspension and a method for controlling the operation of the discontinuous centrifuge with a washing control device.
- a discontinuous centrifuge is known for solid-liquid separation of crystal suspensions in the production of food.
- magmas are intermediates whose solid and liquid fractions are separated from the batch centrifuge in batches in successive steps.
- the discontinuous centrifuge has a centrifuge drum which is filled at the beginning of each operation with the crystal suspension as a product, the centrifuge rotating at a speed of 100 to 250 revolutions per minute. After completing the filling of the centrifuge drum, which then contains a predetermined amount of the contents, the centrifuge drum is accelerated to a speed in the range of 980 to 1500 revolutions per minute. This speed is maintained until a desired drying progress is achieved in the medium.
- the centrifuge drum is decelerated again and with a clearing device, the contents are removed from the centrifuge drum.
- the operation is completed and a new batch of crystal suspension is filled in the centrifuge drum in a subsequent step, hurled and cleared.
- the crystals of the crystal suspension are washed with a suitable washing medium, for example syrup, water or steam.
- a suitable washing medium for example syrup, water or steam.
- the washing is carried out by means of a constant washing liquid stream, the is sprayed on the free surface of the medium during a predetermined period of time.
- the amount of washing liquid supplied to the centrifuge drum is constant for each batch and dissolves the same amount of crystals per working step.
- the dissolved crystals are re-crystallized using energy in a subsequent step.
- the discontinuous centrifuge for solid-liquid separation of the crystal suspension, the consistency of which, according to experience, is subject to certain fluctuations, with a corresponding adjustment of the washing time and the amount of washing liquid from batch to batch being desirable.
- the adjustment of the washing time and the amount of washing liquid for each batch is conventionally carried out manually by operating personnel of the discontinuous centrifuge on the basis of empirical values.
- the object of the invention is to provide a discontinuous centrifuge for solid-liquid separation of a crystal suspension and a method for controlling the operation of the discontinuous centrifuge, wherein the amount of washing liquid required for washing is minimal and thereby the process engineering and economically optimal separation is achieved.
- the discontinuous centrifuge according to the invention for the solid-liquid separation of a crystal suspension has a centrifuge drum, in which the crystal suspension can be filled as a filling in a predetermined amount, and a spectrophotometer, which is set to determine the extinction of the contents during operation of the centrifuge, and a Washing control device, which is provided in real time, the instantaneous extinction of the contents of the spectrophotometer and which is adapted depending on the instantaneous extinction of the contents to determine a measure of the instantaneous drying progress of the medium, based on the current drying progress of the Browns a washing of the contents with the wash control device can be started at such a time that the amount of washing liquid required for washing is minimal.
- the method according to the invention for controlling the operation of the discontinuous centrifuge comprises the steps of: a) providing the centrifuge with the centrifuge drum filled with the contents; b) operating the centrifuge drum in the spin mode; c) determining the extinction of the contents by determining an extinction coefficient representing the extinction; d) providing the extinction coefficient in real time; e) determining a measure of the instantaneous rate of drying of the product as a function of the extinction coefficient; f) starting the washing of the filling material at such a time based on the measure of the instantaneous drying progress of the filling material with the aid of the extinction coefficient that the amount of washing liquid required for washing is minimal.
- the centrifuge can be operated safely, since the wash start time is set such that at the beginning of washing a sufficient penetration of the contents of the washing liquid is present and thereby a vibration critical operating condition of the centrifuge is prevented.
- Preferred dimensions of the crystal suspension is a sugar crystal suspension and a criterion for starting the washing of the filling material is set to a color change to blue in light reflected at the surface of the filling material.
- the spectrophotometer preferably has a light detector, with the light reflected on the surface of the filling material is detectable, which preferably has a wavelength of 420 nm to 560 nm, particularly preferably of 480 nm. In this case, it is preferred that the light detector has a photoresistor or a phototransistor or a photodiode as well as a red-green-blue color sensor.
- the spectrophotometer preferably has a light source, with which the surface of the filling material can be irradiated, so that when the surface of the filling material is irradiated with the light emitted by the light source, light is reflected by the surface, which is detectable by the light detector the light emitted by the light source preferably has a wavelength of 420 to 560 nm, particularly preferably 480 nm.
- the light source preferably has a light-emitting diode or a laser.
- the washing control device is preferably arranged such that the start of the washing of the filling material with the wash control device can be triggered at the time at which a sudden increase of light in the wavelength range from 420 nm to 560 nm, preferably 480 nm, is detected by the light detector.
- the spectrophotometer is preferably always arranged outside of the contents inside the centrifuge drum. Further, it is preferred that the spectrophotometer is at rest during operation of the centrifuge relative to the axis of rotation and to the rotational movement of the centrifuge drum or rotates with the centrifuge drum.
- the spectrophotometer is preferably mounted on a longitudinal end of a rod which extends with the spectrophotometer parallel to the axis of rotation of the centrifuge drum into the interior of the centrifuge drum. Furthermore, the spectrophotometer is preferably made of glass-free material and / or at least up to 85 ° C operating temperature used.
- the crystal suspension is preferably a sugar crystal suspension and the method has further preferred steps: setting a criterion for starting the washing of the contents of a color change to the blue when reflected light at the surface of the medium; Irradiating the surface of the filling material with light, whereby light is reflected from the surface which is detected and is white and / or blue, preferably has a wavelength of 420 nm to 560 nm, particularly preferably at 480 nm. It is preferred that the start of the washing of the filling material is triggered at the time at which a sudden increase of light in the wavelength range of 420 nm to 580 nm, preferably 480 nm, is detected. The duration of the washing is preferably determined as a function of the layer thickness of the filling material present at the starting time.
