EP2264370B1 - Agencement de brûleur pour une installation de combustion destinée à la combustion de combustibles fluidiques et procédé de fonctionnement d'un tel agencement de brûleur - Google Patents

Agencement de brûleur pour une installation de combustion destinée à la combustion de combustibles fluidiques et procédé de fonctionnement d'un tel agencement de brûleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2264370B1
EP2264370B1 EP09162827A EP09162827A EP2264370B1 EP 2264370 B1 EP2264370 B1 EP 2264370B1 EP 09162827 A EP09162827 A EP 09162827A EP 09162827 A EP09162827 A EP 09162827A EP 2264370 B1 EP2264370 B1 EP 2264370B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow
burner
fuel
supply channel
flow divider
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09162827A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2264370A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Böttcher
Tobias Krieger
Ulrich Wörz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP09162827A priority Critical patent/EP2264370B1/fr
Priority to CN201010202904.4A priority patent/CN101922714B/zh
Priority to US12/814,707 priority patent/US20100316966A1/en
Priority to RU2010124411/06A priority patent/RU2531714C2/ru
Publication of EP2264370A1 publication Critical patent/EP2264370A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2264370B1 publication Critical patent/EP2264370B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F23R3/34—Feeding into different combustion zones
    • F23R3/343—Pilot flames, i.e. fuel nozzles or injectors using only a very small proportion of the total fuel to insure continuous combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F23R3/286—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply having fuel-air premixing devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner arrangement for a firing system for the combustion of fluid fuels and method for operating such a burner arrangement with the features mentioned in the preambles of the respective independent claims.
  • burners have been developed in recent years that have particularly low emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx). It is often emphasized that such burners are not only with a fuel, but possibly with different fuels, such as oil, natural gas and / or coal gas optionally or in combination operable to increase the security of supply and flexibility of operation. Such burners are for example in the EP 0 276 696 B1 described.
  • the burner consists of a central pilot burner system which is operable with gas and / or oil as a so-called diffusion burner or separate premix burner.
  • the pilot burner system is surrounded by a main burner system having an air supply annular channel system with therein a swirl blading with a plurality of blades for pre-mixing with gas.
  • in the main burner system there are inlet nozzles for oil in the area of the swirl blading, which allow premixing of the main air flow with oil.
  • a challenge in these burners are the resulting by an uneven thermal distribution mechanical stresses in the walls of the metallic housing, the so-called hub, in which the Zubigringkanäle the gas and oil fuels are arranged relatively close together, represents a gas ring space feeds the main burner relative to the flow direction of the incoming air upstream of the so-called swirl vanes, which impart a mixing swirl to the air flow with the fuel gas, or through the swirl vanes therethrough.
  • an oil supply is present, which is usually located closer to the burner outlet, as the gas supply. It comprises an oil annulus and a leading to the annulus oil supply channel, which is located in the located between the gas annulus and the pilot burner hub wall.
  • gas Since gas has a lower density compared to oil, it requires a larger cross-section, whereby the dimensioning of the gas supply is much greater than the oil supply. Therefore, the part of the burner hub with the gas supply to a larger air duct facing outer surface than the oil supply.
  • the air supply is done with pre-compressed air that has passed through a compressor, whereby this supplied air due to the compression has a temperature that already reaches over 400 ° C. Consequently, the area of the burner hub with the gas supply is heated rapidly to a temperature in the range of over 400 ° C and remains at this operating temperature.
  • Oil supply channel further away from the hot air supply channel so that the oil in the oil supply channel hardly undergoes heating and therefore only has a temperature of about 50 ° C.
  • the wall between the gas annulus and the oil supply passage is subject to a large temperature gradient both in continuous operation and when flushing the burner hub. Namely, if the hub, i. the oil duct is flushed with water, so the gas ducts are hot and the oil duct cools down. Due to the limited space in the hub, the channels are close together and there are high temperature / heat gradients. As a result of the temperature gradient arise thermal stresses, which shorten the life of such burner hubs greatly.
