EP2242707B1 - Method and device for receiving and handing over fine-grain to coarse-grain solids from a container to a higher pressure system - Google Patents

Method and device for receiving and handing over fine-grain to coarse-grain solids from a container to a higher pressure system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2242707B1
EP2242707B1 EP09707814A EP09707814A EP2242707B1 EP 2242707 B1 EP2242707 B1 EP 2242707B1 EP 09707814 A EP09707814 A EP 09707814A EP 09707814 A EP09707814 A EP 09707814A EP 2242707 B1 EP2242707 B1 EP 2242707B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
central tube
gas
solid material
feed
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Not-in-force
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EP09707814A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2242707A1 (en
Inventor
Stefan Hamel
Johannes Kowoll
Eberhard Kuske
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ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
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Uhde GmbH
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Publication of EP2242707A1 publication Critical patent/EP2242707A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/54—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying
    • B65D88/64—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying preventing bridge formation
    • B65D88/70—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying preventing bridge formation using fluid jets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/26—Hoppers, i.e. containers having funnel-shaped discharge sections
    • B65D88/28—Construction or shape of discharge section

Definitions

  • the invention is directed to an apparatus and method for receiving and transferring fine to coarse-grained solids from a container into a higher pressure system via a shut-off device, the container having means for supplying the solids and for feeding the pressure in the container Gases and equipped with facilities for pressure equalization during filling and emptying, the container bottom is designed as a feed funnel to the obturator.
  • Such conversion processes may be, for example, the pressure combustion, pressure gasification or fluidized bed or air flow method.
  • Devices within containers for facilitating the discharge of powdery material are also for example from DE 11 30 368 A , of the DE 195 21 766 A , of the GB 940 506 A or the US 2 245 664 A known, the local tools are used exclusively for the supply of loosening air.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device for discharging solids that can be put under pressure with targeted covering of the container while avoiding compression of the bulk material, with secure guarantee of solids transport even with difficult bulk materials and high flexibility when using different Bulk goods during operation and the highest possible mass flow to the receiving container.
  • this object is achieved according to the invention in that within the container at a distance in the direction of gravity above the obturator at least one vertically oriented, top and bottom open central tubular body (central tube) and the container bottom and / or the central tube acting gas supply means are provided for generating a flow of solids in the central tube.
  • the central tube is double-walled and is acted upon by at least one gas supply line, wherein the tube wall is provided with gas outlet openings.
  • An essential embodiment of the invention is that the central tube is equipped with distributed over its length inlet openings for the solid, whereby it is possible that the solid can flow into the tube interior.
  • the fact that the central tube is equipped with outwardly directed and / or inwardly directed gas outlet openings, as the invention also provides, can lead to a targeted flow behavior of the solid inside the container depending on the wishes of the operator.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that in the double-walled central tube are formed by partitions annular chambers, each annular chamber is provided with at least one gas supply line, wherein between the annular chambers, the Festscherintragsö réelleen are provided in the interior of the central tube and wherein the diameter of the annular chambers equal or can be designed differently.
  • individual annular chambers are provided with individual gas feeds, it is possible, for example, to improve the inflow of solids from the outside to the inside through the corresponding solids inlet opening via the end faces of a higher annular chamber.
  • the invention also provides a multiple distribution of gas outlet openings, such as in the container walls, the central tube walls, in the lock associated with connecting piece u.
  • gas outlet openings such as in the container walls, the central tube walls, in the lock associated with connecting piece u.
  • the outlet openings for the formation of predefined flows e.g. Tangential currents are equipped with appropriate gas flow conducting elements.
  • a protective / deflecting hood is provided above the tube for deflecting the upwardly directed flow of solids during the container covering and for preventing the filling of the tube with solid during the filling process.
  • the above-defined object of the invention is achieved in that within the container at a distance in the direction of gravity above the shut-off at least one vertically aligned central tubular body (central tube) is provided, the filling of the first under ambient pressure Receiving container is carried out with solid in the annular space formed between the container inner wall and Primarohrau touchwand and during the filling process in the field of obturator, a gas is fed via a gas supply - / - discharge control pressure equalization in the container is carried out and subsequently the container by supplying gas to the higher system pressure is brought, which prevails beyond the obturator, wherein the gas is fed in such a way that initially in the central tube forms an upwardly directed flow of solids.
  • the device generally designated 1 is in Fig. 1 shown substantially schematically.
  • the device 1 consists essentially of a lock container 1 ', in the interior of which a pipe - in the following central tube 2 - is provided.
  • This container 1 is provided with a solids bed 3, wherein in Fig. 1 by arrows, a flow pattern is shown, as it results in the covering, ie in the pressurization, the container by means of compressed air.
  • Fig. 1 In the example of Fig. 1 are in the container bottom designated 19 Gas supply devices 7 are provided and in the transition region to the outlet 9, which leads to a shut-off valve 18, gas supplies 16, 9 additional gas feeds 17 are provided on the outlet 9, with the latter gas flows can be generated, for example, when filling the container eccentrically to the central tube 2 generate a flow of solids can, which is directed in the central tube 2 upwards, as indicated by arrows in Fig. 1 is indicated.
  • a deflecting or protective hood can be provided above the central tube, which in Fig. 1 denoted by 20 and indicated there schematically.
  • the gas supply in the pipe socket 9 is in Fig. 4 shown in more detail.
  • the central tube 2 is shown simplified as a double-wall tube with tube consisting of segments, wherein the individual tube segments designated 8 are arranged at a distance from each other, such that inflow openings 5 for the solid or a correspondingly conveyed gas results during emptying of the container.
  • This emptying situation is in Fig. 2 reproduced, wherein here the solid flow is indicated by solid arrows, while the gas flow is represented by dotted arrows.
  • the tube segments 8 with their inner tube shell 11 have at their outer tube shell 10 gas outlet openings, which are designated by 12.
  • Gas supply devices 7 are provided only in the funnel region of the container 1 ', but also in the cylindrical edge region. These gas supply devices are in Fig. 2 denoted by 6. Via supply lines 4, the annular spaces of the central tube 2 between the outer tube shell 10 and the inner tube shell 11 can be acted upon with gas, it being possible to provide that a common gas supply is provided ( Fig. 2 ) or also per pipe segment a respective individual gas supply, as in Fig. 3 is indicated.
  • the mode of action of the device according to the invention or the procedure according to the invention is the following:
  • the container 1 is first filled with solid so that the above the obturator 18 in relation to the funnel-shaped bottom of the container located central tube is not filled, with a certain amount of solids accumulates above the obturator. This situation is in Fig. 1 shown.
  • gas is simultaneously controlled individually via the segments 8 of the central tube 2 and via the gas supply devices 6 and 7 located on the container wall and / or on the container bottom, and the gas supply lines 16 and 17 are supplied in such a way that the in Fig. 1 formed solid in the interior of the central tube, wherein care is taken to ensure that via the gas supply lines 17 and the area immediately before the obturator 18 is loosened or blown.
  • the advantageous mode of operation is such that the main gas supply via this gas supply 17 takes place in the outlet. This results in a forced solid circulation within the container, which avoids is that occurs in a steady charge solidification of the material.
  • the gas supply 17 may be designed so that there is a swirling flow is generated via there designated 20 swirl-generating elements in the gas outlet designated 17 'in the Anchlussrohrstutzen 9, which ensures a corresponding turbulence of the solid.
  • This gas supply 17/17 ' may, for example, as in Fig. 4 indicated, designed as a circumferential annular gap or be provided over the circumference with further outlet openings.
  • a particular advantage of this design is that here recirculated dust-laden gas can be used to generate flow.
  • gas can be supplied in such a way that the wall friction in and around the emptying tube and around the container walls is reduced so that the locally localized solids loosen up.
  • the supplied gas accelerates the transfer of the solid in a subsequent system part.
  • the volume released by the solid exchange volume is refilled in the container.
  • excess gas can be supplied, which is important in order to avoid a negative pressure gradient at the outlet opening 9.
  • the individual segments can be provided with separate gas connections, it is also possible to individually apply the individual segments 8 and thus to control the flow of solids in a targeted manner.
  • the segment-wise addition of gas therefore allows the best possible gas distribution in the packed bed, whereby an improved fluidization of even difficult products during the discharge process can be achieved.
  • the described embodiment of the invention is still to be modified in many ways, without departing from the spirit.
  • the invention is not limited to that only a central tubular body is provided, the cross-sectional shape of this body may also deviate from the tube shape, and more than one such body may be provided parallel to each other u. like. More.

