EP2158789B1 - Diaphragm arrangement for an air motion transformer (amt), and sound converter comprising such a diaphragm arrangement - Google Patents
Diaphragm arrangement for an air motion transformer (amt), and sound converter comprising such a diaphragm arrangement Download PDFInfo
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- EP2158789B1 EP2158789B1 EP08773654A EP08773654A EP2158789B1 EP 2158789 B1 EP2158789 B1 EP 2158789B1 EP 08773654 A EP08773654 A EP 08773654A EP 08773654 A EP08773654 A EP 08773654A EP 2158789 B1 EP2158789 B1 EP 2158789B1
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- diaphragm
- membrane
- segments
- segment
- frequency
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
- H04R7/14—Non-planar diaphragms or cones corrugated, pleated or ribbed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only
- H04R1/26—Spatial arrangements of separate transducers responsive to two or more frequency ranges
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
- H04R1/323—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only for loudspeakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/02—Details
- H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
- H04R9/046—Construction
Definitions
- the invention relates to a membrane arrangement for an air-motion transformer (AMT), wherein the membrane arrangement has at least one substantially meander-shaped membrane and the membrane arrangement has air pockets for generating sound through the meandering design of the at least one membrane. Furthermore, the invention relates to a sound transducer with such a membrane arrangement.
- AMT air-motion transformer
- the Air-Motion-Transformer (abbreviated to AMT) is an original of Dr. med. Oskar Heil developed sound transducer.
- AMT Air-Motion-Transformer
- Such an air-motion transformer has a meandering or accordion-like folded membrane. By this shaping of the membrane air pockets are formed. These air pockets are widened and narrowed for pressing out or for sucking in air and thus for generating sound.
- the membrane arrangement is vzw. in operative connection with a suitable device. Vzw. are arranged on the flanks of the air pockets tracks.
- the preferably arranged in a magnetic field membrane or the air pockets are excited to generate sound by an alternating current is passed through the tracks.
- the flanks of the air pockets are moved against each other, wherein the air is forced out of the air pockets or sucked into these air pockets inside.
- Air-motion transformers can be used in particular in hi-fi speakers as a tweeter in the frequency range from about 1 kHz to a maximum of about 25 kHz. Due to the small moving mass of the membrane, Air Motion Transformers are characterized by their excellent impulse behavior, since an AMT loudspeaker can reproduce a pulsed signal with only very low input or decay processes.
- the international patent application WO 99/07183 A1 discloses an AMT loudspeaker with a diaphragm configured to emit different frequencies of sound.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a known in the prior art membrane assembly 1 for a not shown in detail, electrodynamic mixing Sound converter, here a speaker.
- the here meander-shaped membrane assembly 1 which here has a single membrane 1a, takes this form substantially in its operating state, said membrane assembly 1 then vzw. is arranged between two pole plates, not shown here in an air gap.
- the membrane assembly 1 is first prepared as a sheet-like element, the illustrated interconnects 2 vzw. be formed on the membrane 1a by means of appropriate etching.
- a plurality of air pockets 6 are formed by this arrangement.
- a current I flowing through the printed conductors 2 is indicated.
- a static magnetic field is indicated by the arrows B.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 show with the solid lines the excited state of the membrane 2 and the air pockets 6 in the open and closed position.
- Fig. 2 shows that the flanks 5 of the membrane assembly 1 move in the direction of the arrows C 1 .
- the air pockets 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d increase in width, ie these air pockets 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d are opened, so that air is sucked into these air pockets 6a to 6d according to the arrows E.
- Air pockets 6e, 6f, and 6g are arranged between the air pockets 6a to 6d, open to the other side. These air pockets 6e to 6g adjacent to the air pockets 6a to 6d are correspondingly reduced in width - or are closed - so that, according to the arrows A, the air is forced out of these air pockets 6e to 6g.
- Arrows A air outlet
- arrows E air intake
- Fig. 3 now shows the membrane assembly 1 in the reverse deflection position of the flanks 5.
- the flanks 5 move in the opposite direction, this being indicated by the arrows C2.
- the flanks 5 of the air pockets 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d move towards each other, so that these air pockets 6a to 6d narrow and the air is forced out of these air pockets 6a to 6d (see arrows A).
- the air pockets 6e, 6f and 6g are widened, so that air is sucked into these air pockets 6e, 6f and 6g (see arrows E).
- Fig. 4 shows an AMT transducer 15 with in the Fig. 1 to 3
- the membrane assembly 1 is arranged between two pole plates 7 and 8 in an air gap 9.
- the membrane assembly 1 is clamped in a frame, wherein only the two frame parts 10a and 10b can be seen from the frame.
- the frame with the frame parts 10a and 10b is connected to two side parts 11a and 11b.
- the side parts 11 a and 11 b in turn carry the pole plates 7 and 8.
- Fig. 5 shows that the pole plate 8 has a plurality of sound openings 12.
- the sound holes 12 are formed in the form of slits 12a extending in the horizontal direction. Through the slots 12a, the sound generated by the membrane assembly 1 can escape from the sound transducer 15.
- the membrane assembly 1 By periodically narrowing and widening the air pockets 6 are emitted from the membrane assembly 1 sound waves.
- the sound waves are - like all waveforms - broken and bent.
- the strength of the diffraction of the sound waves depends on their wavelength. Long waves, ie low notes, become less than short waves, high notes, bent and broken. This frequency-dependent behavior is summarized under the term radiation behavior. Loudspeakers and thus also air-motion transformers therefore have a different emission behavior at different frequencies.
- the low frequencies are rather spherical radiated and tend to spread equally in all directions. With increasing frequency, the sound waves show an ever stronger concentration. High frequencies are almost only radiated in a certain direction.
- Fig. 4 is the horizontal bundling and in Fig. 6
- the vertical focusing of the sound waves 13 and 14 is shown once for low frequency sound waves 13 and once for high frequency sound waves 14.
- the sound waves 13 having a low frequency are radiated in an emission cone with an aperture angle relative to the ideal emission axis S.
- the emission axis S extends perpendicularly and centrally to the membrane arrangement 1.
- the sound waves 14 having a high frequency are radiated essentially only in the direction of the emission axis S as plane and parallel wavefronts.
- this bundling of the sound at high frequencies is undesirable.
- a loudspeaker should play all frequencies identically loud in every direction.
- a bundling of sound occurs but especially in the mid / high range and is dependent on the frequency. The all-round radiation capability can therefore be restricted, in particular in the case of membrane loudspeakers.
- a bundling of the radiated sound occurs, for example, in the horizontal and vertical directions, as in Fig. 4 and 5 is shown.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to design a membrane arrangement and further develop that the radiation behavior of the membrane assembly is improved and the sound bundling is at least reduced, in particular for the high frequencies.
- the membrane segments are arranged or formed in such a way that the sound waves emitted by the membrane segments are superimposed in such a way that the overall sound-for the listener-appears to come from an acoustic center.
- the acoustic center preferably lies on the emission axis or in the corresponding emission plane of the membrane arrangement.
- the corresponding "membrane segments" may be formed as subregions of a single membrane, but on the other hand it is also possible that several individual vzw. Meander-shaped membranes are summarized to form a membrane assembly accordingly. It is crucial that the membrane segments thus formed are arranged and / or configured in this way - or which will also show the following statements - then be controlled so that the membrane arrangement itself has a common acoustic center.
- the individual membrane segments are in turn preferably arranged symmetrically with respect to the emission axis or emission plane of the membrane arrangement.
- a middle membrane segment and at least one outer membrane segment can be arranged on both sides of the middle membrane segment.
- the middle diaphragm segment for reproducing a high-frequency range and the outer diaphragm segments are then designed for reproducing a low-frequency range.
- the subdivision of the membrane assembly into a plurality of membrane segments also has the advantage that the omnidirectional behavior is improved since the limit for an acceptable omnidirectional behavior is given if the extent of a membrane segment in one direction is less than half the wavelength of the frequency to be generated. As the frequency to be radiated increases, therefore, small membrane expansions are advantageous.
- the subdivision of the membrane assembly in membrane segments can be carried out in vertical and / or horizontal extension of the membrane assembly (in a towering erected membrane assembly).
- the membrane arrangement preferably has a correspondingly large area. The deeper the frequency to be transmitted is selected, the larger is preferably the total membrane area for reproducing the lowest frequency.
- Fig. 7 is a sound transducer 15 with a membrane assembly 16, namely shown here with a single membrane 16a.
- the sound transducer 15 is a so-called air-motion transformer (AMT), namely designed here as a speaker.
- AMT air-motion transformer
- the membrane 16a is meander-shaped and arranged between two pole plates 17 and 18 in an air gap 19.
- the membrane 16 a is vzw. initially produced as a sheet-like element, wherein the conductor tracks, not shown here vzw. be formed by means of appropriate etching on the membrane 16a and the membrane 16a vzw. lying in a plane between the pole plates is arranged.
- Fig. 7 clearly is, are formed by this arrangement, a plurality of air pockets 23 for generating sound.
- a vzw. static not shown magnetic field or an electrostatic magnetic field generated.
- the current may be an alternating current, which may in particular be proportional to an audio signal.
- the air pockets 23 of the membrane arrangement 16 or of the membrane 16a shown here are compressed and widened by the lateral forces - depending on the direction of the current in the printed conductors - whereby sound waves 24 are generated by the membrane arrangement 16.
- Adjacent flanks 22 of the membrane 16a move either towards or away from each other.
- the membrane assembly 16 several membrane segments - here in Fig. 7 comprising three membrane segments - A, B and C, wherein the membrane segments A, B and C are arranged and / or configured such that the membrane assembly 16 has a substantially common acoustic center.
- the division of the membrane assembly 16 in three membrane segments A, B and C is indicated by the two dashed lines in the FIGS. 7 and 8 indicated.
- the design of the individual membrane segments A, B and C or their exact training / arrangement with the wave crests shown, wave troughs and flanks, but without illustrated traces and their "control" may be discussed in more detail below, in advance, the following may be performed :
- the membrane segments A, B and C are arranged such that the emitted from the membrane segments A, B and C sound waves 24 are superimposed so that the total sound 24, as coming from an acoustic center appears.
