EP2212525B1 - Valve rotating device for exhaust valves of internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Valve rotating device for exhaust valves of internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2212525B1
EP2212525B1 EP09730235A EP09730235A EP2212525B1 EP 2212525 B1 EP2212525 B1 EP 2212525B1 EP 09730235 A EP09730235 A EP 09730235A EP 09730235 A EP09730235 A EP 09730235A EP 2212525 B1 EP2212525 B1 EP 2212525B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
helical toothing
toothing
spindle
rotation
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Not-in-force
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EP09730235A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2212525A1 (en
Inventor
Holger Fellmann
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Maerkisches Werk GmbH
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Maerkisches Werk GmbH
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Publication of EP2212525A1 publication Critical patent/EP2212525A1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/32Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for rotating lift valves, e.g. to diminish wear

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a valve rotating device for exhaust valves of internal combustion engines according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such a valve rotation device is in EP 0892154 A1 described.
  • a freewheeling device is a wrap spring, which allows a rotation of the valve on the outer teeth only in a certain direction of displacement of the valve.
  • Another known device in particular for use in large engines, has a hydraulic cylinder as the upper drive element and a compressed air cylinder as the lower drive element.
  • a support cylinder is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder, while a rotary cylinder is connected via a freewheel device with the compressed air cylinder.
  • Rotary cylinder and support cylinder are connected via a helical toothing with each other.
  • the support cylinder in this case has a continuous over its entire length internal helical gearing, which corresponds in the axial direction at least the length of the opening stroke of the valve stem plus the minimum length of engagement of the helical gearing.
  • the rotary cylinder has an outer helical toothing which is shorter in the axial direction approximately by the length of the opening stroke than the inner helical toothing of the support cylinder.
  • a known rotary device suitable for four-cylinder engines (US Pat. EP 0768450 B1 ) has a support cylinder with helical inner guide elements for the entire valve lift and a rotary cylinder with short outer guide elements.
  • the present invention has the object to significantly reduce the volume of construction in the radial and axial direction on a valve rotator of the type mentioned, to reduce the manufacturing cost and to ensure a more universal use of the device, both in large engines and in four-stroke engines.
  • This design according to the invention allows for low Vernierungsaufwand a particularly small and therefore lightweight construction because of the clever arrangement of the thrust ball bearing for removing the axial Vernierungs app and because of the integration of the inner ring with the freewheel device.
  • valve stem itself comes as an element for the external helical teeth in question and the inner ring on the one hand a short internal toothing for the rotating device, on the other hand carries the ratchet teeth of the freewheel device, the valve rotating device can be realized with a particularly small number of components.
  • the length of the outer helical toothing corresponds in its axial extent at least the length of the opening stroke of the valve plus the minimum length of engagement of the helical toothing. In contrast, sufficient for the internal helical gearing in the axial direction a much shorter toothing section.
  • the outer helical gearing can be formed on a hollow cylindrical sleeve, which is fastened by shrinking with its inner circumference on a corresponding seat of the valve stem.
  • the external helical gearing can also be formed directly on the valve stem, so that a hollow cylindrical sleeve can be avoided as a separate component.
  • the inner ring is mounted on its outer periphery on an axial ball bearing within a recess of a housing cover of the valve housing and has on its outer periphery a ratchet toothing, which cooperates with ratchet elements of the freewheel device.
  • the freewheel device advantageously comprises an annular disc, in the inner circumference of the ratchet elements are each mounted spring-loaded, wherein the Ring disc is fixed to the axial ball bearing inside the housing cover.
  • FIG. 1 shows an axial section through a portion of a valve housing of a two-stroke diesel engine for a marine propulsion in the region of the upper end of the valve stem 1 in its closed position.
  • a housing cover 4 is placed on a valve housing 2.
  • the valve stem 3 is mounted in a slide bearing (not shown) in the valve housing.
  • a compressed air cylinder 5 is provided, in which an air piston 18 is guided.
  • the valve stem 3 is rotationally fixed in a central bore of the pneumatic piston 18 by means of a clamping member in the form of a conical sleeve 48 and axially positively received via an inwardly projecting bead 55 of the conical sleeve 48.
  • the bead 55 engages in an annular groove of the valve stem 3 of the valve stem 1.
  • the conical sleeve 48 is axially secured by means of a locking ring 44 via its screw connection to the pneumatic piston 18.
  • valve stem end 24 has a hollow cylindrical sleeve 23 pressed thereon.
  • the lower cylindrical end 12 sits gap-free on an annular stop surface 46, which is formed by a frontal recess of the valve stem 3, on.
  • the upper end of the sleeve 23 is closed except for a mounting hole 47. Its front side 49 is in the closed position of the valve spindle 1 shown against one in the hydraulic piston 21 of the hydraulic cylinder 6 recorded pressure plate 70, which cooperates via a coil spring 54 with a control sleeve 52.
  • the control sleeve 52 is under the pressure of the hydraulic oil from the oil pressure line 22. During the opening stroke of the valve stem 1, this is promoted by acting on the hydraulic piston 21 together with the pneumatic piston 18 down until the oil pressure in the cylinder chamber 26 corresponds to the pressure in the air cylinder 5.
  • the closing of the valve stem 1 then worried the compressed air in the cylinder chamber 25 of the air cylinder 5, wherein the compressed air piston 18 is moved together with the valve stem 1 back up until they are in FIG. 1 reached uppermost position reached.
  • One in the Figures 2 and 3 described freewheeling device cooperates with a ratchet toothing 57 on the outer circumference of an inner ring 13 which has an inner helical toothing 14 on its inner circumference.
  • the internal helical gearing 14 cooperates with an external helical gearing 16 on the outer circumference of the sleeve 23.
  • the freewheel device is set up such that it transmits a rotation of the valve spindle 1 either during its closing movement or its opening movement and releases the rotation of the inner ring 13 in the respective opposite direction.
  • the closing movement of the valve stem ie according to FIG. 1 upward