Abstract

A device and a method for receiving and handing over fine-grain to coarse-grain solids from a container to a higher pressure system via a cut-off device. The device and method allow improvement of the hand-over of the solids while reliably guaranteeing the solids transport even for difficult bulk materials, high operational flexibility when used for various bulk materials and high flow rates towards the receiving container while avoiding compression of the bulk material. The device is formed from at least one vertical central tubular body (central tube) which is arranged inside the container at a distance in the direction of gravitation upstream of the cut-off device and which is open at the top and at the bottom, and by gas supply devices impinging the container bottom and/or the central tube to produce a solids flow in the central tube.

Description

Die Erfindung richtet sich auf eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Aufnahme und Übergabe von fein- bis grobkörnigen Feststoffen aus einem Behälter in ein System höheren Druckes über ein Absperrorgan, wobei der Behälter mit Einrichtungen zur Zufuhr des Feststoffes und zur Zufuhr von den Druck im Behälter erhöhenden Gasen sowie mit Einrichtungen zum Druckausgleich beim Befüllen und Entleeren ausgerüstet ist, wobei der Behälterboden als Zufuhrtrichter zum Absperrorgan ausgebildet ist.The invention is directed to an apparatus and method for receiving and transferring fine to coarse-grained solids from a container into a higher pressure system via a shut-off device, the container having means for supplying the solids and for feeding the pressure in the container Gases and equipped with facilities for pressure equalization during filling and emptying, the container bottom is designed as a feed funnel to the obturator.

Eine solche Vorrichtung sowie ein solches Verfahren ist in WO2004/085578 A offenbart.Such a device and such a method is in WO2004 / 085578 A disclosed.

Es gibt eine Reihe von Einsatzfällen, in denen es notwendig ist, einem System z.B. aus der Umgebung Brennstoffe zuzuführen, die im weiteren Verfahren mit einem Druck behandelt werden, der erheblich über den Umbegungsdruck liegt.There are a number of applications in which it is necessary to provide a system e.g. To supply from the environment fuels that are treated in the further process with a pressure that is considerably above the Umbegungsdruck.

Eine solche Situation ergibt sich beispielsweise bei der thermischen Umwandlung fester Brennstoffe, wie beispielsweise unterschiedliche Kohlen, aber auch Torf, Hydrierrückstände, Reststoffe, Abfälle, Biomassen, Flugstaub od. dgl. wobei damit auch alle Gemische aus derartigen Stoffen gemeint sind. Derartige Umwandlungsprozesse können beispielsweise die Druckverbrennung, Druckvergasung oder wirbelschicht- bzw. Flugstromverfahren sein.Such a situation arises, for example, in the thermal conversion of solid fuels, such as different coals, but also peat, hydrogenation residues, residues, waste, biomass, fly ash od. Like. Whereby all mixtures of such substances are meant. Such conversion processes may be, for example, the pressure combustion, pressure gasification or fluidized bed or air flow method.