- the acoustic center corresponds to a - in Fig. 7 indicated, vzw. punctiform - sound source, being emitted from this sound source, indicated by circular arcs sound waves.
- a common acoustic center here means that the respective circular arc centers of the sound waves lie on the emission axis S and not laterally offset from the emission axis. As long as the circular arc centers are close enough to each other on the emission axis S, the sound appears as coming from a common acoustic center. This makes it possible to achieve a precise image of the sound image.
- the circular arcs 24a it is possible for the circular arcs 24a to associate a geometrical first point-shaped sound source and the circular arcs 24b with a second geometrical point-shaped sound source, which on the one hand lie on the emission axis S and on the other hand are so close to each other that a common acoustic center is realized for the listener ,
- the membrane segments A, B and C are arranged symmetrically to the emission axis S or to the radiation plane of the membrane arrangement 16.
- the membrane segment B is arranged in the middle between the preferably identically designed outer membrane segments A and B.
- the middle diaphragm segment B is designed to reproduce in particular a high-frequency range and the two outer diaphragm segments A and C only to reproduce a low-frequency range.
- the membrane segment B generates the wavefronts 24a of the high-frequency range and the two membrane segments A and C together generate the wavefronts 24b of the low-frequency range.
- the low frequency range can also be represented by all membrane segments together and the high frequency range, for example, only by the middle membrane segment B.
- the frequency spectrum to be represented by the membrane arrangement 16 can be, for example, from 700 Hz or from 1 kHz to, for example, 20 kHz, vzw. even up to 30KHz. If a membrane arrangement is used with a correspondingly large total membrane area, the frequency range to be transmitted can also extend to less than 1 kHz or less than 700 Hz.
- the frequency spectrum can be in a high frequency range, vzw. from 3000 Hz to over 20,000 Hz, and a low-frequency range, vzw. from below 1000 Hz to 3000 Hz or above.
- the frequency spectrum can also be divided into more than two frequency ranges, with at least one membrane segment being provided for each frequency range can.
- each membrane segment of a membrane assembly or a membrane therefore forms a separate "oscillatory unit" with several of these membrane segments associated wave crests and wave troughs, each membrane segment vzw. a certain frequency range is assigned.
- the membrane segments are then arranged and / or formed so that the acoustic center is common for different frequencies or for the different frequency ranges.
- Vzw. Therefore, the directivity of the membrane assembly and the membrane is independent of the frequency.
- Vzw But now every membrane segment for a particular frequency range is provided, for example. For a high-frequency range or even for a low frequency range.
- the subdivision of the membrane assembly 16 in the three membrane segments A, B and C also has the advantage that the omnidirectional behavior of the membrane assembly 16 is improved.
- the limit for an acceptable omnidirectional behavior is vzw. characterized in that the extension of the membrane segments A, B and C in one direction is less than half the wavelength of the frequency to be generated. This condition is for the low-frequency reproduction associated membrane segments A and C usually not critical. For the emission characteristics of the high frequencies, only the extent of the central membrane segment B is crucial. Since with increasing frequency to be radiated membrane expansion should be small, is vzw. the extent of the membrane segment B at least in the horizontal direction substantially less than half the wavelength of the upper limit frequency of the high frequency range.
- the subdivision of the membrane assembly 16 in its membrane segments A, B and C is here in a horizontal extension of the membrane assembly 16 is carried out (seen from the perspective of the towering erected membrane assembly 16).
- the membrane arrangement 16 preferably has a correspondingly large area, in particular the total area of the membrane segments A and C has been chosen to be sufficiently large.
- Fig. 9 remains by the segmentation of the membrane assembly 16 only in the width (as horizontal) and not in height (vertical) bundling the high-frequency sound 24a, while the lower-frequency sound waves are radiated cone-shaped.
- the membrane segments - as already in the Fig. 7 to 9 shown - may be formed as portions of a single membrane.
- the subregions that is to say the corresponding membrane segments, for example the membrane segments A, B and C
- the membrane segments can be fixed in their marginal / border areas according to the invention by separately arranged webs, so that the membrane segments are "decoupled” from one another in terms of vibration.
- "buffer zones” are formed between the membrane segments, that is, for example, the corresponding air pocket 23, which forms exactly the border region between two membrane segments, just not provided with conductor tracks.
- corresponding "buffer zones” be realized or fixed by adhesive bags filled with air pockets. This depends on the particular application.
- the membrane assembly 16 and 26 consists of a single membrane, for example.
- the membrane 16 a wherein the single membrane 16 a in corresponding membrane segments, vzw. the membrane segments A, B, C is divided.
- a membrane segment A, B and C is essentially defined by a certain number of wave crests and troughs, and in particular from Fig. 7 shown clearly.
- each membrane segment A, B, C forms a substantially separate "oscillatory unit", wherein the membrane segments A, B and C vzw. by elements not shown here in the figures, in particular webs, strips, etc. are limited to the membrane segments A, B, C vzw. to decouple vibration from each other.
- each membrane segment a certain number of wave crests and troughs and flank sides are assigned, the troughs, wave crests and flanks of a first membrane segment, eg.
- the membrane segment A swing in a different way than the wave crests and troughs of another
- the membrane arrangement 16 or the membrane 16a is arranged substantially in one plane between two pole plates 17 and 18.
- Diaphragm-shaped membranes are provided, which then form corresponding respective membrane segments and are combined, for example in one or more frames to form a unit as a "membrane order". This depends on the particular application.
- FIG. 10 11a and 11b a second embodiment of an AMT transducer 25 is shown.
- the structure of the sound transducer 25 - with the exception of the segmentation of the membrane assembly 26 - is on the above description of the Fig. 7 to 9 referred, since the basic structure with the pole plates 27 and 28 and with an air gap 29 corresponds to the above, first embodiment substantially.
- the membrane assembly 26 has a central membrane segment B and laterally of this membrane segment B two outer membrane segments A and C.
- two membrane segments E and D are arranged above and below the membrane segment B and preferably also above and below the lateral membrane segments A and C.
- Both the outer, lateral membrane segments A and C and the outer membrane segments D and E are arranged symmetrically to the middle membrane segment B, so that the entire membrane assembly 26 has a common acoustic center on the emission axis S. This acoustic center is in this embodiment for the listener - as already above to the Fig. 7 to 9 explained - vzw. punctiform. While in Fig.
- FIG. 7 the division of the membrane 16a in the horizontal direction in three membrane segments A, B, C is shown, which are formed in the vertical direction, ie over the entire height, so shows Fig. 10 another division of a single membrane 26, wherein here in the middle region, the three membrane segments A, B, C and in each case in the upper and lower region - seen in the vertical direction - further membrane segments D and E are formed.
- the vibrational decoupling of the membrane segments A, B, C, D and E can be realized here again via corresponding elements, in particular webs / strips and / or separate frame, so the corresponding membrane segments A to D can be limited by means of such elements. This also depends on the particular application.
- Fig. 12 shows a detail view of a portion 30 of a membrane segment once in the initial state 31 and once in the deflected state 32, wherein the direction of movement of the membrane segment 30 in the deflected state 32 is indicated by the outward-pointing arrows.
- the air pocket 33 is widened by twice the distance a.
- the unspecified wave crests and wave troughs with the radius R are curved.
- the wave troughs with the radius r1 and the wave peaks with the radius r2 are curved.
- the radius r1 is smaller than the radius r2.
- vzw The maximum deflection of a, ie "a max " is vzw. now chosen so that the forces acting through the inherent stiffness of the membrane material spring forces in the radii r1 and r2 are approximately proportional to the deflection.
- the lower limit frequency is vzw. selected by the proportionality condition of the spring forces occurring in relation to the deflection. The lower limit frequency is therefore also dependent on the specific material properties of the membrane segment 30.
- FIGS. 13 and 14 show a detailed view of a membrane segment 34 in maximum compressed state 35 and the initial state 36.
- the air in the air pocket 37 is in Fig. 13 compressed (compressed air "VK"), which is to be represented by the black bar graphically, and is therefore pushed out of the air pocket 37, which is indicated by the lower arrow in Fig. 13 is indicated.
- the resulting pressure wave needs a certain time t to cover this distance s as a function of the distance s to be traversed in the air pocket. This time is due to the speed of sound and the Way determinable.
- Fig. 15 shows a third embodiment of a sound transducer 38 with a membrane assembly 39.
- the membrane assembly 39 has three membrane segments a, b and c.
- the membrane segments a, b and c have substantially the same geometry, ie, size, convolution and expansion.
- the geometry of the membrane segments a, b and c is chosen in accordance with the above considerations so that the membrane segments a, b and c can transmit the entire desired frequency range.
- Fig. 16 shows an electrical circuit diagram (equivalent circuit diagram) for the sound transducer 38.
- the resistors Ra, Rb and Rc represent the resistances of the conductor tracks on the respective membrane segments a, b and c.
- the resistances Ra, Rb and Rc represent the possibly complex alternating current resistance of the membrane segments a, b and c.
- the inductive component of the corresponding strip conductors can be small, which is why the complex alternating current resistance here can correspond essentially to ohmic resistances.
- resistors Ra, Rb and Rc are connected in series.
- an AC signal can be applied.
- a capacitor Ca is connected in parallel
- a capacitor Cc is connected in parallel. Due to the parallel connection of the capacitors Ca and Cc, the high-frequency component of the alternating current signal is conducted past the membrane segments a and c and is therefore reproduced only by the membrane segment b.
- the phase angle between current and voltage at the diaphragm segments a, b and c in the transition frequency between the high and the low frequency range is the same. This constant phase angle guarantees that no phase jumps occur between high and low frequency segments at the crossover frequency, which could be clearly perceived by the ear.
- the bass frequency is vzw from the capacitors. not transmitted and flows through the electrically connected in series segments a, b and c.
- this low frequency range is therefore vzw.
- the whole membrane arrangement is active and contributes to the impedance.
- the overall impedance of the circuit is frequency dependent.
- the total impedance is essentially Ra + Rb + Rc.