- the discontinuous centrifuge is used for solid-liquid separation of the sugar crystal suspension, then the contents have a brownish color at the beginning of spinning, with light which is reflected on the surface of the medium having no or only a small amount of blue. If the contents are illuminated in this state with blue light, this light is almost completely absorbed by the contents and the brightness of the reflected light is low. As a result, appears with the light sensor, which detects the reflected light, the contents as dark.
- the drying progress of the filling material increases, whereby upon reaching the determined drying progress in the filling material, a color change turns blue. As a result, from the time the color change occurred, the amount of blue in the reflected light has greatly increased.
- the reflected, blue light detecting light sensor responds accordingly and recognizes the contents as bright.
- the time of the color change of the medium depending on the Medgutkonsistenz be detected and tuned to the washing of the contents at such time are started, that the amount of washing liquid required for washing is minimal.
- Characterized in that advantageous when the color change occurs, the washing of the contents is started, is adapted to the wash control device of the washing start time and the amount of washing liquid to the consistency of the contents. If the duration of the washing is made dependent on the thickness of the layer arranged in the centrifuge drum, as the filling material is present in the centrifuge drum, the amount of washing liquid is advantageously optimally adapted to the quantity of filling material. As a result, a uniform sugar quality in the solid-liquid separation of the sugar crystal suspension can be achieved at a predetermined target quality. Further, with detection of the color change in the centrifuge drum, drainage separation of green drain (i.e., syrup flow before color change) and white drain (syrup drain after color change) is more improved.
- green drain i.e., syrup flow before color change
- white drain sirup drain after color change
- FIG. 1 a longitudinal section through the embodiment of the centrifuge.
- a centrifuge 1 has a centrifuge drum 2.
- the centrifuge drum 2 has an axis of rotation 3, which coincides with the axis of symmetry of the centrifuge drum 2 and in FIG. 1 is arranged vertically.
- the centrifuge drum 2 further has a spindle 4, which serves for rotationally driving the centrifuge drum 2 and is fixedly connected to a hub 5 on which the centrifuge drum 2 is mounted.
- a distributor 6 is arranged in the form of a radially outwardly projecting from the hub 5 conical surface.
- the centrifuge drum 2 is further formed by a cylindrical wall 7 and a lid 8, with which the cylindrical wall 7 is covered.
- filling material 9 is introduced, which in spin operation of the centrifuge 1 at spin speed of the centrifuge drum 2 equal to the cylindrical wall. 7 due to centrifugal forces.
- a free surface 10 forms, which coincides with an imaginary cylinder symmetrical about the axis of rotation 3.
- a light source 11 and a light detector 12 are arranged radially within the free surface 10 of the medium 9.
- the light source 11 and the light detector 12 are arranged at the same radius at a distance from the rotation axis 3 and at a predetermined longitudinal distance parallel to the rotation axis 3. From the light source 11, a light beam 13 is emitted which impinges on a point 14 of the free surface 10 of the medium 9, is reflected back from there as a light beam 15 and reaches the light detector 12.
- the longitudinal distance between the light source 11 and the light detector 12, the angle at which the light beam 13 hits the point 14, or the angle at which the light beam 15 is reflected by the point 14, are coordinated so that starting from the emitted light beam 13, the reflected light beam 15 strikes the light detector 12.
- a stator 16 protruding inwardly into the centrifuge drum 2 is provided on the lid of the housing surrounding the centrifuging drum 2, to which the light source 11 and the light detector 12 are attached.
- the sugar crystal suspension When centrifuging a sugar crystal suspension with the centrifuge 1, the sugar crystal suspension is introduced into the centrifuge drum 2. After completion of the filling, the centrifuge drum 2 is operated at spin speed, wherein the filling material is distributed evenly distributed to the cylindrical wall 7, wherein of the contents 9, the free surface 10 is formed.
- the filling material 9 is dehydrated so that the drying progress in the filling material 9 increases steadily.
- the contents 9 At the beginning of spinning the contents 9 has a brownish color. From the light source 11 of the emitted light beam 13 as blue light on the free Surface 10 blasted and reflected at the point 14 as the light beam 15.
- the reflected light beam 15 at the beginning of the spin is very weak in its intensity, since no or almost no blue light is reflected by the surface 10.
- the consistency of the filling material 9 changes to the effect that on reaching a certain dry matter content of the filling material 9, a color change takes place, wherein the brightness of the reflected beam 15 increases abruptly.
- the intensity of the reflected light beam 15 is constantly measured by the light detector 12, so that the increase in brightness of the reflected light beam 15 occurring during color change is detected by the light detector 12.
- a corresponding signal to a washing control device (not shown, arranged outside the centrifuge drum 2) is passed as a control signal, with a washing of the filling material (9) in the centrifuge drum 2 with a washing liquid is started.
- a washing control device not shown, arranged outside the centrifuge drum 2
- the light source 11 and the light detector 12 are set up such that the radial distance between the light source 11 or the light detector 12 and the surface 10 of the filling material 9 can be determined with you.
- the thickness of the filling material 9 and its volume can be determined.
- Adjusted to the volume of the filling material the amount of washing liquid used per batch is adjusted, wherein the duration of the washing liquid addition at a constant preset washing liquid volume flow, the amount of washing liquid can be adjusted. This ensures that the Starting time of the washing and the amount of washing liquid are optimally adjusted to the batch-to-batch changing consistency of the contents 9, whereby a sugar crystal yield is achieved with a desired target quality of the contents with consistently high quality of the discharged sugar product.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine diskontinuierliche Zentrifuge zum Fest-Flüssig-Trennen einer Kristallsuspension und ein Verfahren zum Steuern des Betriebs der diskontinuierlichen Zentrifuge mit einer Waschsteuerungseinrichtung.The invention relates to a discontinuous centrifuge for solid-liquid separation of a crystal suspension and a method for controlling the operation of the discontinuous centrifuge with a washing control device.
