EP2200397B1 - Leistungsversorgungsverfahren von mindestens eines Heizelementens und Kochvorrichtung mittels dieses Verfahrens - Google Patents

Leistungsversorgungsverfahren von mindestens eines Heizelementens und Kochvorrichtung mittels dieses Verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2200397B1
EP2200397B1 EP09290981A EP09290981A EP2200397B1 EP 2200397 B1 EP2200397 B1 EP 2200397B1 EP 09290981 A EP09290981 A EP 09290981A EP 09290981 A EP09290981 A EP 09290981A EP 2200397 B1 EP2200397 B1 EP 2200397B1
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Prior art keywords
power
supply
instantaneous
tprog
phase
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2200397A1 (de
Inventor
Etienne Alirol
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Groupe Brandt SAS
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FagorBrandt SAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/04—Sources of current

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of supplying power to a target power value of at least one electrical element.
  • the present invention relates to the power supply of electrical elements of the electric resistance type in an electric cooking appliance, or of the inductor type, in particular in a domestic hob using induction heating.
  • a hob is for example described in the document EP 1 838 138 .
  • a power supply method of an electric element implemented to obtain a desired power value, comprises a cyclic supply step over a program period so that the set power value achieved on average over this program period.
  • instantaneous power supply is supplied to the electrical element.
  • the instantaneous power is applied to the electrical element in a repetitive pattern, identical from one program period to another. .
  • each power up causes a current draw on the general power supply network of the cooking appliance.
  • This current draw is responsible for a drop in the mains voltage due to the power line impedance.
  • This power cut over the program period is responsible for a voltage variation on the power supply network, periodically.
  • the electrical standard EN-61000-3-3 (Flicker standard) fixes for a power supply network a maximum number of variations of the voltage per minute as a function of the amplitude of this variation.
  • a program period length sufficiently long, for example equal to 15 seconds, suitable for any power deviation that may occur during the cyclic power supply of an electrical element of a cooking appliance.
  • the user thus has an unpleasant impression of irregularity in the power delivered to the electrical element.
  • This disadvantage is particularly amplified when the electric element is an inductor associated with a container to be heated.
  • the present invention aims to provide a power supply method for solving the aforementioned drawbacks and to provide a power supply method ensuring a better regularity in the power delivered.
  • the present invention relates, according to a first aspect, to a power supply method with a target power value of at least one electrical element, comprising a cyclic power supply step on a succession of program periods from at least one electrical element to at least one instantaneous power supply, said at least one instantaneous power supply being delivered to said at least one electrical element in a repeating pattern over each program period.
  • the method comprises a preliminary step of determining a program period duration as a function of the instantaneous power variation supplying said at least one electrical element during the cyclic power supply step.
  • the duration of the program period can be variable during the power supply of an electrical element, depending in particular on the instantaneous power supplying this electric element in order to better adjust the duration of the program period.
  • the user thus has a feeling of regularity in the power delivered by the electric element.
  • the preliminary determination step is carried out on the basis of a pre-established relationship connecting the minimum duration of a program period to a given instantaneous power deviation.
  • the duration of the program period is determined so as to be as short as possible for a given instantaneous power deviation supplying the electric element during the cyclic power supply step.
  • the predetermined relationship is determined from a standard setting a number of permissible voltage variations per minute on an electrical supply network of said at least one electrical element, as a function of the value of the voltage variation.
  • the supply method according to the invention finds particular application when the instantaneous power is greater than the desired power value, an operating time of said at least one electrical element during the program period being such that the average power restored by said at least one electrical element during the program period is substantially equal to the target power value.
  • said at least one electrical element is an inductor powered by an inverter controlled by a frequency generator.
  • This permissible minimum continuous power depends in particular on the inverter, and in particular on the operation of the IGBT switch, that is to say on its switching possibilities.
  • an instantaneous power equal to the minimum continuous power is applied over a part of the program period to respect the average setpoint power value over that program period.
  • the present invention relates to an electric cooking apparatus comprising means for cyclically feeding at least one electrical element over a succession of program periods to at least one instantaneous power supply, said at least one instantaneous power.
