EP2251099B2 - Device for separating a material into coarse and fine material - Google Patents

Device for separating a material into coarse and fine material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2251099B2
EP2251099B2 EP10004849.5A EP10004849A EP2251099B2 EP 2251099 B2 EP2251099 B2 EP 2251099B2 EP 10004849 A EP10004849 A EP 10004849A EP 2251099 B2 EP2251099 B2 EP 2251099B2
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Prior art keywords
classifying
air
distribution channel
zone
flow direction
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2251099A2 (en
EP2251099B1 (en
EP2251099A3 (en
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Hartmut Pallmann
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Hosokawa Alpine AG
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Hosokawa Alpine AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/08—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force
    • B07B7/086—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force generated by the winding course of the gas stream
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B07B9/02—Combinations of similar or different apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for separating feed material into fine material and coarse material according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Generic devices are known (see for example DE-A-1 607 631 ) and are often used as a downstream classification stage to separate coarse material from a gas-solids flow from an upstream process.
  • the upstream process can be carried out, for example, using a mill, a cyclone separator or a static or dynamic classifier.
  • systems are known in which the feedstock is fed to a first classification stage in the form of a basket classifier, where the fines are first removed from the feedstock. Particles that are rejected by the sifting wheel due to their size or weight flow along the inner wall of a cone forming the lower housing part, which opens into the cylindrical sifting zone of a second sifting stage.
  • the cylindrical sifting zone is concentrically surrounded by a ring duct, which is supplied with sifting air via a radial air inlet. The sifting air enters the sifting zone through openings in the wall between the cylindrical sifting zone and the ring channel, where it meets the material flow coming from the inner cone.
  • the feed material undergoes a second classification, with the fines being returned by the classifying air up to the basket classifier, while the oversize material leaves the classifying zone by gravity downwards, where it is collected and drawn off from time to time.
  • the selectivity of the second separation stage is not satisfactory, which means that the grain size distribution of the fines and the coarse material still has too many shares of the other fraction in each case.
  • the object of the invention is to further develop known classifiers with a view to maintaining a specified separation limit as precisely as possible.
  • a device was constructed in which the sifting air enters the sifting zone at a uniform flow rate over the entire circumference, with the result that a preselected separation limit is maintained exactly and permanently.
  • the invention assumes that, ideally, the quotient of the time-dependent volume flow of the sifting air and the area of the flow cross section of the distribution channel should remain as constant as possible over the entire length of the distribution channel in order to ensure a uniform flow rate in the distribution channel and thus when entering the classification zone obtain. Since the volume of the sifting air flow in the direction of flow through the distributor duct decreases to the extent that sifting air enters the sifting zone, the speed loss observed in the prior art can be counteracted by the distributor duct becoming increasingly smaller in cross section.
  • the speed losses are exactly compensated according to the invention by a corresponding reduction in the flow cross section in the plenum, that is, the sifting air flows at the beginning of the plenum at the same speed in the sifting zone as at the end of the plenum or somewhere in between. This creates uniform starting parameters for the sifting process over the entire sifting zone with the effect of a consistently high selectivity.
  • the reduction in the throughflow cross section of the distribution channel is preferably achieved by reducing its radial extension, the height of the distribution channel being able to be left as it is and thus not significantly increasing the structural complexity.
  • the flow cross section can be reduced in several stages, each of which extends over a peripheral section of the distribution channel.
  • a continuous course of the outer peripheral wall of the distribution channel is preferred, for example by the outer peripheral wall spiraling closer to the opposite circular-cylindrical wall delimiting the viewing zone.
  • the partition wall is formed according to a particularly preferred embodiment by a large number of air guide vanes arranged along the circumference of the classification zone. As a result of maintaining a tangential distance between two adjacent air guide vanes, axial passage gaps arise for the sifting air.
  • the rear end of the plate-like air guide vanes in the direction of flow can connect tangentially to the circular-cylindrical circumference of the sifting zone, while their front end protrudes into the distribution channel.
  • the front ends of the air guide vanes form a type of funnel that captures the separating air flow and concentrates it on the passage opening.
  • a device results in combination as a second classification stage after a static or dynamic classifier, such as a basket classifier, in which the fines discharge is arranged axially above the cylindrical classification zone, so that the fines coming from the classification zone can be fed to the fines discharge.
  • a static or dynamic classifier such as a basket classifier
  • the Figures 1 and 2 12 show a device 1 according to the invention in the essential sections, the device 1 in the present exemplary embodiment being integrated into a two-stage sifting process.
  • the first sifting stage is formed by a basket sifter, of which only the lower housing part 2 with a cylindrical section 3 and an inner cone 4 is shown. The lower end of a fines discharge 5 can also be seen.