Eine diskontinuierliche Zentrifuge ist bekannt zum Fest-Flüssig-Trennen von Kristallsuspensionen bei der Herstellung von Nahrungsmitteln. Beispielsweise sind bei der Verarbeitung von Zuckerrohr und Zuckerrüben Magmen Zwischenprodukte, deren Festanteile und Flüssiganteile von der diskontinuierlichen Zentrifuge chargenweise in aufeinanderfolgenden Arbeitsschritten getrennt werden. Die diskontinuierliche Zentrifuge weist eine Zentrifugentrommel auf, die zu Beginn eines jeden Arbeitsschritts mit der Kristallsuspension als ein Füllgut gefüllt wird, wobei die Zentrifuge mit einer Drehzahl von 100 bis 250 Umdrehungen pro Minute rotiert. Nach Beenden des Füllens der Zentrifugentrommel, die dann eine vorherbestimmte Menge des Füllguts enthält, wird die Zentrifugentrommel auf eine Drehzahl im Bereich von 980 bis 1500 Umdrehungen pro Minute beschleunigt. Diese Drehzahl wird so lange aufrechterhalten, bis in dem Füllgut ein gewünschter Trocknungsfortschritt erzielt ist. Danach wird die Zentrifugentrommel wieder abgebremst und mit einer Ausräumeinrichtung wird das Füllgut aus der Zentrifugentrommel ausgeräumt. Nach dem Ausräumen der Zentrifugentrommel ist der Arbeitsschritt beendet und eine neue Charge der Kristallsuspension wird in die Zentrifugentrommel in einem darauffolgenden Arbeitsschritt eingefüllt, geschleudert und ausgeräumt.A discontinuous centrifuge is known for solid-liquid separation of crystal suspensions in the production of food. For example, in the processing of sugar cane and sugar beet, magmas are intermediates whose solid and liquid fractions are separated from the batch centrifuge in batches in successive steps. The discontinuous centrifuge has a centrifuge drum which is filled at the beginning of each operation with the crystal suspension as a product, the centrifuge rotating at a speed of 100 to 250 revolutions per minute. After completing the filling of the centrifuge drum, which then contains a predetermined amount of the contents, the centrifuge drum is accelerated to a speed in the range of 980 to 1500 revolutions per minute. This speed is maintained until a desired drying progress is achieved in the medium. Thereafter, the centrifuge drum is decelerated again and with a clearing device, the contents are removed from the centrifuge drum. After clearing the centrifuge drum, the operation is completed and a new batch of crystal suspension is filled in the centrifuge drum in a subsequent step, hurled and cleared.
Beim Zentrifugieren werden die Kristalle der Kristallsuspension mit einem geeigneten Waschmedium, beispielsweise Sirup, Wasser oder Dampf, gewaschen. Herkömmlich wird das Waschen mit Hilfe eines konstanten Waschflüssigkeitsstroms durchgeführt, der während einer vorherbestimmten Zeitspanne auf die freie Oberfläche des Füllguts aufgesprüht wird. Die dadurch der Zentrifugentrommel zugeführte Menge an Waschflüssigkeit ist für jede Charge konstant und löst pro Arbeitsschritt die gleiche Menge an Kristallen auf. Die aufgelösten Kristalle werden unter Energieeinsatz in einem nachgeschalteten Arbeitsschritt wieder kristallisiert.During centrifugation, the crystals of the crystal suspension are washed with a suitable washing medium, for example syrup, water or steam. Conventionally, the washing is carried out by means of a constant washing liquid stream, the is sprayed on the free surface of the medium during a predetermined period of time. The amount of washing liquid supplied to the centrifuge drum is constant for each batch and dissolves the same amount of crystals per working step. The dissolved crystals are re-crystallized using energy in a subsequent step.
Beim Betrieb der diskontinuierlichen Zentrifuge zum Fest-Flüssig-Trennen der Kristallsuspension ist deren Konsistenz erfahrungsgemäß gewissen Schwankungen unterworfen, wobei eine entsprechend darauf angepasste Einstellung des Waschzeitpunkts und der Waschflüssigkeitsmenge von Charge zu Charge wünschenswert ist. Die Einstellung des Waschzeitpunkts und der Waschflüssigkeitsmenge für jede Charge erfolgt herkömmlich manuell durch Bedienpersonal der diskontinuierlichen Zentrifuge anhand von Erfahrungswerten.In the operation of the discontinuous centrifuge for solid-liquid separation of the crystal suspension, the consistency of which, according to experience, is subject to certain fluctuations, with a corresponding adjustment of the washing time and the amount of washing liquid from batch to batch being desirable. The adjustment of the washing time and the amount of washing liquid for each batch is conventionally carried out manually by operating personnel of the discontinuous centrifuge on the basis of empirical values.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es eine diskontinuierliche Zentrifuge zum Fest-Flüssig-Trennen einer Kristallsuspension und ein Verfahren zum Steuern des Betriebs der diskontinuierlichen Zentrifuge zu schaffen, wobei die zum Waschen benötigte Waschflüssigkeitsmenge minimal ist und dadurch die verfahrenstechnisch sowie wirtschaftlich optimale Trennung erreicht wird.The object of the invention is to provide a discontinuous centrifuge for solid-liquid separation of a crystal suspension and a method for controlling the operation of the discontinuous centrifuge, wherein the amount of washing liquid required for washing is minimal and thereby the process engineering and economically optimal separation is achieved.
