EP2163375B1 - Device for pressing empty deformable containers - Google Patents

Device for pressing empty deformable containers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2163375B1
EP2163375B1 EP09011506.4A EP09011506A EP2163375B1 EP 2163375 B1 EP2163375 B1 EP 2163375B1 EP 09011506 A EP09011506 A EP 09011506A EP 2163375 B1 EP2163375 B1 EP 2163375B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
discs
sections
working area
cutting
disks
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EP09011506.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2163375A2 (en
EP2163375A3 (en
Inventor
Hermann Schwelling
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/32—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars
    • B30B9/321—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars for consolidating empty containers, e.g. cans
    • B30B9/325—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars for consolidating empty containers, e.g. cans between rotary pressing members, e.g. rollers, discs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/142—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with two or more inter-engaging rotatable cutter assemblies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/0056—Other disintegrating devices or methods specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for
    • B02C19/0081—Other disintegrating devices or methods specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for specially adapted for breaking-up bottles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3003—Details
    • B30B9/301—Feed means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for compressing empty containers, such as beverage bottles or cans and the like. Waste.
  • Such devices are used to empty containers, especially those from the food industry, such as beverage bottles, cans and the like. deformable containers, to compact, for transport to the recycling facilities or for the recycling process itself.
  • devices which operate on the principle of plate pressing and, on the other hand, devices whose press unit (s) contain rollers. These devices are optimized for the processing of plastic containers or tinplate containers / cans.
  • the pressing device (s) of these devices is often preceded by a perforator, for example a perforator after the DE 43 38 561 A1 or the US 5,642,661 A .
  • devices are also known in which means for perforating are provided on pressed parts of the pressing device (s), for example in a device for compacting empty beverage containers according to the DE 100 55 201 A1 .
  • This device has an essentially funnel-shaped tapering conveyor section into which the beverage containers enter and are successively compacted under the action of devices for conveying and pressing together which laterally delimit the conveyor section.
  • rollers are equipped with knife-shaped elevations distributed over their circumference, which extend over the length of the rollers, that is to say parallel to the axis of rotation thereof.
  • devices for conveying and compressing the beverage containers in this device consist of rollers driven by drum motors.
  • This device is expensive and maintenance-intensive mainly because of the latter modules.
  • devices known from the prior art can compress both empty, deformable containers made of plastic or tinplate / metal.
  • the pressing or pressing and cutting units used for this represent a compromise. Either they are optimized with regard to high quality and / or quantity when compressing plastic containers, or for compressing metal containers; or a compromise is made on both types of feedstock.
  • the main idea of the invention is that with the new device with only one pair of rollers with special axially oriented areas, said containers made of plastic, in a first working area, and made of metal, can be compressed in a second working area, almost simultaneously, side by side.
  • the device according to the invention has a cutting and pressing unit and means for driving and controlling the cutting and pressing unit, the Cutting and pressing unit contains at least two co-operating, counter-rotating rollers with respect to their axes of rotation, each roller having a plurality of disks, each with an axial spacing (clearance).
  • a first work area for compressing the plastic containers and a second work area for compressing the metal containers are arranged, the area assigned to the first work area each roller and the area of each roller assigned to the second work area has at least two sections with a different nature, the nature of the sections in the first work area being different from the nature of the sections in the second work area with regard to the material of the containers supplied, in particular the different nature of the Sections are defined by a different body shape or differences in their body shape.
  • the cutting and pressing unit is arranged in a frame / housing with a filling opening and an outlet opening.
  • perforations can be made simultaneously / cut in areas or cut and pressed in areas.
  • the means for this are designed and arranged on each of the two (press) rollers, preferably integrated in the same, in particular a component of their body itself, in terms of the method during the section-wise cutting or cutting of the flattened Material and / or immediately following, quasi in the final phase of such a cut, hook incised wall sections of the wall sections of a container pressed together. This counteracts the attempt to expand the container after pressing, which is determined by its original body shape, the elasticity values of the container material and the pressing process.
  • hooking in the sense of the invention is to be understood to mean that longitudinal or transverse sections / edge regions of a cut in a wall of the compressed container come to lie next to one another with the corresponding longitudinal or transverse edge of the relevant incised section of the opposite wall of the compressed container without partially free edges of the incised section in question protruding from the compressed, now essentially plate-shaped body.
  • the means for compressing are shaped and arranged in their position in relation to the means for compressing on the roller which is positioned essentially parallel opposite one another such that the outer surface of the container, viewed in the transverse direction to its conveying direction, at least in sections is cut or at least scored.
  • the new device enables the preparation of containers made of plastic, in particular PET material, and containers made of tinplate in the manner mentioned, without additional settings on the device.
  • disks of different nature are preferably also provided on each roller, the difference in nature being defined at least by the respective outer diameter of the disks. Furthermore, in the assembled state, the axial offset of the two rollers is such that at least two opposing disks with the largest outer diameter are next to one another and, with their side surfaces facing one another, mesh with one another.
  • this device provides that the axial distance between adjacent disks is established on each roller by means of a radially directed recess.
  • sections arranged next to one another are arranged next to one another in each working area on each roller, disks of the same nature being in each section. It is also advantageous that sections arranged next to one another each have disks of a different nature, wherein if there are more than two sections in a work area, sections with disks of a different nature are arranged alternately on each roller.
  • the first working area has at least one first section with disks with a smaller diameter - hereinafter also referred to as thrust washers - and at least one second section with at least one disk with a larger diameter - hereinafter also referred to as cutting disks.
  • the second working area has at least a third section with disks with a small diameter - hereinafter also referred to as pressing disks - and at least a fourth section with at least one disk with a larger diameter - also referred to below as scoring disks.
  • the disks with a smaller diameter are wider than the disks with a larger diameter.
  • the distance between axially adjacent disks with a smaller diameter is defined with a second recess, with a width for the intermeshing engagement of the opposite disk with a larger diameter, along with cutting clearance on both sides.
  • a third recess is provided on each roller between a disk with a larger diameter and a disk with a smaller diameter, the width of which is narrower than the width of a disk with a larger diameter.
  • the length of the sections with one or more disks of larger diameter is preferably less than the length of the sections which have disks with a smaller diameter.
  • the disks of the second section, the cutting disks, the largest diameter and the disks of the third section, the pressing disks have the smallest diameter.
  • the disks of the first section, the pressure disks, and the disks of the fourth section, the scoring disks have substantially approximately, but not exactly the same diameter, the diameter of the disks of the fourth section, the scoring disks, being a little, approximately 0, 5 to 3% larger than the diameter of the disks of the first section, the pressure disks.
  • the flank trailing in the circumferential direction of the grooves arranged at least in the circumferential surface of the cutting disk or cutting disks forms a circumferential surface with the circumferential surface pointing acute-angled hook / tooth
  • the flank (groove flank) starting at the tip, at least in sections has a linear profile and is directed counter to the direction of rotation of the roller (the direction of rotation) and the adjoining transition area towards the groove base and / or the flank lying in the direction of rotation, is arcuate.
  • the two flanks of each groove preferably run parallel or divergent to one another.
  • the tip angle of the hook / tooth is preferably chosen between 45 ° and 80 °.
  • cutting clearance between adjacent cutting or scratching disks preferably has a value between 0.2 mm and 2 mm.
  • the speed of the rotating rollers is preferably 60 rpm. It is also advantageous if wipers are arranged between the disks, serial wipers of document shredders being used, each of which does not completely encompass the core diameter of the roller in question. The applicant can use their own tried and tested solutions.
  • the starting pulse for the rollers takes place, for example, via a light barrier and a run-on time is provided.
  • Nozzles are provided in the housing of the device for the application of disinfectant to the rollers and / or the inlet and outlet openings.
  • the external dimensions of the device are such that it can be connected to automatic bottle and / or can acceptance machines.
  • the new device for squeezing empty containers is in the 1a and 1b each shown schematically in a side view with a partially open side surface and a view of the cutting and pressing unit 4.
  • the device here comprises a housing 1 with a filling opening 2 in its front side 1.2 and an outlet opening 3, also called an outlet opening, in its lower side 1.3. and a cutting and pressing unit 4 arranged in the housing 1 and, not shown here, means for driving and controlling the cutting and pressing unit 4.
  • the upper side 1.1 and the rear side 1.4 of the housing 1 are closed in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the cutting and pressing unit 4 contains two with respect to their axes of rotation A1, A2, cf. Fig. 3b , rollers 4.1 and 4.2 arranged at a distance from one another.
  • a slide 9 is provided from the lower edge of the filling opening 2 to the cutting and pressing unit 4, on which the containers G3, G2 or G1 entered enter the unit 4 in a rolling or sliding manner.
  • a separator 10 Positioned above this chute 9 is a separator 10 which, with its vanes 12 rotating here about an axis of rotation 11, here three, in the conveying direction F feeds the containers G3, G2 or G1 to the unit 4 and at the same time, at least until the containers are caught by their rollers 4.1, 4.2, presses the same into the nip of the cutting and pressing unit 4.
  • Dk denotes the circumferential circle / effective circle described by the ends of the wings 12.
  • a plate-like frame part 13 is arranged to delimit the receiving space.
  • the area of the exit of the objects prepared in the cutting and pressing unit 4 has the reference number 7.
  • Special training is provided - see in 2 to 3b - That at least in the effective area of the two rollers 4.1, 4.2 axially next to each other, a first working area 21, for compressing the containers made of plastic, and a second working area 22, for compressing the containers made of metal, are arranged.
  • Each roller 4.1 and 4.2 viewed in the longitudinal direction of its axis of rotation A1 or A2, has at least two, preferably several, first Sections S1, second sections S2, third sections S3 and fourth sections S1, with disks successively following sections S1, S2 or S3, S4 each having a different outer diameter D1; D2 or D3, D4 have, and, in the assembled state of the two rollers 4.1 and 4.2, at least the sections S2 having the larger outer diameter D2 offset from one another and their disks 5 with their peripheral surfaces and their mutually facing side surfaces 5.2 partially intermeshing (overlapping) are arranged side by side.
  • the peripheral surfaces 5.1 of the cutting disks 5 each have at least one groove.
  • the distance between the axes of rotation A1, A2 of the rollers 4.1, 4.2 to one another is preferably selected such that between the opposing disks 60, i.e. there is a distance 23 between each of their diameters D3 and between disks 6 lying opposite one another in the first working area 21, between their respective diameters D1 there is a distance 24. It is advantageous that in the second working area 22 for compressing metal containers, the distance 23 there between the opposite disks 60 is greater than the distance 24 in the first working area 21. This distance 24 with respect to the opposite disks 6 of the rollers 4.1 and 4.2 can also be negative in terms of amount.
  • the length L2 of the second sections S2 with disks 5 with the first larger outer diameter D2 is less than the length L1 of the first sections S1, the disks 6 with the smaller outer diameter Have diameter D1.
  • the axial distance between the disks 6 themselves and the disks 5 is produced by radially inward recesses E1 with the width B3.
  • the axial distance between adjacent disks 60 is in each case produced by a second recess E2 and the axial distance between the disks 60 and 50 is in each case produced by a third recess E3.
  • B1 denotes the width of the pressure disks 6, B2 the width of the cutting disks 5, B4 the width of the pressure disks 60 and B5 the width of the scoring disks 50.
  • the overlap of adjacent and opposite cutting disks 5 is selected in a range of values between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm, this overlap is preferably 10% of the width of a disk 5 or 6.
  • the left end region of the roller 4.1 is shaped as a bearing and drive journal 4.5 and the right end region as a bearing journal 4.4.
  • the discs of the rollers 4.1 and 4.2 are hardened and have max. a hardness of 55 HRc.
  • the diameter D2 of the second sections S2 is preferably 77 to 79 mm, the diameter D1 of the first, smaller sections S1 70 to 71 mm and the core diameter 4.3 in the first working area 21 of the rollers 4.1 and 4.2 50 to 62 mm and the core diameter 4.6 in the second Working range 22 60 to 67 mm.
  • the diameter D4 of the fourth sections S4 is preferably 71 to 73 mm, the diameter D3 of the third, smaller sections S3 67.5 to 70 mm
  • the starting pulse for the rollers 4.1 and 4.2 is preferably carried out via a light barrier, which is not shown here;
  • a run-on time is also specified with this control part, so that all the containers supplied always leave the cutting and pressing unit. When the rollers are at rest, there is therefore no container between them; Sticking due to the remaining contents of the containers and unnecessary stress on the working areas of the cutting disks are avoided.
  • the two groove flanks FL and FL1 preferably run parallel or diverging FL and FL2.
  • the tip angle W of the hook 5.4 is preferably chosen between 45 ° and 80 °.
  • Fig. 4a is the left section of the in Fig. 2 shown second, the rear roller 4.2 shown in mirror image.
  • Item 4.5 designates the bearing and drive journal provided at this end area.
  • a cutting disc 5 is flanked on both sides by a pressure disc 6.
  • Grooves 6.3 and 5.33 are arranged in the respective peripheral surface 6.1 and 5.1, respectively, which break through their side surfaces 6.2 and 5.2.
  • FIG. 4a A front view too Fig. 4a is in the Fig. 4b shown with a view of the side surface 6.2 and the hook 5.4 of the cutting disc 5 arranged behind it
  • Fig. 4c is a front view of Fig. 4a shown, in which the cutting disc 5 has been omitted in the representation of the component under consideration in order to better show the shape of the grooves 6.3 in the pressure disc 6.
  • the depth of the grooves 6.3 is significantly smaller in relation to the depth of the grooves 5.3 / 5.33.
  • FIG. 6 Another variant of a separator is shown.
  • This separator 14 has two, seen in side (front) view, star-shaped shafts, the direction of rotation R or R 'is equal to the associated rollers.
  • these wings are shaped like a polygon 17 or arc 18 towards their free ends.
  • These designs ensure even better than the basic variant that the supplied containers, especially containers with a volume between 0.25 liters to 3 liters, receive an optimal pressure in the direction of the feed gap of the cutting and pressing unit 4.
  • the end regions of the wings 17 and 18 are covered with lancing elements 19.
  • the tip of these lancing elements 19 points in the direction of rotation, that is, in the working direction. This measure improves the holding and feeding of the containers towards the feed gap of the cutting and pressing unit 4. Especially with very thin-walled and very flexible containers such a container could slip away.
  • These lancing elements 19 counteract such efforts.
  • the surfaces of the wings 17 or 18 facing the respective container can be roughened or have a rough coating.
  • Fig. 1 When running after Fig. 1 are provided on the front side 1.2 in the area of the filler opening 15. The same are attached there if the device is to be coupled to a bottle and / or can acceptance machine.
  • the invention also includes an embodiment in which grooves according to the in Figure 5 shown shape are incorporated into the peripheral surfaces 6.1, 51 and 61 of the disks 6, 50 and 60. It is rational in terms of production technology that the recesses are first made and thus the disks are formed, then the grooves are worked in and only then on the relevant disks 5, 6, 50 and 60 the intended outer diameter D1, D2, D3 and D4 is manufactured. On the one hand, this procedure can be related to the entire shaft or to the respective working area 21 and 22, so that the disks 5, 6 or 50, 60 of these working areas 21 or 22 have a different groove shape.
  • a combination disk 70 is provided in the transition area between the work areas 21 and 22 at least on one of the rollers.
  • This combination disc has on the one hand a section corresponding to the shape of the third disk 60 and on the other hand a section corresponding to the shape of a first disk 6.
  • subdivide the first working area the area for compressing empty plastic containers, for example into a sub-area for white, one for blue and a sub-area for green PET bottles.
  • the second work area the area for compressing metal containers
  • the second work area can be divided into a sub-area for tinplate containers and a second sub-area for aluminum containers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Zusammendrücken leerer Behälter, wie Getränkeflaschen oder -dosen u.ä. Abfallgut.The invention relates to a device for compressing empty containers, such as beverage bottles or cans and the like. Waste.

