EP2158024A1 - Liquid purification system using a medium pressure membrane - Google Patents

Liquid purification system using a medium pressure membrane

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Publication number
EP2158024A1
EP2158024A1 EP08763260A EP08763260A EP2158024A1 EP 2158024 A1 EP2158024 A1 EP 2158024A1 EP 08763260 A EP08763260 A EP 08763260A EP 08763260 A EP08763260 A EP 08763260A EP 2158024 A1 EP2158024 A1 EP 2158024A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
branch
chambers
chamber
supply
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08763260A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-François TREYVAUD
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SWISS FRESH WATER SA
Original Assignee
SWISS FRESH WATER SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SWISS FRESH WATER SA filed Critical SWISS FRESH WATER SA
Publication of EP2158024A1 publication Critical patent/EP2158024A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
    • B01D61/026—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration comprising multiple reverse osmosis steps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
    • B01D2311/13—Use of sweep gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
    • B01D2311/25—Recirculation, recycling or bypass, e.g. recirculation of concentrate into the feed
    • B01D2311/253—Bypassing of feed
    • B01D2311/2531—Bypassing of feed to permeate side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
    • B01D2313/08—Flow guidance means within the module or the apparatus
    • B01D2313/083—Bypass routes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2317/00—Membrane module arrangements within a plant or an apparatus
    • B01D2317/02—Elements in series
    • B01D2317/025—Permeate series
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of the purification of a liquid by passage through membranes.
  • the present invention relates to the field of desalination of water, in particular for example seawater.
  • Reverse osmosis is one of the processes used, especially for desalination of seawater. This process is extensively described in the literature (for example in the Degrémont Water Survey).
  • Reverse osmosis is a system for purifying water by passing it through a semi-permeable membrane which preferentially retains the dissolved compounds while allowing water to pass under the effect of the pressure applied.
  • the disadvantages of reverse osmosis are: the lifetime of the membranes (usually about 3 to 5 years) water losses: indeed, the concentrate that contains all the salts that have not crossed the membrane or membranes contains too much salt and represents a loss; the energy consumed by the pressurizing pump: the applied pressure must be greater than the osmotic pressure.
  • the osmotic pressure is about 29 bar and the pressure usually applied to cause a flow of reverse osmosis is usually of the order of 50 to 60 bars;
  • US Pat. No. 6,187,200 describes a device using reverse osmosis to desalt seawater.
  • the water to be desalinated is injected under pressure (by a pump) into a first stage of which outputs a first diluted stream and a first concentrated stream.
  • This first concentrated stream is injected under pressure (by a pump) into a second stage which in turn exits a second diluted stream and a second concentrated stream.
  • the second flow diluted and mixed with the first diluted stream and the second concentrated stream is used in an energy recovery system.
  • An object of the invention is to improve the methods and devices known for the purification of water or other liquids by reverse osmosis.
  • one of the objects of the invention is to propose a liquid purification system and method that optimizes energy consumption, even without resorting to a mechanical recovery device.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a system and a method that are simple to implement and inexpensive.
  • the system according to the invention uses reverse osmosis and a flow distribution in a particular way to purify water at a lower pressure than that usually used, which has the effect of reducing the energy consumption and allowing a more rudimentary construction that optimizes the costs of building the system.
  • the use of the system according to the invention is particularly ideal for the desalination of seawater.
  • One of the principles of the invention is to carry out the purification in several stages, the first stage being dedicated to a predilution of the flow of raw water.
  • the predilution is carried out by feeding the semi-permeable membrane not only on the concentrate side (side A), but also on the permeate side (side B) with a liquid of the same concentration or a concentration close to to separate.
  • the concentration of compounds to be separated is then similar on both sides of the membrane.
  • the osmotic pressure is greatly reduced and the pressure to be applied to cause a flow of water through the membrane is greatly reduced.
  • the liquid thus obtained on the permeate side (side B) is a mixture between a highly charged portion of solute that comes from the feed and the liquid with very little solute that has passed through the membrane.
