EP2231946A2 - Structure porteuse beton-bois. - Google Patents
Structure porteuse beton-bois.Info
- Publication number
- EP2231946A2 EP2231946A2 EP08856700A EP08856700A EP2231946A2 EP 2231946 A2 EP2231946 A2 EP 2231946A2 EP 08856700 A EP08856700 A EP 08856700A EP 08856700 A EP08856700 A EP 08856700A EP 2231946 A2 EP2231946 A2 EP 2231946A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- beams
- concrete
- face
- structure according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006253 high performance fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006335 epoxy glue Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006332 epoxy adhesive Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011374 ultra-high-performance concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
- E04B5/12—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with wooden beams
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
Definitions
- the subject of the present invention is a timber-concrete supporting structure, a floor element using this supporting structure, a bridge element using this supporting structure and also a method of manufacturing said structure.
- Supporting structures consisting of a concrete slab on one side of which are fixed two longitudinal wooden beams are in themselves well known. These known structures differ from each other essentially by the method of fixing the concrete plate on the wooden beams.
- known fastening techniques mention may be made of the use of tubes or rods which pass through both the concrete slab and the wooden beams, similar structures but in which the tubes are replaced by rods or rods, expanded metal strip members, i.e., cut and drawn pieces which are glued in a slot of each wooden beam and which are embedded in the concrete plate of the connecting structures which consist of perforated metal plates and which are fixed in the beams and which have asperities to serve for their anchoring in the concrete slab.
- a first object of the invention is to provide a wood-concrete structure which is of a lower manufacturing cost and especially which has an improved wood-concrete connection.
- a concrete-wood load-bearing structure comprises: at least one substantially constant thickness concrete slab having a length and two main faces, made of high performance fiber concrete;
- At least two wooden beams each having a fixing face and extending substantially parallel along substantially the entire length of the plate;
- each beam to said plate, said means consisting of an adhesive layer interposed between the second face of said plate and the fixing face of the corresponding beam.
- connection between the concrete slab and the wooden beams is made by gluing.
- this method of connection between the concrete slab and the wooden beams provides a connection between these elements which has a particularly shear strength much higher than the solutions mentioned above.
- the bonding operation is much less expensive than the development, manufacture and implementation of the mechanical connection elements described above.
- the carrier structure could comprise more than two substantially parallel beams. In this case, preferably, two of these beams are fixed near the longitudinal edges of the concrete plate.
- each beam is made of laminated GL28 class. Other beams could of course be used.
- the high-performance fiber concrete used has a compressive strength of at least 150 MPa.
- spacers are fixed between the ends facing the beams.
- a second object of the invention is to provide a floor element using the concrete-wood structure defined above.
- the floor element is characterized in that it comprises a supporting structure of the type defined above, a layer of sound insulating material fixed on the first face of the concrete slab and a covering fixed on the said soundproofing layer. .
- This provides a modular floor element, these floor elements can be easily connected together to form the entire floor through the presence of beams.
- a floor element is particularly well suited to the realization of floor for residential building.
- the floor element may comprise a bearing structure of the type mentioned above and a wooden plate glued to the face of the beams opposite to their attachment face. In this case preferably, the volume limited by the beams, the concrete plate and the wood plate is substantially filled with a sound insulating material.
- This floor element is particularly well suited to the realization of office building.
- a third object of the invention is to provide a bridge element using the concrete-wood carrier structure defined above.
- the bridge element is characterized in that it comprises a concrete-wood support structure of the type defined above and in that the concrete slab has a thickness of at least 60 mm and in that the beams have a height at least equal to 400 mm, the distance between the two beams being of the order of 500 to 700 mm.
- a fourth object of the invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a carrier structure of the type mentioned above.
- the first face of said plate is sanded in order to update the porous zone of said plate;
- two wooden beams of desired dimensions are provided, each having a fixing face;
- Epoxy glue said beam attachment faces and the portions of the second face of the plate on which said beams are to be fixed;
- concrete containing reinforcing fibers is poured into formwork of suitable shape and the fiber concrete slab thus obtained is aged for at least 25 days.
- FIG. 1A shows in front view a wood-concrete support structure according to the invention
- FIG. 1B is a side view of this same structure
- FIG. 1C is a view from below of the structure represented in FIG. 1A;
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the concrete-wood bearing structure shown in Figures IA to IC;
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are views in perspective and from below of an alternative embodiment of the carrier structure with three beams;
- FIG. 3 is a diagram which shows the deflection of the support structure as a function of the force applied for a structure according to the invention and concrete-wood structures made in particular by tube connection or by expanded metal bonding;
- FIG. 4 is a front view of a supporting structure adapted to the realization of a floor element
- - Figure 5 is a view similar to that of Figure 4 showing an alternative embodiment of floor elements
- FIG. 6A is a front view of a carrying structure adapted to the production of a bridge element
- Figure 6B is a reduced scale side view of the bridge member. Referring firstly to FIGS. 1A-1C and 2, an embodiment of a concrete-wood load-bearing structure will be described.
