EP2260242B1 - System for ash recycling - Google Patents

System for ash recycling Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2260242B1
EP2260242B1 EP09719274.4A EP09719274A EP2260242B1 EP 2260242 B1 EP2260242 B1 EP 2260242B1 EP 09719274 A EP09719274 A EP 09719274A EP 2260242 B1 EP2260242 B1 EP 2260242B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
ash
combustion boiler
hardness
combustion
coal
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EP09719274.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2260242A2 (en
Inventor
Rafael Moreno Rueda
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Clyde Bergemann DRYCON GmbH
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Clyde Bergemann DRYCON GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
    • F23J1/06—Mechanically-operated devices, e.g. clinker pushers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/106—Combustion in two or more stages with recirculation of unburned solid or gaseous matter into combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/30—Solid combustion residues, e.g. bottom or flyash
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/55—Controlling; Monitoring or measuring
    • F23G2900/55005—Sensing ash or slag properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
    • F23J2900/01002—Cooling of ashes from the combustion chamber by indirect heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
    • F23J2900/01003—Ash crushing means associated with ash removal means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
    • F23J2900/01005—Mixing water to ash
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
    • F23J2900/01009—Controls related to ash or slag extraction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the efficient operation of incinerators for fossil fuels and / or waste incinerators.
  • a method of treating combustion residues from a combustion boiler is known.
  • the combustion residues are discharged with a conveyor from the combustion boiler and returned to the reduction of unburned components back into the combustion boiler, whereby previously a crushing of the combustion residues.
  • the heat generated by the combustion of the flue gases is absorbed in such systems by means of heat exchangers and continue to be used. It is proposed here that the removal of the ashes from the combustion process takes place either continuously and / or discontinuously. Especially for a discontinuous removal of the ash was the triggering time of the effectiveness of the heat exchange used in such incinerators in the downstream heat exchanger rooms and / or the degree of slagging of the heat exchanger.
  • the invention dissolves from this traditional idea by proposing a parameter which is not yet in focus for the removal of the ashes (type and / or extent).
  • the hardness of the ash is taken as a point, the strength of the ashes in particular being meant by "hardness”.
  • the aim of the process is in particular to remove or solidify the ashes with a lower hardness than was hitherto customary.
  • the wear on the following components can be reduced or other components can be used.
  • the ashes prior to step d) have an average hardness bandwidth of less than 4.
  • the hardness band width is a standard specification of the strength of the ash in these specialist circles. In this technical area is regularly spoken about a hardness range of 1 to 10, wherein 10 corresponds to the hardness of a diamond.
  • the bottom ash in coal-fired power plants was previously in the range 5 to 8.
  • a hardness range in the coal namely in the range of 2 to 3, is set.
  • step b) and c) additionally fuel, in particular coal, is supplied.
  • fuel in particular coal
  • an internal cleaning of the combustion boiler is carried out to carry out step a). This means that at desired times a cleaning of the inner surfaces of the combustion boiler is at least partially carried out and the ash thus produced is removed from the combustion boiler. In other words, this also means that the internal cleaning initiates or enhances the removal of the ash from the combustion boiler at desired times.
  • the internal cleaning involves treating the ash with water.
  • the water that flows into the ash or ash leads to a smaller chunk size of the ash to be removed and can also cause a certain "softening" of the caked, partially sintered ash slag (reduction of the hardness range).
  • solvents may also be added here, which allows “softening” of the ashes while retaining the environmental regulations.
  • At least one operating parameter of the combustion boiler is detected and compared with a characteristic of the hardness range of the ash characteristic value, wherein upon reaching a threshold, a treatment of the ash in the combustion boiler and / or a withdrawal is initiated.
  • a threshold upon reaching a threshold, a treatment of the ash in the combustion boiler and / or a withdrawal is initiated.
  • Thresholds resulting from experiments can then be used for a regulation in which, when the threshold value is reached, the treatment of the ashes in the interior and / or the removal is initiated.
  • the device is additionally provided with sensors, cleaning means (for example in the form of water lances for the combustion boiler) and (data-oriented) control.
  • the process offers particularly great advantages in a device in which the ash is passed over a coal conveyor and a coal pulverizer.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically and not limiting a possible structure of a device 3 according to the invention, as it is particularly suitable for carrying out the method described here.
  • the device 3 comprises the centrally represented combustion system 1 with the combustion boiler 2.
  • the material burnt in the lower region of the combustion boiler 2 by means of the burner 20 deposits on the insides of the combustion boiler 2 and / or on heat exchangers 16.
  • different sensors 9 are positioned in or on the combustion boiler. Via control lines 14, the measurement data of the sensors 9 are monitored by the controller 11.
  • cleaning agent shown here in the manner of a water lance blower, activated so that the ash is removed.
  • the ash resulting from the normal combustion, as well as the ash removed from the interior of the combustion boiler 2 by means of the cleaning agent 10, is withdrawn via the outlet and fed to a conveyor belt 17 of a Conveyor 6 abandoned.
  • the conveyor 6 which has an airtight housing 18, the hot ash is moved towards a mill 19.
  • the cooling of the ash on the conveyor belt 17 also takes place, for example, with the aid of an air supply 4, which realizes an opposite air flow to the inlet 5, because the combustion boiler 2 is operated regularly with negative pressure.
  • a water supply 15 may additionally be provided, with the water can be applied to the cooling ash.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur effizienten Betriebsweise von Verbrennungsanlagen für fossile Rohstoffe und/oder Abfallverbrennungsanlagen.The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the efficient operation of incinerators for fossil fuels and / or waste incinerators.

