EP2122611A1 - Digital method for authenticating a person and arrangement for performing the same - Google Patents
Digital method for authenticating a person and arrangement for performing the sameInfo
- Publication number
- EP2122611A1 EP2122611A1 EP08708336A EP08708336A EP2122611A1 EP 2122611 A1 EP2122611 A1 EP 2122611A1 EP 08708336 A EP08708336 A EP 08708336A EP 08708336 A EP08708336 A EP 08708336A EP 2122611 A1 EP2122611 A1 EP 2122611A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- voice
- sample
- speech
- predetermined
- unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 56
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013479 data entry Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013518 transcription Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001755 vocal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L17/00—Speaker identification or verification techniques
- G10L17/06—Decision making techniques; Pattern matching strategies
- G10L17/14—Use of phonemic categorisation or speech recognition prior to speaker recognition or verification
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L17/00—Speaker identification or verification techniques
- G10L17/02—Preprocessing operations, e.g. segment selection; Pattern representation or modelling, e.g. based on linear discriminant analysis [LDA] or principal components; Feature selection or extraction
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for authentication of a person according to the preamble of claim 1 and to an arrangement for carrying out this method.
- the invention includes the essential idea to calculate for the or each Transmissionpro ⁇ be by voice recognition followed by analysis phonemic a photo- nematic weighting coefficients. Furthermore, the invention includes the idea that this is used to determine a confidence value of the voice profile and / or to control whether the respective voice sample spoken is supplied to the voice profile calculation unit. In an analogous manner, weighting factors can already be used which can be assigned to individual phonemes of the speech sample. Thus, the determination of a voice profile from a voice sample is preceded by voice recognition and phonematic analysis, in order to optimize the voice profile determination-somewhat simplified for ⁇ .
- the weighting factors or the phonemic weighting coefficient of a threshold discriminant subjected to a predetermined weight minimum value and the supply to the voice profile calculation unit are controlled in dependence on the discrimination result. Spezielf for this purpose, the weight minimum value from a predetermined confidence minimum value of the voice profile or a predetermined security level of authentication is recalculated.
- the use of a voice sample for voice analysis (voice profile calculation) is thus made dependent on whether the phonemic structure of the voice sample - alone or in the context of other partial voice samples - at all suitable for realizing a certain confidence value of the voice professional or ultimately a required security level of authentication is.
- a blocking control signal which blocks the supply of a speech sample to the voice profile calculation unit also serves as a control signal for prescribing or requesting a replacement speech sample.
- this is such that the blocking control signal controls the output of a request to speak a non-predetermined substitute speech sample in the context of user guidance and for the replacement speech sample received thereon phonemic weighting coefficient is calculated. If the new language sample also proves to be insufficient, this procedure must be repeated if necessary.
- the Biockier control signal controls the output of a predetermined substitute speech sample with a predetermined phonemic evaluation coefficient as part of a user guidance.
- the user to be authenticated is therefore given a speech sample to be recorded, the usability of which has been checked in advance under phonematic evaluation criteria and is secured. This avoids the user being expected to make further in-touch attempts, which may prolong the procedure and provoke his displeasure.
- the procedure is such that the or each voice sample is predetermined and used as part of a user guide. given and the associated phonemic weighting coefficient is predetermined.
- the phonemic evaluation has previously taken place and results in a selection of well-usable speech samples, some of which are offered to the user as part of the enrollment or later authentication for speech.
- the verification process comprises the speech of several speech samples and from whose associated phonemic evaluation coefficients a resulting confidence value or safety level is calculated. This can initially serve to have the determined confidence value or security level simply available as an accompanying statement for an executed enrollment or an authentication and, if appropriate, to be supplied after a later evaluation (for statistical purposes, for example).
- the termination of the verification process or the request for another voice sample is then controlled.
- the mentioned threshold value can be adjustable via the system control.
- a confidence minimum value or safety level minimum value is input and, in response thereto, a subset for output as part of a user guidance from a total of predetermined speech samples each having a predetermined phonemic weighting coefficient is selected.
- the proposed method is carried out such that each phoneme of the or each speech sample is assigned a weighting factor derived from the respective equal error rate.
- the phonemic weighting coefficient of the speech sample is calculated from the weighting factors according to a predetermined evaluation algorithm. For this very simple or slightly more complex algorithms come into consideration, with simple examples are explained below.
- the automatic execution issuing a predetermined user guidance, in quasi-real time.