- the resistors Ra and Rc do not contribute, since they are bridged by the capacitors Ca and Cc.
- the total resistance in the high-frequency range therefore essentially corresponds only to Rb and thus amounts to only one third of the total impedance 3 * Rb in the low-frequency range.
- the signal component which is reproduced only via the membrane segment b, or the resistor Rb, therefore generates at the same amplitude voltage a threefold higher current through Rb and thus exerts a threefold higher force on the membrane segment b.
- a threefold higher diaphragm deflection is brought about in the linear region of the reproduction. This compensates for the fact that only the membrane segment b is provided for the high-frequency range, ie only one third of the total diaphragm area is used for high-frequency reproduction.
- these transducers are operated with amplifiers, the amplifiers vzw. at the occurring, different impedances depending on the frequency spectrum to be transmitted work stable.
- Fig. 17 shows an alternative circuit for the in Fig. 15 shown transducer 38.
- the represented by the resistors Ra and Rc membrane segments a and c are in this case connected in series with an unspecified woofer unit. At this woofer unit can be fed to the contact terminals 42 and 43, a low-frequency signal.
- the membrane segment b, or the resistor Rb is formed separately from the woofer unit and can be contacted at separate terminals 44 and 45 with a further signal.
- This signal can either contain only high-frequency components or, in addition to high-frequency components, also low-frequency components.
- Fig. 18a shows a fourth embodiment of a transducer 46 with a membrane assembly 47, wherein the membrane assembly 47 is divided into three membrane segments a, b and c.
- the membrane segments a and c are in turn vzw. constructed identical and in particular arranged symmetrically to the central membrane segment b.
- the middle diaphragm segment b only reproduces the high-frequency range and is adapted accordingly.
- the membrane segments a and c are adapted to reproduce only the low frequency range.
- the membrane segment b has a convolution with a lower air pocket depth, so that this membrane segment b has a very high, upper limit frequency can have (cf. FIGS. 13 and 14 and the corresponding description).
- the air pockets of the membrane segments a and c thus have a greater depth than the air pockets of the membrane segment b.
- the height Hb of the air gap 48 in the region of the tweeter membrane segment b is smaller than the height Ha / c of the air gaps 49 in the region of the woofer membrane segments a and c.
- the air gap 49 is bounded by two pole plates 50 and 51.
- the air gap 48 is limited here, for example, on the one hand by the pole plate 51 and on the other hand by an additional pole plate element 52. Due to the smaller extent of the folding of the membrane segment b in the direction Hb, it is possible here to work with an air gap 48 reduced in relation to the height Ha / c.
- the magnetic field Bb acting in the air gap 48 of the high-tone membrane segment b is stronger than the magnetic field Ba / c acting in the air gap 49 of the low-frequency membrane segments a and c. Due to the stronger magnetic field, higher edge deflections can be generated. As a result, a compact design of the central membrane segment b can be achieved while at the same time having sufficient sound pressure through the membrane segment b.
- the perpendicular to the diaphragm assembly 47 oriented magnetic fields Bb and Ba / c are indicated by arrows in the Fig. 18a indicated.
- Fig. 18b shows a circuit for the in Fig. 18a shown transducer 46.
- the represented by the resistors Ra and Rc membrane segments a and c are in this case connected in series with an unspecified woofer unit. At this woofer unit can be fed to the contact terminals 53 and 54, a low-frequency signal.
- the membrane segment b or the resistor Rb is formed separately from the woofer unit and can be supplied at separate terminals 55 and 56 with a high frequency signal.
- the different activation of the woofer unit and of the membrane segment b or of the resistor Rb can take place, for example, via an active or a passive crossover.
- Fig. 19 shows a fifth embodiment of a sound transducer 57 with a membrane assembly 58.
- the membrane assembly 58 is again in accordance with the preceding embodiments in three membrane segments a, divided b and c.
- the diaphragm segments a and c provided for low-frequency transmission are designed such that they have an upper cutoff frequency, this upper cutoff frequency simultaneously corresponding substantially to the lower cutoff frequency of the high tone range, wherein the high frequency range of the membrane segment b is transferable. Vzw.
- the membrane segments a and c have a corresponding depth T of the air pockets 59 and a corresponding radius R of the curvature of the undefined peaks and troughs of the air pockets 59.
- the tweeter membrane segment b has air pockets 60 with a smaller depth T 'and peaks and troughs with a smaller radius R'. Therefore, the air pockets of each membrane segment a, b, c depending on which frequency range is assigned to the respective membrane segment a, b, c different depths, vzw. have the depth T or T '. Vzw. In this case, the high-tone membrane segment b or the depth T "of the air pockets 60 is less than the depth T of the air pockets 59.
- the respective membrane segments a, b and c are therefore in the preferred case with different depths v / T / T" of the air pockets 59 or 60 formed.
- the membrane segments a, b, c are formed and / or arranged so that the acoustic center is common for different frequencies or for the different frequency ranges.
- the geometry of the membrane segments a, b and c, in particular the respective air pockets 59 and 60, is selected so that on the one hand the desired cutoff frequency is transferable and on the other hand, the frequency range of the membrane segments a and c is trimmed so that no further filtering measures are required ,
- the membrane geometry is selected by the membrane arrangement 58 so that the membrane segment b can only reproduce the high-frequency range which lies beyond the upper limit frequency of the membrane segments a and c.
- a circuit for the membrane assembly 58 is shown, wherein the membrane segments a and c, and the corresponding resistors Ra and Rc are connected in series to a woofer unit and the high-tone membrane segment separately, for example, by an active cross-over, not shown can be controlled (see. example Fig. 18b ).
- Fig. 21 shows a further circuit for the membrane assembly 58.
- the membrane segments a, b and c are connected in series, wherein an inductive resistor L, the high-tone membrane segment b and the resistor Rb bridges.
- the inductive resistor L is small for low frequencies and large for high frequencies. Since the resistor Rb is in parallel with the inductive resistor Rb, the same voltage drops at both. For low frequencies, therefore, only a small amount of the signal on the membrane segment Rb drops off. For high frequencies, preferably the voltage drops substantially at the high-tone membrane segment b.
- Fig. 22a shows a further sound transducer 61 with a membrane assembly 62.
- the height of the air gap in the region of the tweeter membrane segment b is smaller than the height of the air gaps in the region of the woofer membrane segments a and c.
- the air gap is partially bounded by two pole plates 50 and 51.
- the air gap is additionally narrowed by an unspecified pole plate in the region of the high-tone membrane segment.
- the magnetic field acting in the air gap of the high-tone membrane segment b is preferably stronger than the magnetic field acting in the air gap of the low-frequency membrane segments a and c. Due to the stronger magnetic field, higher edge deflections can be generated.
- the geometry of the membrane segment b is selected so that the membrane segment b can also reproduce the lower limit frequency of the membrane segments a and c.
- the radius R of the wave crests and wave troughs in the membrane segment b is adjusted accordingly.
- the membrane segments a, b and c have a convolution with the same radius R, even if the depth of the unspecified air pockets in the membrane segments a and c deviates from the depth of the air pockets of the membrane segment.
- the lower limit frequency is determined by the radius of the wave crests and wave troughs. This makes it possible to dispense with a crossover completely.
- the membrane segments a, b and c are, as in Fig.
- the high-frequency signal component is amplified compared to the low-frequency signal component. This can happen, for example, by electronic means, in particular with an equalizer, in particular before the overall signal is amplified.
- This amplification of the high-frequency signal component can be boosted / amplified, in particular, without a significant or audible phase shift occurring between the high-frequency signal component and the low-frequency signal component.
- acoustic transducers which are in particular designed as AMT speakers, have corresponding membrane assemblies 16, 26, 47 and 58 and 62, which are formed in accordance with the above-described explanations, vzw. each having a single membrane.
- the corresponding subregions ie the corresponding membrane segments A, B, C, D, E or a, b and c vzw. according demarcated or divided by that at the edge areas or in the transition areas vzw. web elements not shown here can be arranged to separate the respective membrane segments from each vibration technology.
- vzw a tweeter segment and vzw. a plurality of low tone segments arranged corresponding to one another to form a common acoustic center, particularly for the listener.
- the individual membrane segments can be correspondingly controlled differently with the aid of an electrical / electronic control unit, vzw. because the respective interconnects of a membrane segment are electrically driven differently than the respective interconnects of another membrane segment. Also by the different air pocket depth of the respective membrane segments associated air pockets, the assignment of the frequency ranges can be carried out or so controlled.
- the individual membrane segments are formed by a plurality, that is, by a plurality of individual membranes, which are arranged correspondingly in different frames.
- the corresponding membrane arrangement does not have to consist of a single membrane, as in the preferred embodiments shown here in the figures, but the membrane arrangement can also be formed by a plurality of individual membranes, each individual membrane then forming a corresponding individual membrane segment, and these membrane segments are in turn designed and / or arranged such that - corresponding to the above statements - the entire membrane arrangement has a substantially common acoustic center. This also depends on the particular application.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Membrananordnung für einen Air-Motion-Transformer (AMT), wobei die Membrananordnung mindestens eine im wesentlichen mäanderförmig ausgebildete Membran aufweist und die Membrananordnung durch die mäanderförmige Ausbildung der mindestens einen Membran Lufttaschen zur Schallerzeugung aufweist. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung einen Schallwandler mit einer solchen Membrananordnung.The invention relates to a membrane arrangement for an air-motion transformer (AMT), wherein the membrane arrangement has at least one substantially meander-shaped membrane and the membrane arrangement has air pockets for generating sound through the meandering design of the at least one membrane. Furthermore, the invention relates to a sound transducer with such a membrane arrangement.