  • power supply being delivered to said at least one electrical element in a repeating pattern on each program period, and comprising means for preliminarily determining a program period duration as a function of the instantaneous power variation supplying said at least one electrical element during cyclic feeding.
  • the electric cooking apparatus is in particular an induction hob comprising two inductors connected in parallel on the same power phase of a power supply and powered respectively by two inverters controlled by the same frequency generator, comprising a treatment adapted to implement the power supply method according to the invention.
  • This electric cooking appliance has characteristics and advantages similar to those described above in connection with the power supply method.
  • the present invention will be described for an electric cooking appliance consisting of an induction hob as illustrated in FIG. Figures 1 and 2 .
  • the present invention is not limited to an application to an induction hob but can be applied to any type of electric cooking appliance in which an electric element is supplied with power over a program period in accordance with a cyclic power supply.
  • Such an electric cooking appliance may be in particular a hob with radiant heating elements, or a cooking oven having one or more electric heating resistors.
  • the electric cooking apparatus is an induction hob 10 comprising four cooking hobs F1, F2, F3, F4.
  • Each cooking zone F1, F2, F3, F4 respectively comprises an inductor mounted on a power phase of a power supply 11, typically a mains power supply.
  • the hob is powered by 32 amps that can provide a maximum power of 7200 W at the hob 10, a power of 3600 W per phase.
  • each inductor of the firing heaters F1, F2, F3, F4 can in practice be made from one or more coils in which the electric current flows.
  • a control and power control card 12 makes it possible to support all the electronic and computer means necessary for controlling the hob 10.
  • the F1, F2, F3, F4 cooking hobs can also be identified by a screen printing vis-à-vis the inductors placed under the cooking surface.
  • the hob 10 also comprises control and interface means 14 with the user, in particular enabling the user to control in power and in duration the operation of each focus F1, F2, F3, F4.
  • This cooktop has similar features and the same numerical references as the cooktop shown in figure 1 .
  • the embodiment of the figure 2 has only three foci, F1 foci, F2 identical to those previously described, and a larger F5 dual focus.
  • This double F5 fireplace is usually made of a central inductor and an annular inductor.
  • the central inductor is operated in isolation when a small container is placed on the F5 and the two inductors are operated simultaneously with larger containers.
  • the inductors of each focus F1, F2, F3, F4, F5 are mounted in pairs in parallel on the same power phase of the power supply.
  • the inductors associated with the first two foci F1, F2 are connected in parallel with a first power phase of the power supply, and the inductors associated with the other two foci F3, F4 are connected in parallel with the second power phase of the power supply. power supply.
  • figure 2 the inductors associated with the first two foci F1, F2 are connected in parallel on a first phase of the power supply, and the concentric inductors associated with the focal point F5 are connected in parallel with a second power phase of the power supply.
  • these two inductors I1, I2 are connected in parallel on a power phase of the power supply and controlled respectively by two inverters 31, 32.
  • Each inductor 11, I2 is connected in parallel with a capacitor C1, C2.
  • the inductor I1, I2 and the capacitor C1, C2 then form a resonant circuit whose resonant frequency varies as a function of the receptacle disposed above the inductor I1, I2.
  • Each inverter 31, 32 can operate from any electronic switching means, and for example, from a voltage-controlled transistor type switch, known as IGBT (acronym for the term “ Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor”). "). This switch is associated with a freewheeling diode.
  • IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
  • Such an inverter is conventionally used in an induction cooktop and need not be described in more detail here.
  • each inverter 31, 32 is controlled at a frequency F T1 , F T2 .
  • This frequency command is managed by a processing unit 33.
  • the processing unit 33 is adapted to control the frequency F T1 , F T2 at which the transistors of the inverters 31, 32 are conductive or lock.
  • the processing unit 33 controls a frequency generator 34 adapted to control the working frequency of the inverters 31, 32.
  • measuring means 35, 36 respectively adapted to measure the current flowing between each inverter 31, 32 and the associated inductors I1, 12.
  • These measuring means 35, 36 make it possible in particular to measure the peak current Imax1, Imax2 and the switched current Icom1, Icom2 at the output of each inverter 31, 32.
  • the peak current Imax is deduced from the instantaneous current flowing in each inverter 31, 32.
  • the switching current Icorn current for which the switch or the freewheeling diode associated thereto becomes conductive is also deduced from the instantaneous current measured at the output of the inverter.