Die erfindungsgemäße diskontinuierliche Zentrifuge zum Fest-Flüssig-Trennen einer Kristallsuspension weist eine Zentrifugentrommel, in die die Kristallsuspension als ein Füllgut in einer vorherbestimmten Menge einfüllbar ist, und ein Spektrophotometer, das eingerichtet ist die Extinktion des Füllguts beim Betrieb der Zentrifuge zu bestimmen, sowie eine Waschsteuerungseinrichtung auf, der in Echtzeit die momentane Extinktion des Füllguts von dem Spektrophotometer bereitgestellt ist sowie die eingerichtet ist in Abhängigkeit der momentanen Extinktion des Füllguts ein Maß für den momentanen Trocknungsfortschritt des Füllguts zu ermitteln, wobei auf Basis des momentanen Trocknungsfortschritts des Füllguts ein Waschen des Füllguts mit der Waschsteuerungseinrichtung zu einem derartigen Zeitpunkt startbar ist, dass die zum Waschen benötigte Waschflüssigkeitsmenge minimal ist.The discontinuous centrifuge according to the invention for the solid-liquid separation of a crystal suspension has a centrifuge drum, in which the crystal suspension can be filled as a filling in a predetermined amount, and a spectrophotometer, which is set to determine the extinction of the contents during operation of the centrifuge, and a Washing control device, which is provided in real time, the instantaneous extinction of the contents of the spectrophotometer and which is adapted depending on the instantaneous extinction of the contents to determine a measure of the instantaneous drying progress of the medium, based on the current drying progress of the Füllguts a washing of the contents with the wash control device can be started at such a time that the amount of washing liquid required for washing is minimal.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Steuern des Betriebs der diskontinuierlichen Zentrifuge weist die Schritte auf: a) Bereitstellen der Zentrifuge mit der mit dem Füllgut gefüllten Zentrifugentrommel; b) Betreiben der Zentrifugentrommel im Schleuderbetrieb; c) Bestimmen der Extinktion des Füllguts durch Ermitteln eines die Extinktion repräsentierenden Extinktionskoeffizienten; d) Bereitstellen des Extinktionskoeffizienten in Echtzeit; e) Ermitteln eines Maßes für den momentnen Trocknungsfortschritt des Füllguts in Abhängigkeit des Extinktionskoeffizienten; f) Starten des Waschens des Füllguts zu einem derartigen Zeitpunkt auf Basis des Maßes für den momentanen Trocknungsfortschritt des Füllguts unter Zuhilfenahme des Extinktionskoeffizienten, dass die zum Waschen benötigte Waschflüssigkeitsmenge minimal ist.The method according to the invention for controlling the operation of the discontinuous centrifuge comprises the steps of: a) providing the centrifuge with the centrifuge drum filled with the contents; b) operating the centrifuge drum in the spin mode; c) determining the extinction of the contents by determining an extinction coefficient representing the extinction; d) providing the extinction coefficient in real time; e) determining a measure of the instantaneous rate of drying of the product as a function of the extinction coefficient; f) starting the washing of the filling material at such a time based on the measure of the instantaneous drying progress of the filling material with the aid of the extinction coefficient that the amount of washing liquid required for washing is minimal.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen diskontinuierlichen Zentrifuge und dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zum Steuern des Betriebs der diskontinuierlichen Zentrifuge wird vorteilhaft eine hohe Kristallausbeute unter Aufrechterhaltung einer gleich bleibend hohen Qualität des ausgetragenen Produkts erreicht. Ferner kann mit der erfindungsgemäßen diskontinuierlichen Zentrifuge und dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Zentrifuge sicher betrieben werden, da der Waschstartzeitpunkt derart festgelegt ist, dass bei Waschbeginn eine noch ausreichende Durchdringung des Füllguts von der Waschflüssigkeit vorliegt und dadurch ein schwingungskritscher Betriebszustand der Zentrifuge unterbunden ist.With the discontinuous centrifuge according to the invention and the method according to the invention for controlling the operation of the discontinuous centrifuge, a high crystal yield is advantageously achieved while maintaining a consistently high quality of the discharged product. Furthermore, with the discontinuous centrifuge according to the invention and the method according to the invention, the centrifuge can be operated safely, since the wash start time is set such that at the beginning of washing a sufficient penetration of the contents of the washing liquid is present and thereby a vibration critical operating condition of the centrifuge is prevented.
Bevorzugtermaßen ist die Kristallsuspension eine Zuckerkristallsuspension und ein Kriterium zum Starten des Waschens des Füllguts ist an einem Farbumschlag ins Blaue bei an der Oberfläche des Füllguts reflektiertem Licht festgesetzt. Das Spektrophotometer weist bevorzugt einen Lichtdetektor auf, mit dem an der Oberfläche des Füllguts reflektiertes Licht detektierbar ist, das bevorzugt eine Wellenlänge von 420 nm bis 560 nm, besonders bevorzugt von 480 nm, hat. Hierbei ist es bevorzugt, dass der Lichtdetektor einen Photowiderstand oder einen Phototransistor oder eine Photodiode sowie einen Rot-Grün-Blau-Farbsensor aufweist. Ferner weist bevorzugt das Spektrophotometer eine Lichtquelle auf, mit der die Oberfläche des Füllguts bestrahlbar ist, sodass, wenn die Oberfläche des Füllguts mit dem von der Lichtquelle emittierten Licht bestrahlt wird, von der Oberfläche Licht reflektiert wird, das von dem Lichtdetektor detektierbar ist, wobei das von der Lichtquelle emittierte Licht bevorzugt eine Wellenlänge von 420 bis 560 nm, besonders bevorzugt von 480 nm, hat. Hierbei weist die Lichtquelle bevorzugt eine Leuchtdiode oder einen Laser auf.Preferred dimensions of the crystal suspension is a sugar crystal suspension and a criterion for starting the washing of the filling material is set to a color change to blue in light reflected at the surface of the filling material. The spectrophotometer preferably has a light detector, with the light reflected on the surface of the filling material is detectable, which preferably has a wavelength of 420 nm to 560 nm, particularly preferably of 480 nm. In this case, it is preferred that the light detector has a photoresistor or a phototransistor or a photodiode as well as a red-green-blue color sensor. Furthermore, the spectrophotometer preferably has a light source, with which the surface of the filling material can be irradiated, so that when the surface of the filling material is irradiated with the light emitted by the light source, light is reflected by the surface, which is detectable by the light detector the light emitted by the light source preferably has a wavelength of 420 to 560 nm, particularly preferably 480 nm. In this case, the light source preferably has a light-emitting diode or a laser.