Derartige Vorrichtungen werden verwendet, um leere Behälter, insbesondere solche aus dem Lebensmittelbereich, wie Getränkeflaschen, Dosen u.ä. verformbare Behältnisse, zu kompaktieren, für den Transport zu den Recyclinganlagen hin bzw. für den Recyclingprozess selbst.Such devices are used to empty containers, especially those from the food industry, such as beverage bottles, cans and the like. deformable containers, to compact, for transport to the recycling facilities or for the recycling process itself.

Bekannt sind zum einen Vorrichtungen die nach dem Prinzip der Plattenpressung arbeiten und zum anderen solche, deren Presseinheit/-en Walzen enthalten. Diese Vorrichtungen sind entweder für die Aufbereitung von Kunststoffbehältern oder von Weißblech-Behältern/-dosen optimiert.On the one hand, devices are known which operate on the principle of plate pressing and, on the other hand, devices whose press unit (s) contain rollers. These devices are optimized for the processing of plastic containers or tinplate containers / cans.

Da besagtes Abfallgut in nicht unbedeutender Anzahl auch verschlossene Behälter enthalten kann, ist der/den Presseinrichtung/-en dieser Vorrichtungen oft ein Perforator vorangestellt, z.B. ein Perforator nach der DE 43 38 561 A1 oder der US 5,642,661 A .Since said waste material can also contain closed containers in a not insignificant number, the pressing device (s) of these devices is often preceded by a perforator, for example a perforator after the DE 43 38 561 A1 or the US 5,642,661 A .

Damit der technische Aufwand bei diesen Vorrichtungen verringert werden kann, sind auch Vorrichtungen bekannt, bei denen an Pressteilen der/den Presseinrichtung/-en Mittel zum Perforieren vorgesehen sind, z.B. bei einer Vorrichtung zum Kompaktieren von leeren Getränkebehältern nach der DE 100 55 201 A1 . Diese Vorrichtung besitzt eine sich im Wesentlichen trichterförmig verjüngende Förderstrecke, in welche die Getränkebehälter einlaufen und unter der Wirkung von die Förderstrecke seitlich begrenzenden Einrichtungen zum Fördern und Zusammenpressen sukzessiv kompaktiert werden.So that the technical outlay for these devices can be reduced, devices are also known in which means for perforating are provided on pressed parts of the pressing device (s), for example in a device for compacting empty beverage containers according to the DE 100 55 201 A1 . This device has an essentially funnel-shaped tapering conveyor section into which the beverage containers enter and are successively compacted under the action of devices for conveying and pressing together which laterally delimit the conveyor section.

Zudem ist dort vorgesehen, dass die Walzen mit auf ihrem Umfang verteilten, schneidenförmigen Erhöhungen, die sich über die Länge der Walzen, also parallel zur deren Rotationsachse, erstrecken, ausgestattet sind. Weiterhin und insbesondere bestehen die Einrichtungen zum Fördern und Zusammenpressen der Getränkebehälter bei dieser Vorrichtung aus mit Trommelmotoren angetriebenen Walzen.In addition, it is provided there that the rollers are equipped with knife-shaped elevations distributed over their circumference, which extend over the length of the rollers, that is to say parallel to the axis of rotation thereof. Furthermore, and in particular, the devices for conveying and compressing the beverage containers in this device consist of rollers driven by drum motors.

Diese Vorrichtung ist vor allem wegen den letztgenannten Baugruppen teuer und wartungsintensiv.This device is expensive and maintenance-intensive mainly because of the latter modules.

Ein weiterer Nachteil ist gegeben, wenn der Abstand der paarweise angeordneten Walzen, insbesondere die mit dem geringsten AchsAbstand, bezüglich ihres Abstandes und der Lage der dort längs gerichteten Schneiden nicht genau justiert ist. Dann erfolgt eine Trennung des hindurch geführten Materials, so dass jeweils aus einer Flasche oder Dose kleinere Stücke entstehen. Solche lassen sich, wenn überhaupt, sehr schlecht zu Ballen weiterverarbeiten; für deren Transport sind dann weitere Behälter notwendig. Zudem sind solche Klein- und Kleinststücke in der Weiterverarbeitung nicht immer gefragt, oft wird dort plattenförmiges Material benötigt.A further disadvantage exists if the distance between the rollers arranged in pairs, in particular those with the smallest center distance, is not precisely adjusted with regard to their distance and the position of the cutting edges oriented there. Then the material passed through is separated so that smaller pieces are created from a bottle or can. It is very difficult, if at all, to process them into bales; for their Additional containers are then necessary for transport. In addition, such small and very small pieces are not always in demand for further processing; plate-shaped material is often required there.

