Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
  • C10M169/045—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and non-macromolecular compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
  • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
  • C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
  • C10M2205/173—Fisher Tropsch reaction products used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
  • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
  • C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
  • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
  • C10M2207/028—Overbased salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/26—Overbased carboxylic acid salts
  • C10M2207/262—Overbased carboxylic acid salts derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
  • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
  • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
  • C10M2219/046—Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
  • C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
  • C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
  • C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
  • C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
  • C10M2219/068—Thiocarbamate metal salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
  • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
  • C10M2223/043—Ammonium or amine salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
  • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
  • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
  • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
  • C10M2223/047—Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2227/06—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/12—Groups 6 or 16
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
  • C10N2030/42—Phosphor free or low phosphor content compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
  • C10N2030/43—Sulfur free or low sulfur content compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
  • C10N2030/45—Ash-less or low ash content

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a lubricating composition
• a lubricating composition comprising a base oil, in particular a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil.
• Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils in lubricating compositions such as engine oils, transmission fluids, and industrial lubricants results in various performance benefits.
• performance benefits by the use of Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils mentioned in the above article are: improved oxidation properties, improved engine cleanliness, improved wear protection, improved emissions and improved aftertreatment device compatibility.
• the Fischer-Tropsch base oils allow to formulate low-viscosity energy conserving formulations.
• Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils may be used as carrier oils for additive concentrates.
• WO 2009/074572 discloses the use of a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils, in combination with an alkylated aromatic component such as an alkylated naphthalene, for use as a carrier oil for a viscosity modifier.
• SAE 0W-30, 0W-40, 5W-30 and 5W-40 engine oils containing an olefin copolymer (OCP) can be formulated, whilst using Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils as a carrier oil for the OCP.
• OCP olefin copolymer
• a lubricating composition comprising:
• the lubricating compositions according to the present invention exhibit improved anti-oxidation properties.
• base oil used in lubricating composition according to the present invention there are no particular limitations regarding the base oil used in lubricating composition according to the present invention, and various conventional mineral oils, synthetic oils as well as naturally derived esters such as vegetable oils may be conveniently used, provided that at least a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil or a poly-alpha olefin (PAO) base oil is present.
• Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil or a poly-alpha olefin (PAO) base oil is present.
• the base oil used in the present invention may conveniently comprise mixtures of one or more mineral oils and/or one or more synthetic oils; thus, according to the present invention, the term "base oil” may refer to a mixture containing more than one base oil.
• Mineral oils include liquid petroleum oils and solvent-treated or acid-treated mineral lubricating oil of the paraffinic, naphthenic, or mixed paraffinic/naphthenic type which may be further refined by hydrofinishing processes and/or dewaxing.
• Suitable base oils for use in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention are Group I, Group II, Group III mineral base oils, Group IV poly-alpha olefins (PAOs), Group III Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils and mixtures thereof.
• Group I Group II
• API American Petroleum Institute
• Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils are known in the art.
• Fischer-Tropsch derived is meant that a base oil is, or is derived from, a synthesis product of a Fischer-Tropsch process.
• a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil may also be referred to as a GTL (Gas-To-Liquids) base oil.
• Suitable Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils that may be conveniently used as the base oil in the lubricating composition of the present invention are those as for example disclosed in EP 0 776 959 , EP 0 668 342 , WO 97/21788 , WO 00/15736 , WO 00/14188 , WO 00/14187 , WO 00/14183 , WO 00/14179 , WO 00/08115 , WO 99/41332 , EP 1 029 029 , WO 01/18156 and WO 01/57166 .
• Synthetic oils include hydrocarbon oils such as olefin oligomers (including polyalphaolefin base oils; PAOs), dibasic acid esters, polyol esters, polyalkylene glycols (PAGs), alkyl naphthalenes and dewaxed waxy isomerates.
• hydrocarbon oils such as olefin oligomers (including polyalphaolefin base oils; PAOs), dibasic acid esters, polyol esters, polyalkylene glycols (PAGs), alkyl naphthalenes and dewaxed waxy isomerates.
• Synthetic hydrocarbon base oils sold by the Shell Group under the designation "Shell XHVI" (trade mark) may be conveniently used.
• Poly-alpha olefin base oils PAOs
• Preferred poly-alpha olefin base oils that may be used in the lubricating compositions of the present invention may be derived from linear C 2 to C 32 , preferably C 6 to C 16 , alpha olefins.
• Particularly preferred feedstocks for said poly-alpha olefins are 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene and 1-tetradecene.
• the base oil as used in the lubricating composition according to the present invention comprises at least a base oil selected from the group consisting of a poly-alpha olefin base oil and a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil or a combination thereof.
• the base oil contains more than 50 wt.%, preferably more than 60 wt.%, more preferably more than 70 wt.%, even more preferably more than 80 wt.%. most preferably more than 90 wt.% Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil.
• not more than 5 wt.%, preferably not more than 2 wt.%, of the base oil is not a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil.
• 100 wt% of the base oil is based on one or more Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils.