  • Both cases differ structurally only in the choice of the locking direction of the ratchet teeth 57 against the ratchet elements 41 acting thereon, which are mounted in a housing-fixed annular disc 38 of the freewheel device.
  • the lubricating oil supply of the helical gearing and the freewheel device is ensured by a system of lubricating oil bores 34, 53 in the housing cover 4.
  • the effluent lubricating oil passes through an annular space 27 between the housing cover 4 and the air pressure cylinder 5 through an outlet bore 28 in the cylinder wall of the valve housing cover 4 to the outside.
  • FIG. 2 shows as enlarged section FIG. 1 the lower end of the sleeve 23, which rests on the annular surface 46 of the valve stem 1.
  • the sleeve 23 On its outer circumferential surface, the sleeve 23 has an outer helical toothing 16 which cooperates with the inner helical toothing 14 of the inner ring 13.
  • the inner ring 13 has a central recess 56, which ensures that the lubricating oil can freely supply the toothed portion of the helical toothing.
  • the inner ring 13 has on its outer circumference a ratchet teeth 57, the teeth of which cooperate with ratchet elements 41, the eight distributed over the circumference are mounted in an annular disc 38 of the freewheel device (see. Fig. 3 ).
  • Each ratchet element 41 is held with its pawl by a loaded with a ratchet spring 42 plunger 43 in the locked position.
  • This locking position prevents rotation of the inner ring 13 relative to the annular disc 38 in a rotational direction according to arrow P1, with the result that the valve spindle is rotated in accordance with the helical toothing of the opposite direction according to arrow P2.
  • valve seat This rotation causes the moment the valve seat is reached Grinding the seat portion of the valve disk against the housing-side valve seat, wherein the seats grind each other in the desired manner.
  • the valve seat surfaces forming the valve seat are thereby smoothed, so that a valve seat with a large surface support is achieved.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 show a modified embodiment of a valve housing 2 with housing cover. 4
  • the upper drive element instead of a hydraulic cylinder by a not shown valve cam for controlling the opening stroke of the valve stem 1
  • the lower drive element instead of an air pressure cylinder formed by a spring element of helical valve springs 58, which between the top of the valve housing 2 and the underside of the upper end of the Valve stem 3 attached support ring 59 are inserted under pressure bias.
  • a ball bearing 60 is arranged between the support ring 59 and an end disk 61 of the valve springs 58.
  • the lower portion of the housing cover 4 is in FIG. 5 shown enlarged.
  • the outer helical teeth 16 is formed directly on the valve stem 3, for example by a machining process.
  • the inner ring 13 with the internal helical toothing 14 is seated on an axial ball bearing 62, which on the other hand is supported relative to a guide bush 63 of the valve housing 2.
  • the ratchet elements 41 of the freewheel device sit in corresponding recesses of the housing cover 4, as in FIG. 6 shown.
  • the inner ring 13 carries on its outer circumference, the ratchet teeth 57, on its inner circumference, the inner helical toothing 14.
  • the outer helical toothing 16 is cut directly on the shaft 3 of the valve stem.
  • FIGS. 7 to 9 a further embodiment is shown, which according to those FIGS. 4 to 6 is very similar.
  • the thrust ball bearing 62 is seated over the freewheel device for supporting the inner ring 13 and is supported on the upper end face 64 of the guide bushing 63.
  • the corresponding reference numerals designate the same objects as for the embodiment of the FIGS. 4 to 6 ,
  • FIG. 9 freewheel device shown corresponds to the view according to section plane IX-IX of FIG. 8 , ie the directions of rotation for locks (arrow P1) and ratcheting (arrow P2) run in opposite directions.
  • FIG. 9 is also the in FIG. 7 illustrated sectional profile according to the angled sectional plane VII-VII shown. Similar angled cutting planes also show the FIGS. 1 and 4 ; only after FIG. 10 the cutting plane is unbroken, like a comparison of the Figures 11 and 12 is removable.
  • the embodiment according to the FIGS. 10 to 12 differs from the two embodiments according to the FIGS. 4 to 9 , which also show each actuated with cams and valve springs valve controls for four-stroke diesel engines, essentially in that the freewheel device is accommodated at the upper end of the housing cover 4.
  • the axial ball bearing 62 is arranged above the freewheel device. The support of the axial ball bearing 62 takes place - deviating from the two above-described four-stroke variants, however, with respect to the housing cover 4.
  • comparable components with all other variants are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • FIG. 11 shows the peculiarity that the seat ring 59 is extended by a toothed sleeve 64 down.
  • the toothed sleeve 64 carries on its outer periphery the outer helical toothing 16; the torque is transmitted from the sleeve 64 to the valve stem 3 via the conical sleeve 48.
  • a cylindrical sleeve 65 mounted, which ends at the top with an inner flange 66 so as to fix the thrust ball bearing 62 and which below has an outer flange 67 for a screw connection to the housing cover 4.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Mechanically-Actuated Valves (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a valve rotating device for exhaust valves of internal combustion engines, in particular marine diesel engines. According to the invention, said device is arranged on a valve housing for the valve spindle (1), in the vicinity of a first drive element for opening the valve and a second drive element for closing the valve. Said device comprises a neutral device that rotates the valve spindle (1) during the closing movement or the opening movement thereof and releases the rotation in the counter direction. In order to transmit the rotational movement, the valve spindle (1) comprises an outer helical toothing (16) on the valve stem (3) and the associated inner helical toothing (14) on an inner ring (13) is supported by means of the neutral device. The outer helical toothing (16) corresponds, in the axial direction, at least to the length of the opening lift of the valve spindle (1) and the minimum engagement length of the helical toothing. The inner ring (13) is mounted on the axial ball-bearing (62) in a recess of a housing cover (4) of the valve housing (2) and comprises, on the outer periphery thereof, a ratchet toothing that interacts with the ratchet elements of the neutral device.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Ventildrehvorrichtung für Auslassventile von Verbrennungsmotoren gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1.The invention relates to a valve rotating device for exhaust valves of internal combustion engines according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Eine derartige Ventildrehvorrichtung ist in EP 0892154 A1 beschrieben. Als Freilaufeinrichtung dient eine Schlingfeder, welche eine Verdrehung des Ventils über die Außenverzahnung nur in einer bestimmten Verschieberichtung des Ventils zulässt.Such a valve rotation device is in EP 0892154 A1 described. As a freewheeling device is a wrap spring, which allows a rotation of the valve on the outer teeth only in a certain direction of displacement of the valve.