  • the resulting average concentration is highly diluted relative to the raw water supply and can be easily processed at medium pressure in a conventional reverse osmosis system.
  • the system according to the invention also functions with liquids of different concentration
  • the system according to the invention can be mounted in combination (in series and / or in parallel) with each other and / or with other conventional reverse osmosis stages.
  • the overall energy consumption of a system comprising a predilution stage implementing the principle of the invention is significantly reduced.
  • a mechanical energy recovery system is an additional possibility to optimize energy consumption.
  • Figure 1 shows a first embodiment
  • Figure 2 shows a second embodiment.
  • Figure 3 shows a third embodiment.
  • Figure 4 shows a fourth embodiment.
  • a liquid for example salt water with a concentration of 36 g / l
  • a separation element 3 which uses the principle of reverse osmosis.
  • the liquid is separated into two flows, one of the flows arriving directly in the separating element (B side) and the other flow being pressurized, for example by a pump 4 or other equivalent means, before entering the separating element on the other side of the membrane (side A).
  • a pump 4 or other equivalent means for example by a pump 4 or other equivalent means
  • the pump 3 is placed upstream of the separation of the fluid flows and a pressure reducer 7 is then added to the feed on the B side in order to obtain a pressure difference in the separating element 2 according to the principle of reverse osmosis.
  • a pressure reducer 7 is then added to the feed on the B side in order to obtain a pressure difference in the separating element 2 according to the principle of reverse osmosis.
  • FIG. 4 a two-stage embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown.
  • this mode (on the left of the figure) there is represented as a first stage a processing device corresponding to that of FIG. 1 (with the same references) and the description made above of this mode applies in a corresponding.
  • This first stage which is used as a predilution stage, is followed downstream of a second dilute liquid treatment stage, comprising a pressurizing means 4 '(for example a pump), a separation element 3' (with the chambers A 'and B') providing on the one hand a concentrated liquid 5 'and on the other a diluted liquid 6'.
  • a pressurizing means 4 ' for example a pump
  • a separation element 3' with the chambers A 'and B'
  • the first stage used in the mode of FIG. 4 can be that of FIG. 1, or 2 or 3 in an equivalent manner and FIG. 4 only serves to illustrate an embodiment possibility.
  • Other possibilities may include a cascade of several successive elements.
  • the invention can be used for other applications than desalination of water and for liquids other than water.

Abstract

The invention relates to a reverse-osmosis purification system that comprises at least one liquid supply (1) for supplying a liquid to be processed simultaneously into two chambers (A1B) of a separation member (3), said chambers being separated by a semi-pervious membrane, the liquid being fed into one chamber at a pressure higher than that of the liquid in the other chamber, said separation member (3) providing at the outlet a concentrated liquid (5) and a diluted liquid (6).

Description

Système de purification de liquide par membrane à moyenne pression- Medium Pressure Membrane Liquid Purification System-
Domaine de l'inventionField of the invention
La présente invention concerne le domaine de la purification d'un liquide par passage au travers de membranes.The present invention relates to the field of the purification of a liquid by passage through membranes.
En particulier, la présente invention concerne le domaine du dessalement de l'eau, notamment par exemple de l'eau de mer.In particular, the present invention relates to the field of desalination of water, in particular for example seawater.
Etat de la techniqueState of the art
On connaît dans l'état de la technique de nombreux systèmes de purification de l'eau.Numerous systems for purifying water are known in the state of the art.
L'osmose inverse est l'un des procédés utilisés, en particulier pour le dessalement de l'eau de mer. Ce processus est abondamment décrit dans la littérature (par exemple dans le Mémento de l'eau Degrémont).Reverse osmosis is one of the processes used, especially for desalination of seawater. This process is extensively described in the literature (for example in the Degrémont Water Survey).
L'osmose inverse est un système de purification d'eau par passage sous pression au travers d'une membrane semi-perméable qui retient préférentiel lement les composés dissous tout en laissant traverser l'eau sous l'effet de la pression appliquée.Reverse osmosis is a system for purifying water by passing it through a semi-permeable membrane which preferentially retains the dissolved compounds while allowing water to pass under the effect of the pressure applied.