• the base oil or base oil blend comprising the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of between 2 and 30 cSt, preferably between 2.5 and 10 cSt (according to ASTM D 445).
• the total amount of base oil incorporated in the lubricating composition of the present invention is preferably present in an amount in the range of from 60 to 99 wt.%, more preferably in an amount in the range of from 65 to 90 wt.% and most preferably in an amount in the range of from 70 to 85 wt.%, with respect to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
• detergents used in the lubricating composition according to the present invention there are no particular limitations regarding the detergent used in the lubricating composition according to the present invention, and various conventional detergents may be used.
• detergents that may be used include oil-soluble neutral and overbased sulfonates, phenates, sulfurized phenates, thiophosphonates, salicylates and naphthenates and other oil-soluble carboxylates of a metal, particularly the alkali or alkaline earth metals, e.g. sodium, potassium, lithium, and in particular calcium and magnesium.
• Preferred metal detergents are neutral and overbased detergents having a TBN (Total Base Number; according to ASTM D2896) of from 20 to 450 mg KOH/g.
• the detergent has a TBN value below 240 mg KOH/g, such as in the range of from 60 to 240, preferably below 200 mg KOH/g. Combinations of detergents, whether overbased or neutral or both, may be used.
• the detergent, or mixture of detergents is present in the lubricating composition according to the present invention in an amount of from 0.01 to 5.0 wt.%, based on the total weight of the fully formulated lubricating oil composition.
• the detergent is a salicylate-type detergent.
• suitable salicylate-type detergents include the products available from Infineum under the trade designations "Infineum C9012", “Infineum M7101” “Infineum M7102”, “Infineum M7105”, “Infineum M7121” and “Infineum M7125”.
• amine compound used in the lubricating composition according to the present invention there are no particular limitations regarding the amine compound used in the lubricating composition according to the present invention, and various conventional amine compounds may be used.
• suitable amine compounds include monamines, diamines, and polyamines.
• the amine compound is an aromatic amine compound.
• suitable aromatic amine compounds include diphenylamines, alkylated diphenylamines, phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamines (PANA), phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamines, and alkylated ⁇ -naphthylamines.
• the aromatic amine is selected from an optionally alkylated diphenylamine and an optionally alkylated phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine, more preferably an optionally alkylated diphenylamine.
• diphenylamine (DPA) compounds are known in the art and widely commercially available.
• suitable diphenylamines and phenyl-alpha-naphthylamines include, but are not limited to, diphenylamine (DPA), butyldiphenylamine, dibutyldiphenylamine, octyldiphenylamine, dioctyldiphenylamine, nonyldiphenylamine, dinonyldiphenylamine, heptyldiphenylamine, diheptyldiphenylamine, methylstyryldiphenylamine, mixed butyl/octyl alkylated diphenylamines, mixed butyl/styryl alkylated diphenylamines, mixed nonyl/ethyl alkylated diphenylamines, mixed octyl/styryl alkylamine
• diphenylamines and phenyl-naphthylamines are available from CIBA Speciality Chemicals under the trade designations Irganox L-06 and Irganox L-57; from Chemtura under the trade designations Naugalube AMS, Naugalube 438, Naugalube 438R, Naugalube 438L, Naugalube 640, Naugalube 680, Naugalube APAN and Naugard PANA; from R.T.
• Vanderbilt Company, Inc under the trade designations Vanlube DND, Vanlube NA, Vanlube PNA, Vanlube SL, Vanlube SLHP, Vanlube SS, Vanlube 81, Vanlube 848, and Vanlube 849; from Albemarle under the trade designation AN-1225.
• the amine compounds are present in an amount in the range of from 0.1 to 10.0 wt.%, preferably from 0.1 to 5.0 wt.%, more preferably from 0.2 to 4.0 wt.%, most preferably from 0.3 to 1.5 wt%, based on the total weight of the fully formulated lubricating oil composition.
• the aromatic amine compound is a diphenylamine having the general formula (I) wherein each R is independently an alkyl group having from 1 to 16 carbon atoms, preferably from 3 to 14 carbon atoms, more preferably from 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
• the lubricating composition according to the present invention may further comprise one or more additives such as anti-oxidants, anti-wear additives, dispersants, detergents, overbased detergents, extreme pressure additives, friction modifiers, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, metal passivators, corrosion inhibitors, demulsifiers, anti-foam agents, seal compatibility agents and additive diluent base oils, etc.
• additives such as anti-oxidants, anti-wear additives, dispersants, detergents, overbased detergents, extreme pressure additives, friction modifiers, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, metal passivators, corrosion inhibitors, demulsifiers, anti-foam agents, seal compatibility agents and additive diluent base oils, etc.
• additives are typically present in an amount in the range of from 0.01 to 35.0 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition, preferably in an amount in the range of from 0.05 to 25.0 wt.%, more preferably from 1.0 to 20.0 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition.
• the lubricating compositions of the present invention may be conveniently prepared by admixing the one or more additives with the base oil(s).