Eine andere bekannte Vorrichtung ( DE 10 2004 020 754 A1 ), insbesondere für den Einsatz bei Großmotoren, besitzt einen Hydraulikzylinder als oberes Antriebselement und einen Druckluftzylinder als unteres Antriebselement. Ein Stützzylinder ist fest mit dem Hydraulikzylinder verbunden, während ein Drehzylinder über eine Freilaufeinrichtung mit dem Druckluftzylinder verbunden ist. Drehzylinder und Stützzylinder stehen über eine Schrägverzahnung miteinander im Eingriff. Während der Schließbewegung des Ventils überträgt die Freilaufeinrichtung die Drehbewegung des Drehzylinders auf die Ventilspindel, bis deren Sitz drehend gegen ein feststehendes Sitzelement im Ventilgehäuse auffährt. Infolge der Drehbewegung der Ventilspindel kommt es zu einem erwünschten gegenseitigen Einschleifen des Sitzbereichs auf dem Ventilteller mit dem gehäuseseitigen Sitzelement.Another known device ( DE 10 2004 020 754 A1 ), in particular for use in large engines, has a hydraulic cylinder as the upper drive element and a compressed air cylinder as the lower drive element. A support cylinder is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder, while a rotary cylinder is connected via a freewheel device with the compressed air cylinder. Rotary cylinder and support cylinder are connected via a helical toothing with each other. During the closing movement of the valve, the freewheel device transmits the rotational movement of the rotary cylinder to the valve spindle until its seat rotates against a stationary seat element in the valve housing. As a result of the rotational movement of the valve spindle, there is a desired mutual grinding of the seat portion on the valve plate with the housing-side seat element.

Der Stützzylinder weist hierbei eine über seine gesamte Länge durchgehende Innenschrägverzahnung auf, welche in axialer Richtung wenigstens der Länge des Öffnungshubs der Ventilspindel zuzüglich der Mindesteingriffslänge der Schrägverzahnung entspricht. Der Drehzylinder besitzt eine Außenschrägverzahnung, welche in axialer Richtung etwa um die Länge des Öffnungshubs kürzer ist als die Innenschrägverzahnung des Stützzylinders.The support cylinder in this case has a continuous over its entire length internal helical gearing, which corresponds in the axial direction at least the length of the opening stroke of the valve stem plus the minimum length of engagement of the helical gearing. The rotary cylinder has an outer helical toothing which is shorter in the axial direction approximately by the length of the opening stroke than the inner helical toothing of the support cylinder.

Eine für Vierzylindermotoren geeignete bekannte Drehvorrichtung ( EP 0768450 B1 ) besitzt einen Stützzylinder mit schraubenförmigen inneren Führungselementen für den gesamten Ventilhub und einen Drehzylinder mit kurzen äußeren Führungselementen.A known rotary device suitable for four-cylinder engines (US Pat. EP 0768450 B1 ) has a support cylinder with helical inner guide elements for the entire valve lift and a rotary cylinder with short outer guide elements.

Dem gegenüber liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, an einer Ventildrehvorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art das Bauvolumen in radialer und axialer Richtung deutlich zu verringern, den Herstellungsaufwand zu reduzieren und einen universelleren Einsatz der Vorrichtung, sowohl bei Großmotoren als auch bei Viertaktmotoren zu gewährleisten.On the other hand, the present invention has the object to significantly reduce the volume of construction in the radial and axial direction on a valve rotator of the type mentioned, to reduce the manufacturing cost and to ensure a more universal use of the device, both in large engines and in four-stroke engines.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe gemäß dem Kennzeichen von Anspruch 1 gelöst.According to the invention this object is achieved according to the characterizing part of claim 1.

Diese erfindungsgemäße Konstruktion ermöglicht bei geringem Verzahnungsaufwand eine besonders kleine und damit leichte Bauweise wegen der geschickten Anordnung des Axialkugellagers zum Abtragen der axialen Verzahnungskräfte und wegen der Integration des Innenrings mit der Freilaufeinrichtung.This design according to the invention allows for low Verzahnungsaufwand a particularly small and therefore lightweight construction because of the clever arrangement of the thrust ball bearing for removing the axial Verzahnungskräfte and because of the integration of the inner ring with the freewheel device.

Dadurch, dass erfindungsgemäß der Ventilschaft selbst als Element für die Außenschrägverzahnung in Frage kommt und der Innenring einerseits eine kurze Innenverzahnung für die Drehvorrichtung, andererseits die Ratschenverzahnung der Freilaufeinrichtung trägt, kann die Ventildrehvorrichtung mit einer besonders geringeren Zahl von Bauelementen verwirklicht werden.Characterized in that according to the invention the valve stem itself comes as an element for the external helical teeth in question and the inner ring on the one hand a short internal toothing for the rotating device, on the other hand carries the ratchet teeth of the freewheel device, the valve rotating device can be realized with a particularly small number of components.

Die Länge der Außenschrägverzahnung entspricht dabei in ihrer axialen Erstreckung wenigstens der Länge des Öffnungshubs des Ventils zuzüglich der Mindesteingriffslänge der Schrägverzahnung. Dem gegenüber genügt für die Innenschrägverzahnung ein in axialer Richtung wesentlich kürzerer Verzahnungsabschnitt.The length of the outer helical toothing corresponds in its axial extent at least the length of the opening stroke of the valve plus the minimum length of engagement of the helical toothing. In contrast, sufficient for the internal helical gearing in the axial direction a much shorter toothing section.

Die Außenschrägverzahnung kann dabei auf einer hohlzylindrischen Hülse ausgebildet sein, welche durch Aufschrumpfen mit ihrem Innenumfang auf einem entsprechenden Sitz des Ventilschafts befestigt ist. Alternativ kann die Außenschrägverzahnung auch direkt an den Ventilschaft angeformt sein, so dass eine hohlzylindrische Hülse als gesondertes Bauteil vermieden werden kann.The outer helical gearing can be formed on a hollow cylindrical sleeve, which is fastened by shrinking with its inner circumference on a corresponding seat of the valve stem. Alternatively, the external helical gearing can also be formed directly on the valve stem, so that a hollow cylindrical sleeve can be avoided as a separate component.