Die Waschsteuerungseinrichtung ist bevorzugtermaßen derart eingerichtet, dass der Start des Waschens des Füllguts mit der Waschsteuerungseinrichtung zu dem Zeitpunkt auslösbar ist, an dem von dem Lichtdetektor eine sprunghafte Zunahme von Licht im Wellenlängenbereich von 420 nm bis 560 nm, bevorzugt von 480 nm, detektiert ist. Das Spektrophotometer ist bevorzugt im Inneren der Zentrifugentrommel stets außerhalb des Füllguts angeordnet. Ferner ist es bevorzugt, dass das Spektrophotometer beim Betrieb der Zentrifuge relativ zur Drehachse und zur Drehbewegung der Zentrifugentrommel in Ruhe ist oder sich mit der Zentrifugentrommel mitdreht. Das Spektrophotometer ist bevorzugt an einem Längsende eines Stabs angebracht, der mit dem Spektrophotometer parallel zur Drehachse der Zentrifugentrommel in das Innere der Zentrifugentrommel sich erstreckt. Ferner ist das Spektrophotometer bevorzugt aus glasfreiem Material gefertigt und/oder mindestens bis 85°C Betriebstemperatur einsetzbar.The washing control device is preferably arranged such that the start of the washing of the filling material with the wash control device can be triggered at the time at which a sudden increase of light in the wavelength range from 420 nm to 560 nm, preferably 480 nm, is detected by the light detector. The spectrophotometer is preferably always arranged outside of the contents inside the centrifuge drum. Further, it is preferred that the spectrophotometer is at rest during operation of the centrifuge relative to the axis of rotation and to the rotational movement of the centrifuge drum or rotates with the centrifuge drum. The spectrophotometer is preferably mounted on a longitudinal end of a rod which extends with the spectrophotometer parallel to the axis of rotation of the centrifuge drum into the interior of the centrifuge drum. Furthermore, the spectrophotometer is preferably made of glass-free material and / or at least up to 85 ° C operating temperature used.
Bevorzugt ist beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zum Steuern des Betriebs der diskontinuierlichen Zentrifuge die Kristallsuspension eine Zuckerkristallsuspension und das Verfahren weist weitere bevorzugte Schritte auf: Festsetzen eines Kriteriums zum Starten des Waschens des Füllguts an einem Farbumschlag ins Blaue bei an der Oberfläche des Füllguts reflektiertem Licht; Bestrahlen der Oberfläche des Füllguts mit Licht, wodurch Licht von der Oberfläche reflektiert wird, das detektiert wird und Weiß und/oder Blau ist, bevorzugt eine Wellenlänge von 420 nm bis 560 nm, besonders bevorzugt bei 480 nm, hat. Bevorzugt ist es, dass der Start des Waschens des Füllguts zu dem Zeitpunkt ausgelöst wird, an dem eine sprunghafte Zunahme von Licht im Wellenlängenbereich von 420 nm bis 580 nm, bevorzugt 480 nm, detektiert wird. Die Dauer des Waschens wird bevorzugt abhängig von der beim Startzeitpunkt vorliegenden Schichtdicke des Füllguts bestimmt.In the method according to the invention for controlling the operation of the discontinuous centrifuge, the crystal suspension is preferably a sugar crystal suspension and the method has further preferred steps: setting a criterion for starting the washing of the contents of a color change to the blue when reflected light at the surface of the medium; Irradiating the surface of the filling material with light, whereby light is reflected from the surface which is detected and is white and / or blue, preferably has a wavelength of 420 nm to 560 nm, particularly preferably at 480 nm. It is preferred that the start of the washing of the filling material is triggered at the time at which a sudden increase of light in the wavelength range of 420 nm to 580 nm, preferably 480 nm, is detected. The duration of the washing is preferably determined as a function of the layer thickness of the filling material present at the starting time.