Bei derartigen Verfahren, z.B. bei der Druck-Kohlenstaub-Vergasung sind Drücke bis zu 45 bar nichts Ungewöhnliches, d.h. die umzuwandelnden Stoffe müssten vor der Vergasung auf diesen Druck gebracht werden, wobei höhere Drücke auch zu höheren Anlagekapazitäten führen.In such methods, e.g. In pressure coal dust gasification pressures up to 45 bar are not uncommon, i. the substances to be converted would have to be brought to this pressure before gasification, with higher pressures also leading to higher plant capacities.

Höhere Anlagekapazitäten bedeuten höhere Mengen an zu transportierenden Brennstoffen, wobei gleichzeitig umgekehrt auch höhere Mengen an Asche bzw. Schlacke zu bewältigen sind. Zu beachten ist dabei, dass geometrische Obergrenzen für derartige Schleusen bzw. Schleusenbehälter durch das zu erwartende Verhalten des Schüttgutes oder durch Austragsorgane, Verbindungsleitungen, Armaturen oder durch die zur Verfügung stehenden Örtlichkeiten gegeben sind. Dabei lässt sich eine Steigerung beispielsweise dadurch erreichen, dass die Anzahl der Behälter erhöht wird und/oder der Durchsatz beim Schleusvorgang.Higher investment capacity means higher amounts of transporting fuels, while conversely, higher amounts of ash or slag can be handled. It should be noted that geometric upper limits for such locks or lock containers are given by the expected behavior of the bulk material or by discharge organs, connecting lines, fittings or by the available locations. In this case, an increase can be achieved, for example, by increasing the number of containers and / or the throughput during the transfer operation.

Es gibt bereits eine Reihe von Lösungen, die sich mit dieser Problematik beschäftigen, so zeigt die WO 2004/085578 A1 einen Schleusenbehälter, der innen im konischen Behälterteil Gaszufuhrelemente vorsieht, über die der Behälter auf Zieldruck gebracht wird. Ähnliche Elemente zeigt die DE 41 08 048 im konischen Teil des Drucktopfes, um die Fluidisierung der Feststoffschüttung zu erreichen, um eine pneumatische Förderung aus dem Drucktopf zu verbessern. In der WO 98/11378 wird vorgeschlagen, durch Einbringen von porösen Elementen im Auslasskonus des Silos Gas zuzuführen, um einen gleichmäßigeren Materialfluss zu ermöglichen. Ähnliches wird in der US 4 941 779 beschrieben.There are already a number of solutions that deal with this problem, it shows WO 2004/085578 A1 a lock container, which provides inside the conical container part gas supply elements over which the container is brought to target pressure. Similar elements shows the DE 41 08 048 in the conical part of the pressure pot in order to achieve the fluidization of the solids bed in order to improve a pneumatic delivery from the pressure pot. In the WO 98/11378 It is proposed to supply gas by introducing porous elements in the outlet cone of the silo to allow a more even flow of material. Something similar will happen in the US 4,941,779 described.

Vorrichtungen innerhalb von Behältern zur Vereinfachung des Austragens pulvrigen Materiales sind beispielsweise auch aus der DE 11 30 368 A , der DE 195 21 766 A , der GB 940 506 A oder der US 2 245 664 A bekannt, wobei die dortigen Hilfsmittel ausschließlich der Zufuhr von Auflockerungsluft dienen.Devices within containers for facilitating the discharge of powdery material are also for example from DE 11 30 368 A , of the DE 195 21 766 A , of the GB 940 506 A or the US 2 245 664 A known, the local tools are used exclusively for the supply of loosening air.

Es ist auch bekannt, Austragungen von Schüttgütern aus Behältern über Förderschnecken oder ähnliche Elemente zu bewerkstelligen.It is also known to carry out discharges of bulk materials from containers via screw conveyors or similar elements.

Die Erfindung hat sich zur Aufgabe gestellt, eine Vorrichtung zum Ausschleusen von Feststoffen zu schaffen, die unter Druck gesetzt werden kann mit gezielter Bespannung des Behälters bei Vermeidung von Kompression des Schüttgutes, bei sicherer Gewährleistung des Feststofftransportes auch bei schwierigen Schüttgütern sowie hoher Flexibilität bei Einsatz unterschiedlicher Schüttgüter während des Betriebes und möglichst hohem Massenstrom zum Empfangsbehälter.The invention has for its object to provide a device for discharging solids that can be put under pressure with targeted covering of the container while avoiding compression of the bulk material, with secure guarantee of solids transport even with difficult bulk materials and high flexibility when using different Bulk goods during operation and the highest possible mass flow to the receiving container.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, sowie ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 11 gelöst.This object is achieved by a device according to claim 1, and a method according to claim 11.

Mit einer Vorrichtung der eingangs bezeichneten Art wird diese Aufgabe gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, dass innerhalb des Behälters auf Abstand in Schwerkraftrichtung oberhalb des Absperrorganes wenigstens ein vertikal ausgerichteter, oben und unten offener zentraler rohrförmiger Körper (Zentralrohr) sowie den Behälterboden und/oder das Zentralrohr beaufschlagende Gaszufuhreinrichtungen zur Erzeugung einer Feststoffströmung im Zentralrohr vorgesehen sind.With a device of the type described, this object is achieved according to the invention in that within the container at a distance in the direction of gravity above the obturator at least one vertically oriented, top and bottom open central tubular body (central tube) and the container bottom and / or the central tube acting gas supply means are provided for generating a flow of solids in the central tube.

Es hat sich gezeigt, dass das Vorsehen eines Zentralrohres in Kombination mit Gaszufuhreinrichtungen zu sehr guten Verhältnissen bei der Übergabe des Feststoffes vom Schleusenbehälter in einen nachgeschalteten Druckbehälter gegeben sind. Dies führt u.a. zur Erzielung sehr kurzer Taktzeiten.It has been found that the provision of a central tube in combination with gas supply means are given very good conditions in the transfer of the solid from the lock container in a downstream pressure vessel. This leads u.a. to achieve very short cycle times.

Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, wobei vorgesehen sein kann, dass das Zentralrohr doppelwandig ausgebildet ist und von wenigstens einer Gaszufuhrleitung beaufschlagt ist, wobei die Rohrwand mit Gasaustrittsöffnungen versehen ist.Further embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, wherein it can be provided that the central tube is double-walled and is acted upon by at least one gas supply line, wherein the tube wall is provided with gas outlet openings.

Die Möglichkeit, Gas sowohl über die Wände des Zentralrohres wie auch über die Behälterwände, insbesondere den Behälterboden, zuzuführen, führt zu einer Reihe von Vorteilen sowohl in der Phase des Befüllens des Behälters mit zu übergebendem Material, wie auch in der Austragsphase, wenn das Material unter höherem Druck übergeben wird.The ability to supply gas both over the walls of the central tube and over the container walls, particularly the container bottom, leads to a number of advantages both in the phase of filling the container with as well as in the discharge phase, when the material is transferred under higher pressure.

Eine wesentliche Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht darin, dass das Zentralrohr mit über seine Länge verteilten Einlauföffnungen für den Feststoff ausgerüstet ist, womit es möglich ist, dass der Feststoff in das Rohrinnere strömen kann. Dabei kann es, dadurch dass das Zentralrohr mit nach außen gerichteten und/oder nach innen gerichteten Gasaustrittsöffnungen ausgerüstet ist, wie dies die Erfindung ebenfalls vorsieht, zu einem gezielten Strömungsverhalten des Feststoffes im Inneren des Behälters je nach Wünschen des Betreibers kommen.An essential embodiment of the invention is that the central tube is equipped with distributed over its length inlet openings for the solid, whereby it is possible that the solid can flow into the tube interior. In this case, the fact that the central tube is equipped with outwardly directed and / or inwardly directed gas outlet openings, as the invention also provides, can lead to a targeted flow behavior of the solid inside the container depending on the wishes of the operator.

Eine weitere zweckmäßige Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht darin, dass im doppelwandigen Zentralrohr durch Trennwände Ringkammern ausgebildet sind, wobei jede Ringkammer mit wenigstens einer Gaszufuhrleitung versehen ist, wobei zwischen den Ringkammern die Feststoffeintragsöffnungen in das Innere des Zentralrohres vorgesehen sind und wobei der Durchmesser der Ringkammern gleich oder unterschiedlich ausgebildet sein kann. Dadurch, das einzelne Ringkammern mit individuellen Gaszuführungen vorgesehen sind, ist es beispielsweise möglich, über die Stirnseiten einer höher liegenden Ringkammer den Zufluss an Feststoff von außen nach innen durch die entsprechende Feststoffeintrittsöffnung zu verbessern.A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that in the double-walled central tube are formed by partitions annular chambers, each annular chamber is provided with at least one gas supply line, wherein between the annular chambers, the Feststoffeintragsöffnungen are provided in the interior of the central tube and wherein the diameter of the annular chambers equal or can be designed differently. By virtue of the fact that individual annular chambers are provided with individual gas feeds, it is possible, for example, to improve the inflow of solids from the outside to the inside through the corresponding solids inlet opening via the end faces of a higher annular chamber.

So ist es auch möglich, kaskadenartig in Schwerkraftrichtung von oben nach unten im Durchmesser kleiner werdende Ringkammern vorzusehen oder einen Wechsel aus Ringkammern mit kleinem und großem Durchmesser oder die Ringkammern selbst trichterförmig auszubilden mit beispielsweise dem kleineren Durchmesser in Schwerkraftrichtung unten liegend.Thus, it is also possible to provide cascade-like in the direction of gravity from top to bottom in diameter smaller annular chambers or a change of ring chambers with small and large diameter or even form the annular chambers funnel-shaped with, for example, the smaller diameter in the direction of gravity lying down.

Die Erfindung sieht auch eine Vielfachverteilung von Gasaustrittsöffnungen vor, etwa in den Behälterwänden, den Zentralrohrwänden, im der Schleuse zugeordneten Anschlussstutzen u. dgl. mehr, wobei insbesondere auch vorgesehen sein kann, dass die Austrittsöffnungen zur Bildung von vordefinierten Strömungen, z.B. Tangentialströmungen, mit entsprechenden gasstromleitenden Elementen ausgerüstet sind.The invention also provides a multiple distribution of gas outlet openings, such as in the container walls, the central tube walls, in the lock associated with connecting piece u. Like., In particular, it may also be provided that the outlet openings for the formation of predefined flows, e.g. Tangential currents are equipped with appropriate gas flow conducting elements.

Auch kann vorgesehen sein, dass oberhalb des Rohres zur Umlenkung des aufwärts gerichteten Feststoffstromes bei der Behälterbespannung und zur Verhinderung der Füllung des Rohres mit Feststoff beim Befüllvorgang eine Schutz-/Umlenkhaube vorgesehen ist.It can also be provided that a protective / deflecting hood is provided above the tube for deflecting the upwardly directed flow of solids during the container covering and for preventing the filling of the tube with solid during the filling process.