Si l'on considère de l'eau comportant des solutés, particulièrement du sel et si l'on met deux solutions de concentrations différentes de chaque côté d'une membrane filtre, l'eau franchit celle-ci jusqu'à ce que les concentrations s'équilibrent : c'est le phénomène de l'osmose. En exerçant une pression hydrostatique en sens opposé, on contre la pression osmotique et on force l'eau à franchir la membrane dans le sens inverse, ce qui permet d'obtenir d'un côté de l'eau dont les solutés sont plus dilués (donc une eau plus pure), appelé perméat, et de l'autre côté une eau plus concentrée appelé concentrât.If one considers water containing solutes, especially salt and if one puts two solutions of different concentrations on each side of a membrane filter, the water crosses it until the concentrations equilibrate: this is the phenomenon of osmosis. By exerting a hydrostatic pressure in the opposite direction, it is against the osmotic pressure and force the water to cross the membrane in the opposite direction, which makes it possible to obtain a the side of the water whose solutes are more diluted (therefore purer water), called permeate, and on the other side a more concentrated water called concentrate.
Les inconvénients de l'osmose inverse sont : la durée de vie des membranes (usuellement environ 3 à 5 ans ) les pertes en eau : en effet, le concentrât qui contient tous les sels qui n'ont pas traversé la ou les membranes contient trop de sel et représente une perte ; l'énergie consommée par la pompe de mise en pression : la pression appliquée doit être supérieure à la pression osmotique. Par exemple, dans le cas de l'eau de mer contenant environ 36 g/l de sel, la pression osmotique est d'environ 29 bars et la pression appliquée usuellement pour provoquer un flux d'osmose inverse est habituellement de l'ordre de 50 à 60 bars ;The disadvantages of reverse osmosis are: the lifetime of the membranes (usually about 3 to 5 years) water losses: indeed, the concentrate that contains all the salts that have not crossed the membrane or membranes contains too much salt and represents a loss; the energy consumed by the pressurizing pump: the applied pressure must be greater than the osmotic pressure. For example, in the case of seawater containing about 36 g / l of salt, the osmotic pressure is about 29 bar and the pressure usually applied to cause a flow of reverse osmosis is usually of the order of 50 to 60 bars;
II existe des dispositifs techniques qui permettent d'optimiser la consommation d'énergie. Il est notamment possible d'utiliser des systèmes mécaniques de récupération d'énergie, comme par exemple des turbines Pelton, qui permettent de récupérer l'énergie contenue dans le concentrât pour mettre en pression l'eau brute. Ces systèmes sont couramment mis en œuvre dans des installations de taille industrielle, mais sont difficiles à mettre en œuvre dans des installations de petite taille.There are technical devices that make it possible to optimize energy consumption. It is in particular possible to use mechanical energy recovery systems, such as Pelton turbines, which recover the energy contained in the concentrate to pressurize the raw water. These systems are commonly implemented in industrial scale installations, but are difficult to implement in small installations.
Il est également possible d'optimiser la consommation d'énergie et les pertes en eau en assemblant plusieurs étages d'osmose inverse, combinés en série ou en parallèle.It is also possible to optimize energy consumption and water losses by assembling multiple stages of reverse osmosis, combined in series or in parallel.
A titre d'exemple, le brevet US 6,187,200 décrit un dispositif utilisant l'osmose inverse pour dessaler l'eau de mer. Dans le système illustré, l'eau à dessaler est injectée sous pression (par une pompe) dans un premier étage duquel sort un premier flux dilué et un premier flux concentré. Ce premier flux concentré est injecté sous pression (par une pompe) dans un deuxième étage duquel sort à son tour un deuxième flux dilué et un deuxième flux concentré. Le deuxième flux dilué et mélangé au premier flux dilué et le deuxième flux concentré est utilisé dans un système de récupération d'énergie.By way of example, US Pat. No. 6,187,200 describes a device using reverse osmosis to desalt seawater. In the illustrated system, the water to be desalinated is injected under pressure (by a pump) into a first stage of which outputs a first diluted stream and a first concentrated stream. This first concentrated stream is injected under pressure (by a pump) into a second stage which in turn exits a second diluted stream and a second concentrated stream. The second flow diluted and mixed with the first diluted stream and the second concentrated stream is used in an energy recovery system.