Wie voranstehend erläutert, können aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Vorrichtungen sowohl leere, verformbare Behälter aus Kunststoff oder aus Weißblech/Metall zusammendrücken. Die hierzu eingesetzen Press- bzw. Press- und Schneideinheiten stellen einen Kompromiss dar. Entweder sie sind bezüglich einer hohen Qualität und/oder Quantität beim Zusammendrücken von Behältern aus Kunststoff optimiert, oder für das Zusammendrücken von Behältern aus Metall; oder bezüglich beiden Typen von Ausgangsmaterial wird ein Kompromiss eingegangen.As explained above, devices known from the prior art can compress both empty, deformable containers made of plastic or tinplate / metal. The pressing or pressing and cutting units used for this represent a compromise. Either they are optimized with regard to high quality and / or quantity when compressing plastic containers, or for compressing metal containers; or a compromise is made on both types of feedstock.

Wenn also zusammengedrückte Kunststoffbehälter als auch zusammengedrückte Metalldosen in hoher Qualität für die Weiterverarbeitung vorliegen sollen bzw. ein hoher Durchsatz in den Vorrichtungen bezüglich jeder der beiden Typen von Ausgangsmaterial erreicht werden soll, ist meistens für jeden Typ von leeren Behältern eine separate Vorrichtung notwendig, mit der zwar auch der andere Typ von leeren Behältern zusammengedrückt werden kann, aber nicht optimal. Dies hat für den Betreiber solcher Vorrichtungen unter anderem auch einen erhöhten Investitionsaufwand zur Folge.So if compressed plastic containers as well as compressed metal cans are to be of high quality for further processing or a high throughput in the devices with regard to each of the two types of starting material is to be achieved, a separate device is usually necessary for each type of empty container with which the other type of empty container can also be compressed, but not optimally. Among other things, this results in an increased investment outlay for the operator of such devices.

Aus EP 0600808 A1 , EP 0486872 A2 , JP 2002001149 A sind Crusher mit zwei nebeneinander rotierend angetriebenen und zusammenwirkenden Walzen bekannt, bei denen jeweils in axialer Richtung hintereinander mindestens zwei Bereiche mit jeweils darin von Abschnitt zu Abschnitt befindlichen unterschiedlich gestalteten Scheiben vorhanden sind. Innerhalb dieser Bereiche sind jedoch keine mindestens zwei Abschnitte vorhanden, in denen die darin enthaltenen Scheiben von Abschnitt zu Abschnitt unterschiedlichen Durchmesser, innerhalb des Abschnitts jedoch gleichen Durchmesser aufweisen.Out EP 0600808 A1 , EP 0486872 A2 , JP 2002001149 A Crushers are known with two rollers which are driven to rotate and interact with one another and in which there are at least two regions in the axial direction, one behind the other, each with disks of different design from section to section. Within these areas, however, there are no at least two sections in which the disks contained therein have different diameters from section to section, but have the same diameter within the section.

Das gleiche gilt für die Bauform der Figuren 2 und 3 in WO 2005/079990 , deren Walzen zwar Scheiben mit vielen unterschiedlichen Durchmessern zeigen, der Durchmesser jedoch von Scheibe zu Scheibe wechselt und keine Bereiche benachbarter Scheiben mit gleichem Durchmesser vorhanden sind.The same applies to the design of the Figures 2 and 3rd in WO 2005/079990 , whose rollers show discs with many different diameters, but the diameter changes from disc to disc and there are no areas of adjacent discs with the same diameter.

Die übrigen Bauformen dieser Schrift zeigen nur zwei Bereiche mit darin jeweils unterschiedlich gestalteten Scheiben, allerdings - bis auf die Bauform der Figur 10 - mit jeweils gleichem Durchmesser.The other designs of this document only show two areas, each with disks of different designs, but - apart from the design of FIG. 10 - each with the same diameter.

Aus der WO 2004/096532 ist ein Crusher bekannt, bei dem die beiden Walzen jeweils Scheiben eines großen und eines kleinen Durchmessers aufweisen, wobei sich in axialer Richtung eine Gruppe von einer großen und vier kleinen Scheiben mehrfach hintereinander wiederholt. Zwei in axialer Richtung getrennte Arbeitsbereiche mit darin jeweils zwei Abschnitten, in denen die darin enthaltenen Scheiben von Abschnitt zu Abschnitt unterschiedliche Durchmesser, innerhalb des Abschnitts jedoch gleiche Durchmesser aufweisen, zeigt diese Schrift jedoch nicht.From the WO 2004/096532 a crusher is known in which the two rollers each have disks of large and small diameters, a group of one large and four small disks being repeated several times in succession in the axial direction. However, this document does not show two work areas separated in the axial direction, each with two sections, in which the disks contained therein have different diameters from section to section, but have the same diameter within the section.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik ist der Fachmann vor die Aufgabe gestellt, eine Vorrichtung zum Zusammendrücken leerer Behälter, insbesondere Getränkeflaschen bzw. Getränkedosen aus Kunststoff, insbesondere PET-Flaschen, oder Weißblech, derart zu gestalten, dass das Zusammendrücken von Behältern aus Kunststoff als auch aus Metall/Weißblech qualitativ hochwertig und zuverlässig gewährleistet ist sowie die Fertigungskosten, Betriebskostenn als auch der Wartungsaufwand für diese Vorrichtung gegenüber bekannten Vorrichtungen gemindert werden kann. Das Dokument EP 0 600 808 A1 offenbart eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1.Starting from this prior art, the skilled person is faced with the task of emptying a device for compressing To design containers, in particular beverage bottles or beverage cans made of plastic, in particular PET bottles, or tinplate, in such a way that the compression of containers made of plastic as well as metal / tinplate is guaranteed to be of high quality and reliably, as well as the manufacturing costs, operating costs and the maintenance effort for this device can be reduced compared to known devices. The document EP 0 600 808 A1 discloses an apparatus having the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Vorrichtung zum Zusammendrücken leerer, verformbarer Behältern mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst; vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche 2 bis 12.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a device for compressing empty, deformable containers with the features of claim 1; Advantageous further developments and refinements of the invention are the subject of dependent claims 2 to 12.

Der Kerngedanke der Erfindung besteht darin, dass mit der neuen Vorrichtung mit nur einem Walzenpaar mit speziellen axial orientierten Bereichen besagte Behälter aus Kunststoff, in einem ersten Arbeitsbereich, und aus Metall, in einem zweiten Arbeitsbereich zusammendrückbar sind, quasi zeitgleich nebeneinander.The main idea of the invention is that with the new device with only one pair of rollers with special axially oriented areas, said containers made of plastic, in a first working area, and made of metal, can be compressed in a second working area, almost simultaneously, side by side.

Die neue Vorrichtung zum Zusammendrücken leerer Behälter, insbesondere von Getränkeflaschen oder -dosen aus Kunststoff, z. B. PET-Flaschen, oder Weißblech geht aus von einer Vorrichtung nach der DE 103 25 368 B4 (= US 7,540,235 B2 ). Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung besitzt eine Schneid- und Presseinheit sowie Mittel zum Antrieb und zur Steuerung der Schneid- und Presseinheit, wobei die Schneid- und Presseinheit wenigstens zwei zusammenwirkende, bezüglich ihren Drehachsen zueinander mit Abstand angeordnete, gegenläufig drehende Walzen enthält, wobei jede Walze mehrere jeweils mit axialem Abstand (Freiraum) zueinander angeordnete Scheiben besitzt. In spezieller Weiterentwicklung ist vorgeschlagen, dass zumindest im Wirkbereich der beiden Walzen axial nebeneinander ein erster Arbeitsbereich, für ein Zusammendrücken der Behälter aus Kunststoff, und ein zweiter Arbeitsbereich, für ein Zusammendrücken der Behälter aus Metall, angeordnet sind, wobei der dem ersten Arbeitsbereich zugeordnete Bereich jeder Walze sowie der dem zweiten Arbeitsbereich zugeordnete Bereich jeder Walze wenigstens zwei Abschnitte mit einer anderen Beschaffenheit aufweist, wobei die Beschaffenheit der Abschnitte im ersten Arbeitsbereich anders ist als die Beschaffenheit der Abschnitte im zweiten Arbeitsbereich bezüglich des Werkstoffes der zugeführten Behälter, insbesondere die unterschiedliche Beschaffenheit der Abschnitte durch eine andere Körperform oder Unterschiede in deren Körperform definiert ist.The new device for compressing empty containers, in particular beverage bottles or cans made of plastic, e.g. B. PET bottles, or tinplate is based on a device according to the DE 103 25 368 B4 (= US 7,540,235 B2 ). The device according to the invention has a cutting and pressing unit and means for driving and controlling the cutting and pressing unit, the Cutting and pressing unit contains at least two co-operating, counter-rotating rollers with respect to their axes of rotation, each roller having a plurality of disks, each with an axial spacing (clearance). In a further development, it is proposed that at least in the effective area of the two rollers, axially next to one another, a first work area for compressing the plastic containers and a second work area for compressing the metal containers are arranged, the area assigned to the first work area each roller and the area of each roller assigned to the second work area has at least two sections with a different nature, the nature of the sections in the first work area being different from the nature of the sections in the second work area with regard to the material of the containers supplied, in particular the different nature of the Sections are defined by a different body shape or differences in their body shape.

Die Schneid- und Presseinheit ist in einem Rahmen/Gehäuse, mit einer Einfüllöffnung sowie einer Ausgangsöffnung, angeordnet.The cutting and pressing unit is arranged in a frame / housing with a filling opening and an outlet opening.

