EP2161415A2 - Device and method for reducing the pressure on a dividing fugue between at least two neighbouring sections - Google Patents
Device and method for reducing the pressure on a dividing fugue between at least two neighbouring sections Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2161415A2 EP2161415A2 EP20090166731 EP09166731A EP2161415A2 EP 2161415 A2 EP2161415 A2 EP 2161415A2 EP 20090166731 EP20090166731 EP 20090166731 EP 09166731 A EP09166731 A EP 09166731A EP 2161415 A2 EP2161415 A2 EP 2161415A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cavity
- boundary
- parts
- parting line
- pressure chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/005—Sealing means between non relatively rotating elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
- Y10T29/4932—Turbomachine making
- Y10T29/49323—Assembling fluid flow directing devices, e.g., stators, diaphragms, nozzles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device, in particular a steam turbine, comprising at least a first boundary part and at least a second boundary part, wherein the boundary parts are fastened to each other to form a parting line and thereby enclose at least a portion of a first pressure chamber. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for lowering the on a parting line, which is formed by the joining together of at least a first boundary part and at least a second boundary part of a device, in particular a steam turbine, acting pressure and to reduce the forces acting on the parting line fastening forces, wherein the Enclosing parts enclose at least a portion of a first pressure chamber.
- a flow channel is formed by various boundary parts or flow channel parts which are joined together.
- the flow channel formed is subjected to superheated steam under high pressure.
- Along the longitudinal axis of the flow channel pressure chambers are formed with different levels of internal pressures. Therefore, it is crucial that the connection of the various boundary parts is sufficiently dense, so that no leaks occur. This is particularly difficult because in a steam turbine steam or steam temperatures of more than 600 ° C can occur at a vapor pressure of about 250 bar.
- a parting line is formed, with four boundary parts a so-called cross-sectional joint.
- a cross-sectional joint has both a horizontal and a vertical parting line.
- the formation of a cross-sectional joint is required if for manufacturing reasons or from Due to the choice of material the first boundary parts and the second boundary parts of the flow channel must be carried out separately.
- the limitation parts generally have different materials with different thermal expansion coefficients and different constructions.
- a boundary part of a cast steel and the other boundary part may be formed as a welded construction or of a ductile iron.
- the flange connection on the joints, in particular the cross-part joints must be designed for overpressure, for underpressure or usually for changing pressure conditions.
- the object of the invention is to provide an apparatus and a method which allow the pressure and to reduce or reduce the forces on a parting line, in particular on a cross-sectional joint, between at least two mutually attached boundary parts of the device, in particular a steam turbine, when high pressures occur during operation of the device.
- a cross-sectional joint at boundary parts of a steam turbine is to be made accessible to a larger area of use.
- the object is achieved by a device, in particular a steam turbine, comprising at least a first boundary part and at least a second boundary part, wherein the boundary parts are fastened to each other to form a parting line and thereby enclose at least a portion of a first pressure chamber, in the a shielding element is provided on the sides of the delimiting parts facing the first pressure chamber, which is arranged sealingly opposite the at least one first delimiting part and the at least one second delimiting part and thereby completely covers the parting line, so that a cavity is formed between the delimiting parts and the shielding element, and that a conduit is guided into the cavity, which connects the cavity with a second pressure chamber, dissolved.
- a device in particular a steam turbine, comprising at least a first boundary part and at least a second boundary part, wherein the boundary parts are fastened to each other to form a parting line and thereby enclose at least a portion of a first pressure chamber
- a shielding element is provided on the sides of the delimiting parts facing
- the core of the invention is that the region of the parting line which faces the first pressure chamber is subjected to a lower pressure than prevails in the flow channel when the device, in particular the steam turbine, is in operation.
- the forces acting on the attachment of the limiting parts in particular the axial forces, can be reduced.
- the at least one first and the at least one second boundary part of the device are joined together.
- a parting line, in particular a cross-sectional joint is formed.
- the limitation parts are fastened to each other in particular by means of fastening screws.
- a shielding element is provided on the sides of the delimiting parts facing the first pressure chamber, which is sealingly arranged relative to the at least one first delimiting part and the at least one second delimiting part, thereby completely covering the parting line.
- a cavity is formed between the boundary parts and the shielding in the region of the parting line.
- a conduit is guided, which connects the cavity with a second, external pressure chamber. If the boundary parts form a flow channel of a steam turbine, then the area of the parting line or the cross-part joint is protected on the steam side by the shielding element, so that lower environmental parameters, ie a lower pressure and a moderately lower temperature, can be set in this shielded area.
- the pressure in the cavity can be adjusted to the pressure in the second pressure chamber.
- the shielding effect is achieved in that a shielding element located inside the first pressure space formed by the delimiting parts completely covers the parting line or the cross-parting joint and seals on all sides of the joint, ie is arranged sealingly opposite at least one first and at least one second delimiting part.
- the pressure reduction takes place through the line which connects the cavity between the shielding, the boundary parts and the joint with a second pressure chamber located further downstream in the expansion.
- the second pressure chamber or the line to the second pressure chamber may, for example, be fixed to the inside of the at least one first and / or the at least one second boundary part or to a guide blade carrier of the device, in particular the steam turbine.
- Such a device or such a steam turbine makes it possible to make the area of use of a joint joint, in particular a cross-part joint connection, accessible between the delimiting parts to a larger area of use.
- a reduction of the pressure in the cavity by about 15 to 20 bar compared to the pressure in the first pressure chamber of the steam turbine formed by the boundary parts can be achieved. Furthermore, a reduction of the effective internal pressure-related axial forces on the fastening screws by about 1/3 compared to conventional steam turbines is possible.
- the pressure reduction is accompanied by a moderate temperature reduction by throttling. This throttling comes about by the pressure reduction of any leakage mass flows from the interior into the cavity without performing technical work.
- the shielding element can be designed in various ways. For example, this may have an angular or a curved profile.
- the parting line may for example be formed next to a cross-parting joint as a Stoßteilfuge.
- three boundary parts abut each other.
- the at least one first and the at least one second boundary part preferably represent rotationally symmetrical or essentially rotationally symmetrical elements.
- Essentially rotationally symmetrical means that the elements can have cylindrical, conical or curved subregions.
- Substantially rotationally symmetric elements may at certain points not rotationally symmetrical additions or sections, such as inflows, reinforcements or flanges exhibit.
- These rotationally symmetric or substantially rotationally symmetrical elements form the flow channel of the device or the steam turbine. It can also be provided more than two limiting parts, wherein the joints or the cross-sectional joints between the respective boundary parts are shielded according to the invention.
- the shielding element preferably also has a rotationally symmetrical or substantially rotationally symmetrical profile.
- a device is preferred in which the line is led to the cavity through one of the limiting parts or through the shielding element.
- the conduit is preferably formed as a conduit and advantageously connects the cavity to a downstream flow direction, i. downstream in the expansion, lying second pressure chamber.
- the line in particular the pipeline, partially or completely within and / or outside the boundary parts, that is, the first pressure chamber, are performed.
- a device or a steam turbine is preferred in which the shielding element and the sealing of the shielding element are designed to be heat-movable. This allows different deformations of the limiting parts or the shield due to the partially prevailing high temperatures and the high pressures are compensated.
- a device or a steam turbine wherein the shielding attached to at least two circumferential receptacles on the boundary parts, in particular suspended, or that the shielding sealingly seated by at least two heat-resistant seals on the boundary parts or that the shielding at least one circumferential Receiving attached to at least one of the boundary parts, in particular suspended, and is sealingly seated by at least one heat-movable seal on the at least one other boundary part.
- a circumferential receptacle is provided, to which a first axial region, in particular a first free end of the shielding is sealingly secured, and that a heat-movable seal between the inside of the second boundary parts and a second axial region, in particular of the second free end, of the shielding element is provided.
- the attachment of the first axial region or of the first free end of the shielding element to the peripheral receptacle can be effected for example by means of screw connections or by insertion into a circumferential groove.
- the fixing of the shielding advantageously takes place axially and radially to the longitudinal axis of the flow channel at the peripheral receptacle.
- a sealing element may be provided in this attachment. If the shielding element is seated in a sealing manner with respect to the delimiting parts by means of at least two heat-resistant seals, the shielding element is preferably axially fixed by an axial fixation. This fixation can be done on a boundary part or a circumferential groove. In particular screw connections are particularly suitable.
- At least one circumferential receptacle is formed by a stator part.
- the Stator part is sealingly fixed to at least one boundary part.
- the circumferential receptacle can be formed by an inwardly and / or axially projecting circumferential web. The shape or the configuration of the at least one circumferential receptacle can be varied.
- the at least one heat-movable seal is sealingly seated on the at least one peripheral receptacle, in particular on the stator part or the surrounding web.
- the heat-permeable sealing can be formed by a pressure and / or spring force-loadable piston ring, by a labyrinth or transparent seal or by at least one sealing plate.
- piston ring seals and labyrinth seals are very suitable for use under extreme operating conditions, ie at high pressures and temperatures.
- Labyrinth or see-through seals can have small games. It is also conceivable that a plurality of seals or sealing plates are provided for the heat-permeable sealing of an axial region, in particular a free end, of the shielding element.
- At least one of the boundary parts of the device has a groove for receiving the heat-movable seal. This creates a particularly good attachment and sealing of the shielding to the corresponding boundary parts. As a particularly sealing has proven to introduce a piston ring seal in the groove. The seal can be adjusted in the groove.
- the heat-movable seal is a split seal.
- a part of the split seal is after lifting the first boundary part in the vicinity of the parting line, in particular the funnelteilfuge, separable, so that thereafter the remaining part of the shield can be dismantled.
- So can be provided as a split seal a piston ring seal in two parts and with two joints.