Vorteilhaft ist der Innenring an seinem Außenumfang auf einem Axialkugellager innerhalb einer Ausdrehung eines Gehäusedeckels des Ventilgehäuses gelagert und weist an seinem Außenumfang eine Ratschenverzahnung auf, die mit Ratschenelementen der Freilaufeinrichtung zusammenwirkt.Advantageously, the inner ring is mounted on its outer periphery on an axial ball bearing within a recess of a housing cover of the valve housing and has on its outer periphery a ratchet toothing, which cooperates with ratchet elements of the freewheel device.

Die Freilaufeinrichtung umfasst vorteilhaft eine Ringscheibe, in deren Innenumfang die Ratschenelemente jeweils federbelastet gelagert sind, wobei die Ringscheibe mit dem Axialkugellager innerhalb am Gehäusedeckel befestigt ist.The freewheel device advantageously comprises an annular disc, in the inner circumference of the ratchet elements are each mounted spring-loaded, wherein the Ring disc is fixed to the axial ball bearing inside the housing cover.

Im folgenden werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung erläutert; es zeigt

Fig. 1
einen teilweisen Axialschnitt durch ein Ventilgehäuse für einen Zweitaktdieselmotor mit Ventildreh- vorrichtung,
Fig. 2
einen Abschnitt von Fig. 1 in ver- größerter Darstellung,
Fig. 3
einen Querschnitt gemäß III-III der Fig. 1,
Fig. 4
einen Axialschnitt durch ein Ven- tilgehäuse für einen Viertaktdie- selmotor,
Fig. 5
einen vergrößerten Abschnitt von Fig. 4,
Fig. 6
einen Querschnitt gemäß VI-VI der Fig. 5,
Fig. 7
einen axialen Längsschnitt durch eine andere Ausführungsform eines Ventilgehäuses für einen Viertakt- dieselmotor,
Fig. 8
einen Abschnitt von Fig. 7 in ver- größerter Darstellung,
Fig. 9
einen Querschnitt gemäß IX-IX der Fig. 8,
Fig. 10
einen axialen Längsschnitt durch eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Ventilgehäuses für einen Viertakt- dieselmotor,
Fig. 11
einen vergrößerten Abschnitt von Fig. 10 und
Fig. 12
einen Querschnitt gemäß XII-XII der Fig. 11.
In the following embodiments of the invention will be explained with reference to the drawing; it shows
Fig. 1
a partial axial section through a valve housing for a two-stroke diesel engine with valve rotation device,
Fig. 2
a section of Fig. 1 in an enlarged view,
Fig. 3
a cross section according to III-III of Fig. 1 .
Fig. 4
an axial section through a valve housing for a four-stroke diesel engine,
Fig. 5
an enlarged section of Fig. 4 .
Fig. 6
a cross section according to VI-VI of Fig. 5 .
Fig. 7
an axial longitudinal section through another embodiment of a valve housing for a four-stroke diesel engine,
Fig. 8
a section of Fig. 7 in an enlarged view,
Fig. 9
a cross section according to IX-IX of Fig. 8 .
Fig. 10
an axial longitudinal section through a further embodiment of a valve housing for a four-stroke diesel engine,
Fig. 11
an enlarged section of Fig. 10 and
Fig. 12
a cross section according to XII-XII of Fig. 11 ,

Figur 1 zeigt einen Axialschnitt durch einen Abschnitt eines Ventilgehäuses eines Zweitaktdieselmotors für einen Schiffsantrieb im Bereich des oberen Endes der Ventilspindel 1 in ihrer Schließstellung. Auf einem Ventilgehäuse 2 ist ein Gehäusedeckel 4 aufgesetzt. Der Ventilschaft 3 ist in einem (nicht dargestellten) Gleitlager im Ventilgehäuse gelagert. FIG. 1 shows an axial section through a portion of a valve housing of a two-stroke diesel engine for a marine propulsion in the region of the upper end of the valve stem 1 in its closed position. On a valve housing 2, a housing cover 4 is placed. The valve stem 3 is mounted in a slide bearing (not shown) in the valve housing.

Auf dem Ventilgehäuse 2 ist ein Druckluftzylinder 5 vorgesehen, in welchem ein Druckluftkolben 18 geführt ist. Der Ventilschaft 3 ist in einer Mittelbohrung des Druckluftkolbens 18 mittels eines Klemmteils in Form einer Konushülse 48 drehfest und axial formschlüssig über eine nach innen vorspringende Wulst 55 der Konushülse 48 aufgenommen. Die Wulst 55 greift in eine Ringnut des Ventilschafts 3 der Ventilspindel 1 ein. Die Konushülse 48 ist mittels eines Verschlussrings 44 über dessen Verschraubung mit dem Druckluftkolben 18 axial gesichert.On the valve housing 2, a compressed air cylinder 5 is provided, in which an air piston 18 is guided. The valve stem 3 is rotationally fixed in a central bore of the pneumatic piston 18 by means of a clamping member in the form of a conical sleeve 48 and axially positively received via an inwardly projecting bead 55 of the conical sleeve 48. The bead 55 engages in an annular groove of the valve stem 3 of the valve stem 1. The conical sleeve 48 is axially secured by means of a locking ring 44 via its screw connection to the pneumatic piston 18.

Ein gegenüber dem übrigen Ventilschaft 3 abgedrehtes Ventilschaftende 24 besitzt eine darauf aufgepresste hohlzylindrische Hülse 23. Deren unteres zylindrisches Ende 12 sitzt spaltfrei auf einer ringförmigen Anschlagfläche 46, welche durch eine stirnseitige Eindrehung des Ventilschafts 3 gebildet ist, auf.A turned off against the other valve stem 3 valve stem end 24 has a hollow cylindrical sleeve 23 pressed thereon. The lower cylindrical end 12 sits gap-free on an annular stop surface 46, which is formed by a frontal recess of the valve stem 3, on.