Bei der neuen Vorrichtung kann jeweils zeitgleich perforiert / bereichsweise eingeschnitten oder bereichsweise durchtrennt und zusammengedrückt werden. Die Mittel hierzu sind derart ausgebildet und an jeder der beiden (Press-) Walzen angeordnet, bevorzugt in selbige integriert, insbesondere Bestandteil von deren Körper selbst, dass verfahrensmäßig während des abschnittsweisen Durchtrennen bzw. Einschneidens des verflachten Materials und/oder unmittelbar folgend, quasi in der Endphase eines solchen Schnittes, eingeschnittene Wandabschnitte der aneinander gepressten Wandabschnitte eines Behälters miteinander verhaken. Hiermit wird dem Expansionsbestreben des Behälters nach dem Pressen, welches von dessen ursprünglicher Körperform, den Elastizitätswerten des Behältermaterials und dem Pressvorgang bestimmt ist, entgegen gewirkt. Wobei unter Verhaken im Sinne der Erfindung zu verstehen ist, dass Längs- oder Querabschnitte/- kantenbereiche eines Schnittes in einer Wand des zusammengedrückten Behältnisses mit der entsprechenden Längs-oder Querkante des betreffenden eingeschnittenen Abschnittes der hierzu gegenüber liegenden Wand des zusammengedrückten Behältnisses nebeneinander zu liegen kommen, ohne dass teilweise freie Kanten des betreffenden eingeschnittenen Abschnittes von dem zusammengepressten, nun im Wesentlichen plattenförmigen Körper abragen.With the new device, perforations can be made simultaneously / cut in areas or cut and pressed in areas. The means for this are designed and arranged on each of the two (press) rollers, preferably integrated in the same, in particular a component of their body itself, in terms of the method during the section-wise cutting or cutting of the flattened Material and / or immediately following, quasi in the final phase of such a cut, hook incised wall sections of the wall sections of a container pressed together. This counteracts the attempt to expand the container after pressing, which is determined by its original body shape, the elasticity values of the container material and the pressing process. Where hooking in the sense of the invention is to be understood to mean that longitudinal or transverse sections / edge regions of a cut in a wall of the compressed container come to lie next to one another with the corresponding longitudinal or transverse edge of the relevant incised section of the opposite wall of the compressed container without partially free edges of the incised section in question protruding from the compressed, now essentially plate-shaped body.

Weiterhin sind an wenigstens einer der Walzen der neuen Vorrichtung die Mittel zum Zusammendrücken derart geformt und in deren Lage zu den Mitteln zum Zusammendrücken an der im Wesentlichen parallel gegenüberliegend positionierten Walze angeordnet, dass die Außenfläche des Behälters, in Querrichtung zu dessen Förderrichtung gesehen, zumindest abschnittsweise angeschnitten bzw. wenigstens angeritzt ist. Mithin werden dort vorhandene Spannungen im Material gelöst und somit Expansionsbestrebungen des Behälters nach dem Zusammendrücken ebenfalls entgegen gewirkt.Furthermore, on at least one of the rollers of the new device, the means for compressing are shaped and arranged in their position in relation to the means for compressing on the roller which is positioned essentially parallel opposite one another such that the outer surface of the container, viewed in the transverse direction to its conveying direction, at least in sections is cut or at least scored. As a result, existing tensions in the material are released, and efforts to expand the container after compression are also counteracted.

Zudem wird durch die neue Vorrichtung das Aufbereiten von Behältern aus Kunststoff, insbesondere PET-Material, und von Behältern aus Weißblech in besagter Art und Weise, ohne zusätzliche Einstellungen an der Vorrichtung ermöglicht.In addition, the new device enables the preparation of containers made of plastic, in particular PET material, and containers made of tinplate in the manner mentioned, without additional settings on the device.

Bevorzugt sind nach der Erfindung noch an jeder Walze Scheiben unterschiedlicher Beschaffenheit vorgesehen, wobei der Unterschied der Beschaffenheit mindestens durch den jeweiligen äußeren Durchmesser der Scheiben definiert ist. Weiterhin ist in montiertem Zustand der axiale Versatz der beiden Walzen derart, dass wenigstens zwei einander gegenüber liegende Scheiben mit dem größten äußeren Durchmesser nebeneinander sind und, mit ihren einander zugewandten Seitenflächen, miteinander kämmen.According to the invention, disks of different nature are preferably also provided on each roller, the difference in nature being defined at least by the respective outer diameter of the disks. Furthermore, in the assembled state, the axial offset of the two rollers is such that at least two opposing disks with the largest outer diameter are next to one another and, with their side surfaces facing one another, mesh with one another.

Zudem ist bei dieser Vorrichtung vorgesehen, dass an jeder Walze der axiale Abstand zwischen benachbarten Scheiben jeweils mittels einem radial gerichteten Einstich hergestellt ist.In addition, this device provides that the axial distance between adjacent disks is established on each roller by means of a radially directed recess.

Erfindungsgemäß sind in jedem Arbeitsbereich an jeder Walze mehrere axial orientierte Abschnitte nebeneinander angeordnet, wobei jeweils in einem Abschnitt Scheiben gleicher Beschaffenheit sind. Vorteilhaft ist zudem, dass nebeneinander angeordnete Abschnitte jeweils Scheiben anderer Beschaffenheit besitzen, wobei bei mehr als zwei Abschnitten in einem Arbeitsbereich Abschnitte mit Scheiben anderer Beschaffenheit alternierend an jeder Walze angeordnet sind.According to the invention, several axially oriented sections are arranged next to one another in each working area on each roller, disks of the same nature being in each section. It is also advantageous that sections arranged next to one another each have disks of a different nature, wherein if there are more than two sections in a work area, sections with disks of a different nature are arranged alternately on each roller.

Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich, wenn der erste Arbeitsbereich mindestens einen ersten Abschnitt mit Scheiben mit kleinerem Durchmesser - folgend auch Druckscheiben genannt - und mindestens einen zweiten Abschnitt mit wenigstens einer Scheibe mit größerem Durchmesser - folgend auch Schneidscheiben genannt - besitzt.Further advantages result if the first working area has at least one first section with disks with a smaller diameter - hereinafter also referred to as thrust washers - and at least one second section with at least one disk with a larger diameter - hereinafter also referred to as cutting disks.

Zudem, wenn der zweite Arbeitsbereich mindestens einen dritten Abschnitt mit Scheiben mit kleinem Durchmesser - folgend auch Pressscheiben genannt - und mindestens einen vierten Abschnitt mit wenigstens einer Scheibe mit größerem Durchmesser - folgend auch Ritzscheiben genannt - aufweist. Dabei ist vorteilhaft, dass die Scheiben mit kleinerem Durchmesser breiter sind als die Scheiben mit größerem Durchmesser. Der Abstand zwischen axial benachbarten Scheiben mit kleineren Durchmesser ist mit einem zweiten Einstich festgelegt, mit einer Breite für den kämmenden Eingriff der gegenüber liegenden Scheibe mit größerem Durchmesser nebst beidseitigem Schnittspiel. Hier ist weiterhin von Vorteil, dass an jeder Walze zwischen einer Scheibe mit größerem Durchmesser und einer Scheibe mit kleinerem Durchmesser ein dritter Einstich vorgesehen ist, dessen Breite schmaler ist als die Breite einer Scheibe mit größerem Durchmesser.In addition, if the second working area has at least a third section with disks with a small diameter - hereinafter also referred to as pressing disks - and at least a fourth section with at least one disk with a larger diameter - also referred to below as scoring disks. It is advantageous that the disks with a smaller diameter are wider than the disks with a larger diameter. The distance between axially adjacent disks with a smaller diameter is defined with a second recess, with a width for the intermeshing engagement of the opposite disk with a larger diameter, along with cutting clearance on both sides. It is also advantageous here that a third recess is provided on each roller between a disk with a larger diameter and a disk with a smaller diameter, the width of which is narrower than the width of a disk with a larger diameter.

Bevorzugt ist die Länge der Abschnitte mit einer oder mehreren Scheiben größeren Durchmessers geringer, als die Länge der Abschnitte, die Scheiben mit kleinerem Durchmesser besitzen.The length of the sections with one or more disks of larger diameter is preferably less than the length of the sections which have disks with a smaller diameter.

Im Speziellen ist hierbei noch vorgesehen, dass die Scheiben des zweiten Abschnittes, die Schneidscheiben, den größten Durchmesser und die Scheiben des dritten Abschnittes, die Pressscheiben, den kleinsten Durchmesser besitzen. Die Scheiben des ersten Abschnittes, die Druckscheiben, und die Scheiben des vierten Abschnittes, die Ritzscheiben, besitzen im Wesentlichen annähernd, jedoch nicht genau den gleichen Durchmesser, wobei der Durchmesser der Scheiben des vierten Abschnittes, der Ritzscheiben, ein wenig, ca. 0,5 bis 3 % größer ist als der Durchmesser der Scheiben des ersten Abschnittes, der Druckscheiben.In particular, it is also provided that the disks of the second section, the cutting disks, the largest diameter and the disks of the third section, the pressing disks, have the smallest diameter. The disks of the first section, the pressure disks, and the disks of the fourth section, the scoring disks, have substantially approximately, but not exactly the same diameter, the diameter of the disks of the fourth section, the scoring disks, being a little, approximately 0, 5 to 3% larger than the diameter of the disks of the first section, the pressure disks.

Von Vorteil ist weiterhin, dass mindestens in den Scheiben der beiden Arbeitsbereiche mit dem größeren äußeren Durchmesser, also den Schneidscheiben und den Ritzscheiben wenigstens eine Nut in deren Umfangsfläche vorgesehen ist, die beide Schneidscheibenflanken durchsetzt. Mit dieser Ausgestaltung wird zumindest das Ergreifen der zugeführten Behälter durch die Schneidwalzen erleichtert.It is also advantageous that at least in the disks of the two working areas with the larger outer diameter, that is to say the cutting disks and the scoring disks, at least one groove is provided in their circumferential surface which passes through both cutting disk flanks. With this configuration, at least the gripping of the supplied containers by the cutting rollers is facilitated.