- Such a split seal can be arranged directly on the shielding element and / or on one of the delimiting parts and / or on at least one peripheral receptacle.
- a shock forms a separation point on the circumference of the piston ring.
- the joints have seals and optional entanglements.
- the line is preferably designed to be flexible and / or at least slidably mounted on the passage to the cavity. This can be avoided that the line breaks when it comes to thermal expansion of individual components. Despite the displaceability or flexibility of the line this is arranged sealed in the implementation of the cavity. If the line is designed as a pipe, this is preferably mounted displaceably, since the pipe is designed to be less flexible than a flexible line from the outset.
- the shielding element is at least divided into two, wherein the at least two parts of the shielding element are sealingly fastened to one another. It is particularly advantageous if the shielding element is divided axially.
- the segment of the shielding element, on which the heat-movable seal is arranged is fastened to the second boundary part, and that the second segment is arranged on the first boundary part.
- the segment with the heat-movable seal after disassembly of the first boundary part and the second segment of the shielding can be excavated together with a rotor of the steam turbine and then disassembled.
- a piston ring seal is particularly proven.
- the respective segments of the shielding element can by means of Screw and heat-resistant seals are sealingly fixed together.
- the shielding element of the device preferably has at least one heating bore. Through a Anicarmbohrung a targeted mass flow of the hot steam flowing in the flow channel can be discharged into the cavity.
- heat-resistant seals may be used which have certain permeability. Such leaks having seals allow moderate leakage through the seals.
- a heating line which can be locked by means of a locking element can be led to the cavity.
- the shielded hot steam can be temporarily supplied to the cavity via the lockable Anürm ein.
- the warming up line has at least one locking element.
- This locking element may for example be a slide, a regulator, a tap or a valve. But other types of locking elements are conceivable. If the shielding element heating holes or the seals have certain permeabilities, then a certain amount of superheated steam can be continuously supplied to the cavity.
- the line to the pressure chamber also has a locking element which can be closed if necessary, to increase the temperature and pressure in the cavity in the short term.
- the locking element of the conduit can also be designed as a slide, a regulator, a cock, a valve, etc.
- the locking element in the conduit to the second pressure chamber allows a temporary damming of the pressure and also the temperature in the cavity and the line connection to the, usually downstream, second pressure chamber. After reaching a desired temperature level in the cavity and / or in the flange portions of the parting line, in particular the funnelteilfuge, or in the relevant for the unsteady operation sections of the delimiting the line to the second pressure chamber is fully opened again, so that for the stationary Operation again a lowered pressure in the cavity and thus adjusts the parting line. Through the opening of the line and the temperature level in the cavity or in the line is again adjustable.
- a device is preferred in which at least one cooling steam line, which can be locked by means of a locking element, is guided to the hollow space via which cooling steam can be fed into the hollow space. That is, in addition to the above-mentioned improvements in terms of the pressure at the parting line or the cross-sectional joint and the axial force and the possible moderate temperature reduction by throttling can, if necessary, a further stationary temperature reduction at the parting line or the vertical parting of the cross-sectional joint can be achieved. This is necessary, for example, if admissible operating temperatures of limiting parts, of the shielding element or of screw materials are complied with or if a lowering of the component temperatures requires an increase in the strength characteristics.
- cooling steam is advantageously passed from a first, downstream with respect to the parting line, passage through the cooling steam line in the cavity between the shield and the parting line and returned through the line to a second, further downstream point.
- the pressure in the cavity may be due to the special piping design, in particular Pipe design, and any damming in the line, also referred to as discharge line, are set, in the limits of the pressure levels of the first and the second digit.
- This solution is technically sophisticated and requires a more massive design of the shield, ie the shielding.
- the additional benefit of the described measures for lowering the temperature can then be checked case by case.
- the Anürm technisch, the cooling steam line and the discharge line have corresponding locking elements, by which a regulation of the pressure level is made possible.
- the locking elements may be, for example, a slide, a regulator, a tap or a valve. But other locking elements are conceivable. Furthermore, instead of or in addition to the locking elements, flow resistances, such as orifices, throttles, etc., can be used for the regulation of the pressure level within the lines, ie the line, the heating line and / or the cooling steam line.
- a suction device can be sucked through the leakage quantities.
- a sealing seam is welded to the side of the parting line facing the first pressure chamber, in particular the vertical cross-part joint. It is important to ensure the safe and sufficiently heat-mobile design of the weld, so that damage is avoided even in transient processes.
- the object is achieved by a method for lowering the pressure acting on a parting line, which is formed by joining together at least one first delimiting part and at least one second delimiting part of a device, in particular a steam turbine, and for reducing the pressure acting on the part Dividing joint acting fastening forces, wherein the boundary parts at least enclosing a part of a first pressure chamber, a shielding element being provided sealingly opposite the at least one first boundary part and the at least one second boundary part at the sides of the boundary parts facing the flow channel interior, thereby completely covering the parting line, so that between the boundary parts and the shielding a cavity is formed, and wherein from a second pressure chamber, a conduit is guided into the cavity, via which the pressure in the cavity is lowered to a lower level, dissolved.
- the tight cover of the parting line on the inside of the boundary parts by a shielding creates a cavity.
- a conduit is guided, which is connected to a lying outside the cavity second pressure chamber.
- other operating conditions in particular other temperatures and pressures, can be set in the cavity than in the first pressure chamber.
- the burden on the parting line, in particular on the cross-part joint reduced. It has been proven that a reduction of the pressure by 15 to 20 bar is possible.
- the application of the parting line, in particular the cross-sectional joint is significantly increased in steam turbines and other devices. That is, the application of a joint connection, in particular a cross-part joint connection is extended.
- the pressure reduction in the region of the parting line or cross-parting joint is made possible by a reliable heat-resistant shielding.
- Due to the pressure reduction in the region of the parting line or cross-part joint a reduction of the effective internal pressure-related axial forces by about 1/3 compared to the known devices in which no pressure reduction takes place, possible.
- Particularly preferred is a method in which the pressure acting on the parting line and the fastening forces acting on the parting line are lowered or reduced by a device, in particular a steam turbine, according to the first aspect of the invention.
- the Fig. 1 to 5 show schematically different connection possibilities of two limiting elements 1, 2 of a steam turbine.
- the shielding element 5 completely covers the parting line 3, so that a sealed cavity 6 is created between the two inner sides of the delimiting elements 1, 2, the parting line 3 and the shielding element 5.
- the shielding element 5 protects the parting line in front of the prevailing in the flow channel or in the first pressure chamber, which is at least partially formed by the two limiting elements 1, 2, prevailing conditions.
- the shielding element 5 is sealingly attached to the boundary elements 1, 2 around the region of the parting line 3 or the cross-sectional joint.
- the boundary elements 1, 2 are formed as rotationally symmetric or substantially rotationally symmetrical elements or sub-elements.
- the shielding element 5 is sealingly attached to an axial region, in this case at a free end, on a circumferential receptacle 9 arranged on the first boundary part 1.
- the circumferential receptacle 9 may also be a stator of the steam turbine or a circumferential, inwardly projecting web.
- the shielding element 5 can be suspended from the circulated receptacle 9 at least slightly movably.
- a second axial region, in particular the second free end, of the shielding element 5 is arranged sealed on the inside of the second boundary part 2.
- This heat-resistant seal 10 may be, for example, a pressure and / or spring-loaded piston ring seal or labyrinth seal.
- the shielding element 5 has a passage in which a line 7 rests sealed.
- the conduit 7 connects the cavity 6 with a second, not shown, pressure chamber arranged outside the shielding element 5.
- the line 7 is preferably at least partially flexibly formed and / or is slidably mounted in the passage to the cavity 6.
- the line 7 is preferably designed as a pipeline.
- the conduit 7 is arranged sealed by a sealing element 16.
- the conduit 7 is further downstream of a vane support 15, which is arranged on the circumferential receptacle 9 a, attached.
- the second pressure space may be provided downstream of the vane support, for example.
- the line 7 preferably has a locking element 13, in particular in the form of a valve. About this locking element 13, the conditions, in particular the pressure and the temperature within the cavity 6 can be controlled.
- the shielding element 5 has a Anicarmbohrung 12 through which a defined amount of superheated steam can be continuously supplied to the cavity 6. This serves to improve the transient behavior of the shielded parting line or cross-parting joint.
- a temporary increase in the heat transfer coefficient of the cavity 6 surrounding components is possible.
- the locking element 13 and thus the line 7 can be fully opened again, so that the pressure in the cavity 6 lowers again for stationary operation of the steam turbine.
- the two boundary parts 1, 2 have flange connections, are guided by the fastening screws 14.
- the heat-movable seal 10 has a certain permeability, can flow through the continuously a defined amount of superheated steam in the cavity 6.
- the risk of leakage at the parting line 3 is reduced.
- boundary parts 1, 2 are provided, these are connected to one another at a parting line 3.
- Three boundary parts form a Stoßteilfuge and four boundary parts form a Wienteilfuge.
- Fig. 2 shows a further embodiment of the sealing of a parting line 3 and a funnelteilfuge between at least two boundary parts 1, 2 of a steam turbine.
- the heat-movable seal 10 is designed in two parts.
- the two-part seal 11 has advantages when mounting or dismounting the shielding element 5 on the at least one second boundary part 2.
- the split seal 11 is a piston ring seal in two parts and with two joints.
- the second pressure chamber is also in this and in the Fig. 3-5 not shown embodiments shown.
- the second pressure chamber is formed by the interior of the at least one first boundary part 1 and sealed lead carrier used.
- the second pressure chamber in addition to the arrangement in the flow channel, can also be arranged outside the flow channel, ie outside the boundary parts 1, 2.
- the flange 8 of the shielding element 5 serves to close the parting line of the at least two-part shielding element 5.
