EP2196588B1 - Cladding system - Google Patents

Cladding system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2196588B1
EP2196588B1 EP09173870.8A EP09173870A EP2196588B1 EP 2196588 B1 EP2196588 B1 EP 2196588B1 EP 09173870 A EP09173870 A EP 09173870A EP 2196588 B1 EP2196588 B1 EP 2196588B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fixing element
recess
support
cladding
cladding board
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09173870.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2196588A1 (en
Inventor
Günter Nosbüsch
Paul Zgraggen
Daniel Studer
Peter Plangger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Greutol AG
Original Assignee
Greutol AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Greutol AG filed Critical Greutol AG
Publication of EP2196588A1 publication Critical patent/EP2196588A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2196588B1 publication Critical patent/EP2196588B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/762Exterior insulation of exterior walls
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0832Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/0833Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements not adjustable
    • E04F13/0835Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements not adjustable the fastening elements extending into the back side of the covering elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0832Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/0853Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements adjustable perpendicular to the wall
    • E04F13/0855Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements adjustable perpendicular to the wall adjustable in several directions, one of which is perpendicular to the wall
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/05Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system for fixing cladding panels in or on buildings, such as insulating panels, in particular thermal insulation panels, e.g. for exterior wall, interior wall, ceiling and / or roof insulation.
  • buildings are constructed in such a way that their walls have minimal thermal conductivity.
  • components made of porous building materials are usually provided.
  • thermal insulation of new and old buildings is usually applied to a masonry first a thermal insulation board, in particular expanded polystyrene foam, mineral wool or stone wool lamella.
  • the cladding panel can be connected to the wall according to a conventional attachment method by means of an adhesive, for example by means of a foam adhesive, such as in the EP 1 039 058 A1 disclosed.
  • Adhesive foams such as those based on polyurethane, are used as permanent, non-positive connection material for adhesive bonding of insulating boards.
  • Polyurethanes adhere perfectly to almost all substrates found in construction. They are easy to process, tough, elastic and transfer thrust and Tensile forces reliable even under thermal influences.
  • polyurethane monomers and oligomers can be crosslinked with water to form an inert, durable plastic.
  • the disadvantage here is that the isocyanate group hardens with water in a condensation reaction with elimination of gaseous carbon dioxide to form a polyurea.
  • the formed carbon dioxide drives the, in this phase still plastic, adhesive on and leads to an expansion of the adhesive layer.
  • This unavoidable reaction / expansion causes bonded components usually to change their intended position, if they are not at least temporarily mechanically fixed.
  • self-foaming adhesive foams have the disadvantage that the glued cladding panels press off in an uncontrolled manner from the substrate due to a post-expansion of the adhesive foam applied between the cladding panel and the substrate.
  • the glued cladding panels press off in an uncontrolled manner from the substrate due to a post-expansion of the adhesive foam applied between the cladding panel and the substrate.
  • the inconsistent nature of the substrate it may be that adjacent cladding panels are no longer aligned flush and no longer parallel to the substrate after curing of the adhesive foam.
  • the EP 1 640 521 A1 solves this problem by means of angle-shaped fasteners, wherein a leg is glued to the wall, while the second leg is fixed with pins on the insulation board.
  • a prior custom design of the insulation board is necessary because the insulation board for receiving the angle leg must have a gradation in the top of the plate.
  • the thickness of the fixing would build inadmissible and the resulting gaps would lead to thermal bridges, as well as, for example, let a subsequent reinforcing material impermissibly penetrate deep into the gaps.
  • caused by the multiple gradation of insulation boards compared to conventional standard plates increased costs in the production.
  • due to the only one-sided Jardinnfalze the multi-layered insulation boards are only horizontally applicable and in exact pass sequence.
  • a further disadvantage of the prior art is that once fixed cladding panels are no longer displaceable, i.
  • the position of a plate, once fixed at the angle to the wall, can not be corrected.
  • EP 1 621 693 A2 discloses a method for fixing a cladding panel having the features of the preamble of claim 1 and a cladding system having the features of the preamble of claim 7.
  • the underlying object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • a system for attaching cladding panels to a substrate, which are additionally to be fixed by means of an adhesive to the substrate is sought, which allows a simple and inexpensive prefabrication of the components, which is applicable to different types of standardized cladding panels and easy on site to realize.
  • the fastening system should be a e.g. prevent positional change of the trim panel on the base caused by expansion or movement of an adhesive.
  • the present invention solves this problem by providing a method for fixing a cladding panel on a substrate, in particular for insulation, particularly preferably for thermal insulation on and / or in a building or on a building part.
  • the system or method according to the invention can be applied both to the mounting of cladding panels on the outer walls of buildings and mobile rooms, as well as to (interior) walls and ceilings in buildings and mobile rooms, as well as to components that are part of a building or a mobile Room should be joined together.
  • the application of cladding panels on roofs of buildings or mobile spaces is conceivable.
  • an outer wall, inner wall, ceiling, or a roof surface can be understood.
  • the material of the base can be, for example, bricks, metal plates, concrete, natural wood, plywood boards, plastic boards, plasterboard or building boards.
  • the pad may be uncoated or coated, for example, with plasters, paints, varnishes, primers, etc., or combinations thereof.
  • Core of the invention is, inter alia, that due to the frictional engagement, preferably the clamping between the recess laterally delimiting surfaces and the opposite lateral surfaces of the fixing a displaceability of the fixing along one or even two dimensions without loss of connection of the fixing is made possible with the cladding panel , Especially after the attachment of the fixing element to the pad.
  • the fixing element is thus inserted into the recess until frictional contact of the said lateral surfaces of the fixing element with the said lateral surfaces of the recess is achieved. Due to the preferably elastic deformability of the material, the fixing element is preferably clamped in the recess.
  • deformability is meant that the fixing element is not easily displaced in the recess without a substantial force.
  • the frictional engagement or the clamping is produced by an elastic deformation of at least one of the two surfaces or components involved in the frictional engagement.
  • the fixing can be pulled under force in a controlled manner depending on the desired distance of the cladding plate from the pad into the recess or further out of the recess, and preferably also be moved in a direction parallel to the pad, but it always remains frictionally attached. This allows a subsequent even after attachment of the fixing element to the substrate Adjustment of the position of the panel.
  • the adhesion of the cohesive connection or the adhesive layer between the fixing and the pad is usefully greater than the frictional engagement or the clamping force between the fixing and the trim panel, or generally the force that must be applied to a displacement of the fixing in cause the recess.
  • the frictional engagement or the clamping of the fixing in the recess of the cladding panel can show an additional advantageous effect by the clamping action occurring due to the driving pressure of the adhesive foam position change prevents the panel plate.
  • the force that must be expended for the displacement of the fixing element is preferably greater than the driving force, respectively expansion force of the adhesive between the cladding panel and the base.
  • the recess of which at least two are preferably present per cladding panel, may be, for example, a blind hole or an open groove, preferably a straight longitudinal groove which extends over the entire length of the cladding panel.
  • the fixing surfaces laterally delimiting, opposing surfaces can also merge into each other, as for example. in the case of a cylindrical fixing element may be the case. Likewise, the two side surfaces delimiting the recess may merge into each other, as shown e.g. in the case of a cylindrical blind hole may be the case.
  • the trim panel has a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction, as well as an upper side and a lower side.
  • the underside of the cladding panel faces the base.
  • the underside of the cladding panel has at least one recess
  • the upper side of the cladding panel is preferably closed, ie configured without recesses serving to receive fixing elements.
  • the underside and / or the top can be provided with at least one cut, preferably several cuts. Incisions serve the deformability of the material, or the Prevention of gaps, especially in Nutverlaufsplatz or assembly direction, which may occur, for example due to unevenness of the pad or due to assembly-related stresses.
  • the cladding panel is preferably cuboid, and thereby preferably elongated.
  • it preferably has a thickness, measured in the state secured to the substrate perpendicular to the substrate, of in the range of 60-400 mm, preferably of in the range of 120-200 mm, in a preferred width measured in the transverse direction of the lining panel in the range of 100-1200 mm, preferably in the range of 200-800 mm, particularly preferably in the range of 400-600 mm.
  • the longitudinal direction and transverse direction of the cladding panel in the attached state of the cladding panel are substantially parallel to the surface of the base.
  • the length of the cladding panel measured in the longitudinal direction of the cladding panel is preferably in the range of 500-1500 mm, preferably in the range of 1000-1300 mm.
  • the indicated masses are standard size ranges.
  • the cladding panels can be cut or shortened as required, either at the production site or on site at the construction site.
  • the trim panel When attaching the trim panel to the base, the trim panel is pressed in a substantially vertical movement toward the wall so that the surface facing the base, i. the underside of the cladding panel in the attached state is substantially parallel to the surface of the base.
  • the fixing element is fastened to the cladding panel only by the frictional connection between the surfaces laterally delimiting the recess and the surfaces of the fixing element which are opposite one another in the vertical direction.
  • the static friction force between the clamped surfaces, or the applied force to move the fixing in the recess advantageously in the range of 10-600 N, preferably in the range of 50-200 N, particularly preferably in the range of about 160 N.
  • the pull-out strength of the fixing element from the recess in the insulating board, or the friction stress advantageously at least 0.5 N / cm 2 , preferably at least 0.8 N / cm 2 , and is particularly preferably in Range of about 0.8-1.5 N / cm 2 .
  • the force that is used to move the fixing in the recess depends, inter alia, on how far the fixing element is inserted in the recess, the ratio of the width of the fixing to the width of the recess, as well as the material properties of the cladding panel and the Fixing element, and also from any additional burden the cladding panel.
  • the width of the recess is preferably 10-60 mm, more preferably 15-25 mm.
  • the depth of the recess i. the distance from the opening at the pad facing surface, i. on the underside of the cladding panel, to the bottom of the recess, is preferably 15-60 mm, more preferably 25-50 mm, measured in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the base.
  • the depth of the recess is advantageously smaller, preferably smaller by about 2-4 mm, particularly preferably smaller by about 3 mm, than the height of the fixing element, i. the maximum extent of the fixing element in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the pad.
  • the depth of the recess is preferably greater than the width thereof.
  • the width of the recess is preferably smaller by 0.5-3 mm, particularly preferably in a range of 1-1.5 mm, smaller than the width of the fixing element.
  • the width of the fixing element used i. the distance from the one laterally delimiting the fixing element in the transverse direction, to the opposite laterally delimiting surface of the fixing element, is advantageously in the range of 11-61 mm, preferably in the range of 16-26 mm.
  • the height of the fixing element is preferably in the range of 17-64 mm, preferably in the range of 27-54 mm.
  • the length of the fixing element is preferably in the range of 10-300 mm, particularly preferably in the range of 150-250 mm.
  • a cladding panel which has two recesses which are preferably substantially parallel to one another.
  • each recess is designed as a straight longitudinal groove which extends in particular over the entire length of the cladding panel in a direction parallel to the surface of the base.
  • the longitudinal groove is in particular laterally open, ie open at the edge of the cladding panel which faces the next cladding panel to be fastened, especially preferably open on two sides, so that the longitudinal grooves of concatenated cladding panels merge into one another in the groove running direction or are aligned with one another.
  • the length of the recess or groove in Nutverlaufsutter along the longitudinal direction of the cladding plate is preferably at least about 10 mm, more preferably at least about 100 mm, up to a maximum, which corresponds to the length of the cladding panel.
  • the fixing element is then displaceable in this longitudinal groove before and / or after its attachment to the base in a horizontal Nutverlaufsurgi in the recess and even between recesses of adjacent cladding panels.
  • two mutually parallel horizontal longitudinal grooves are arranged in the cladding panel such that the width of the cladding panel is substantially divided by the longitudinal grooves.
  • it can also be arranged more than two such longitudinal grooves or recesses in the plate.
  • the lateral distance of the recess or the longitudinal groove to the edge of the plate is at least 3-5 cm.
  • the number and arrangement of the recesses can be varied depending on the size, thickness or material of the cladding panel and / or the nature of the pad and / or the fixing element, taking into account stability criteria.
  • the cladding panel can be cut to any length, or the length of the cladding panel can be shortened as desired, without the arrangement or number of grooves being changed. Such a size adjustment to the circumstances can also be done locally on the construction site.
  • a wall is clad so that first a horizontal row of cladding panels is erected, ie the cladding panels are lined up side by side. Only after a horizontal row is completed is a second horizontal row piled on the first horizontal row, etc., until the entire surface of the pad to be covered is covered.
  • the mounting direction of a series runs it preferably along the Nutverlaufsraum.
  • the fixing element When fixing a previously to be fixed cladding panel, each with at least one laterally open longitudinal groove as described above, the fixing element is inserted into the recess such that it protrudes in the Nutverlaufsplatz over an edge, or a side surface of the cladding panel, which the next to facing fastener panel.
  • the next cladding panel to be fastened is then joined to the previously attached cladding panel by partially receiving the protruding fixing member of the previously attached cladding panel in at least one recess of the next cladding panel.
  • the fixing element thus also serves as a guide for the relative positioning of the following cladding panel on the previous. In this embodiment, so to speak, two adjacent cladding panels share at least one fixing element, preferably two fixing elements, or at least one fixing element thus simultaneously serves for fastening two adjacent cladding panels.
  • the frictional connection between the recess laterally limiting surfaces and the opposite lateral surfaces of the fixing is at least partially supplemented by a cohesive connection.
  • the cohesive connection between the base and the fixing element is effected in particular by an adhesive layer on the surface of the fixing element facing the base to be covered.
  • This adhesive layer preferably has a gel-like adhesive, more preferably an adhesive based on synthetic resin and / or natural resin, such as hot melt adhesive.
  • the surface of the second region of the fixing element facing the base is fastened to the base by means of an adhesive layer preferably arranged on this surface.
  • the adhesive layer may be covered by a non-adhesive protective layer or protective film, which is removed prior to attachment of the fixing element to the substrate.
  • the adhesive layer has a gel-like adhesive, particularly preferably an adhesive based on synthetic resin and / or natural resin, such as hot melt adhesive.
  • an adhesive is at least partially applied to the surface of the lining panel facing the base.
  • the application the adhesive can be carried out before or after the attachment of the at least one fixing element on the pad.
  • the adhesive is applied to the surface of the cladding panel prior to attachment of the fixation member to the pad, but after insertion of the fixation member into the recess, which is to be secured to the pad.
  • the adhesive layer disposed on the pad-facing surface of the fixing member is brought into contact with the pad, followed by allowing the adhesive between the cladding plate and the pad to harden.
  • Adhesives based on hydraulically or "pozzolanic" hardening minerals such as Portland cement, trass, hydraulic lime, gypsum, alumina cement, lime or mixtures thereof in compact or foamed form.
  • adhesives based on organic, natural polymers such as, for example, cellulose, modified cellulose, starch, casein or mixtures thereof in compact or foamed form.
  • adhesives based on synthetic polymers are found as a solution or as a disperse system, e.g. Polymer dispersions or emulsions in compact or foamed form Use for the purpose of fixing the cladding panel to the substrate.
  • adhesives for herebygernässen application are, for example, adhesives based on reaction resins, which are present as one- or multi-component materials, foamed or compact. Particularly preferred for the application according to the invention are polyurethane foams which are conveyed in a pressure vessel by means of propellant gases and which solidify and / or expand further through the reaction with atmospheric components. Alternatively, adhesives based on polymers that harden in a post-crosslinking process can also be used.
  • the adhesive used is a self-foamable adhesive, for example based on polyurethane.
  • This can be provided for example in a pressure vessel and be sprayed on the construction site by the assembly worker directly on the surface to be glued.
  • the amount of adhesive depends on the size, thickness, material, etc. of the cladding panel, as well as the nature of the pad and can be adjusted according to the circumstances. It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the adhesive is in sausage-shaped strip is applied to the adherend surface of the cladding panel, wherein particularly preferably the adhesive is applied along the edges of the cladding panel, as well as in a cross shape diagonally across the surface. This also has isolation advantages.
  • the adhesive instead of on the cladding panel, additionally or alternatively also be applied to the substrate.
  • a cladding system having the features according to claim 7 for insulation, in particular preferably for thermal insulation of a building. Due to a deformation, preferably an elastic deformation of the fixing and / or the cladding plate between the recess laterally delimiting surfaces and the opposing surfaces of the fixing is a frictional connection.
  • This frictional connection preferably even a clamping, allows adjustment of a relative position of the lining panel by a displacement of the fixing in the recess in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the pad, and preferably also in a direction parallel to the surface of the pad.
  • the second area projects at least partially over the surface facing the pad, or over the surface of the underside of the cladding panel out.
  • an adhesive will be filled into the space, wherein the expansion of the adhesive is limited by the predetermined by said frictional engagement distance.
  • the cladding panel can also be postponed and then adjusted after attachment of the fixing element to the base on the fixing.
  • the fixing preferably has, in particular after its attachment to the pad, in a direction perpendicular to the pad about a certain play in the recess. Between the bottom of the recess and the bottom of the recess facing surface of the fixing element can thus be arranged even in the final position of the cladding plate to the pad, a gap of variable depth. This gap allows, even if the fixing is already frictionally connected to the cladding plate or clamped therein and the fixing is already materially connected to the pad, a possibly necessary subsequent pressing against the pad and / or pulling the fixing of the pad.
  • the fixing element is fastened to the cladding panel only by the frictional connection between the surfaces laterally delimiting the recess and the surfaces of the fixing element lying opposite one another in the vertical direction.
  • the above-described forces act between the said surfaces.
  • the recess has in at least one extent parallel to a surface of the base, preferably in the transverse direction of the cladding panel, a maximum width which is smaller than the width of the fixing element measured in the same extent parallel to the surface of the base, in particular in a range of about 0.5-3 mm smaller, more preferably in a range of about 1-1.5 mm smaller.
  • the material of the cladding panel and / or the fixing element is deformable, preferably elastically deformable. This allows in general an introduction of the fixing element, if its width is greater than the width of the Recess, and a frictional engagement or a clamping of the fixing in the recess.
  • the cladding panel has at least one, preferably two, preferably substantially parallel recesses, wherein each recess is preferably designed as a straight longitudinal groove. This extends in particular over the entire length of the cladding panel substantially parallel to an upper edge and lower edge of the cladding panel in the horizontal direction.
  • the fixing element before and / or after its attachment to the pad in the Nutverlaufslegi in the recess displaceable, and also relative to a previously fixed, laterally adjacent cladding plate back and forth.
  • the position of the cladding panel to a predetermined ideal position which is determined in particular by a previously attached adjacent cladding panel, at least in a horizontal direction, and preferably due to the game of the fixing in the recess in be adapted to a direction across the substrate.
  • the panel is brought by the displaceability of the fixing in the recess of the trim panel in contact with and in the desired relative position to the adjacent, previously fixed trim panel, so that the adjacent edges of the trim panels are flush with each other and the adjacent surfaces of the respective adjacent trim panels are aligned ,
  • the cladding panel can also be cut to length or cut to size. Such blanks can also be made on site as needed.
  • the cladding panel is fixed in the attached state, in addition to the attachment by means of the fixing element, by an adhesive, preferably by a self-foamable adhesive, for example based on polyurethane, on the substrate.
  • the force which is to be used to displace the fixing element in the recess is preferably greater than the driving force or expansion force of the adhesive applied between the lining plate and the base.
  • the adhesion force of the cohesive connection or the adhesive layer between the fixing element and the base is preferably greater than the clamping force between the fixing element and the cover plate, or the force that must be expended in order to effect a displacement of the fixing element in the recess the fixing element is maximally received in the recess, preferably more than 10 N, in particular more preferably more than 40 N larger.
  • This adhesive force between the fixing element and the base is preferably in the range of 160-260 N, and is particularly preferably about 240 N, this force u.a. depends on the material of the cladding panel, as well as the material and size of the fixing element, and also how deep the fixing element is received in the recess, and also of any additional load on the cladding panel.
  • the trim panel can also be replaced due to this power ratio, without the fixing need to be solved by the pad.
  • the cohesive connection between the base and the fixing element is effected in particular by an adhesive layer on the surface of the fixing element facing the base to be covered.
  • This adhesive layer preferably comprises a gelatinous adhesive, more preferably a synthetic resin and / or natural resin based adhesive, e.g. Hotmelt adhesive.
  • the cladding panel used for the cladding system according to the invention preferably has an open-pore and / or closed-pore material.
  • the cladding panel may be at least partially made of polystyrene, in particular of expanded polystyrene (EPS) or extruded polystyrene (XPS).
  • EPS expanded polystyrene
  • XPS extruded polystyrene
  • another cladding or insulating material may also be selected.
  • the following materials are suitable for external wall insulation: polystyrene, e.g. expanded polystyrene (EPS) or extruded polystyrene (XPS), as well as polyurethane (PUR).
  • EPS expanded polystyrene
  • XPS extruded polystyrene
  • PUR polyurethane
  • other organic foams may be used, for example, as well as rock wool, glass wool, foam glass, wood-based products, cork, vacuum insulation materials,
  • the fixing element is formed substantially of the same material as the cladding panel.
  • the fixing element is in a particularly preferred embodiment as a block of cuboid or cylindrical shape configured, which in particular has a rectangular, square, round or elliptical floor plan.
  • other shapes can also be used if they bring construction-related advantages.
  • Fig. 1 is a to a base 2, for example on an outer wall, to be fastened trim panel 1 is shown.
  • the measured perpendicular to the surface 2a of the pad 2 thickness d2 of the cladding panel 1 is in the range of 120-200 mm, wherein the measured parallel to the surface 2a of the pad 2 width b2 of the cladding panel in the range of 400-600 mm.
  • the Fig. 3 designated length 12 of the cladding panel 1, which is measured perpendicular to the width b2 parallel to the surface of the base 2, is preferably in the range of 1000-1300 mm.
  • Cladding panels are usually mounted in a horizontal row, with several such horizontal rows are vertically stacked, for example, in a clad building exterior wall.
  • the mounting direction preferably corresponds to the Nutverlaufsraum R1.
  • the cladding panel 1 has two recesses 3.
  • Each recess 3 in the underside 11b of the cladding panel 1 is downwards, ie closed to the top 11a of the cladding panel 1, ie it is an open groove or a blind hole with a bottom 3c.
  • the recess 3 is bounded laterally by at least two opposing surfaces 3a, 3b.
  • the width b3 of the recess 3, respectively the distance between the two opposite, the recess laterally bounding surfaces 3a, 3b is 15-25 mm.
  • the depth t3 of the recess 3, ie the distance from the opening on the surface 11b facing the pad 2, ie on the bottom 11b of the lining plate 1, to the bottom 3c of the recess is 25-50 mm, measured in a direction perpendicular to the surface 2a of the pad 2.
  • the depth is t3.
  • the recess is about 3 mm smaller than the height h1 of the fixing element 4.
  • the depth t3 of the recess 3 is greater than the width b3.
  • the two recesses 3 or grooves are arranged distributed over the width b2 of the cladding panel 1 such that the width b2 is substantially divided by the grooves 3. Any other conditions are possible, wherein the distance A1 of the groove 3 from the edge of the plate is at least about 3-5 cm.
  • a first, lower fixing element 4 is used, wherein a first region 4e of the fixing element shown in dashed lines 4 is received in the lower recess 3 as shown, while a second region 4f of the fixing element 4 on the surface 2 facing the base 11 of Panel panel 1 sticks out.
  • the inserted fixing element 4 has an adhesive layer 5 on its surface 4b facing the base 2.
  • the bottom 3c of the recess 3 facing surface 4a of the fixing element 4 does not touch the bottom 3c of the recess 3 as shown.
  • the fixing element 4 is a certain play or a gap 12 is available, which allows a displacement of the fixing element 4 in the recess 3 in a direction transverse to the base 2.
  • the width b1 of the fixing element 4 used ie the distance from the one laterally delimiting surface 4c in the transverse direction Q, to the opposite delimiting surface 4d of the fixing element 4, is in the range of 16-26 mm.
  • the height h1 of the fixing element 4 is in the range of 27-54 mm.
  • the length 11 of the fixing element 4 is in the range of 40-120 mm.
  • the width b3 of the recess is 0.5-3 mm smaller, in particular in a range of 1-1.5 mm smaller, formed as the width b1 of the fixing, as well as in Fig. 1 shown.
  • the fixing element 4 is clamped in its first region 4e in the recess 3 at least on the two surfaces 4c, 4d which lie opposite one another in the transverse direction Q. Under clamping here is at least the presence of a frictional connection to understand.
  • the fixing element 4 is thus displaceably mounted in the recess under force. So that the fixing element 3 with its greater width b2 can be inserted into the recess 3 at all, the fixing element 4 and / or the lining plate 1 is at least partially deformable or elastically deformable.
  • the fixing element 4 is not yet introduced into the recess 3.
  • the adhesive layer 5 on the pad 2 facing surface 4b of the pad 2 facing the second region 4f still has a non-adhesive protective layer 5a in order to protect the adhesive layer 5 from drying out and / or to prevent unwanted premature fixing of the fixing elements 4 in undesired positions.
  • the direction of insertion of the fixing block 4 in the recess 3 is shown with a dotted arrow.
  • the dotted arrow shown between the cladding panel 1 and the pad indicates the direction in which the cladding panel 1 is moved toward the wall to effect fixing of the fixing members 4 by means of their adhesive layers 5.
  • the top 11a of the trim panel 1 is closed in the illustrated embodiment, i. designed without cuts or grooves.
  • Fig. 2 two cuboid Fixierblöcke 4 are shown.
  • the two mutually parallel recesses 3 are formed as straight longitudinal grooves which extend in the longitudinal direction L of the cladding panel 1 to the edge of the cladding panel 1.
  • the Fixierblöcke 4 are also not used according to this illustration to the bottom 3 c of the longitudinal groove 3 in the respective longitudinal groove 3. This leads to an intermediate space 12 between the bottom 3c of the longitudinal groove 3 and the surface 4a of the fixing element 4 facing the bottom 3c.
  • the two fixing elements 4 shown protrude beyond the edge of the lining panel 1 in the groove running direction R1.
  • the fixing elements 4 protrude in a direction perpendicular to the slot running direction R1 and perpendicular to the base 2 beyond the surface 11 facing the base or out of the longitudinal groove 3.
  • the two fixing blocks 4 are shown here without an adhesive layer 5.
  • Fig. 3 is a cladding panel 1 of rectangular outline according to a preferred embodiment of the bottom, ie, with respect to the bottom 11 b, shown. This has two parallel to each other, over the entire length 12 of the cladding panel 1 extending deep cuts 6, and two parallel over the entire width b2 of the cladding panel 1 extending deep cuts 7.
  • an incision 6 intersect in the longitudinal direction L of the cladding panel 1 with two incisions 7 in the transverse direction Q of the cladding panel 1 and vice versa.
  • the incisions 6, 7 serve the deformability of the material.
  • due to unevenness of the pad as well as eg due to installation-related Stresses occurring gaps, especially in Nutverlaufsraum or assembly direction avoided.
  • Fig. 4 are, in a view from the base 2 forth on the bottom 11b and into the longitudinal grooves 3 inside, two cladding panels 1a, 1b shown with such longitudinally extending L incisions 6 and in the transverse direction Q of the cladding panel 1 extending incisions 7.
  • the cladding panels 1 are narrower, ie formed with a smaller length 12 than in the embodiment of Fig. 3 ,
  • Cladding panel 1a shown on the left is the cladding panel to be mounted or mounted beforehand. Since no further cladding panel 1 adjoins it to the left, the two fixing elements 4 do not protrude beyond the illustrated left edge of the cladding panel 1 a, but are received completely in the longitudinal groove 3 with respect to their length 11. However, two fixing elements 4 are arranged on the side 8 to be fastened next to the facing panel 1 b, which stand out beyond the edge of the first panel 1 a mounted. Due to these two protruding fixing elements 4, the in Fig. 4 shown on the right, next to be fastened trim panel 1b are pushed onto the protruding portions of the two already firmly attached to the wall fixing elements 4. This second cladding panel 1b in turn has two projecting fixing elements 4 on its side facing the next cladding panel to be mounted.
  • the position of the second trim panel 1b can then be adjusted to the position of the first trim panel 1a.
  • the fixing element 4 is thus both in a direction perpendicular to the base 2, as well in Nutverlaufscardi R1 slidably mounted in the groove 3.
  • the second or further following cladding panel 1 b can be adjusted to the previous, until the edges and surfaces with those of the previously mounted cladding panel 1a are flush.
  • the fixing element 4 has clearance 12 in the groove 3, ie it does not necessarily have to touch the bottom of the groove 3 in the final position of the cladding plate 1, which is between the surface 4a of the fixing element 4 facing the bottom 3c of the groove 3 and the bottom 3c of the groove 3 leads to a gap 12.
  • each fixing element 4 is covered by a hatched adhesive layer 5, which serves the cohesive connection of the fixing element 4 on the base 2.
  • fastening system is the cladding panel 1 by means of fixing blocks 4 as well as by means of an adhesive 10, or a foam adhesive, attached to the pad 2.
  • Both the adhesive 10 between the cladding panel 1 and the pad 2, as well as the adhesive layer 5 between the fixing elements 4 and the pad 2 provide a cohesive connection.
  • the adhesive 10 when a foam adhesive or adhesive foam is used as the adhesive 10, it expands after application to the trim panel 1 or to the base 2 until it cures, which can lead to a pressing of the trim panel 1 of the pad 2.
  • the attachment of the fixing elements 4 to the trim panel 1 withstands this propulsion pressure.
  • an expansion of the adhesive foam 10 beyond the desired position is prevented by the frictional engagement or the clamping effect between two opposing surfaces 4c, 4d of the fixing element 4 and two opposing surfaces 3a, 3b of the groove 3.
  • the trim panel 1 is prevented from changing its relative position to the base 2 and / or the adjacent trim panels 1, the distance A2 between the trim panel 1 and the base 2 being large enough to allow some expansion of the foam adhesive.
  • This distance A2 can be selected during assembly of the cladding panels 1 and even after the attachment of the fixing elements 4 on the pad 2 can be set later.
  • FIG. 6 For example, a selection of different possible floor plans for fixing elements 4 are shown schematically in a plan view, wherein other shapes are possible, which could offer any material-dependent or construction-specific advantages.
  • FIG. 6a the square outline of a cubic Fixierblocks 4 is shown while Fig. 6b a round outline of a cylindrical Fixierblocks 4 shows.
  • Fig. 6c shows a triangular floor plan, Fig. 6d a rectangular plan of a cuboid fixing 4.
  • Fig. 6e is a dumbbell-shaped floor plan, and in Fig. 6f a polygonal plan view of a polyhedral fixing element 3, while in Fig. 6g a substantially cross-shaped floor plan is shown.
  • the fixing elements 4 may also have additional structures on their periphery, e.g. Grooves, incisions, notches, or widened or tapered areas, etc. have.