Das obere Ende der Hülse 23 ist bis auf eine Montagebohrung 47 geschlossen. Ihre Stirnseite 49 liegt in der gezeigten geschlossenen Stellung der Ventilspindel 1 gegen eine im Hydraulikkolben 21 des Hydraulikzylinders 6 aufgenommene Druckplatte 70 an, welche über eine Spiralfeder 54 mit einer Steuerhülse 52 zusammenwirkt. Die Steuerhülse 52 steht unter dem Druck des Hydrauliköls aus der Öldruckleitung 22. Während des Öffnungshubs der Ventilspindel 1 wird diese mit Beaufschlagung des Hydraulikkolbens 21 zusammen mit dem Druckluftkolben 18 nach unten befördert, bis der Öldruck im Zylinderraum 26 dem Druck im Druckluftzylinder 5 entspricht. Das Schließen der Ventilspindel 1 besorgt dann die Druckluft im Zylinderraum 25 des Druckluftzylinders 5, wobei der Druckluftkolben 18 zusammen mit der Ventilspindel 1 wieder nach oben gefahren wird, bis sie die in Figur 1 dargestellte oberste Stellung erreicht.The upper end of the sleeve 23 is closed except for a mounting hole 47. Its front side 49 is in the closed position of the valve spindle 1 shown against one in the hydraulic piston 21 of the hydraulic cylinder 6 recorded pressure plate 70, which cooperates via a coil spring 54 with a control sleeve 52. The control sleeve 52 is under the pressure of the hydraulic oil from the oil pressure line 22. During the opening stroke of the valve stem 1, this is promoted by acting on the hydraulic piston 21 together with the pneumatic piston 18 down until the oil pressure in the cylinder chamber 26 corresponds to the pressure in the air cylinder 5. The closing of the valve stem 1 then worried the compressed air in the cylinder chamber 25 of the air cylinder 5, wherein the compressed air piston 18 is moved together with the valve stem 1 back up until they are in FIG. 1 reached uppermost position reached.

Eine in den Figuren 2 und 3 näher beschriebene Freilaufeinrichtung wirkt mit einer Ratschenverzahnung 57 am Außenumfang eines Innenrings 13 zusammen, der an seinem Innenumfang eine Innenschrägverzahnung 14 aufweist. Die Innenschrägverzahnung 14 wirkt mit einer Außenschrägverzahnung 16 am Außenumfang der Hülse 23 zusammen.One in the Figures 2 and 3 described freewheeling device cooperates with a ratchet toothing 57 on the outer circumference of an inner ring 13 which has an inner helical toothing 14 on its inner circumference. The internal helical gearing 14 cooperates with an external helical gearing 16 on the outer circumference of the sleeve 23.

Während die Innenschrägverzahnung 14 in axialer Richtung wenigstens ihrer Mindesteingriffslänge mit der Außenschrägverzahnung 16 entspricht, erstreckt sich letztere darüber hinaus noch wenigstens um die Länge des Öffnungshubs der Ventilspindel 1.While the internal helical gearing 14 in the axial direction corresponds at least to its minimum engagement length with the external helical gearing 16, the latter also extends at least by the length of the opening stroke of the valve spindle 1.

Die Freilaufeinrichtung ist so eingerichtet, dass sie eine Drehung der Ventilspindel 1 entweder während deren Schließbewegung oder deren Öffnungsbewegung überträgt und in der jeweiligen Gegenrichtung die Drehung des Innenrings 13 freigibt. Im Falle einer Bewegung der Ventilspindel 1 bei gesperrtem Innenring 13 in Richtung der Schließbewegung der Ventilspindel, also gemäß Figur 1 nach oben hin, ergibt sich eine Drehung der Ventilspindel entsprechend der Schrägverzahnung und somit ein Einschleifen der Ventilsitze während es zum Schließen des Ventils kommt; im umgekehrten Fall entsteht diese Schleifwirkung im Moment des Öffnens der Ventilspindel 1 bis diese den Ventilsitz verlassen hat. Beide Fälle unterscheiden sich in konstruktiver Hinsicht lediglich in der Wahl der Sperrrichtung der Ratschenverzahnung 57 gegen die darauf einwirkenden Ratschenelemente 41, welche in einer gehäusefesten Ringscheibe 38 der Freilaufeinrichtung gelagert sind.The freewheel device is set up such that it transmits a rotation of the valve spindle 1 either during its closing movement or its opening movement and releases the rotation of the inner ring 13 in the respective opposite direction. In the case of a movement of the valve stem 1 with locked inner ring 13 in the direction the closing movement of the valve stem, ie according to FIG. 1 upward, results in a rotation of the valve stem according to the helical teeth and thus a grinding of the valve seats while it comes to closing the valve; in the opposite case, this grinding effect occurs at the moment of opening the valve stem 1 until it has left the valve seat. Both cases differ structurally only in the choice of the locking direction of the ratchet teeth 57 against the ratchet elements 41 acting thereon, which are mounted in a housing-fixed annular disc 38 of the freewheel device.

Die Schmierölversorgung der Schrägverzahnung und der Freilaufeinrichtung wird durch ein System von Schmierölbohrungen 34, 53 im Gehäusedeckel 4 sichergestellt. Das abfließende Schmieröl gelangt über einen Ringraum 27 zwischen dem Gehäusedeckel 4 und dem Luftdruckzylinder 5 durch eine Auslassbohrung 28 in der Zylinderwand des Ventilgehäusedeckels 4 nach außen.The lubricating oil supply of the helical gearing and the freewheel device is ensured by a system of lubricating oil bores 34, 53 in the housing cover 4. The effluent lubricating oil passes through an annular space 27 between the housing cover 4 and the air pressure cylinder 5 through an outlet bore 28 in the cylinder wall of the valve housing cover 4 to the outside.