Solche Membrananordnungen werden im Stand der Technik in Schallwandlern, insbesondere in sogenannten AMT-Lautsprechern eingesetzt. Der Air-Motion-Transformer (kurz AMT) ist ein ursprünglich von Dr. Oskar Heil entwickelter Schallwandler. Solch ein Air-Motion-Transformer weist eine mäanderförmig ausgebildete bzw. ziehharmonika-ähnlich gefaltete Membran auf. Durch diese Formgebung der Membran sind Lufttaschen gebildet. Diese Lufttaschen werden zum Herauspressen bzw. zum Ansaugen von Luft und damit zur Schallerzeugung geweitet und verengt. Hierzu steht die Membrananordnung vzw. mit einer geeigneten Vorrichtung in Wirkverbindung. Vzw. sind an den Flanken der Lufttaschen Leiterbahnen angeordnet. Die vorzugsweise in einem Magnetfeld angeordnete Membran bzw. die Lufttaschen werden zur Schallerzeugung angeregt, indem durch die Leiterbahnen ein Wechselstrom geleitet wird. Dabei werden die Flanken der Lufttaschen gegeneinander bewegt, wobei die Luft aus den Lufttaschen herausgedrückt bzw. in diese Lufttaschen hinein angesaugt wird.Such membrane arrangements are used in the prior art in sound transducers, in particular in so-called AMT loudspeakers. The Air-Motion-Transformer (abbreviated to AMT) is an original of Dr. med. Oskar Heil developed sound transducer. Such an air-motion transformer has a meandering or accordion-like folded membrane. By this shaping of the membrane air pockets are formed. These air pockets are widened and narrowed for pressing out or for sucking in air and thus for generating sound. For this purpose, the membrane arrangement is vzw. in operative connection with a suitable device. Vzw. are arranged on the flanks of the air pockets tracks. The preferably arranged in a magnetic field membrane or the air pockets are excited to generate sound by an alternating current is passed through the tracks. The flanks of the air pockets are moved against each other, wherein the air is forced out of the air pockets or sucked into these air pockets inside.
Air-Motion-Transformer können insbesondere in HiFi-Lautsprechern als Hochtonlautsprecher im Frequenzbereich von etwa 1 kHz bis maximal etwa 25 kHz eingesetzt werden. Air Motion Transformer zeichnen sich aufgrund der kleinen bewegten Masse der Membran durch ein exzellentes Impulsverhalten aus, da ein AMT-Lautsprecher ein impulsförmiges Signal mit nur sehr geringen Ein- bzw. Ausschwingvorgängen abbilden kann.Air-motion transformers can be used in particular in hi-fi speakers as a tweeter in the frequency range from about 1 kHz to a maximum of about 25 kHz. Due to the small moving mass of the membrane, Air Motion Transformers are characterized by their excellent impulse behavior, since an AMT loudspeaker can reproduce a pulsed signal with only very low input or decay processes.
Die internationale Patentanmeldung
Die internationale Patentanmeldung
Deutlich erkennbar sind eine Mehrzahl von Wellenbergen 3 und Wellentälern 4 sowie die Wellenberge 3 und die Wellentäler 4 miteinander verbindende und sich gegenüberliegende Flanken 5, auf denen die Leiterbahnen 2 angeordnet sind. Wie aus
Die Wirkungsweise der im Stand der Technik bekannten Membrananordnung 1 wird nun anhand der
Durch periodisches Verengen und Weiten der Lufttaschen 6 werden von der Membrananordnung 1 Schallwellen ausgesandt. Die Schallwellen werden - wie alle Wellenformen - gebrochen und gebeugt. Die Stärke der Beugung der Schallwellen ist abhängig von ihrer Wellenlänge. Lange Wellen, also tiefe Töne, werden dabei weniger als kurze Wellen, hohe Töne, gebeugt und gebrochen. Dieses frequenzabhängige Verhalten wird unter dem Begriff Abstrahlverhalten zusammengefasst. Lautsprecher und damit auch Air-Motion-Transformer weisen bei verschiedenen Frequenzen daher ein unterschiedliches Abstrahlverhalten auf. Die tiefen Frequenzen werden eher kugelförmig abgestrahlt und breiten sich eher in alle Richtungen gleichermaßen aus. Mit steigender Frequenz zeigen die Schallwellen eine immer stärkere Bündelung. Hohe Frequenzen werden fast nur noch in eine bestimmte Richtung abgestrahlt.By periodically narrowing and widening the
In
In vielen Fällen ist diese Bündelung des Schalls bei hohen Frequenzen unerwünscht. Für den Höreindruck ist unter anderem entscheidend, wie der Schall abseits der idealen Abstrahlachse (Hörachse) abgegeben wird, weil sich nicht immer alle Hörer in Richtung der Hörachse befinden. Idealerweise sollte daher ein Lautsprecher in jede Raumrichtung alle Frequenzen identisch laut wiedergeben. In der Praxis tritt eine Bündelung des Schalls aber insbesondere im Mittel-/Hochtonbereich auf und ist abhängig von der Frequenz. Das Rundum-Abstrahlvermögen kann daher insbesondere bei Membran-Lautsprechern eingeschränkt sein. Mit zunehmender Frequenz tritt eine Bündelung des abgestrahlten Schalls bspw. in horizontaler und vertikaler Richtung ein, wie es in
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Membrananordnung derart auszugestalten und weiterzubilden, dass das Abstrahlverhalten der Membrananordnung verbessert ist und die Schallbündelung insbesondere für die hohen Frequenzen zumindest verringert ist.The invention is therefore based on the object to design a membrane arrangement and further develop that the radiation behavior of the membrane assembly is improved and the sound bundling is at least reduced, in particular for the high frequencies.
Die zuvor aufgezeigte Aufgabe wird durch den Gegenstand der angehängten Ansprüche gelöst. Die Membransegmente sind dabei derart so angeordnet bzw. ausgebildet, so dass die von den Membransegmenten ausgesandten Schallwellen so überlagert werden, dass der Gesamtschall - für den Hörer - wie aus einem akustischen Zentrum kommend erscheint. Dadurch lässt sich eine präzise Abbildung des Klangbildes erreichen. Falls zwei Lautsprecher eingesetzt werden, lässt sich so auch eine präzise Stereoortung erreichen. Das akustische Zentrum liegt dabei vorzugsweise auf der Abstrahlachse bzw. in der hierzu korrespondierenden Abstrahlebene der Membrananordnung. Wie die folgenden Ausführungen zeigen werden, gibt es nun unterschiedliche Möglichkeiten die "Membran-Segmente" zu realisieren. Einerseits können die entsprechenden "Membran-Segmente" als Teilbereiche einer einzelnen Membran ausgebildet sein, andererseits ist aber auch möglich, dass mehrere einzelne vzw. mäanderförmig ausgebildete Membranen zu einer Membrananordnung entsprechend zusammengefasst sind. Entscheidend ist, dass die dann so ausgebildeten Membransegmente derart angeordnet und/oder ausgestaltet sind - bzw. was ebenfalls die folgenden Ausführungen zeigen werden - dann so angesteuert werden, so dass die Membrananordnung an sich ein gemeinsames akustisches Zentrum aufweist.The above object is solved by the subject of the appended claims. In this case, the membrane segments are arranged or formed in such a way that the sound waves emitted by the membrane segments are superimposed in such a way that the overall sound-for the listener-appears to come from an acoustic center. This allows a precise picture of the sound to reach. If two speakers are used, it can also achieve a precise stereo location. The acoustic center preferably lies on the emission axis or in the corresponding emission plane of the membrane arrangement. As the following statements will show, there are now different possibilities to realize the "membrane segments". On the one hand, the corresponding "membrane segments" may be formed as subregions of a single membrane, but on the other hand it is also possible that several individual vzw. Meander-shaped membranes are summarized to form a membrane assembly accordingly. It is crucial that the membrane segments thus formed are arranged and / or configured in this way - or which will also show the following statements - then be controlled so that the membrane arrangement itself has a common acoustic center.
Die einzelnen Membransegmente sind wiederum weiter vorzugsweise symmetrisch zur Abstrahlachse oder Abstrahlebene der Membrananordnung angeordnet. Bspw. kann ein mittleres Membransegment und beidseitig des mittleren Membransegments jeweils mindestens ein äußeres Membransegment angeordnet sein. Vorzugsweise sind das mittlere Membransegment zur Wiedergabe eines Hochtonbereichs und die äußeren Membransegmente dann zur Wiedergabe eines Tieftonbereichs ausgebildet.The individual membrane segments are in turn preferably arranged symmetrically with respect to the emission axis or emission plane of the membrane arrangement. For example. For example, a middle membrane segment and at least one outer membrane segment can be arranged on both sides of the middle membrane segment. Preferably, the middle diaphragm segment for reproducing a high-frequency range and the outer diaphragm segments are then designed for reproducing a low-frequency range.
Die Unterteilung der Membrananordnung in mehrere Membransegmente hat ferner den Vorteil, dass das Rundstrahlverhalten verbessert ist, da die Grenze für ein akzeptables Rundstrahlverhalten dann gegeben ist, wenn die Ausdehnung eines Membransegments in einer Richtung kleiner ist als die halbe Wellenlänge der zu erzeugenden Frequenz. Bei steigender abzustrahlender Frequenz sind daher kleine Membranausdehnungen vorteilhaft. Die Unterteilung der Membrananordnung in Membransegmente kann in vertikaler und/oder horizontaler Ausdehnung der Membrananordnung erfolgen (bei einer aufragend aufgestellten Membrananordnung). Zur Wiedergabe von tiefen Frequenzen weist die Membrananordnung vorzugsweise eine entsprechend große Fläche auf. Je tiefer die zu übertragende Frequenz gewählt ist, desto größer ist vorzugsweise die Gesamtmembranfläche zur Wiedergabe der tiefsten Frequenz.The subdivision of the membrane assembly into a plurality of membrane segments also has the advantage that the omnidirectional behavior is improved since the limit for an acceptable omnidirectional behavior is given if the extent of a membrane segment in one direction is less than half the wavelength of the frequency to be generated. As the frequency to be radiated increases, therefore, small membrane expansions are advantageous. The subdivision of the membrane assembly in membrane segments can be carried out in vertical and / or horizontal extension of the membrane assembly (in a towering erected membrane assembly). For reproducing low frequencies, the membrane arrangement preferably has a correspondingly large area. The deeper the frequency to be transmitted is selected, the larger is preferably the total membrane area for reproducing the lowest frequency.