  • the feed material 6 rejected by the sifting wheel which still contains fines and coarse material, flows downwards in the direction of the device 1 according to the invention, where a subsequent sifting takes place in a second stage.
  • the device 1 has a substantially cylindrical housing 7 which extends coaxially along the axis 8 and connects to the inner cone 4 of the basket classifier at the top.
  • a distributor channel 9 which is rectangular in cross-section and runs in a radial plane to the axis 8, which is composed of a bottom ring disk 10, a cover ring disk 11 lying plane-parallel opposite it at an axial distance, and an inner wall 12 connecting the two ring disks 10 and 11 in each case and outer wall 13.
  • an inlet connector 14 for supplying the sifting air opens tangentially into the distribution channel 9 .
  • the arrows 15 symbolize the classifying air flow within the distribution channel 9.
  • the outer wall 13 of the distribution channel 9 has a spiral course with respect to the axis 8, i.e. its distance from the axis 8 decreases in the flow direction 15.
  • the inner wall 12 surrounds the axis 8 concentrically, which together leads to a reduction in the radial extent of the distribution channel 9 and, with the axial height remaining the same, causes a steady reduction in the flow cross section in the flow direction 15 .
  • the inner wall 12 is made in a separate construction, that is, it is composed of a large number of individual air guide vanes 16 which are arranged at a tangential distance from one another.
  • the air guide vanes 16 consist of flat, plate-shaped elements whose opposing, axially extending end faces are bevelled, forming sharp edges 17 and 18 in this way.
  • the bevels of an air guide vane 16 formed in this way can run plane-parallel.
  • the air guide vanes 16 are attached in a tangential alignment to the axis 8 with their lower edge on the bottom ring disk 10 and with their upper edge on the cover ring disk 11 of the feed channel 9 .
  • edges 17 at the front in the direction of flow 15 extend into the distribution channel 9 , while the rear edges 18 are at the shortest distance from the axis 8 and adjoin a common circumferential circle 31 there tangentially.
  • the last air guide vane 16′ in flow direction 15 is longer and closes with its front end in flow direction 15 tightly against the outer wall 13 of distribution channel 9, so that it ends there and a circulatory flow of sifting air 15 is prevented.
  • This arrangement means that the outside 19 of a first air guide vane 16 in the flow direction 15, facing away from the axis 8, encloses a funnel-shaped gap 20 with the slope in the area of the front sharp edge 17 of the following air guide vane 16, which in the flow direction 15 extends into one of the slopes in the Area of the rear sharp edge 18 of the first air guide vane 16 and the axis 8 facing inside 22 of the following air guide vane 16 formed channel-shaped gap 21 with constant gap cross-section and causes a tangential orientation of the classifying air flow 15 'in this area.
  • the clearances between the vanes 16 extending along the circumferential circle 31 of the rear sharp edges 18 form passage openings 23 from the inside of the distribution channel 9 to a cylindrical classifying zone 24 enclosed by the inner wall 12.
  • the classifying air 15′ passes through the openings 23 tangentially into the classification zone 24 and sweeps with an axial upward component helically over the entire inner circumference of the classification zone 24 and hits the flow of feed material 6 directed axially downwards from the inner cone 4, which as a material curtain is also uniform over the entire circumference of the vision zone 24 is distributed.
  • the housing 7 continues in a cylindrical coarse material outlet 26, which merges into a collection cone 27 and whose lower end is closed by a discharge sluice 28.
  • the function of a device is as follows.
  • the feed material is sifted in a first sifting stage, for example on a sifting wheel of a basket sifter, and a first proportion of fines is drawn off.
  • the feed material 6 rejected at the sifting wheel is broken down further by the impact on the sifting wheel and as a result of turbulence-related collisions between the material particles, so that the feed material 6 still contains fines and coarse material, which is subjected to subsequent sifting to increase the efficiency of the sifting process.
  • the feed material 6 produced in the first classification stage flows axially downwards along the inner cone 4 into the region of the classification zone 24 of the device 1 according to the invention.
  • the device 1 used in the present example as a coarse material sifter is supplied with sifting air 15 by means of a blower (not shown), which air enters the distribution channel 9 via the inlet connector 14 .
  • a part of the sifting air 15 is branched off by the air guide vanes 16 and passed through the openings 23 in a tangential orientation to the axis 8 through the openings 23 into the sifting zone 24 (arrow 15′).
  • the splitting off of the partial sifting air flow 15' results in a volume reduction of the sifting air flow 15 in the distribution channel 9.
  • the flow cross section in the flow direction 15 decreases due to the spiral shape of the outer wall 13, which compensates for any speed losses in the sifting air flow 15 that would otherwise occur.
  • the speed of the sifting air 15 in the distribution channel 9 is thus constant over the entire circumference of the distribution duct 9 and thus also the entry speed of the sifting air 15' into the sifting zone 24.
  • the feed material 6 In the area of the sifting zone 24, the feed material 6 thus encounters a uniform sifting air flow 15', which flows upwards in a helical manner with a vertical component and, with a uniform drag force, detaches the fines, symbolized by the arrows 29, from the feed material 6 and conveys them to the fines discharge 5 or .feeds again to the basket sifter.
  • the coarse material 30 contained in the feed material 6 on the other hand, gravity prevails over the drag force of the sifting air flow 15', so that the coarse material 30 sinks in the direction of the coarse material discharge 26 and is then temporarily stored in the collecting cone 27 before it is removed from the device 1 via the discharge lock 28 .
  • the separation limit between fine material 29 and coarse material 30 can be set by appropriately selecting the flow rate of the sifting air 15 in the distribution channel 9.