- the in the Fig. 3 shown variant of the sealing of a parting line 3 and a funnelteilfuge between at least two boundary parts 1, 2 of a steam turbine, has a different leadership of the line 7 between the cavity 6 and a second pressure chamber.
- the passage to the cavity 6 is not provided in the shielding member 5 but in the first restriction member 1.
- the line 7 is outside the flow channel, ie outside the first boundary part 1, out and is first performed in a downstream region in the flow channel interior 4 and connected there to the second pressure chamber, not shown.
- the conduit 7 is sealingly secured in the passage to the cavity 6 in the at least one first boundary part 1 by sealing elements.
- the shielding element 5 is divided in this embodiment into two segments 5a, 5b. In this case, the shielding element 5 is divided axially.
- the heat-movable seal 10 here in the form of a split seal 11, respectively.
- the second shielding element segment 5b is fixed to the circumferential receptacle 9 on the inside of the at least one first limiting part 1.
- the split seal 11 allows the first shield member segment 5a with the split seal 11, after disassembly of the first restriction member 1 and the second shield member segment 5b, to be excavated together with the rotor of the steam turbine provided in the flow passage interior 4 and disassembled accordingly.
- a split seal 11 is a piston ring seal.
- the line is preferably mounted slidably in the passages or formed flexible at least one point.
- the Ablelementsegmente 5a, 5b each have a flange 8a, 8b, through which the at least two divided Ablelementsegmente 5a, 5b together and possibly on at least one of the boundary members 1, 2 and / or at least one circumferential groove 9, for example, a stator axially can be fixed.
- Fig. 4 shows a further possible embodiment variant of the sealing of a parting line 3 and a funnelteilfuge between at least two boundary parts 1, 2 of a steam turbine.
- a Anürmtechnisch 17 is guided from the flow channel interior 4 in the cavity 6 in this embodiment.
- the Anürmtechnisch 17 is not performed by the shielding 5, but by the at least one second boundary part 2 sealingly.
- the Anürmtechnisch 17 hot steam from the flow channel interior 4 and from the first pressure chamber into the cavity 6 to achieve a temporary pressure increase and an increase in the temperature in the cavity 6.
- a conduit 7 is provided, which is guided partly outside the flow channel. With an opening of the locking element 18 of the Anürmtechnisch 17 and a simultaneous closure of the locking element 13 of the line 7, the pressure and the temperature in the cavity 6 can be temporarily increased.
- cooling steam from a first downstream point through a further cooling steam line 19 into the cavity 6 between the shielding 5, the parting line 2 and the boundary parts 1, 2 are passed.
- the line 7 which ends at a second, more downstream point in the flow channel, in particular in a third pressure chamber, the supplied cooling steam can be removed again.
- the pressure in the cavity 6 can be adjusted by the specific design of the cooling steam line 19 and the line 7 and a damming in the line 7, in the limits of the pressure levels of the first and the second location.
- this solution is technically demanding and requires a more solid design of the shielding 5.
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Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung, insbesondere eine Dampfturbine, aufweisend wenigstens ein erstes Begrenzungsteil und wenigstens ein zweites Begrenzungsteil, wobei die Begrenzungsteile unter Bildung einer Trennfuge aneinander befestigbar sind und dabei zumindest einen Teil eines ersten Druckraumes umschließen. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Absenkung des auf eine Trennfuge, die durch das Aneinanderfügen wenigstens eines ersten Begrenzungsteils und wenigstens eines zweiten Begrenzungsteils einer Vorrichtung, insbesondere einer Dampfturbine, gebildet wird, wirkenden Druckes und zur Reduzierung der auf die Trennfuge wirkenden Befestigungskräfte, wobei die Begrenzungsteile wenigstens einen Teil eines ersten Druckraumes umschließen.The present invention relates to a device, in particular a steam turbine, comprising at least a first boundary part and at least a second boundary part, wherein the boundary parts are fastened to each other to form a parting line and thereby enclose at least a portion of a first pressure chamber. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for lowering the on a parting line, which is formed by the joining together of at least a first boundary part and at least a second boundary part of a device, in particular a steam turbine, acting pressure and to reduce the forces acting on the parting line fastening forces, wherein the Enclosing parts enclose at least a portion of a first pressure chamber.
Bei Dampfturbinen wird ein Strömungskanal durch verschiedene Begrenzungsteile bzw. Strömungskanalteile, die aneinandergefügt werden, gebildet. Der gebildete Strömungskanal wird mit Heißdampf unter hohem Druck beaufschlagt. Entlang der Längsachse des Strömungskanals werden Druckräume mit unterschiedlich hohen Innendrücken gebildet. Daher ist entscheidend, dass die Verbindung der verschiedenen Begrenzungsteile ausreichend dicht ist, so dass keine Leckagen auftreten. Dies ist insbesondere deshalb schwierig, da bei einer Dampfturbine Dampf- bzw. Frischdampftemperaturen von mehr als 600°C bei einem Dampfdruck von über 250 bar auftreten können.In steam turbines, a flow channel is formed by various boundary parts or flow channel parts which are joined together. The flow channel formed is subjected to superheated steam under high pressure. Along the longitudinal axis of the flow channel pressure chambers are formed with different levels of internal pressures. Therefore, it is crucial that the connection of the various boundary parts is sufficiently dense, so that no leaks occur. This is particularly difficult because in a steam turbine steam or steam temperatures of more than 600 ° C can occur at a vapor pressure of about 250 bar.
An der Verbindung zwischen wenigstens zwei Begrenzungsteilen des Strömungskanals wird eine Trennfuge, bei vier Begrenzungsteilen eine sogenannte Kreuzteilfuge, gebildet. Eine Kreuzteilfuge weist sowohl eine waagerechte als auch eine senkrechte Teilfuge auf. Die Ausbildung einer Kreuzteilfuge ist dann erforderlich, wenn aus Fertigungsgründen oder aus Gründen der Werkstoffwahl die ersten Begrenzungsteile und die zweiten Begrenzungsteile des Strömungskanals getrennt ausgeführt werden müssen. Die Begrenzungsteile weisen in der Regel unterschiedliche Werkstoffe mit unterschiedlichen Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten und unterschiedliche Konstruktionen auf. So kann ein Begrenzungsteil aus einem Stahlguss und das andere Begrenzungsteil kann als Schweißkonstruktion oder aus einem Sphäroguss gebildet sein. Die Flanschverbindung an den Trennfugen, insbesondere den Kreuzteilfugen, ist für Überdruck, für Unterdruck oder meist für wechselnde Druckverhältnisse auszulegen.At the connection between at least two boundary parts of the flow channel, a parting line is formed, with four boundary parts a so-called cross-sectional joint. A cross-sectional joint has both a horizontal and a vertical parting line. The formation of a cross-sectional joint is required if for manufacturing reasons or from Due to the choice of material the first boundary parts and the second boundary parts of the flow channel must be carried out separately. The limitation parts generally have different materials with different thermal expansion coefficients and different constructions. Thus, a boundary part of a cast steel and the other boundary part may be formed as a welded construction or of a ductile iron. The flange connection on the joints, in particular the cross-part joints, must be designed for overpressure, for underpressure or usually for changing pressure conditions.
Die Ausführung von Dampfturbinengehäusen mit einer Kreuzteilfuge besitzt den Vorteil, dass die Herstellung der Rohteile und die Bearbeitung der Begrenzungsteile an jeweils kleineren Komponenten erfolgen können. Damit lassen sich Vorteile sowohl hinsichtlich der Kosten als auch der Beschaffungs- und Bearbeitungskapazität erschließen. Kreuzteilfugen besitzen allerdings den Nachteil, dass aufgrund der räumlichen Enge um den Schnittpunkt der Teilfugen herum nur begrenzte Möglichkeiten der sicheren Verschraubung bestehen. Damit weisen Kreuzteilfugen eher als andere Teilfugen die Gefahr einer Leckage auf und werden für Dampfturbinen nur bis zu bestimmten begrenzten Dampfparametern ausgeführt.The execution of steam turbine housings with a cross-sectional joint has the advantage that the production of the blanks and the processing of the limiting parts can be made to smaller components. This opens up advantages in terms of both costs and procurement and processing capacity. However, cross-part joints have the disadvantage that, due to the limited space around the intersection of the part joints, there are only limited possibilities for secure screw connection. Thus, cross-part joints rather than other part joints, the risk of leakage and are performed for steam turbines only up to certain limited steam parameters.