Näheres darf im folgenden anhand der Ausführungsbeispiele beschrieben werden. Im Ergebnis werden aber die eingangs genannten Nachteile vermieden und entsprechende Vorteile erzielt.Details may be described below with reference to the embodiments. As a result, however, the aforementioned disadvantages are avoided and achieved corresponding advantages.
Es gibt nun eine Vielzahl von Möglichkeiten, die erfindungsgemäße Membrananordnung oder einen Schallwandler in vorteilhafter Art und Weise auszugestalten und weiterzubilden. Hierfür darf zunächst auf die dem Patentanspruch 1 nachgeordneten Patentansprüche verwiesen werden. Im folgenden werden mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der folgenden Zeichnung und der dazugehörigen Beschreibung näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigt:
- Fig. 1
- in schematischer Darstellung den Aufbau einer im Stand der Technik bekannten Membrananordnung,
- Fig. 2
- die Membrananordnung aus
Fig. 1 in schematischer Darstellung von der Seite mit den Bewegungen der Flanken in einer ersten Richtung, - Fig. 3
- die Membrananordnung aus
Fig. 1 in schematischer Darstellung mit Bewegungen der Flanken in einer zweiten, entgegengesetzten Rich- tung, - Fig. 4
- in schematischer Darstellung einen Schallwandler mit der montier- ten bekannten Membrananordnung aus
Fig. 1 in Draufsicht, - Fig. 5
- den Schallwandler aus
Fig. 4 in einer schematischen Vorderansicht, - Fig. 6
- den Schallwandler aus
Fig. 5 in einer schematisch stark vereinfach- ten Seitenansicht, - Fig. 7
- in schematischer Darstellung eine erste Ausführungsform eines bekannten Schallwandlers in Draufsicht,
- Fig. 8
- den Schallwandler aus
Fig. 7 in schematischer Vorderansicht, - Fig. 9
- den Schallwandler aus
Fig. 7 in einer schematisch stark vereinfach- ten Seitenansicht, - Fig. 10
- in schematischer Darstellung eine zweite Ausführungsform eines bekannten Schallwandlers in Vorderansicht,
- Fig. 11a
- den Schallwandler aus
Fig. 10 in einer schematischen Draufsicht, - Fig. 11b
- den Schallwandler aus
Fig. 10 in einer schematisch stark verein- fachten Seitenansicht, - Fig. 12
- eine Detailansicht eines Teilbereichs eines ersten Membransegments in Draufsicht in schematischer Darstellung,
- Fig. 13
- eine Detailansicht eines Teilbereichs eines zweiten Membranseg- ments in maximal komprimiertem Zustand in schematischer Darstel- lung,
- Fig. 14
- eine weitere Detailansicht des Teilbereichs des zweiten Membran- segments in einem der
Fig. 13 nachfolgendem Zustand in schemati- scher Darstellung, - Fig 15
- eine Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Schallwand- lers in schematischer Draufsicht,
- Fig 16
- ein erstes, elektrisches Schaltbild für den Schallwandler aus
Fig. 15 , - Fig. 17
- ein zweites, elektrisches Schaltbild für den Schallwandler aus
Fig. 15 , - Fig. 18a
- eine weitere Ausführungsform für einen erfindungsgemäßen Schall- wandler in schematischer Draufsicht,
- Fig. 18b
- ein elektrisches Schaltbild für den Schallwandler aus
Fig. 18a , - Fig. 19
- eine andere Ausführungsform für einen erfindungsgemäßen Schall- wandler in schematischer Draufsicht,
- Fig. 20
- ein elektrisches Schaltbild für den Schallwandler aus
Fig. 19 - Fig. 21
- ein weiteres elektrisches Schaltbild für den Schallwandler aus
Fig. 19 , - Fig. 22a
- eine weitere Ausführungsform für einen erfindungsgemäßen Schall- wandler in schematischer Draufsicht, und
- Fig. 22b
- ein elektrisches Schaltbild für den Schallwandler aus
Fig. 22a .
- Fig. 1
- a schematic representation of the structure of a known in the prior art membrane assembly,
- Fig. 2
- the membrane assembly
Fig. 1 in a schematic representation of the side with the movements of the flanks in a first direction, - Fig. 3
- the membrane assembly
Fig. 1 in a schematic representation with movements of the flanks in a second, opposite direction, - Fig. 4
- in a schematic representation of a sound transducer with the assembled known membrane arrangement
Fig. 1 in plan view, - Fig. 5
- the sound transducer
Fig. 4 in a schematic front view, - Fig. 6
- the sound transducer
Fig. 5 in a schematically simplified side view, - Fig. 7
- a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a known sound transducer in plan view,
- Fig. 8
- the sound transducer
Fig. 7 in a schematic front view, - Fig. 9
- the sound transducer
Fig. 7 in a schematically simplified side view, - Fig. 10
- a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a known sound transducer in front view,
- Fig. 11a
- the sound transducer
Fig. 10 in a schematic plan view, - Fig. 11b
- the sound transducer
Fig. 10 in a schematically simplified side view, - Fig. 12
- a detailed view of a portion of a first membrane segment in plan view in a schematic representation,
- Fig. 13
- a detailed view of a portion of a second membrane segment in the maximally compressed state in a schematic representation,
- Fig. 14
- a further detailed view of the portion of the second membrane segment in one of
Fig. 13 following state in a schematic representation, - Fig. 15
- An embodiment of a transducer according to the invention in a schematic plan view,
- FIG. 16
- a first, electrical circuit diagram for the sound transducer
Fig. 15 . - Fig. 17
- a second, electrical circuit diagram for the sound transducer
Fig. 15 . - Fig. 18a
- a further embodiment of a sound converter according to the invention in a schematic plan view,
- Fig. 18b
- an electrical circuit diagram for the transducer
Fig. 18a . - Fig. 19
- another embodiment of a sound converter according to the invention in a schematic plan view,
- Fig. 20
- an electrical circuit diagram for the transducer
Fig. 19 - Fig. 21
- another electrical circuit diagram for the transducer
Fig. 19 . - Fig. 22a
- a further embodiment of a sound converter according to the invention in a schematic plan view, and
- Fig. 22b
- an electrical circuit diagram for the transducer
Fig. 22a ,
In
Die Membran 16a ist mäanderförmig ausgebildet und zwischen zwei Polplatten 17 und 18 in einem Luftspalt 19 angeordnet. Die Membran 16a wird vzw. zunächst als flächiges Element hergestellt, wobei die hier nicht dargestellten Leiterbahnen vzw. mittels entsprechender Ätzverfahren auf der Membran 16a ausgebildet werden und die Membran 16a vzw. in einer Ebene liegend zwischen den Polplatten angeordnet wird.The
Deutlich erkennbar sind eine Mehrzahl von Wellenbergen 20 und Wellentälern 21 sowie die Wellenberge 20 und Wellentäler 21 miteinander verbindende und sich gegenüberliegende Flanken 22, auf denen die hier nicht dargestellten Leiterbahnen angeordnet sind. Hierbei liegt im wesentlichen zwischen zwei Wellenbergen 20 ein Wellental 21 und zwischen zwei benachbarten Wellentälern 21 jeweils ein Wellenberg 20, so dass eine entsprechende "Ziehharmonika-Form" wie in den jeweiligen Figuren angedeutet entsteht. Wie aus
Ferner ist durch die Polplatten 17 bzw. 18 ein vzw. statisches, nicht dargestelltes Magnetfeld bzw. ein elektrostatisches Magnetfeld erzeugbar. Auf die nicht dargestellten Leiterbahnen wirken seitwärts gerichtete Kräfte, wenn die Leiterbahnen von einem Strom durchflossen sind. Der Strom kann insbesondere ein Wechselstrom sein, der insbesondere proportional zu einem Audiosignal sein kann. Durch die seitlichen Kräfte werden im Betriebszustand die Lufttaschen 23 der hier dargestellten Membrananordnung 16 bzw. der Membran 16a komprimiert und geweitet - je nach Stromrichtung in den Leiterbahnen - wodurch von der Membrananordnung 16 Schallwellen 24 erzeugt werden. Benachbarte Flanken 22 der Membran 16a bewegen sich dabei entweder aufeinander zu oder voneinander weg.Further, by the
Die eingangs beschriebenen Nachteile sind nun dadurch vermieden, dass die Membrananordnung 16 mehrere Membransegmente - hier in
Die Membransegmente A, B und C sind dabei derart angeordnet, dass die von den Membransegmenten A, B und C ausgesandten Schallwellen 24 so überlagert werden, dass der Gesamtschall 24, wie aus einem akustischen Zentrum kommend erscheint. Das akustische Zentrum entspricht dabei einer - in
Unter einem gemeinsamen akustischen Zentrum ist hier zu verstehen, dass die jeweiligen Kreisbögenzentren der Schallwellen auf der Abstrahlachse S liegen und nicht seitlich versetzt zur Abstrahlachse. Solange die Kreisbögenzentren nahe genug auf der Abstrahlachse S beieinander liegen, erscheint der Klang als aus einem gemeinsamen akustischen Zentrum stammend. Dadurch lässt sich eine präzise Abbildung des Klangbildes erreichen. Anders ausgedrückt, den Kreisbögen 24a lässt sich eine geometrische erste punktförmige Schallquelle und den Kreisbögen 24b eine zweite geometrische punktförmige Schallquelle zuordnen, die einerseits jeweils auf der Abstrahlachse S liegen und andererseits so derart nahe beieinander liegen, dass für den Hörer ein gemeinsames akustisches Zentrum realisiert ist.A common acoustic center here means that the respective circular arc centers of the sound waves lie on the emission axis S and not laterally offset from the emission axis. As long as the circular arc centers are close enough to each other on the emission axis S, the sound appears as coming from a common acoustic center. This makes it possible to achieve a precise image of the sound image. In other words, it is possible for the