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  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Trennen von Aufgabegut in Feingut und Grobgut gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for separating feed material into fine material and coarse material according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Gattungsgemäße Vorrichtungen sind bekannt (siehe beispielsweise DE-A-1 607 631 ) und werden häufig als nachgeschaltete Sichtstufe zum Ausscheiden von Grobgut aus einem Gas-Feststoff-Strom eines vorgeschalteten Prozesses eingesetzt. Der vorgeschaltete Prozess kann beispielsweise mittels einer Mühle, eines Zyklonabscheiders oder eines statischen oder dynamischen Sichters ausgeführt werden.Generic devices are known (see for example DE-A-1 607 631 ) and are often used as a downstream classification stage to separate coarse material from a gas-solids flow from an upstream process. The upstream process can be carried out, for example, using a mill, a cyclone separator or a static or dynamic classifier.

So sind beispielsweise Anlagen bekannt, bei denen das Aufgabegut einer ersten Sichtstufe in Form eines Korbsichters zugeführt wird, wo zunächst das Feingut aus dem Aufgabegut abgezogen wird. Partikel, die vom Sichtrad aufgrund ihrer Größe oder ihres Gewichts abgewiesen werden, fließen an der Innenwandung eines den unteren Gehäuseteil bildenden Konus entlang, der in die zylindrische Sichtzone einer zweiten Sichtstufe mündet. Die zylindrische Sichtzone ist von einem Ringkanal konzentrisch umgeben, der über einen radial einmündenden Lufteinlass mit Sichtluft beschickt wird. Durch Öffnungen in der Wand zwischen zylindrischer Sichtzone und Ringkanal tritt die Sichtluft in die Sichtzone, wo sie auf die vom Innenkonus kommende Gutströmung trifft. Auf diese Weise wird das Aufgabegut einer zweiten Sichtung unterzogen, wobei das Feingut von der Sichtluft nach oben zum Korbsichter zurückgeführt wird, während das Grobgut schwerkraftbedingt die Sichtzone nach unten verlässt, wo es gesammelt und von Zeit zu Zeit abgezogen wird. Dabei hat sich jedoch herausgestellt, dass die Trennschärfe der zweiten Sichtstufe nicht zufriedenstellend ist, das heißt, dass die Korngrößenverteilung des Feinguts bzw. des Grobguts noch zu viele Anteile der jeweils anderen Fraktion aufweist.For example, systems are known in which the feedstock is fed to a first classification stage in the form of a basket classifier, where the fines are first removed from the feedstock. Particles that are rejected by the sifting wheel due to their size or weight flow along the inner wall of a cone forming the lower housing part, which opens into the cylindrical sifting zone of a second sifting stage. The cylindrical sifting zone is concentrically surrounded by a ring duct, which is supplied with sifting air via a radial air inlet. The sifting air enters the sifting zone through openings in the wall between the cylindrical sifting zone and the ring channel, where it meets the material flow coming from the inner cone. In this way, the feed material undergoes a second classification, with the fines being returned by the classifying air up to the basket classifier, while the oversize material leaves the classifying zone by gravity downwards, where it is collected and drawn off from time to time. However, it turned out that the selectivity of the second separation stage is not satisfactory, which means that the grain size distribution of the fines and the coarse material still has too many shares of the other fraction in each case.

Vor diesem Hintergrund liegt die Aufgabe der Erfindung darin, bekannte Sichter im Hinblick auf die möglichst exakte Einhaltung einer vorgegebenen Trenngrenze weiter zu entwickeln.Against this background, the object of the invention is to further develop known classifiers with a view to maintaining a specified separation limit as precisely as possible.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Advantageous developments result from the dependent claims.

Eine unsaubere Trennschärfe ist darauf zurückzuführen, dass die Sichtluft nicht über den gesamten Verlauf der Sichtzone mit einer einheitlichen Geschwindigkeit in die Sichtzone eintritt. Da der Sichteffekt im wesentlichen auf der von der Sichtluft auf die Gutpartikel ausgeübten Schleppkraft beruht und die Schleppkraft wiederum hauptsächlich von der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Sichtluft abhängt, werden in Bereichen mit hoher Strömungsgeschwindigkeit größere Gutpartikel als Feingut mitgerissen, während in Bereichen mit kleinerer Strömungsgeschwindigkeit derartige Partikel bereits als Grobgut ausgesondert werden. Die Trenngrenze wandert daher in Abhängigkeit der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit, was zu einer verschwommenen Trennschärfe führt.Unclean selectivity is due to the fact that the classifying air does not enter the classifying zone at a uniform rate over the entire course of the classifying zone. Since the sifting effect is essentially based on the drag force exerted on the material particles by the sifting air, and the drag force in turn depends mainly on the flow rate of the sifting air, larger material particles are entrained as fine material in areas with a high flow rate, while such particles are already entrained as fine material in areas with a lower flow rate coarse material to be sorted out. The separation boundary therefore migrates as a function of the flow velocity, which leads to a blurred separation sharpness.

Auf diese Erkenntnisse aufbauend wurde eine Vorrichtung konstruiert, bei der die Sichtluft über den gesamten Umfang der Sichtzone mit einheitlicher Strömungsgeschwindigkeit in die Sichtzone eintritt, mit der Folge, dass eine vorgewählte Trenngrenze exakt und dauerhaft eingehalten wird.Based on these findings, a device was constructed in which the sifting air enters the sifting zone at a uniform flow rate over the entire circumference, with the result that a preselected separation limit is maintained exactly and permanently.