Es ist bekannt, Kreuzteilfugen mit Absaugungen auszustatten, um etwaige auftretende Leckagemengen aufzufangen. Weiterhin ist bekannt, eine Dichtnaht auf der Innenseite der senkrechten Teilfuge zu schweißen. Problematisch ist hier eine sichere und ausreichend wärmebewegliche Gestaltung der Schweißnaht, so dass eine Beschädigung auch bei instationären Vorgängen vermieden wird. Durch die hohen Drücke und Temperaturen kann es zu Ausdehnungen der entsprechenden Begrenzungsteile kommen, so dass es an der Dichtnaht zu Rissen und damit zu Leckagen kommen kann.It is known to equip Kreuzteilfugen with suction to absorb any occurring leakage quantities. Furthermore, it is known to weld a sealing seam on the inside of the vertical parting line. The problem here is a safe and sufficiently heat-transportable design of the weld, so that damage is avoided even in transient processes. Due to the high pressures and temperatures can lead to expansion of the corresponding boundary parts, so that it can lead to cracks and leaks at the sealing seam.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zu schaffen, die es ermöglichen den Druck und die Kräfte auf eine Trennfuge, insbesondere auf eine Kreuzteilfuge, zwischen wenigstens zwei aneinander befestigten Begrenzungsteilen der Vorrichtung, insbesondere einer Dampfturbine, zu senken bzw. zu reduzieren, wenn bei einem Betrieb der Vorrichtung hohe Drücke auftreten. Insbesondere soll eine Kreuzteilfuge an Begrenzungsteilen einer Dampfturbine einem größeren Einsatzbereich zugänglich gemacht werden.The object of the invention is to provide an apparatus and a method which allow the pressure and to reduce or reduce the forces on a parting line, in particular on a cross-sectional joint, between at least two mutually attached boundary parts of the device, in particular a steam turbine, when high pressures occur during operation of the device. In particular, a cross-sectional joint at boundary parts of a steam turbine is to be made accessible to a larger area of use.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Vorrichtung, insbesondere eine Dampfturbine, mit den Merkmalen gemäß dem unabhängigen Patentanspruch 1 sowie durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen gemäß dem unabhängigen Patentanspruch 20 gelöst. Weitere Merkmale und Details der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, der Beschreibung sowie den Zeichnungen. Dabei gelten Merkmale und Details, die im Zusammenhang mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, insbesondere der Dampfturbine, beschrieben sind, selbstverständlich auch im Zusammenhang mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren, und jeweils umgekehrt, so dass bezüglich der Offenbarung zu den einzelnen Erfindungsaspekten stets wechselseitig Bezug genommen wird.This object is achieved by a device, in particular a steam turbine, having the features according to
Gemäß dem ersten Aspekt der Erfindung wird die Aufgabe durch eine Vorrichtung, insbesondere eine Dampfturbine, aufweisend wenigstens ein erstes Begrenzungsteil und wenigstens ein zweites Begrenzungsteil, wobei die Begrenzungsteile unter Bildung einer Trennfuge aneinander befestigbar sind und dabei zumindest einen Teil eines ersten Druckraumes umschließen, bei der an den dem ersten Druckraum zugewandten Seiten der Begrenzungsteile ein Abschirmelement vorgesehen ist, das abdichtend gegenüber dem wenigstens einen ersten Begrenzungsteil und dem wenigstens einen zweiten Begrenzungsteil angeordnet ist und dabei die Trennfuge vollständig abdeckt, so dass zwischen den Begrenzungsteilen und dem Abschirmelement ein Hohlraum gebildet ist, und dass eine Leitung in den Hohlraum geführt ist, die den Hohlraum mit einem zweiten Druckraum verbindet, gelöst.According to the first aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by a device, in particular a steam turbine, comprising at least a first boundary part and at least a second boundary part, wherein the boundary parts are fastened to each other to form a parting line and thereby enclose at least a portion of a first pressure chamber, in the a shielding element is provided on the sides of the delimiting parts facing the first pressure chamber, which is arranged sealingly opposite the at least one first delimiting part and the at least one second delimiting part and thereby completely covers the parting line, so that a cavity is formed between the delimiting parts and the shielding element, and that a conduit is guided into the cavity, which connects the cavity with a second pressure chamber, dissolved.
Kern der Erfindung ist, dass der Bereich der Trennfuge, der dem ersten Druckraum zugewandt ist, mit einem niedrigeren Druck beaufschlagt wird, als in dem Strömungskanal bei Betrieb der Vorrichtung, insbesondere der Dampfturbine, vorherrscht. Durch die Druckabsenkung an der Trennfuge können auch die auf die Befestigung der Begrenzungsteile wirkenden Kräfte, insbesondere die Axialkräfte, reduziert werden. Das wenigstens eine erste und das wenigstens eine zweite Begrenzungsteil der Vorrichtung werden aneinandergefügt. An der Verbindungsstelle wird eine Trennfuge, insbesondere eine Kreuzteilfuge, gebildet. Die Begrenzungsteile werden insbesondere mittels Befestigungsschrauben aneinander befestigt. Durch die Abschirmung der Trennfuge bzw. der Kreuzteilfuge kann der Druck auf die Fuge reduziert werden und damit insbesondere die Axialkräfte auf die Befestigungsschrauben der Flanschverbindung zwischen den Begrenzungsteilen reduziert werden.The core of the invention is that the region of the parting line which faces the first pressure chamber is subjected to a lower pressure than prevails in the flow channel when the device, in particular the steam turbine, is in operation. By lowering the pressure at the parting line, the forces acting on the attachment of the limiting parts, in particular the axial forces, can be reduced. The at least one first and the at least one second boundary part of the device are joined together. At the junction, a parting line, in particular a cross-sectional joint, is formed. The limitation parts are fastened to each other in particular by means of fastening screws. By shielding the parting line or the Kreuzteilfuge the pressure on the joint can be reduced and thus in particular the axial forces are reduced to the fastening screws of the flange connection between the boundary parts.
Erfindungsgemäß ist an den dem ersten Druckraum zugewandten Seiten der Begrenzungsteile ein Abschirmelement vorgesehen, das abdichtend gegenüber dem wenigstens einen ersten Begrenzungsteil und dem wenigstens einen zweiten Begrenzungsteil angeordnet ist und dabei die Trennfuge vollständig abdeckt. Durch die Abdeckung der Trennfuge durch das Abschirmelement wird zwischen den Begrenzungsteilen und dem Abschirmelement im Bereich der Trennfuge ein Hohlraum gebildet. In diesen Hohlraum wird eine Leitung geführt, die den Hohlraum mit einem zweiten, externen Druckraum verbindet. Bilden die Begrenzungsteile einen Strömungskanal einer Dampfturbine, so wird der Bereich der Trennfuge beziehungsweise der Kreuzteilfuge dampfseitig durch das Abschirmelement geschützt, so dass in diesem abgeschirmten Bereich niedrigere Umgebungsparameter, d.h. ein niedrigerer Druck und eine moderat niedrigere Temperatur, eingestellt werden können. Durch die Verbindung des Hohlraums mit dem zweiten Druckraum kann der Druck in dem Hohlraum dem Druck in dem zweiten Druckraum angepasst werden.According to the invention, a shielding element is provided on the sides of the delimiting parts facing the first pressure chamber, which is sealingly arranged relative to the at least one first delimiting part and the at least one second delimiting part, thereby completely covering the parting line. By covering the parting line by the shielding a cavity is formed between the boundary parts and the shielding in the region of the parting line. In this cavity, a conduit is guided, which connects the cavity with a second, external pressure chamber. If the boundary parts form a flow channel of a steam turbine, then the area of the parting line or the cross-part joint is protected on the steam side by the shielding element, so that lower environmental parameters, ie a lower pressure and a moderately lower temperature, can be set in this shielded area. By connecting the cavity to the second pressure chamber, the pressure in the cavity can be adjusted to the pressure in the second pressure chamber.
Die Abschirmwirkung wird dadurch erreicht, dass ein innerhalb des durch die Begrenzungsteile gebildeten ersten Druckraumes befindliches Abschirmelement die Trennfuge bzw. die Kreuzteilfuge vollständig überdeckt und auf allen Seiten der Fuge abdichtet, also dichtend gegenüber wenigstens einen ersten und am wenigstens einen zweiten Begrenzungsteil angeordnet ist. Die Druckabsenkung erfolgt durch die Leitung, welche den Hohlraum zwischen dem Abschirmelement, den Begrenzungsteilen und der Fuge mit einem weiter stromab in der Expansion liegenden zweiten Druckraum verbindet. Der zweite Druckraum oder die Leitung zu dem zweiten Druckraum kann beispielsweise an der Innenseite des wenigstens einen ersten und/oder des wenigstens einen zweiten Begrenzungsteils oder an einem Leitschaufelträger der Vorrichtung, insbesondere der Dampfturbine, befestigt sein.The shielding effect is achieved in that a shielding element located inside the first pressure space formed by the delimiting parts completely covers the parting line or the cross-parting joint and seals on all sides of the joint, ie is arranged sealingly opposite at least one first and at least one second delimiting part. The pressure reduction takes place through the line which connects the cavity between the shielding, the boundary parts and the joint with a second pressure chamber located further downstream in the expansion. The second pressure chamber or the line to the second pressure chamber may, for example, be fixed to the inside of the at least one first and / or the at least one second boundary part or to a guide blade carrier of the device, in particular the steam turbine.
Durch eine derartige Vorrichtung beziehungsweise eine derartige Dampfturbine kann der Einsatzbereich einer Trennfugenverbindung, insbesondere einer Kreuzteilfugenverbindung, zwischen den Begrenzungsteilen einem größeren Einsatzbereich zugänglich gemacht werden.Such a device or such a steam turbine makes it possible to make the area of use of a joint joint, in particular a cross-part joint connection, accessible between the delimiting parts to a larger area of use.
Bei einer derartigen Vorrichtung beziehungsweise einer derartigen Dampfturbine kann eine Absenkung des Drucks in dem Hohlraum um circa 15 bis 20 bar gegenüber dem Druck in dem durch die Begrenzungsteile gebildeten ersten Druckraum der Dampfturbine erreicht werden. Ferner ist eine Reduzierung der wirksamen Innendruck-bedingten Axialkräfte an den Befestigungsschrauben um etwa 1/3 gegenüber üblichen Dampfturbinen möglich. Die Druckabsenkung geht einher mit einer moderaten Temperaturabsenkung durch Drosselung. Diese Drosselung kommt zustande durch die Druckabsenkung etwaiger Leckagemassenströme vom Innenraum in den Hohlraum ohne Verrichtung technischer Arbeit.In such a device or such a steam turbine, a reduction of the pressure in the cavity by about 15 to 20 bar compared to the pressure in the first pressure chamber of the steam turbine formed by the boundary parts can be achieved. Furthermore, a reduction of the effective internal pressure-related axial forces on the fastening screws by about 1/3 compared to conventional steam turbines is possible. The pressure reduction is accompanied by a moderate temperature reduction by throttling. This throttling comes about by the pressure reduction of any leakage mass flows from the interior into the cavity without performing technical work.