Mit einem Verfahren der eingangs bezeichneten Art wird die weiter oben definierte Aufgabe der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, dass innerhalb des Behälters auf Abstand in Schwerkraftrichtung oberhalb des Absperrorganges wenigstens ein vertikal ausgerichteter zentraler rohrförmiger Körper (Zentralrohr) vorgesehen ist, wobei die Befüllung des zunächst unter Umgebungsdruck stehenden Aufnahmebehälters mit Feststoff in den zwischen Behälterinnenwand und Zentralrohraußenwand gebildeten Ringraum vorgenommen wird und während des Füllvorganges im Bereich des Absperrorganes ein Gas eingespeist wird, wobei über eine Gaszufuhr-/-abfuhrregelung ein Druckausgleich im Behälter vorgenommen wird und nachfolgend der Behälter durch Gaszufuhr auf den höheren Systemdruck gebracht wird, der jenseits des Absperrorganes herrscht, wobei das Gas derart eingespeist wird, dass sich zunächst im Zentralrohr eine nach aufwärts gerichtete Feststoffströmung ausbildet.With a method of the type described above, the above-defined object of the invention is achieved in that within the container at a distance in the direction of gravity above the shut-off at least one vertically aligned central tubular body (central tube) is provided, the filling of the first under ambient pressure Receiving container is carried out with solid in the annular space formed between the container inner wall and Zentralrohraußenwand and during the filling process in the field of obturator, a gas is fed via a gas supply - / - discharge control pressure equalization in the container is carried out and subsequently the container by supplying gas to the higher system pressure is brought, which prevails beyond the obturator, wherein the gas is fed in such a way that initially in the central tube forms an upwardly directed flow of solids.

Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den das Verfahren betreffenden weiteren Unteransprüchen.Further embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the further subclaims concerning the method.

Die Erfindung ist nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung beispielsweise näher erläutert. Diese zeigt in

Fig. 1
eine Prinzipskizze eines Schleusenbehälters nach der Erfindung,
Fig. 2
in ähnlicher Darstellungsweise einen Prinzipschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Schleusenbehälter mit Zentralrohr,
Fig. 3
eine leicht vergrößerte Detailzeichnung eines Aus- schnittes des Zentralrohres sowie in
Fig. 4
einen vergrößerten schematischen Detailschnitt der Gaszufuhr im Anschlussstutzen zum Absperrorgan.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, for example. This shows in
Fig. 1
a schematic diagram of a lock container according to the invention,
Fig. 2
in a similar representation, a principle section through a lock container according to the invention with a central tube,
Fig. 3
a slightly enlarged detailed drawing of a section of the central tube and in
Fig. 4
an enlarged schematic detail section of the gas supply in the connection piece to the obturator.

Die allgemein mit 1 bezeichnete Vorrichtung ist in Fig. 1 im Wesentlichen schematisch dargestellt. Dabei besteht die Vorrichtung 1 im Wesentlichen aus einem Schleusenbehälter 1', in dessen Inneren ein Rohr - im Folgenden Zentralrohr 2 - vorgesehen ist. Dieser Behälter 1 ist mit einer Feststoffschüttung 3 versehen, wobei in Fig. 1 durch Pfeile ein Strömungsbild dargestellt ist, wie es sich bei der Bespannung, d.h. bei der Unterdrucksetzung, des Behälters mittels Druckluft, ergibt.The device generally designated 1 is in Fig. 1 shown substantially schematically. In this case, the device 1 consists essentially of a lock container 1 ', in the interior of which a pipe - in the following central tube 2 - is provided. This container 1 is provided with a solids bed 3, wherein in Fig. 1 by arrows, a flow pattern is shown, as it results in the covering, ie in the pressurization, the container by means of compressed air.

In den Fig. 1 und 2 sind mit durchgezogenen Pfeilen die Feststoffströme angedeutet, während die punktierten Pfeile die Gasströmung darstellen. Auf der rechten Seite der Abbildung ist noch ein Pfeil nach unten weisend wiedergegeben, der die Schwerkraftsrichtung "g" andeutet.In the Fig. 1 and 2 are indicated by solid arrows, the solids flows, while the dotted arrows represent the gas flow. On the right side of the figure, an arrow pointing downwards indicates the direction of gravity "g".

Im Beispiel der Fig. 1 sind in dem mit 19 bezeichneten Behälterboden Gaszufuhrvorrichtungen 7 vorgesehen sowie im Übergangsbereich zum Auslassstutzen 9, der zu einem Absperrorgan 18 führt, Gaszuführungen 16, wobei am Auslassstutzen 9 zusätzliche Gaszuführungen 17 vorgesehen sind, wobei mit letzteren Gasströme erzeugbar sind, die z.B. bei Befüllen des Behälters exzentrisch zum Zentralrohr 2 eine Feststoffströmung erzeugen können, die im Zentralrohr 2 nach oben gerichtet ist, wie dies durch Pfeile in Fig. 1 angedeutet ist. Um ein Eindringen von Feststoff beim Befüllvorgang von oben in das Zentralrohr zu vermeiden, kann oberhalb des Zentralrohres eine Umlenk- bzw. Schutzhaube vorgesehen sein, die in Fig. 1 mit 20 bezeichnet und dort schematisch angedeutet ist. Die Gaszuführung im Rohrstutzen 9 ist in Fig. 4 näher dargestellt.In the example of Fig. 1 are in the container bottom designated 19 Gas supply devices 7 are provided and in the transition region to the outlet 9, which leads to a shut-off valve 18, gas supplies 16, 9 additional gas feeds 17 are provided on the outlet 9, with the latter gas flows can be generated, for example, when filling the container eccentrically to the central tube 2 generate a flow of solids can, which is directed in the central tube 2 upwards, as indicated by arrows in Fig. 1 is indicated. In order to prevent the penetration of solids during the filling process from above into the central tube, a deflecting or protective hood can be provided above the central tube, which in Fig. 1 denoted by 20 and indicated there schematically. The gas supply in the pipe socket 9 is in Fig. 4 shown in more detail.

Mit 14 und 15 sind Ausgleichgasleitungen angedeutet, über die z.B. die im Behälter befindliche Luft beim Befüllen entweichen kann, so dass während dieses Vorganges der Druck im Behälter konstant bleibt.14 and 15 indicate equalizing gas lines through which e.g. The air in the container can escape during filling, so that during this process, the pressure in the container remains constant.