Dabei geht die Erfindung davon aus, dass im Idealfall der Quotient aus dem zeitabhängigen Volumenstrom der Sichtluft und der Fläche des Durchströmquerschnitts des Verteilerkanals über die gesamte Länge des Verteilerkanals möglichst konstant bleiben sollte, um eine einheitliche Strömungsgeschwindigkeit im Verteilerkanal und damit beim Eintritt in die Sichtzone zu erhalten. Da das Volumen der Sichtluftströmung in Durchströmrichtung des Verteilerkanals in dem Maße abnimmt, wie Sichtluft in die Sichtzone eintritt, kann dem beim Stand der Technik zu beobachtenden Geschwindigkeitsverlust dadurch entgegen gewirkt werden, dass der Verteilerkanal im Querschnitt zunehmend kleiner wird. Im Idealfall werden erfindungsgemäß die Geschwindigkeitsverluste durch entsprechende Reduzierung des Strömungsquerschnitts im Verteilerkanal exakt ausgeglichen, das heißt, die Sichtluft strömt zu Beginn des Verteilerkanals mit der gleichen Geschwindigkeit in die Sichtzone wie am Ende des Verteilerkanals oder irgendwo dazwischen. Damit werden einheitliche Ausgangsparameter für den Sichtvorgang über die gesamte Sichtzone geschaffen mit dem Effekt einer gleichbleibend hohen Trennschärfe.The invention assumes that, ideally, the quotient of the time-dependent volume flow of the sifting air and the area of the flow cross section of the distribution channel should remain as constant as possible over the entire length of the distribution channel in order to ensure a uniform flow rate in the distribution channel and thus when entering the classification zone obtain. Since the volume of the sifting air flow in the direction of flow through the distributor duct decreases to the extent that sifting air enters the sifting zone, the speed loss observed in the prior art can be counteracted by the distributor duct becoming increasingly smaller in cross section. Ideally, the speed losses are exactly compensated according to the invention by a corresponding reduction in the flow cross section in the plenum, that is, the sifting air flows at the beginning of the plenum at the same speed in the sifting zone as at the end of the plenum or somewhere in between. This creates uniform starting parameters for the sifting process over the entire sifting zone with the effect of a consistently high selectivity.

Die Reduzierung des Durchströmquerschnitts des Verteilerkanals wird bevorzugt durch Verringerung dessen radialer Erstreckung erreicht, wobei der Verteilerkanal in seiner Höhe belassen werden kann und sich damit der konstruktive Aufwand nicht wesentlich erhöht. Die Reduzierung des Durchströmquerschnitts kann dabei in mehreren Stufen erfolgen, die sich jeweils über einen Umfangsabschnitt des Verteilerkanals erstrecken. Bevorzugt ist jedoch ein stetiger Verlauf der äußeren Umfangswand des Verteilerkanals, beispielsweise indem sich die äußere Umfangswand spiralförmig der gegenüberliegenden, die Sichtzone begrenzenden, kreiszylindrischen Wand annähert.The reduction in the throughflow cross section of the distribution channel is preferably achieved by reducing its radial extension, the height of the distribution channel being able to be left as it is and thus not significantly increasing the structural complexity. The flow cross section can be reduced in several stages, each of which extends over a peripheral section of the distribution channel. However, a continuous course of the outer peripheral wall of the distribution channel is preferred, for example by the outer peripheral wall spiraling closer to the opposite circular-cylindrical wall delimiting the viewing zone.

Während bei einfachen Ausführungsformen der Erfindung die zylindrische Wand zwischen Sichtzone und Verteilerkanal lediglich Durchtrittsöffnungen in einer ansonst geschlossenen Fläche aufweist, wird die Trennwand gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform von einer Vielzahl von Luftleitschaufeln gebildet, die entlang des Umfangs der Sichtzone angeordnet sind. Infolge eines dabei eingehaltenen tangentialen Abstands zweier benachbarter Luftleitschaufeln entstehen axiale Durchtrittsspalte für die Sichtluft.While in simple embodiments of the invention the cylindrical wall between the classification zone and distribution channel only has passage openings in an otherwise closed area, the partition wall is formed according to a particularly preferred embodiment by a large number of air guide vanes arranged along the circumference of the classification zone. As a result of maintaining a tangential distance between two adjacent air guide vanes, axial passage gaps arise for the sifting air.

In Weiterbildung dieser Ausführungsform können die plattenartigen Luftleitschaufeln mit ihrem in Durchströmrichtung hinteren Ende tangential an den kreiszylindrischen Umfang der Sichterzone anschließen, während ihr vorderes Ende in den Verteilerkanal hineinragt. Auf diese Weise bilden die vorderen Enden der Luftleitschaufeln eine Art Trichter, der die Sichtluftströmung einfängt und auf die Durchtrittsöffnung konzentriert.In a further development of this embodiment, the rear end of the plate-like air guide vanes in the direction of flow can connect tangentially to the circular-cylindrical circumference of the sifting zone, while their front end protrudes into the distribution channel. In this way, the front ends of the air guide vanes form a type of funnel that captures the separating air flow and concentrates it on the passage opening.