Das Abschirmelement kann verschiedenartig ausgebildet sein. So kann dieses beispielsweise ein eckiges oder ein gebogenes Profil aufweisen.The shielding element can be designed in various ways. For example, this may have an angular or a curved profile.
Die Trennfuge kann beispielsweise neben einer Kreuzteilfuge auch als eine Stoßteilfuge ausgebildet sein. Hierbei stoßen drei Begrenzungsteile aneinander.The parting line may for example be formed next to a cross-parting joint as a Stoßteilfuge. Here, three boundary parts abut each other.
Das wenigstens eine erste und das wenigstens eine zweite Begrenzungsteil stellen vorzugsweise rotationssymmetrische bzw. im Wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildete Elemente dar. Im Wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisch bedeutet, dass die Elemente zylindrische, kegelige oder gekrümmte Teilbereiche aufweisen können. Im Wesentlichen rotationssymmetrische Elemente können an bestimmten Stellen nicht rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildete Ergänzungen oder Abschnitte, wie beispielsweise Einströmungen, Verstärkungen oder Flansche, aufweisen. Diese rotationssymmetrischen bzw. im Wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildeten Elemente bilden den Strömungskanal der Vorrichtung beziehungsweise der Dampfturbine. Es können auch mehr als zwei Begrenzungsteile vorgesehen sein, wobei die Trennfugen bzw. die Kreuzteilfugen zwischen den jeweiligen Begrenzungsteilen entsprechend der Erfindung abgeschirmt sind. Das Abschirmelement weist bevorzugt ebenfalls ein rotationssymmetrisches bzw. im Wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisches Profil auf.The at least one first and the at least one second boundary part preferably represent rotationally symmetrical or essentially rotationally symmetrical elements. Essentially rotationally symmetrical means that the elements can have cylindrical, conical or curved subregions. Substantially rotationally symmetric elements may at certain points not rotationally symmetrical additions or sections, such as inflows, reinforcements or flanges exhibit. These rotationally symmetric or substantially rotationally symmetrical elements form the flow channel of the device or the steam turbine. It can also be provided more than two limiting parts, wherein the joints or the cross-sectional joints between the respective boundary parts are shielded according to the invention. The shielding element preferably also has a rotationally symmetrical or substantially rotationally symmetrical profile.
Bevorzugt ist eine Vorrichtung, bei der die Leitung zu dem Hohlraum durch eines der Begrenzungsteile oder durch das Abschirmelement geführt ist. Die Leitung ist bevorzugt als Rohrleitung ausgebildet und verbindet den Hohlraum vorteilhafterweise mit einem in Strömungsrichtung stromab, d.h. stromab in der Expansion, liegenden zweiten Druckraum. Dabei kann die Leitung, insbesondere die Rohrleitung, teilweise oder ganz innerhalb und/oder außerhalb der Begrenzungsteile, das heißt des ersten Druckraumes, geführt werden.A device is preferred in which the line is led to the cavity through one of the limiting parts or through the shielding element. The conduit is preferably formed as a conduit and advantageously connects the cavity to a downstream flow direction, i. downstream in the expansion, lying second pressure chamber. In this case, the line, in particular the pipeline, partially or completely within and / or outside the boundary parts, that is, the first pressure chamber, are performed.
Ferner ist eine Vorrichtung bzw. eine Dampfturbine bevorzugt, bei der das Abschirmelement und die Abdichtung des Abschirmelementes wärmebeweglich ausgebildet sind. Hierdurch können unterschiedliche Verformungen der Begrenzungsteile beziehungsweise der Abschirmung aufgrund der teilweise vorherrschenden hohen Temperaturen und der hohen Drücke ausgeglichen werden.Furthermore, a device or a steam turbine is preferred in which the shielding element and the sealing of the shielding element are designed to be heat-movable. This allows different deformations of the limiting parts or the shield due to the partially prevailing high temperatures and the high pressures are compensated.
Besonders bevorzugt ist eine Vorrichtung bzw. eine Dampfturbine, bei der das Abschirmelement an zumindest zwei umlaufenden Aufnahmen an den Begrenzungsteilen befestigt, insbesondere aufgehängt, ist oder dass das Abschirmelement durch wenigstens zwei wärmebewegliche Dichtungen an den Begrenzungsteilen abdichtend sitzt oder dass das Abschirmelement an wenigstens einer umlaufenden Aufnahme an zumindest einem der Begrenzungsteile befestigt, insbesondere aufgehängt, ist und durch wenigstens eine wärmebewegliche Dichtung an dem zumindest einem anderen Begrenzungsteil abdichtend sitzt. So kann vorgesehen sein, dass an der Innenseite der ersten Begrenzungsteile eine umlaufende Aufnahme vorgesehen ist, an der ein erster axialer Bereich, insbesondere ein erstes freies Ende, des Abschirmelementes abdichtend befestigt ist, und dass eine wärmebewegliche Dichtung zwischen der Innenseite der zweiten Begrenzungsteile und eines zweiten axialen Bereiches, insbesondere des zweiten freien Endes, des Abschirmelementes vorgesehen ist. Die Befestigung des ersten axialen Bereiches bzw. des ersten freien Endes des Abschirmelementes an der umlaufenden Aufnahme kann beispielsweise mittels Schraubverbindungen oder durch Einfügen in eine umlaufende Nut erfolgen. Dabei erfolgt die Fixierung des Abschirmelementes vorteilhafterweise axial sowie radial zu der Längsachse des Strömungskanals an der umlaufenden Aufnahme. Zur besseren Abdichtung kann bei dieser Befestigung ein Dichtelement vorgesehen sein. Sitzt das Abschirmelement durch wenigstens zwei wärmebewegliche Dichtungen abdichtend gegenüber den Begrenzungsteilen wird das Abschirmelement vorzugsweise durch eine axiale Fixierung axial fixiert. Diese Fixierung kann an einen Begrenzungsteil oder einer umlaufenden Nut erfolgen. Insbesondere Schraubverbindungen sind besonders geeignet.Particularly preferred is a device or a steam turbine, wherein the shielding attached to at least two circumferential receptacles on the boundary parts, in particular suspended, or that the shielding sealingly seated by at least two heat-resistant seals on the boundary parts or that the shielding at least one circumferential Receiving attached to at least one of the boundary parts, in particular suspended, and is sealingly seated by at least one heat-movable seal on the at least one other boundary part. It can thus be provided that on the inside of the first boundary parts a circumferential receptacle is provided, to which a first axial region, in particular a first free end of the shielding is sealingly secured, and that a heat-movable seal between the inside of the second boundary parts and a second axial region, in particular of the second free end, of the shielding element is provided. The attachment of the first axial region or of the first free end of the shielding element to the peripheral receptacle can be effected for example by means of screw connections or by insertion into a circumferential groove. In this case, the fixing of the shielding advantageously takes place axially and radially to the longitudinal axis of the flow channel at the peripheral receptacle. For better sealing, a sealing element may be provided in this attachment. If the shielding element is seated in a sealing manner with respect to the delimiting parts by means of at least two heat-resistant seals, the shielding element is preferably axially fixed by an axial fixation. This fixation can be done on a boundary part or a circumferential groove. In particular screw connections are particularly suitable.
Bevorzugt ist ferner eine Vorrichtung, bei der wenigstens eine umlaufende Aufnahme durch ein Statorteil gebildet ist. Das Statorteil ist an wenigstens einem Begrenzungsteil abdichtend fixiert. Ferner kann die umlaufende Aufnahme durch einen nach Innen und/oder axial vorstehenden umlaufenden Steg gebildet sein. Die Form bzw. die Ausgestaltung der wenigstens einen umlaufenden Aufnahme kann verschiedenartig sein.Also preferred is a device in which at least one circumferential receptacle is formed by a stator part. The Stator part is sealingly fixed to at least one boundary part. Furthermore, the circumferential receptacle can be formed by an inwardly and / or axially projecting circumferential web. The shape or the configuration of the at least one circumferential receptacle can be varied.
Des Weiteren ist bevorzugt, wenn die wenigstens eine wärmebewegliche Dichtung an der wenigstens einen umlaufenden Aufnahme, insbesondere an dem Statorteil oder dem umlaufenden Steg, abdichtend sitzt.Furthermore, it is preferred if the at least one heat-movable seal is sealingly seated on the at least one peripheral receptacle, in particular on the stator part or the surrounding web.
Die wärmebewegliche Abdichtung kann durch einen druck- und/oder federkraftbelastbaren Kolbenring, durch eine Labyrinth- bzw. Durchblickdichtung oder durch wenigstens ein Dichtblech gebildet sein. Insbesondere Kolbenringdichtungen und Labyrinthdichtungen sind bei extremen Betriebsbedingungen, das heißt bei hohen Drücken und Temperaturen, sehr gut einsetzbar. Labyrinth- bzw. Durchblickdichtungen können kleine Spiele aufweisen. Es ist auch denkbar, dass zur wärmebeweglichen Abdichtung eines axialen Bereiches, insbesondere eines freien Endes, des Abschirmelementes mehrere Dichtungen oder Dichtbleche vorgesehen werden.The heat-permeable sealing can be formed by a pressure and / or spring force-loadable piston ring, by a labyrinth or transparent seal or by at least one sealing plate. In particular, piston ring seals and labyrinth seals are very suitable for use under extreme operating conditions, ie at high pressures and temperatures. Labyrinth or see-through seals can have small games. It is also conceivable that a plurality of seals or sealing plates are provided for the heat-permeable sealing of an axial region, in particular a free end, of the shielding element.