Wird die diskontinuierliche Zentrifuge zum Fest-Flüssig-Trennen der Zuckerkristallsuspension eingesetzt, so hat das Füllgut zu Beginn des Schleuderns eine bräunliche Farbe, wobei Licht, das an der Oberfläche des Füllguts reflektiert ist, keinen oder nur einen geringen Blauanteil hat. Wird das Füllgut in diesem Zustand mit blauem Licht angestrahlt, so wird dieses Licht von dem Füllgut fast vollständig absorbiert und die Helligkeit des reflektierten Lichts ist gering. Dadurch erscheint mit dem Lichtsensor, der das reflektierte Licht detektiert, das Füllgut als dunkel. Beim weiteren Schleuderbetrieb der diskontinuierlichen Zentrifuge erhöht sich der Trocknungsfortschritt des Füllguts, wobei bei Erreichen des bestimmten Trocknungsfortschritts in dem Füllgut sich ein Farbumschlag ins Blaue einstellt. Dies hat zur Folge, dass ab dem Zeitpunkt, an dem sich der Farbumschlag ereignet hat, der Blauanteil im reflektierten Licht stark zugenommen hat. Der hierbei das reflektierte, blaue Licht detektierende Lichtsensor spricht entsprechend an und erkennt das Füllgut als hell. Mit dem Lichtsensor kann vorteilhaft Charge für Charge der Zeitpunkt des Farbumschlags des Füllguts in Abhängigkeit der Füllgutkonsistenz erfasst werden und darauf abgestimmt das Waschen des Füllguts zu einem derartigen Zeitpunkt gestartet werden, dass die zum Waschen benötigte Waschflüssigkeitsmenge minimal ist.If the discontinuous centrifuge is used for solid-liquid separation of the sugar crystal suspension, then the contents have a brownish color at the beginning of spinning, with light which is reflected on the surface of the medium having no or only a small amount of blue. If the contents are illuminated in this state with blue light, this light is almost completely absorbed by the contents and the brightness of the reflected light is low. As a result, appears with the light sensor, which detects the reflected light, the contents as dark. During the further centrifuging operation of the discontinuous centrifuge, the drying progress of the filling material increases, whereby upon reaching the determined drying progress in the filling material, a color change turns blue. As a result, from the time the color change occurred, the amount of blue in the reflected light has greatly increased. In this case, the reflected, blue light detecting light sensor responds accordingly and recognizes the contents as bright. Advantageously batch by batch, the time of the color change of the medium depending on the Füllgutkonsistenz be detected and tuned to the washing of the contents at such time are started, that the amount of washing liquid required for washing is minimal.
Dadurch, dass vorteilhaft bei Eintreten des Farbumschlags das Waschen des Füllguts gestartet wird, ist mit der Waschsteuerungseinrichtung der Waschstartzeitpunkt und die Waschflüssigkeitsmenge an die Konsistenz des Füllguts anpasst. Wird die Dauer des Waschens von der Dicke der in der Zentrifugentrommel angeordneten Schicht, als die das Füllgut in der Zentrifugentrommel vorliegt, abhängig gemacht, wird vorteilhaft die Waschflüssigkeitsmenge optimal an die Füllgutmenge angepasst. Dadurch kann eine gleichmäßige Zuckerqualität beim Fest-Flüssig-Trennen der Zuckerkristallsuspension bei einer vorgegebenen Sollqualität erreicht werden. Ferner ist mit dem Detektieren des Farbumschlags in der Zentrifugentrommel eine Ablauftrennung von Grünablauf (d.h. Sirupablauf vor dem Farbumschlag) und Weißablauf (Sirupablauf nach dem Farbumschlag) verbessert eingestellt.Characterized in that advantageous when the color change occurs, the washing of the contents is started, is adapted to the wash control device of the washing start time and the amount of washing liquid to the consistency of the contents. If the duration of the washing is made dependent on the thickness of the layer arranged in the centrifuge drum, as the filling material is present in the centrifuge drum, the amount of washing liquid is advantageously optimally adapted to the quantity of filling material. As a result, a uniform sugar quality in the solid-liquid separation of the sugar crystal suspension can be achieved at a predetermined target quality. Further, with detection of the color change in the centrifuge drum, drainage separation of green drain (i.e., syrup flow before color change) and white drain (syrup drain after color change) is more improved.
Im Folgenden wird ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel einer diskontinuierlichen Zentrifuge anhand der beigefügten schematischen Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigt
Wie es aus
In der Zentrifugentrommel 2 ist radial innerhalb der freien Oberfläche 10 des Füllguts 9 eine Lichtquelle 11 und ein Lichtdetektor 12 angeordnet. Die Lichtquelle 11 und der Lichtdetektor 12 sind bei selbem Radius im Abstand von der Drehachse 3 und in einen vorbestimmten Längsabstand parallel zur Drehachse 3 angeordnet. Von der Lichtquelle 11 wird ein Lichtstrahl 13 emittiert, der an einer Stelle 14 der freien Oberfläche 10 des Füllguts 9 auftrifft, von dort zurück als ein Lichtstrahl 15 reflektiert wird und zu dem Lichtdetektor 12 gelangt. Der Längsabstand zwischen der Lichtquelle 11 und dem Lichtdetektor 12, der Winkel, unter dem der Lichtstrahl 13 auf die Stelle 14 trifft, bzw. der Winkel, unter dem der Lichtstrahl 15 von der Stelle 14 reflektiert wird, sind so aufeinander abgestimmt, dass ausgehend von dem emittierten Lichtstrahl 13 der reflektierte Lichtstrahl 15 auf den Lichtdetektor 12 trifft. Zum stabilen Halten der Lichtquelle 11 und des Lichtdetektors 12 ist am Deckel des die Zentrifugetrommel 2 umgebenden Gehäuses (nicht gezeigt) ein nach innen in die Zentrifugentrommel 2 ragender Ständer 16 vorgesehen, an dem die Lichtquelle 11 und der Lichtdetektor 12 befestigt sind.In the