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Description

TECHNISCHES GEBIETTECHNICAL AREA

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein System zur Befestigung von Verkleidungsplatten in oder an Gebäuden, wie von Dämmplatten, insbesondere Wärmedämmplatten, z.B. für die Aussenwand-, Innenwand-, Decken- und/oder Dachdämmung.The present invention relates to a system for fixing cladding panels in or on buildings, such as insulating panels, in particular thermal insulation panels, e.g. for exterior wall, interior wall, ceiling and / or roof insulation.

STAND DER TECHNIKSTATE OF THE ART

Um durch Gebäudeheizungen erzeugte Wärmeenergie zu sparen, werden Gebäude derart konstruiert, dass deren Wände eine minimale Wärmeleitfähigkeit haben. Für diesen Zweck werden in der Regel Bauelemente aus porösen Baustoffen vorgesehen. Zur Wärmedämmung von Neu- und Altbauten wird üblicherweise auf ein Mauerwerk zunächst eine Wärmedämmplatte, insbesondere aus expandiertem Polystyrol-Hartschaum, Mineralwolle oder Steinwolllamelle aufgebracht.In order to save heat energy generated by building heating systems, buildings are constructed in such a way that their walls have minimal thermal conductivity. For this purpose, components made of porous building materials are usually provided. For thermal insulation of new and old buildings is usually applied to a masonry first a thermal insulation board, in particular expanded polystyrene foam, mineral wool or stone wool lamella.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind verschiedene Fixiersysteme für solche Verkleidungsplatten bekannt.Various fixing systems for such cladding panels are known from the prior art.

In der DE 10 2006 060538 A1 sind zum Beispiel Halterungssysteme mittels Spreizdübeln offenbart.In the DE 10 2006 060538 A1 For example, support systems are disclosed by means of expansion anchors.

Statt einer mechanischen Fixierung kann die Verkleidungsplatte gemäss einem konventionellen Befestigungsverfahren mittels einer Klebemasse mit der Wand verbunden werden, beispielsweise mittels eines Schaumklebers, wie z.B. in der EP 1 039 058 A1 offenbart.Instead of a mechanical fixation, the cladding panel can be connected to the wall according to a conventional attachment method by means of an adhesive, for example by means of a foam adhesive, such as in the EP 1 039 058 A1 disclosed.

Bei der Verwendung von Klebemassen zur Befestigung der Verkleidungsplatte an der Unterlage stellt sich das Problem, dass kein kraftschlüssiger Verbund von Anfang an mit dem Untergrund vorliegt. Die Aushärtungszeit muss somit mit einer zusätzlichen Befestigung überbrückt werden, wobei diese zusätzlichen Befestigungsmittel vorzugsweise auch nach der Aushärtezeit im Befestigungssystem verbleiben.When using adhesives for fastening the cladding panel to the substrate, there is the problem that there is no frictional bond from the beginning with the substrate. The curing time must thus be bridged with an additional attachment, wherein these additional attachment means preferably remain after the curing time in the fastening system.

Zur Klebebefestigung von Dämmplatten werden als dauerhaftes, kraftschlüssiges Verbindungsmaterial Klebeschäume, wie z.B. auf Polyurethan-Basis, verwendet. Polyurethane haften ausgezeichnet auf fast allen Untergründen, die im Bauwesen vorkommen. Sie sind einfach verarbeitbar, zäh, elastisch und übertragen Schub- und Zugkräfte zuverlässig auch unter thermischen Einflüssen.Adhesive foams, such as those based on polyurethane, are used as permanent, non-positive connection material for adhesive bonding of insulating boards. Polyurethanes adhere perfectly to almost all substrates found in construction. They are easy to process, tough, elastic and transfer thrust and Tensile forces reliable even under thermal influences.