Figur 2 zeigt als vergrößerten Abschnitt aus Figur 1 das untere Ende der Hülse 23, welches auf der Ringfläche 46 der Ventilspindel 1 aufsitzt. An ihrer äußeren Umfangsfläche besitzt die Hülse 23 eine Außenschrägverzahnung 16, welche mit der Innenschrägverzahnung 14 des Innenrings 13 zusammenwirkt. Der Innenring 13 besitzt eine zentrale Ausnehmung 56, welche sicherstellt, dass das Schmieröl ungehindert den Verzahnungsbereich der Schrägverzahnung versorgen kann. FIG. 2 shows as enlarged section FIG. 1 the lower end of the sleeve 23, which rests on the annular surface 46 of the valve stem 1. On its outer circumferential surface, the sleeve 23 has an outer helical toothing 16 which cooperates with the inner helical toothing 14 of the inner ring 13. The inner ring 13 has a central recess 56, which ensures that the lubricating oil can freely supply the toothed portion of the helical toothing.

Der Innenring 13 besitzt an seinem Außenumfang eine Ratschenverzahnung 57, deren Zähne mit Ratschenelementen 41 zusammenwirken, deren acht über den Umfang verteilt in einer Ringscheibe 38 der Freilaufeinrichtung gelagert sind (vgl. Fig. 3). Jedes Ratschenelement 41 wird mit seiner Sperrklinke von einem mit einer Ratschenfeder 42 belasteten Druckstempel 43 in der Sperrstellung gehalten. Diese Sperrstellung verhindert eine Verdrehung des Innenrings 13 gegenüber der Ringscheibe 38 in einer Drehrichtung gemäß Pfeil P1 mit der Folge, dass die Ventilspindel entsprechend der Schrägverzahnung der Gegenrichtung gemäß Pfeil P2 gedreht wird. Jedoch ist andererseits eine Drehung des Innenrings 13 in der entgegengesetzten Richtung, nämlich gemäß Pfeil P2 gegen die Federwirkung der Druckstempel 43 der Ratschenelemente 41 möglich, d.h. die Freilaufeinrichtung gibt die Drehung des Innenrings 13 frei, wobei eine Verdrehung der Ventilspindel während ihrer Hubbewegung unterbleibt.The inner ring 13 has on its outer circumference a ratchet teeth 57, the teeth of which cooperate with ratchet elements 41, the eight distributed over the circumference are mounted in an annular disc 38 of the freewheel device (see. Fig. 3 ). Each ratchet element 41 is held with its pawl by a loaded with a ratchet spring 42 plunger 43 in the locked position. This locking position prevents rotation of the inner ring 13 relative to the annular disc 38 in a rotational direction according to arrow P1, with the result that the valve spindle is rotated in accordance with the helical toothing of the opposite direction according to arrow P2. However, on the other hand rotation of the inner ring 13 in the opposite direction, namely according to arrow P2 against the spring action of the plunger 43 of the ratchet 41 possible, ie the freewheel device releases the rotation of the inner ring 13, wherein a rotation of the valve stem during its stroke does not occur.

Handelt es sich dabei um eine durch den Hydraulikkolben 21 nach unten in Öffnungsrichtung der Ventilspindel angetriebene Hubbewegung, so bewirkt die Schrägverzahnung eine Verdrehung des Innenrings 13 gemäß Pfeil P2, während sich die Ventilspindel geradlinig nach unten bewegt, so dass sich der Ventilteller in Öffnungsrichtung vom Ventilsitz entfernt.
Wenn umgekehrt nach dem Druckloswerden des Hydraulikzylinders und unter der Wirkung des Druckluftkolbens 18 die Ventilspindel 1 nach oben in Richtung Schließstellung bewegt wird, so bewirkt die Schrägverzahnung eine entgegen der Drehrichtung gemäß Pfeil P2 gerichtete Drehung der Ventilspindel 1, da hierbei eine Drehung des Innenrings 13 durch die Freilaufeinrichtung gesperrt wird, d.h. die Ventilspindel dreht sich entgegen Pfeil P1 in der Richtung gemäß Pfeil P3. Diese Drehung bewirkt im Moment des Erreichens des Ventilsitzes ein Einschleifen des Sitzbereichs des Ventiltellers gegen den gehäuseseitigen Ventilsitz, wobei sich die Sitzflächen gegenseitig in erwünschter Weise abschleifen. Die den Ventilsitz bildenden beiderseitigen Ventilsitzflächen werden dabei geglättet, so dass ein Ventilsitz mit hoher Flächenauflage erreicht wird.
If this is a stroke movement driven downwardly in the opening direction of the valve spindle by the hydraulic piston 21, the helical gearing causes a rotation of the inner ring 13 according to arrow P2, while the valve spindle moves in a straight line downwards, so that the valve disk opens in the opening direction from the valve seat away.
Conversely, after Druckloswerden the hydraulic cylinder and under the action of the pneumatic piston 18, the valve stem 1 is moved upward toward the closed position, the helical toothing causes a counter to the direction of rotation according to arrow P2 directed rotation of the valve stem 1, since in this case a rotation of the inner ring 13 by the freewheel device is locked, ie the valve spindle rotates counter to arrow P1 in the direction indicated by arrow P3. This rotation causes the moment the valve seat is reached Grinding the seat portion of the valve disk against the housing-side valve seat, wherein the seats grind each other in the desired manner. The valve seat surfaces forming the valve seat are thereby smoothed, so that a valve seat with a large surface support is achieved.

Soll hingegen eine Drehung der Ventilspindel nicht beim Schließen des Ventils sondern in umgekehrter Richtung beim Öffnen des Ventils bewirkt werden, so kann dies ohne Änderung der Schrägverzahnung auf einfache Weise dadurch bewirkt werden, dass eine Freilaufeinrichtung mit entgegengesetzten Wirkungsrichtungen eingesetzt wird.If, however, a rotation of the valve stem is not effected when the valve is closed but in the opposite direction when the valve is opened, then this can be effected in a simple manner without changing the helical toothing by using a freewheel device with opposite directions of action.