Beim Zentrifugieren einer Zuckerkristallsuspension mit der Zentrifuge 1 wird die Zuckerkristallsuspension in die Zentrifugentrommel 2 eingefüllt. Nach Beendung des Füllens wird die Zentrifugentrommel 2 bei Schleuderdrehzahl betrieben, wobei das Füllgut sich gleichdick verteilt an die zylindrische Wand 7 anlegt, wobei von dem Füllgut 9 die freie Oberfläche 10 ausgebildet ist. Während des Schleuderns wird das Füllgut 9 entwässert, sodass der Trocknungsfortschritt in dem Füllgut 9 stetig sich erhöht. Zu Beginn des Schleuderns hat das Füllgut 9 eine bräunliche Farbe. Von der Lichtquelle 11 wird der emittierte Lichtstrahl 13 als Blaulicht auf die freie Oberfläche 10 gestrahlt und an der Stelle 14 als der Lichtstrahl 15 reflektiert. Hierbei ist der reflektierte Lichtstrahl 15 zu Beginn des Schleuderns sehr schwach in seiner Intensität, da von der Oberfläche 10 kein oder so gut wie kein blaues Licht reflektiert wird. Bei fortlaufendem Schleudern verändert sich die Konsistenz des Füllguts 9 dahingehend, dass bei Erreichen eines bestimmten Trockensubstanzanteils des Füllguts 9 ein Farbumschlag stattfindet, wobei die Helligkeit des reflektierten Strahls 15 abrupt ansteigt.When centrifuging a sugar crystal suspension with the centrifuge 1, the sugar crystal suspension is introduced into the
Von dem Lichtdetektor 12 wird ständig die Intensität des reflektierten Lichtstrahls 15 gemessen, sodass von dem Lichtdetektor 12 der beim Farbumschlag auftretende Zuwachs an Helligkeit des reflektierten Lichtstrahls 15 erfasst wird. Sobald dieser starke Helligkeitsanstieg des Lichtstrahls 15 von dem Lichtdetektor 12 erfasst ist, wird ein entsprechendes Signal an eine Waschsteuerungseinrichtung (nicht gezeigt, außerhalb der Zentrifugentrommel 2 angeordnet) als ein Steuerungssignal geleitet, mit dem ein Waschen des Füllguts (9) in der Zentrifugentrommel 2 mit einer Waschflüssigkeit gestartet wird. Somit wird der Beginn des Waschens mit der Waschflüssigkeit bei Erreichen des mit dem Farbumschlag einhergehenden Trockensubstanzanteils des Füllguts 9 ausgelöst.The intensity of the reflected
Ferner sind die Lichtquelle 11 und der Lichtdetektor 12 derart eingerichtet, dass mit Ihnen der Radialabstand zwischen der Lichtquelle 11 bzw. dem Lichtdetektor 12 und der Oberfläche 10 des Füllguts 9 bestimmbar ist. Ausgehend von dem bekannten Innendurchmesser der zylindrischen Wand 7 der Zentrifugentrommel 2 und dem zwischen der Lichtquelle 11 bzw. dem Lichtdetektor 12 und der Oberfläche 10 des Füllguts 9 vorherrschenden Abstands ist die Dicke des Füllguts 9 und dessen Volumen bestimmbar. Angepasst auf das Volumen des Füllguts wird die pro Charge verwendete Menge an Waschflüssigkeit angepasst, wobei mit der Dauer der Waschflüssigkeitszugabe bei konstant voreingestelltem Waschflüssigkeitsvolumenstrom die Waschflüssigkeitsmenge angepasst werden kann. Damit wird erreicht, dass der Startzeitpunkt des Waschens und die Waschflüssigkeitsmenge optimal auf die von Charge zu Charge sich ändernde Konsistenz des Füllguts 9 eingestellt sind, wodurch eine Zuckerkristallausbeute bei einer angestrebten Sollqualität des Füllguts mit gleich bleibend hoher Qualität des ausgetragenen Zuckerprodukts erreicht ist.Furthermore, the light source 11 and the
- 11
- Zentrifugecentrifuge
- 22
- Zentrifugentrommelcentrifuge drum
- 33
- Drehachseaxis of rotation
- 44
- Spindelspindle
- 55
- Nabehub
- 66
- Verteilerdistributor
- 77
- zylindrische Wandcylindrical wall
- 88th
- Deckelcover
- 99
- Füllgutfilling
- 1010
- freie Oberfläche des Füllgutsfree surface of the product
- 1111
- Lichtquellelight source
- 1212
- Lichtdetektorlight detector
- 1313
- emittierter Lichtstrahlemitted light beam
- 1414
- angestrahlte Stelleilluminated spot
- 1515
- reflektierter Lichtstrahlreflected light beam
- 1616
- Ständerstand
Claims (16)
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT09075317T ATE523257T1 (en) | 2009-07-16 | 2009-07-16 | DISCONTINUOUS CENTRIFUGE WITH A WASHING CONTROL DEVICE AND A METHOD FOR OPERATING THE CENTRIFUGE. |
EP09075317A EP2275207B1 (en) | 2009-07-16 | 2009-07-16 | Discontinuous centrifuge with a washing control device and a method for operating the centrifuge |
UAA201201559A UA105225C2 (en) | 2009-07-16 | 2010-07-15 | Batchwise centrifuge with control unit of washing and method of control of said centrifuge |
AU2010272557A AU2010272557A1 (en) | 2009-07-16 | 2010-07-15 | Batchwise centrifuge with a wash control device and a process for operating the centrifuge |
RU2012104775/05A RU2012104775A (en) | 2009-07-16 | 2010-07-15 | CENTRIFUGE OF PERIODIC ACTION WITH THE RINSING CONTROL DEVICE AND METHOD OF CONTROL OF THE SPECIFIED CENTRIFUGE |
PCT/EP2010/060236 WO2011006969A1 (en) | 2009-07-16 | 2010-07-15 | Batchwise centrifuge with a wash control device and a process for operating the centrifuge |
BR112012001034A BR112012001034A2 (en) | 2009-07-16 | 2010-07-15 | discontinuous centrifuge with a wash control device and method for centrifuge operation |
CN201080031991XA CN102481585A (en) | 2009-07-16 | 2010-07-15 | Batchwise centrifuge with a wash control device and a process for operating the centrifuge |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP09075317A EP2275207B1 (en) | 2009-07-16 | 2009-07-16 | Discontinuous centrifuge with a washing control device and a method for operating the centrifuge |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2275207A1 true EP2275207A1 (en) | 2011-01-19 |