Durch die Reaktionsfähigkeit der in der Vorstufe vorliegenden Isocyanatgruppe lassen sich Polyurethanmonomere und Oligomere mit Wasser zu einem inerten, dauerhaften Kunststoff vernetzen. Nachteilig dabei ist allerdings, dass die Isocyanatgruppe mit Wasser in einer Kondensationsreaktion unter Abspaltung von gasförmigem Kohlendioxid zu einem Polyhamstoff erhärtet. Das gebildete Kohlendioxid treibt den, in dieser Phase noch plastischen, Klebstoff weiter auf und führt zu einer Expansion der Klebeschicht. Diese unvermeidbare Reaktion / Expansion führt dazu, dass verklebte Bauteile in der Regel ihre vorgesehene Position verändern, wenn sie nicht zumindest temporär mechanisch fixiert sind. Somit haben selbstschäumende Klebeschäume den Nachteil, dass sich die verklebten Verkleidungsplatten aufgrund einer Nachexpansion des zwischen der Verkleidungsplatte und dem Untergrund aufgetragenen Klebeschaums auf unkontrollierte Art vom Untergrund abdrücken. Je nach Menge und Anordnung des aufgetragenen Klebeschaums, sowie der inkonsistenten Beschaffenheit des Untergrunds, kann es sein, dass benachbarte Verkleidungsplatten nach dem Aushärten des Klebeschaums nicht mehr bündig und nicht mehr parallel zum Untergrund ausgerichtet sind.Due to the reactivity of the isocyanate group present in the precursor, polyurethane monomers and oligomers can be crosslinked with water to form an inert, durable plastic. The disadvantage here, however, is that the isocyanate group hardens with water in a condensation reaction with elimination of gaseous carbon dioxide to form a polyurea. The formed carbon dioxide drives the, in this phase still plastic, adhesive on and leads to an expansion of the adhesive layer. This unavoidable reaction / expansion causes bonded components usually to change their intended position, if they are not at least temporarily mechanically fixed. Thus, self-foaming adhesive foams have the disadvantage that the glued cladding panels press off in an uncontrolled manner from the substrate due to a post-expansion of the adhesive foam applied between the cladding panel and the substrate. Depending on the amount and arrangement of the applied adhesive foam, as well as the inconsistent nature of the substrate, it may be that adjacent cladding panels are no longer aligned flush and no longer parallel to the substrate after curing of the adhesive foam.

Die EP 1 640 521 A1 löst dieses Problem mittels winkelförmigen Befestigungselementen, wobei ein Schenkel an die Wand geklebt wird, während der zweite Schenkel mit Stiften an der Dämmplatte fixiert wird. Zur Realisierung dieser Lösung ist jedoch eine vorgängige Spezialanfertigung der Dämmplatte nötig, da die Dämmplatte zur Aufnahme des Winkelschenkels eine Abstufung in der Oberseite der Platte aufweisen muss. Bei Verwendung einer herkömmlichen gestossenen Dämmplatte in Kombination mit dem Fixiersystem der EP 1 640 521 A1 würde sich ohne diese spezielle Abstufung die Dicke des Fixierwinkels unzulässig aufbauen und die entstandenen Spalten würden zu Wärmebrücken führen, sowie z.B. eine nachfolgende Armierungsmasse unzulässig tief in die Spalten eindringen lassen. Zudem entstehen durch die mehrfache Abstufung der Dämmstoffplatten gegenüber herkömmlichen Standardplatten erhöhte Kosten bei der Herstellung. Darüber hinaus sind aufgrund der nur einseitig vorhandenen Stufenfalze die mehrfach gestuften Dämmplatten nur horizontal und in exakter Passfolge anwendbar.The EP 1 640 521 A1 solves this problem by means of angle-shaped fasteners, wherein a leg is glued to the wall, while the second leg is fixed with pins on the insulation board. To realize this solution, however, a prior custom design of the insulation board is necessary because the insulation board for receiving the angle leg must have a gradation in the top of the plate. When using a conventional pushed insulation board in combination with the fixing system of EP 1 640 521 A1 Without this special graduation, the thickness of the fixing would build inadmissible and the resulting gaps would lead to thermal bridges, as well as, for example, let a subsequent reinforcing material impermissibly penetrate deep into the gaps. In addition, caused by the multiple gradation of insulation boards compared to conventional standard plates increased costs in the production. In addition, due to the only one-sided Stufenfalze the multi-layered insulation boards are only horizontally applicable and in exact pass sequence.

Die genannten Fixierwinkel mit den dazugehörigen Kunststoffnägeln sind auf der Baustelle nicht ohne Probleme zu handhaben. Mit dichten Handschuhen, die bei der Applikation von Klebeschäumen, z.B. Polyurethan-Schäumen, zwingend vorgeschrieben sind, ist die praxisgerechte Verwendung in Frage zu stellen.The said fixing with the associated plastic nails are not on the job site to handle without problems. With tight gloves, which are mandatory when applying adhesive foams, eg polyurethane foams are the practice-oriented use in question.

Als weiterer Nachteil des Standes der Technik ist festzustellen, dass einmal fixierte Verkleidungsplatten nicht mehr verschiebbar sind, d.h. die Position einer Platte, wenn sie einmal mit derri Winkel an der Wand fixiert ist, kann nicht mehr auskorrigiert werden. In der Praxis jedoch ist bekannt, dass nach erstmaliger Positionierung von Dämmstoffen, insbesondere bei bereits aufgetragener Klebemasse, eine weitere Justierung die Regel ist, und zwar auch wenn bereits mehrere horizontale Lagen übereinander appliziert worden sind.A further disadvantage of the prior art is that once fixed cladding panels are no longer displaceable, i. The position of a plate, once fixed at the angle to the wall, can not be corrected. In practice, however, it is known that after initial positioning of insulating materials, especially with already applied adhesive, a further adjustment is the rule, even if several horizontal layers have already been applied one above the other.

Dokument EP 1 621 693 A2 offenbart ein Verfahren zur Befestigung einer Verkleidungsplatte mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 und ein Verkleidungssystem mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 7.document EP 1 621 693 A2 discloses a method for fixing a cladding panel having the features of the preamble of claim 1 and a cladding system having the features of the preamble of claim 7.

DARSTELLUNG DER ERFINDUNGPRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

Die zugrunde liegende Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, die Nachteile aus dem Stand der Technik zu überwinden. Somit wird ein System zur Befestigung von Verkleidungsplatten an einer Unterlage, die zusätzlich mittels einer Klebemasse an der Unterlage zu fixieren sind, gesucht, welches eine einfache und kostengünstige Voranfertigung der Bauteile erlaubt, welches bei unterschiedlichen Typen von standardisierten Verkleidungsplatten anwendbar ist und auf der Baustelle einfach zu realisieren ist. Dabei soll das Befestigungssystem eine z.B. durch Expansion oder Bewegung einer Klebemasse verursachte Positionsänderung der Verkleidungsplatte auf der Unterlage verhindern.The underlying object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art. Thus, a system for attaching cladding panels to a substrate, which are additionally to be fixed by means of an adhesive to the substrate, is sought, which allows a simple and inexpensive prefabrication of the components, which is applicable to different types of standardized cladding panels and easy on site to realize. In this case, the fastening system should be a e.g. prevent positional change of the trim panel on the base caused by expansion or movement of an adhesive.

Die vorliegende Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe, indem ein Verfahren zur Befestigung einer Verkleidungsplatte auf einer Unterlage zur Verfügung gestellt wird, insbesondere zur Dämmung, insbesondere bevorzugt zur Wärmedämmung an und/oder in einem Gebäude bzw. an einem Gebäudeteil. Das erfindungsgemässe System bzw. Verfahren kann sowohl bei der Anbringung von Verkleidungsplatten an Aussenwänden von Gebäuden und mobilen Räumen Anwendung finden, als auch an (Innen-) Wänden und Decken in Gebäuden und mobilen Räumen, sowie an Bauteilen, die zu einem Gebäudeteil oder einem mobilen Raum zusammengefügt werden sollen. Des Weiteren ist die Applikation von Verkleidungsplatten auf Dächern von Gebäuden oder mobilen Räumen denkbar. Als Unterlage im Sinne dieser Erfindung kann somit beispielsweise eine Aussenwand, Innenwand, Decke, oder eine Dachfläche verstanden werden. Beim Material der Unterlage kann es sich je nach Anwendungsbereich beispielsweise um Mauersteine, Metallplatten, Beton, Naturhölzer, Schichtholzplatten, Kunststoffplatten, Gipskartonplatten oder Bauplatten handeln. Dabei kann die Unterlage unbeschichtet sein oder beschichtet sein, beispielsweise mit Putzen, Farben, Lacken, Grundierungen etc., oder Kombinationen davon.The present invention solves this problem by providing a method for fixing a cladding panel on a substrate, in particular for insulation, particularly preferably for thermal insulation on and / or in a building or on a building part. The system or method according to the invention can be applied both to the mounting of cladding panels on the outer walls of buildings and mobile rooms, as well as to (interior) walls and ceilings in buildings and mobile rooms, as well as to components that are part of a building or a mobile Room should be joined together. Furthermore, the application of cladding panels on roofs of buildings or mobile spaces is conceivable. As a support in the sense of this invention, thus, for example, an outer wall, inner wall, ceiling, or a roof surface can be understood. Depending on the area of application, the material of the base can be, for example, bricks, metal plates, concrete, natural wood, plywood boards, plastic boards, plasterboard or building boards. In this case, the pad may be uncoated or coated, for example, with plasters, paints, varnishes, primers, etc., or combinations thereof.

Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren weist die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 auf. Es weist unter anderem mindestens die folgenden Schritte auf, deren Reihenfolge aber nicht zwingend an die hier angegebene gebunden ist:

  • das Bereitstellen einer Dämmstoffplatte, insbesondere bevorzugt einer Wärmedämmplatte. Diese Verkleidungsplatte weist wenigstens eine in einer der zu verkleidenden Unterlage zugewandten Fläche angeordnete, nach unten hin, in ihrer Tiefe, d.h. zur Oberseite der Platte hin, mit einem Boden geschlossene und zur Unterlage hin offene Ausnehmung auf. Diese einseitig geschlossene Ausnehmung dient der mindestens teilweisen Aufnahme eines Fixierelements. Die Ausnehmung hat zudem wenigstens zwei einander gegenüberliegende und die Ausnehmung seitlich begrenzende, und bevorzugt zueinander parallele Flächen.
  • das Bereitstellen mindestens eines Fixierelements mit einem der Verkleidungsplatte zugewandten ersten Bereich und einem der Unterlage zugewandten zweiten Bereich. Das Fixierelement weist ferner wenigstens zwei seitliche, einander gegenüberliegende, und bevorzugt zueinander parallele Flächen auf. Eine der zu verkleidenden Unterlage zugewandte Fläche des zweiten Bereichs des Fixierelements ist auf der Unterlage stoffschlüssig befestigbar. Dabei ist die Distanz zwischen den einander gegenüberliegenden seitlichen Flächen des Fixierelements mindestens gleich gross wie die Distanz zwischen den einander gegenüberliegenden, die Ausnehmung seitlich begrenzenden Flächen.
  • ein wenigstens teilweises Einführen des ersten Bereichs des Fixierelements in die Ausnehmung der Verkleidungsplatte. Aufgrund einer, vorzugsweise elastischen, Verformung des Fixierelements und/oder der Verkleidungsplatte zwischen den die Ausnehmung seitlich begrenzenden Flächen und den einander gegenüberliegenden seitlichen Flächen des Fixierelements, wird dabei eine reibschlüssige Verbindung zwischen diesen Flächen aufgebaut. Der zweite Bereich des Fixierelements ragt mindestens teilweise über die der Unterlage zugewandte Fläche, bzw. die Unterseite der Verkleidungsplatte hinaus. Dabei ist die Höhe des Fixierelements normalerweise mindestens gleich gross wie die Tiefe der Ausnehmung;
  • eine stoffschlüssige Befestigung des Fixierelements auf der Unterlage; und
  • eine Einstellung der Relativposition der Verkleidungsplatte zur Unterlage und/oder zu einer vorgängig befestigten Verkleidungsplatte mittels einer Verschiebung des Fixierelements in der Ausnehmung. Das Fixierelement ist dabei vorzugsweise in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Unterlage und optional in einer Richtung parallel zur Unterlage bzw. in einer Nutverlaufsrichtung verschieblich. Die Verschiebung kann vor und/oder bevorzugt nach der Befestigung des Fixierelements an der Unterlage erfolgen. Für die Verschiebbarkeit senkrecht zur Oberfläche der Unterlage verfügt das Fixierelement vorzugsweise, auch nach seiner Befestigung an der Unterlage, in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Unterlage über ein gewisses Spiel in der Ausnehmung, d.h. es kann ein Zwischenraum zwischen dem Boden der Ausnehmung und der dem Boden der Ausnehmung zugewandten Fläche des Fixierelements vorliegen, der je nach Positionierung der Verkleidungsplatte und je nach gewünschtem Abstand der Verkleidungsplatte zur Unterlage bzw. je nach Einstecktiefe des Fixierelements in der Ausnehmung variabel einstellbar ist.
The inventive method has the features of claim 1. Among other things, it has at least the following steps, but their order is not necessarily bound to the one specified here:
  • the provision of an insulation board, in particular preferably a thermal insulation board. This cladding panel has at least one arranged in one of the surface to be clad surface facing downwards, in its depth, ie towards the top of the plate, closed with a bottom and open towards the pad recess. This one-sided closed recess serves for at least partially receiving a fixing element. The recess also has at least two surfaces lying opposite each other and laterally delimiting the recess, and preferably parallel to one another.
  • providing at least one fixing element with a first region facing the cladding plate and a second region facing the base. The fixing element furthermore has at least two lateral, opposing, and preferably mutually parallel surfaces. One of the surface to be coated pad facing surface of the second region of the fixing is firmly bonded to the substrate. In this case, the distance between the opposite lateral surfaces of the fixing element is at least the same size as the distance between the mutually opposite, the recess laterally bounding surfaces.
  • at least partially inserting the first area of the fixing element into the recess of the cladding panel. Due to a, preferably elastic, deformation of the fixing element and / or the cladding plate between the recess laterally delimiting surfaces and the opposite lateral surfaces of the fixing, while a frictional connection between these surfaces is constructed. The second region of the fixing element protrudes at least partially beyond the surface facing the base, or the underside of the cladding panel. The height of the fixing element is normally at least equal to the depth of the recess;
  • a cohesive attachment of the fixing on the pad; and
  • an adjustment of the relative position of the cladding panel to the substrate and / or to a previously fixed cladding panel by means of a displacement of the fixing element in the recess. The fixing element is preferably displaceable in a direction perpendicular to the base and optionally in a direction parallel to the base or in a Nutverlaufsrichtung. The displacement can take place before and / or preferably after the attachment of the fixing element to the base. For the displaceability perpendicular to the surface of the pad, the fixing preferably has, even after its attachment to the pad, in a direction perpendicular to the pad about a certain play in the recess, ie there may be a gap between the bottom of the recess and the bottom of the Recess facing surface of the fixing element are present, which is variably adjustable depending on the positioning of the cladding panel and depending on the desired distance of the cladding panel to the pad or depending on the insertion depth of the fixing in the recess.

Kern der Erfindung ist u.a., dass aufgrund des Reibschlusses, vorzugsweise der Klemmung zwischen den die Ausnehmung seitlich begrenzenden Flächen und den einander gegenüberliegenden seitlichen Flächen des Fixierelements eine Verschieblichkeit des Fixierelements entlang einer oder sogar zwei Dimensionen ohne Verlust der Verbindung des Fixierelements mit der Verkleidungsplatte ermöglicht wird, insbesondere auch nach der Befestigung des Fixierelements an der Unterlage.Core of the invention is, inter alia, that due to the frictional engagement, preferably the clamping between the recess laterally delimiting surfaces and the opposite lateral surfaces of the fixing a displaceability of the fixing along one or even two dimensions without loss of connection of the fixing is made possible with the cladding panel , Especially after the attachment of the fixing element to the pad.

Das Fixierelement wird also in die Ausnehmung eingeschoben, bis ein reibschlüssiger Kontakt der besagten seitlichen Flächen des Fixierelements mit den besagten seitlichen Flächen der Ausnehmung erreicht wird. Durch die vorzugsweise elastische Verformbarkeit des Materials wird das Fixierelement in der Ausnehmung vorzugsweise eingeklemmt. Mit dem Begriff "Verformbarkeit" ist gemeint, dass das Fixierelement ohne einen wesentlichen Kraftaufwand nicht einfach in der Ausnehmung verschiebbar ist. In der Regel wird der Reibschluss oder die Klemmung durch eine elastische Deformation mindestens eines der beiden am Reibschluss beteiligten Flächen bzw. Bauteile erzeugt. Das Fixierelement kann unter Kraftaufwand auf kontrollierte Art je nach dem gewünschten Abstand der Verkleidungsplatte von der Unterlage in die Ausnehmung hinein oder weiter aus der Ausnehmung heraus gezogen werden, sowie vorzugsweise auch in einer Richtung parallel zur Unterlage verschoben werden, bleibt aber dabei immer reibschlüssig befestigt. Dies erlaubt auch nach der Befestigung des Fixierelements an der Unterlage eine nachträgliche Justierung der Position der Verkleidungsplatte. Dazu ist die Adhäsionskraft der stoffschlüssigen Verbindung bzw. der Klebeschicht zwischen dem Fixierelement und der Unterlage sinnvollerweise grösser als der Reibschluss bzw. die Klemmkraft zwischen dem Fixierelement und der Verkleidungsplatte, bzw. generell die Kraft, die aufgewendet werden muss, um eine Verschiebung des Fixierelements in der Ausnehmung zu bewirken. Sollte die zusätzliche Befestigung mittels einer aufschäumbaren Klebemasse zur stoffschlüssigen Verbindung der Verkleidungsplatte an der Unterlage erfolgen, so kann der Reibschluss bzw. die Klemmung des Fixierelements in der Ausnehmung der Verkleidungsplatte eine zusätzliche vorteilhafte Wirkung zeigen, indem die Klemmwirkung eine aufgrund vom Treibdruck des Klebeschaums auftretende Positionsveränderung der Verkleidungsplatte verhindert. Die Kraft, die zur Verschiebung des Fixierelements aufgewendet werden muss ist dabei vorzugsweise grösser als die Treibkraft, respektive Expansionskraft der Klebemasse zwischen der Verkleidungsplatte und der Unterlage.The fixing element is thus inserted into the recess until frictional contact of the said lateral surfaces of the fixing element with the said lateral surfaces of the recess is achieved. Due to the preferably elastic deformability of the material, the fixing element is preferably clamped in the recess. By the term "deformability" is meant that the fixing element is not easily displaced in the recess without a substantial force. As a rule, the frictional engagement or the clamping is produced by an elastic deformation of at least one of the two surfaces or components involved in the frictional engagement. The fixing can be pulled under force in a controlled manner depending on the desired distance of the cladding plate from the pad into the recess or further out of the recess, and preferably also be moved in a direction parallel to the pad, but it always remains frictionally attached. This allows a subsequent even after attachment of the fixing element to the substrate Adjustment of the position of the panel. For this purpose, the adhesion of the cohesive connection or the adhesive layer between the fixing and the pad is usefully greater than the frictional engagement or the clamping force between the fixing and the trim panel, or generally the force that must be applied to a displacement of the fixing in cause the recess. If the additional attachment by means of a foamable adhesive for cohesive connection of the cladding plate to the pad, the frictional engagement or the clamping of the fixing in the recess of the cladding panel can show an additional advantageous effect by the clamping action occurring due to the driving pressure of the adhesive foam position change prevents the panel plate. The force that must be expended for the displacement of the fixing element is preferably greater than the driving force, respectively expansion force of the adhesive between the cladding panel and the base.