Bei einer anderen bevorzugten Vorrichtung weist wenigstens eines der Begrenzungsteile der Vorrichtung eine Nut zur Aufnahme der wärmebeweglichen Abdichtung auf. Dies schafft eine besonders gute Befestigung und Abdichtung des Abschirmelementes an den entsprechenden Begrenzungsteilen. Als besonders abdichtend hat sich erwiesen, eine Kolbenringdichtung in die Nut einzuführen. Die Dichtung kann dabei in die Nut eingestellt werden.In another preferred device, at least one of the boundary parts of the device has a groove for receiving the heat-movable seal. This creates a particularly good attachment and sealing of the shielding to the corresponding boundary parts. As a particularly sealing has proven to introduce a piston ring seal in the groove. The seal can be adjusted in the groove.
Des Weiteren ist eine Vorrichtung bzw. eine Dampfturbine bevorzugt, bei der die wärmebewegliche Dichtung eine geteilte Dichtung ist. Ein Teil der geteilten Dichtung ist nach dem Anheben des ersten Begrenzungsteils in der Nähe der Trennfuge, insbesondere der Kreuzteilfuge, trennbar, so dass danach der restliche Teil der Abschirmung demontiert werden kann. So kann als geteilte Dichtung eine Kolbenringdichtung in zwei Teilen und mit zwei Stößen vorgesehen sein. Eine derartige geteilte Dichtung kann unmittelbar an dem Abschirmelement und/oder an einem der Begrenzungsteile und/oder an wenigstens einer umlaufenden Aufnahme angeordnet sein. Ein Stoß bildet eine Trennstelle am Umfang des Kolbenringes. Die Stöße weisen Abdichtungen und optional Verhakungen auf.Furthermore, a device or a steam turbine is preferred in which the heat-movable seal is a split seal. A part of the split seal is after lifting the first boundary part in the vicinity of the parting line, in particular the Kreuzteilfuge, separable, so that thereafter the remaining part of the shield can be dismantled. So can be provided as a split seal a piston ring seal in two parts and with two joints. Such a split seal can be arranged directly on the shielding element and / or on one of the delimiting parts and / or on at least one peripheral receptacle. A shock forms a separation point on the circumference of the piston ring. The joints have seals and optional entanglements.
Aufgrund der möglichen Ausdehnung einzelner Bauteile durch den Wärmeeinfluss ist die Leitung vorzugsweise flexibel ausgebildet und/oder wenigstens an der Durchführung zu dem Hohlraum verschiebbar gelagert. Hierdurch kann vermieden werden, dass die Leitung reißt, wenn es zu einer Wärmeausdehnung einzelner Bauteile kommt. Trotz der Verschiebbarkeit beziehungsweise Flexibilität der Leitung ist diese in der Durchführung zum Hohlraum abgedichtet angeordnet. Wenn die Leitung als Rohrleitung ausgebildet ist, ist diese bevorzugt verschiebbar gelagert, da die Rohrleitung weniger flexibel ausgebildet ist, als eine von vornherein flexible Leitung.Due to the possible expansion of individual components by the influence of heat, the line is preferably designed to be flexible and / or at least slidably mounted on the passage to the cavity. This can be avoided that the line breaks when it comes to thermal expansion of individual components. Despite the displaceability or flexibility of the line this is arranged sealed in the implementation of the cavity. If the line is designed as a pipe, this is preferably mounted displaceably, since the pipe is designed to be less flexible than a flexible line from the outset.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung, insbesondere der Dampfturbine, ist vorgesehen, dass das Abschirmelement zumindest zweigeteilt ist, wobei die zumindest zwei Teile des Abschirmelementes abdichtend aneinander befestigbar sind. Insbesondere vorteilhaft ist es, wenn das Abschirmelement axial geteilt ist. So kann vorgesehen sein, dass das Segment des Abschirmungselementes, an dem die wärmebewegliche Dichtung angeordnet ist, an dem zweiten Begrenzungsteil befestigt ist, und dass das zweite Segment an dem ersten Begrenzungsteil angeordnet ist. Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel kann das Segment mit der wärmebeweglichen Dichtung nach der Demontage des ersten Begrenzungsteils und des zweiten Segmentes des Abschirmelementes gemeinsam mit einem Rotor der Dampfturbine ausgehoben und anschließend demontiert werden. Bei einer derartigen Ausführungsform des Abschirmelementes ist eine Kolbenringdichtung besonders bewährt. Die jeweiligen Segmente des Abschirmelementes können mittels Schraubverbindungen und wärmebeweglichen Dichtungen aneinander abdichtend fixiert werden.In a further preferred embodiment of the device, in particular the steam turbine, it is provided that the shielding element is at least divided into two, wherein the at least two parts of the shielding element are sealingly fastened to one another. It is particularly advantageous if the shielding element is divided axially. Thus, it can be provided that the segment of the shielding element, on which the heat-movable seal is arranged, is fastened to the second boundary part, and that the second segment is arranged on the first boundary part. In this embodiment, the segment with the heat-movable seal after disassembly of the first boundary part and the second segment of the shielding can be excavated together with a rotor of the steam turbine and then disassembled. In such an embodiment of the shielding a piston ring seal is particularly proven. The respective segments of the shielding element can by means of Screw and heat-resistant seals are sealingly fixed together.
Vorzugsweise weist das Abschirmelement der Vorrichtung wenigstens eine Anwärmbohrung auf. Durch eine Anwärmbohrung ist ein gezielter Massenstrom des in dem Strömungskanal strömenden Heißdampfes in den Hohlraum abführbar. Alternativ oder zusätzlich hierzu können wärmebewegliche Dichtungen eingesetzt werden, die bestimmte Lässigkeiten aufweisen. Derartige Lässigkeiten aufweisende Dichtungen lassen moderate Leckagemengen durch die Dichtungen hindurch. Des Weiteren kann eine mittels eines Verriegelungselementes verriegelbare Anwärmleitung zu dem Hohlraum geführt sein. Diese Maßnahmen dienen zur Erreichung eines verbesserten instationären Verhaltens der abgeschirmten Trennfuge bzw. Kreuzteilfuge. Sie ermöglichen eine vorübergehende Erhöhung des Wärmeübergangskoeffizienten der abgeschirmten Bauteile, und zwar mit Hilfe einer temporären Druckerhöhung zwischen der Abschirmung, d.h. dem Abschirmelement, und der Trennfuge bzw. der senkrechten Teilfuge der Kreuzteilfuge. Dies erfolgt beispielsweise durch eine gezielte Zuführung einer bestimmten Menge des ursprünglich abgeschirmten Heißdampfes. Der abgeschirmte Heißdampf kann zeitweise über die verriegelbare Anwärmleitung dem Hohlraum zugeführt werden. Die Anwärmleitung weist zumindest ein Verriegelungselement auf. Dieses Verriegelungselement kann beispielsweise ein Schieber, ein Regler, ein Hahn oder ein Ventil sein. Aber auch andere Arten von Verriegelungselementen sind denkbar. Weisen das Abschirmelement Anwärmbohrungen oder die Dichtungen bestimmte Lässigkeiten auf, so kann kontinuierlich eine bestimmte Menge an Heißdampf dem Hohlraum zugeführt werden. Damit der zugeführte Heißdampf in dem Hohlraum gehalten werden kann, weist die Leitung zu dem Druckraum ebenfalls ein Verriegelungselement auf, welches bei Bedarf geschlossen werden kann, um kurzfristig die Temperatur und den Druck im Hohlraum zu erhöhen. Das Verriegelungselement der Leitung kann ebenfalls als ein Schieber, ein Regler, ein Hahn, ein Ventil, etc. ausgebildet sein.The shielding element of the device preferably has at least one heating bore. Through a Anwärmbohrung a targeted mass flow of the hot steam flowing in the flow channel can be discharged into the cavity. Alternatively or additionally, heat-resistant seals may be used which have certain permeability. Such leaks having seals allow moderate leakage through the seals. Furthermore, a heating line which can be locked by means of a locking element can be led to the cavity. These measures serve to achieve an improved transient behavior of the shielded parting line or cross-sectional joint. They allow a temporary increase in the heat transfer coefficient of the shielded components, with the help of a temporary pressure increase between the shield, ie the shielding element, and the parting line or the vertical parting line of the cross-sectional joint. This is done for example by a targeted supply of a certain amount of the originally shielded superheated steam. The shielded hot steam can be temporarily supplied to the cavity via the lockable Anwärmleitung. The warming up line has at least one locking element. This locking element may for example be a slide, a regulator, a tap or a valve. But other types of locking elements are conceivable. If the shielding element heating holes or the seals have certain permeabilities, then a certain amount of superheated steam can be continuously supplied to the cavity. In order for the supplied hot steam can be held in the cavity, the line to the pressure chamber also has a locking element which can be closed if necessary, to increase the temperature and pressure in the cavity in the short term. The locking element of the conduit can also be designed as a slide, a regulator, a cock, a valve, etc.