EP2275207B1 EP2275207B1 (en) | 2011-09-07 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP09075317A Not-in-force EP2275207B1 (en) | 2009-07-16 | 2009-07-16 | Discontinuous centrifuge with a washing control device and a method for operating the centrifuge |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2275207B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102481585A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE523257T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2010272557A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112012001034A2 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2012104775A (en) |
UA (1) | UA105225C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011006969A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3085452A1 (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2016-10-26 | BWS Technologie GmbH | Discontinuous centrifuge with a control device for controlling the operation of the centrifuge and a method for operating the centrifuge |
US10549288B2 (en) | 2012-03-14 | 2020-02-04 | Bma Braunschweigische Maschinenbauanstalt Ag | Device having a discontinuously operating centrifuge for separating syrup from sugar massecuites and method for operating such a device |
WO2020094217A1 (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-14 | Ferrum Ag | Method for operating a centrifuge device |
US11020753B2 (en) | 2015-10-02 | 2021-06-01 | Bjarne Christian Nielsen Holding Aps | Apparatus and method for monitoring and controlling a centrifugal |
FR3136240A1 (en) | 2022-06-07 | 2023-12-08 | Iteca Socadei | Centrifuge for continuous control and measurement of the color of a cooked mass over the entire height of the centrifugation basket |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US9554286B2 (en) | 2011-12-02 | 2017-01-24 | Lear Corporation | Apparatus and method for detecting a location of a wireless device |
CN112851474B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2023-08-15 | 江苏先卓食品科技股份有限公司 | Method for replacing water-washed crystals with saturated steam in centrifugal process |
Citations (4)
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DE3515915A1 (en) * | 1985-05-03 | 1986-11-06 | Braunschweigische Maschinenbauanstalt AG, 3300 Braunschweig | Monitoring method and device for checking the outflow of syrup in periodically operating sugar centrifuges |
DE4412889A1 (en) * | 1994-04-14 | 1995-10-19 | Krauss Maffei Ag | Laser-reflective monitor, to optimise any solid sepn. |
EP0679722A2 (en) * | 1994-04-27 | 1995-11-02 | PFEIFER & LANGEN | Process for controlling the efficiency of a discontinuously working centrifuge, particularly a sugar centrifuge |
EP1475156A2 (en) * | 2003-05-07 | 2004-11-10 | THOMAS BROADBENT & SONS LIMITED | Load control of centrifuges |
-
2009
- 2009-07-16 EP EP09075317A patent/EP2275207B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2009-07-16 AT AT09075317T patent/ATE523257T1/en active
-
2010
- 2010-07-15 RU RU2012104775/05A patent/RU2012104775A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-07-15 CN CN201080031991XA patent/CN102481585A/en active Pending
- 2010-07-15 UA UAA201201559A patent/UA105225C2/en unknown
- 2010-07-15 BR BR112012001034A patent/BR112012001034A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-07-15 AU AU2010272557A patent/AU2010272557A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-07-15 WO PCT/EP2010/060236 patent/WO2011006969A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE3515915A1 (en) * | 1985-05-03 | 1986-11-06 | Braunschweigische Maschinenbauanstalt AG, 3300 Braunschweig | Monitoring method and device for checking the outflow of syrup in periodically operating sugar centrifuges |
DE4412889A1 (en) * | 1994-04-14 | 1995-10-19 | Krauss Maffei Ag | Laser-reflective monitor, to optimise any solid sepn. |
EP0679722A2 (en) * | 1994-04-27 | 1995-11-02 | PFEIFER & LANGEN | Process for controlling the efficiency of a discontinuously working centrifuge, particularly a sugar centrifuge |
EP1475156A2 (en) * | 2003-05-07 | 2004-11-10 | THOMAS BROADBENT & SONS LIMITED | Load control of centrifuges |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10549288B2 (en) | 2012-03-14 | 2020-02-04 | Bma Braunschweigische Maschinenbauanstalt Ag | Device having a discontinuously operating centrifuge for separating syrup from sugar massecuites and method for operating such a device |
EP3085452A1 (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2016-10-26 | BWS Technologie GmbH | Discontinuous centrifuge with a control device for controlling the operation of the centrifuge and a method for operating the centrifuge |
WO2016170047A1 (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2016-10-27 | Bws Technologie Gmbh | Discontinuous centrifuge having a control device for controlling the operation of the centrifuge and a method for operating the centrifuge |
US11020753B2 (en) | 2015-10-02 | 2021-06-01 | Bjarne Christian Nielsen Holding Aps | Apparatus and method for monitoring and controlling a centrifugal |
WO2020094217A1 (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-14 | Ferrum Ag | Method for operating a centrifuge device |
FR3136240A1 (en) | 2022-06-07 | 2023-12-08 | Iteca Socadei | Centrifuge for continuous control and measurement of the color of a cooked mass over the entire height of the centrifugation basket |
WO2023237832A1 (en) | 2022-06-07 | 2023-12-14 | Iteca Socadei | Centrifuge for continuously monitoring and measuring the colour of a massecuite over the entire height of the centrifuge basket |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102481585A (en) | 2012-05-30 |
WO2011006969A1 (en) | 2011-01-20 |
EP2275207B1 (en) | 2011-09-07 |
UA105225C2 (en) | 2014-04-25 |
AU2010272557A1 (en) | 2012-02-09 |
RU2012104775A (en) | 2013-08-27 |
ATE523257T1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
BR112012001034A2 (en) | 2016-03-15 |
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