Bei der Ausnehmung, von der vorzugsweise mindestens zwei pro Verkleidungsplatte vorhanden sind, kann es sich beispielsweise um ein Sackloch oder eine offene Nut handeln, vorzugsweise um eine gerade Längsnut, welche sich über die gesamte Länge der Verkleidungsplatte erstreckt.The recess, of which at least two are preferably present per cladding panel, may be, for example, a blind hole or an open groove, preferably a straight longitudinal groove which extends over the entire length of the cladding panel.

Die das Fixierelement seitlich begrenzenden, einander gegenüberliegenden Flächen können auch ineinander übergehen, wie dies z.B. im Falle eines zylindrischen Fixierelements der Fall sein kann. Ebenso können die beiden die Ausnehmung seitlich begrenzenden, einander gegenüberliegenden Flächen ineinander übergehen, wie dies z.B. im Falle eines zylindrischen Sacklochs der Fall sein kann.The fixing surfaces laterally delimiting, opposing surfaces can also merge into each other, as for example. in the case of a cylindrical fixing element may be the case. Likewise, the two side surfaces delimiting the recess may merge into each other, as shown e.g. in the case of a cylindrical blind hole may be the case.

Die Verkleidungsplatte weist eine Längsrichtung und eine Querrichtung, sowie eine Oberseite und eine Unterseite auf. Bei einer an einer Unterlage befestigten Verkleidungsplatte weist die Unterseite der Verkleidungsplatte zur Unterlage hin.The trim panel has a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction, as well as an upper side and a lower side. In a cladding panel attached to a base, the underside of the cladding panel faces the base.

Während die Unterseite der Verkleidungsplatte mindestens eine Ausnehmung aufweist, ist die Oberseite der Verkleidungsplatte vorzugsweise geschlossen, d.h. ohne der Aufnahme von Fixierelementen dienende Ausnehmungen ausgestaltet. Dabei kann die Unterseite und/oder die Oberseite mit mindestens einem Einschnitt, vorzugsweise mehreren Einschnitten, versehen sein. Einschnitte dienen der Verformbarkeit des Materials, bzw. der Vermeidung von Spalten, insbesondere in Nutverlaufsrichtung bzw. Montagerichtung, die beispielsweise aufgrund von Unebenheiten der Unterlage oder aufgrund von montagebedingten Beanspruchungen auftreten können.While the underside of the cladding panel has at least one recess, the upper side of the cladding panel is preferably closed, ie configured without recesses serving to receive fixing elements. In this case, the underside and / or the top can be provided with at least one cut, preferably several cuts. Incisions serve the deformability of the material, or the Prevention of gaps, especially in Nutverlaufsrichtung or assembly direction, which may occur, for example due to unevenness of the pad or due to assembly-related stresses.

Die Verkleidungsplatte ist vorzugsweise quaderförmig, und dabei vorzugsweise länglich ausgebildet. Dabei weist sie vorzugsweise eine, im an der Unterlage befestigten Zustand senkrecht zur Unterlage gemessene, Dicke von im Bereich von 60- 400 mm, vorzugsweise von im Bereich von 120-200 mm auf, bei einer bevorzugten, in Querrichtung der Verkleidungsplatte gemessenen, Breite von im Bereich von 100-1200 mm, vorzugsweise im Bereich von 200-800 mm, insbesondere bevorzugt im Bereich von 400-600 mm. Die Längsrichtung und Querrichtung der Verkleidungsplatte verlaufen im befestigten Zustand der Verkleidungsplatte im Wesentlichen parallel zur Oberfläche der Unterlage. Die in Längsrichtung der Verkleidungsplatte gemessene Länge der Verkleidungsplatte liegt vorzugsweise im Bereich von 500-1500 mm, vorzugsweise im Bereich von 1000-1300 mm. Bei den angegebenen Massen handelt es sich um Standardgrössenbereiche. Die Verkleidungsplatten sind jedoch je nach Bedarf beliebig zuschneidbar bzw. ablängbar, entweder in der Produktionsstätte oder vor Ort auf der Baustelle.The cladding panel is preferably cuboid, and thereby preferably elongated. In this case, it preferably has a thickness, measured in the state secured to the substrate perpendicular to the substrate, of in the range of 60-400 mm, preferably of in the range of 120-200 mm, in a preferred width measured in the transverse direction of the lining panel in the range of 100-1200 mm, preferably in the range of 200-800 mm, particularly preferably in the range of 400-600 mm. The longitudinal direction and transverse direction of the cladding panel in the attached state of the cladding panel are substantially parallel to the surface of the base. The length of the cladding panel measured in the longitudinal direction of the cladding panel is preferably in the range of 500-1500 mm, preferably in the range of 1000-1300 mm. The indicated masses are standard size ranges. However, the cladding panels can be cut or shortened as required, either at the production site or on site at the construction site.

Beim Befestigen der Verkleidungsplatte an der Unterlage wird die Verkleidungsplatte in einer im Wesentlichen senkrechten Bewegung zur Wand angedrückt, sodass die der Unterlage zugewandte Fläche, d.h. die Unterseite der Verkleidungsplatte im befestigten Zustand im Wesentlichen parallel zur Oberfläche der Unterlage verläuft.When attaching the trim panel to the base, the trim panel is pressed in a substantially vertical movement toward the wall so that the surface facing the base, i. the underside of the cladding panel in the attached state is substantially parallel to the surface of the base.

Vorzugsweise ist das Fixierelement lediglich durch die reibschlüssige Verbindung zwischen den die Ausnehmung seitlich begrenzenden Flächen und den in vertikaler Richtung einander gegenüberliegenden Flächen des Fixierelements an der Verkleidungsplatte befestigt. Dabei liegt die Haftreibungskraft zwischen den geklemmten Flächen, bzw. die aufzubringende Kraft, um das Fixierelement in der Ausnehmung zu bewegen, vorteilhafterweise im Bereich von 10-600 N, vorzugsweise im Bereich von 50-200 N, insbesondere bevorzugt im Bereich von ca. 160 N. Diese Werte sind typisch, wenn die Gesamtfläche des Fixierelements, welche in Kontakt mit den einander gegenüberliegenden, die Ausnehmung seitlich begrenzenden Flächen steht, im Bereich zwischen 20-400 cm2 liegt. Dabei beträgt die Auszugsfestigkeit des Fixierelements aus der Ausnehmung in der Dämmplatte, bzw. die Reibspannung, vorteilhafterweise mindestens 0.5 N/cm2, vorzugsweise mindestens 0.8 N/cm2, und liegt insbesondere bevorzugt im Bereich von ca. 0.8-1.5 N/cm2. Die Kraft, die aufzuwenden ist, um das Fixierelement in der Ausnehmung zu bewegen, ist u.a. abhängig davon, wie weit das Fixierelement in der Ausnehmung eingesetzt ist, vom Verhältnis der Breite des Fixierelements zur Breite der Ausnehmung, sowie von den Materialeigenschaften der Verkleidungsplatte und des Fixierelements, und auch von einer allfälligen zusätzlichen Belastung der Verkleidungsplatte.Preferably, the fixing element is fastened to the cladding panel only by the frictional connection between the surfaces laterally delimiting the recess and the surfaces of the fixing element which are opposite one another in the vertical direction. In this case, the static friction force between the clamped surfaces, or the applied force to move the fixing in the recess, advantageously in the range of 10-600 N, preferably in the range of 50-200 N, particularly preferably in the range of about 160 N. These values are typical, when the total area of the fixing element which is in contact with the opposite, the recess laterally bounding surfaces is in the range between 20-400 cm 2. In this case, the pull-out strength of the fixing element from the recess in the insulating board, or the friction stress, advantageously at least 0.5 N / cm 2 , preferably at least 0.8 N / cm 2 , and is particularly preferably in Range of about 0.8-1.5 N / cm 2 . The force that is used to move the fixing in the recess depends, inter alia, on how far the fixing element is inserted in the recess, the ratio of the width of the fixing to the width of the recess, as well as the material properties of the cladding panel and the Fixing element, and also from any additional burden the cladding panel.

Die Breite der Ausnehmung, respektive der Abstand zwischen den beiden einander gegenüberliegenden, die Ausnehmung seitlich begrenzenden Flächen beträgt vorzugsweise 10-60 mm, insbesondere bevorzugt 15-25 mm. Die Tiefe der Ausnehmung, d.h. die Distanz von der Öffnung an der der Unterlage zugewandten Fläche, d.h. an der Unterseite der Verkleidungsplatte, zum Boden der Ausnehmung, beträgt vorzugsweise 15-60 mm, insbesondere bevorzugt 25-50 mm, gemessen in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Oberfläche der Unterlage. Dabei ist die Tiefe der Ausnehmung vorteilhafterweise kleiner, vorzugsweise um 2-4 mm kleiner, insbesondere bevorzugt um ca. 3 mm kleiner, als die Höhe des Fixierelements, d.h. die maximale Ausdehnung des Fixierelements in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Oberfläche der Unterlage. Die Tiefe der Ausnehmung ist vorzugsweise grösser als deren Breite. Dabei ist die Breite der Ausnehmung vorzugsweise um 0.5-3 mm kleiner, insbesondere bevorzugt in einem Bereich von 1-1.5 mm kleiner ausgebildet als die Breite des Fixierelements.The width of the recess, respectively the distance between the two opposite, the recess laterally limiting surfaces is preferably 10-60 mm, more preferably 15-25 mm. The depth of the recess, i. the distance from the opening at the pad facing surface, i. on the underside of the cladding panel, to the bottom of the recess, is preferably 15-60 mm, more preferably 25-50 mm, measured in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the base. In this case, the depth of the recess is advantageously smaller, preferably smaller by about 2-4 mm, particularly preferably smaller by about 3 mm, than the height of the fixing element, i. the maximum extent of the fixing element in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the pad. The depth of the recess is preferably greater than the width thereof. In this case, the width of the recess is preferably smaller by 0.5-3 mm, particularly preferably in a range of 1-1.5 mm, smaller than the width of the fixing element.

Die Breite des eingesetzten Fixierelements, d.h. die Distanz von der einen in Querrichtung das Fixierelement seitlich begrenzenden Fläche, zu der gegenüberliegenden seitlich begrenzenden Fläche des Fixierelements, liegt vorteilhafterweise im Bereich von 11-61 mm, vorzugsweise im Bereich von 16-26 mm. Die Höhe des Fixierelements liegt vorzugsweise im Bereich von 17-64 mm, vorzugsweise im Bereich von 27-54 mm. Die Länge des Fixierelements liegt vorzugsweise im Bereich von 10-300 mm, insbesondere bevorzugt im Bereich von 150-250 mm.The width of the fixing element used, i. the distance from the one laterally delimiting the fixing element in the transverse direction, to the opposite laterally delimiting surface of the fixing element, is advantageously in the range of 11-61 mm, preferably in the range of 16-26 mm. The height of the fixing element is preferably in the range of 17-64 mm, preferably in the range of 27-54 mm. The length of the fixing element is preferably in the range of 10-300 mm, particularly preferably in the range of 150-250 mm.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn eine Verkleidungsplatte zur Verfügung gestellt wird, die zwei vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen zueinander parallele Ausnehmungen aufweist. Dabei ist jede Ausnehmung als gerade Längsnut ausgestaltet, welche sich insbesondere über die gesamte Länge der Verkleidungsplatte in einer Richtung parallel zu der Oberfläche der Unterlage erstreckt. Dabei ist die Längsnut insbesondere seitlich offen, d.h. am Rand der Verkleidungsplatte, welcher der nächsten zu befestigenden Verkleidungsplatte zugewandt ist, offen ausgebildet, insbesondere bevorzugt an zwei Seiten offen ausgebildet, sodass die Längsnuten von aneinandergereihten Verkleidungsplatten in Nutverlaufsrichtung ineinander übergehen bzw. miteinander fluchten.It is particularly advantageous if a cladding panel is provided which has two recesses which are preferably substantially parallel to one another. there each recess is designed as a straight longitudinal groove which extends in particular over the entire length of the cladding panel in a direction parallel to the surface of the base. In this case, the longitudinal groove is in particular laterally open, ie open at the edge of the cladding panel which faces the next cladding panel to be fastened, especially preferably open on two sides, so that the longitudinal grooves of concatenated cladding panels merge into one another in the groove running direction or are aligned with one another.

Die Länge der Ausnehmung bzw. Nut in Nutverlaufsrichtung entlang der Längsrichtung der Verkleidungsplatte beträgt vorzugsweise mindestens ca. 10 mm, insbesondere bevorzugt mindestens ca. 100 mm, bis zu einem Maximum, welches der Länge der Verkleidungsplatte entspricht.The length of the recess or groove in Nutverlaufsrichtung along the longitudinal direction of the cladding plate is preferably at least about 10 mm, more preferably at least about 100 mm, up to a maximum, which corresponds to the length of the cladding panel.

Das Fixierelement ist dann in dieser Längsnut vor und/oder nach seiner Befestigung an der Unterlage in einer horizontalen Nutverlaufsrichtung in der Ausnehmung und sogar zwischen Ausnehmungen benachbarter Verkleidungsplatten verschiebbar. Vorzugsweise sind zwei parallel zueinander angeordnete horizontale Längsnuten derart in der Verkleidungsplatte angeordnet, dass die Breite der Verkleidungsplatte durch die Längsnuten im Wesentlichen gedrittelt wird. Es können aber auch mehr als zwei solche Längsnuten oder Ausnehmungen in der Platte angeordnet sein. Vorzugsweise beträgt der seitliche Abstand der Ausnehmung bzw. der Längsnut zum Rand der Platte mindestens 3-5 cm. Die Zahl und Anordnung der Ausnehmungen kann je nach Grösse, Dicke oder Material der Verkleidungsplatte und/oder der Beschaffenheit der Unterlage und/oder des Fixierelements unter Berücksichtigung von Stabilitätskriterien variiert werden. Ist die Ausnehmung eine sich über die Gesamtlänge der Verkleidungsplatte erstreckende Längsnut, so kann die Verkleidungsplatte beliebig abgelängt werden, bzw. die Länge der Verkleidungsplatte beliebig verkürzt werden, ohne dass die Anordnung oder Zahl der Nuten verändern wird. Eine solche Grössenanpassung an die jeweiligen Umstände kann durchaus auch vor Ort auf der Baustelle erfolgen.The fixing element is then displaceable in this longitudinal groove before and / or after its attachment to the base in a horizontal Nutverlaufsrichtung in the recess and even between recesses of adjacent cladding panels. Preferably, two mutually parallel horizontal longitudinal grooves are arranged in the cladding panel such that the width of the cladding panel is substantially divided by the longitudinal grooves. But it can also be arranged more than two such longitudinal grooves or recesses in the plate. Preferably, the lateral distance of the recess or the longitudinal groove to the edge of the plate is at least 3-5 cm. The number and arrangement of the recesses can be varied depending on the size, thickness or material of the cladding panel and / or the nature of the pad and / or the fixing element, taking into account stability criteria. If the recess is a longitudinal groove extending over the entire length of the cladding panel, then the cladding panel can be cut to any length, or the length of the cladding panel can be shortened as desired, without the arrangement or number of grooves being changed. Such a size adjustment to the circumstances can also be done locally on the construction site.

Vorzugsweise wird z.B. eine Wand so verkleidet, dass zunächst eine horizontale Reihe von Verkleidungsplatten errichtet wird, d.h. die Verkleidungsplatten werden seitlich aneinandergereiht. Erst nachdem eine horizontale Reihe vollendet ist, wird eine zweite horizontale Reihe auf die erste horizontale Reihe, aufgeschichtet, usw., bis die gesamte zu verkleidende Fläche der Unterlage verkleidet ist. Insbesondere bei Verkleidungsplatten mit Längsnuten als Ausnehmungen verläuft die Montagerichtung einer Reihe dabei vorzugsweise entlang der Nutverlaufsrichtung.Preferably, for example, a wall is clad so that first a horizontal row of cladding panels is erected, ie the cladding panels are lined up side by side. Only after a horizontal row is completed is a second horizontal row piled on the first horizontal row, etc., until the entire surface of the pad to be covered is covered. In particular, in cladding panels with grooves as recesses, the mounting direction of a series runs it preferably along the Nutverlaufsrichtung.