Unterstützt wird dieser Effekt, wenn die schmalen, die Durchtrittsöffnungen begrenzenden Stirnseiten der Luftleitschaufeln schräg verlaufen, wobei die scharfe axiale Kante am vorderen Ende der Luftleitschaufeln dem Verteilerkanal zugewandt ist und die scharfe Kante am hinteren Ende der Luftleitschaufeln der Sichtzone zugewandt ist. Durch die schrägen Stirnseiten wird die Trichterwirkung weiter verbessert und darüber hinaus wird im tangentialen Überlappungsbereich zweier benachbarter Leitschaufeln ein Einströmkanal für die Sichtluft gebildet, der eine tangentiale Ausrichtung der Sichtluftströmung beim Eintritt in die Sichtzone ermöglicht und dort eine schraubenlinienförmig nach oben gerichtete Luftströmung bewirkt. So wird eine ausreichende Sichtung auch in den Bereichen zwischen den Durchtrittsöffnungen sichergestellt.This effect is supported if the narrow end faces of the air guide vanes delimiting the passage openings run obliquely, with the sharp axial edge at the front end of the air guide vanes facing the distribution channel and the sharp edge at the rear end of the air guide vanes facing the viewing zone. The funnel effect is further improved by the sloping end faces and, in addition, an inflow channel for the sifting air is formed in the tangential overlapping area of two adjacent guide vanes, which enables a tangential orientation of the sifting air flow when entering the sifting zone and causes a helical air flow directed upwards there. In this way, adequate screening is also ensured in the areas between the passage openings.

Eine erfindungsgemäßer Vorrichtungen ergibt sich in Kombination als zweite Sichtstufe nach einem statischen oder dynamischen Sichter, wie zum Beispiel einem Korbsichter, bei dem der Feingutabzug axial oberhalb der zylindrischen Sichtzone angeordnet ist, so dass das aus der Sichtzone kommende Feingut dem Feingutabzug zuführbar ist.A device according to the invention results in combination as a second classification stage after a static or dynamic classifier, such as a basket classifier, in which the fines discharge is arranged axially above the cylindrical classification zone, so that the fines coming from the classification zone can be fed to the fines discharge.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Es zeigt

Fig. 1
einen Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung entlang der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Linie I-I und
Fig. 2
einen Querschnitt durch die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Vorrichtung entlang der dortigen Linie II-II.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. It shows
1
a longitudinal section through a device according to the invention along the in 2 shown line II and
2
a cross-section through the in 1 device shown along the local line II-II.

Die Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 1 in den wesentlichen Schnitten, wobei die Vorrichtung 1 im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel in einen zweistufigen Sichtungsprozess integriert ist. Die erste Sichtungsstufe wird von einem Korbsichter gebildet, von dem lediglich der Gehäuseunterteil 2 mit einem zylindrischen Abschnitt 3 und einem Innenkonus 4 dargestellt ist. Ferner sieht man das untere Ende eines Feingutabzugs 5. An der Wandung des Innenkonus 4 fließt das vom Sichtrad abgewiesene Aufgabegut 6, das noch Feingutanteile und Grobgutanteile enthält, nach unten in Richtung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 1, wo in einer zweiten Stufe eine Nachsichtung erfolgt.the Figures 1 and 2 12 show a device 1 according to the invention in the essential sections, the device 1 in the present exemplary embodiment being integrated into a two-stage sifting process. The first sifting stage is formed by a basket sifter, of which only the lower housing part 2 with a cylindrical section 3 and an inner cone 4 is shown. The lower end of a fines discharge 5 can also be seen. On the wall of the inner cone 4, the feed material 6 rejected by the sifting wheel, which still contains fines and coarse material, flows downwards in the direction of the device 1 according to the invention, where a subsequent sifting takes place in a second stage.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 1 besitzt ein im wesentlichen zylindrisches Gehäuse 7, das sich koaxial entlang der Achse 8 erstreckt und nach oben an den Innenkonus 4 des Korbsichters anschließt. In das Gehäuse 7 ist ein im Querschnitt rechteckförmiger und in einer Radialebene zur Achse 8 verlaufender Verteilerkanal 9 integriert, der sich zusammensetzt aus einer Bodenringscheibe 10, einer dazu in axialem Abstand planparallel gegenüberliegenden Deckringscheibe 11 sowie einer die beiden Ringscheiben 10 und 11 jeweils verbindenden Innenwand 12 und Außenwand 13.The device 1 according to the invention has a substantially cylindrical housing 7 which extends coaxially along the axis 8 and connects to the inner cone 4 of the basket classifier at the top. Integrated into the housing 7 is a distributor channel 9, which is rectangular in cross-section and runs in a radial plane to the axis 8, which is composed of a bottom ring disk 10, a cover ring disk 11 lying plane-parallel opposite it at an axial distance, and an inner wall 12 connecting the two ring disks 10 and 11 in each case and outer wall 13.

Wie vor allem aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich, mündet tangential in den Verteilerkanal 9 ein Einlassstutzen 14 zur Zufuhr der Sichtluft. Die Pfeile 15 versinnbildlichen die Sichtluftströmung innerhalb des Verteilerkanals 9. Die Außenwand 13 des Verteilerkanals 9 weist bezüglich der Achse 8 einen spiralförmigen Verlauf auf, das heißt ihr Abstand zur Achse 8 verringert sich in Durchströmrichtung 15. Die Innenwand 12 hingegen umgibt die Achse 8 konzentrisch, was zusammen zu einer Verringerung der radialen Erstreckung des Verteilerkanals 9 führt und bei gleichbleibender axialer Höhe eine stetige Verkleinerung des Durchströmquerschnitts in Durchströmrichtung 15 bewirkt.Like mainly from 2 As can be seen, an inlet connector 14 for supplying the sifting air opens tangentially into the distribution channel 9 . The arrows 15 symbolize the classifying air flow within the distribution channel 9. The outer wall 13 of the distribution channel 9 has a spiral course with respect to the axis 8, i.e. its distance from the axis 8 decreases in the flow direction 15. The inner wall 12, on the other hand, surrounds the axis 8 concentrically, which together leads to a reduction in the radial extent of the distribution channel 9 and, with the axial height remaining the same, causes a steady reduction in the flow cross section in the flow direction 15 .