Ein weiterer Vorteil bezüglich einer guten Qualität (Vermeidung von Weißbruchstellen im zusammengepressten Material sowie saubere Schnitte und Ritze) wird erreicht, wenn die neue Vorrichtung bezüglich der Gestaltung der Nut mit diesbezüglichen Merkmalen von der Vorrichtung nach der DE 193 25 368 B4 (= US 7,540,235 B2 ) kombiniert ist. Nach dieser speziellen Ausführung bildet die in Umlaufrichtung nacheilende Flanke der mindestens in der Umfangsfläche der Schneidscheibe bzw. Schneidscheiben angeordneten Nuten mit der Umfangsfläche einen in Umlaufrichtung weisenden spitzwinkligen Haken/Zahn, wobei die an der Spitze beginnende Flanke (Nutflanke), zumindest abschnittsweise, einen linearen sowie entgegen dem Walzendrehsinn (der Umlaufrichtung) gerichteten Verlauf hat und der daran anschließende Übergangsbereich zum Nutfuss und/oder der in Umlaufrichtung liegenden Flanke hin, bogenförmig ausgebildet ist. Bevorzugt verlaufen die beiden Flanken jeder Nut zueinander parallel oder divergierend. Der Spitzenwinkel des Hakens/Zahns ist vorzugsweise zwischen 45° und 80° gewählt.Another advantage in terms of good quality (avoidance of whitening points in the compressed material as well as clean cuts and cracks) is achieved if the new device with respect to the design of the groove with related features from the device according to the DE 193 25 368 B4 (= US 7,540,235 B2 ) is combined. According to this special embodiment, the flank trailing in the circumferential direction of the grooves arranged at least in the circumferential surface of the cutting disk or cutting disks forms a circumferential surface with the circumferential surface pointing acute-angled hook / tooth, the flank (groove flank) starting at the tip, at least in sections, has a linear profile and is directed counter to the direction of rotation of the roller (the direction of rotation) and the adjoining transition area towards the groove base and / or the flank lying in the direction of rotation, is arcuate. The two flanks of each groove preferably run parallel or divergent to one another. The tip angle of the hook / tooth is preferably chosen between 45 ° and 80 °.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen bestehen noch darin, dass das so genannte Schnittspiel zwischen benachbarten schneidenden oder ritzenden Scheiben vorzugsweise einen Wert zwischen 0,2 mm und 2 mm hat.Further advantageous embodiments consist in the fact that the so-called cutting clearance between adjacent cutting or scratching disks preferably has a value between 0.2 mm and 2 mm.

Zudem, dass bei Überlappung benachbarter und gegenüber liegender Scheiben selbige zwischen 0,5 mm und 2,5 mm gewählt ist, bevorzugt 10 % der Breite einer Scheibe.In addition, if adjacent and opposite panes overlap the same is selected between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm, preferably 10% of the width of a pane.

Die Drehzahl der rotierenden Walzen ist vorzugsweise 60 U/min. Vorteilhaft ist auch, wenn zwischen den Scheiben Abstreifer angeordnet, wobei serienmäßige Abstreifer von Aktenvernichtern Anwendung finden, die jeweils den Kerndurchmesser der betreffenden Walze nicht vollständig umgreifen. Hierbei kann der Anmelder auf eigene erprobte Lösungen zurückgreifen.The speed of the rotating rollers is preferably 60 rpm. It is also advantageous if wipers are arranged between the disks, serial wipers of document shredders being used, each of which does not completely encompass the core diameter of the roller in question. The applicant can use their own tried and tested solutions.

Es ist zudem vorgesehen, dass der Startimpuls für die Walzen beispielsweise über eine Lichtschranke erfolgt und eine Nachlaufzeit vorgesehen ist.It is also provided that the starting pulse for the rollers takes place, for example, via a light barrier and a run-on time is provided.

Im Gehäuse der Vorrichtung sind Düsen vorgesehen, zur Beaufschlagung der Walzen und/oder der Einlass- und der Auslassöffnung mit Desinfektionsmittel.Nozzles are provided in the housing of the device for the application of disinfectant to the rollers and / or the inlet and outlet openings.

Zudem sind die äußeren Maße der Vorrichtung sind so, dass eine Ankoppelung an Flaschen- und/oder Dosenannahmeautomaten erfolgen kann.In addition, the external dimensions of the device are such that it can be connected to automatic bottle and / or can acceptance machines.

Im folgenden Beschreibungsteil wird die Erfindung anhand von schematisch in Zeichnungen dargestellten vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispielen im Weiteren und näher erläutert.In the following part of the description, the invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of advantageous exemplary embodiments schematically illustrated in the drawings.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1a, 1b eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung jeweils in Seitenansicht mit teilweise geöffneter Seitenfläche und Blick auf die Schneid- und Presseinheit;
  • Fig.2 die obere Walze der Schneid- und Presseinheit nach den Figuren 1 in Einbaulage und mit Blick aus Richtung der Einfüllöffnung;
  • Fig. 3a die Lage der beiden Walzen der Schneid- und Presseinheit zueinander;
  • Fig. 3b das Schneidwalzenpaar gemäß Figur 3a mit weiteren Details;
  • Fig. 4a einen Blick auf die Antriebsseite einer der Walzen;
  • Fig. 4b eine Stirnansicht zu Figur 4a;
  • Fig. 4c eine Stirnansicht von Figur 4a ohne die Schneidscheibe;
  • Fig. 5 einen Ausschnitt einer Schneidscheibe mit einer speziellen Variante der Nutgestaltung;
  • Fig. 6 eine weitere Variante des den Walzen vorgeordneten Separators;
    und
  • Fig. 7 u. 7a weitere Details der Flügel des Separators/Dosierers aus Figur 1
Show it:
  • 1a, 1b a device according to the invention in side view with a partially open side surface and a view of the cutting and pressing unit;
  • Fig. 2 the upper roller of the cutting and pressing unit after the Figures 1 in the installed position and with a view from the direction of the filling opening;
  • Fig. 3a the position of the two rollers of the cutting and pressing unit to each other;
  • Fig. 3b the pair of cutting rollers according to Figure 3a with further details;
  • Fig. 4a a view of the drive side of one of the rollers;
  • Fig. 4b a front view too Figure 4a ;
  • Fig. 4c a front view of Figure 4a without the cutting disc;
  • Fig. 5 a section of a cutting disc with a special variant of the groove design;
  • Fig. 6 a further variant of the separator arranged upstream of the rollers;
    and
  • Fig. 7 u. 7a further details of the wings of the separator / dispenser Figure 1

Die neue Vorrichtung zum Zusammendrücken leerer Behälter ist in den Fig. 1a und 1b jeweils in Seitenansicht mit teilweise geöffneter Seitenfläche und Blick auf die Schneid- und Presseinheit 4 schematisch gezeigt. Die Vorrichtung umfasst hier ein Gehäuse 1, mit einer Einfüllöffnung 2 in dessen vorderen Seite 1.2 sowie einer Ausgangsöffnung 3, auch Auslassöffnung genannt, in dessen unteren Seite 1.3. und eine im Gehäuse 1 angeordnete Schneid- und Presseinheit 4 sowie, hier nicht gezeigt, Mittel zum Antrieb und zur Steuerung der Schneid- und Presseinheit 4. Die obere Seite 1.1 und die hintere Seite 1.4 des Gehäuses 1 sind im Ausführungsbeispiel geschlossen.The new device for squeezing empty containers is in the 1a and 1b each shown schematically in a side view with a partially open side surface and a view of the cutting and pressing unit 4. The device here comprises a housing 1 with a filling opening 2 in its front side 1.2 and an outlet opening 3, also called an outlet opening, in its lower side 1.3. and a cutting and pressing unit 4 arranged in the housing 1 and, not shown here, means for driving and controlling the cutting and pressing unit 4. The upper side 1.1 and the rear side 1.4 of the housing 1 are closed in the exemplary embodiment.

Die Schneid- und Presseinheit 4 enthält zwei bezüglich deren Drehachsen A1, A2, vgl. Fig. 3b, zueinander beabstandet angeordnete Walzen 4.1 und 4.2.The cutting and pressing unit 4 contains two with respect to their axes of rotation A1, A2, cf. Fig. 3b , rollers 4.1 and 4.2 arranged at a distance from one another.

Von der Unterkante der Einfüllöffnung 2 aus ist zur Schneid- und Presseinheit 4 hin eine Rutsche 9 vorgesehen, auf der die eingegebenen Behälter G3, G2 oder G1 rollend oder rutschend zur Einheit 4 gelangen. Oberhalb dieser Rutsche 9 ist ein Separator 10 positioniert, der mit seinen um eine Drehachse 11 rotierenden Flügeln 12, hier drei, in Förderrichtung F die Behälter G3, G2 oder G1 der Einheit 4 zuführt und zugleich, mindestens bis zum Erfassen der Behälter durch deren Walzen 4.1, 4.2, selbige in den Einzugsspalt der Schneid- und Presseinheit 4 drückt. Mit Dk ist der von den Enden der Flügel 12 beschriebene Umfangskreis/Wirkkreis bezeichnet.A slide 9 is provided from the lower edge of the filling opening 2 to the cutting and pressing unit 4, on which the containers G3, G2 or G1 entered enter the unit 4 in a rolling or sliding manner. Positioned above this chute 9 is a separator 10 which, with its vanes 12 rotating here about an axis of rotation 11, here three, in the conveying direction F feeds the containers G3, G2 or G1 to the unit 4 and at the same time, at least until the containers are caught by their rollers 4.1, 4.2, presses the same into the nip of the cutting and pressing unit 4. Dk denotes the circumferential circle / effective circle described by the ends of the wings 12.

Oberhalb der Schneid- und Presseinheit 4 und hinter dem Separator 10 ist ein plattenartiges Rahmenteil 13 zur Begrenzung des Aufnahmeraumes angeordnet. Der Bereich des Austritts der in der Schneid- und Presseinheit 4 aufbereiteten Gegenstände hat das Bezugszeichen 7.Above the cutting and pressing unit 4 and behind the separator 10, a plate-like frame part 13 is arranged to delimit the receiving space. The area of the exit of the objects prepared in the cutting and pressing unit 4 has the reference number 7.

In spezieller Ausbildung ist vorgesehen - siehe in Fig. 2 bis 3b - , dass zumindest im Wirkbereich der beiden Walzen 4.1, 4.2 axial nebeneinander ein erster Arbeitsbereich 21, für ein Zusammendrücken der Behälter aus Kunststoff, und ein zweiter Arbeitsbereich 22, für ein Zusammendrücken der Behälter aus Metall, angeordnet sind.Special training is provided - see in 2 to 3b - That at least in the effective area of the two rollers 4.1, 4.2 axially next to each other, a first working area 21, for compressing the containers made of plastic, and a second working area 22, for compressing the containers made of metal, are arranged.