  • the present invention therefore has as its object to reduce the described thermal stresses in the burner hub during operation and when flushing the hub of the burner assembly.
  • a burner arrangement according to the invention for a firing system for firing fluid fuels comprises a burner hub, at least one air supply channel and, for each type of fuel, at least one fuel supply channel.
  • the at least one fuel supply channel is at least partially formed in the burner hub, so that the material of the burner hub forms a wall of the fuel supply channel.
  • a flow divider is provided in at least one fuel supply channel, which is spaced from the wall of the fuel supply channel, so that between the Wall of the fuel supply channel and the flow divider belonging to the flow path of the fuel flowing through the fuel supply passage space is formed.
  • the intermediate space forms a region belonging to the flow path in which an adjustable continuous flow of fuel flows.
  • This fuel flow prevents the formation of deposits in the space and thus clogging of the nozzles through which the fuel exits.
  • the flow in this area decouples the hot structure from the cold and thus provides heat protection. Due to the reduced heat transfer, the thermally induced stresses are reduced in comparison to burner arrangements without flow splitters.
  • the flow divider consists of a flow medium, in particular a pipe with a flow opening, and a disk with a corresponding flow opening.
  • a central bore in the middle of the flow divider is provided as the flow opening. Through this central bore of the main part of the fuel flows.
  • the disc is seen in the flow direction at the first coming end of the flow means provided.
  • the disc is larger in diameter than the diameter of the flow medium.
  • the disk can be clamped in the wall of the fuel supply channel.
  • positioning means e.g. a positioning projection may be provided on the wall of the fuel supply channel.
  • the flow divider in the disc at least one bore.
  • the disc has a plurality of bores, which are distributed substantially uniformly over the circumference. Through these holes, a small part of the preferably passes cold fuel flow into the gap, wherein the hot support structure is thus thermally decoupled from the incoming cold fuel. Thus, the heat transfer in this area is reduced.
  • said object is achieved by a method of operating such a burner assembly, wherein in operation, fuel is passed through the fuel supply passage, with the majority of the fuel flowing through the passage opening of the flow divider, and a minor portion of the fuel the space of the flow divider flows, thus deposits in the space are largely prevented.
  • the main flow for supplying the nozzles flows through the passage opening of the flow divider, this passage opening is preferably provided as a large, central bore in the middle of the flow divider. High temperatures and voltage gradients are therefore no longer formed. As a desired consequence, the life is significantly increased.
  • FIG. 1 shows a burner assembly 20 according to the prior art, which may optionally be used in conjunction with a plurality of similar arrangements, for example in the combustion chamber of a gas turbine plant.
  • the pilot burner system consists of an inner part, the pilot burner system and a concentric outer part, the main burner system. Both systems are suitable for operation with gaseous and / or liquid fuels in any combination.
  • the pilot burner system consists of a central oil supply 1 (medium G) and an inner gas supply channel 2 (medium F) arranged concentrically around it. This in turn is surrounded by a concentric about the axis of the burner arranged inner air supply channel 3 (Medium E).
  • a suitable ignition system may be arranged, for which many possible embodiments are known and its representation has therefore been omitted here.
  • the central oil feed 1 has at its end an oil nozzle 5 and the inner air supply channel 3 has a swirl blading 6 in its end region.
  • a pilot burner system 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 can be operated in a manner known per se, ie predominantly as a diffusion burner. Its task is to maintain the main burner in a stable burning operation, since this is usually operated with a tendency to instability lean mixture.
  • the main burner system has a concentric with the pilot burner system arranged and obliquely on this incoming outer air supply annular duct system 4.
  • This air supply annular channel system 4 is also provided with a swirl blading 7.
  • the swirl blading 7 consists of hollow blades with outlet nozzles 11 in the flow cross section of the air supply annular channel system 4 (medium A). These are fed from a supply line 8 and an annular channel 9 through openings 10 for the medium B.
  • the burner has a feed line 12 for a medium C, preferably oil, which opens into an annular channel 13, which has outlet nozzles 14 for the medium C in the region or below the swirl blading 7.
