EP2189664B1 - Tuyère d'éjection à géométrie variable à aubes multiples pour turbomachine - Google Patents

Tuyère d'éjection à géométrie variable à aubes multiples pour turbomachine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2189664B1
EP2189664B1 EP09012043.7A EP09012043A EP2189664B1 EP 2189664 B1 EP2189664 B1 EP 2189664B1 EP 09012043 A EP09012043 A EP 09012043A EP 2189664 B1 EP2189664 B1 EP 2189664B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
profile
stator
rotary base
vane
measured
Prior art date
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EP09012043.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2189664A2 (fr
EP2189664A3 (fr
Inventor
Volker Gümmer
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Rolls Royce Deutschland Ltd and Co KG
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Rolls Royce Deutschland Ltd and Co KG
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Publication of EP2189664A3 publication Critical patent/EP2189664A3/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/56—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable
    • F04D29/563—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/10—Final actuators
    • F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
    • F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
    • F01D17/16—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes
    • F01D17/162—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes for axial flow, i.e. the vanes turning around axes which are essentially perpendicular to the rotor centre line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/141—Shape, i.e. outer, aerodynamic form
    • F01D5/146—Shape, i.e. outer, aerodynamic form of blades with tandem configuration, split blades or slotted blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/60—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling
    • F04D29/64—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of axial pumps
    • F04D29/644—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of axial pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multiblade adjusting stator unit of a fluid power machine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the aerodynamic load capacity and the efficiency of fluid flow machines is limited in particular by the growth and detachment of boundary layers in the region of the radial gap between the blading and the housing or the hub which is structurally necessary at the annular channel edge.
  • turntables are usually completely round. Since the diameter is limited by the distance between two adjacent blades, only turntable, the diameter of which are significantly smaller than the profile length of the blade in the respective Hub- or especially with narrow blade pitches, as they are increasingly found in modern machines, are provided Housing area. There remains inevitably a considerable radial gap before and / or behind the turntable.
  • the Fig. 1 shows a part of a fluid flow machine in the region of one of its prior art Verstellstator 42n 1, shown in the meridian plane. Apart from the adjustment stator row 1 itself, components in the hub area 3 and housing area 3 are indicated, which hold the adjusting stator 1 inside and outside.
  • the view AA is shown, showing the inner flow path boundary (hub 3) in the plane formed by the meridional direction m and the circumferential direction u.
  • the construction shown here according to the prior art provides separate from each other in the hub 3 mounted turntable 5 of individual adjusting blades before.
  • Each turntable 5 is connected to a single blade 1.
  • the blade 1 protrudes significantly with its front and / or rear edge on the turntable 5 addition.
  • the representation is made as an example for the hub 3, but there is a basically the same arrangement of the turntable 5 on the housing side boundary of the flow path of the fluid flow machine.
  • the invention relates to at least one adjustable unit of a stator blade row, optionally also as an element of an adjustable guide wheel, a fluid flow machine.
  • the blading in question is arranged within a housing which limits the flow of usually at least one rotor blade row (rotor) and at least one row of stator blades (stator) with a fluid to the outside.
  • a rotor comprises a plurality of rotor blades attached to a rotating shaft and supplies energy to the working fluid
  • a stator consists of a plurality of stator blades usually mounted in the housing.
  • the US Pat. No. 3,069,070 shows a centrifugal compressor, in which two stator blades are arranged on a common turntable and are rotatable about a common axis of rotation.
  • centrifugal compressor is out of the CH 492 130 A known.
  • this two blades are mounted on a common turntable and also rotatable about a common axis of rotation.
  • the DE 28 35 349 B1 shows the arrangement of a respective stator blade on a turntable and the assignment of the adjacent turntable.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide an adjustable Statorschaufelan extract of the aforementioned type, which achieved avoiding the disadvantages of the prior art, a substantial or complete avoidance of Radialteilspalten at the blade end by the provision of at least two stator blades on a turntable.
  • the present invention thus relates to variable stator blade rows of fluid flow machines such as fans, compressors, pumps, and fans in axial, semi-axial, or even radial design.
  • the working medium can be gaseous or liquid.
  • Verstellstatoran extract in which a storage is provided solely in the housing or alone in the hub with full radial gap at the other end of the blade.