Insbesondere durch das Verriegelungselement in der Leitung zu dem zweiten Druckraum können die Betriebsbedingungen innerhalb des Hohlraums einfach geregelt werden. Das Verriegelungselement in der Leitung ermöglicht ein temporäres Aufstauen des Druckes und auch der Temperatur in dem Hohlraum und der Leitungsverbindung zum dem, in der Regel stromab liegenden, zweiten Druckraum. Nach dem Erreichen eines gewünschten Temperaturniveaus in dem Hohlraum und/oder in den Flanschabschnitten der Trennfuge, insbesondere der Kreuzteilfuge, bzw. in den für den instationären Betrieb maßgeblichen Abschnitten der Begrenzungsteile wird die Leitung zum zweiten Druckraum wieder voll geöffnet, so dass sich für den stationären Betrieb wieder ein abgesenkter Druck in dem Hohlraum und damit an der Teilfuge einstellt. Durch die Öffnung der Leitung ist auch das Temperaturniveau in dem Hohlraum beziehungsweise in der Leitung wieder regelbar.In particular, by the locking element in the conduit to the second pressure chamber, the operating conditions within the cavity can be easily controlled. The locking element in the line allows a temporary damming of the pressure and also the temperature in the cavity and the line connection to the, usually downstream, second pressure chamber. After reaching a desired temperature level in the cavity and / or in the flange portions of the parting line, in particular the Kreuzteilfuge, or in the relevant for the unsteady operation sections of the delimiting the line to the second pressure chamber is fully opened again, so that for the stationary Operation again a lowered pressure in the cavity and thus adjusts the parting line. Through the opening of the line and the temperature level in the cavity or in the line is again adjustable.
Ferner ist eine Vorrichtung bevorzugt, bei der wenigstens eine mittels eines Verriegelungselementes verriegelbare Kühldampfleitung zu dem Hohlraum geführt ist, über die Kühldampf in den Hohlraum zuführbar ist. Das heißt zusätzlich zu den zuvor genannten Verbesserungen hinsichtlich des Druckes an der Trennfuge beziehungsweise der Kreuzteilfuge und der auftretenden Axialkraft sowie der möglichen moderaten Temperatursenkung durch Drosselung kann, falls erforderlich, eine weitere stationäre Temperaturabsenkung an der Trennfuge beziehungsweise der senkrechten Teilfuge der Kreuzteilfuge erreicht werden. Dies ist beispielsweise dann erforderlich, wenn zulässige Einsatztemperaturen von Begrenzungsteilen, des Abschirmelementes oder von Schraubenwerkstoffen eingehalten oder mit einer Absenkung der Bauteiltemperaturen eine Erhöhung der Festigkeitskennwerte erreicht werden müssen. Hierzu wird vorteilhafterweise Kühldampf von einer ersten, in bezug auf die Trennfuge stromab liegenden, Stelle durch die Kühldampfleitung in den Hohlraum zwischen dem Abschirmelement und der Teilfuge geleitet und durch die Leitung zu einer zweiten, weiter stromab liegenden Stelle zurückgeleitet. Der Druck in dem Hohlraum kann durch die spezielle Leitungsgestaltung, insbesondere Rohrleitungsgestaltung, und ein etwaiges Anstauen in der Leitung, auch als Abführleitung bezeichnet, eingestellt werden, und zwar in den Grenzen der Druckniveaus der ersten und der zweiten Stelle. Diese Lösung ist regelungstechnisch anspruchsvoll und verlangt eine massivere Ausführung der Abschirmung, d.h. des Abschirmelementes. Der zusätzliche Nutzen der beschriebenen Maßnahmen zur Temperaturabsenkung kann dann fallweise geprüft werden. Die Anwärmleitung, die Kühldampfleitung und die Abführleitung weisen entsprechende Verriegelungselemente auf, durch die eine Regelung des Druckniveaus ermöglicht wird. Die Verriegelungselemente können beispielsweise ein Schieber, ein Regler, ein Hahn oder ein Ventil sein. Aber auch andere Verriegelungselemente sind denkbar. Weiterhin können anstelle oder zusätzlich zu den Verriegelungselementen Strömungswiderstände, wie beispielsweise Blenden, Drosseln, etc., für die Regelung des Druckniveaus innerhalb der Leitungen, d.h. der Leitung, der Anwärmleitung und/oder der Kühldampfleitung, eingesetzt werden.Furthermore, a device is preferred in which at least one cooling steam line, which can be locked by means of a locking element, is guided to the hollow space via which cooling steam can be fed into the hollow space. That is, in addition to the above-mentioned improvements in terms of the pressure at the parting line or the cross-sectional joint and the axial force and the possible moderate temperature reduction by throttling can, if necessary, a further stationary temperature reduction at the parting line or the vertical parting of the cross-sectional joint can be achieved. This is necessary, for example, if admissible operating temperatures of limiting parts, of the shielding element or of screw materials are complied with or if a lowering of the component temperatures requires an increase in the strength characteristics. For this purpose, cooling steam is advantageously passed from a first, downstream with respect to the parting line, passage through the cooling steam line in the cavity between the shield and the parting line and returned through the line to a second, further downstream point. The pressure in the cavity may be due to the special piping design, in particular Pipe design, and any damming in the line, also referred to as discharge line, are set, in the limits of the pressure levels of the first and the second digit. This solution is technically sophisticated and requires a more massive design of the shield, ie the shielding. The additional benefit of the described measures for lowering the temperature can then be checked case by case. The Anwärmleitung, the cooling steam line and the discharge line have corresponding locking elements, by which a regulation of the pressure level is made possible. The locking elements may be, for example, a slide, a regulator, a tap or a valve. But other locking elements are conceivable. Furthermore, instead of or in addition to the locking elements, flow resistances, such as orifices, throttles, etc., can be used for the regulation of the pressure level within the lines, ie the line, the heating line and / or the cooling steam line.
Zusätzlich zu den zuvor beschriebenen Maßnahmen, kann an den dem ersten Druckraum abgewandten Seiten der Begrenzungsteile über der Trennfuge, insbesondere der Kreuzteilfuge, eine Absaugeinrichtung angeordnet sein, über die Leckagemengen abgesaugt werden können. Desweiteren kann zusätzlich vorgesehen sein, dass eine Dichtnaht an der dem ersten Druckraum zugewandten Seite der Trennfuge, insbesondere der senkrechten Kreuzteilfuge, geschweißt ist. Hierbei ist auf die sichere und ausreichend wärmebewegliche Gestaltung der Schweißnaht zu achten, so dass eine Beschädigung auch bei instationären Vorgängen vermieden wird.In addition to the measures described above, can be arranged on the opposite sides of the first pressure chamber sides of the boundary parts on the parting line, in particular the Kreuzteilfuge, a suction device can be sucked through the leakage quantities. Furthermore, it can additionally be provided that a sealing seam is welded to the side of the parting line facing the first pressure chamber, in particular the vertical cross-part joint. It is important to ensure the safe and sufficiently heat-mobile design of the weld, so that damage is avoided even in transient processes.
Gemäß dem zweiten Aspekt der Erfindung wird die Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren zur Absenkung des auf eine Trennfuge, die durch das Aneinanderfügen wenigstens eines ersten Begrenzungsteils und wenigstens eines zweiten Begrenzungsteils einer Vorrichtung, insbesondere einer Dampfturbine, gebildet wird, wirkenden Druckes und zur Reduzierung der auf die Trennfuge wirkenden Befestigungskräfte, wobei die Begrenzungsteile wenigstens einen Teil eines ersten Druckraumes umschließen, wobei an den dem Strömungskanalinneren zugewandten Seiten der Begrenzungsteile ein Abschirmelement vorgesehen wird, das abdichtend gegenüber dem wenigstens einen ersten Begrenzungsteil und dem wenigstens einen zweiten Begrenzungsteil angeordnet wird und dabei die Trennfuge vollständig abdeckt, so dass zwischen den Begrenzungsteilen und dem Abschirmelement ein Hohlraum gebildet wird, und wobei aus einem zweiten Druckraum eine Leitung in den Hohlraum geführt wird, über die der Druck in dem Hohlraum auf ein niedrigeres Niveau gesenkt wird, gelöst.According to the second aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by a method for lowering the pressure acting on a parting line, which is formed by joining together at least one first delimiting part and at least one second delimiting part of a device, in particular a steam turbine, and for reducing the pressure acting on the part Dividing joint acting fastening forces, wherein the boundary parts at least enclosing a part of a first pressure chamber, a shielding element being provided sealingly opposite the at least one first boundary part and the at least one second boundary part at the sides of the boundary parts facing the flow channel interior, thereby completely covering the parting line, so that between the boundary parts and the shielding a cavity is formed, and wherein from a second pressure chamber, a conduit is guided into the cavity, via which the pressure in the cavity is lowered to a lower level, dissolved.
Durch die dichte Abdeckung der Trennfuge an der Innenseite der Begrenzungsteile durch ein Abschirmelement entsteht ein Hohlraum. Zu dem Hohlraum wird eine Leitung geführt, die mit einem außerhalb des Hohlraums liegenden zweiten Druckraum verbunden ist. Durch die Verbindung des Hohlraums mit dem zweiten Druckraum können in dem Hohlraum andere Betriebsbedingungen, insbesondere andere Temperaturen und Drücke, als im ersten Druckraum eingestellt werden. Insbesondere durch die Druckabsenkung wird die Belastung auf die Trennfuge, insbesondere auf die Kreuzteilfuge, reduziert. Dabei hat sich erwiesen, dass eine Reduzierung des Drucks um 15 bis 20 bar möglich ist. Durch dieses Verfahren der Druckabsenkung wird der Einsatzbereich der Trennfuge, insbesondere der Kreuzteilfuge, bei Dampfturbinen und sonstigen Vorrichtungen deutlich erhöht. D.h., der Einsatzbereich einer Trennfugenverbindung, insbesondere einer Kreuzteilfugenverbindung, wird erweitert. Die Druckabsenkung im Bereich der Trennfuge bzw. Kreuzteilfuge wird durch eine zuverlässige wärmebewegliche Abschirmung ermöglicht. Durch eine entsprechend geeignete Gestaltung des Abschirmelementes wird ein Schubausgleich zur Reduzierung der Flanschkräfte, d.h., der auf die Befestigungsschrauben der zwei Begrenzungsteile wirkenden Kräfte, erreicht. Durch die Druckabsenkung im Bereich der Trennfuge bzw. Kreuzteilfuge ist eine Reduzierung der wirksamen Innendruck-bedingten Axialkräfte um etwa 1/3 gegenüber den bekannten Vorrichtungen, bei den denen keine Druckabsenkung stattfindet, möglich. Durch die Abschirmung der Trennfuge bzw. der Kreuzteilfuge kann eine deutliche Steigerung des Einsatzbereiches derartiger Fugen erreicht werden.The tight cover of the parting line on the inside of the boundary parts by a shielding creates a cavity. To the cavity, a conduit is guided, which is connected to a lying outside the cavity second pressure chamber. By connecting the cavity to the second pressure chamber, other operating conditions, in particular other temperatures and pressures, can be set in the cavity than in the first pressure chamber. In particular, by the pressure reduction, the burden on the parting line, in particular on the cross-part joint, reduced. It has been proven that a reduction of the pressure by 15 to 20 bar is possible. By this method of pressure reduction, the application of the parting line, in particular the cross-sectional joint, is significantly increased in steam turbines and other devices. That is, the application of a joint connection, in particular a cross-part joint connection is extended. The pressure reduction in the region of the parting line or cross-parting joint is made possible by a reliable heat-resistant shielding. By a suitably suitable design of the shielding a thrust balance for reducing the flange forces, ie, the forces acting on the fastening screws of the two boundary parts forces achieved. Due to the pressure reduction in the region of the parting line or cross-part joint, a reduction of the effective internal pressure-related axial forces by about 1/3 compared to the known devices in which no pressure reduction takes place, possible. By shielding the parting line or the cross-parting joint can be achieved a significant increase in the application of such joints.