Im Darstellungsbeispiel der Fig. 2 ist das Zentralrohr 2 vereinfacht als Doppelwandrohr mit aus Segmenten bestehendes Rohr dargestellt, wobei die einzelnen mit 8 bezeichneten Rohrsegmente jeweils auf Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind, derart, dass sich Einströmöffnungen 5 für den Feststoff bzw. ein entsprechend geleitetes Fördergas beim Entleeren des Behälters ergibt. Diese Entleerungssituation ist in Fig. 2 wiedergegeben, wobei auch hier der Feststofffluss mit durchgezogenen kleinen Pfeilen angedeutet ist, während die Gasströmung mittels punktierter Pfeile wiedergegeben ist.In the illustration of the Fig. 2 the central tube 2 is shown simplified as a double-wall tube with tube consisting of segments, wherein the individual tube segments designated 8 are arranged at a distance from each other, such that inflow openings 5 for the solid or a correspondingly conveyed gas results during emptying of the container. This emptying situation is in Fig. 2 reproduced, wherein here the solid flow is indicated by solid arrows, while the gas flow is represented by dotted arrows.

Die Rohrsegmente 8 mit ihrem inneren Rohrmantel 11 weisen an ihrem äußeren Rohrmantel 10 Gasaustrittsöffnungen auf, die mit 12 bezeichnet sind.The tube segments 8 with their inner tube shell 11 have at their outer tube shell 10 gas outlet openings, which are designated by 12.

Im Beispiel der Fig. 2 sind Gaszufuhrvorrichtungen 7 nur im Trichterbereich des Behälters 1' vorgesehen, sondern auch im zylindrischen Randbereich. Diese Gaszufuhrvorrichtungen sind in Fig. 2 mit 6 bezeichnet. Über Zufuhrleitungen 4 können die Ringräume des Zentralrohres 2 zwischen äußerem Rohrmantel 10 und inneren Rohrmantel 11 mit Gas beaufschlagt werden, wobei vorgesehen sein kann, dass eine gemeinschaftliche Gaszufuhr vorgesehen ist (Fig. 2) oder aber auch pro Rohrsegment eine jeweils individuelle Gaszufuhr, wie dies in Fig. 3 angedeutet ist.In the example of Fig. 2 Gas supply devices 7 are provided only in the funnel region of the container 1 ', but also in the cylindrical edge region. These gas supply devices are in Fig. 2 denoted by 6. Via supply lines 4, the annular spaces of the central tube 2 between the outer tube shell 10 and the inner tube shell 11 can be acted upon with gas, it being possible to provide that a common gas supply is provided ( Fig. 2 ) or also per pipe segment a respective individual gas supply, as in Fig. 3 is indicated.

Die Wirkungsweise der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung bzw. der erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensweise ist die folgende:The mode of action of the device according to the invention or the procedure according to the invention is the following:

Über die Feststoffzufuhr 13 wird zunächst der Behälter 1' mit Feststoff derart befüllt, dass das oberhalb des Absperrorganes 18 in Relation zum trichterförmigen Boden des Behälters befindliche Zentralrohr nicht befüllt wird, wobei sich ein gewisser Teil an Feststoffen oberhalb des Absperrorganes anhäuft. Diese Situation ist in Fig. 1 dargestellt.About the solids supply 13, the container 1 'is first filled with solid so that the above the obturator 18 in relation to the funnel-shaped bottom of the container located central tube is not filled, with a certain amount of solids accumulates above the obturator. This situation is in Fig. 1 shown.

Wird nun der Behälter bespannt, wird Gas zeitgleich individuell gesteuert über die Segmente 8 des Zentralrohres 2 und über die an der Behälterwand und/oder am Behälterboden befindlichen Gaszufuhrvorrichtungen 6 und 7 sowie die Gaszuführungen 16 und 17 derart zugeführt, dass sich die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Feststoffaufwärtsströmung im Inneren des Zentralrohres ausbildet, wobei auch dafür Sorge getragen ist, dass über die Gaszufuhrleitungen 17 auch der Bereich unmittelbar vor dem Absperrorgan 18 aufgelockert bzw. verblasen wird. Dabei ist die vorteilhafte Betriebsweise derart, dass die Hauptgaszufuhr über diese Gaszufuhr 17 im Auslauf erfolgt. Damit ergibt sich eine erzwungene Feststoffzirkulation innerhalb des Behälters, womit vermieden wird, dass eine in ruhiger Schüttung auftretende Verfestigung des Materials erfolgt.If the container is then covered, gas is simultaneously controlled individually via the segments 8 of the central tube 2 and via the gas supply devices 6 and 7 located on the container wall and / or on the container bottom, and the gas supply lines 16 and 17 are supplied in such a way that the in Fig. 1 formed solid in the interior of the central tube, wherein care is taken to ensure that via the gas supply lines 17 and the area immediately before the obturator 18 is loosened or blown. In this case, the advantageous mode of operation is such that the main gas supply via this gas supply 17 takes place in the outlet. This results in a forced solid circulation within the container, which avoids is that occurs in a steady charge solidification of the material.

In Fig. 4 ist angedeutet, dass die Gaszufuhr 17 so gestaltet sein kann, dass über dort mit 20 bezeichnete Drallerzeugungselemente im mit 17' bezeichneten Gasaustritt in den Anchlussrohrstutzen 9 eine Drallströmung erzeugt wird, die für eine entsprechende Verwirbelung des Feststoffes sorgt. Diese Gaszufuhr 17/17' kann beispielsweise, wie in Fig. 4 angedeutet, als umlaufender Ringspalt gestaltet sein oder über den Umfang mit weiteren Austrittsöffungen versehen sein. Ein besonderer Vorteil dieser Gestaltung besteht darin, dass hier rezirkuliertes staubbeladenes Gas zur Strömungserzeugung eingesetzt werden kann.In Fig. 4 is indicated that the gas supply 17 may be designed so that there is a swirling flow is generated via there designated 20 swirl-generating elements in the gas outlet designated 17 'in the Anchlussrohrstutzen 9, which ensures a corresponding turbulence of the solid. This gas supply 17/17 'may, for example, as in Fig. 4 indicated, designed as a circumferential annular gap or be provided over the circumference with further outlet openings. A particular advantage of this design is that here recirculated dust-laden gas can be used to generate flow.