  • the burner additionally has a further coal gas feed channel 16 for medium D. This opens just above the swirl blading 7 with the outlet nozzles 11 in the outer air supply ring channel system 4, on the inside, so that both together form a diffusion burner in principle.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged partial cross-sectional view through a known burner hub 18 according to the prior art.
  • the burner assembly is circular, so you have to imagine the annular channel 9 and 13 as a circle.
  • the swirl blades 7 have only one supply channel with the outlet nozzles 11, which are preferably provided for injecting a gaseous medium B. Below thereof in the flow direction, an outlet nozzle 14 is provided for injecting preferably liquid medium C. There is a plurality of outlet nozzles 14 arranged along the circular ring channel 13, so that the injection of the medium C can be carried out evenly in the likewise encircling burner chamber.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a swirl blade 7 with two integrated, independently controllable gas levels B and D.
  • the swirl blade 7 has two independent supply channels 11 and 21.
  • the one feed channel with the outlet nozzles 11 can be used, for example, for injecting the medium D and the second feed channel 21 via the outlet nozzles 24 for injecting the medium B.
  • both be injected through the supply channels of the swirl vane 7 media gaseous, z.
  • an inert material such as water vapor can be injected via these outlet nozzles 11 and / or 21 if necessary.
  • FIG. 4 shows a fuel hub 18 with the supply channel 16, the annular channels 9 and 13 and openings 10, which leads the fuel into the blade 7.
  • FIG. 5 shows a fuel hub 18 according to the invention with flow divider 40.
  • the flow divider 40 (FIG. FIG. 6 ) consists of a tube 45 with passage opening 55 (hereinafter referred to as tube opening 55).
  • a disc 42 is seen on the tube in the flow direction at the first coming end of the tube 45 is mounted.
  • the disc 42 also has a tube opening 55 which coincides with the tube opening 55.
  • the diameter of the disc 42 is greater than the diameter of the tube 45. This forms between the wall 21 and the tube 45, a gap 38 in the flow direction.
  • the flow divider almost the shape of a double tube namely the tube 45 and the wall 21, which is also here tubular, on.
  • the disk 42 may be substantially positively mounted in the wall 21, for example, clamped.
  • a positioning projection 35 is possible, on which the disc 42 rests. Holes 50 are mounted in the disc 42. Preferably, these holes 50 are evenly distributed over the circumference. By the mounted in the disc 42 above holes in the flow divider 40, a fluid flow is divided. An adjustable small portion of the flow is directed through these smaller holes 50 into the gap 38. This fluid flow thus prevents the formation of deposits in the intermediate space 38 and clogging of the nozzles 14. Due to the low current is also given a function as a heat protection tube. In addition, the lowered flow in this area decouples the hot structure from the cold and thus provides heat protection. The hot support structure is thus thermally decoupled from the incoming fuel, preferably cold oil.
  • the main flow for supplying the nozzles 14 continues to flow through the pipe opening 55.
  • This is preferably realized as a central bore in the middle of the flow divider 40. Due to the flow divider 42 and a low flow of the fuel in the intermediate space 38, the heat transfer ⁇ in the intermediate space is substantially lower than the heat transfer ⁇ previously without flow divider at the same point; it therefore holds ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ before .
  • the main flow to supply the nozzle 14 continues to flow through the central bore, that is through the pipe opening 55.
  • the heat transfer ⁇ has remained substantially unchanged, ie, ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ before .
  • the function of the flow divider 40 is thus given as a heat shield and the hot support structure is decoupled from the incoming cold oil. High temperature and voltage gradients are therefore no longer formed. The life of the combustion chamber hub 18 is thus substantially increased.
  • the flow divider 40 thus divides the fluid flow into a small flow which flows through the intermediate space 38 and a quantitative main flow flowing through the tube opening 55.
  • the flow divider 40 thus prevents deposits and clogging of nozzles when using liquid fuels.
  • the lowered flow decouples the hot structure from the cold and thus provides heat protection.
  • high thermal gradients and resulting thermal stresses are prevented over a small cross section.
  • the flow divider 40 thus the component 18 can fulfill a high required life.
  • the flow divider 40 is easy to manufacture and easy to adapt to existing combustor hubs 18.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Agencement de brûleur pour une installation de combustion de combustibles fluides, qui comporte un moyeu-brûleur (18), au moins un canal (3, 4) d'apport d'air et, pour chaque type de combustible, au moins un canal (9, 12, 13, 16) d'apport de combustible, dans lequel le au moins un canal (9, 12, 13, 16) d'apport de combustible est constitué, au moins en partie, dans le moyeu-brûleur (18),