Jede Walze 4.1 und 4.2 weist, in Längsrichtung ihrer Drehachse A1 bzw. A2 gesehen, wenigstens zwei, bevorzugt mehrere erste Abschnitte S1, zweite Abschnitte S2, dritte Abschnitte S3 und vierte Abschnitte S1 auf, wobei Scheiben nacheinander im Wechsel folgende Abschnitte S1, S2 bzw. S3, S4 jeweils einen anderen äußeren Durchmesser D1; D2 bzw. D3, D4 besitzen, und, im montierten Zustand der beiden Walzen 4.1 und 4.2, wenigstens die den größeren äußeren Durchmesser D2 aufweisenden Abschnitte S2 zueinander versetzt und deren Scheiben 5 mit ihren Umfangsflächen und ihren einander zugewandten Seitenflächen 5.2 teilweise kämmend (überlappend) nebeneinander angeordnet sind. Die Umfangsflächen 5.1 der Schneidscheiben 5 besitzen jeweils wenigstens eine Nut.Each roller 4.1 and 4.2, viewed in the longitudinal direction of its axis of rotation A1 or A2, has at least two, preferably several, first Sections S1, second sections S2, third sections S3 and fourth sections S1, with disks successively following sections S1, S2 or S3, S4 each having a different outer diameter D1; D2 or D3, D4 have, and, in the assembled state of the two rollers 4.1 and 4.2, at least the sections S2 having the larger outer diameter D2 offset from one another and their disks 5 with their peripheral surfaces and their mutually facing side surfaces 5.2 partially intermeshing (overlapping) are arranged side by side. The peripheral surfaces 5.1 of the cutting disks 5 each have at least one groove.

Bevorzugt ist Abstand der Drehachsen A1, A2 der Walzen 4.1, 4.2 zueinander so gewählt, dass zwischen den einander gegenüberliegenden Scheiben 60, d.h. zwischen deren Durchmesser D3 jeweils ein Abstand 23 ist und zwischen einander gegenüber liegenden Scheiben 6 im ersten Arbeitsbereich 21, zwischen deren jeweiligem Durchmesser D1 ein Abstand 24 ist. Dabei ist vorteilhaft, dass im zweiten Arbeitsbereich 22 für das Zusammendrücken von Behältern aus Metall der dortige Abstand 23 zwischen den gegenüber liegenden Scheiben 60 größer ist als der Abstand 24 im ersten Arbeitsbereich 21. Dieser Abstand 24 bezüglich den gegenüber liegenden Scheiben 6 der Walzen 4.1 und 4.2 kann betragsmäßig auch negativ sein.The distance between the axes of rotation A1, A2 of the rollers 4.1, 4.2 to one another is preferably selected such that between the opposing disks 60, i.e. there is a distance 23 between each of their diameters D3 and between disks 6 lying opposite one another in the first working area 21, between their respective diameters D1 there is a distance 24. It is advantageous that in the second working area 22 for compressing metal containers, the distance 23 there between the opposite disks 60 is greater than the distance 24 in the first working area 21. This distance 24 with respect to the opposite disks 6 of the rollers 4.1 and 4.2 can also be negative in terms of amount.

Die Länge L2 der zweiten Abschnitte S2 mit Scheiben 5 mit erstem größerem äußeren Durchmesser D2 ist geringer, als die Länge L1 der ersten Abschnitte S1, die Scheiben 6 mit dem den kleineren äußeren Durchmesser D1 besitzen. Gleiches gilt analog für die dritten S3 und vierten S4 Abschnitte mit den Scheiben 50 und 60.The length L2 of the second sections S2 with disks 5 with the first larger outer diameter D2 is less than the length L1 of the first sections S1, the disks 6 with the smaller outer diameter Have diameter D1. The same applies analogously to the third S3 and fourth S4 sections with the disks 50 and 60.

Der axiale Abstand zwischen den Scheiben 6 selbst und den Scheiben 5 wird durch radial nach innen gerichtete Einstiche E1, mit der Breite B3, hergestellt. Im zweiten Arbeitsbereich 22 ist der axiale Abstand benachbarter Scheiben 60 jeweils durch einen zweiten Einstich E2 und der axiale Abstand zwischen den Scheiben 60 und 50 jeweils durch einen dritten Einstich E3 hergestellt.The axial distance between the disks 6 themselves and the disks 5 is produced by radially inward recesses E1 with the width B3. In the second working area 22, the axial distance between adjacent disks 60 is in each case produced by a second recess E2 and the axial distance between the disks 60 and 50 is in each case produced by a third recess E3.

Das so genannte Schnittspiel 16 zwischen benachbarten Scheiben 5 bzw. 5 und 6 sowie Scheiben 50 und 60, also zwischen deren Seitenflächen 6.2 bzw. 5.2 sowie 52 und 62, siehe Fig. 3b, hat einen Wert zwischen 0,2 mm und 2 mm.The so-called cutting play 16 between adjacent disks 5 or 5 and 6 and disks 50 and 60, that is to say between their side surfaces 6.2 or 5.2 and 52 and 62, see Fig. 3b , has a value between 0.2 mm and 2 mm.

Mit B1 ist die Breite der Druckscheiben 6, mit B2 die Breite der Schneidscheiben 5, mit B4 die Breite der Pressscheiben 60 und B5 die Breite der Ritzscheiben 50 bezeichnet.B1 denotes the width of the pressure disks 6, B2 the width of the cutting disks 5, B4 the width of the pressure disks 60 and B5 the width of the scoring disks 50.

Die Überlappung benachbarter und gegenüber liegender Schneidscheiben 5 ist in einem Wertebereich zwischen 0,5 mm und 2,5 mm gewählt, bevorzugt beträgt diese Überlappung 10 % der Breite einer Scheibe 5 bzw. 6.The overlap of adjacent and opposite cutting disks 5 is selected in a range of values between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm, this overlap is preferably 10% of the width of a disk 5 or 6.

Der in den Figuren 2 bis 3b linke Endbereich der Walze 4.1 ist als Lager- und Antriebszapfen 4.5 und der rechte Endbereich als Lagerzapfen 4.4 geformt.The one in the Figures 2 to 3b the left end region of the roller 4.1 is shaped as a bearing and drive journal 4.5 and the right end region as a bearing journal 4.4.

Die Scheiben der Walzen 4.1 und 4.2 sind gehärtet und besitzen max. eine Härte von 55 HRc.The discs of the rollers 4.1 and 4.2 are hardened and have max. a hardness of 55 HRc.

Weitere Details der Abschnitte S1, S2, S3 und S4 sowie der Gestaltung der Walzen sind in den Fig. 2 bis 3b gezeigt. Der Durchmesser D2 der zweiten Abschnitte S2 beträgt vorzugsweise 77 bis 79 mm, der Durchmesser D1 der ersten, kleineren Abschnitte S1 70 bis 71 mm und der Kerndurchmesser 4.3 im ersten Arbeitsbereich 21 der Walzen 4.1 und 4.2 50 bis 62 mm und der Kerndurchmesser 4.6 im zweiten Arbeitsbereich 22 60 bis 67 mm.Further details of sections S1, S2, S3 and S4 as well as the design of the rollers are in the 2 to 3b shown. The diameter D2 of the second sections S2 is preferably 77 to 79 mm, the diameter D1 of the first, smaller sections S1 70 to 71 mm and the core diameter 4.3 in the first working area 21 of the rollers 4.1 and 4.2 50 to 62 mm and the core diameter 4.6 in the second Working range 22 60 to 67 mm.

Der Durchmesser D4 der vierten Abschnitte S4 beträgt vorzugsweise 71 bis 73 mm, der Durchmesser D3 der dritten, kleineren Abschnitte S3 67,5 bis 70 mmThe diameter D4 of the fourth sections S4 is preferably 71 to 73 mm, the diameter D3 of the third, smaller sections S3 67.5 to 70 mm

Der Startimpuls für die Walzen 4.1 und 4.2 erfolgt vorzugsweise über eine Lichtschranke, die hier nicht dargestellt ist; zudem wird mit diesem Steuerteil auch eine Nachlaufzeit vorgegeben, so dass stets alle zugeführten Behälter die Schneid- und Presseinheit verlassen. Bei ruhenden Walzen befindet sich somit kein Behälter zwischen selbigen; Verklebungen durch Restinhalte der Behälter und unnötige Belastung der Arbeitsbereiche der Schneidscheiben werden vermieden.The starting pulse for the rollers 4.1 and 4.2 is preferably carried out via a light barrier, which is not shown here; In addition, a run-on time is also specified with this control part, so that all the containers supplied always leave the cutting and pressing unit. When the rollers are at rest, there is therefore no container between them; Sticking due to the remaining contents of the containers and unnecessary stress on the working areas of the cutting disks are avoided.

Auf die Darstellungen der zwischen den Scheiben 50, 60 angeordneten, die Kerndurchmesser 4.3 bzw. 4.6 jeweils in den ersten E1, zweiten E2 und dritten E3 Einstichen/Zwischenräume teilweise umgreifenden Abstreifer wurde in den Figuren verzichtet, es finden vorzugsweise serienmäßige Abstreifer von Aktenvernichtern Anwendung.The illustrations of the wipers arranged between the disks 50, 60 and partially encompassing the core diameters 4.3 and 4.6, respectively in the first E1, second E2 and third E3 punctures / spaces, have been omitted in the figures; preference is given to using standard wipers for document shredders.

In den Figuren 4a bis 5 sind Ausführungsbeispiele für die Detailgestaltung der Schneidscheiben 5 und der Druckscheiben 6 sowie der in den Schneidscheiben 5 angeordneten Nuten gezeigt. Nach Fig. 5 bildet die in Umlaufrichtung R, R' nacheilende Flanke FL der in der Umfangsfläche 5.1 der Schneidscheiben 5 angeordneten Nuten 5.3 mit der Umfangsfläche 5.1 einen in Umlaufrichtung weisenden spitzwinkligen Haken 5.4, wobei die an der Spitze S beginnende Nutflanke FL einen linearen sowie entgegen dem Walzendrehsinn R, R' gerichteten Verlauf und der daran anschließende Übergangsbereich K zum Nutfuß N und/oder der in Umlaufrichtung liegenden Nutflanke FL1 oder FL2 hin, bogenförmig ausgebildet ist.In the Figures 4a to 5 Exemplary embodiments for the detailed design of the cutting disks 5 and the pressure disks 6 and the grooves arranged in the cutting disks 5 are shown. To Fig. 5 the flank FL trailing in the circumferential direction R, R 'of the grooves 5.3 arranged in the circumferential surface 5.1 of the cutting disks 5 forms with the circumferential surface 5.1 an acute-angled hook 5.4 pointing in the circumferential direction, the flank flank FL beginning at the tip S being linear and counter to the direction of rotation R. , R 'directed course and the adjoining transition region K to the groove base N and / or the groove flank FL1 or FL2 lying in the circumferential direction is formed in an arc shape.