Bei der Befestigung einer vorgängig zu befestigenden Verkleidungsplatte, mit je mindestens einer seitlich offenen Längsnut wie oben beschrieben, wird das Fixierelement derart in die Ausnehmung eingesetzt, dass es in der Nutverlaufsrichtung über einen Rand, bzw. eine Seitenfläche der Verkleidungsplatte hervorsteht, welcher der nächsten zu befestigenden Verkleidungsplatte zugewandt ist. Die nächste zu befestigende Verkleidungsplatte wird dann an die vorgängig befestigte Verkleidungsplatte angereiht, indem das hervorstehende Fixierelement der vorgängig befestigten Verkleidungsplatte bereichsweise auch in mindestens einer Ausnehmung der nächsten Verkleidungsplatte aufgenommen wird. Das Fixierelement dient somit auch als Führungshilfe für die Relativpositionierung der folgenden Verkleidungsplatte an der vorgängigen. Es teilen sich in dieser Ausführungsform gewissermassen zwei benachbarte Verkleidungsplatten mindestens ein Fixierelement, vorzugsweise zwei Fixierelemente, bzw. mindestens ein Fixierelement dient somit gleichzeitig der Befestigung von zwei benachbarten Verkleidungsplatten.When fixing a previously to be fixed cladding panel, each with at least one laterally open longitudinal groove as described above, the fixing element is inserted into the recess such that it protrudes in the Nutverlaufsrichtung over an edge, or a side surface of the cladding panel, which the next to facing fastener panel. The next cladding panel to be fastened is then joined to the previously attached cladding panel by partially receiving the protruding fixing member of the previously attached cladding panel in at least one recess of the next cladding panel. The fixing element thus also serves as a guide for the relative positioning of the following cladding panel on the previous. In this embodiment, so to speak, two adjacent cladding panels share at least one fixing element, preferably two fixing elements, or at least one fixing element thus simultaneously serves for fastening two adjacent cladding panels.

Die reibschlüssige Verbindung zwischen den die Ausnehmung seitlich begrenzenden Flächen und den einander gegenüberliegenden seitlichen Flächen des Fixierelements wird mindestens teilweise durch eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung ergänzt.The frictional connection between the recess laterally limiting surfaces and the opposite lateral surfaces of the fixing is at least partially supplemented by a cohesive connection.

Die stoffschlüssige Verbindung zwischen Unterlage und Fixierelement ist dabei insbesondere durch eine Klebeschicht auf der der zu verkleidenden Unterlage zugewandten Fläche des Fixierelements bewirkt. Diese Klebeschicht weist vorzugsweise einen gelartigen Kleber auf, insbesondere bevorzugt einen Kleber auf Kunstharz- und/oder Naturharz-Basis, wie z.B. Hotmelt-Kleber. Vorzugsweise wird die der Unterlage zugewandte Fläche des zweiten Bereichs des Fixierelements mittels einer vorzugsweise auf dieser Fläche angeordneten Klebeschicht auf der Unterlage befestigt. Dabei kann die Klebeschicht von einer nicht-klebenden Schutzschicht bzw. Schutzfolie überzogen sein, die vor der Befestigung des Fixierelements an der Unterlage entfernt wird. Vorzugsweise weist die Klebeschicht einen gelartigen Kleber auf, insbesondere bevorzugt einen Kleber auf Kunstharz- und/oder Naturharz-Basis, wie z.B. Hotmelt-Kleber. In Befestigungsverfahren wird zusätzlich zur Befestigung durch das mindestens eine Fixierelement, eine Klebemasse wenigstens bereichsweise auf die der Unterlage zugewandte Fläche der Verkleidungsplatte aufgebracht. Das Auftragen der Klebemasse kann vor oder nach der Befestigung des mindestens einen Fixierelements auf der Unterlage erfolgen. Vorteilhafterweise wird die Klebemasse vor der Befestigung des Fixierelements an der Unterlage, jedoch nach dem Einsetzen des Fixierelements in die Ausnehmung, auf die Fläche der Verkleidungsplatte aufgetragen, welche auf der Unterlage zu befestigen ist.The cohesive connection between the base and the fixing element is effected in particular by an adhesive layer on the surface of the fixing element facing the base to be covered. This adhesive layer preferably has a gel-like adhesive, more preferably an adhesive based on synthetic resin and / or natural resin, such as hot melt adhesive. Preferably, the surface of the second region of the fixing element facing the base is fastened to the base by means of an adhesive layer preferably arranged on this surface. In this case, the adhesive layer may be covered by a non-adhesive protective layer or protective film, which is removed prior to attachment of the fixing element to the substrate. Preferably, the adhesive layer has a gel-like adhesive, particularly preferably an adhesive based on synthetic resin and / or natural resin, such as hot melt adhesive. In fastening methods, in addition to attachment by the at least one fixing element, an adhesive is at least partially applied to the surface of the lining panel facing the base. The application the adhesive can be carried out before or after the attachment of the at least one fixing element on the pad. Advantageously, the adhesive is applied to the surface of the cladding panel prior to attachment of the fixation member to the pad, but after insertion of the fixation member into the recess, which is to be secured to the pad.

Anschliessend wird die an der der Unterlage zugewandten Fläche des Fixierelements angeordnete Klebeschicht mit der Unterlage in Kontakt gebracht, gefolgt vom Aushärtenlassen der zwischen der Verkleidungsplatte und der Unterlage befindlichen Klebemasse.Subsequently, the adhesive layer disposed on the pad-facing surface of the fixing member is brought into contact with the pad, followed by allowing the adhesive between the cladding plate and the pad to harden.

Mögliche Arten von Klebern zur dauerhaften Befestigung der Verkleidungsplatte auf der Unterlage sind u.a. Kleber auf der Basis von hydraulisch oder "puzzolanisch" abbindenden Mineralien wie beispielsweise Portlandzement, Trass, hydraulischer Kalk, Gips Tonerdezement, Kalk oder Mischungen daraus in kompakter oder geschäumter Form.Des Weiteren können Kleber auf der Basis von organischen, natürlichen Polymeren wie beispielsweise Cellulose, modifizierte Cellulose, Stärke, Kasein oder Mischungen daraus in kompakter oder geschäumter Form verwendet werden. Ferner finden Kleber auf der Basis von synthetischen Polymeren als Lösung oder als disperses System, wie z.B. Polymerdispersionen oder Emulsionen in kompakter oder geschäumter Form Anwendung zum Zweck der Befestigung der Verkleidungsplatte auf der Unterlage. Weitere Kleber zur zweckgernässen Anwendung sind beispielsweise Kleber auf der Basis von Reaktionsharzen, die als ein- oder mehrkomponentige Materialien, geschäumt oder kompakt vorliegen. Für die erfindungsgemässe Anwendung besonders bevorzugt sind Polyurethanschäume, die in einem Druckbehälter mittels Treibgasen gefördert werden und die sich durch die Reaktion mit atmosphärischen Komponenten verfestigen und/oder weiter expandieren. Als Alternative können auch Kleber auf der Basis von Polymeren, die in einem Nachvemetzungsprozess erhärten, verwendet werden.Possible types of adhesives for permanently securing the cladding panel to the substrate include: Adhesives based on hydraulically or "pozzolanic" hardening minerals such as Portland cement, trass, hydraulic lime, gypsum, alumina cement, lime or mixtures thereof in compact or foamed form. Furthermore, adhesives based on organic, natural polymers such as, for example, cellulose, modified cellulose, starch, casein or mixtures thereof in compact or foamed form. Furthermore, adhesives based on synthetic polymers are found as a solution or as a disperse system, e.g. Polymer dispersions or emulsions in compact or foamed form Use for the purpose of fixing the cladding panel to the substrate. Other adhesives for zweckgernässen application are, for example, adhesives based on reaction resins, which are present as one- or multi-component materials, foamed or compact. Particularly preferred for the application according to the invention are polyurethane foams which are conveyed in a pressure vessel by means of propellant gases and which solidify and / or expand further through the reaction with atmospheric components. Alternatively, adhesives based on polymers that harden in a post-crosslinking process can also be used.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens wird als Klebemasse eine selbstaufschäumbare Klebemasse, z.B. auf Polyurethan-Basis, verwendet. Diese kann beispielsweise in einem Druckbehälter bereitgestellt sein und auf der Baustelle vom Montagearbeiter direkt auf die zu klebende Fläche aufgesprüht werden. Die Menge des Klebers ist von Grösse, Dicke, Material etc. der Verkleidungsplatte, sowie der Beschaffenheit der Unterlage abhängig und kann den Umständen entsprechend angepasst werden. Es hat sich als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die Klebemasse in wurstförmigen Streifen auf die zu verklebende Fläche der Verkleidungsplatte aufgetragen wird, wobei insbesondere bevorzugt die Klebemasse den Rändern der Verkleidungsplatte entlang, sowie in Kreuzform diagonal über die Fläche aufgebracht wird. Dies hat auch isolationstechnische Vorteile. Gemäss einer weiteren Ausführungsform kann die Klebemasse, anstatt auf die Verkleidungsplatte, zusätzlich oder alternativ auch auf die Unterlage aufgetragen werden.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the process according to the invention, the adhesive used is a self-foamable adhesive, for example based on polyurethane. This can be provided for example in a pressure vessel and be sprayed on the construction site by the assembly worker directly on the surface to be glued. The amount of adhesive depends on the size, thickness, material, etc. of the cladding panel, as well as the nature of the pad and can be adjusted according to the circumstances. It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the adhesive is in sausage-shaped strip is applied to the adherend surface of the cladding panel, wherein particularly preferably the adhesive is applied along the edges of the cladding panel, as well as in a cross shape diagonally across the surface. This also has isolation advantages. According to a further embodiment, the adhesive, instead of on the cladding panel, additionally or alternatively also be applied to the substrate.

Des Weiteren wird die oben genannte Aufgabe gelöst, indem ein Verkleidungssystem mit den Merkmalen nach Anspruch 7 zur Verfügung gestellt wird zur Dämmung, insbesondere bevorzugt zur Wärmedämmung eines Gebäudes. Aufgrund einer Deformierung, vorzugsweise einer elastischen Verformung des Fixierelements und/oder der Verkleidungsplatte zwischen den die Ausnehmung seitlich begrenzenden Flächen und den einander gegenüberliegenden Flächen des Fixierelements liegt eine reibschlüssige Verbindung vor. Diese reibschlüssige Verbindung, vorzugsweise sogar eine Klemmung, erlaubt eine Einstellung einer Relativposition der Verkleidungsplatte durch eine Verschiebung des Fixierelements in der Ausnehmung in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Oberfläche der Unterlage, sowie vorzugsweise auch in einer Richtung parallel zur Oberfläche der Unterlage. Umgekehrt kann man auch sagen, dass, wenn das Fixierelement einmal an der Unterlage befestigt ist, eigentlich die Ausnehmung der Verkleidungsplatte am Fixierelement bewegt wird.Furthermore, the above-mentioned object is achieved by providing a cladding system having the features according to claim 7 for insulation, in particular preferably for thermal insulation of a building. Due to a deformation, preferably an elastic deformation of the fixing and / or the cladding plate between the recess laterally delimiting surfaces and the opposing surfaces of the fixing is a frictional connection. This frictional connection, preferably even a clamping, allows adjustment of a relative position of the lining panel by a displacement of the fixing in the recess in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the pad, and preferably also in a direction parallel to the surface of the pad. Conversely, it can also be said that, once the fixing element is attached to the base, the recess of the cladding panel is actually moved on the fixing element.

Vorzugsweise ragt der zweite Bereich mindestens teilweise über die der Unterlage zugewandte Fläche, bzw. über die Oberfläche der Unterseite der Verkleidungsplatte hinaus. Dies führt nach der Befestigung der Fixierelemente an der Unterlage zu einem Zwischenraum zwischen Unterlage und Verkleidungsplatte, wobei der Abstand zwischen Unterlage und Verkleidungsplatte von der Länge des herausragenden Bereichs der Fixierelemente und somit von der Eindringtiefe des Fixierelements in der Ausnehmung der Verkleidungsplatte abhängt. Woben beschrieben, wird eine Klebemasse in den Zwischenraum eingefüllt werden, wobei die Expansion der Klebemasse durch den vom besagten Reibschluss vorgegebenen Abstand begrenzt wird.Preferably, the second area projects at least partially over the surface facing the pad, or over the surface of the underside of the cladding panel out. This leads after the attachment of the fixing elements to the base to a gap between the base and the cladding panel, wherein the distance between the base and cladding panel depends on the length of the protruding portion of the fixing elements and thus on the depth of penetration of the fixing in the recess of the cladding panel. Woben described, an adhesive will be filled into the space, wherein the expansion of the adhesive is limited by the predetermined by said frictional engagement distance.

Die Verkleidungsplatte kann aber auch nach der Befestigung des Fixierelements an der Unterlage auf das Fixierelement aufgeschoben und dann justiert werden. Das Fixierelement verfügt dabei vorzugsweise, insbesondere auch nach seiner Befestigung an der Unterlage, in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Unterlage über ein gewisses Spiel in der Ausnehmung. Zwischen dem Boden der Ausnehmung und der dem Boden der Ausnehmung zugewandten Fläche des Fixierelements kann also, auch in der endgültigen Position der Verkleidungsplatte an der Unterlage, ein Zwischenraum von variabler Tiefe angeordnet sein. Dieser Zwischenraum erlaubt, selbst wenn das Fixierelement schon mit der Verkleidungsplatte reibschlüssig verbunden oder darin eingeklemmt ist und das Fixierelement bereits stoffschlüssig mit der Unterlage verbunden ist, ein allenfalls nötiges nachträgliches Andrücken an die Unterlage und/oder Wegziehen des Fixierelements von der Unterlage.The cladding panel can also be postponed and then adjusted after attachment of the fixing element to the base on the fixing. The fixing preferably has, in particular after its attachment to the pad, in a direction perpendicular to the pad about a certain play in the recess. Between the bottom of the recess and the bottom of the recess facing surface of the fixing element can thus be arranged even in the final position of the cladding plate to the pad, a gap of variable depth. This gap allows, even if the fixing is already frictionally connected to the cladding plate or clamped therein and the fixing is already materially connected to the pad, a possibly necessary subsequent pressing against the pad and / or pulling the fixing of the pad.

Vorzugsweise ist das Fixierelement lediglich durch die reibschlüssige Verbindung zwischen den die Ausnehmung seitlich begrenzenden Flächen und den einander in vertikaler Richtung gegenüberliegenden Flächen des Fixierelements an der Verkleidungsplatte befestigt. Dabei wirken vorzugsweise die oben geschilderten Kräfte zwischen den besagten Flächen.Preferably, the fixing element is fastened to the cladding panel only by the frictional connection between the surfaces laterally delimiting the recess and the surfaces of the fixing element lying opposite one another in the vertical direction. In this case, preferably the above-described forces act between the said surfaces.

Die Ausnehmung weist in mindestens einer Ausdehnung parallel zu einer Oberfläche der Unterlage, vorzugsweise in Querrichtung der Verkleidungsplatte, eine maximale Breite auf, welche kleiner ist als die Breite des Fixierelements gemessen in derselben Ausdehnung parallel zur Oberfläche der Unterlage, insbesondere in einem Bereich von ca. 0.5-3 mm kleiner, insbesondere bevorzugt in einem Bereich von ca. 1-1.5 mm kleiner. Vorzugsweise ist das Material der Verkleidungsplatte und/oder des Fixierelements deformierbar ausgebildet, vorzugsweise elastisch deformierbar. Dies erlaubt überhaupt eine Einführung des Fixierelements, wenn dessen Breite grösser ist als die Breite der Ausnehmung, und einen Reibschluss oder eine Klemmung des Fixierelements in der Ausnehmung.The recess has in at least one extent parallel to a surface of the base, preferably in the transverse direction of the cladding panel, a maximum width which is smaller than the width of the fixing element measured in the same extent parallel to the surface of the base, in particular in a range of about 0.5-3 mm smaller, more preferably in a range of about 1-1.5 mm smaller. Preferably, the material of the cladding panel and / or the fixing element is deformable, preferably elastically deformable. This allows in general an introduction of the fixing element, if its width is greater than the width of the Recess, and a frictional engagement or a clamping of the fixing in the recess.

Ein weiteres bevorzugtes Verkleidungssystem ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verkleidungsplatte mindestens eine, vorzugsweise zwei, vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen zueinander parallel verlaufende Ausnehmungen aufweist, wobei jede Ausnehmung vorzugsweise als gerade Längsnut ausgestaltet ist. Diese erstreckt sich insbesondere über die gesamte Länge der Verkleidungsplatte im Wesentlichen parallel zu einer Oberkante und Unterkante der Verkleidungsplatte in horizontaler Richtung. Dabei ist das Fixierelement vor und/oder nach seiner Befestigung an der Unterlage in der Nutverlaufsrichtung in der Ausnehmung verschiebbar, und auch relativ zu einer vorgängig befestigten, seitlich benachbarten Verkleidungsplatte hin und her verschiebbar. Somit kann auch nach der stoffschlüssigen Befestigung des Fixierelements an der Unterlage die Position der Verkleidungsplatte an eine vorgegebene Idealposition, welche insbesondere durch eine vorgängig befestigte benachbarte Verkleidungsplatte bestimmt wird, mindestens in einer horizontalen Richtung, sowie vorzugsweise aufgrund des Spiels des Fixierelements in der Ausnehmung auch in einer Richtung quer zur Unterlage angepasst werden. Insbesondere wird die Verkleidungsplatte durch die Verschiebbarkeit des Fixierelements in der Ausnehmung der Verkleidungsplatte in Kontakt mit und in die gewünschte Relativposition zur benachbarten, vorgängig befestigten Verkleidungsplatte gebracht, sodass die benachbarten Kanten der Verkleidungsplatten miteinander bündig sind und die aneinander grenzenden Oberflächen der jeweils benachbarten Verkleidungsplatten miteinander fluchten.Another preferred cladding system is characterized in that the cladding panel has at least one, preferably two, preferably substantially parallel recesses, wherein each recess is preferably designed as a straight longitudinal groove. This extends in particular over the entire length of the cladding panel substantially parallel to an upper edge and lower edge of the cladding panel in the horizontal direction. In this case, the fixing element before and / or after its attachment to the pad in the Nutverlaufsrichtung in the recess displaceable, and also relative to a previously fixed, laterally adjacent cladding plate back and forth. Thus, even after the cohesive attachment of the fixing to the pad, the position of the cladding panel to a predetermined ideal position, which is determined in particular by a previously attached adjacent cladding panel, at least in a horizontal direction, and preferably due to the game of the fixing in the recess in be adapted to a direction across the substrate. In particular, the panel is brought by the displaceability of the fixing in the recess of the trim panel in contact with and in the desired relative position to the adjacent, previously fixed trim panel, so that the adjacent edges of the trim panels are flush with each other and the adjacent surfaces of the respective adjacent trim panels are aligned ,

Weist die Verkleidungsplatte eine solche sich über ihre gesamte Länge erstreckende Längsnut auf, so ist die Verkleidungsplatte zudem beliebig ablängbar bzw. zuschneidbar. Solche Zuschnitte können je nach Bedarf auch direkt an der Baustelle angefertigt werden.If the cladding panel has such a longitudinal groove extending over its entire length, then the cladding panel can also be cut to length or cut to size. Such blanks can also be made on site as needed.