Die Figuren 4 bis 6 zeigen eine abgeänderte Ausführungsform eines Ventilgehäuses 2 mit Gehäusedeckel 4.The FIGS. 4 to 6 show a modified embodiment of a valve housing 2 with housing cover. 4

Im Unterschied zur Ausführungsform gemäß den Figuren 1 bis 3 ist das obere Antriebselement anstelle eines Hydraulikzylinders durch einen nicht gezeichneten Ventilnocken zum Steuern des Öffnungshubs der Ventilspindel 1 und das untere Antriebselement anstelle eines Luftdruckzylinders durch ein Federelement aus spiralförmigen Ventilfedern 58 gebildet, welche zwischen der Oberseite des Ventilgehäuses 2 und der Unterseite eines am oberen Ende des Ventilschafts 3 befestigten Stützrings 59 unter Druckvorspannung eingesetzt sind. Um eine Drehung der Ventilspindel 1 nicht zu behindern, ist zwischen dem Stützring 59 und einer Endscheibe 61 der Ventilfedern 58 ein Kugellager 60 angeordnet.In contrast to the embodiment according to the FIGS. 1 to 3 is the upper drive element instead of a hydraulic cylinder by a not shown valve cam for controlling the opening stroke of the valve stem 1 and the lower drive element instead of an air pressure cylinder formed by a spring element of helical valve springs 58, which between the top of the valve housing 2 and the underside of the upper end of the Valve stem 3 attached support ring 59 are inserted under pressure bias. In order not to hinder rotation of the valve spindle 1, a ball bearing 60 is arranged between the support ring 59 and an end disk 61 of the valve springs 58.

Der untere Abschnitt des Gehäusedeckels 4 ist in Figur 5 vergrößert dargestellt. Die Außenschrägverzahnung 16 ist direkt auf dem Ventilschaft 3 ausgebildet, z.B. durch ein spanendes Bearbeitungsverfahren. Der Innenring 13 mit der Innenschrägverzahnung 14 sitzt auf einem Axialkugellager 62, welches andererseits gegenüber einer Führungsbuchse 63 des Ventilgehäuses 2 abgestützt ist. Die Ratschenelemente 41 der Freilaufeinrichtung sitzen in entsprechenden Ausnehmungen des Gehäusedeckels 4, wie in Figur 6 gezeigt.The lower portion of the housing cover 4 is in FIG. 5 shown enlarged. The outer helical teeth 16 is formed directly on the valve stem 3, for example by a machining process. The inner ring 13 with the internal helical toothing 14 is seated on an axial ball bearing 62, which on the other hand is supported relative to a guide bush 63 of the valve housing 2. The ratchet elements 41 of the freewheel device sit in corresponding recesses of the housing cover 4, as in FIG. 6 shown.

Wie in Figur 6 dargestellt, trägt der Innenring 13 an seinem Außenumfang die Ratschenverzahnung 57, an seinem Innenumfang die Innenschrägverzahnung 14. Die Außenschrägverzahnung 16 ist direkt auf dem Schaft 3 der Ventilspindel eingeschnitten.As in FIG. 6 illustrated, the inner ring 13 carries on its outer circumference, the ratchet teeth 57, on its inner circumference, the inner helical toothing 14. The outer helical toothing 16 is cut directly on the shaft 3 of the valve stem.

In den Figuren 7 bis 9 ist eine weitere Ausführungsform dargestellt, welche jener gemäß den Figuren 4 bis 6 sehr ähnlich ist. Ein Unterschied besteht allerdings darin, dass das Axialkugellager 62 zur Lagerung des Innenrings 13 über der Freilaufeinrichtung sitzt und auf der oberen Stirnfläche 64 der Führungsbuchse 63 abgestützt ist. Im übrigen bezeichnen die übereinstimmenden Bezugsziffern gleiche Gegenstände wie zur Ausführungsform nach den Figuren 4 bis 6.In the FIGS. 7 to 9 a further embodiment is shown, which according to those FIGS. 4 to 6 is very similar. One difference, however, is that the thrust ball bearing 62 is seated over the freewheel device for supporting the inner ring 13 and is supported on the upper end face 64 of the guide bushing 63. Incidentally, the corresponding reference numerals designate the same objects as for the embodiment of the FIGS. 4 to 6 ,

Die in Figur 9 gezeigte Freilaufeinrichtung entspricht der Ansicht gemäß Schnittebene IX-IX der Figur 8, d.h. die Drehrichtungen für Sperren (Pfeil P1) und Durchratschen (Pfeil P2) verlaufen in gegensätzlicher Richtung. Diese ergibt sich daraus, dass bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 5 der Querschnitt VI-VI in Figur 6 in der Draufsicht dargestellt ist, während bei der Figur 8 der Querschnitt IX-IX der Figur 9 in der Ansicht von unten dargestellt ist.In the FIG. 9 freewheel device shown corresponds to the view according to section plane IX-IX of FIG. 8 , ie the directions of rotation for locks (arrow P1) and ratcheting (arrow P2) run in opposite directions. This results from the fact that in the embodiment according to FIG. 5 the cross-section VI-VI in FIG. 6 is shown in plan view, while in the FIG. 8 Section IX-IX of the FIG. 9 is shown in the view from below.

In Figur 9 ist außerdem der in Figur 7 dargestellte Schnittverlauf gemäß der abgewinkelten Schnittebene VII-VII dargestellt. Ähnlich abgewinkelte Schnittebenen zeigen auch die Figuren 1 und 4; lediglich nach Figur 10 verläuft die Schnittebene ungebrochen, wie einem Vergleich der Figuren 11 und 12 entnehmbar ist.In FIG. 9 is also the in FIG. 7 illustrated sectional profile according to the angled sectional plane VII-VII shown. Similar angled cutting planes also show the FIGS. 1 and 4 ; only after FIG. 10 the cutting plane is unbroken, like a comparison of the Figures 11 and 12 is removable.