- the concrete-wood carrying structure 10 is constituted by a concrete slab 12 and by two wooden beams 14 and 16.
- the concrete slab 12 is made of a high-performance fiber concrete (UHPC), it is a fiber concrete, that is to say dosed with a certain content of metal fibers, obtained by molding in a formwork. Typically, the dosage is 1.5% and the metal fibers have a length of 14 mm.
- the theoretical elastic modulus of this concrete is 45 GP.
- the wooden beams they are preferably made of glulam class GL28, that is to say having flexural characteristics of 28 MPa.
- the concrete plate 12 has a first upper face 12a and a lower face 12b.
- the beams 14 and 16 respectively have upper fixing faces 16a and 14a.
- the dimensions of the various constituent elements are marked by the following references with regard to the concrete slab 12, its width is I, its thickness w and its length L.
- the wooden beams 14 and 16 their thickness is w ", their width I" and their length is substantially equal to that of the concrete plate, that is to say L.
- the beams could have a length greater than that of the concrete slab.
- the beams 14 and 16 are fixed on each side of the lower face 12b of the BFUP concrete plate referenced 12 by gluing.
- the adhesive layers 18 and 20 whose thickness is obviously excessive.
- the tests carried out by the inventors have shown that an epoxy glue was particularly suitable for bonding wooden beams to BFUP concrete.
- This epoxy glue can be in particular that marketed under the brand Sikadur 30 benefiting from the NF standard. Of course, other types of glue could be used.
- the method for producing the concrete-wood carrying structure and in particular the bonding step will be described in more detail.
- the support member may further comprise at each end 14b, 14c and 16b, 16c beams 14 and 16, a spacer such as 21 disposed near the ends of these beams and therefore extending perpendicularly to the concrete plate 12.
- the beams 14 and 16 are parallel to each other and fixed on the periphery of the plate. concrete 12 according to the direction of its length.
- the spacers 21 may advantageously be fixed using bolted tie rods such as 22 and 24 also passing through the ends of the beams. The presence of these end spacers 21 avoids the risk of spill beams 14 and 16 bonded to the plate 12 under the effect of the stresses applied to the structure. Tests were carried out on a copy of the carrier structure having a length L of 1 m. The thickness of the concrete plate 12 is 5 cm and the height of the wooden beams is 13.5 cm.
- FIG. 3 shows the result of the 3-point bending tests carried out on the sample which has just been defined (curve A) on a bearing structure of the same dimension made with connection means consisting of a deployed metal (curve B). and a sample having the same dimensions in which the connection between the beams and the concrete slab is obtained using tubes (curve C).
- a prototype carrier structure according to Figures IA to IC was made with a BFUP concrete plate having a content of 2.5% metal fibers and wooden beams 14 and 16 made of glue-laminated type GL28.
- the length L of the structure is 3.20 m, its height is 230 mm, the width I 'of the beam is 80 mm.
- the concrete slab 12 has a thickness w of 40 mm and the width I of the concrete slab is 500 mm.
- the supporting structure 25 comprises a plate 25 'of high-performance fiber concrete of the same type as that which has already been described and three wooden beams 26, 27 and 28 of the same type as those described above. These beams 26, 27 and 28 are fixed on the face 25'b of the plate 25 'by gluing as already described. They extend parallel to the length of the concrete plate 25 '.
- the beams 26 and 28 may coincide with the longitudinal edges 25'b and 25'c of the plate 25 'or be slightly recessed as shown in Figures 2A and 2B.
- the central beam 27 may have the same section as the side beams 26 and 28 or a different section.
- the beams may have the same length as the plate 25 'or a slightly shorter length, the length of the central beam 27 may be different from that of the side beams. It is also possible, as shown in Figures 2A and 2B that the ends 26c, 27c and 28d of the beams are slightly recessed relative to the end 25'd of the plate.
- the supporting structure may also include spacers 29 and 29 "between the ends of the beams 26, 27 and 28.
- the concrete plate which bears the reference 32 conforms to that which has been described previously.
- the two longitudinal beams 34 and 36 are glued on the lower face 32a of the concrete plate by adhesive layers 38 and 40, as previously described.
- the upper face 32b of the plate concrete 32 is covered with a layer of sound insulation material 42 itself covered with a coating having aesthetic qualities 44.
- This provides an effective floor structure 13.
- the floor element can have a span of 7.5 m, the thickness of the concrete plate 30 mm and the spacing between the beams 500 mm.
- the beams have a height of 200 mm and a width of 90 mm.