Insbesondere steht dabei im Vordergrund, eine Material schonende Betriebsweise zu realisieren, so dass sich eine gegenüber dem Stand der Technik verringerte Verschleißwirkung bezüglich wenigstens einer der Komponenten der Verbrennungsanlage ergibt.In particular, it is in the foreground to realize a material-saving operation, so that there is a comparison with the prior art reduced wear effect with respect to at least one of the components of the incinerator.

Aus der WO-A1-97/45675 ist ein Verfahren zur Behandlung von Verbrennungsrückständen aus einem Verbrennungskessel bekannt. Bei diesem Verfahren werden die Verbrennungsrückstände mit einem Förderer aus dem Verbrennungskessel ausgetragen und zur Reduzierung unverbrannter Bestandteile wieder in den Verbrennungskessel zurückgeführt, wobei zuvor eine Zerkleinerung der Verbrennungsrückstände erfolgt.From the WO-A1-97 / 45675 For example, a method of treating combustion residues from a combustion boiler is known. In this method, the combustion residues are discharged with a conveyor from the combustion boiler and returned to the reduction of unburned components back into the combustion boiler, whereby previously a crushing of the combustion residues.

Diese Aufgaben werden gelöst mit einem Verfahren gemäß den Schritten des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie einer Vorrichtung gemäß den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 7. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben, ebenso wie in der Beschreibung.These objects are achieved by a method according to the steps of claim 1 and a device according to the features of claim 7. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims, as well as in the description.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass zumindest folgende Schritte realisiert sind:

  1. a) Entnahme der Asche aus einem Verbrennungskessel,
  2. b) (ggf.) Verfestigen der Asche,
  3. c) Zerkleinern der Asche, und
  4. d) Zuführen zumindest eines Teils der Asche in den Verbrennungskessel von vorne,
wobei die Härte der Asche während der Schritte a) oder b) gezielt eingestellt wird.The method according to the invention is characterized in that at least the following steps are implemented:
  1. a) removal of the ash from a combustion boiler,
  2. b) solidifying the ash, if necessary
  3. c) crushing the ashes, and
  4. d) feeding at least a portion of the ash into the combustion boiler from the front,
wherein the hardness of the ash during the steps a) or b) is set specifically.