Die Membransegmente A, B und C sind symmetrisch zur Abstrahlachse S bzw. zur Abstrahlebene der Membrananordnung 16 angeordnet. Das Membransegment B ist in der Mitte zwischen den vorzugsweise gleich ausgestalteten äußeren Membransegmenten A und B angeordnet. Das mittlere Membransegment B ist zur Wiedergabe insbesondere eines Hochtonbereichs und die beiden äußeren Membransegmente A und C nur zur Wiedergabe eines Tieftonbereichs ausgebildet. Das Membransegment B erzeugt die Wellenfronten 24a des Hochtonbereichs und die beiden Membransegmente A und C erzeugen zusammen die Wellenfronten 24b des Tieftonbereichs. In anderer Ausgestaltung kann der Tieftonbereich auch durch alle Membransegmente zusammen wiedergegeben werden und der Hochtonbereich bspw. nur durch das mittlere Membransegment B.The membrane segments A, B and C are arranged symmetrically to the emission axis S or to the radiation plane of the
Das durch die Membrananordnung 16 wiederzugebende Frequenzspektrum kann bspw. von 700 Hz oder von 1Khz bis bspw. 20 Khz, vzw. sogar bis 30KHz betragen. Falls eine Membranordnung mit einer entsprechend großen Gesamtmembranfläche eingesetzt wird, kann sich der zu übertragende Frequenzbereich auch auf weniger als 1Khz vzw auch weniger als 700 Hz erstrecken. Das Frequenzspektrum kann in einen Hochtonbereich, vzw. von 3000 Hz bis über 20.000 Hz, und einen Tieftonbereich, vzw. von unter 1000 Hz bis 3000 Hz oder darüber, eingeteilt sein. In anderer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann das Frequenzspektrum auch in mehr als zwei Frequenzbereiche eingeteilt sein, wobei für jeden Frequenzbereich mindestens ein Membransegment vorgesehen sein kann.The frequency spectrum to be represented by the
Jedes Membransegment einer Membrananordnung bzw. einer Membran bildet daher eine für sich separate "schwingungsfähige Einheit" mit mehren diesen Membransegmenten zugeordneten Wellenbergen und Wellentälern, wobei jedem Membransegment vzw. ein bestimmter Frequenzbereich zugeordnet ist. Hierbei sind die Membransegmente dann so angeordnet und/oder ausgebildet, dass das akustische Zentrum gemeinsam für verschiedene Frequenzen bzw. für die verschiedenen Frequenzbereiche ist. Vzw. ist daher die Richtcharakteristik der Membrananordnung bzw. der Membran unabhängig von der Frequenz. Vzw. ist aber nun jedes Membransegment für einen bestimmten Frequenzbereich vorgesehen, bspw. für einen Hochtonbereich oder auch nur für einen Tieftonbereich.Each membrane segment of a membrane assembly or a membrane therefore forms a separate "oscillatory unit" with several of these membrane segments associated wave crests and wave troughs, each membrane segment vzw. a certain frequency range is assigned. Here, the membrane segments are then arranged and / or formed so that the acoustic center is common for different frequencies or for the different frequency ranges. Vzw. Therefore, the directivity of the membrane assembly and the membrane is independent of the frequency. Vzw. But now every membrane segment for a particular frequency range is provided, for example. For a high-frequency range or even for a low frequency range.
Die Unterteilung der Membrananordnung 16 in die drei Membransegmente A, B und C hat ferner den Vorteil, dass das Rundstrahlverhalten der Membrananordnung 16 verbessert ist. Die Grenze für ein akzeptables Rundstrahlverhalten ist vzw. dadurch festgelegt, dass die Ausdehnung der Membransegmente A, B und C in einer Richtung kleiner als die halbe Wellenlänge der zu erzeugenden Frequenz ist. Diese Bedingung ist für die der Tieftonwiedergabe zugeordneten Membransegmente A und C meist unkritisch. Für die Abstrahlcharakteristik der hohen Frequenzen ist nur die Ausdehnung des mittleren Membransegments B entscheidend. Da mit steigender abzustrahlender Frequenz die Membranausdehnung klein sein sollte, beträgt vzw. die Ausdehnung des Membransegments B zumindestens in horizontaler Richtung im wesentlichen weniger als die halbe Wellenlänge der oberen Grenzfrequenz des Hochtonfrequenzbereichs. Die Unterteilung der Membrananordnung 16 in ihre Membransegmente A, B und C ist hier in horizontaler Ausdehnung der Membrananordnung 16 erfolgt (Gesehen aus der Perspektive der aufragend aufgestellten Membrananordnung 16).The subdivision of the
Zur Wiedergabe von tiefen Frequenzen weist die Membrananordnung 16 vorzugsweise eine entsprechend große Fläche auf, insbesondere die Gesamtfläche der Membransegmente A und C ist hinreichend groß gewählt. Je tiefer die zu übertragende Frequenz der Membrananordnung 16 gewählt ist, desto größer ist vorzugsweise die Gesamtmembranfläche zur Wiedergabe der tiefsten Frequenz zu wählen. Bei geeigneter Wahl der Abmessungen ergibt sich eine in horizontaler Ebene bündelungsfreie Wiedergabe über den gesamten gewünschten Frequenzbereich.To reproduce low frequencies, the
Wie aus
Es sei angemerkt, dass die hier an drei Membransegmenten A, B und C angestellten Überlegungen analog auch für eine größere Anzahl von Membransegmenten, insbesondere auch für die folgenden Ausführungsbeispiele gelten, die noch beschrieben werden.It should be noted that the considerations made here on three membrane segments A, B and C analogously apply to a larger number of membrane segments, in particular for the following embodiments, which will be described.
Es gibt nun verschiedene Arten eine Membrananordnung in mehrere Membransegmente einzuteilen. Beispielsweise können die Membransegmente - wie bereits in den
Bei den bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen besteht also die Membrananordnung 16 bzw. 26 aus einer einzigen Membran, bspw. der Membran 16a, wobei die einzige Membran 16a in entsprechende Membransegmente, vzw. die Membransegmente A, B, C unterteilt ist. Hierbei wird ein Membransegment A, B bzw. C im wesentlichen definiert durch eine bestimmte Anzahl von Wellenbergen und Wellentälern, sowie insbesondere aus
Ferner können auch mehrere einzelne vzw. mäanderförmig ausgebildet Membranen vorgesehen sein, die dann entsprechende jeweilige Membransegmente bilden und beispielsweise in einem oder mehreren Rahmen zu einer Einheit als "Membranordnung" zusammengefasst sind. Dies ist abhängig vom jeweiligen Anwendungsfall.Furthermore, several individual vzw. Diaphragm-shaped membranes are provided, which then form corresponding respective membrane segments and are combined, for example in one or more frames to form a unit as a "membrane order". This depends on the particular application.
In den
Wie in
Die Membrananordnung 26 weist ein mittleres Membransegment B und seitlich dieses Membransegments B zwei äußere Membransegmente A und C auf. Zusätzlich sind ober- und unterhalb des Membransegments B und vorzugsweise auch ober- und unterhalb der seitlichen Membransegmente A und C zwei Membransegmente E und D angeordnet. Sowohl die äußeren, seitlichen Membransegmente A und C als auch die äußeren Membransegmente D und E sind symmetrisch zum mittleren Membransegment B angeordnet, so dass die gesamte Membrananordnung 26 eine gemeinsames akustisches Zentrum auf der Abstrahlachse S aufweist. Dieses akustische Zentrum ist in dieser Ausgestaltung für den Hörer - wie oben bereits zu den
Dieses in den
Diese beiden Membransegmente D und E geben vzw. nur den Tieftonbereich wieder und verhalten sich damit insbesondere wie die Membransegmente A und C. Das mittlere Membransegment B ist vzw. wieder für die Wiedergabe des Hochtonbereichs zuständig. Durch die Segmentierung der Membrananordnung 26 in horizontaler und nun auch in vertikaler Ebene wird ein in beiden Ebenen verbessertes Rundstrahlverhalten erreicht, wie es für die horizontale Ebene aus
Zur möglichen unteren Grenzfrequenz einzelner Membransegmente folgendes:For the possible lower limit frequency of individual membrane segments the following:
In dieser ausgelenkten Lage 32 ist der Radius r1 kleiner als der Radius r2. Die maximale Auslenkung von a, also "amax" ist vzw. nun so gewählt, dass die durch die Eigensteifigkeit des Membranmaterials wirkenden Federkräfte in den Radien r1 und r2 näherungsweise proportional zur Auslenkung sind. Je niedriger die zu erzeugende Frequenz ist, desto größer ist vzw. die Auslenkung der Membran, um einen hinreichenden Schalldruck zu erzeugen. Die untere Grenzfrequenz ist vzw. durch die Proportionalitätsbedingung der auftretenden Federkräfte im Verhältnis zur Auslenkung gewählt. Die untere Grenzfrequenz ist daher auch abhängig von den spezifischen Materialeigenschaften des Membransegments 30.
In this deflected
Zur möglichen oberen Grenzfrequenz einzelner Membransegmente folgendes:For the possible upper limit frequency of individual membrane segments the following:
Die
Bei fortschreitender Membranbewegung, die in
Gut erkennbar ist, dass die Widerstände Ra, Rb und Rc in Serie geschaltet sind.It can be clearly seen that the resistors Ra, Rb and Rc are connected in series.