Die Verkleidungsplatte ist im befestigten Zustand, zusätzlich zur Befestigung mittels des Fixierelements, durch eine Klebemasse, vorzugsweise durch eine selbstaufschäumbare Klebemasse, z.B. auf Polyurethan-Basis, auf der Unterlage befestigt. Die Kraft, die aufzuwenden ist, um das Fixierelement in der Ausnehmung zu verschieben, ist dabei vorzugsweise grösser als die Treibkraft, respektive Expansionskraft der zwischen der Verkleidungsplatte und der Unterlage aufgetragenen Klebemasse.The cladding panel is fixed in the attached state, in addition to the attachment by means of the fixing element, by an adhesive, preferably by a self-foamable adhesive, for example based on polyurethane, on the substrate. The force which is to be used to displace the fixing element in the recess is preferably greater than the driving force or expansion force of the adhesive applied between the lining plate and the base.

Die Adhäsionskraft der stoffschlüssigen Verbindung bzw. der Klebeschicht zwischen dem Fixierelement und der Unterlage ist vorzugsweise grösser als die Klemmkraft zwischen dem Fixierelement und der Verkleidungsplatte, bzw. die Kraft, die aufgewendet werden muss, um eine Verschiebung des Fixierelements in der Ausnehmung zu bewirken, wenn das Fixierelement maximal in der Ausnehmung aufgenommen ist, vorzugsweise mehr als 10 N, insbesondere bevorzugte mehr als 40 N grösser. Diese Adhäsionskraft zwischen Fixierelement und Unterlage liegt bevorzugt im Bereich von 160-260 N, und beträgt insbesondere bevorzugt ca. 240 N, wobei diese Kraft u.a. abhängig vom Material der Verkleidungsplatte, sowie Material und Grösse des Fixierelements ist, und auch davon, wie tief das Fixierelement in die Ausnehmung aufgenommen ist, und ebenfalls von einer allfälligen Zusatzbelastung der Verkleidungsplatte. Die Verkleidungsplatte kann aufgrund dieses Kraftverhältnisses auch ersetzt werden, ohne dass die Fixierelemente von der Unterlage gelöst werden müssen.The adhesion force of the cohesive connection or the adhesive layer between the fixing element and the base is preferably greater than the clamping force between the fixing element and the cover plate, or the force that must be expended in order to effect a displacement of the fixing element in the recess the fixing element is maximally received in the recess, preferably more than 10 N, in particular more preferably more than 40 N larger. This adhesive force between the fixing element and the base is preferably in the range of 160-260 N, and is particularly preferably about 240 N, this force u.a. depends on the material of the cladding panel, as well as the material and size of the fixing element, and also how deep the fixing element is received in the recess, and also of any additional load on the cladding panel. The trim panel can also be replaced due to this power ratio, without the fixing need to be solved by the pad.

Die stoffschlüssige Verbindung zwischen Unterlage und Fixierelement ist dabei insbesondere durch eine Klebeschicht auf der der zu verkleidenden Unterlage zugewandten Fläche des Fixierelements bewirkt. Diese Klebeschicht weist vorzugsweise einen gelartigen Kleber auf, insbesondere bevorzugt einen Kleber auf Kunstharz- und/oder Naturharz-Basis, wie z.B. Hotmelt-Kleber.The cohesive connection between the base and the fixing element is effected in particular by an adhesive layer on the surface of the fixing element facing the base to be covered. This adhesive layer preferably comprises a gelatinous adhesive, more preferably a synthetic resin and / or natural resin based adhesive, e.g. Hotmelt adhesive.

Die für das erfindungsgemässe Verkleidungssystem verwendete Verkleidungsplatte weist vorzugsweise ein offenporiges und/oder geschlossenporiges Material auf. Die Verkleidungsplatte kann dabei mindestens teilweise aus Polystyrol, insbesondere aus expandiertem Polystyrol (EPS) oder extrudiertem Polystyrol (XPS) ausgebildet sein. Je nach dem zu verkleidenden bzw. zu dämmenden Bereich eines Gebäudes kann jedoch auch ein anderer Verkleidungs- bzw. Dämmstoff ausgewählt werden. Für die Aussenwanddämmung eignen sich insbesondere die folgenden Materialien: Polystyrol, z.B. expandierter Polystyrol (EPS) oder extrudierter Polystyrol (XPS), sowie Polyurethan (PUR). Für andere Bereiche können aber beispielsweise auch andere organische Schaumstoffe verwendet werden, sowie Steinwolle, Glaswolle, Schaumglas, Holzwerkstoffprodukte, Kork, Vakuumdämmstoffe, oder natürliche, pflanzliche, oder tierische Faserstoffe, etc. oder Kombinationen davon.The cladding panel used for the cladding system according to the invention preferably has an open-pore and / or closed-pore material. The cladding panel may be at least partially made of polystyrene, in particular of expanded polystyrene (EPS) or extruded polystyrene (XPS). However, depending on the area of a building to be clad or insulated, another cladding or insulating material may also be selected. In particular, the following materials are suitable for external wall insulation: polystyrene, e.g. expanded polystyrene (EPS) or extruded polystyrene (XPS), as well as polyurethane (PUR). For other areas, however, other organic foams may be used, for example, as well as rock wool, glass wool, foam glass, wood-based products, cork, vacuum insulation materials, or natural, vegetable, or animal pulps, etc., or combinations thereof.

Vorzugsweise ist das Fixierelement im Wesentlichen aus dem gleichen Material ausgebildet wie die Verkleidungsplatte. Das Fixierelement ist in einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform als Block von quaderförmiger oder zylindrischer Form ausgestaltet, der insbesondere einen rechteckigen, quadratischen, runden oder elliptischen Grundriss aufweist. Weitere Formen können jedoch auch eingesetzt werden, wenn sie konstruktionsbedingte Vorteile mit sich bringen.Preferably, the fixing element is formed substantially of the same material as the cladding panel. The fixing element is in a particularly preferred embodiment as a block of cuboid or cylindrical shape configured, which in particular has a rectangular, square, round or elliptical floor plan. However, other shapes can also be used if they bring construction-related advantages.

Sämtliche Verfahrensmerkmale können im Sinne dieser Erfindung auch beliebig miteinander kombiniert und einzeln oder in Kombination auf das Verkleidungssystem angewandt werden. Ebenso können sämtliche Merkmale, die in Bezug auf das Verkleidungssystem beschrieben sind, beliebig miteinander kombiniert und einzeln oder in Kombination auch auf das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren Anwendung finden.All process features can also be arbitrarily combined with each other in the context of this invention and applied individually or in combination to the cladding system. Likewise, all features that are described in relation to the cladding system, combined with each other arbitrarily and individually or in combination also apply to the inventive method application.

Weitere Ausführungsbeispiele sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen beschrieben.Further embodiments are described in the dependent claims.

KURZE BESCHREIBUNG DER ZEICHNUNGENBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand der Zeichnungen beschrieben, die lediglich zur Erläuterung dienen und nicht einschränkend auszulegen sind. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

Fig. 1:
eine schematische Ansicht einer an einer Wand zu befestigenden Verkleidungsplatte, entlang der Längsrichtung der Verkleidungsplatte bzw. der Nutverlaufsrichtung gesehen;
Fig. 2:
eine perspektivische schematische Ansicht von zwei in eine Verkleidungsplatte eingesetzten Fixierelementen gemäss einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform;
Fig. 3:
eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer Verkleidungsplatte ohne eingesetzte Fixierelemente;
Fig. 4:
eine schematische Draufsicht auf zwei Platten gemäss einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform mit eingesetzten Fixierelementen, von der zu verkleidenden Unterlage her gesehen mit Blick auf die Unterseite der Verkleidungsplatte;
Fig. 5:
eine schematische Ansicht einer an einer Wand befestigten Verkleidungsplatte, entlang der Längsrichtung der Verkleidungsplatte bzw. der Nutverlaufsrichtung gesehen, gemäss einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform;
Fig. 6:
schematische Grundrisse einer Auswahl verschiedener Formen von Fixierelementen.
Preferred embodiments of the invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, which are given by way of illustration only and are not to be interpreted as limiting. In the drawings show:
Fig. 1:
a schematic view of a wall to be fixed to a wall panel, seen along the longitudinal direction of the trim panel and the Nutverlaufsrichtung;
Fig. 2:
a perspective schematic view of two used in a trim panel fixing elements according to a preferred embodiment;
3:
a schematic plan view of a preferred embodiment of a cladding panel without fixing elements used;
4:
a schematic plan view of two plates according to a further preferred embodiment with inserted fixing elements, seen from the underlay to be coated forth with a view of the underside of the cladding panel;
Fig. 5:
a schematic view of a wall panel fixed to a wall, along the longitudinal direction of the trim panel and the Nutverlaufsrichtung seen, according to another preferred embodiment;
Fig. 6:
schematic layouts of a selection of different forms of Fixing elements.

BESCHREIBUNG BEVORZUGTER AUSFÜHRUNGSFORMENDESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

In der Folge sollen Ausführungsbeispiele zur Illustration der oben beschriebenen Erfindung dargestellt werden.In the following, exemplary embodiments will be illustrated to illustrate the invention described above.

In Fig. 1 ist eine an einer Unterlage 2, z.B. an einer Aussenwand, zu befestigende Verkleidungsplatte 1 dargestellt. Die senkrecht zur Oberfläche 2a der Unterlage 2 gemessene Dicke d2 der Verkleidungsplatte 1 liegt im Bereich von 120-200 mm, wobei die parallel zur Oberfläche 2a der Unterlage 2 gemessene Breite b2 der Verkleidungsplatte im Bereich von 400-600 mm liegt. Die in Fig. 3 bezeichnete Länge 12 der Verkleidungsplatte 1, welche senkrecht zur Breite b2 parallel zur Oberfläche der Unterlage 2 gemessen wird, liegt vorzugsweise im Bereich von 1000-1300 mm.In Fig. 1 is a to a base 2, for example on an outer wall, to be fastened trim panel 1 is shown. The measured perpendicular to the surface 2a of the pad 2 thickness d2 of the cladding panel 1 is in the range of 120-200 mm, wherein the measured parallel to the surface 2a of the pad 2 width b2 of the cladding panel in the range of 400-600 mm. In the Fig. 3 designated length 12 of the cladding panel 1, which is measured perpendicular to the width b2 parallel to the surface of the base 2, is preferably in the range of 1000-1300 mm.

Verkleidungsplatten werden in der Regel in einer horizontalen Reihe montiert, wobei mehrere solche horizontalen Reihen beispielsweise bei einer verkleideten Gebäudeaussenwand vertikal übereinander angeordnet sind. Die Montagerichtung entspricht dabei vorzugsweise der Nutverlaufsrichtung R1.Cladding panels are usually mounted in a horizontal row, with several such horizontal rows are vertically stacked, for example, in a clad building exterior wall. The mounting direction preferably corresponds to the Nutverlaufsrichtung R1.

Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 1 weist die Verkleidungsplatte 1 zwei Ausnehmungen 3 auf. Jede Ausnehmung 3 in der Unterseite 11b der Verkleidungsplatte 1 ist nach unten hin, d.h. zur Oberseite 11a der Verkleidungsplatte 1 geschlossen, d.h. es handelt sich um eine offene Nut oder ein Sackloch mit einem Boden 3c. Ferner ist die Ausnehmung 3 seitlich durch mindestens zwei einander gegenüberliegende Flächen 3a, 3b begrenzt. Die Breite b3 der Ausnehmung 3, respektive der Abstand zwischen den beiden einander gegenüberliegenden, die Ausnehmung seitlich begrenzenden Flächen 3a, 3b beträgt 15-25 mm. Die Tiefe t3 der Ausnehmung 3, d.h. die Distanz von der Öffnung an der der Unterlage 2 zugewandten Fläche 11b, d.h. an der Unterseite 11b der Verkleidungsplatte 1, zum Boden 3c der Ausnehmung, beträgt 25-50 mm, gemessen in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Oberfläche 2a der Unterlage 2. Dabei ist die Tiefe t3 . der Ausnehmung um ca. 3 mm kleiner ist als die Höhe h1 des Fixierelements 4. Die Tiefe t3 der Ausnehmung 3 ist grösser als deren Breite b3.In the illustrated embodiment of Fig. 1 the cladding panel 1 has two recesses 3. Each recess 3 in the underside 11b of the cladding panel 1 is downwards, ie closed to the top 11a of the cladding panel 1, ie it is an open groove or a blind hole with a bottom 3c. Furthermore, the recess 3 is bounded laterally by at least two opposing surfaces 3a, 3b. The width b3 of the recess 3, respectively the distance between the two opposite, the recess laterally bounding surfaces 3a, 3b is 15-25 mm. The depth t3 of the recess 3, ie the distance from the opening on the surface 11b facing the pad 2, ie on the bottom 11b of the lining plate 1, to the bottom 3c of the recess is 25-50 mm, measured in a direction perpendicular to the surface 2a of the pad 2. Here, the depth is t3. The recess is about 3 mm smaller than the height h1 of the fixing element 4. The depth t3 of the recess 3 is greater than the width b3.

Die in Fig. 3 dargestellte Länge 13 der Ausnehmung bzw. Nut in Nutverlaufsrichtung R1 entlang der Längsrichtung L der Verkleidungsplatte 1 entspricht der Länge 12 der Verkleidungsplatte 1.In the Fig. 3 shown length 13 of the recess or groove in Nutverlaufsrichtung R1 along the longitudinal direction L of the cladding panel 1 corresponds to the length 12 of the cladding panel. 1

In der dargestellten Ausführungsform von Fig. 1 sind die beiden Ausnehmungen 3 bzw. Nuten derart über die Breite b2 der Verkleidungsplatte 1 verteilt angeordnet, dass die Breite b2 durch die Nuten 3 im Wesentlichen gedrittelt wird. Beliebige andere Verhältnisse sind möglich, wobei der Abstand A1 der Nut 3 vom Rand der Platte mindestens ca. 3-5 cm beträgt.In the illustrated embodiment of Fig. 1 the two recesses 3 or grooves are arranged distributed over the width b2 of the cladding panel 1 such that the width b2 is substantially divided by the grooves 3. Any other conditions are possible, wherein the distance A1 of the groove 3 from the edge of the plate is at least about 3-5 cm.

In die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Verkleidungsplatte 1 ist ein erstes, unteres Fixierelement 4 eingesetzt, wobei ein erster Bereich 4e des gestrichelt dargestellten Fixierelements 4 in der gemäss der Darstellung unteren Ausnehmung 3 aufgenommen ist, während ein zweiter Bereich 4f des Fixierelements 4 über die der Unterlage 2 zugewandte Fläche 11 der Verkleidungsplatte 1 heraussteht. Das eingesetzte Fixierelement 4 weist an seiner der Unterlage 2 zugewandten Fläche 4b eine Klebschicht 5 auf. Die dem Boden 3c der Ausnehmung 3 zugewandte Fläche 4a des Fixierelements 4 berührt gemäss der Darstellung den Boden 3c der Ausnehmung 3 nicht. Somit steht dem Fixierelement 4 ein gewisses Spiel bzw. ein Zwischenraum 12 zur Verfügung, welcher eine Verschiebbarkeit des Fixierelements 4 in der Ausnehmung 3 in einer Richtung quer zur Unterlage 2 erlaubt. Die Breite b1 des eingesetzten Fixierelements 4, d.h. die Distanz von der einen in Querrichtung Q das Fixierelement seitlich begrenzenden Fläche 4c, zu der gegenüberliegenden begrenzenden Fläche 4d des Fixierelements 4, liegt im Bereich von 16-26 mm. Die Höhe h1 des Fixierelements 4 liegt im Bereich von 27-54 mm. Die Länge 11 des Fixierelements 4 liegt im Bereich von 40-120 mm.In the in Fig. 1 1, a first, lower fixing element 4 is used, wherein a first region 4e of the fixing element shown in dashed lines 4 is received in the lower recess 3 as shown, while a second region 4f of the fixing element 4 on the surface 2 facing the base 11 of Panel panel 1 sticks out. The inserted fixing element 4 has an adhesive layer 5 on its surface 4b facing the base 2. The bottom 3c of the recess 3 facing surface 4a of the fixing element 4 does not touch the bottom 3c of the recess 3 as shown. Thus, the fixing element 4 is a certain play or a gap 12 is available, which allows a displacement of the fixing element 4 in the recess 3 in a direction transverse to the base 2. The width b1 of the fixing element 4 used, ie the distance from the one laterally delimiting surface 4c in the transverse direction Q, to the opposite delimiting surface 4d of the fixing element 4, is in the range of 16-26 mm. The height h1 of the fixing element 4 is in the range of 27-54 mm. The length 11 of the fixing element 4 is in the range of 40-120 mm.