Die Ausführungsform gemäß den Figuren 10 bis 12 unterscheidet sich von den beiden Ausführungsformen gemäß den Figuren 4 bis 9, welche ebenfalls jeweils mit Nocken und Ventilfedern betätigte Ventilsteuerungen für Viertaktdieselmotoren zeigen, im wesentlichen dadurch, dass die Freilaufeinrichtung am oberen Ende des Gehäusedeckels 4 untergebracht ist. Wie bei der Variante gemäß den Figuren 7 bis 9 ist das Axialkugellager 62 über der Freilaufeinrichtung angeordnet. Die Abstützung des Axialkugellagers 62 erfolgt - abweichend von den beiden vorbeschriebenen Viertaktvarianten -jedoch gegenüber dem Gehäusedeckel 4. Auch zur vorliegenden Variante sind mit allen anderen Varianten vergleichbare Bauteile mit denselben Bezugszeichen bezeichnet.The embodiment according to the FIGS. 10 to 12 differs from the two embodiments according to the FIGS. 4 to 9 , which also show each actuated with cams and valve springs valve controls for four-stroke diesel engines, essentially in that the freewheel device is accommodated at the upper end of the housing cover 4. As with the variant according to the FIGS. 7 to 9 the axial ball bearing 62 is arranged above the freewheel device. The support of the axial ball bearing 62 takes place - deviating from the two above-described four-stroke variants, however, with respect to the housing cover 4. Also for the present variant, comparable components with all other variants are denoted by the same reference numerals.

Figur 11 zeigt die Besonderheit, dass der Sitzring 59 durch eine verzahnte Hülse 64 nach unten verlängert ist. Die verzahnte Hülse 64 trägt an ihrem Außenumfang die Außenschrägverzahnung 16; die Übertragung des Drehmoments von der Hülse 64 auf den Ventilschaft 3 erfolgt über die Konushülse 48. FIG. 11 shows the peculiarity that the seat ring 59 is extended by a toothed sleeve 64 down. The toothed sleeve 64 carries on its outer periphery the outer helical toothing 16; the torque is transmitted from the sleeve 64 to the valve stem 3 via the conical sleeve 48.

Über den Gehäusedeckel 4 ist noch eine zylindrische Hülse 65 aufgezogen, welche oben mit einem Innenflansch 66 endet, um damit das Axialkugellager 62 zu fixieren und welche unten einen Außenflansch 67 für eine Schraubverbindung mit dem Gehäusedeckel 4 aufweist.About the housing cover 4 is still a cylindrical sleeve 65 mounted, which ends at the top with an inner flange 66 so as to fix the thrust ball bearing 62 and which below has an outer flange 67 for a screw connection to the housing cover 4.

Claims (4)

  1. Valve rotation device for exhaust valves of internal combustion engines, in particular of marine diesel engines, which is arranged on a valve housing for the valve spindle (1), in the vicinity of a first drive element (21) for opening the valve and a second drive element (18) for closing the valve, with a neutral device which transmits a rotation of the valve spindle (1) during the closing movement or the opening movement thereof and releases the rotation in the counter direction,
    characterised in that
    in order to transmit the rotational movement to the valve spindle, an outer helical toothing (16) is provided on the valve stem (3) of the valve spindle (1) and the associated inner helical toothing (14) is provided on an inner ring (13) supported by means of the neutral device, wherein the outer helical toothing (16) corresponds, in the axial direction, at least to the length of the opening lift of the valve spindle (1) plus the minimum engagement length of the inner helical toothing (14), and wherein the inner ring (13) is mounted on an axial ball bearing (62) in a recess of a housing cover (4) of the valve housing (2) and comprises, on the outer circumference thereof, a ratchet toothing (57) which interacts with ratchet elements (41) of the neutral device.
  2. Valve rotation device according to Claim 1, characterised in that
    an annular disc (38) of the neutral device is provided, in the inner circumference of which the ratchet elements (41) are mounted in a spring-loaded manner, and that the annular disc (38) is fastened to the housing cover (4) with the axial ball bearing (62).
  3. Valve rotation device according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the outer helical toothing (16) is integrally formed directly on the valve stem (3).
  4. Valve rotation device according to Claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the outer helical toothing (16) can be formed on a hollow cylindrical sleeve (23) which is fastened with its inner circumference on a corresponding seat of the valve stem (3) by shrink-fitting.
EP09730235A 2008-04-11 2009-04-07 Valve rotating device for exhaust valves of internal combustion engines Not-in-force EP2212525B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008018612A DE102008018612A1 (en) 2008-04-11 2008-04-11 Valve rotating device for exhaust valves of internal combustion engines
PCT/EP2009/002560 WO2009124718A1 (en) 2008-04-11 2009-04-07 Valve rotating device for exhaust valves of internal combustion engines

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2212525A1 EP2212525A1 (en) 2010-08-04
EP2212525B1 true EP2212525B1 (en) 2011-02-23

Family

ID=40863705

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09730235A Not-in-force EP2212525B1 (en) 2008-04-11 2009-04-07 Valve rotating device for exhaust valves of internal combustion engines

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2212525B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE499510T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102008018612A1 (en)
DK (1) DK2212525T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2009124718A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1347488A (en) * 1918-08-15 1920-07-27 Stanley B Arnold Valve
DE3225725A1 (en) * 1982-07-06 1984-01-12 Gebrüder Sulzer AG, 8401 Winterthur Device for the intermittent rotation of valves leading into the cylinder space of an internal combustion engine
DE9003894U1 (en) * 1990-04-04 1990-07-19 Krupp Mak Maschinenbau Gmbh, 2300 Kiel Torsion device for a valve of an internal combustion engine
DE29522196U1 (en) * 1995-01-07 2000-09-14 Wtz Motoren & Maschforsch Gmbh Valve turning device for gas exchange valves
FI101164B (en) * 1995-10-10 1998-04-30 Waertsilae Nsd Oy Ab Improved valve rotation device
DE59709505D1 (en) * 1997-07-16 2003-04-17 Waertsilae Schweiz Ag Winterth Device for rotating a valve
DE102004020754B4 (en) 2004-04-27 2006-03-30 Märkisches Werk GmbH Valve rotating device for exhaust valves of ships' diesel engines has rotary cylinder and stationary support cylinder inter-engaging via helical gearing, with rotary cylinder connected to valve spindle via overrunning device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE502009000398D1 (en) 2011-04-07
DK2212525T3 (en) 2011-06-20
EP2212525A1 (en) 2010-08-04
ATE499510T1 (en) 2011-03-15
WO2009124718A1 (en) 2009-10-15
DE102008018612A1 (en) 2009-10-29

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