Bevorzugt verlaufen die beiden Nutflanken FL und FL1 zueinander parallel oder divergierend FL und FL2. Der Spitzenwinkel W des Hakens 5.4 ist vorzugsweise zwischen 45° und 80° gewählt.The two groove flanks FL and FL1 preferably run parallel or diverging FL and FL2. The tip angle W of the hook 5.4 is preferably chosen between 45 ° and 80 °.

In Fig. 4a ist der linke Abschnitt der in Fig. 2 gezeigten zweiten, der hinteren Walze 4.2 spiegelbildlich dargestellt. Mit Pos. 4.5 ist der an diesem Endbereich vorgesehene Lager- und Antriebszapfen bezeichnet. Eine Schneidscheibe 5 ist beidseits von einer Druckscheibe 6 flankiert. In die jeweilige Umfangsfläche 6.1 bzw. 5.1 sind Nuten 6.3 bzw. 5.33 angeordnet, die deren Seitenflächen 6.2 bzw. 5.2 durchbrechen.In Fig. 4a is the left section of the in Fig. 2 shown second, the rear roller 4.2 shown in mirror image. Item 4.5 designates the bearing and drive journal provided at this end area. A cutting disc 5 is flanked on both sides by a pressure disc 6. Grooves 6.3 and 5.33 are arranged in the respective peripheral surface 6.1 and 5.1, respectively, which break through their side surfaces 6.2 and 5.2.

Eine Stirnansicht zu Fig. 4a ist in der Fig. 4b gezeigt, mit Sicht auf die Seitenfläche 6.2 und die Haken 5.4 der dahinter angeordneten Schneidscheibe 5. In der Fig. 4c ist eine Stirnansicht von Fig. 4a gezeigt, bei der die Schneidscheibe 5 in der Wiedergabe des betrachteten Bauteiles weggelassen wurde, um die Ausformung der Nuten 6.3 in der Druckscheibe 6 besser zeigen zu können. Wie schematisch dargestellt, ist die Tiefe der Nuten 6.3 im Verhältnis zur Tiefe der Nuten 5.3 / 5.33 wesentlich geringer.A front view too Fig. 4a is in the Fig. 4b shown with a view of the side surface 6.2 and the hook 5.4 of the cutting disc 5 arranged behind it Fig. 4c is a front view of Fig. 4a shown, in which the cutting disc 5 has been omitted in the representation of the component under consideration in order to better show the shape of the grooves 6.3 in the pressure disc 6. As shown schematically, the depth of the grooves 6.3 is significantly smaller in relation to the depth of the grooves 5.3 / 5.33.

In der Fig. 6 ist eine weitere Variante eines Separators gezeigt. Dieser Separator 14 besitzt zwei, in Seiten-(Stirn-)ansicht gesehen, sternförmige Wellen, deren Drehsinn R bzw. R' gleich den zugehörigen Walzen ist.In the Fig. 6 Another variant of a separator is shown. This separator 14 has two, seen in side (front) view, star-shaped shafts, the direction of rotation R or R 'is equal to the associated rollers.

In der Fig. 7 und 7a sind weitere Varianten der Flügel des Separators 10 dargestellt. Ausgehend vom Zentrum, der Drehachse 11, sind diese Flügel zu ihren freien Enden hin polygonzugartig 17 oder bogenförmig 18 geformt. Diese Ausführungen gewährleisten noch besser als die Grundvariante, dass die zugeführten Behälter, vor allem Behälter mit einem Volumen zwischen 0,25 Liter bis 3 Liter, einen optimalen Andruck in Richtung des Einzugspaltes der Schneid- und Presseinheit 4 erhalten. Wie aus diesen beiden Figuren noch ersichtlich ist, sind die Endbereiche der Flügel 17 bzw. 18 mit Stechelementen 19 besetzt. Die Spitze dieser Stechelemente 19 zeigt in Drehrichtung, also in Arbeitsrichtung. Durch diese Maßnahme wird das Halten und Zuführen der Behälter zum Einzugspalt der Schneid- und Presseinheit 4 hin noch verbessert. Insbesondere bei sehr dünnwandigen und sehr flexiblen Behältern einen derartigen Behälter hinweg rutschen könnten. Diese Stechelemente 19 wirken einem solchen Bestreben entgegen. Anstelle mit Stechelementen können die den jeweiligen Behälter zugewandten Oberflächen der Flügel 17 bzw. 18 aufgeraut sein oder eine raue Beschichtung haben.In the 7 and 7a further variants of the wings of the separator 10 are shown. Starting from the center, the axis of rotation 11, these wings are shaped like a polygon 17 or arc 18 towards their free ends. These designs ensure even better than the basic variant that the supplied containers, especially containers with a volume between 0.25 liters to 3 liters, receive an optimal pressure in the direction of the feed gap of the cutting and pressing unit 4. As can be seen from these two figures, the end regions of the wings 17 and 18 are covered with lancing elements 19. The tip of these lancing elements 19 points in the direction of rotation, that is, in the working direction. This measure improves the holding and feeding of the containers towards the feed gap of the cutting and pressing unit 4. Especially with very thin-walled and very flexible containers such a container could slip away. These lancing elements 19 counteract such efforts. Instead of lancing elements, the surfaces of the wings 17 or 18 facing the respective container can be roughened or have a rough coating.

Bei der Ausführung nach der Fig. 1 sind an der vorderen Seite 1.2 im Bereich der Einfüllöffnung Anschlussstutzen 15 vorgesehen. Selbige werden dort angebracht, falls die Vorrichtung an einen Flaschen-und/oder Dosenannahmeautomaten angekoppelt werden soll.When running after Fig. 1 are provided on the front side 1.2 in the area of the filler opening 15. The same are attached there if the device is to be coupled to a bottle and / or can acceptance machine.

Die vorstehend identifizierten Zeichnungsmerkmale zeigen zwar mehrere bevorzugte Ausführungsformen, jedoch werden auch andere erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsformen wie in der Diskussion erwähnt, erwogen. Diese Offenbarung bietet veranschaulichende erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsformen als Beispiele und nicht als Einschränkungen. Der Fachmann kann zahlreiche andere Modifikationen und Ausführungsformen ersinnen, welche in den Rahmen und den Geist der erfindungsgemäßen Prinzipien fallen.Although the drawing features identified above show several preferred embodiments, other embodiments of the invention as mentioned in the discussion are also considered. This disclosure provides illustrative embodiments of the invention as examples and not as limitations. Those skilled in the art can devise numerous other modifications and embodiments that fall within the scope and spirit of the principles of the invention.

Zur Erfindung gehörend ist auch eine Ausführungsform, bei der Nuten nach der in Figur 5 gezeigten Form in die Umfangsflächen 6.1, 51 bzw. 61 der Scheiben 6, 50 und 60 eingearbeitet sind. Fertigungstechnisch rationell ist dabei, dass zunächst die Einstiche gesetzt und somit die Scheiben gebildet werden, dann die Nuten eingearbeitet werden und erst dann an den betreffenden Scheiben 5, 6, 50 und 60 der vorgesehene Außendurchmesser D1, D2, D3 bzw. D4 gefertigt wird. Diese Vorgehensweise kann einerseits auf die gesamte Welle bezogen sein oder jeweils auf den betreffenden Arbeitsbereich 21 und 22, sodass die Scheiben 5, 6 bzw. 50, 60 dieser Arbeitsbereiche 21 bzw. 22 eine andere Nutform besitzen.The invention also includes an embodiment in which grooves according to the in Figure 5 shown shape are incorporated into the peripheral surfaces 6.1, 51 and 61 of the disks 6, 50 and 60. It is rational in terms of production technology that the recesses are first made and thus the disks are formed, then the grooves are worked in and only then on the relevant disks 5, 6, 50 and 60 the intended outer diameter D1, D2, D3 and D4 is manufactured. On the one hand, this procedure can be related to the entire shaft or to the respective working area 21 and 22, so that the disks 5, 6 or 50, 60 of these working areas 21 or 22 have a different groove shape.

In den Rahmen der Erfindung fällt auch, dass im Übergangsbereich zwischen den Arbeitsbereichen 21 und 22 zumindest auf einer der Walzen eine Kombi-Scheibe 70 vorgesehen ist. Diese Kombi-Scheibe besitzt einerseits einen Abschnitt entsprechend der Gestalt der dritten Scheibe 60 und andererseits einen Abschnitt der Gestalt entsprechend einer ersten Scheibe 6.It also falls within the scope of the invention that a combination disk 70 is provided in the transition area between the work areas 21 and 22 at least on one of the rollers. This combination disc has on the one hand a section corresponding to the shape of the third disk 60 and on the other hand a section corresponding to the shape of a first disk 6.

Zudem liegt es auch im Rahmen der Erfindung, den ersten Arbeitsbereich, den Bereich zum Zusammendrücken leerer Behälter aus Kunststoff, nochmals zu unterteilen, zum Beispiel in einen Unterbereich für weiße, einen für blaue und einen Unterbereich für grüne PET-Flaschen.In addition, it is also within the scope of the invention to subdivide the first working area, the area for compressing empty plastic containers, for example into a sub-area for white, one for blue and a sub-area for green PET bottles.