• SAPS sulphated ash, phosphorus and sulphur
• mid SAPS sulphated ash, phosphorus and sulphur
• regular SAPS regular SAPS
• PCMO Passenger Car Motor Oil
• the lubricating composition may meet the above SAPS ranges for engine oils, even if the lubricating composition is intended for a different application.
• the lubricating composition may meet certain industry standards such as SAE J300 Specifications (as revised in January 2009).
• SAE J300 0W-20, 5W-30, 5W-40 and 10W-40 crankcase engine oils, preferably those of 10W-40.
• SAE stands for Society of Automotive Engineers.
• composition has:
• the lubricating composition according to the present invention may be used in various applications, such as in internal combustion engines (as an engine oil), as a transmission oil, a grease, a hydraulic oil, a turbine oil, compressor oil, etc.
• the present invention provides the use of a lubricating composition as described herein, in order to improve anti-oxidation properties (in particular as determined by HPDSC according to ASTM D 6186-08 and/or the ROBO test according to ASTM D 7528-09).
• Table 1 indicates the properties of the base oils used.
• Table 2 indicates the amounts of additives as incorporated in the respective base oils; the amounts of the additives (the remainder being base oil) are given in wt.%, based on the total weight of additive(s) plus base oil.
• Table 2 also includes references to "Mixtures 1-21" containing a combination of two or more additives and a base oil.
• Base oil 1 was a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (ASTM D445) of approx. 3.9 cSt (mm 2 s -1 ).
• Base oil 1 (and Base oil 3 below) may be conveniently manufactured by the process described in e.g. WO-A-02/070631 , the teaching of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
• Base oil 2 (or “BO2”) was a commercially available Group III base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (ASTM D445) of approx. 4.3 cSt.
• Base oil 2 is commercially available from e.g. SK Energy (Ulsan, South Korea) under the trade designation "Yubase 4".
• Base oil 3 (or “BO3” or “GTL 8”) was a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (ASTM D445) of approx. 7.7 cSt (mm 2 s -1 ).
• Base oil 4" (or “BO4") was a commercially available Group III base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (ASTM D445) of approx. 6.5 cSt.
• Base oil 4 is commercially available from e.g. SK Energy under the trade designation "Yubase 6".
• Base oil 1 (GTL 4) Base oil 2 (Yubase 4) Base oil 3 (GTL 8) Base oil 4 (Yubase 6) Kinematic viscosity at 40°C 1 [cSt] 16.91 19.49 43.36 36.06 Kinematic viscosity at 100°C 1 [cSt] 3.90 4.26 7.67 6.47 VI Index 2 127 126 146 133 Pour point 3 [°C] -39 -18 -24 -18 Noack volatility 4 [wt.%] 12.2 14.2 2.3 6.4 Saturates 5 [wt.%] 99.2 99.3 99.4 98.9 Dynamic viscosity at -20°C 6 [cP] n.d. 713 n.d.
• Oxidation Induction Time measurements were performed using High Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry (HPDSC) according to ASTM D 6186-08, at a temperature of 200°C and whilst subjecting to oxygen at 200 psig (instead of the prescribed 500 psig). Aluminium sample pans were used. Oxidation Induction Time can be used as an indication of oxidation stability.
• Table 3 indicates the composition and properties of the fully formulated engine oil formulations that were tested; the amounts of the components are given in wt.%, based on the total weight of the fully formulated formulations.
• All tested engine oil formulations contained a combination of a base oil, an additive package, a detergent and an amine, which additive package was the same in all tested compositions.
• the additive package was a so-called low SAPS (low sulphated ash, phosphorus and sulphur) PCMO formulation, i.e. having a sulphated ash content of up to 0.5 wt.%, a phosphorus content of up to 0.05 wt.% and a sulphur content of up to 0.2 wt.%.
• the additive package contained a combination of additives including anti-oxidants, a zinc-based anti-wear additives, an ashless dispersant, a pour point depressant, about 3 ppm of an anti-foaming agent and a conventional viscosity modifier concentrate.
• compositions of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were obtained by mixing the base oils with the additive package using conventional lubricant blending procedures.
• Table 3 Component [wt.%] Example 1 Example 2
• Example 3 Comp. Ex. 1 Comp. Ex. 2 Comp. Ex.
• compositions of Examples 1-3 (containing a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil) according to the present invention exhibit a (desirable) decreased viscosity thickening and lower end-of-test (EOT) viscosity than the compositions according to Comparative Examples 1-3 (containing a mineral derived base oil).
• EOT end-of-test
• the yield stress is significantly lowered in the compositions according to the present invention when compared with the Comparative Examples.
• This further demonstrates the synergistic behaviour of the combination of a detergent, an amine compound and a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil as claimed according to the present invention, as shown in Table 2 as well.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=41507929

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (5)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (16)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 2009
  • 2009-10-14 EP EP09173062A patent/EP2159275A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
• 2010
  • 2010-10-13 JP JP2010230437A patent/JP5666236B2/ja active Active

Patent Citations (16)

Non-Patent Citations (2)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events