- the mass of a floor element thus obtained is 773 kg, ie a mass of 103 kg / m 2 of floor, which is much lower than what is usually encountered for equivalent floor elements.
- FIG 5 there is shown a second embodiment of floor element 50 better suited to the realization of office or industrial premises.
- the floor element 50 comprises a BFUP concrete plate 52 and two wooden beams, preferably of the GL28, 54 and 56 type.
- the element further comprises a lower plate 58, preferably of wood also, the edges of which are fixed, preferably by gluing, on the lower faces 54b and 56b of the beams 54 and 56.
- the volume V limited by the plates 52 and 58 and the beams 54 and 56 is filled with a sound insulating material.
- this structure is a "cushion", which strengthens the mechanical strength.
- a bridge element 70 is shown.
- This bridge element has the same architecture as the support structure. It comprises a concrete plate 72 (UHPC) and two longitudinal beams 74 and 76. These beams are preferably of the GL28 type. The bond is made by gluing.
- the concrete plate 72 has a thickness w of 70 mm and a width
- Each beam 74, 76 has a height w "of 650 mm It is the dimensions of the different parts of the structure which are adapted to the construction of a bridge This bridge element makes it possible to meet the maximum deflection criterion under the loads operating.
- the BFUP concrete slab is first made according to the standard technique, that is to say by molding in a formwork using 1.5% or 2.5% of metal fibers, for example 14 mm in length.
- the plate After demolding, the plate is allowed to "age" for at least 25 days, preferably 28 days, which makes it possible to obtain a concrete with an average flexural strength of 120 MPa.
- the face of the concrete slab on which the beams will be glued is sanded to expose the part of the plate having good porosity. This step makes it possible to very significantly improve the mechanical properties of the bonding.
- a film of adhesive preferably an epoxy adhesive and preferably an adhesive of the Sikadur mark 30.
- This technique makes it possible to obtain a shear strength of 4.7 MPa in the fixing zones.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0759320A FR2924137B1 (fr) | 2007-11-26 | 2007-11-26 | Structure porteuse beton-bois |
PCT/FR2008/052120 WO2009071832A2 (fr) | 2007-11-26 | 2008-11-25 | Structure porteuse beton-bois. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2231946A2 true EP2231946A2 (fr) | 2010-09-29 |
EP2231946B1 EP2231946B1 (fr) | 2012-07-04 |
Family
ID=39538307
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08856700A Active EP2231946B1 (fr) | 2007-11-26 | 2008-11-25 | Structure porteuse beton-bois. |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2231946B1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2924137B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2009071832A2 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2019012222A1 (fr) | 2017-07-11 | 2019-01-17 | Cruard Charpente Et Construction Bois | Elements de structure en bois et beton et procede de fabrication |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2553486A (en) * | 2016-06-09 | 2018-03-14 | Shire Consulting Ltd | Lightweight floor system |
FR3070407B1 (fr) * | 2017-08-23 | 2021-01-08 | Tecsan | Structure porteuse a base de poutres de fort elancement et procede de montage associe |
CN113323429A (zh) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-08-31 | 上海交通大学 | 一种全预制装配式加固混凝土结构的装置及方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19729058A1 (de) * | 1997-07-08 | 1999-01-14 | Sika Ag | Verbundelement und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
DE19828607A1 (de) * | 1998-06-26 | 1999-12-30 | Richard Laumer Gmbh & Co Baute | Verfahren zum Verstärken von Stahl- und Spannbetonbauteilen |
DE29923879U1 (de) * | 1999-08-12 | 2001-06-07 | Universität Leipzig, 04109 Leipzig | Verbunddecke |
FR2844536B1 (fr) * | 2002-09-16 | 2005-07-01 | Georges Deperraz | Liaison interface entre beton et bois ou metal |
WO2007079739A2 (fr) * | 2006-01-13 | 2007-07-19 | Bathon, Leander | Ouvrage constitué de parties individuelles |
WO2007091899A1 (fr) * | 2006-02-10 | 2007-08-16 | Combino As | Elements / dalles bases sur des elements en bois massif renforces par du beton |
-
2007
- 2007-11-26 FR FR0759320A patent/FR2924137B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-11-25 WO PCT/FR2008/052120 patent/WO2009071832A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2008-11-25 EP EP08856700A patent/EP2231946B1/fr active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2009071832A3 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2019012222A1 (fr) | 2017-07-11 | 2019-01-17 | Cruard Charpente Et Construction Bois | Elements de structure en bois et beton et procede de fabrication |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2009071832A2 (fr) | 2009-06-11 |
WO2009071832A3 (fr) | 2009-08-20 |
EP2231946B1 (fr) | 2012-07-04 |
FR2924137A1 (fr) | 2009-05-29 |
FR2924137B1 (fr) | 2010-01-22 |
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