Die Innenwand 12 ist in aufgelöster Bauweise hergestellt, das heißt sie setzt sich aus einer Vielzahl einzelner Luftleitschaufeln 16 zusammen, die in tangentialem Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind. Die Luftleitschaufeln 16 bestehen aus ebenen plattenförmigen Elementen, deren sich gegenüberliegende, axial verlaufende Stirnseiten abgeschrägt sind und auf diese Weise scharfe Kanten 17 und 18 bilden. Die auf diese Weise gebildeten Schrägen einer Luftleitschaufel 16 können planparallel verlaufen. Die Luftleitschaufeln 16 sind in tangentialer Ausrichtung zur Achse 8 mit ihrem unteren Rand an der Bodenringscheibe 10 und mit ihrem oberen Rand an der Deckringscheibe 11 des Zuführkanals 9 befestigt. Dabei erstrecken sich die in Durchströmrichtung 15 vorderen Kanten 17 in den Verteilerkanal 9 hinein, während die hinteren Kanten 18 den geringsten Abstand zur Achse 8 aufweisen und dort tangential an einen gemeinsamen Umfangskreis 31 anschließen. Die in Durchströmrichtung 15 letzte Luftleitschaufel 16' ist länger ausgebildet und schließt mit ihrem in Durchströmrichtung 15 vorderen Ende dicht an die Außenwand 13 des Verteilerkanals 9, so dass dieser dort endet und eine Kreislaufströmung der Sichtluft 15 verhindert wird.The inner wall 12 is made in a separate construction, that is, it is composed of a large number of individual air guide vanes 16 which are arranged at a tangential distance from one another. The air guide vanes 16 consist of flat, plate-shaped elements whose opposing, axially extending end faces are bevelled, forming sharp edges 17 and 18 in this way. The bevels of an air guide vane 16 formed in this way can run plane-parallel. The air guide vanes 16 are attached in a tangential alignment to the axis 8 with their lower edge on the bottom ring disk 10 and with their upper edge on the cover ring disk 11 of the feed channel 9 . The edges 17 at the front in the direction of flow 15 extend into the distribution channel 9 , while the rear edges 18 are at the shortest distance from the axis 8 and adjoin a common circumferential circle 31 there tangentially. The last air guide vane 16′ in flow direction 15 is longer and closes with its front end in flow direction 15 tightly against the outer wall 13 of distribution channel 9, so that it ends there and a circulatory flow of sifting air 15 is prevented.

Diese Anordnung führt dazu, dass die der Achse 8 abgewandte Außenseite 19 einer in Durchströmrichtung 15 ersten Luftleitschaufel 16 mit der Schräge im Bereich der vorderen scharfen Kante 17 der nachfolgenden Luftleitschaufel 16 einen trichterförmigen Spalt 20 einschließt, der in Durchströmrichtung 15 in einen von der Schräge im Bereich der hinteren scharfen Kante 18 der ersten Luftleitschaufel 16 und der der Achse 8 zugewandten Innenseite 22 der nachfolgenden Luftleitschaufel 16 gebildeten kanalförmigen Spalt 21 mit gleichbleibenden Spaltquerschnitt übergeht und eine tangentiale Ausrichtung der Sichtluftströmung 15' in diesem Bereich bewirkt.This arrangement means that the outside 19 of a first air guide vane 16 in the flow direction 15, facing away from the axis 8, encloses a funnel-shaped gap 20 with the slope in the area of the front sharp edge 17 of the following air guide vane 16, which in the flow direction 15 extends into one of the slopes in the Area of the rear sharp edge 18 of the first air guide vane 16 and the axis 8 facing inside 22 of the following air guide vane 16 formed channel-shaped gap 21 with constant gap cross-section and causes a tangential orientation of the classifying air flow 15 'in this area.

Die sich entlang des Umfangskreises 31 der hinteren scharfen Kanten 18 erstreckenden lichten Abstände zwischen den Leitschaufeln 16 bilden Durchtrittsöffnungen 23 vom Inneren des Verteilerkanals 9 zu einer von der Innenwand 12 umschlossenen zylindrischen Sichtzone 24. Die Sichtluft 15' tritt durch die Öffnungen 23 tangential in die Sichtzone 24 ein und streicht mit einer axialen nach oben gerichteten Komponente schraubenlinienförmig über den gesamten Innenumfang der Sichtzone 24 und trifft dabei auf die vom Innenkonus 4 axial nach unten gerichtete Strömung des Aufgabeguts 6, das als Gutschleier ebenfalls gleichmäßig über den gesamten Umfang der Sichtzone 24 verteilt ist.The clearances between the vanes 16 extending along the circumferential circle 31 of the rear sharp edges 18 form passage openings 23 from the inside of the distribution channel 9 to a cylindrical classifying zone 24 enclosed by the inner wall 12. The classifying air 15′ passes through the openings 23 tangentially into the classification zone 24 and sweeps with an axial upward component helically over the entire inner circumference of the classification zone 24 and hits the flow of feed material 6 directed axially downwards from the inner cone 4, which as a material curtain is also uniform over the entire circumference of the vision zone 24 is distributed.