Principe généralGeneral principle
Un but de l'invention est d'améliorer les procédés et dispositifs connus pour la purification d'eau on d'autres liquides par osmose inverse.An object of the invention is to improve the methods and devices known for the purification of water or other liquids by reverse osmosis.
Plus particulièrement, un des buts de l'invention est de proposer un système et un procédé de purification de liquide qui optimise la consommation d'énergie, même sans avoir recours à un dispositif mécanique de récupération.More particularly, one of the objects of the invention is to propose a liquid purification system and method that optimizes energy consumption, even without resorting to a mechanical recovery device.
Un autre but de l'invention est de proposer un système et un procédé qui soient simples à mettre en œuvre et peu coûteux.Another object of the invention is to provide a system and a method that are simple to implement and inexpensive.
Le système selon l'invention utilise l'osmose inverse et une répartition des flux de manière particulière pour purifier de l'eau à une pression plus basse que celle utilisée usuellement, ce qui a pour effet de réduire la consommation d'énergie et de permettre une construction plus rudimentaire qui optimise les coûts de construction du système. L'utilisation du système selon l'invention est notamment idéale pour le dessalement d'eau de mer.The system according to the invention uses reverse osmosis and a flow distribution in a particular way to purify water at a lower pressure than that usually used, which has the effect of reducing the energy consumption and allowing a more rudimentary construction that optimizes the costs of building the system. The use of the system according to the invention is particularly ideal for the desalination of seawater.
Description détailléedetailed description
L'un des principes de l'invention est de réaliser la purification en plusieurs étages, le premier étage étant dédié à une prédilution du flux d'eau brute.One of the principles of the invention is to carry out the purification in several stages, the first stage being dedicated to a predilution of the flow of raw water.
Dans ce premier étage, la prédilution est réalisée en alimentant la membrane semi-perméable non seulement du côté concentrât (côté A) , mais également du côté perméat (côté B) avec un liquide de même concentration ou d'une concentration proche en composés à séparer. La concentration en composés à séparer est alors similaire de part et d'autre de la membrane. Par rapport à tous les systèmes traditionnels qui ne réalisent pas d'alimentation du côté perméat, la pression osmotique est ainsi grandement réduite et la pression à appliquer pour provoquer un flux d'eau au travers de la membrane est ainsi grandement réduite.In this first stage, the predilution is carried out by feeding the semi-permeable membrane not only on the concentrate side (side A), but also on the permeate side (side B) with a liquid of the same concentration or a concentration close to to separate. The concentration of compounds to be separated is then similar on both sides of the membrane. Compared to all conventional systems that do not provide feed on the permeate side, the osmotic pressure is greatly reduced and the pressure to be applied to cause a flow of water through the membrane is greatly reduced.
Le liquide ainsi obtenu du côté perméat (coté B ) est un mélange entre une partie fortement chargée en soluté qui provient de l'alimentation et le liquide très peu chargé en soluté qui a traversé la membrane. La concentration moyenne résultante est fortement diluée par rapport à l'alimentation en eau brute et peut être facilement traitée à moyenne pression dans un système d'osmose inverse traditionnel.The liquid thus obtained on the permeate side (side B) is a mixture between a highly charged portion of solute that comes from the feed and the liquid with very little solute that has passed through the membrane. The resulting average concentration is highly diluted relative to the raw water supply and can be easily processed at medium pressure in a conventional reverse osmosis system.
Le système selon l'invention fonctionne également avec des liquides de concentration différente,The system according to the invention also functions with liquids of different concentration,
Le système selon l'invention peut être monté en combinaison ( en série et/ou en parallèle) entre eux et/ou avec d'autres étages d'osmose inverse traditionnels.The system according to the invention can be mounted in combination (in series and / or in parallel) with each other and / or with other conventional reverse osmosis stages.