Dabei ist die Breite b3 der Ausnehmung um 0.5-3 mm kleiner, insbesondere in einem Bereich von 1-1.5 mm kleiner, ausgebildet als die Breite b1 des Fixierelements, wie auch in Fig. 1 dargestellt. Dadurch wird das Fixierelement 4 in seinem ersten Bereich 4e in der Ausnehmung 3 mindestens an den zwei einander in Querrichtung Q gegenüberliegenden Flächen 4c, 4d eingeklemmt. Unter Klemmung ist hier zumindest das Vorliegen einer reibschlüssigen Verbindung zu verstehen. Das Fixierelement 4 ist somit unter Kraftaufwand in der Ausnehmung verschieblich gelagert. Damit das Fixierelement 3 mit seiner grösseren Breite b2 überhaupt in die Ausnehmung 3 einführbar ist, ist das Fixierelement 4 und/oder die Verkleidungsplatte 1 mindestens teilweise verformbar bzw. elastisch verformbar ausgebildet.In this case, the width b3 of the recess is 0.5-3 mm smaller, in particular in a range of 1-1.5 mm smaller, formed as the width b1 of the fixing, as well as in Fig. 1 shown. As a result, the fixing element 4 is clamped in its first region 4e in the recess 3 at least on the two surfaces 4c, 4d which lie opposite one another in the transverse direction Q. Under clamping here is at least the presence of a frictional connection to understand. The fixing element 4 is thus displaceably mounted in the recess under force. So that the fixing element 3 with its greater width b2 can be inserted into the recess 3 at all, the fixing element 4 and / or the lining plate 1 is at least partially deformable or elastically deformable.

In der in Fig. 1 oben dargestellten Ausnehmung 3 ist das Fixierelement 4 noch nicht in die Ausnehmung 3 eingeführt. Die Klebeschicht 5 an der der Unterlage 2 zugewandten Fläche 4b des der Unterlage 2 zugewandten zweiten Bereichs 4f weist noch eine nicht-klebende Schutzschicht 5a auf, um die Klebeschicht 5 vor dem Austrocknen zu schützen und/oder ein ungewünschtes vorzeitiges Befestigen der Fixierelemente 4 in ungewünschten Positionen zu vermeiden. Die Einführungsrichtung des Fixierblocks 4 in die Ausnehmung 3 ist mit einem gepunkteten Pfeil dargestellt.In the in Fig. 1 The recess 3 shown above, the fixing element 4 is not yet introduced into the recess 3. The adhesive layer 5 on the pad 2 facing surface 4b of the pad 2 facing the second region 4f still has a non-adhesive protective layer 5a in order to protect the adhesive layer 5 from drying out and / or to prevent unwanted premature fixing of the fixing elements 4 in undesired positions. The direction of insertion of the fixing block 4 in the recess 3 is shown with a dotted arrow.

Der zwischen Verkleidungsplatte 1 und der Unterlage dargestellte gepunktete Pfeil zeigt die Richtung an, in welcher die Verkleidungsplatte 1 zur Wand hin bewegt wird, um ein Befestigen der Fixierelemente 4 mittels ihrer Klebeschichten 5 zu bewirken.The dotted arrow shown between the cladding panel 1 and the pad indicates the direction in which the cladding panel 1 is moved toward the wall to effect fixing of the fixing members 4 by means of their adhesive layers 5.

Die Oberseite 11a der Verkleidungsplatte 1 ist in der dargestellten Ausführungsform geschlossen, d.h. ohne Einschnitte oder Nuten ausgestaltet.The top 11a of the trim panel 1 is closed in the illustrated embodiment, i. designed without cuts or grooves.

In Fig. 2 sind zwei quaderförmige Fixierblöcke 4 dargestellt. Die beiden parallel zueinander angeordneten Ausnehmungen 3 sind als gerade Längsnuten ausgebildet, welche sich in Längsrichtung L der Verkleidungsplatte 1 bis zum Rand der Verkleidungsplatte 1 erstrecken. Die Fixierblöcke 4 sind gemäss dieser Darstellung ebenfalls nicht bis zum Boden 3c der Längsnut 3 in die jeweilige Längsnut 3 eingesetzt. Dies führt zu einem Zwischenraum 12 zwischen dem Boden 3c der Längsnut 3 und der diesem Boden 3c zugewandten Fläche 4a des Fixierelements 4. Die beiden dargestellten Fixierelemente 4 stehen in Nutverlaufsrichtung R1 über den Rand der Verkleidungsplatte 1 hervor. Dies ermöglicht das Ansetzen einer weiteren Verkleidungsplatte 1b unter Verwendung derselben Fixierelemente 4. Zudem stehen die Fixierelemente 4 in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Nutverläufsrichtung R1 und senkrecht zur Unterlage 2 über die der Unterlage zugewandten Fläche 11 hervor bzw. aus der Längsnut 3 heraus. Die beiden Fixierblöcke 4 sind hier ohne eine Klebeschicht 5 dargestellt.In Fig. 2 two cuboid Fixierblöcke 4 are shown. The two mutually parallel recesses 3 are formed as straight longitudinal grooves which extend in the longitudinal direction L of the cladding panel 1 to the edge of the cladding panel 1. The Fixierblöcke 4 are also not used according to this illustration to the bottom 3 c of the longitudinal groove 3 in the respective longitudinal groove 3. This leads to an intermediate space 12 between the bottom 3c of the longitudinal groove 3 and the surface 4a of the fixing element 4 facing the bottom 3c. The two fixing elements 4 shown protrude beyond the edge of the lining panel 1 in the groove running direction R1. In addition, the fixing elements 4 protrude in a direction perpendicular to the slot running direction R1 and perpendicular to the base 2 beyond the surface 11 facing the base or out of the longitudinal groove 3. The two fixing blocks 4 are shown here without an adhesive layer 5.

In Fig. 3 ist eine Verkleidungsplatte 1 von rechteckigem Grundriss gemäss einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel von unten, d.h. mit Blick auf die Unterseite 11b, dargestellt. Diese weist zwei zueinander parallele, über die gesamte Länge 12 der Verkleidungsplatte 1 erstreckende tiefe Einschnitte 6, sowie zwei einander parallele, über die gesamte Breite b2 der Verkleidungsplatte 1 sich erstreckende tiefe Einschnitte 7 auf. Dabei kreuzen sich jeweils ein Einschnitt 6 in Längsrichtung L der Verkleidungsplatte 1 mit zwei Einschnitten 7 in Querrichtung Q der Verkleidungsplatte 1 und umgekehrt. Die Einschnitte 6, 7 dienen der Verformbarkeit des Materials. Somit werden z.B. aufgrund von Unebenheiten der Unterlage, sowie z.B. aufgrund von montagebedingten Beanspruchungen auftretende Spalten, insbesondere in Nutverlaufsrichtung bzw. Montagerichtung, vermieden.In Fig. 3 is a cladding panel 1 of rectangular outline according to a preferred embodiment of the bottom, ie, with respect to the bottom 11 b, shown. This has two parallel to each other, over the entire length 12 of the cladding panel 1 extending deep cuts 6, and two parallel over the entire width b2 of the cladding panel 1 extending deep cuts 7. In each case, an incision 6 intersect in the longitudinal direction L of the cladding panel 1 with two incisions 7 in the transverse direction Q of the cladding panel 1 and vice versa. The incisions 6, 7 serve the deformability of the material. Thus, for example, due to unevenness of the pad, as well as eg due to installation-related Stresses occurring gaps, especially in Nutverlaufsrichtung or assembly direction avoided.

Zudem sind zwei zueinander parallele, über die gesamte Länge 12 der Verkleidungsplatte 1 sich erstreckende Längsnuten 3 angeordnet, welche parallel zu den beiden Einschnitten 6 in Längsrichtung L angeordnet sind. Die Einschnitte 6, 7 sind von kleinerer Breite als die Längsnut 3, jedoch von grösserer Tiefe, in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Oberfläche 2a der Unterlage 2 gemessen.In addition, two mutually parallel, over the entire length 12 of the cladding panel 1 extending longitudinal grooves 3 are arranged, which are arranged parallel to the two incisions 6 in the longitudinal direction L. The cuts 6, 7 are of smaller width than the longitudinal groove 3, but of greater depth, measured in a direction perpendicular to the surface 2 a of the pad 2.

In Fig. 4 sind, in einem Blick von der Unterlage 2 her auf die Unterseite 11b und in die Längsnuten 3 hinein, zwei Verkleidungsplatten 1a, 1b mit solchen sich in Längsrichtung L erstreckenden Einschnitten 6 und mit in Querrichtung Q der Verkleidungsplatte 1 sich erstreckenden Einschnitte 7 dargestellt. Dabei sind die Verkleidungsplatten 1 schmaler, d.h. mit kleinerer Länge 12 ausgebildet als im Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 3.In Fig. 4 are, in a view from the base 2 forth on the bottom 11b and into the longitudinal grooves 3 inside, two cladding panels 1a, 1b shown with such longitudinally extending L incisions 6 and in the transverse direction Q of the cladding panel 1 extending incisions 7. The cladding panels 1 are narrower, ie formed with a smaller length 12 than in the embodiment of Fig. 3 ,

Die in Fig. 4 links dargestellte Verkleidungsplatte 1a ist die vorgängig zu montierende bzw. montierte Verkleidungsplatte. Da links von ihr keine weitere Verkleidungsplatte 1 anschliesst, stehen die beiden Fixierelemente 4 nicht über den dargestellten linken Rand der Verkleidungsplatte 1a heraus, sondern sind in Bezug auf ihre Länge 11 ganz in der Längsnut 3 aufgenommen. An der der nächsten zu befestigenden Verkleidungsplatte 1b zugewandten Seite 8 jedoch sind zwei Fixierelemente 4 angeordnet, welche über den Rand der zuerst montierten Verkleidungsplatte 1a heraus stehen. Aufgrund dieser beiden hervorstehenden Fixierelemente 4 kann die in Fig. 4 rechts dargestellte, nächste zu befestigende Verkleidungsplatte 1b auf die hervorstehenden Bereiche der beiden bereits an der Wand stoffschlüssig befestigten Fixierelemente 4 aufgeschoben werden. Diese zweite Verkleidungsplatte 1b weist wiederum an Ihrer der nächsten zu montierenden Verkleidungsplatte zugewandten Seite zwei hervorstehende Fixierelemente 4 auf.In the Fig. 4 Cladding panel 1a shown on the left is the cladding panel to be mounted or mounted beforehand. Since no further cladding panel 1 adjoins it to the left, the two fixing elements 4 do not protrude beyond the illustrated left edge of the cladding panel 1 a, but are received completely in the longitudinal groove 3 with respect to their length 11. However, two fixing elements 4 are arranged on the side 8 to be fastened next to the facing panel 1 b, which stand out beyond the edge of the first panel 1 a mounted. Due to these two protruding fixing elements 4, the in Fig. 4 shown on the right, next to be fastened trim panel 1b are pushed onto the protruding portions of the two already firmly attached to the wall fixing elements 4. This second cladding panel 1b in turn has two projecting fixing elements 4 on its side facing the next cladding panel to be mounted.

Die Position der zweiten Verkleidungsplatte 1b kann dann an die Position der ersten Verkleidungsplatte 1a angepasst werden. Dies wird ermöglicht durch die Verschiebbarkeit des Fixierelements 4 in der betreffenden Nut 3, bzw. umgekehrt die Verschiebbarkeit der Verkleidungsplatte 1 an den bereits an der Unterlage 2 befestigten Fixierelementen 4. Das Fixierelement 4 ist somit sowohl in einer Richtung senkrecht zur Unterlage 2, als auch in Nutverlaufsrichtung R1 verschiebbar in der Nut 3 gelagert. Durch Druck- und Zugbewegungen kann die zweite oder weitere folgende Verkleidungsplatte 1b so an die vorhergehende adjustiert werden, bis deren Kanten und Oberflächen mit denen der vorgängig montierten Verkleidungsplatte 1a bündig sind. Damit dies möglich ist, hat das Fixierelement 4 Spiel 12 in der Nut 3, d.h. es muss in der endgültigen Position der Verkleidungsplatte 1 den Boden der Nut 3 nicht unbedingt berühren, was zwischen der dem Boden 3c der Nut 3 zugewandten Fläche 4a des Fixierelements 4 und dem Boden 3c der Nut 3 zu einem Zwischenraum 12 führt.The position of the second trim panel 1b can then be adjusted to the position of the first trim panel 1a. This is made possible by the displaceability of the fixing element 4 in the respective groove 3, or vice versa, the displaceability of the cladding panel 1 to the already secured to the base 2 fixing elements 4. The fixing element 4 is thus both in a direction perpendicular to the base 2, as well in Nutverlaufsrichtung R1 slidably mounted in the groove 3. By pressing and pulling movements, the second or further following cladding panel 1 b can be adjusted to the previous, until the edges and surfaces with those of the previously mounted cladding panel 1a are flush. In order for this to be possible, the fixing element 4 has clearance 12 in the groove 3, ie it does not necessarily have to touch the bottom of the groove 3 in the final position of the cladding plate 1, which is between the surface 4a of the fixing element 4 facing the bottom 3c of the groove 3 and the bottom 3c of the groove 3 leads to a gap 12.

Im montierten Zustand sind gemäss dem in Fig. 4 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel pro Verkleidungsplatte 1 vier Fixierelemente 4 mindestens teilweise in den entsprechenden Nuten 3 der Verkleidungsplatte 1 aufgenommen. Dabei "teilen" sich die zwei benachbarte Verkleidungsplatten in jeder Nut jeweils ein Fixierelement 4, insgesamt teilen sich die in Fig. 4 dargestellten zwei Verkleidungsplatten 1a, 1b also zwei Fixierelemente 4.When assembled, according to the in Fig. 4 illustrated embodiment per cladding panel 1 four fixing elements 4 at least partially received in the corresponding grooves 3 of the cladding panel 1. In this case, the two adjacent cladding panels in each groove "share" a fixing element 4, in total, the in Fig. 4 two facing panels 1a, 1b thus shown two fixing elements. 4

Die der Unterlage 2, in Fig. 4 also dem Betrachter zugewandte Fläche 4b jedes Fixierelements 4 ist von einer schraffiert dargestellten Klebeschicht 5 überdeckt, welche der stoffschlüssigen Verbindung des Fixierelements 4 an der Unterlage 2 dient.The underlay 2, in Fig. 4 Thus, the observer facing surface 4b of each fixing element 4 is covered by a hatched adhesive layer 5, which serves the cohesive connection of the fixing element 4 on the base 2.

Bei dem in Fig. 5 dargestellten Befestigungssystem ist die Verkleidungsplatte 1 mittels Fixierblöcken 4 als auch mittels einer Klebemasse 10, bzw. einem Schaumkleber, an der Unterlage 2 befestigt. Dabei liefern sowohl die Klebemasse 10 zwischen der Verkleidungsplatte 1 und der Unterlage 2, als auch die Klebeschicht 5 zwischen den Fixierelementen 4 und der Unterlage 2 eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung.At the in Fig. 5 shown fastening system is the cladding panel 1 by means of fixing blocks 4 as well as by means of an adhesive 10, or a foam adhesive, attached to the pad 2. Both the adhesive 10 between the cladding panel 1 and the pad 2, as well as the adhesive layer 5 between the fixing elements 4 and the pad 2 provide a cohesive connection.

Insbesondere wenn als Klebemasse 10 ein Schaumkleber bzw. Klebeschaum verwendet wird, expandiert dieser nach der Auftragung auf die Verkleidungsplatte 1 bzw. auf die Unterlage 2 bis zum Aushärten nach, was zu einem Abdrücken der Verkleidungsplatte 1 von der Unterlage 2 führen kann. Die Befestigung der Fixierelemente 4 an der Verkleidungsplatte 1 hält diesem Treibdruck stand. Eine Expansion des Klebeschaums 10 über die gewünschte Position hinaus wird jedoch durch den Reibschluss bzw. die Klemmwirkung zwischen zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Flächen 4c, 4d des Fixierelements 4 und zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Flächen 3 a, 3b der Nut 3 verhindert. Somit wird die Verkleidungsplatte 1 daran gehindert, Ihre Relativposition zur Unterlage 2 und/oder zu den benachbarten Verkleidungsplatten 1 zu verändern, wobei der Abstand A2 zwischen der Verkleidungsplatte 1 und der Unterlage 2 gross genug ist, um eine gewisse Expansion des Schaumklebers zuzulassen. Dieser Abstand A2 kann bei der Montage der Verkleidungsplatten 1 gewählt und auch nach der Befestigung der Fixierelemente 4 an der Unterlage 2 noch nachträglich eingestellt werden.In particular, when a foam adhesive or adhesive foam is used as the adhesive 10, it expands after application to the trim panel 1 or to the base 2 until it cures, which can lead to a pressing of the trim panel 1 of the pad 2. The attachment of the fixing elements 4 to the trim panel 1 withstands this propulsion pressure. However, an expansion of the adhesive foam 10 beyond the desired position is prevented by the frictional engagement or the clamping effect between two opposing surfaces 4c, 4d of the fixing element 4 and two opposing surfaces 3a, 3b of the groove 3. Thus, the trim panel 1 is prevented from changing its relative position to the base 2 and / or the adjacent trim panels 1, the distance A2 between the trim panel 1 and the base 2 being large enough to allow some expansion of the foam adhesive. This distance A2 can be selected during assembly of the cladding panels 1 and even after the attachment of the fixing elements 4 on the pad 2 can be set later.