Unterhalb der Sichtzone 24 setzt sich das Gehäuse 7 in einem zylindrischen Grobgutauslauf 26 fort, der in einen Sammelkonus 27 übergeht und dessen unteres Ende von einer Austragschleuse 28 verschlossen ist.Below the screening zone 24, the housing 7 continues in a cylindrical coarse material outlet 26, which merges into a collection cone 27 and whose lower end is closed by a discharge sluice 28.

Die Funktion einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung stellt sich wie folgt dar. Das Aufgabegut wird in einer ersten Sichtstufe beispielsweise an einem Sichtrad eines Korbsichters gesichtet und ein erster Anteil an Feingut abgezogen. Das am Sichtrad abgewiesene Aufgabegut 6 wird durch den Aufprall am Sichtrad und infolge turbulenzbedingter Kollisionen der Gutpartikel untereinander weiter aufgeschlossen, so dass sich im Aufgabegut 6 nach wie vor Feingut und Grobgut befinden, das zur Steigerung des Effizienz des Sichtprozesses einer Nachsichtung unterzogen wird. Zu diesem Zweck fließt das in der ersten Sichtstufe entstehende Aufgabegut 6 entlang des Innenkonus 4 axial nach unten in den Bereich der Sichtzone 24 der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 1.The function of a device according to the invention is as follows. The feed material is sifted in a first sifting stage, for example on a sifting wheel of a basket sifter, and a first proportion of fines is drawn off. The feed material 6 rejected at the sifting wheel is broken down further by the impact on the sifting wheel and as a result of turbulence-related collisions between the material particles, so that the feed material 6 still contains fines and coarse material, which is subjected to subsequent sifting to increase the efficiency of the sifting process. For this purpose, the feed material 6 produced in the first classification stage flows axially downwards along the inner cone 4 into the region of the classification zone 24 of the device 1 according to the invention.

Die im vorliegenden Beispiel als Grobgutsichter eingesetzte Vorrichtung 1 wird mittels eines nicht dargestellten Gebläses mit Sichtluft 15 beschickt, die über den Einlassstutzen 14 in den Verteilerkanal 9 gelangt. Ein Teil der Sichtluft 15 wird von den Luftleitschaufeln 16 jeweils abgezweigt und durch die Öffnungen 23 mit zur Achse 8 tangentialer Ausrichtung durch die Öffnungen 23 in die Sichtzone 24 geleitet (Pfeil 15'). An jeder Durchtrittsöffnung 23 kommt es durch die Abspaltung des Sichtluftteilstromes 15' zu einer Volumenverringerung des Sichtluftstroms 15 im Verteilerkanal 9. Gleichzeitig nimmt der Strömungsquerschnitt in Durchströmrichtung 15 durch den spiralförmigen Verlauf der Außenwand 13 ab, wodurch ansonsten auftretende Geschwindigkeitsverluste der Sichtluftströmung 15 ausgeglichen werden. Die Geschwindigkeit der Sichtluft 15 im Verteilerkanal 9 ist somit über den gesamten Umfang des Verteilerkanals 9 konstant und damit auch die Eintrittsgeschwindigkeit der Sichtluft 15' in die Sichtzone 24.The device 1 used in the present example as a coarse material sifter is supplied with sifting air 15 by means of a blower (not shown), which air enters the distribution channel 9 via the inlet connector 14 . A part of the sifting air 15 is branched off by the air guide vanes 16 and passed through the openings 23 in a tangential orientation to the axis 8 through the openings 23 into the sifting zone 24 (arrow 15′). At each passage opening 23, the splitting off of the partial sifting air flow 15' results in a volume reduction of the sifting air flow 15 in the distribution channel 9. At the same time, the flow cross section in the flow direction 15 decreases due to the spiral shape of the outer wall 13, which compensates for any speed losses in the sifting air flow 15 that would otherwise occur. The speed of the sifting air 15 in the distribution channel 9 is thus constant over the entire circumference of the distribution duct 9 and thus also the entry speed of the sifting air 15' into the sifting zone 24.

Im Bereich der Sichtzone 24 trifft das Aufgabegut 6 somit auf eine gleichmäßige Sichtluftströmung 15', die mit einer vertikalen Komponente schraubenlinienförmig nach oben strömt und dabei mit einer einheitlicher Schleppkraft das durch die Pfeile 29 versinnbildlichte Feingut aus dem Aufgabegut 6 löst und zum Feingutabzug 5 fördert bzw. erneut dem Korbsichter zuführt. Beim im Aufgabegut 6 enthaltenen Grobgut 30 hingegen überwiegt die Schwerkraft gegenüber der Schleppkraft des Sichtluftstroms 15', so dass das Grobgut 30 in Richtung des Grobgutaustrags 26 absinkt und im weiteren im Sammelkonus 27 zwischengespeichert wird, bevor es über die Austragschleuse 28 der Vorrichtung 1 entnommen wird.In the area of the sifting zone 24, the feed material 6 thus encounters a uniform sifting air flow 15', which flows upwards in a helical manner with a vertical component and, with a uniform drag force, detaches the fines, symbolized by the arrows 29, from the feed material 6 and conveys them to the fines discharge 5 or .feeds again to the basket sifter. In the case of the coarse material 30 contained in the feed material 6, on the other hand, gravity prevails over the drag force of the sifting air flow 15', so that the coarse material 30 sinks in the direction of the coarse material discharge 26 and is then temporarily stored in the collecting cone 27 before it is removed from the device 1 via the discharge lock 28 .