- part of the method namely the phonemic evaluation of speech samples and the assignment of a corresponding weighting coefficient, can take place prior to an actual enrollment or authentication process for which the examined speech samples and associated weighting coefficients are then provided.
- it is also possible to evaluate speech samples which have been recorded in real time but in accordance with the invention, for example in the sense of selecting relevant speech samples from a larger speech sample supply that has been recorded and stored,
- a first essential device element of the invention is a speech recognition unit for phonemic analysis of speech samples that are typically (but not necessarily) included as part of an enroute or verification procedure.
- a further essential device element of the invention is a weighting coefficient calculation unit which uses the phonemes of the speech sample and for these known weighting factors a phonematic (total) weighting coefficient of the speech sample. averages.
- a speech sample feed control is provided for controlling the feeding of the phonematically evaluated speech sample to the voice profile calculation unit and / or a confidence value calculation unit for calculating the confidence value of the voice profile obtained therefrom.
- the system in a preferred embodiment of the invention additionally comprises a user guidance unit for providing a user guidance, in particular for requesting speech samples and / or for outputting predetermined speech samples for being spoken by the person to be identified.
- the user guidance unit is connected via a control input at least indirectly to an output of the weighting coefficient calculation unit and / or an output of the confidence value calculation unit, such that outputs in the context of user guidance are dependent on results of the weighting coefficients. or confidence value calculation are controllable.
- the system comprises a weighting factor storage unit connected to the weighting factor input of the weighting coefficient calculation unit for storing phoneme weighting factors.
- the weighting factors are stored in the memory unit in the manner of a lookup table, in each case in association with the phonemes occurring as part of a speech analysis.
- the weighting factors may also be accessed in an external database.
- connection between the output of the weighting coefficient calculation unit and a control input of the voice sample calculation control unit may be configured such that a threshold discriminator unit for thresholding the calculated weighting coefficients with a predetermined weight minimum value is looped into this connection.
- a control input can also be connected to the user guidance unit with the output of this threshold discriminator unit the comparison or discrimination result for an adapted user guidance (requirement or specification of further speech samples) to make usable.
- a second threshold value discrimination unit may be provided at the output of the confidence value calculation unit for comparing a confidence value calculated from the speech samples with a predetermined minimum value or a calculated safety level value with a predetermined minimum value.
- the second threshold discriminator unit can also be connected to the user guidance unit via a control input in order to adapt an adaptation of the user guidance to the results of the phonemic evaluation of the speech samples.
- a speech sample memory is provided for the orderly storage of a set of predefined speech samples, each with an associated predetermined phonemic weighting coefficient.
- the user guidance unit and the confidence value calculation unit for retrieving selected speech samples are associated with the respective phonemic weighting coefficient.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the invention in the form of a functional block diagram
- Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the invention in the form of a functional block diagram
- Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a third constructedsbe ⁇ spiels of the invention in the form of a functional block diagram.
- 1 schematically shows a first arrangement 100 for a voice profi-based authentication of a person, in which a section of a system server 101 essential for the implementation of the invention is shown in communication with a mobile telephone 103 of a user.
- the system server 101 may include / execute other application-specific components and functions in addition to the components and functions described below.
- the system server 101 is on the output side via a voice sample input interface 105 and in temporary communication with the mobile telephone 103 via a user guidance output interface 107 to guide the user in an enrollment or verification procedure and input to him at least one voice sample into the system.
- further input / output interfaces such as for data entry into the system by pressing the mobile phone keyboard, may be provided.
- such are not required in connection with the explanation of the invention and are therefore not shown and described here.
- the speech sample input interface 105 is internally connected to a speech recognition unit 109 and in parallel with a speech sample feed control 111, respectively at the input thereof.
- the speech recognition unit 109 is connected on the output side to a weighting factor storage unit 113 on the one hand and to the input of a weighting coefficient calculation unit 115 on the other hand.
- the weighting factor storage unit 113 is connected to the weighting factor storage unit 113 for receiving therefrom prestored phoneme weighting factors for those phonemes which have resulted as a result of the speech recognition of the received speech sample as its constituent parts ,
- the weighting coefficient calculation unit is connected to a calculation coefficient threshold value discriminator (first threshold value discriminator) 117 whose threshold value can be set via a threshold setting unit 118.