An den Kontaktanschlüssen 40 und 41 kann ein Wechselstromsignal angelegt werden. Zu dem Widerstand Ra ist ein Kondensator Ca parallel geschaltet und zu dem Widerstand Rc ist entsprechend ein Kondensator Cc parallel geschaltet. Durch die Parallelschaltung der Kondensatoren Ca und Cc wird der Hochtonanteil des Wechselstromsignals an den Membransegmenten a und c vorbeigeleitet und daher nur von dem Membransegment b wiedergegeben. Durch diese Beschaltung ist der Phasenwinkel zwischen Strom und Spannung an den Membransegmenten a, b und c im Bereich der Übergangsfrequenz zwischen dem Hoch- und dem Tieftonbereich gleich. Dieser konstante Phasenwinkel garantiert, das keine Phasensprünge zwischen Hoch- und Tieftonsegmenten an der Übergangsfrequenz auftreten, was vom Gehör deutlich wahrgenommen werden könnte.At the
Der Tieftonanteil wird von den Kondensatoren vzw. nicht übertragen und fließt durch die elektrisch in Reihe geschalteten Segmente a, b und c. In diesem Tieftonbereich ist daher vzw. die ganze Membrananordnung aktiv und trägt zur Impedanz bei. Die Gesamtimpedanz der Schaltung ist frequenzabhängig. Für tiefe Frequenzen entspricht die Gesamtimpedanz im wesentlichen Ra+Rb+Rc. Bei gleichgroßen Membransegmenten a, b und c gilt Ra=Rb=Rc, d.h. die Gesamtimpedanz im Tieftonbereich ist gleich 3*Rb. Im Hochtonbereich tragen die Widerstände Ra und Rc nicht bei, da diese durch die Kondensatoren Ca und Cc überbrückt sind. Der Gesamtwiderstand im Hochtonbereich entspricht daher im wesentlichen nur Rb und beträgt damit nur ein Drittel der Gesamtimpedanz 3*Rb im Tieftonbereich.The bass frequency is vzw from the capacitors. not transmitted and flows through the electrically connected in series segments a, b and c. In this low frequency range is therefore vzw. the whole membrane arrangement is active and contributes to the impedance. The overall impedance of the circuit is frequency dependent. For low frequencies, the total impedance is essentially Ra + Rb + Rc. For equally sized membrane segments a, b and c, Ra = Rb = Rc, i. the total impedance in the low frequency range is equal to 3 * Rb. In the high-frequency range, the resistors Ra and Rc do not contribute, since they are bridged by the capacitors Ca and Cc. The total resistance in the high-frequency range therefore essentially corresponds only to Rb and thus amounts to only one third of the
Der Signalanteil, der nur über das Membransegment b, bzw den Widerstand Rb, wiedergegeben wird, erzeugt daher bei gleicher Amplitudenspannung einen dreifach höheren Strom durch Rb und übt damit eine dreifach höhere Kraft auf das Membransegment b aus. Dadurch wird im linearen Bereich der Wiedergabe eine dreifach höhere Membranauslenkung herbeigeführt. Hierdurch ist kompensiert, dass für den Hochtonbereich nur das Membransegment b vorgesehen ist, d.h. nur ein Drittel der Gesamtmembranfläche für die Hochtonwiedergabe eingesetzt wird.The signal component, which is reproduced only via the membrane segment b, or the resistor Rb, therefore generates at the same amplitude voltage a threefold higher current through Rb and thus exerts a threefold higher force on the membrane segment b. As a result, a threefold higher diaphragm deflection is brought about in the linear region of the reproduction. This compensates for the fact that only the membrane segment b is provided for the high-frequency range, ie only one third of the total diaphragm area is used for high-frequency reproduction.
Für andere Verhältnisse der Membransegmente a und b zu c gelten analoge Überlegungen, da durch das reziproke Verhältnis von Membranfläche F zur Impedanz
ein linearer Frequenzgang erzeugbar ist.For other ratios of the membrane segments a and b to c analogous considerations apply, as by the reciprocal ratio of membrane area F to impedance
a linear frequency response can be generated.
Vorzugsweise werden diese Schallwandler mit Verstärkern betrieben, wobei die Verstärker vzw. an den auftretenden, unterschiedlichen Impedanzen in Abhängigkeit von dem zu übertragenden Frequenzspektrum laststabil arbeiten.Preferably, these transducers are operated with amplifiers, the amplifiers vzw. at the occurring, different impedances depending on the frequency spectrum to be transmitted work stable.
so dass ein linearer Frequenzgang erzeugbar ist.
so that a linear frequency response can be generated.
Ferner ist vzw. die Höhe Hb des Luftspalts 48 im Bereich des Hochton Membransegments b kleiner als die Höhe Ha/c der Luftspalte 49 im Bereich der Tiefton-Membransegmente a und c. Der Luftspalt 49 ist durch zwei Polplatten 50 und 51 begrenzt. Der Luftspalt 48 ist hier bspw. einerseits durch die Polplatte 51 und andererseits durch ein zusätzliches Polplattenelement 52 begrenzt. Durch die geringere Ausdehnung der Faltung des Membransegmentes b in Richtung Hb, kann hier mit einem gegenüber der Höhe Ha/c reduzierten Luftspalt 48 gearbeitet werden. Vorzugsweise ist das im Luftspalt 48 des Hochton-Membransegments b wirkende Magnetfeld Bb stärker als das im Luftspalt 49 der Tiefton-Membransegmente a und c wirkende Magnetfeld Ba/c. Durch das stärkere Magnetfeld sind höhere Flankenauslenkungen erzeugbar. Hierdurch ist eine kompakte Bauform des mittleren Membransegments b erzielbar bei gleichzeitig genügendem zur Verfügung stehendem Schalldruck durch das Membransegment b. Die senkrecht zur Membrananordnung 47 orientierten Magnetfelder Bb und Ba/c sind durch Pfeile in der
Die Membrangeometrie ist durch die Membrananordnung 58 so gewählt, dass das Membransegment b nur den Hochtonbereich wiedergeben kann, der jenseits der oberen Grenzfrequenz der Membransegmente a und c liegt.The membrane geometry is selected by the
In
Ferner ist in dieser Ausgestaltung die Geometrie des Membransegments b so gewählt, dass das Membransegment b auch die untere Grenzfrequenz der Membransegmente a und c wiedergeben kann. Insbesondere ist der Radius R der Wellenberge und Wellentäler im Membransegment b entsprechend angepasst. Vzw. weisen die Membransegmente a, b und c eine Faltung mit dem gleichen Radius R auf, auch wenn die Tiefe der nicht näher bezeichneten Lufttaschen in den Membransegmenten a und c von der Tiefe der Lufttaschen des Membransegments abweicht. Wie bereits ausgeführt wird die untere Grenzfrequenz durch den Radius der Wellenberge und Wellentäler bestimmt. Hierdurch kann auf eine Frequenzweiche ganz verzichtet werden. Die Membransegmente a, b und c sind, wie in
Die in den
Aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Ansteuerungsmöglichkeiten der einzelnen Membransegmente A, B, C bzw. a, b, c, wie beschrieben, existiert vzw. ein Hochtonsegment und vzw. mehrere Niedrigtonsegmente, die entsprechend zueinander angeordnet sind, um insbesondere für den Zuhörer ein gemeinsames akustisches Zentrum zu bilden. Insbesondere können die einzelnen Membransegmente mit Hilfe einer elektrisch/elektronischen Steuereinheit entsprechend unterschiedlich angesteuert werden, vzw. weil die jeweiligen Leiterbahnen eines Membransegmentes anders elektrisch angesteuert werden als die jeweiligen Leiterbahnen eines anderen Membransegmentes. Auch durch die unterschiedliche Lufttaschentiefe der den jeweiligen Membransegmenten zugeordneten Lufttaschen kann die Zuordnung der Frequenzbereiche erfolgen bzw. so gesteuert werden. Denkbar ist auch, dass die einzelnen Membransegmente durch eine Mehrzahl, also von mehreren einzelnen Membranen gebildet werden, die in unterschiedlichen Rahmen entsprechend angeordnet sind. Dies bedeutet, dass die entsprechende Membrananordnung nicht, wie bei hier in den Fig. dargestellten bevorzugten Ausführungsformen aus einer einzigen Membran bestehen muss, sondern die Membrananordnung auch durch mehrere einzelne Membranen gebildet werden kann, wobei jede einzelne Membran dann ein entsprechendes einzelnes Membransegment bildet, und diese Membransegmente wiederum so ausgebildet und/oder angeordnet sind, dass - korrespondierend zu den obigen Ausführungen - die gesamte Membrananordnung ein im wesentlichen gemeinsames akustisches Zentrum aufweist. Auch dies ist abhängig vom jeweiligen Anwendungsfall.Due to the different control possibilities of the individual membrane segments A, B, C or a, b, c, as described, exists vzw. a tweeter segment and vzw. a plurality of low tone segments arranged corresponding to one another to form a common acoustic center, particularly for the listener. In particular, the individual membrane segments can be correspondingly controlled differently with the aid of an electrical / electronic control unit, vzw. because the respective interconnects of a membrane segment are electrically driven differently than the respective interconnects of another membrane segment. Also by the different air pocket depth of the respective membrane segments associated air pockets, the assignment of the frequency ranges can be carried out or so controlled. It is also conceivable that the individual membrane segments are formed by a plurality, that is, by a plurality of individual membranes, which are arranged correspondingly in different frames. This means that the corresponding membrane arrangement does not have to consist of a single membrane, as in the preferred embodiments shown here in the figures, but the membrane arrangement can also be formed by a plurality of individual membranes, each individual membrane then forming a corresponding individual membrane segment, and these membrane segments are in turn designed and / or arranged such that - corresponding to the above statements - the entire membrane arrangement has a substantially common acoustic center. This also depends on the particular application.
Aufgrund der Anordnung der Membransegmente zueinander sowie auch aufgrund der Ausbildung der unterschiedlichen Lufttaschen werden die entsprechenden Nachteile im Stand der Technik vermieden und insbesondere AMT-Lautsprecher mit einem optimalen Rundstrahlverhalten realisiert.Due to the arrangement of the membrane segments to each other and also due to the formation of the different air pockets, the corresponding disadvantages are avoided in the prior art and in particular realized AMT speakers with an optimal omnidirectional behavior.