Die mit der Verbrennung erzeugte Wärme der Rauchgase wird in solchen Anlagen mittels Wärmetauscher aufgenommen und weiter verwendet. Es wird hier vorgeschlagen, dass die Entnahme der Asche aus dem Verbrennungsprozess entweder kontinuierlich und/oder diskontinuierlich erfolgt. Gerade für eine diskontinuierliche Entnahme der Asche wurde als Auslösezeitpunkt die Effektivität des Wärmeaustauschs bei solchen Verbrennungsanlagen in den nachgelagerten Wärmetauscher-Räumen und/oder der Verschlackungsgrad der Wärmetauscher herangezogen.The heat generated by the combustion of the flue gases is absorbed in such systems by means of heat exchangers and continue to be used. It is proposed here that the removal of the ashes from the combustion process takes place either continuously and / or discontinuously. Especially for a discontinuous removal of the ash was the triggering time of the effectiveness of the heat exchange used in such incinerators in the downstream heat exchanger rooms and / or the degree of slagging of the heat exchanger.

Von dieser traditionellen Vorstellung löst sich die Erfindung, indem sie eine bislang nicht im Fokus stehende Kenngröße zur Entnahme der Asche (Art und/oder Umfang) vorschlägt. Hierbei wird auf die Härte der Asche abgestellt, wobei insbesondere mit "Härte" die Festigkeit der Aschebrocken gemeint ist. Ziel ist es, mit dem Verfahren insbesondere, die Asche mit einer geringeren Härte zu entnehmen bzw. erstarren zu lassen, als das bislang üblich war. Damit kann der Verschleiß bei den nachfolgenden Komponenten reduziert werden, bzw. es können andere Komponenten zum Einsatz gelangen. Hierzu ist es regelmäßig erforderlich, die Asche bezüglich wenigstens einer Eigenschaft im Inneren des Verbrennungskessels und/oder außerhalb zu beobachten bzw. zu überwachen und dann mit Hilfe eines konkreten Regelkreises eine Beeinflussung des Härtegrades der Asche vorzunehmen.The invention dissolves from this traditional idea by proposing a parameter which is not yet in focus for the removal of the ashes (type and / or extent). In this case, the hardness of the ash is taken as a point, the strength of the ashes in particular being meant by "hardness". The aim of the process is in particular to remove or solidify the ashes with a lower hardness than was hitherto customary. Thus, the wear on the following components can be reduced or other components can be used. For this purpose, it is regularly necessary to observe or monitor the ash with respect to at least one property inside the combustion boiler and / or outside and then make an influence on the degree of hardness of the ash with the aid of a specific control loop.

Insbesondere wird als vorteilhaft erachtet, dass die Asche vor Schritt d) eine mittlere Härtebandbreite von weniger als 4 hat. Die Härtebandbreite ist eine in diesen Fachkreisen übliche Angabe der Festigkeit der Asche. Im diesem technischen Bereich wird regelmäßig über eine Härtebandbreite von 1 bis 10 gesprochen, wobei 10 dem Härtegrad eines Diamanten entspricht. Die Bodenasche in Kohlekraftwerken lag bislang im Bereich 5 bis 8. Insbesondere wir hier vorgeschlagen, dass eine Härtebandbreite im Bereich der Kohle, nämlich im Bereich von 2 bis 3, eingestellt wird.In particular, it is considered advantageous that the ashes prior to step d) have an average hardness bandwidth of less than 4. The hardness band width is a standard specification of the strength of the ash in these specialist circles. In this technical area is regularly spoken about a hardness range of 1 to 10, wherein 10 corresponds to the hardness of a diamond. The bottom ash in coal-fired power plants was previously in the range 5 to 8. In particular, we proposed here that a hardness range in the coal, namely in the range of 2 to 3, is set.