    caractérisé en ce que
    dans au moins un canal (12) d'apport de combustible est disposé un diviseur (40) de courant, qui est à distance de la paroi (21) du canal (12) d'apport de combustible, de manière à former, entre la paroi (21) du canal (12) d'apport de combustible et le diviseur (40) de courant, un espace (38) intermédiaire appartenant au trajet d'écoulement du combustible s'écoulant dans le canal (12) d'apport de combustible.
  2. Agencement de brûleur suivant la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le diviseur (40) de courant est formé d'un manchon (30) emmanché dans le canal (12) d'apport de combustible.
  3. Agencement de brûleur suivant la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le diviseur (40) de courant pénètre, au moins en partie, dans le canal (13) annulaire.
  4. Agencement de brûleur suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le diviseur (40) de courant est constitué d'un moyen de passage, notamment d'un tube (45) ayant une ouverture (55) de passage, ainsi que d'un disque (42) ayant une ouverture (55) de passage correspondante.
  5. Agencement de brûleur suivant la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    il est prévu, comme ouverture (55) de passage, un trou central au milieu du diviseur (40) de courant.
  6. Agencement de brûleur suivant l'une des revendications 4 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le disque (42) est prévu, considéré dans le sens du courant, à l'extrémité venant la première du moyen de passage.
  7. Agencement de brûleur suivant l'une des revendications 4 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le disque (42) a un diamètre plus grand que le diamètre du moyen de passage.
  8. Agencement de brûleur suivant l'une des revendications 4 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le diviseur (4) de courant comporte dans le disque (42) au moins un trou (50).
  9. Agencement de brûleur suivant la revendication 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le disque (42) comporte plusieurs trous (50), qui sont répartis d'une manière sensiblement uniforme sur le pourtour.
  10. Procédé pour faire fonctionner un agencement de brûleur suivant l'une des revendications 4 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'en fonctionnement on fait passer du combustible dans le canal (12) d'apport de combustible, la partie principale du combustible passant par l'ouverture (55) de passage du diviseur (40) de courant, et une partie plus petite du combustible passant dans l'espace (38) intermédiaire du diviseur (40) de courant, en empêchant ainsi dans une grande mesure qu'il se produise des dépôts dans l'espace (38) intermédiaire.
EP09162827A 2009-06-16 2009-06-16 Agencement de brûleur pour une installation de combustion destinée à la combustion de combustibles fluidiques et procédé de fonctionnement d'un tel agencement de brûleur Not-in-force EP2264370B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09162827A EP2264370B1 (fr) 2009-06-16 2009-06-16 Agencement de brûleur pour une installation de combustion destinée à la combustion de combustibles fluidiques et procédé de fonctionnement d'un tel agencement de brûleur
CN201010202904.4A CN101922714B (zh) 2009-06-16 2010-06-10 用于点燃流体燃料的点火设备的燃烧器装置及其运行方法
US12/814,707 US20100316966A1 (en) 2009-06-16 2010-06-14 Burner arrangement for a combustion system for combusting liquid fuels and method for operating such a burner arrangement
RU2010124411/06A RU2531714C2 (ru) 2009-06-16 2010-06-15 Система горелки для установки для сжигания топлива в виде текучей среды и способ работы такой системы горелки

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09162827A EP2264370B1 (fr) 2009-06-16 2009-06-16 Agencement de brûleur pour une installation de combustion destinée à la combustion de combustibles fluidiques et procédé de fonctionnement d'un tel agencement de brûleur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2264370A1 EP2264370A1 (fr) 2010-12-22
EP2264370B1 true EP2264370B1 (fr) 2012-10-10

Family

ID=41262140

Family Applications (1)

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EP09162827A Not-in-force EP2264370B1 (fr) 2009-06-16 2009-06-16 Agencement de brûleur pour une installation de combustion destinée à la combustion de combustibles fluidiques et procédé de fonctionnement d'un tel agencement de brûleur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20100316966A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2264370B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101922714B (fr)
RU (1) RU2531714C2 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2264370A1 (fr) 2010-12-22
US20100316966A1 (en) 2010-12-16
CN101922714B (zh) 2014-12-17
RU2010124411A (ru) 2011-12-20
RU2531714C2 (ru) 2014-10-27
CN101922714A (zh) 2010-12-22

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