  • the processing unit 33 is adapted to implement the power supply method which will be described below.
  • the processing unit 33 and the frequency generator 34 controlled by the processing unit 33 constitute cyclic supply means for the inductors 11, 12 at an instantaneous power supply.
  • This cyclic supply is implemented over a program period Tprog so that the power restored by each inductor I1, I2 over the program period Tprog is substantially equal to the set power value P1d, P2d requested on each inductor 11, I2 .
  • the processing unit 33 incorporates means 33 for determining the duration of the program period Tprog, the latter depending on the variation of the instantaneous power, denoted in the following ⁇ P, supplying each inductor I1 , I2 during cyclic feeding.
  • the Flicker standard mentioned above sets a maximum number of voltage variations per minute on a power supply network as a function of the value of this voltage variation.
  • This standard is intended to limit current calls responsible for a drop in the mains voltage when an electrical element, and here an inductor, is supplied with electrical power.
  • each variation ⁇ P corresponds to a voltage distortion.
  • an effective current i is called on the power line.
  • the value of the voltage distortion ⁇ U / U makes it possible to know the number N of voltage distortions allowed per minute, directly deduced from the Flicker standard illustrated on the curve of the figure 4 .
  • figure 5 the pre-established curve from the values of the standard illustrated in figure 4 , connecting the minimum duration of a Tprog program period (in seconds) to a given instantaneous power deviation ⁇ P (in watt).
  • the duration of the program period must be at least equal to 15 seconds.
  • the power supply method implemented in the processing unit 33 makes it possible to determine in advance a program period duration Tprog as a function of the instantaneous power variation ⁇ P supplying inductors I1, I2 during the cyclic supply step.
  • the operating time of the inductor I1 during the period Tprog must be such that the average power restored P1m by the inductor I1 during the program period Tprog is substantially equal to the set power value P1d.
  • the inverter 31, 32 particularly implements in operation an IGBT switch, having variable switching possibilities, thus limiting its working frequency F T1 , F T2 and thus the permissible power PminCont1, PminCont2 admitted by the system.
  • the permissible minimum continuous power value PminCont1, PminCont2 can be between 600 and 1800 W depending on the operating temperature, the type of container and its size, and the size of the inductor.
  • a standard value can be set at 1400W.
  • the value of the permissible minimum continuous power PminCont1, PminCont2 can be determined for each inductor-receiver system as described below.
  • the setpoint power P1d is lower than the value of the minimum continuous power admitted Pmincont1 for the inductor I1
  • the The desired setpoint power P1d can only be satisfied by supplying the inductor I1 with an instantaneous power P1 substantially equal to the value of the minimum continuous power admitted Pmincont1 during a limited period of the program period Tprog.
  • the duration of the program period Tprog must be determined as a function of the variations ⁇ P of instantaneous power P1, P2 supplying these two inductors 11, 12.
  • the inductors 11, I2 can be alternately powered at an instantaneous power P1, P2 identical, equal to an alternating power value Palt.
  • the two inductors I1, 12 are alternately energized at an identical instantaneous power Palt, permanently over the program period Tprog, the consumed power seen from the electrical network is constant in time so that the length of the program period Tprog is not important.
  • Tprog of minimum duration
  • the two inductors I1, I2 are powered respectively by the two inverters 31, 32 controlled at the same working frequency F T.
  • This type of operation has the advantage of avoiding the generation of noise interference between the inductors and annoying noise for the user.
  • the instantaneous power P1, P2 on each inductor I1, I2 during the parallel supply phase is not necessarily identical, depending in particular on the system constituted by the inductor and the container placed vis-à-vis.
  • the sum of the instantaneous power supply powers P1p, P2p of the two inductors I1, I2 during the parallel supply phase is equal to the maximum power PmaxPhase delivered by the power phase of the power supply, and here equal to 3600 W.
  • the two inductors I1, I2 are powered at the same power supply power Palt.
  • the duration of the program period Tprog is determined from the difference ⁇ P between the sum of the instantaneous powers P1p + P2p of the two inductors I1, 12 during the parallel supply phase and the instantaneous supply power Palt of the two inductors I1, 12 during the alternating power phase.
  • any type of cyclic supply of one or more inductors can be implemented, the duration of the program period Tprog being determined from the instantaneous power deviation existing during this cyclic supply.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Control Of High-Frequency Heating Circuits (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Verfahren zur Leistungsversorgung von mindestens einem elektrischen Element (I1, I2) mit einem Leistungssollwert (P1d, P2d), das einen Schritt zur zyklischen Versorgung des mindestens einen elektrischen Elements (I1, I2) mit mindestens einer momentanen Versorgungsleistung (P1, P2, P1p, P2p, Palt) über eine Folge von Programmperioden (Tprog) umfasst, wobei die mindestens eine momentane Versorgungsleistung (P1, P2, P1p, P2p, Palt) dem mindestens einen elektrischen Element (I1, I2) nach einem über jede Programmperiode (Tprog) wiederholten Muster zugeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es einen vorhergehenden Schritt zur Bestimmung einer Dauer einer Programmperiode (Tprog) in Abhängigkeit von der Änderung (ΔP) der momentanen Leistung, mit der das mindestens eine elektrische Element (I1, 12) bei dem Schritt zur zyklischen Versorgung versorgt wird, umfasst.