Wird nun der Behälter entleert, kann Gas derart zugeführt werden, dass die Wandreibung im und um das Entleerungsrohr herum und an den Behälterwänden verringert wird, so dass sich der lokal dort befindliche Feststoff auflockert. Das zugeführte Gas beschleunigt dabei die Übergabe des Feststoffes in ein nachfolendes Anlageteil. Durch die Gaszufuhr wird das durch den Feststoffaustausch freiwerdende Volumen im Behälter wieder aufgefüllt. Dabei kann überschüssiges Gas zugeführt werden, was von Bedeutung ist, um einen negativen Druckgradienten an der Auslassöffnung 9 zu vermeiden.Now, when the container is emptied, gas can be supplied in such a way that the wall friction in and around the emptying tube and around the container walls is reduced so that the locally localized solids loosen up. The supplied gas accelerates the transfer of the solid in a subsequent system part. By the gas supply, the volume released by the solid exchange volume is refilled in the container. In this case, excess gas can be supplied, which is important in order to avoid a negative pressure gradient at the outlet opening 9.

Dieser negative Druckgradient würde sich beispielsweise einstellen, wenn der Feststoff schneller ausläuft als das freiwerdende Volumen wieder mit Gas aufgefüllt wird, so dass in der Auslassöffnung Gas nach oben strömen könnte und gegen Pfeil "g", d.h. gegen die Feststoffabwärtsbewegung, was zu einer deutlichen Behinderung des Feststoffauslaufes führen würde. Durch den Gasüberschuss wird erfindungsgemäß die Austragsgeschwindigkeit erhöht.This negative pressure gradient would set, for example, if the solid expires faster than the volume released is filled with gas again, so that gas could flow upwards in the outlet and against arrow "g", ie against the solids moving down, resulting in a significant disability would lead to the solids outlet. Due to the excess gas, the discharge rate is increased according to the invention.

Da die einzelnen Segmente mit separaten Gasanschlüssen versehbar sind, besteht auch die Möglichkeit, die einzelnen Segmente 8 individuell zu beaufschlagen und damit den Feststoffstrom gezielt zu steuern. Die segmentweise Zugabe von Gas erlaubt daher eine bestmögliche Gasverteilung in der Feststoffschüttung, wodurch eine verbesserte Fluidisierung auch schwieriger Produkte während des Auslassvorganges erreichbar ist.Since the individual segments can be provided with separate gas connections, it is also possible to individually apply the individual segments 8 and thus to control the flow of solids in a targeted manner. The segment-wise addition of gas therefore allows the best possible gas distribution in the packed bed, whereby an improved fluidization of even difficult products during the discharge process can be achieved.

Natürlich ist das beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung noch in vielfacher Hinsicht abzuändern, ohne den Grundgedanken zu verlassen. So ist die Erfindung nicht darauf beschränkt, dass lediglich ein zentraler rohrförmiger Körper vorgesehen ist, die Querschnittsform dieses Körpers kann auch von der Rohrform abweichen, auch kann mehr als ein derartiger Körper parallel nebeneinander vorgesehen sein u. dgl. mehr.Of course, the described embodiment of the invention is still to be modified in many ways, without departing from the spirit. Thus, the invention is not limited to that only a central tubular body is provided, the cross-sectional shape of this body may also deviate from the tube shape, and more than one such body may be provided parallel to each other u. like. More.

Bezugszeichenliste: List of reference numbers :

11
Schleusenbehälterlock container
22
Zentralrohrcentral tube
33
FeststoffschüttungSolid bed
44
GaszufuhrleitungenGas supply lines
55
Seitliche FeststoffeinlauföffnungenLateral solids inlet openings
66
GaszufuhrvorrichtungGas supply means
77
GaszufuhrvorrichtungGas supply means
88th
Segmente/RingkammernSegments / ring chambers
99
Rohrstutzenpipe socket
1010
Äußerer RohrmantelOuter tube jacket
1111
Innerer RohrmantelInner tube jacket
1212
Gasaustrittgas outlet
1313
FeststoffzufuhrSolid feed
1414
Ausgleichsleitungcompensation line
1515
Ausgleichsleitungcompensation line
1616
Gaszufuhrgas supply
1717
Gaszufuhrgas supply
1818
Absperrorganshutoff
1919
Behälterbodencontainer bottom
2020
DrallerzeugungselementSwirl-producing element

Claims (15)