Des Weiteren wird vorgeschlagen, dass zwischen Schritt b) und c) zusätzlich Brennstoff, insbesondere Kohle, zugeführt wird. Das heißt mit anderen Worten auch, dass zum Beispiel Asche (erstmalig) und Kohle mit dem gleichen Zerkleinerer bearbeitet werden. Gerade für einen solchen Kohlezerkleinerer kann folglich der Verschleiß drastisch reduziert werden; beispielsweise um 15 bis 20 %.Furthermore, it is proposed that between step b) and c) additionally fuel, in particular coal, is supplied. In other words, that means, for example, that ash (for the first time) and coal are processed with the same shredder. Consequently, wear can be drastically reduced, especially for such a coal pulverizer; for example, by 15 to 20%.

Darüber hinaus wird als vorteilhaft angesehen, dass zur Durchführung des Schrittes a) eine interne Reinigung des Verbrennungskessels vorgenommen wird. Das heißt also, dass zu gewünschten Zeitpunkten eine Abreinigung der inneren Oberflächen des Verbrennungskessels zumindest teilweise vorgenommen und die damit erzeugte Asche aus dem Verbrennungskessel entnommen wird. Mit anderen Worten heißt das auch, dass die interne Reinigung die Entnahme der Asche aus dem Verbrennungskessel zu gewünschten Zeitpunkten einleitet bzw. verstärkt.In addition, it is considered advantageous that an internal cleaning of the combustion boiler is carried out to carry out step a). This means that at desired times a cleaning of the inner surfaces of the combustion boiler is at least partially carried out and the ash thus produced is removed from the combustion boiler. In other words, this also means that the internal cleaning initiates or enhances the removal of the ash from the combustion boiler at desired times.

Schließlich wird auch vorgeschlagen, dass die interne Reinigung eine Behandlung der Asche mit Wasser umfasst. Das in die Asche bzw. auf die Asche einwirkende Wasser führt einerseits zu einer geringeren Brockengröße der zu entnehmenden Asche und kann zudem eine gewisse "Aufweichung" der verbackten, teilweise auch gesinterten, Asche-Verschlackung bewirken (Reduzierung der Härtebandbreite). Gegebenenfalls können hier auch Lösungsmittel beigefügt werden, die eine "Aufweichung" der Asche unter Einbehaltung der Umwelt-Vorschriften erlaubt.Finally, it is also suggested that the internal cleaning involves treating the ash with water. On the one hand, the water that flows into the ash or ash leads to a smaller chunk size of the ash to be removed and can also cause a certain "softening" of the caked, partially sintered ash slag (reduction of the hardness range). If necessary, solvents may also be added here, which allows "softening" of the ashes while retaining the environmental regulations.

Darüber hinaus ist ganz besonders bevorzugt, dass wenigstens ein Betriebsparameter des Verbrennungskessels erfasst und mit einem für die Härtebandbreite der Asche charakteristischen Kennwert verglichen wird, wobei bei Erreichen eines Schwellenwertes eine Behandlung der Asche im Verbrennungskessel und/oder eine Entnahme eingeleitet wird. Hierbei wird also insbesondere eine gezielte Überwachung der Betriebsparameter des Kessels und/oder des charakteristischen Kennwerts der Asche vorgeschlagen. Aus Versuchen resultierende Schwellenwerte können dann für eine Regelung genutzt werden, bei der also bei Erreichen des Schwellenwertes die Behandlung der Asche im Inneren und/oder die Entnahme eingeleitet wird.In addition, it is very particularly preferred that at least one operating parameter of the combustion boiler is detected and compared with a characteristic of the hardness range of the ash characteristic value, wherein upon reaching a threshold, a treatment of the ash in the combustion boiler and / or a withdrawal is initiated. In this case, in particular a targeted monitoring of the operating parameters of the boiler and / or the characteristic characteristic of the ash is proposed. Thresholds resulting from experiments can then be used for a regulation in which, when the threshold value is reached, the treatment of the ashes in the interior and / or the removal is initiated.