  • the Fig. 2b shows on its left side (a.) A series of uniformly at the same pitch t arranged stator blades 1 identical profile shape in the design position, ie in the nominal position.
  • the conventional turntable conventional turntable are shown in dashed lines.
  • the solution on which the invention is based provides larger turntable 5, each of which is connected in the variant shown here with two blades 1 (dual configuration).
  • the blades 1 are here largely on the turntable 5 and protrude only with the front and / or rear edge slightly beyond the turntable 5, both blades 1 have a relative coverage n / l greater than 0.5.
  • the embodiment shown here even shows an advantageous relative coverage n / l of over 0.75.
  • the right half of the figure (b.) Shows the variable stator arrangement in a partial load operating point of the fluid flow machine, d. H. with an adjustment of the blades 1 towards larger stagger angles ⁇ . For large amounts of ⁇ there is a collision of two adjacent vanes 1 belonging to different turntables 5, so that this solution is only well suited for small adjustment ranges.
  • the Fig. 3 shows a similar Verstellstatoran Aunt as Fig. 2b but here the blade pitch t alternates between two blades 1 in each case, that two blades 1 lying closer to one another are arranged on a turntable 5.
  • the leading and trailing edges of the blades 1 continue to form a straight line.
  • the right-hand side of the picture (b.) Again shows the variable stator arrangement in partial load operation. Due to the alternating blade pitch results in a larger possible adjustment range, before it comes to a collision of two adjacent to different turntables 5 belonging blades 1.
  • the Fig. 4 shows a similar Verstellstatoran extract as Fig. 3 , however, additionally the meridional position of the blades 1 alternates such that on a turntable 5 the leading edge of a blade 1 is arranged farther downstream relative to the meridional direction m (meridional profile offset a> 0), the profile depths of two adjacent blades 1 are less than 10% and the stagger angle ⁇ U of the blade located farther downstream is smaller than the stagger angle ⁇ D of the blade further upstream, see the left side of the figure (a.).
  • the right-hand side of the picture (b.) Again shows the variable stator arrangement in partial load operation. Due to the different blade pitch and the meridional profile offset results in a streamlined configuration and a slightly larger possible adjustment range.
  • the Fig. 5 shows a similar Verstellstatoran Aunt as Fig. 4 However, the two provided on a turntable 5 blades 1 with respect to the tread depth I, the staggering angle ⁇ and the meridional profile offset a significant differences.
  • the arrangement is particularly favorable here designed such that both blades 1 completely without overhang on the turntable 5 place, see left side (a.).
  • the right-hand side of the picture (b.) Again shows the variable stator arrangement in partial load operation. Due to the complete placement on the turntable 5 results in a streamlined configuration and an unlimited adjustment.
  • the Fig. 6a shows a similar Verstellstatoran Aunt as Fig. 5 , in which also both blades 1 completely without overhang on the turntable. 5 Find a place.
  • a difference of the profile depths of the two blades 1 of at least 25% is provided in order to achieve improved utilization of the turntable 5.
  • the shorter profile is arranged on the turntable 5 on the pressure side of the longer profile, see left image page (a.).
  • the right-hand side of the picture (b.) Again shows the variable stator arrangement in partial load operation. Due to the complete placement on the turntable 5 results in a streamlined configuration and an unlimited adjustment.
  • the Fig. 6c shows a likewise advantageous according to the invention dual arrangement with the property that the front edge of the farther downstream profile is provided in the vicinity of the trailing edge and the pressure side of the further upstream profile, see left side (a.).
  • the right-hand side of the picture (b.) Again shows the variable stator arrangement in partial load operation.
  • the narrowness of the profiles according to the invention is described by further variables identified in the picture.
  • l2 is the total profile depth, ie the length of the dual arrangement in the direction of the pressure applied to the entire arrangement tangent.
  • the entanglement b2 is measured (positive as shown) in the direction of the total tread depth.
  • Further characteristics are the total division w and the total height v, both are measured perpendicular to the total profile depth. For particularly favorable arrangements: - 0.1 ⁇ b 2 / I 2 ⁇ 0.1 and v / w ⁇ 0.3
  • the Fig. 6d shows another favorable dual arrangement with bottleneck, here with a short front profile, see left image page (a.).