La consommation d'énergie globale d'un système comportant un étage de prédilution mettant en œuvre le principe de l'invention est réduite de manière significative.The overall energy consumption of a system comprising a predilution stage implementing the principle of the invention is significantly reduced.
Un système de récupération mécanique d'énergie est une possibilité additionnelle pour optimiser la consommation d'énergie.A mechanical energy recovery system is an additional possibility to optimize energy consumption.
Les figures annexées représentent différentes configurations possibles du système, à titre d'exemples non-limitatifs.The appended figures represent various possible configurations of the system, by way of non-limiting examples.
La figure 1 montre un premier mode d'exécution.Figure 1 shows a first embodiment.
La figure 2 montre un deuxième mode d'exécution. La figure 3 montre un troisième mode d'exécution.Figure 2 shows a second embodiment. Figure 3 shows a third embodiment.
La figure 4 montre un quatrième mode d'exécution.Figure 4 shows a fourth embodiment.
Dans le premier mode (figure 1 ), un liquide, par exemple de l'eau salée avec une concentration de 36 gr/l, est contenu dans un réservoir 1. Depuis ce réservoir, le liquide est amené par une alimentation 2, 2' dans un élément de séparation 3 qui utilise le principe de l'osmose inverse. Avant d'arriver dans cet élément 3, le liquide est séparé en deux flux, l'un des flux arrivant directement dans l'élément de séparation (côté B) et l'autre flux étant mis sous pression, par exemple par une pompe 4 ou un autre moyen équivalent, avant d'entrer dans l'élément de séparation de l'autre côté de la membrane (côté A). Ainsi, dans cet élément, on trouve des deux côtés du filtre d'osmose inverse le même liquide, mais d'un coté (A) le liquide est sous une pression plus élevée par rapport à l'autre côté (B). Grâce au principe de l'osmose inverse, à la sortie de l'élément de séparation 3 on obtient d'une part un liquide concentré 5 et d'autre part un liquide dilué 6.In the first mode (FIG. 1), a liquid, for example salt water with a concentration of 36 g / l, is contained in a reservoir 1. From this reservoir, the liquid is fed through a feed 2, 2 '. in a separation element 3 which uses the principle of reverse osmosis. Before entering this element 3, the liquid is separated into two flows, one of the flows arriving directly in the separating element (B side) and the other flow being pressurized, for example by a pump 4 or other equivalent means, before entering the separating element on the other side of the membrane (side A). Thus, in this element, one finds on both sides of the reverse osmosis filter the same liquid, but on one side (A) the liquid is under a higher pressure compared to the other side (B). Thanks to the principle of reverse osmosis, at the outlet of the separation element 3, a concentrated liquid 5 is obtained on the one hand and a diluted liquid 6 on the other hand.
Dans le deuxième mode (figure 2), on utilise deux sources de liquide dans deux réservoirs 1 et 1 '. Ceci permet, entre autres, l'emploi de liquides avec des concentrations différentes. Comme précédemment, l'un des liquides est mis sous pression par rapport à l'autre, par exemple au moyen d'une pompe 4. Les autres éléments similaires à ceux décrits en référence à la figure 1 sont référencés de manière identique et la description donnée ci-dessus s'applique de façon équivalente. Bien entendu, d'autres moyens équivalents peuvent être utilisés pour effectuer cette mise sous pression. En outre, on pourrait aussi utiliser deux pompes (une pour chaque liquide), fournissant du liquide à des pressions différentes dans l'élément de séparation 3 selon le principe de l'invention. Dans le troisième mode (figure 3), on place la pompe 3 en amont de la séparation des flux de fluide et on rajoute alors un réducteur de pression 7 sur l'alimentation du coté B afin d'obtenir une différence de pression dans l'élément de séparation 2 selon le principe de l'osmose inverse. Les autres éléments similaires aux modes d'exécution des figures 1 et 2 sont référencés de manière identique.In the second mode (Figure 2), two liquid sources are used in two tanks 1 and 1 '. This allows, among other things, the use of liquids with different concentrations. As before, one of the liquids is pressurized with respect to the other, for example by means of a pump 4. The other elements similar to those described with reference to FIG. 1 are referenced identically and the description given above applies equally. Of course, other equivalent means can be used to perform this pressurization. In addition, one could also use two pumps (one for each liquid), providing liquid at different pressures in the separating element 3 according to the principle of the invention. In the third mode (FIG. 3), the pump 3 is placed upstream of the separation of the fluid flows and a pressure reducer 7 is then added to the feed on the B side in order to obtain a pressure difference in the separating element 2 according to the principle of reverse osmosis. Other elements similar to the embodiments of Figures 1 and 2 are referenced identically.