Zur Verwirklichung des hier erfindungsgemäß beschriebenen Verfahrens wird auch eine Vorrichtung gemäß Patentanspruch 7 vorgeschlagen, die eine Verbrennungsanlage mit den zumindest folgenden Elementen umfasst:

  • einen Verwahrungskessel mit einem Auslass für Asche, um auf
  • (wenigstens) einen Förderer zum Abtransport und Kühlen der heißen Asche,
  • (wenigstens) einen Zerkleinerer für die kalte Asche, und
  • (wenigstens) einen Einlass des Verbrennungskessels für die Asche,
wobei diese Elemente so zusammenwirken, dass für die Asche (zumindest teilweise) ein Kreislauf (Rezirkulation) gebildet ist.For realizing the method described here according to the invention, a device according to claim 7 is also proposed, which comprises an incinerator with at least the following elements:
  • a cask with an ash outlet to open
  • (at least) a conveyor for removing and cooling the hot ash,
  • (at least) a crusher for the cold ashes, and
  • (at least) an inlet of the ash combustion boiler,
these elements interact in such a way that a circulation (recirculation) is formed (at least partially) for the ash.

Als sehr vorteilhaft wird angesehen, dass die Vorrichtung zusätzlich mit Sensoren, Reinigungsmitteln (z.B. nach Art von Wasserlanzenbläsern für den Verbrennungskessel) und eine (datenorientierte) Steuerung vorgesehen ist.It is considered to be very advantageous that the device is additionally provided with sensors, cleaning means (for example in the form of water lances for the combustion boiler) and (data-oriented) control.

Zudem bietet das Verfahren besonders große Vorzüge bei einer Vorrichtung, bei der die Asche über einen Kohleförderer und einen Kohlezerkleinerer geführt wird.In addition, the process offers particularly great advantages in a device in which the ash is passed over a coal conveyor and a coal pulverizer.

Die Erfindung sowie das technische Umfeld werden anhand der beigefügten Figur 1 erläutert. Diese zeigt schematisch und nicht einschränkend einen möglichen Aufbau einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 3, wie sie insbesondere zur Durchführung des hier beschriebenen Verfahrens geeignet ist.The invention and the technical environment are described with reference to the attached FIG. 1 explained. This shows schematically and not limiting a possible structure of a device 3 according to the invention, as it is particularly suitable for carrying out the method described here.

Die Vorrichtung 3 umfasst die zentral dargestellte Verbrennungsanlage 1 mit dem Verbrennungskessel 2. Das im unteren Bereich des Verbrennungskessels 2 mittels der Brenner 20 verbrannte Material lagert sich auf den Innenseiten des Verbrennungskessels 2 und/oder auf Wärmetauschern 16 an. Zur Überwachung dieser Anlagerung und/oder der Verschlackung dieser Bauteile sind im bzw. am Verbrennungskessel 2 verschiedene Sensoren 9 positioniert. Über Steuerleitungen 14 werden die Messdaten der Sensoren 9 von der Steuerung 11 überwacht. Zu gegebenen Auslösezeitpunkten werden Reinigungsmittel, hier dargestellt nach Art eines Wasserlanzenbläsers, aktiviert, so dass die Asche entfernt wird.The device 3 comprises the centrally represented combustion system 1 with the combustion boiler 2. The material burnt in the lower region of the combustion boiler 2 by means of the burner 20 deposits on the insides of the combustion boiler 2 and / or on heat exchangers 16. To monitor this accumulation and / or the slagging of these components 2 different sensors 9 are positioned in or on the combustion boiler. Via control lines 14, the measurement data of the sensors 9 are monitored by the controller 11. At given trigger times cleaning agent, shown here in the manner of a water lance blower, activated so that the ash is removed.