- the first threshold value discriminator 117 is on the output side on the one hand to a control input of the voice sample feed controller 111 and, on the other hand, to a user guidance unit 119 for supplying or blocking the received speech sample either to a vocal sample analysis as a result of threshold discrimination in the phonemic weighting coefficients computed in the calculation unit 115, or outputting a corresponding user guidance (Request another voice sample) effect.
- the user guidance unit 119 outputs one to the interface 107 in response to the received control signal and via this to the mobile telephone 103. The described procedure is then repeated. If, on the other hand, the received and evaluated speech sample is usable for voice analysis (voice profile calculation) from the viewpoint of its phonemic evaluation, it is supplied to a voice profile calculation unit 121 and from this a voice profile of the user of the mobile telephone 103 is determined. The signal connection shown in the figure illustrates that this is stored in a voice profile storage unit 123, as required by an initial enrollment of the user.
- the dotted signal lines indicate that the voice profile is also supplied to a voice profile comparator unit 125 in the event of a later verification of the user and compared thereto with an initial voice profile stored in the memory unit 123 and an output signal of the comparator unit 125 indicative of the comparison result to subsequent stages of the voice unit System server 101 can be output.
- FIG. 2 shows a modified arrangement 200 modified from the arrangement 100 according to FIG. 1 for implementing a modified process control.
- the arrangement in Fig. 1 functionally corresponding components are denoted by reference numerals therefrom and will not be explained again below.
- a word (a speech sample) is now examined for its (her) sound units, the corresponding weighting can be used for each unit determined and thus a total weighting (a weighting coefficient) for this word can be determined.
- the sound unit weighting factors in a particularly simple manner for evaluating a word by setting a weighting factor minimum value and classifying only those sound units whose weighting factor is above the minimum value, and finally their number to the total number of Ratio of the word in proportion.
- the result of the above-mentioned method is also a weighting coefficient of 0.5 for the latter, while with the last-mentioned method c (0.4), e (0, 8), a (0.9), b (0.6), d (0.5), a (0.9) as
- Table 3 shows, for further illustration of possible process designs, a table of passwords with respective phonetic transcription and an associated weighting coefficient K, which was determined according to the method explained above on the assumption that the phonemes a, e, i, o, y, 6, m, j and s suitable, the other phonemes, however, all (according to a predetermined Schwel Ihongs), however, are unsuitable.
- Table 4 shows a compilation of externally determined equalizer rates of the individual passwords together with the associated value of the weighting coefficient.
- a significant change from the arrangement 100 of FIG. 1 in the arrangement 200 of FIG. 2 is that no voice sample feed control is provided, but each received speech sample in addition to the voice recognition unit 209 also enters the voice profile calculation unit 221 and - regardless of the phonemic evaluation - for calculating a voice profile is being used.
- the output signal of the first threshold value discriminator unit 217 reaches a second threshold discriminator (safety discriminator unit) 227, which is connected via another input to a confidence level or setting unit 229, via which a predetermined minimum confidence value of the is adjustable to be determined voice profile or a predetermined level of security of a verification process to be performed.
- a signal is available, which indicates whether the voice analysis of a received voice sample - taken by itself - is suitable for fulfilling predetermined confidence or security requirements or not.
- this signal can be used in subsequent stages of the system server 201 and, on the other hand, it is fed to the user guidance unit 219 in order, where appropriate, to control the request for a further speech sample.
- one or more other speech samples supplied by the user are not intended to replace the first (and possibly subsequent) speech sample (s) in the voice analysis, but to be additionally included in the voice analysis.
- FIG. 2 With regard to the interlinked evaluation of several speech samples, the illustration in FIG. 2 is not sufficiently detailed, but on the basis of the above description the person skilled in the art can guarantee such combination processing of several speech samples, each of which alone does not ensure sufficient conformity or safety. realize without further ado.
- the second threshold value discriminator 227 has been substituted for the first threshold discriminating unit 117 of the first embodiment, and the associated setting unit 229 accordingly replaces the setting unit 218 of the first embodiment.
- the weighting coefficient of the respective speech sample calculated in the weighting coefficient calculation unit 215 is supplied to a confidence value calculation unit 216 which determines therefrom the expected confidence value of a voice profile calculated from this speech sample.
- the way of processing multiple speech samples to derive a voice profile with sufficient confidence can be done according to different algorithms.
- the easiest way is to supply the voice samples to the voice profile calculation unit without any weighting.