  • the right-hand side of the picture (b.) Shows the variable stator arrangement at partial load operation.
  • the 6E shows a constriction arrangement in which three profiles are arranged in series, see left side of the image (a.).
  • the right-hand side of the picture (b.) Shows the variable stator arrangement at partial load operation.
  • the Fig. 7a shows a similar Verstellstatoran Aunt as Fig. 6 in which also both blades are completely without overhang on the turntable 5 place and a difference in the profile depths of the two blades of at least 25% is provided in order to achieve improved utilization of the turntable.
  • the shorter profile is here, however, advantageously arranged on the turntable 5 on the suction side of the longer profile, see left side of the picture (a.).
  • the right-hand side of the picture (b.) Again shows the variable stator arrangement in partial load operation. Due to the complete placement on the turntable results in a very streamlined arrangement and an unlimited adjustment.
  • the 7c shows the Verstellstatoran Aunt Fig. 7a , with different design solutions.
  • the turntable-blade arrangement is also shown in the mu-plane. Plotted there is the course of view BB.
  • the Fig.7d shows the Verstellstatoran extract Fig. 7a in the meridian view. Concealed blade edges are dotted.
  • the Figure 8a shows an adjustable stator assembly as Fig. 6 in which three blades 1 find room completely without overhang on the turntable 5 and a difference of the minimum and maximum profile depth of the three blades 1 of at least 25% is provided in order to achieve improved utilization of the turntable 5. It is particularly advantageous to provide a longer profile between two shorter, the short suction side of the long profile arranged profile in Meridianströmungscardi m further upstream than the short pressure side of the long profile arranged profile, see left side (a.). It is also advantageous if the two short profiles have a lower relative curvature f / l than the long profile.
  • the long profile has a low relative eccentricity of 2 ⁇ e / d ⁇ 0.15 and at least one of the short profiles has a high relative eccentricity of 2 ⁇ e / d> 0.35. It is also advantageous if the staggering angle decreases from the short suction-side-arranged profile to the long, centrally arranged profile and further to the short pressure-side profile: ⁇ U > ⁇ M > ⁇ D.
  • the 8B shows the Verstellstatoran Aunt Fig. 8a , with different design solutions.
  • the turntable-blade arrangement is also shown in the mu-plane. Plotted there is the course of view BB.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Machine à écoulement avec une voie d'écoulement principale délimitée par un moyeu (3) et un boîtier (2), dans laquelle est disposée au moins une rangée d'aubes de stator réglables (1), sachant que sur au moins un moyeu (3) ou un boîtier (2) est disposé au moins un agencement avec au moins deux aubes de stator (1) reliées à une base rotative (5) commune, sachant que lors du réglage de cette unité de stator variable à plusieurs aubes, lesdites au moins deux aubes de stator (1) sont pivotables autour d'un axe de rotation (4) commun, caractérisée en ce que la cambrure relative f/l du profil disposé avec son centroïde plus en aval dans le sens méridional est bien supérieure à la cambrure relative f/l du profil disposé avec son centroïde plus en amont dans le sens méridional, conformément à (f/l)aval > 1,2 * (f/l)amont, sachant que l est la profondeur du profil mesurée dans le sens de la corde du profil et f la cambrure du profil mesurée comme écart vertical du point de la ligne moyenne, le plus éloigné de la corde du profil par rapport à la ligne du profil.
  2. Machine à écoulement selon la revendication n° 1, caractérisée en ce que toutes les aubes de stator (1) disposées sur la base rotative (5) présentent une couverture relative n/l supérieure à 0,5 et/ ou qu'au moins une aube de stator (1) disposée sur la base rotative (5) présente une couverture relative n/l supérieure à 0,75, sachant que n est la couverture du profil mesurée entre les points d'intersection de la ligne moyenne de l'aube de stator (1) et le cercle marginal de la base rotative (5) dans le sens de la corde du profil de l'aube de stator (1) et l est la profondeur du profil, mesurée dans le sens de la corde du profil.
  3. Machine à écoulement selon une des revendications n° 1 ou n° 2, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une aube de stator (1) disposée sur la base rotative (5) présente une profondeur de profil par rapport au diamètre d de la base rotative, telle que 0,8 < l/d < 1,2, sachant que l est la profondeur du profil mesurée dans le sens de la corde du profil.