Die Trenngrenze zwischen Feingut 29 und Grobgut 30 kann durch entsprechende Wahl der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Sichtluft 15 im Verteilerkanal 9 eingestellt werden.The separation limit between fine material 29 and coarse material 30 can be set by appropriately selecting the flow rate of the sifting air 15 in the distribution channel 9.

Claims (7)

  1. Device for the classification of feedstock (6) into fine particles (29) and coarse particles (30)
    - with a cylindrical classifying zone (24) arranged along an axis (8),
    - with a distribution channel (9) for the supply of classifying air (15), extending around the circumference of the cylindrical classifying zone (24) and the flow cross-section thereof decreasing in flow direction,
    - the classifying zone (24) and the distribution channel (9) being separated from each other by a wall (12) having passage openings (23) allowing for the inlet of the classifying air (15) into the classifying zone (24)
    - with a feedstock chute adjacent axially to the cylindrical classifying zone (24) for the feeding of the feedstock (6) into the device and
    - with a coarse particles outlet (26) and with a fine particles aspiration (5) for the separated evacuation of coarse particles (3) and fines particles (29) out of the device,
    - whereby the feedstock chute is formed by the housing lower part (2) of an upstream static or dynamic sifter and the fine particles aspiration is arranged above of the cylindrical classifying zone (24) so that the fine particles(29) leaving the classifying zone (24) can be led to the fine particles aspiration (5), and whereby the wall (12) is formed by a number of air guiding vanes (16) encircling the classifying zone (24) and arranged spaced to each other in order to form the passage openings (23),
    characterized in that
    - at least one axially oriented end face of the guiding vanes (16) shows a slanted surface thus forming a sharp edge (17,18), whereby
    - in flow direction, the slanted surface of a first guiding vane (16) forms a channel-shaped gap (21) with the inner side of a following guiding vane (16) and
    - in flow direction, a first guiding vane (16) forms with its outer side and the slanted surface of a following guiding vane (16) a funnel-shaped gap (20).
  2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the radial extension of the distribution channel (9) decreases in flow direction (15) to reduce the flow cross-section.
  3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the classifying zone (24) has a circular cylindrical cross-section and the outer wall (13) of the distribution channel (9) runs in a spiral to the axis (8) in flow direction (15).
  4. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the distribution channel (9) is supplied with classifying air (15) via an inlet spout (14) discharging tangentially into the distribution channel (9).
  5. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the distribution channel (9) is closed at its end in peripheral direction.
  6. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in flow direction, the rear end of the air guiding vanes (16) are tangentially adjacent to the classifying zone (24).
  7. Device according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, in flow direction, the rear end of an air guiding vane (16) forms with the front end of an adjacent guiding vane (16), a passage gap (21) for the classifying air (15') opening tangentially into the classifying zone (24).
EP10004849.5A 2009-05-11 2010-05-07 Device for separating a material into coarse and fine material Active EP2251099B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009020713A DE102009020713A1 (en) 2009-05-11 2009-05-11 Device for separating feed into fine material and coarse material

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EP2251099A2 EP2251099A2 (en) 2010-11-17
EP2251099A3 EP2251099A3 (en) 2012-08-08
EP2251099B1 EP2251099B1 (en) 2013-08-21
EP2251099B2 true EP2251099B2 (en) 2022-12-28

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106892284B (en) * 2017-04-11 2023-06-09 沅陵县辰州荞韵食品有限公司 Grain screening agricultural machinery equipment and working method thereof

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1607631A1 (en) † 1967-07-27 1970-10-22 Krupp Gmbh Air separator
DE3508889C1 (en) † 1985-03-13 1992-02-20 Alpine Ag, 8900 Augsburg Air classifier with wear-free classifying wheel
CN2263554Y (en) † 1996-05-21 1997-10-01 中国石油化工总公司 Turbine powdery particle classificator

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5624528Y2 (en) * 1977-11-18 1981-06-09
US4551241A (en) * 1984-02-08 1985-11-05 Sturtevant, Inc. Particle classifier
DE3943733C2 (en) * 1989-05-12 1999-01-21 Canon Kk Air separator classifying powders

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1607631A1 (en) † 1967-07-27 1970-10-22 Krupp Gmbh Air separator
DE3508889C1 (en) † 1985-03-13 1992-02-20 Alpine Ag, 8900 Augsburg Air classifier with wear-free classifying wheel
CN2263554Y (en) † 1996-05-21 1997-10-01 中国石油化工总公司 Turbine powdery particle classificator

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EP2251099A2 (en) 2010-11-17
EP2251099B1 (en) 2013-08-21
EP2251099A3 (en) 2012-08-08
DE102009020713A1 (en) 2010-11-18

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