Genauso ist der zweite Arbeitsbereich, der Bereich für das Zusammendrücken von Behältern aus Metall, unterteilbar in einen Unterbereich für Behälter aus Weißblech und einen zweiten Unterbereich für Behälter aus Aluminium.Likewise, the second work area, the area for compressing metal containers, can be divided into a sub-area for tinplate containers and a second sub-area for aluminum containers.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

11
Rahmen/GehäuseFrame / housing
1.11.1
obere Seite (Fläche)upper side (surface)
1.21.2
vordere Seitefront side
1.31.3
untere Seitelower side
1.41.4
hintere Seiterear side
22nd
EinfüllöffnungFilling opening
33rd
Auslassöffnung (Ausgangsöffnung)Outlet (outlet)
44th
Schneid- und PresseinheitCutting and pressing unit
4.14.1
erste Walze (vordere)first roller (front)
4.24.2
zweite Walze (hintere)second roller (rear)
4.3; 4.64.3; 4.6
Kerndurchmessercore diameter
4.44.4
LagerzapfenBearing journal
4.54.5
Lager- und AntriebszapfenBearing and drive journal
55
Schneidscheiben (zweite Scheiben)Cutting discs (second discs)
5.15.1
UmfangsflächenPeripheral surfaces
5.25.2
SeitenflächenSide faces
5.3, 5.335.3, 5.33
NutenGrooves
5.45.4
Hakenhook
66
Druckscheiben (erste Scheiben)Thrust washers (first washers)
6.16.1
UmfangsflächeCircumferential surface
6.26.2
SeitenflächeSide surface
6.36.3
NutenGrooves
77
Austrittexit
99
Rutscheslide
1010th
Separatorseparator
1111
Drehachse (von Pos. 10)Axis of rotation (from item 10)
1212th
Flügelwing
1313
Rahmenteil (Begrenzung des Aufnahmeraumes nach hinten)Frame part (limitation of the receiving space to the rear)
1414
Separator (Selektierer)Separator
1515
AnschlussstutzenConnecting piece
1616
SchnittspielEditing game
1717th
Flügel, polygonzugartigWing, polygonal
1818th
Flügel, bogenförmigWing, arched
1919th
Stechelemente (Spitzschrauben, Nägel o. dgl. Teil)Lancing elements (pointed screws, nails or the like part)
2020th
zusammengedrückter Behältercompressed container
2121
erster Arbeitsbereichfirst work area
2222
zweiter Arbeitsbereichsecond work area
2323
Abstanddistance
2424th
Abstanddistance
5050
Ritzscheiben (vierte Scheiben)Scoring discs (fourth discs)
5151
Umfangsflächen (von Pos. 50)Peripheral surfaces (from item 50)
6060
PressscheibenPress washers
6161
Umfangsflächen (von Pos. 60)Peripheral surfaces (from item 60)
7070
kombinierte Scheibecombined disc
A1A1
Drehachse der Walze 4.1Axis of rotation of the roller 4.1
A2A2
Drehachse der Walze 4.2Axis of rotation of the roller 4.2
B1B1
Breite von Pos. 6Width of item 6
B2B2
Breite von Pos. 5Width of item 5
B3B3
Breite der Einstiche E1Width of the recesses E1
B4B4
Breite der Scheiben 60Width of the disks 60
B5B5
Breite der Scheiben 50Width of the disks 50
D1D1
Durchmesser der Abschnitte S1 (äußerer Durchmesser)Diameter of the sections S1 (outer diameter)
D2D2
Durchmesser der Abschnitte S2 (äußerer Durchmesser)Diameter of the sections S2 (outer diameter)
D3D3
Durchmesser der Abschnitte S3 (äußerer Durchmesser der betreffenden Scheiben)Diameter of the sections S3 (outer diameter of the disks in question)
D4D4
Durchmesser der Abschnitte S4 (äußerer Durchmesser der betreffenden Scheiben)Diameter of the sections S4 (outer diameter of the disks in question)
DkDk
Umfangskreis der Flügel gem. Fig. 1 Circumferential circle of the wings acc. Fig. 1
E1, E2, E3E1, E2, E3
EinstichePunctures
FF
FörderrichtungDirection of conveyance
FLFL
Flanke (in Umlaufrichtung R bzw. R' nacheilend)Flank (lagging in the direction of rotation R or R ')
FL1FL1
Flanke (in Umlaufrichtung R bzw. R' liegend, vorauseilend)Flank (lying in the direction of rotation R or R ', leading)
FL2FL2
Flanke (in Umlaufrichtung R bzw. R' liegend, vorauseilend)Flank (lying in the direction of rotation R or R ', leading)
NN
NutfußSlot foot
KK
ÜbergangsbereichTransition area
WW
SpitzenwinkelTip angle
G1, G2, G3G1, G2, G3
Behälter, mit verschiedenem DurchmesserContainers with different diameters
SS
Spitze von Pos.5. 4Top of item 5. 4th
S1S1
erster Abschnitt (mit Scheiben gleicher Beschaffenheit)first section (with panes of the same quality)
S2S2
zweiter Abschnitt (mit Scheiben gleicher Beschaffenheit)second section (with panes of the same quality)
S3S3
dritter Abschnitt (mit Scheiben gleicher Beschaffenheit)third section (with panes of the same quality)
S4S4
vierter Abschnitt (mit Scheiben gleicher Beschaffenheit)fourth section (with disks of the same quality)
L1L1
Länge der Abschnitte S1Length of sections S1
L2L2
Länge der Abschnitte S2Length of sections S2
RR
Umlaufrichtung (Rotationsrichtung, Walzendrehsinn)Direction of rotation (direction of rotation, direction of roll rotation)
R'R '
Umlaufrichtung (Rotationsrichtung, Walzendrehsinn)Direction of rotation (direction of rotation, direction of roll rotation)

Claims (12)

  1. Device for compressing empty, deformable containers such as drinks bottles or cans of plastics or tinplate, with
    a) a cutting and pressing unit (4),
    b) means for driving and controlling the cutting and pressing unit (4),
    c) wherein the cutting and pressing unit (4) comprises at least two cooperating rollers (4.1, 4.2) rotating in opposite directions and arranged at a distance from one another with respect to their axes of rotation (A1, A2),
    d) wherein each roller 4.1, 4.2) has a plurality of discs (5, 6, 50, 60) each arranged at an axial distance from one another,
    where
    e) axially adjacent to each other at least in the effective area of the two rollers (4.1, 4.2)
    e1) a first working area (21) for compressing the plastic containers, and
    e2) a second working area (22) for compressing the metal containers are arranged so that plastic containers in the first working area and metal containers in the second working area can be pressed together simultaneously next to each other
    characterised in that
    f1) each working area (21, 22) of each roller (4.1, 4.2) has a plurality of axially oriented sections with a different condition (S1, S2, S3, S4) next to one another,
    f2) wherein the condition of the sections in the first working area (21) is different from the condition of the sections in the second working area (22) with respect to the material of the containers supplied, in particular the different condition of the sections is defined by another body shape or differences in their body shape,
    f3) whereby discs (5, 6, 50, 60) of the same condition are present in a section,
    f4) wherein on each roller (4.1, 4.2) sections arranged next to each other each have discs (5, 6, 50, 60) of a different condition, wherein, in the case of more than two sections in a working area (21, 22), sections with discs of a different condition are arranged alternately.
  2. Device according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the difference in condition is defined at least by the respective outer diameter (D1, D2, D3, D4) of the discs, and wherein
    in the assembled state, the axial offset of the two rollers (4.1, 4.2) is such that at least two discs (5) with the largest outer diameter (D2) lying opposite one another are next to one another and mesh with one another with their facing side faces (5.2).
  3. Device according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the first working area (21) has at least one first portion (S1) with discs (6) of smaller diameter (D1) and at least one second portion (S2) with at least one disc (5) of larger diameter (D2), and further
    the second working area (22) has at least one third section (S3) with discs (60) of small diameter (D3) and at least one fourth section (S4) with at least one disc (50) of larger diameter (D4).
  4. Device according to claim 3,
    characterised in that
    in the second working area (22) the discs (60) with smaller diameter (D3) are wider than the discs (50) with larger diameter (D4).
  5. Device according to claim 3,
    characterised in that
    on each roller (4.1, 4.2) between axially adjacent discs (60) of smaller diameter (D3) a radially inwardly directed groove (E3) is provided, with a width for the meshing engagement of the opposite disc (50) of larger diameter (D4) together with cutting clearance on both sides.
  6. Device according to claim 4 or 5,
    characterised in that
    on each roller (4.1, 4.2) between a disc (50) with a larger diameter (D4) and a disc (60) with a smaller diameter (D3) there a groove (E4) is radially arranged, the width of which is narrower than the width of a disc (50) with a larger diameter (D4).
  7. Device according to claim 3,
    characterised in that
    the length (L2) of the sections (S2) having one or more discs of larger diameter (D2) is less than the length (L1) of the sections (S1) having discs of smaller diameter (D1).
  8. Device according to claim 7,
    characterised in that
    the portions (S1) having the discs with a smaller diameter (D1) have a plurality of pressing discs (6) which are each spaced apart from one another by a width (B3) of a groove (E1).
  9. Device according to claim 2
    characterised in that
    the so-called cutting clearance (16) between adjacent, meshing discs (5; 6; 50, 60) has a value between 0.2 mm and 2 mm.
  10. Device according to claim 2,
    characterised in that
    the overlap of adjacent and opposite discs has a value between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm, preferably 10 % of the width of a disc (5 or 6; 50, 60).
  11. Device according to claim 2,
    characterised in that
    the discs (5) have grooves (5.3) which are incorporated in the circumferential surface (5.1) and whose shoulder (FL), which lags in the direction of rotation (R, R'), has an acute-angled hook (5) which points in the direction of rotation and is connected to the circumferential surface (5.1).4) pointing in the direction of rotation, wherein the shoulder (FL) starting at the tip (S) has a linear form directed against the direction of rotation (R, R') and the transition region (K) adjoining it towards the bottom of the groove (N) and/or the shoulder (FL1) lying in the direction of rotation is of arcuate construction, wherein
    the two shoulders (FL and FL1) of each groove are parallel or divergent (FL, FL2) and the tip angle (W) of the hook (5.4) is selected between 45° and 80°.
  12. Device according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    a separator/selector (10) is mounted upstream of the rollers (4.1, 4.2) of the cutting and pressing unit (4), wherein
    the separator/selector (10) is a blade shaft which preferably has three or four blades (12) whose free blade ends, viewed in the direction of rotation (R'), lag behind the start of the blade, and
    the blades are fixed in the centre, i.e. on the axis of rotation (11), and are designed in the shape of a polygon (17) or an arc (18) towards their free ends.
EP09011506.4A 2008-09-11 2009-09-09 Device for pressing empty deformable containers Active EP2163375B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008047319A DE102008047319A1 (en) 2008-09-11 2008-09-11 Device for compressing empty, deformable containers

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2163375A2 EP2163375A2 (en) 2010-03-17
EP2163375A3 EP2163375A3 (en) 2013-10-23
EP2163375B1 true EP2163375B1 (en) 2020-04-29

Family

ID=41198563

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09011506.4A Active EP2163375B1 (en) 2008-09-11 2009-09-09 Device for pressing empty deformable containers

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US (1) US8783173B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2163375B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102008047319A1 (en)

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CN111437917B (en) * 2020-04-27 2021-01-15 池州德特机电设备有限公司 Garbage crushing apparatus capable of removing water and preventing blockage

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20100058942A1 (en) 2010-03-11
EP2163375A2 (en) 2010-03-17
EP2163375A3 (en) 2013-10-23
US8783173B2 (en) 2014-07-22
DE102008047319A1 (en) 2010-04-15

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