  1. Apparatus (1) for receiving and transferring fine-grain to coarse-grain solid materials from a container into a higher-pressure system by way of a shut-off member, wherein the container with the shut-off member (18) is part of the apparatus and is provided with devices for feed of the solid material and for feed of gases increasing the pressure in the container and with devices for pressure compensation upon filling and emptying, wherein the container bottom is in the form of a feed funnel in relation to the shut-off member,
    characterised in that
    provided within the container (1') at a spacing in the direction (g) of the force of gravity above the shut-off member (18) is at least one vertically oriented central tubular body (2) (central tube) which is open upwardly and downwardly and gas feed devices (4, 7) for acting on the container bottom (19) and/or the central tube (2) for producing a solid material flow in the central tube.
  2. Apparatus according to claim 1 characterised in that the central tube (2) is of a double-walled configuration and is acted upon by at least one gas feed line (4), wherein the tube wall (10) is provided with gas outlet openings (12).
  3. Apparatus according to claim 2 characterised in that the central tube (2) is provided with outwardly directed and/or inwardly directed gas outlet openings.
  4. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that the central tube (2) is provided with intake openings (5) for the solid material, distributed over its length.
  5. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that besides the funnel-shaped container bottom (19) further regions of the container and/or discharge tube connections (9) are provided with gas feed devices (6, 16, 17).
  6. Apparatus according to claim 2 characterised in that segments or annular chambers (8) are formed in the double-walled central tube (2) by partitioning walls, wherein each annular chamber is provided with at least one gas feed line (4), wherein the solid intake openings into the interior of the central tube are provided between the annular chambers (8) and wherein the diameter of the annular chambers (8) can be the same or different.
  7. Apparatus according to claim 6 characterised in that the walls of each annular chamber (8) are provided with gas outlet openings (12) in the peripheral and/or end region.
  8. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that at least a portion of the gas outlet openings in the container walls and/or in the central tube walls and/or in the outlet tube connection (9) have gas flow-guiding elements (20) to form predefined flows, for example tangential flows.
  9. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that the solid material feed is positioned eccentrically relative to the central tube in such a way that solid material is prevented from falling into the central tube during the filling operation.
  10. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that a protective/deflection hood (20) is provided above the central tube (2) for deflecting the upwardly directed solid material flow in the container pressurising operation and for preventing filling of the tube with solid material in the filling operation.
  11. A method of receiving and transferring fine-grain to coarse-grain solid materials from a container into a higher-pressure system by means of an apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the container is provided with devices for feed of the solid material and for feed of gases increasing the pressure in the container and devices for pressure compensation upon filling and emptying,
    characterised in that
    there is provided at least one vertically oriented central tubular body - central tube - within the container at a spacing in the direction of the force of gravity above a shut-off member, wherein filling of the receiving container which is initially at ambient pressure with solid material is effected into the annular space formed between the inside wall of the container and the outside wall of the central tube and a gas is possibly introduced during the filling operation in the region of the shut-off member, wherein pressure compensation is effected by way of a gas feed/discharge regulation and subsequently the container is brought by the gas feed to the higher system pressure prevailing on the other side of the shut-off member, wherein the gas is introduced in such a way that an upwardly directed solid material flow is produced in the central tube.
  12. A method according to claim 11 characterised in that in the transfer of the solid material into the higher-pressure system by a gas feed by way of gas feed openings in the container walls and/or in the double-walled central tube and/or in the bottom the solid material is loosened up and/or the solid material is conveyed in a direction towards the transfer discharge lock device.
  13. A method according to claim 11 or claim 12 characterised in that nitrogen, carbon dioxide, recirculated flue gas, air, synthesis gas or mixtures are used as the conveyor-pressure compensation-loosening gas, wherein the gases may also be dust-bearing.
  14. A method according to claim 11 or one of the following claims characterised in that a solid material flow for facilitating transfer of the solid material is established in the container by flow guide devices in the region of the gas outlet openings.
  15. A method according to claim 11 or one of the following claims characterised in that the amount of gas supplied is regulated in such a way that the pressure variation during the pressurising operation follows a defined time dependency which is preferably within the limit cases, namely supplied mass flow is constantly the same and the supplied operating volume flow is constantly the same (relative to the currently prevailing operating parameters in the discharge lock container).
EP09707814A 2008-02-09 2009-01-23 Method and device for receiving and handing over fine-grain to coarse-grain solids from a container to a higher pressure system Not-in-force EP2242707B1 (en)

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PL09707814T PL2242707T3 (en) 2008-02-09 2009-01-23 Method and device for receiving and handing over fine-grain to coarse-grain solids from a container to a higher pressure system

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DE102008008419A DE102008008419A1 (en) 2008-02-09 2008-02-09 Method and device for receiving and transferring fine to coarse-grained solids from a container into a system of higher pressure
PCT/EP2009/000403 WO2009097969A1 (en) 2008-02-09 2009-01-23 Method and device for receiving and handing over fine-grain to coarse-grain solids from a container to a higher pressure system

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EP2242707B1 true EP2242707B1 (en) 2011-07-06

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US (1) US20100322721A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2242707B1 (en)
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CN2841575Y (en) * 2005-05-27 2006-11-29 上海金申德粉体工程有限公司 Mixing bunker
US7621668B2 (en) * 2006-11-14 2009-11-24 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Methods and apparatus for handling or treating particulate material
US8235577B2 (en) * 2006-11-14 2012-08-07 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Methods and apparatus for coating particulate material
US8714874B2 (en) * 2009-06-23 2014-05-06 Bruce A. Tunget Apparatus and methods for forming and using subterranean salt cavern

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AU2009211886A1 (en) 2009-08-13
ATE515460T1 (en) 2011-07-15
RU2010137001A (en) 2012-03-20
WO2009097969A1 (en) 2009-08-13
CN101939235B (en) 2012-07-18
ZA201006409B (en) 2011-05-25
KR20100126290A (en) 2010-12-01
CN101939235A (en) 2011-01-05
EP2242707A1 (en) 2010-10-27
CA2714206A1 (en) 2009-08-13
CA2714206C (en) 2015-01-20
AU2009211886B2 (en) 2012-09-13
PL2242707T3 (en) 2011-12-30
DK2242707T3 (en) 2011-09-05
UA101646C2 (en) 2013-04-25
HK1150161A1 (en) 2011-11-04
RU2469939C2 (en) 2012-12-20
ES2367000T3 (en) 2011-10-27
US20100322721A1 (en) 2010-12-23
BRPI0908147A2 (en) 2015-08-11
TW200942478A (en) 2009-10-16
DE102008008419A1 (en) 2009-09-10

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