- the voice profile calculation unit receive as additional control signal the calculated weighting coefficient of the respective speech sample, and the calculation result is weighted for the respective speech sample with the associated weighting coefficient.
- the speech samples to be provided for such a method are selected according to phonemic evaluation criteria. The method thus includes an upstream phase of the phoneme analysis and phonemic evaluation of a larger speech sample reservoir and the definition of preferred speech samples, namely those with a high phonemic weighting coefficient, for the later actual end-rollment or authentication procedure.
- a corresponding arrangement 300 is shown sketch-like in FIG. Again, components that are functionally comparable to components of the first and second embodiments are designated with reference to Figures 1 and 2 reference numerals and will not be explained in more detail below.
- the arrangement 300 is shown in its voice analysis part with the signal connections as given in the verification phase.
- the arrangement 300 has two voice sample input interfaces 305A, 305B, the former of which is in the preparatory stage with a microphone 302 and the latter in the actual authentication (or enrollment) phase with a microphone
- Mobile phone 303 is connected to a person to be authenticated (or registered).
- speech samples which are recorded on the microphone 302 and which are not to be subjected to voice analysis but merely to voice recognition and phonemic evaluation are taken to a first server section 301A in which speech recognition and determination of phonematic evaluation coefficients are carried out as in the first embodiment.
- a weighting coefficient threshold discriminator 317 outputs a forwarding control signal to a voice sample buffer 320 into which each speech sample received via the microphone 302 first passes and where it is latched.
- this control signal causes the cached speech sample to enter a speech sample memory 322, from which it is fed to the user guide 319 in a later registration or authentication in order to be credited to the person to be registered or authenticated (ie nachzu Quiltieri) speech sample is given.
- the authentication can be done with a single taken from the memory 322 in the user guidance speech sample or with multiple voice samples, which will be significantly dependent on the given level of security.
- the numerical results of the phonemic evaluation may be used to assign a weight corresponding to the phonemic weighting coefficient to each voice sample when using multiple voice samples to derive the voice profile. This is again symbolized by a dotted line in the figure.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Game Theory and Decision Science (AREA)
- Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200710005704 DE102007005704B4 (en) | 2007-02-05 | 2007-02-05 | Digital method for authenticating a person and ordering to carry it out |
PCT/EP2008/051019 WO2008095827A1 (en) | 2007-02-05 | 2008-01-29 | Digital method for authenticating a person and arrangement for performing the same |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2122611A1 true EP2122611A1 (en) | 2009-11-25 |
Family
ID=39345290
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08708336A Withdrawn EP2122611A1 (en) | 2007-02-05 | 2008-01-29 | Digital method for authenticating a person and arrangement for performing the same |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2122611A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102007005704B4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008095827A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010014934A1 (en) | 2010-04-14 | 2011-10-20 | Human Bios Gmbh | Method for authenticating or identifying person or device e.g. mobile telephone, involves comparing access to information in storage units in active mode, and triggering test, rejection procedure and/or alerting based on calibration result |
CN114360553B (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-09-06 | 浙江大学 | Method for improving voiceprint safety |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0424071A2 (en) * | 1989-10-16 | 1991-04-24 | Logica Uk Limited | Speaker recognition |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4773093A (en) * | 1984-12-31 | 1988-09-20 | Itt Defense Communications | Text-independent speaker recognition system and method based on acoustic segment matching |
US6539352B1 (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 2003-03-25 | Manish Sharma | Subword-based speaker verification with multiple-classifier score fusion weight and threshold adaptation |
JP2001249684A (en) * | 2000-03-02 | 2001-09-14 | Sony Corp | Device and method for recognizing speech, and recording medium |
US20030163739A1 (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-08-28 | Armington John Phillip | Robust multi-factor authentication for secure application environments |
EP1843325B1 (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2009-11-18 | Voice.Trust Ag | Speaker authentication in digital communication networks |
-
2007
- 2007-02-05 DE DE200710005704 patent/DE102007005704B4/en active Active
-
2008
- 2008-01-29 WO PCT/EP2008/051019 patent/WO2008095827A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-01-29 EP EP08708336A patent/EP2122611A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0424071A2 (en) * | 1989-10-16 | 1991-04-24 | Logica Uk Limited | Speaker recognition |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of WO2008095827A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2008095827A1 (en) | 2008-08-14 |
DE102007005704B4 (en) | 2008-10-30 |
DE102007005704A1 (en) | 2008-08-07 |
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