Die bei der normalen Verbrennung entstehende Asche, ebenso wie die Asche, die mittels der Reinigungsmittel 10 aus dem Inneren des Verbrennungskessels 2 entfernt wird, wird über den Auslass entnommen und auf ein Förderband 17 eines Förderers 6 aufgegeben. Mit Hilfe des Förderers 6, der ein luftdichtes Gehäuse 18 aufweist, wird die heiße Asche hin zu einer Mühle 19 bewegt. Das Abkühlen der Asche auf dem Förderband 17 erfolgt zudem beispielsweise unter Zuhilfenahme von einer Luftzufuhr 4, die einen gegenläufigen Luftstrom hin zum Einlass 5 realisiert, weil der Verbrennungskessel 2 regelmäßig mit Unterdruck betrieben wird. Zur Einstellung des Härtebandgrades und/oder zur Einstellung eines gezielten Abkühlverhaltens kann zusätzlich eine Wasserzufuhr 15 vorgesehen sein, mit der Wasser auf die abkühlende Asche aufgegeben werden kann.The ash resulting from the normal combustion, as well as the ash removed from the interior of the combustion boiler 2 by means of the cleaning agent 10, is withdrawn via the outlet and fed to a conveyor belt 17 of a Conveyor 6 abandoned. With the aid of the conveyor 6, which has an airtight housing 18, the hot ash is moved towards a mill 19. The cooling of the ash on the conveyor belt 17 also takes place, for example, with the aid of an air supply 4, which realizes an opposite air flow to the inlet 5, because the combustion boiler 2 is operated regularly with negative pressure. To set the degree of hardness band and / or to set a specific cooling behavior, a water supply 15 may additionally be provided, with the water can be applied to the cooling ash.

Nachdem die Asche die Mühle 19 passiert hat, wird diese auf einen Kohleförderer 12 aufgegeben. Dort wird sie mit Kohle, welches aus einem Kohlereservoir 21 stammt, vermengt und gemeinsam einem Kohlezerkleinerer 13 zugeführt. Dort wird eine weitere Reduzierung der Brockengröße erreicht. Das so vorbehandelte Gemenge aus Asche und Kohle wird über den einen Einlass 8 des Verbrennungskessels 2 erneut zugeführt. So wird zumindest für einen Teil der Asche ein Kreislauf realisiert.After the ash has passed the mill 19, this is abandoned on a coal conveyor 12. There, it is mixed with coal, which comes from a coal reservoir 21, and together fed to a coal crusher 13. There, a further reduction in the size of the chunk is achieved. The thus pretreated mixture of ash and coal is fed again via the one inlet 8 of the combustion boiler 2. So at least for a part of the ashes a cycle is realized.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11 Verbrennungsanlageincinerator 22 Verbrennungskesselcombustion boiler 33 Vorrichtungcontraption 44 Luftzufuhrair supply 55 Auslassoutlet 66 Fördererpromoter 77 Zerkleinerershredder 88th Einlassinlet 99 Sensorsensor 1010 Reinigungsmittelcleaning supplies 1111 Steuerungcontrol 1212 Kohleförderercoal conveyor 1313 Kohlezerkleinerercoal pulverizer 1414 Steuerleitungcontrol line 1515 Wasserzufuhrwater supply 1616 Wärmetauscherheat exchangers 1717 Förderbandconveyor belt 1818 Gehäusecasing 1919 MühleMill 2020 Brennerburner 2121 Kohlereservoircoal reservoir

Claims (9)