In Fig. 6 sind eine Auswahl von verschiedenen möglichen Grundrissen für Fixierelemente 4 schematisch in einer Draufsicht dargestellt, wobei auch andere Formen möglich sind, die allfällige materialabhängige oder konstruktionsspezifische Vorteile bieten könnten. In Figur 6a ist der quadratische Grundriss eines kubischen Fixierblocks 4 dargestellt, während Fig. 6b einen runden Grundriss eines zylindrischen Fixierblocks 4 zeigt. Fig. 6c zeigt einen dreieckigen Grundriss, Fig. 6d einen rechteckigen Grundriss eines quaderförmigen Fixierelements 4. In. Fig. 6e ist ein hantelförmiger Grundriss, und in Fig. 6f ein polygonaler Grundriss eines polyedrischen Fixierelements 3 dargestellt, während in Fig. 6g ein im Wesentlichen kreuzförmiger Grundriss abgebildet ist. Dabei erlauben Fixierelemente mit quaderförmiger oder zylindrischer Form eine besonders einfache Herstellung, insbesondere auch im Hinblick auf die Ausgestaltung und Herstellung der korrespondierenden Ausnehmungen 3. Bei zylindrischen Formen beispielsweise können sacklochartige Ausnehmungen 3 in standardmässige Verkleidungsplatten 1 (Halbfabrikate) eingestanzt oder gebohrt werden, was unter Umständen auch direkt auf der Baustelle möglich ist. Die lässt eine grosse Flexibilität in Bezug auf die Anordnung der Ausnehmungen 3 in der Verkleidungsplatte 1 zu und somit auch eine massgeschneiderte Verteilung der Fixierelemente 4 relativ zur Verkleidungsplatte 1. Bei quaderförmigen oder kubischen Formen von Fixierelementen 4 können die Längsnuten 3 bei der Herstellung der Verkleidungsplatte gleich mit eingefräst werden. Die Herstellung der Fixierelemente 4 erfolgt z.B. durch Oszillation (Schnitt mit Heissdraht), Versintern, oder durch Schneiden mittels einer Laubsäge.In Fig. 6 For example, a selection of different possible floor plans for fixing elements 4 are shown schematically in a plan view, wherein other shapes are possible, which could offer any material-dependent or construction-specific advantages. In FIG. 6a the square outline of a cubic Fixierblocks 4 is shown while Fig. 6b a round outline of a cylindrical Fixierblocks 4 shows. Fig. 6c shows a triangular floor plan, Fig. 6d a rectangular plan of a cuboid fixing 4. In. Fig. 6e is a dumbbell-shaped floor plan, and in Fig. 6f a polygonal plan view of a polyhedral fixing element 3, while in Fig. 6g a substantially cross-shaped floor plan is shown. In this case, allow fixing with cuboid or cylindrical shape a particularly simple production, especially with regard to the design and manufacture of the corresponding recesses 3. In cylindrical shapes, for example, blind hole-like recesses 3 in standard cladding panels 1 (semi-finished) can be stamped or drilled, which may also directly on the construction site is possible. This leaves a great deal of flexibility with respect to the arrangement of the recesses 3 in the cladding panel 1 and thus also a tailor-made distribution of the fixing elements 4 relative to the cladding panel 1. In cuboid or cubic forms of fixing elements 4, the longitudinal grooves 3 in the manufacture of the cladding panel equal be milled with. The fixing elements 4 are produced, for example, by oscillation (cutting with hot wire), sintering, or by cutting by means of a fretsaw.

Die Fixierelemente 4 können an ihrer Peripherie auch zusätzliche Strukturen, wie z.B. Rillen, Einschnitte, Einkerbungen, oder verbreiterte oder verjüngte Bereiche etc. aufweisen.The fixing elements 4 may also have additional structures on their periphery, e.g. Grooves, incisions, notches, or widened or tapered areas, etc. have.

BEZUGSZEICHENLISTELIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
VerkleidungsplatteFacing tile
1a1a
erste, bzw. vorgängig zu befestigende Verkleidungsplattefirst, or previously to be fixed cladding panel
1b1b
zweite, bzw. nächste zu befestigende Verkleidungsplattesecond, or next to be fixed cladding panel
22
Unterlagedocument
2a2a
Oberfläche von 2Surface of 2
33
Ausnehmung, LängsnutRecess, longitudinal groove
3a, 3b3a, 3b
seitliche begrenzende Flächen von 3lateral bounding areas of 3
3c3c
Boden von 3Bottom of 3
44
Fixierelementfixing
4a4a
der Verkleidungsplatte 1 zugewandte Fläche von 4the cladding panel 1 facing surface of 4
4b4b
der Unterlage 2 zugewandte Fläche von 4the pad 2 facing surface of 4
4c,4d4c, 4d
seitliche begrenzende Flächen von 4lateral bounding areas of 4
4e4e
erster, der Verkleidungsplatte 1 zugewandter Bereich von 4first, the cladding panel 1 facing area of 4
4f4f
zweiter, der Unterlage 2 zugewandter Bereich von 4second, the pad 2 facing area of 4
55
Klebeschichtadhesive layer
5a5a
Schutzfolie von 5Protective film of 5
66
Einschnitt in 1 in Längsrichtung von 1Incision in 1 in the longitudinal direction of 1
77
Einschnitt in 1 in Querrichtung von 1Incision in 1 in the transverse direction of 1
88th
der nachfolgenden Verkleidungsplatte zugewandte Fläche von 1athe subsequent cladding panel facing surface of 1a
99
der vorgängigen Verkleidungsplatte zugewandte Fläche von 1bthe previous cladding plate facing surface of 1b
1010
Klebemasse, SchaumkleberAdhesive, foam adhesive
11a11a
Oberseite, von der Unterlage 2 abgewandte Fläche von 1Upper side, facing away from the base 2 surface of 1
11b11b
Unterseite, der Unterlage 2 zugewandte Fläche von 1Bottom, the pad 2 facing surface of 1
1212
Zwischenraum, SpielSpace, game
A1A1
Abstand von 3 zum Rand von 1Distance from 3 to the edge of 1
A2A2
Abstand zwischen 1 und 2Distance between 1 and 2
b1b1
Breite von 4Width of 4
b2b2
Breite von 1Width of 1
b3b3
Breite von 3Width of 3
d2d2
Dicke von 1Thickness of 1
h1h1
Höhe von 4Height of 4
t3t3
Tiefe von 3Depth of 3
1111
Länge von 4Length of 4
1212
Länge von 1Length of 1
1313
Länge von 3Length of 3
LL
Längsrichtung von 1Longitudinal direction of 1
QQ
Querrichtung von 1Transverse direction of 1
R1R1
NutverlaufsrichtungNutverlaufsrichtung

Claims (15)

  1. A method for attaching a cladding board (1) on a support (2), for insulation, in particular for thermal insulation of a building, comprising at least the following steps:
    - providing a cladding board (1) in the form of an insulating board, comprising at least one recess (3) being arranged in a surface (11) facing the support (2), being closed downwards by means of a bottom (3c) and being open towards the support (2) for at least partial receiving of a fixing element (4), comprising at least two opposing surfaces (3a, 3b) facing one another and laterally delimiting the recess (3);
    - providing at least one fixing element (4) with a first region (4e) facing the cladding board (1) and a second region (4f) facing the support (2), as well as at least two opposing surfaces (4c, 4d), wherein a surface (4b) of the second region (4f) of the fixing element (4) facing the support (2) is adhesively attachable on the support (2),
    - at least partial introducing of the first region (4e) of the fixing element (4) into the recess (3) of the cladding board (1), wherein the second region (4f) at least partially protrudes over the surface (11) of the cladding board (1) facing the support (2), and
    - adhesively attaching the fixing element (4) on the support (2),
    - adjusting the relative position of the cladding board (1, 1b) with respect to the support (2) and/or to a previously attached cladding board (1a) by means of a displacement of the fixing element (4) in the recess (3), wherein preferably the fixing element (4) has a clearance in the recess (3) in a direction perpendicular to the support (2),
    characterized in that
    - the fixing element (4) is designed as a block of cuboid or cylindrical shape,
    - a friction connection is established by the introducing of the first region (32) of the fixing element (30) into the recess (42) of the cladding board (12), due to a deformation of the fixing element (4) and/or of the cladding board (1) between the surfaces (3a, 3b) laterally delimiting the recess (3) and the opposing surfaces (4c, 4d) of the fixing element (4), and
    - before the attachment of the at least one fixing element (4) on the support, an adhesive mass (10) is applied at least in areas on the surface (11b) of the cladding board (1) facing the support (2), followed by bringing the adhesive layer (5) arranged on the surface (4b) of the fixing element (4) facing the support (2) in contact with the support (2), followed by the hardening of the adhesive substance (10) arranged between the cladding board (1) and the support (2).
  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing element (4) is attached to the cladding board merely by means of the friction connection between the opposing surfaces (3a, 3b) laterally delimiting the recess (3) and the opposing surfaces (4c, 4d) of the fixing element (4), wherein preferably a force of at least 0.5 N/cm2, more preferably of at least 0.8 N/cm2, and particularly preferably of in the range of 0.8-1.5 N/cm2, with respect to the total surface (4c, 4d) of the fixing element (4), which is in contact with the opposing surfaces (3a, 3b) and laterally delimiting the recess, has to be expended so as to displace the fixing element (4) in the recess (3).
  3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cladding board (1) is provided with at least one, preferably two recesses (3) preferably being essentially parallel with respect to each other, wherein each recess (3) is preferably provided as a longitudinal groove, which in particular extends over the whole length (12) of the cladding board (1) essentially parallel with respect to an upper edge and lower edge of the cladding board (1) in a longitudinal direction (L) of the cladding board (1), and wherein the fixing element (4) is displaceable in the recess (3) in a groove-running-direction (R1) before and/or after its attachment on the support (2).
  4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that during the attachment of a cladding board (1a) to be previously attached, the fixing element (4) is placed into the recess (4) such, that it protrudes in the groove-running-direction (R1) over a rim (8) of the cladding board (1) that is facing a cladding board (1b) which is to be subsequently attached, such that the cladding board (1b) to be subsequently attached is stringed to the cladding board (1a) to be previously attached, by the protruding fixing element (4) of the previously attached cladding board (1a) being received in areas in at least one recess (4) of the subsequent cladding board (1b).
  5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface (4b) of the second region (4f) of the fixing element (4) facing the support (2) is attached on the support (2) by means an adhesive layer (5) being preferably arranged on said surface (4b), wherein preferably prior to the attachment of the fixing element (4) on the support (2) a non-adhesive protection layer (5a) is removed from the adhesive layer (5) preferably comprising a gel-like adhesive, particularly preferably an adhesive on the basis of a synthetic resin and/or of a natural resin, in particular a hot-melt adhesive.
  6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a self-foamable adhesive substance, in particular on a polyurethane basis, is used as the adhesive substance (10).
  7. Cladding system for insulation, particularly preferably for thermal insulation of a building, comprising a cladding board (1) in the form of an insulating board, comprising
    - at least one recess (3) being arranged in a surface (11b) of the cladding board (1) facing the support (2), being closed downwards by means of a bottom (3c) and being open towards the support (2) for the at least partial receiving of a fixing element (4), comprising at least two opposing surfaces (3a, 3b) and laterally delimiting the recess (3);
    - at least one fixing element (4) with a first region (4e) facing the cladding board (1) and a second region (4f) facing the support (2), as well as at least two opposing surfaces (4c, 4d), wherein a surface (4b) of the second region (4f) of the fixing element (4) facing the support (2) is adhesively attached on the support (2), wherein the first region (4e) of the fixing element (4) is at least partially received in the recess (3) of the cladding board (1), and wherein the second region (4f) at least partially protrudes over the surface (11b) of the cladding board (1) facing the support (2), and that the cladding board (1) in the attached position in addition to the attachment by means of the fixing element (4) is attached by means of an adhesive substance (10),
    characterized in that
    the fixing element (4) is designed as a block of cuboid or cylindrical shape, wherein due to a deformation of the fixing element (4) and/or of the cladding board (1) between the surfaces (3a, 3b) laterally delimiting the recess (3) and the opposing surfaces (4c, 4d) of the fixing element (4) a friction connection is provided, which allows an adjustment of the relative position of the cladding board (1) with respect to the support (2) and/or to a previously attached cladding board (1a) by means of a displacement of the fixing element (4) in the recess (3).
  8. The cladding system according to claim 7, characterized in that a relative position of the cladding board (1, 1b) with respect to the support (2) and/or to a previously attached cladding board (1a) is adjustable by means of a displacement of the fixing element (4) in the recess (3), wherein preferably the fixing element (4), in particular also after its attachment on the support (2), has a clearance in a direction perpendicular to the support (2) and/or in a direction parallel to the support (2).
  9. The cladding system according to any one of the claims 7-8, characterized in that the fixing element (4) is attached on the cladding board merely by means of the friction connection between the opposing surfaces (3a, 3b) and laterally delimiting the recess (3) and the opposing surfaces (4c, 4d) of the fixing element (4), wherein preferably a force of at least 0.5 N/cm2, more preferably of at least 0.8 N/cm2, and particularly preferably of in the region of 0.8-1.5 N/cm2, with respect to the total surface (4c, 4d) of the fixing element (4), which is in contact with the opposing surfaces (3a, 3b) and laterally delimiting the recess, has to be expended so as to displace the fixing element (4) in the recess (3), and wherein preferably the recess (3) comprises in at least one extension parallel to a surface (2a) of the support (2) a maximum width (b3) which is smaller than the width (b1) of the fixing element (4) measured in the same extension parallel to the surface (2a) of the support (2), particularly preferably in a region of 0.5-3 mm smaller, particularly in a region of 1-1.5 mm smaller.
  10. The cladding system according to any one of the claims 7-9, characterized in that the cladding board (1) comprises at least one, preferably two recesses (3) preferably being essentially parallel with respect to each other, wherein each recess (3) is preferably provided as a longitudinal groove, which in particular extends over the whole length (12) of the cladding board (1) essentially parallel with respect to an upper edge and lower edge of the cladding board (1) in a longitudinal direction (L) of the cladding board (1), and wherein the fixing element (4) is displaceable in the recess (3) in a groove-running-direction (R1) before and/or after its attachment on the support (2).
  11. The cladding system according to any one of the claims 7-10, characterized in that the cladding board (1) is attached on the support (2) by means of a self-foamable adhesive substance, in particular on a polyurethane basis, wherein preferably the friction force between the fixing element (4) and the cladding board (1) is greater than the driving force and the expansion force, respectively, of the adhesive substance (10) between the cladding board (1) and the support (2).
  12. The cladding system according to any one of the claims 7-11, characterized in that the adhesive force of the integral connection between the fixing element (4) and the support (2) is greater than the friction force between the fixing element (4) and the cladding board (1), and is preferably in the region of 160-260 N, particularly preferably in the region of 240 N, wherein the integral connection is effected through an adhesive layer (5) arranged on the surface (4b) of the fixing element (4) facing the support (2), preferably through an adhesive layer (5) comprising a gel-like adhesive, particularly preferably an adhesive on the basis of a synthetic resin and/or of a natural resin, in particular a hot-melt adhesive.
  13. The cladding system according to any one of the claims 7-12, characterized in that the cladding board (1) comprises an open-pored and/or closed-pored material, wherein the cladding board is preferably at least partially formed from polystyrene, in particular from expanded polystyrene or extruded styrene; and wherein preferably the fixing element (4) is essentially formed from the same material as the cladding board (1), wherein preferably the fixing element (4) comprises a rectangular, quadratic, round or elliptic ground plan.
  14. The cladding system according to any one of the claims 7-13, characterized in that the recess (3) comprises a maximum depth (t3) in a direction perpendicular to the surface (2a) of the support (2) which is smaller than the height (h1) of the fixing element (3) in a direction perpendicular to the surface (2a) of the support (2), wherein preferably the maximum depth (t3) of the recess is smaller than the height (h1) of the fixing element (4) in a region of 2-4 mm.
  15. The cladding system according to any one of the preceding claims 7-14, characterized in that the width of the recess (3) is 10-60 mm, preferably 15-25 mm, measured as the distance between the two opposing surfaces (3a, 3b) and laterally delimiting the recess.
EP09173870.8A 2008-12-15 2009-10-23 Cladding system Not-in-force EP2196588B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH01968/08A CH698624B1 (en) 2008-12-15 2008-12-15 Mounting for a thermal insulation board, at a building wall, has openings to take projecting plugs preventing the board from shifting

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2196588A1 EP2196588A1 (en) 2010-06-16
EP2196588B1 true EP2196588B1 (en) 2016-05-18

Family

ID=40627278

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09173870.8A Not-in-force EP2196588B1 (en) 2008-12-15 2009-10-23 Cladding system

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2196588B1 (en)
CH (1) CH698624B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2754767A1 (en) 2013-01-11 2014-07-16 Koelliker, Robert Insulation system with spacer
ES2490016B1 (en) * 2013-02-26 2015-08-12 Ibercal Morteros, S.L. Insulation set for exterior cladding of buildings

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20102849U1 (en) * 2001-02-21 2002-07-04 Marmorit Gmbh Insulation for a building wall

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6170213B1 (en) * 1998-01-13 2001-01-09 Dfb Sales, Inc. Wall panel mounting system and method
DE19913315A1 (en) 1999-03-24 2000-09-28 Sto Ag Process for the production of thermal insulation composite systems with the aid of an organic adhesive or leveling compound
DE102004037372A1 (en) * 2004-07-30 2006-03-23 JOMA-Dämmstoffwerk Josef Mang GmbH & Co KG Device for aligning panels, in particular facade insulation panels
DE102004060390A1 (en) * 2004-12-14 2006-06-29 Brillux Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for installing insulation boards
DE102006060538A1 (en) 2006-05-15 2007-11-22 Fischerwerke Artur Fischer Gmbh & Co. Kg Fastening element and method for fixing insulating panels

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20102849U1 (en) * 2001-02-21 2002-07-04 Marmorit Gmbh Insulation for a building wall

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH698624B1 (en) 2009-09-15
EP2196588A1 (en) 2010-06-16

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