  4. Machine à écoulement selon une des revendications n° 1 à n° 3, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une des aubes de stator (1) disposées sur la base rotative (5) ne présente aucune saillie (couverture relative n/l = 1), sachant que n est la couverture du profil mesurée entre les points d'intersection de la ligne moyenne de l'aube de stator (1) et le cercle marginal de la base rotative (5) dans le sens de la corde du profil de l'aube de stator (1) et l est la profondeur du profil, mesurée dans le sens de la corde du profil.
  5. Machine à écoulement selon une des revendications n° 1 à n° 4, caractérisée en ce que toutes les aubes de stator (1) disposées sur la base rotative (5) ne présentent aucune saillie (couverture relative n/l = 1), sachant que n est la couverture du profil mesurée entre les points d'intersection de la ligne moyenne de l'aube de stator (1) et le cercle marginal de la base rotative (5) dans le sens de la corde du profil de l'aube de stator (1) et l est la profondeur du profil, mesurée dans le sens de la corde du profil.
  6. Machine à écoulement selon une des revendications n° 1 à n° 5, caractérisée en ce que l'écart entre des aubes de stator adjacentes (1) de la rangée d'aubes de stator variables varie périodiquement dans le sens circonférentiel de la machine à écoulement.
  7. Machine à écoulement selon une des revendications n° 1 à n° 6, caractérisée en ce que dans au moins une position de la base rotative (5), au moins une des lignes de liaison des points de bord d'aube similaires (points de bord d'attaque ou de bord de fuite) des aubes de stator (1) de la rangée d'aubes de stator variables, disposées sur la bordure de la voie d'écoulement principale s'étend de manière périodiquement variable le long de la circonférence de la machine à écoulement, avec un positionnement méridional différent des bords d'aube similaires, sachant que notamment au moins deux des aubes de stator (1) disposées sur la base rotative (5) sont conçues de différente taille concernant au moins une des grandeurs profondeur du profil l, cambrure relative f/l et angle de décalage λ, sachant que f est la cambrure du profil mesurée comme écart vertical du point de la ligne moyenne, le plus éloigné de la corde du profil par rapport à la corde du profil, et λ est l'angle de décalage mesuré entre le sens méridional m et la corde du profil, et l la profondeur du profil mesurée dans le sens de la corde du profil, et/ ou qu'un angle de décalage A des aubes de stator (1) disposées sur une base rotative (5) augmente progressivement d'une aube à l'autre - en observant l'unité de stator variable à plusieurs aubes le long de la circonférence de la machine à écoulement et se poursuivant d'un côté d'aspiration convexe au côté de refoulement concave du profil suivant, sachant que λ est l'angle de décalage mesuré entre le sens méridional m et la corde du profil, et/ ou notamment que deux aubes de stator (1) sont disposées sur une base rotative (5), sachant qu'il existe une différence concernant la profondeur du profil l et sachant que l'aube de stator (1) avec la profondeur de profil inférieure est disposée sur la base rotative (5) côté aspiration de l'aube de stator (1) avec la profondeur de profil supérieure, ou sachant que l'aube de stator (1) avec la profondeur de profil inférieure est disposée sur la base rotative (5) côté refoulement de l'aube de stator (1) avec la profondeur de profil supérieure, sachant que l est la profondeur du profil mesurée dans le sens de la corde du profil.
  8. Machine à écoulement selon la revendication n° 7, caractérisée en ce que le centre de la base rotative (5) par rapport à l'aube de stator (1) avec la profondeur de profil supérieure se trouve sur le même côté que l'aube de stator avec la profondeur de profil inférieure.
  9. Machine à écoulement selon une des revendications n° 7 ou n° 8, caractérisée en ce que
    a.) le décalage méridional du profil a est constitué conformément à 0 < (a / (b+c)) < 0,25
    b.) le chevauchement méridional b est constitué conformément à 0 < (b / (b+c)) < 0,65, et
    c.) l'écart côté refoulement q est constitué conformément à 0,3 < (q / (g+q)) < 0,7,
    sachant que c est la distance résiduelle méridionale et g l'écart côté aspiration.