  1. A method for operating a combustion plant (1), comprising at least the following steps:
    a) extraction of ash from a combustion boiler (2),
    b) solidification of the ash,
    c) crushing of the ash, and
    d) feed of at least part of the ash into the combustion boiler (2),
    characterized in that, the hardness of the ash being set in a directed manner during step a) or b).
  2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ash has a mean hardness bandwidth of less than 4 prior to step d).
  3. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein additionally fuel, in particular coal, is fed between step b) and c).
  4. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein internal cleaning of the combustion boiler is performed to carry out step a).
  5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the ash being treated with water.
  6. The method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one operating parameter of the combustion boiler (2) is detected and is compared with a characteristic value which is characteristic of the hardness of the ash, wherein treatment of the ash in the combustion boiler (2) and/or extraction being initiated when a threshold value is reached.
  7. An apparatus (3) for executing a method according to one of claims 1 to 6, comprising a combustion plant (1) with at least the following elements: a combustion boiler (2) with an outlet (5) for ash, a conveyor (6) for transporting away and cooling the hot ash, a crusher (7) for the cold ash, and an inlet (8) of the combustion boiler (2) for the ash, wherein these elements cooperating in such a way that a circuit is formed for at least a part of the ash, characterized by sensors (9) and a closed loop control to influence the hardness of the ash.
  8. The apparatus (3) as claimed in claim 7, wherein cleaning means (10) and a control (11) being provided.
  9. The apparatus (3) as claimed in claim 7 or 8, wherein the ash being routed via a coal conveyor (12) and a coal crusher (13).
EP09719274.4A 2008-03-03 2009-02-16 System for ash recycling Active EP2260242B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008012246A DE102008012246A1 (en) 2008-03-03 2008-03-03 System for ash recycling
PCT/EP2009/051789 WO2009112328A2 (en) 2008-03-03 2009-02-16 System for ash recycling

Publications (2)

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EP2260242A2 EP2260242A2 (en) 2010-12-15
EP2260242B1 true EP2260242B1 (en) 2013-04-24

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US (1) US20110070549A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2260242B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102008012246A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2009112328A2 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010015626B4 (en) * 2010-04-19 2022-07-28 Clyde Bergemann Drycon Gmbh Device and method for cleaning a device for conveying incineration residues
CN103925603A (en) * 2014-05-08 2014-07-16 江西省电力设计院 Dry-type slagging device with water-cooling spiral lower sliding rail
CN106979527A (en) * 2017-04-06 2017-07-25 安徽金尚机械制造有限公司 Biomass energy hot-blast stove malleation ash discharging gear
JP7286871B2 (en) * 2020-03-02 2023-06-05 株式会社Ihi Correlation derivation method and correlation derivation device

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US4369719A (en) * 1980-11-14 1983-01-25 Dearborn Chemical Company Vermiculite as a deposit modifier in coal fired boilers
US4480593A (en) * 1982-07-09 1984-11-06 Robinson Insulation Co. Method and composition to avoid ash build-up
US4488516A (en) * 1983-11-18 1984-12-18 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Soot blower system
JPH01111107A (en) * 1987-10-23 1989-04-27 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Cyclone coal combustion furnace with unburnt char recombustion system
JPH03180800A (en) * 1989-12-08 1991-08-06 Hitachi Ltd Incineration ash caking method
DE4312897C1 (en) * 1993-04-16 1994-07-07 Ver Energiewerke Ag Unburnt combustion-product combustion system from coal-fired boiler
US5383612A (en) * 1993-10-25 1995-01-24 Williams; Robert M. Apparatus for segregating low BTU material for a multi-source of fuel materials
IT1282773B1 (en) 1996-05-31 1998-03-31 Magaldi Ricerche & Brevetti PROCEDURE FOR RECIRCULATING ASH PRODUCED BY BOILERS FOR STEAM PRODUCTION
US7047894B2 (en) * 1999-11-02 2006-05-23 Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. Method and apparatus for combustion of residual carbon in fly ash
US6637354B2 (en) * 2000-03-24 2003-10-28 Wisconsin Electric Power Company Coal combustion products recovery process
CA2491960C (en) * 2002-07-09 2011-08-16 Clyde Bergemann, Inc. Multi-media rotating sootblower and automatic industrial boiler cleaning system
ITMI20041371A1 (en) * 2004-07-09 2004-10-09 Magaldi Power Spa INTEGRATED HEAVY ASH EXTRACTION SYSTEM TRANSFORMATION OF THEMSELVES INTO LIGHT ASH AND REDUCTION OF INCOMBUSTS

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2009112328A2 (en) 2009-09-17
US20110070549A1 (en) 2011-03-24
WO2009112328A3 (en) 2010-10-21
DE102008012246A1 (en) 2009-10-01
EP2260242A2 (en) 2010-12-15

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