- 11
- Membrananordnungdiaphragm assembly
- 1a1a
- Membranmembrane
- 22
- Leiterbahnconductor path
- 33
- WellenbergWellenberg
- 44
- Wellentaltrough
- 55
- Flankenflanks
- 66
- Lufttascheair pocket
- 6a6a
- Lufttascheair pocket
- 6b6b
- Lufttascheair pocket
- 6c6c
- Lufttascheair pocket
- 6d6d
- Lufttascheair pocket
- 6e6e
- Lufttascheair pocket
- 6f6f
- Lufttascheair pocket
- 6g6g
- Lufttascheair pocket
- 77
- Polplattepole plate
- 88th
- Polplattepole plate
- 99
- Luftspaltair gap
- 10a10a
- Rahmenteilframe part
- 10b10b
- Rahmenteilframe part
- 11a11a
- Seitenteilside panel
- 11b11b
- Seitenteilside panel
- 1212
- Schallöffnungensound holes
- 12a12a
- Schlitzeslots
- 1313
- Schallwellensound waves
- 1414
- Schallwellensound waves
- 1515
- Schallwandlertransducer
- 1616
- Membrananordnungdiaphragm assembly
- 16a16a
- Membranmembrane
- 1717
- Polplattenpole plates
- 1818
- Polplattenpole plates
- 1919
- Luftspaltair gap
- 2020
- WellenbergWellenberg
- 2121
- Wellentaltrough
- 2222
- Flankenflanks
- 2323
- Lufttaschenair bags
- 2424
- Schallwellensound waves
- 24a24a
- Wellenfrontenwavefronts
- 24b24b
- Wellenfrontenwavefronts
- 2525
- Schallwandlertransducer
- 2626
- Membrananordnungdiaphragm assembly
- 2727
- Polplattenpole plates
- 2828
- Polplattenpole plates
- 2929
- Luftspaltair gap
- 3030
- Teilbereichsubregion
- 3131
- Ausgangszustandinitial state
- 3232
- Auslenkungszustanddeflection state
- 3333
- Lufttascheair pocket
- 3434
- Teilbereichsubregion
- 3535
- maximal komprimierter Zustandmaximum compressed state
- 3636
- Ausgangszustandinitial state
- 3737
- Lufttascheair pocket
- 3838
- Schallwandlertransducer
- 3939
- Membrananordnungdiaphragm assembly
- 4040
- Kontaktanschlüssecontact terminals
- 4141
- Kontaktanschlüssecontact terminals
- 4242
- Kontaktanschlüssecontact terminals
- 4343
- Kontaktanschlüssecontact terminals
- 4444
- Kontaktanschlüssecontact terminals
- 4545
- Kontaktanschlüssecontact terminals
- 4646
- Schallwandlertransducer
- 4747
- Membrananordnungdiaphragm assembly
- 4848
- Luftspaltair gap
- 4949
- Luftspaltair gap
- 5050
- Polplattenpole plates
- 5151
- Polplattenpole plates
- 5252
- PolplattenelementPolplattenelement
- 5353
- Kontaktanschlüssecontact terminals
- 5454
- Kontaktanschlüssecontact terminals
- 5555
- Kontaktanschlüssecontact terminals
- 5656
- Kontaktanschlüssecontact terminals
- 5757
- Schallwandlertransducer
- 5858
- Membrananordnungdiaphragm assembly
- 5959
- Lufttaschenair bags
- 6060
- Lufttaschenair bags
- 6161
- Schallwandlertransducer
- 6262
- Membrananordnungdiaphragm assembly
- II
- Stromelectricity
- A, B, C, D, EA, B, C, D, E
- bzw. a, b, c Membransegmenteor a, b, c membrane segments
- VuVu
- Unterdruckvacuum
- Vkvk
- komprimierte Luftcompressed air
Claims (12)
- AMT loudspeaker having a diaphragm arrangement (16, 26, 39, 47, 62), wherein the diaphragm arrangement (16, 26, 39, 47, 62) has a single diaphragm (16a) of essentially meandrous design, wherein the diaphragm (16a) has, as a result of the meandrous design of the diaphragm (16a), air pockets (32, 59, 60) for producing sound, a plurality of wave peaks (20) and wave valleys (21) and also conductor tracks arranged on sides (22), wherein the frequency spectrum to be reproduced by the diaphragm (16a) is divided into a treble range and a bass range or into more than two frequency ranges and the diaphragm (16a) has a plurality of diaphragm segments (A, B, C; a, b, c) therefor, wherein each frequency range has at least one diaphragm segment (A, B, C; a, b, c) provided for it and the diaphragm segments (A, B, C; a, b, c) are arranged and/or designed such that the diaphragm (16a) has an essentially common acoustic centre, namely a central diaphragm segment (B; b) is designed for the reproduction of a treble range and a bass range and two outer diaphragm segments (A, C; a, c) are designed for the reproduction of a bass range, wherein an electrical circuit is provided and the diaphragm segments (A, B, C; a, b, c) are at least to some extent connected in series or the conductor tracks of the respective diaphragm segment (A, B, C; a, b, c) can be actuated in electrically different ways, characterized in that a treble component can be routed past the diaphragm segments (A, C) provided for bass transmission by means of a bypass element, wherein the individual diaphragm segments (A, B, C, a, b, c) are decoupled from one another in terms of oscillation, namely crosspiece-like elements are arranged on the bottom of the respective air pockets in the border regions between the diaphragm segments (A, B, C; a, b, c), so that each diaphragm segment (A, B, C; a, b, c) forms a separate oscillatable unit.
- AMT loudspeaker according to Claim 1, characterized in that the diaphragm arrangement (16, 26, 39, 47, 62) has a radiation axis (S) and the diaphragm segments (A, B, C; a, b, c) are arranged symmetrically with respect to the radiation axis (S).
- AMT loudspeaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the extent of the diaphragm segments (A, B, C) is essentially less than half the wavelength of the upper cut-off frequency of the frequency ranges.
- AMT loudspeaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface area of the diaphragm segments (A, B, C) matches the lower transmittable cut-off frequency of the diaphragm arrangement (16, 26, 39, 47, 62).
- AMT loudspeaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the depth of the air pockets is attuned particularly to the radius of the wave peak or wave valley of the air pocket.
- AMT loudspeaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the depth (T') of the air pockets of the diaphragm segment (B) provided for treble transmission is less than the depth (T) of the air pockets of the diaphragm segments (A, C) provided for bass transmission.
- AMT loudspeaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that outer diaphragm segments (D, E) are arranged above and below the central diaphragm segment (B).
- AMT loudspeaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diaphragm segments (A, B, C, D, E) are in essentially rectangular or square form.
- AMT loudspeaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ratio of the diaphragm surface area of an individual diaphragm segment to the total diaphragm surface area is reciprocal in its behaviour with respect to the ratio of the impedance of the individual diaphragm segment to the total impedance of all diaphragm segments.
- AMT loudspeaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that to implement the oscillatory decoupling of the diaphragm segments (A, B, C) in the cross-over areas, "buffer zones" are implemented by virtue of air pockets having no conductor tracks at this point.
- AMT loudspeaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diaphragm segments (A, B, C) are arranged in an air gap between pole plates (50, 51).
- AMT loudspeaker according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diaphragm segment (B) intended for the treble reproduction is arranged in an air gap of lesser height than the diaphragm segments (A, C) for the bass reproduction.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007029560A DE102007029560B4 (en) | 2007-06-26 | 2007-06-26 | Membrane arrangement for an air-motion transformer (AMT) and sound transducer with such a membrane arrangement |
PCT/EP2008/005149 WO2009000519A1 (en) | 2007-06-26 | 2008-06-25 | Diaphragm arrangement for an air motion transformer (amt), and sound converter comprising such a diaphragm arrangement |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2158789A1 EP2158789A1 (en) | 2010-03-03 |
EP2158789B1 true EP2158789B1 (en) | 2010-10-13 |
Family
ID=40010707
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08773654A Not-in-force EP2158789B1 (en) | 2007-06-26 | 2008-06-25 | Diaphragm arrangement for an air motion transformer (amt), and sound converter comprising such a diaphragm arrangement |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2158789B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE484923T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE102007029560B4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009000519A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012000499A1 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2012-12-06 | Mundorf Eb Gmbh | Sound transducer e.g. air motion transformer for public address system used in e.g. building, has fan that is provided for producing cool air for cooling membrane portion which is arranged in air gap between pole plates |
US10595108B2 (en) | 2015-07-24 | 2020-03-17 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Speaker apparatus and electronic apparatus including same |
EP3734997A1 (en) | 2019-05-03 | 2020-11-04 | Hedd Audio GmbH | Membrane for an acoustic transducer |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2524550A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2015-09-30 | Nokia Technologies Oy | An apparatus and method of providing an acoustic signal |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3636278A (en) * | 1969-02-19 | 1972-01-18 | Heil Scient Lab Inc | Acoustic transducer with a diaphragm forming a plurality of adjacent narrow air spaces open only at one side with the open sides of adjacent air spaces alternatingly facing in opposite directions |
US3832499A (en) * | 1973-01-08 | 1974-08-27 | O Heil | Electro-acoustic transducer |
AUPO832797A0 (en) * | 1997-07-30 | 1997-08-28 | Alsop, Glen | Electro-acoustic transducer |
US6535612B1 (en) * | 1998-12-07 | 2003-03-18 | American Technology Corporation | Electroacoustic transducer with diaphragm securing structure and method |
-
2007
- 2007-06-26 DE DE102007029560A patent/DE102007029560B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-06-25 EP EP08773654A patent/EP2158789B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-06-25 DE DE502008001544T patent/DE502008001544D1/en active Active
- 2008-06-25 AT AT08773654T patent/ATE484923T1/en active
- 2008-06-25 WO PCT/EP2008/005149 patent/WO2009000519A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012000499A1 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2012-12-06 | Mundorf Eb Gmbh | Sound transducer e.g. air motion transformer for public address system used in e.g. building, has fan that is provided for producing cool air for cooling membrane portion which is arranged in air gap between pole plates |
DE102012000499B4 (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2013-01-31 | Mundorf Eb Gmbh | Sound transducers, namely air-motion transformers |
US10595108B2 (en) | 2015-07-24 | 2020-03-17 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Speaker apparatus and electronic apparatus including same |
EP3734997A1 (en) | 2019-05-03 | 2020-11-04 | Hedd Audio GmbH | Membrane for an acoustic transducer |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102007029560A1 (en) | 2009-01-02 |
DE102007029560B4 (en) | 2010-02-18 |
ATE484923T1 (en) | 2010-10-15 |
WO2009000519A1 (en) | 2008-12-31 |
EP2158789A1 (en) | 2010-03-03 |
DE502008001544D1 (en) | 2010-11-25 |
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