Dans le quatrième mode (figure 4), on montre un mode d'exécution à deux étages du dispositif selon l'invention. Dans ce mode, (sur la gauche de la figure) on a représenté comme premier étage un dispositif de traitement correspondant à celui de la figure 1 (avec les mêmes références) et la description faite ci- dessus de ce mode s'applique de façon correspondante. Ce premier étage, qui est utilisé comme étage de prédilution, est suivi en aval d'un deuxième étage de traitement du liquide dilué, comprenant un moyen de mise en pression 4' (par exemple une pompe), un élément de séparation 3' (avec les chambres A' et B') fournissant en sortie d'une part un liquide concentré 5' et d'autre part un liquide dilué 6'.In the fourth mode (FIG. 4), a two-stage embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown. In this mode, (on the left of the figure) there is represented as a first stage a processing device corresponding to that of FIG. 1 (with the same references) and the description made above of this mode applies in a corresponding. This first stage, which is used as a predilution stage, is followed downstream of a second dilute liquid treatment stage, comprising a pressurizing means 4 '(for example a pump), a separation element 3' ( with the chambers A 'and B') providing on the one hand a concentrated liquid 5 'and on the other a diluted liquid 6'.
Comme on le comprend, le premier étage utilisé dans le mode de la figure 4 peut être celui de la figure 1 , ou 2 ou 3 de façon équivalente et la figure 4 ne sert qu'à illustrer une possibilité de réalisation. D'autres possibilités peuvent comprendre une cascade de plusieurs éléments successifs.As can be understood, the first stage used in the mode of FIG. 4 can be that of FIG. 1, or 2 or 3 in an equivalent manner and FIG. 4 only serves to illustrate an embodiment possibility. Other possibilities may include a cascade of several successive elements.
Bien entendu, les exemples indiqués sont donnés à titre indicatif, non-limitatif, et des variations sont possibles dans la mise en œuvre de l'étage de prédilution. On peut également utiliser le système selon l'invention en série et / ou en parallèle en employant plusieurs étages.Of course, the examples given are indicative, non-limiting, and variations are possible in the implementation of the predilution stage. The system according to the invention can also be used in series and / or in parallel by employing several stages.
De même, l'invention peut être utilisée pour d'autres applications que le dessalement de l'eau et pour d'autres liquides que l'eau. Likewise, the invention can be used for other applications than desalination of water and for liquids other than water.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Système de purification par osmose inverse comprenant au moins une alimentation en liquide (1 ) fournissant un liquide à traiter simultanément dans deux chambres (A1B) d'un élément de séparation (3), lesdites chambres étant séparées par une membrane semi perméable , le liquide étant amené dans l'une des chambres à une pression supérieure à celle du liquide dans l'autre chambre, ledit élément de séparation (3) fournissant en sortie un liquide concentré (5) et un liquide dilué (6).A reverse osmosis purification system comprising at least one liquid supply (1) providing a liquid to be treated simultaneously in two chambers (A 1 B) of a separating element (3), said chambers being separated by a semi membrane permeable, the liquid being fed into one of the chambers at a higher pressure than that of the liquid in the other chamber, said separating member (3) providing at the outlet a concentrated liquid (5) and a diluted liquid (6).