Insbesondere bevorzugt ist ein Verfahren, bei dem der auf die Trennfuge wirkende Druck und die an der Trennfuge wirkenden Befestigungskräfte durch eine Vorrichtung, insbesondere eine Dampfturbine, gemäß des ersten Aspektes der Erfindung abgesenkt bzw. reduziert werden.Particularly preferred is a method in which the pressure acting on the parting line and the fastening forces acting on the parting line are lowered or reduced by a device, in particular a steam turbine, according to the first aspect of the invention.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die beiliegenden Zeichnungen näher erläutert.The invention will now be explained in more detail by means of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Es zeigen:
Figur 1- einen Schnitt durch eine schematisch dargestellte erste Verbindungsmöglichkeit zweier Begrenzungselemente einer Dampfturbine;
Figur 2- einen Schnitt durch eine schematisch dargestellte zweite Verbindungsmöglichkeit zweier Begrenzungselemente einer Dampfturbine;
Figur 3- einen Schnitt durch eine schematisch dargestellte dritte Verbindungsmöglichkeit zweier Begrenzungselemente einer Dampfturbine;
Figur 4- einen Schnitt durch eine schematisch dargestellte vierte Verbindungsmöglichkeit zweier Begrenzungselemente einer Dampfturbine;
Figur 5- einen Schnitt durch eine schematisch dargestellte fünfte Verbindungsmöglichkeit zweier Begrenzungselemente einer Dampfturbine.
- FIG. 1
- a section through a schematically illustrated first connection possibility of two boundary elements of a steam turbine;
- FIG. 2
- a section through a schematically illustrated second connection possibility of two boundary elements of a steam turbine;
- FIG. 3
- a section through a schematically illustrated third connection possibility of two boundary elements of a steam turbine;
- FIG. 4
- a section through a schematically illustrated fourth connection possibility of two boundary elements of a steam turbine;
- FIG. 5
- a section through a schematically illustrated fifth connection possibility of two boundary elements of a steam turbine.
Die
Sind zwei Begrenzungsteile 1, 2 vorgesehen, sind diese an einer Trennfuge 3 miteinander verbunden. Drei Begrenzungsteile bilden eine Stoßteilfuge und vier Begrenzungsteile bilden eine Kreuzteilfuge.If two
Die in der
Die Leitung 7 ist in der Durchführung zu dem Hohlraum 6 in dem wenigstens einen ersten Begrenzungsteil 1 durch Dichtelemente abdichtend befestigt. Das Abschirmelement 5 ist in dieser Ausführungsvariante in zwei Segmente 5a, 5b geteilt. Dabei ist das Abschirmelement 5 axial geteilt. An dem ersten Abschirmelementsegment 5a ist die wärmebewegliche Dichtung 10, hier in Form einer geteilten Dichtung 11, angeordnet. Das zweite Abschirmelementsegment 5b ist an der umlaufenden Aufnahme 9 an der Innenseite des wenigstens einen ersten Begrenzungsteils 1 fixiert. Die geteilte Dichtung 11 ermöglicht, dass das erste Abschirmelementsegment 5a mit der geteilten Dichtung 11, nach der Demontage des ersten Begrenzungsteils 1 und des zweiten Abschirmelementsegmentes 5b, gemeinsam mit dem in dem Strömungskanalinneren 4 vorgesehenen Rotor der Dampfturbine ausgehoben und entsprechend demontiert werden kann. Besonders geeignet als geteilte Dichtung 11 ist eine Kolbenringdichtung. Um einer möglichen Wärmeausdehnung eines Bauteils, insbesondere des ersten Begrenzungsteils 1, vorzubeugen, ist die Leitung vorzugsweise verschiebbar in den Durchführungen gelagert oder an zumindest einer Stelle flexibel ausgebildet. Die Abschirmelementsegmente 5a, 5b weisen jeweils einen Flansch 8a, 8b auf, durch die die zumindest zweigeteilten Abschirmelementsegmente 5a, 5b miteinander und ggf. an wenigstens einem der Begrenzungsteile 1, 2 und/oder an wenigstens einer umlaufenden Nut 9, beispielsweise einem Statorteil, axial fixiert werden können.The
Falls eine weitere stationäre Temperaturabsenkung und Druckabsenkung an der Teilfuge 3 beziehungsweise der Kreuzteilfuge erreicht werden soll, beispielsweise um zulässige Einsatztemperaturen der Begrenzungsteile 1, 2 oder von Befestigungsschrauben 14 einzuhalten oder mit einer Absenkung der Bauteiltemperaturen eine Erhöhung der Festigkeitskennwerte zu erreichen, kann Kühldampf von einer ersten stromab liegenden Stelle durch eine weitere Kühldampfleitung 19 in den Hohlraum 6 zwischen dem Abschirmelement 5, der Trennfuge 2 und den Begrenzungsteilen 1, 2 geleitet werden. Durch die Leitung 7, die an einer zweiten, weiter stromab liegenden Stelle in den Strömungskanal, insbesondere in einem dritten Druckraum, endet, kann der zugeführte Kühldampf wieder abgeführt werden. Der Druck in dem Hohlraum 6 kann durch die spezielle Leitungsgestaltung der Kühldampfleitung 19 und der Leitung 7 und ein Anstauen in der Leitung 7 eingestellt werden, und zwar in den Grenzen der Druckniveaus der ersten und der zweiten Stelle. Diese Lösung ist allerdings regelungstechnisch anspruchsvoll und verlangt eine massivere Ausführung des Abschirmelementes 5.If a further stationary temperature reduction and pressure reduction at the
Claims (21)
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DE102008045657.8A DE102008045657B4 (en) | 2008-09-03 | 2008-09-03 | Apparatus and method for reducing the pressure on a parting line between at least two boundary parts |
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EP2161415A2 true EP2161415A2 (en) | 2010-03-10 |
EP2161415A3 EP2161415A3 (en) | 2014-08-13 |
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US (1) | US8419357B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2161415B1 (en) |
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DE102016215795A1 (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2018-03-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Steam turbine with flow shield |
DE102017203210A1 (en) | 2017-02-28 | 2018-08-30 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine housing and method for assembling a turbine housing |
JP6971924B2 (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2021-11-24 | 三菱重工コンプレッサ株式会社 | Lifting jig, steam turbine disassembly method, steam turbine parts replacement method, and steam turbine manufacturing method |
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JPS5537681Y2 (en) | 1976-12-27 | 1980-09-04 | ||
US4296538A (en) * | 1978-05-24 | 1981-10-27 | Carrier Corporation | Method of providing a sealing assembly between a steam chest and turbine casing |
GB2111607B (en) * | 1981-12-08 | 1985-09-18 | Rolls Royce | Bearing chamber pressurisation system for a machine |
JPH11229817A (en) * | 1998-02-09 | 1999-08-24 | Hitachi Ltd | Main steam pipe cooling device of steam turbine and steam turbine power plant |
GB2393766A (en) * | 2002-10-03 | 2004-04-07 | Alstom | A sealing arrangement for a turbine |
EP1744017A1 (en) * | 2005-07-14 | 2007-01-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Combined steam turbine and method for operating a combined steam turbine |
-
2008
- 2008-09-03 DE DE102008045657.8A patent/DE102008045657B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-07-29 PL PL09166731T patent/PL2161415T3/en unknown
- 2009-07-29 EP EP09166731.1A patent/EP2161415B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2009-09-03 US US12/553,236 patent/US8419357B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB510505A (en) * | 1938-01-27 | 1939-08-02 | British Thomson Houston Co Ltd | Improvements in casings for elastic fluid turbines |
DE853451C (en) * | 1950-05-28 | 1952-10-23 | Brown | Flange connection on pressure vessels, especially on the housings of steam and gas turbines |
WO1999000620A1 (en) * | 1997-06-25 | 1999-01-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Device for connecting pipe sections |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL2161415T3 (en) | 2017-01-31 |
EP2161415B1 (en) | 2016-07-27 |
EP2161415A3 (en) | 2014-08-13 |
DE102008045657B4 (en) | 2014-11-06 |
US20100054925A1 (en) | 2010-03-04 |
US8419357B2 (en) | 2013-04-16 |
DE102008045657A1 (en) | 2010-03-11 |
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