  10. Machine à écoulement selon une des revendications n° 1 à n° 7, caractérisée en ce que le bord d'attaque d'au moins une aube de stator disposée en aval sur la base rotative est prévu à proximité du bord de fuite et côté refoulement d'une aube de stator disposée plus loin en amont, sachant que pour la profondeur totale du profil l2, le chevauchement b2, le pas total w et la hauteur totale v de l'agencement des deux aubes de stator concernées s'applique : -0,1 < b2 / l2 < 0,1 et v/w < 0,3, sachant que l2 est la profondeur totale du profil, mesurée comme la longueur de l'agencement double en direction de la tangente appliquée à l'agencement total côté refoulement, b2 est le chevauchement en direction de la profondeur totale du profil, w est le pas total mesuré perpendiculairement à la profondeur du profil et v la hauteur totale mesurée perpendiculairement à la profondeur totale du profil.
  11. Machine à écoulement selon une des revendications n° 1 à n° 7, caractérisée en ce que trois aubes de stator (1) sont disposées sur une base rotative (5), sachant que l'aube de stator médiane (1) quant à la profondeur de profil l présente une différence d'au moins 25 % par rapport aux deux autres aubes de stator (1), sachant que notamment au moins un pied d'aube (6) présente l'épaisseur de la base rotative et jouxte bout-à-bout une autre partie de la base rotative (5), sachant qu'est constituée une liaison soudée entre l'aube de stator (1) et la base rotative (5) sur le côté de la base rotative (5) opposé à la voie d'écoulement principale, ou sachant qu'au moins un pied d'aube (6) est prévu sur le côté orienté vers la voie d'écoulement dans un évidement dans la base rotative (5) et forme un insert plat avec surface d'appui oblique dans la base rotative (5), ou sachant qu'au moins un pied d'aube (6) est disposé sur une autre partie de la base rotative (5) sous forme de liaison de type rainure et languette, sachant qu'est prévue une liaison entre l'aube de stator (1) et la base rotative (5) sur le côté de la base rotative (5) opposé à la voie d'écoulement principale.
  12. Machine à écoulement selon une des revendications n° 1 à n° 10, caractérisée en ce que la pluralité des unités de stator variables à plusieurs aubes de la rangée d'aubes de stator variables est réglable de manière synchrone autour de l'axe de rotation (4) dans la plage totale de 360° ou que l'unité de stator variable à plusieurs aubes comprend au moins deux composants qui sont fabriqués séparément puis assemblés, sachant que sur une base rotative (5), au moins une aube de stator (1) ne possède aucun pied d'aube prononcé (6) et que la liaison avec la base rotative (5) est réalisée par soudage ou assemblage à proximité immédiate du profil de cette aube de stator (1).
  13. Machine à écoulement selon une des revendications n° 1 à n° 10, caractérisée en ce que l'unité de stator variable à plusieurs aubes comprend au moins deux composants fabriqués séparément puis assemblés, sachant que sur une base rotative (5), au moins deux aubes de stator (1) présentent chacune un pied d'aube (6), sachant que lesdits au moins deux pieds d'aube (6) forment au moins une partie d'une forme ronde de la base rotative (5) sur la bordure de la voie d'écoulement.
  14. Machine à écoulement selon la revendication n° 11, caractérisée en ce qu'un prolongement au moins partiel de l'aube de stator (1) est ajustée dans un orifice dans la base rotative (5) et qu'est prévue une liaison entre l'aube de stator (1) et la base rotative (5) sur le côté de la base rotative (5) opposé à la voie d'écoulement principale.
EP09012043.7A 2008-11-19 2009-09-22 Tuyère d'éjection à géométrie variable à aubes multiples pour turbomachine Active EP2189664B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008058014A DE102008058014A1 (de) 2008-11-19 2008-11-19 Mehrschaufelige Verstellstatoreinheit einer Strömungsarbeitsmaschine

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2189664A2 EP2189664A2 (fr) 2010-05-26
EP2189664A3 EP2189664A3 (fr) 2015-11-04
EP2189664B1 true EP2189664B1 (fr) 2018-08-15

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US (1) US8672618B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2189664B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008058014A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2189664A2 (fr) 2010-05-26
EP2189664A3 (fr) 2015-11-04
US8672618B2 (en) 2014-03-18
DE102008058014A1 (de) 2010-05-20
US20100124487A1 (en) 2010-05-20

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