  2. Versorgungsverfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der vorhergehende Bestimmungsschritt ausgehend von einer zuvor festgelegten Beziehung ausgeführt wird, die die Mindestdauer einer Programmperiode (Tprog) mit einem gegebenen Unterschied (ΔP) der momentanen Leistung in Beziehung setzt.
  3. Versorgungsverfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zuvor festgelegte Beziehung ausgehend von einer Norm bestimmt wird, die eine Anzahl von Spannungsänderungen pro Minute, die auf einem Stromnetz zur Versorgung des mindestens einen elektrischen Elements (I1, 12) erlaubt sind, in Abhängigkeit von dem Wert der Spannungsänderung festlegt.
  4. Verfahren zur Leistungsversorgung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das mindestens eine elektrische Element ein Induktor (11, 12) ist, der von einem von einem Frequenzgenerator (34) gesteuerten Wechselrichter (31, 32) versorgt wird.
  5. Versorgungsverfahren nach Anspruch 4, das dazu geeignet ist, zwei Induktoren (I1, I2) zu versorgen, die an einer gleichen Leistungsphase einer Stromversorgung parallel geschaltet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es einen vorhergehenden Schritt zur Bestimmung einer Dauer einer Programmperiode (Tprog) in Abhängigkeit von den Änderungen (ΔP) der momentanen Leistung (P1p, P2p, Palt), mit der die beiden Induktoren (I1, I2) bei einem Schritt zur zyklischen Versorgung versorgt werden, umfasst.
  6. Versorgungsverfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt zur zyklischen Versorgung über jede Programmperiode (Tprog) eine Mischversorgungphase umfasst, die sich aus einer Phase zur Parallelversorgung der beiden Induktoren (I1, I2), in der die beiden Induktoren (I1, I2) über zwei jeweilige mit einer gleichen Arbeitsfrequenz (FT) angesteuerte Wechselrichter (31, 32) versorgt werden, und aus einer Phase zur Wechselversorgung der beiden Induktoren (I1, I2) zusammensetzt, wobei die Dauer der Programmperiode (Tprog) in Abhängigkeit von dem Unterschied (ΔP) zwischen der Summe der momentanen Leistungen (P1p, P2p) zur Versorgung der beiden Induktoren (I1, I2) während der Parallelversorgungsphase und der momentanen Leistung (Palt) zur Versorgung der beiden Induktoren (I1, I2) während der Wechselversorgungsphase bestimmt wird.
  7. Versorgungsverfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Änderung (ΔP) der momentanen Leistung der Differenz zwischen der maximalen Leistung (PmaxPhase), die von der Leistungsphase der Stromversorgung abgegeben wird, und der momentanen Leistung (Palt) zur Versorgung der beiden Induktoren (11, 12) während der Wechselversorgungsphase entspricht.
  8. Elektrisches Kochgerät mit Mitteln (33, 34) zur zyklischen Versorgung von mindestens einem elektrischen Element (I1, I2) mit mindestens einer momentanen Versorgungsleistung (P1, P2, P1p, P2p, Palt) über eine Folge von Programmperioden (Tprog), wobei die mindestens eine momentane Versorgungsleistung (P1, P2, P1p, P2p, Palt) dem mindestens einen elektrischen Element (I1, I2) nach einem über jede Programmperiode (Tprog) wiederholten Muster zugeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es Mittel (33) zur vorhergehenden Bestimmung einer Dauer einer Programmperiode (Tprog) in Abhängigkeit von der Änderung (ΔP) der momentanen Leistung, mit der das mindestens eine elektrische Element (I1, I2) während der zyklischen Versorgung versorgt wird, aufweist.
  9. Elektrisches Kochgerät nach Anspruch 8 und insbesondere Induktionskochfeld (10), das zwei Induktoren (I1, I2) aufweist, die an einer gleichen Leistungsphase einer Stromversorgung parallel geschaltet sind und über zwei jeweilige Wechselrichter (31, 32) versorgt werden, die von ein und demselben Frequenzgenerator (34) gesteuert werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Verarbeitungseinheit (33) aufweist, die dazu ausgelegt ist, das Versorgungsverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 auszuführen.
EP09290981A 2008-12-22 2009-12-21 Leistungsversorgungsverfahren von mindestens eines Heizelementens und Kochvorrichtung mittels dieses Verfahrens Revoked EP2200397B1 (de)

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PL09290981T PL2200397T3 (pl) 2008-12-22 2009-12-21 Sposób zasilania mocą, co najmniej jednego elementu elektrycznego i urządzenie do gotowania realizujące sposób

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FR0858974 2008-12-22

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EP2200397B1 true EP2200397B1 (de) 2012-02-08

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AT (1) ATE545316T1 (de)
ES (1) ES2379856T3 (de)
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EP1838138B1 (de) 2006-03-20 2013-02-27 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Verstärkerschaltkreis für ein verbessertes Induktionsheizgerät, Netzteileinheit und Bilderzeugungsvorrichtung damit

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EP2200397A1 (de) 2010-06-23
PL2200397T3 (pl) 2012-07-31
ES2379856T3 (es) 2012-05-04

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