2. Système selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel l'alimentation en liquide comprend une alimentation en deux branches (2,2'), dont l'une au moins est mise sous pression par un moyen de mise en pression (4) et l'autre comprend un bypass (2') dudit moyen, chaque branche alimentant une chambre (A1B) dudit élément de séparation (2).2. System according to claim 1, wherein the supply of liquid comprises a supply of two branches (2, 2 '), at least one of which is pressurized by a pressurizing means (4) and the other comprises a bypass (2 ') of said means, each branch feeding a chamber (A 1 B) of said separating element (2).
3. Système selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, dans lequel l'alimentation en liquide comprend une alimentation en deux branches indépendantes (2,2'), dont l'une au moins est mise sous pression par un moyen de mise en pression (4), chaque branche alimentant une chambre (A1B) dudit élément de séparation (2) et chaque branche étant reliée à un réservoir (1 , 1 ').3. System according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the liquid supply comprises a supply of two independent branches (2,2 '), at least one is pressurized by a means of implementation pressure (4), each branch supplying a chamber (A 1 B) of said separating element (2) and each branch being connected to a reservoir (1, 1 ').
4. Système selon l'une des revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel l'alimentation comprend une première branche (2) mise sous pression par un moyen de mise en pression (4) pour l'alimentation de la première chambre (A) et une deuxième branche (2') issue de ladite première branche en aval dudit moyen de mise en pression (4), ladite deuxième branche comprenant un réducteur de pression (7) pour l'alimentation de la deuxième chambre (B) à une pression réduite par rapport à celle de la première chambre (A).4. System according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the supply comprises a first branch (2) pressurized by a pressurizing means (4) for feeding the first chamber (A) and a second branch (2 ') issuing from said first branch downstream of said pressurizing means (4), said second branch comprising a pressure reducer (7) for feeding the second chamber (B) at a reduced pressure compared to that of the first chamber (A).
5. Système comprenant comme étage de prédilution un système selon l'une des revendications précédentes et comprenant de plus au moins un deuxième étage (3') de séparation à membrane semi perméable dans lequel le liquide dilué (6) est amené, afin d'être séparé d'un côté en un liquide purifié (6') et de l'autre un liquide concentré (5').5. System comprising as a predilution stage a system according to one of the preceding claims and further comprising at least one second stage (3 ') of semipermeable membrane separation in which the diluted liquid (6) is fed, in order to be separated on one side into a purified liquid (6') and on the other a concentrated liquid (5); ').
6. Dispositif de traitement de liquides, par exemple de l'eau, comprenant plusieurs systèmes selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5.6. Device for treating liquids, for example water, comprising a plurality of systems according to one of claims 1 to 5.
7. Procédé de traitement utilisant au moins un système selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5 ou un dispositif selon la revendication 6.7. Treatment method using at least one system according to one of claims 1 to 5 or a device according to claim 6.
8. Procédé de traitement de liquide chargé en composés dissous comprenant les étapes suivantes:8. A liquid treatment method loaded with dissolved compounds comprising the following steps:
-) on amène le liquide à traiter dans deux chambres d'un élément de séparation, lesdites chambres étant séparées par une membrane semi- perméable et ledit liquide étant sous pression dans l'une desdites chambres de façon à réaliser un effet d'osmose inverse,-) brings the liquid to be treated in two chambers of a separating element, said chambers being separated by a semipermeable membrane and said liquid being under pressure in one of said chambers so as to achieve a reverse osmosis effect ,
-) on récupère en sortie du l'élément de séparation un liquide concentré et un liquide dilué.-) is recovered at the outlet of the separation element a concentrated liquid and a diluted liquid.
9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, dans lequel on effectue plusieurs étapes successives d'osmose inverse. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein one carries out several successive stages of reverse osmosis.
EP08763260A 2007-06-08 2008-06-09 Liquid purification system using a medium pressure membrane Withdrawn EP2158024A1 (en)

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AU2008259415A1 (en) 2008-12-11
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US20100294718A1 (en) 2010-11-25
CN101720249A (en) 2010-06-02

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