EP2080253B1 - Encapsulated, pressure-tight, nonhermetically sealed, rotationally symmetrical heavy-duty spark gap - Google Patents

Encapsulated, pressure-tight, nonhermetically sealed, rotationally symmetrical heavy-duty spark gap Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2080253B1
EP2080253B1 EP06819662A EP06819662A EP2080253B1 EP 2080253 B1 EP2080253 B1 EP 2080253B1 EP 06819662 A EP06819662 A EP 06819662A EP 06819662 A EP06819662 A EP 06819662A EP 2080253 B1 EP2080253 B1 EP 2080253B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cup
spark gap
gas
electrode
blow
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Not-in-force
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EP06819662A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2080253A1 (en
Inventor
Arnd Ehrhardt
Michael Waffler
Uwe Strangfeld
Stephan Hierl
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Dehn SE and Co KG
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Dehn and Soehne GmbH and Co KG
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Priority claimed from DE102006048977.2A external-priority patent/DE102006048977B4/en
Application filed by Dehn and Soehne GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Dehn and Soehne GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP2080253A1 publication Critical patent/EP2080253A1/en
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Publication of EP2080253B1 publication Critical patent/EP2080253B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
    • H01T4/10—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel
    • H01T4/12—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel hermetically sealed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T2/00—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means
    • H01T2/02—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means comprising a trigger electrode or an auxiliary spark gap
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
    • H01T4/10—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an encapsulated, pressure-resistant executed, non-hermetically sealed, rotationally symmetrical high-performance spark gap with two opposing main electrodes, a metallic outer housing, a gas or plasma cooling space surrounded by the outer housing and preferably frontally arranged electrical connection contacts for the main electrodes according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • surge arresters on the basis of spark gaps according to the prior art, these are designed to be encapsulated in applications in the low-voltage range in order to avoid the environment-threatening blowing out of hot or even ionized gases.
  • the arresters are provided with additional triggering devices.
  • a trigger device requires isolation of the additional, generally loaded with high voltage further electrode.
  • the additional expenditure of space and the additional insulation materials also lead to a further limitation of the performance of such realized arrester.
  • the potential of the ignition electrode is also supplied via the pressure-resistant metallic shell of the spark gap.
  • the local pressure-resistant jacket is made of one piece and it is used for the preparation of a simple forming process.
  • the waiver of an insulated implementation of the ignition potential leads in this variant, however, to an additional burden of insulation in the interior of the spark gap, since both electrodes must be isolated not only against each other, but also with respect to the entire housing.
  • the complex and voltage-resistant insulation in particular, the heat output from the spark gap This leads to an increased thermal load on the insulation parts, to long cooling times and to an enormous limitation of the space available for the spark gap. All of these disadvantages ultimately limit the performance of the spark gap.
  • Meandering cooling channels are for example from the DE 29 34 237 A1 Previously known according to the local surge arrester arrangement.
  • Helical cooling channels in coaxial arranged cup-shaped housing parts spark gaps are the DE 20 2004 020 260 U1 or the DE 103 38 835 A1 removable, showing both overvoltage protection devices.
  • the most essential components of the proposed high-performance spark gap consist in an effective cooling of the hot gases in a meandering cooling channel with staggered vents, in a pressure-resistant embodiment of the active components within the spark gap and a flameproof, encapsulated execution of the intermediate and Abkühlraums within the outer housing.
  • the cooling space of the high-performance spark gap consists of a coaxial arrangement of an inner and an outer metal cup, wherein one of the main electrodes is formed as a hollow cylindrical Ausblaselektrode and extends to a large extent in the inner cup of the coaxial arrangement.
  • a discharge ring electrode laterally encompassing centering support ring is provided.
  • the support ring is pressure-resistant, preferably non-positively and / or positively connected to the outer cup, for example, connected by a corresponding thread pairing.
  • the outer cup of the coaxial arrangement has lateral bores as gas outlet openings. Between the inner and the outer cup of the coaxial arrangement, at least one gas cooling channel is provided. Another gas cooling channel is located between the outer wall of the outer cup and the inner wall of the outer casing.
  • the high-performance spark gap should allow a higher impulse load or a stronger current limit with the result that more energy is converted in the spark gap, whereby a larger amount of heated gas or plasma is formed.
  • the proposed spark gap also dominates the increased burnup, and without burnup particles completely close the existing ventilation channels.
  • vents which are staggered arranged in the cooling channel, initially have small cross-sections to prevent the escape of luminous gas and melt particles, and take only in the course of the further extension of the cooling channel to cross-section, whereby the flow and relaxation in the entire cooling channel can be used. By these measures, a clogging of individual vents in the initial region of the cooling channel is compensated.
  • the blow-out electrode according to the invention has at its top side facing the counter-electrode an annular flange on which bears the complementary grading having support ring.
  • the underside of the blow-out electrode is closed, but has lateral gas outlet openings, wherein the underside additionally has an oriented in the electrode longitudinal direction of the guide extension, which engages in a complementary recess in the inner cup.
  • At least one gas cooling channel already mentioned is located between the inner bowl and the guide extension, which extends into a threaded opening of the inner bowl, which forms a connection contact.
  • Each cup of the coaxial assembly has a circular nozzle, wherein the circular nozzle of the inner cup is mounted in the circular nozzle of the outer cup.
  • the outer housing is formed positively fitting, and ungsitz for example by a beading.
  • the pressure-resistant connection of the coaxial arrangement including the support ring and blow-out electrode is realized in accordance with the construction described above by force and / or positive locking, in particular by screwing.
  • a sleeve or disc made of a gas-emitting material e.g. POM arranged, wherein the support ring surrounds the sleeve or disc of this gas-emitting material at least partially outer peripheral side.
  • the gas-emitting material has the function of radial blowing of the arc. This is used to limit the secondary current by cooling and extending the arc.
  • the solution with recourse to the illustrated support ring ensures a mastery of the consequences of higher Pulse currents.
  • the support ring can be made electrically conductive or insulating. Decisive is the resulting internal stabilization of the components of the spark gap, by a more even distribution of the load on the one hand and on the other hand by an improvement in the mechanical properties as a whole.
  • the pressure which builds up in the relaxation area of the hot gases within the spark gap, acts directly on the area of the active gas-emitting components. This is done on the one hand directly by gases, which can penetrate via column of stack parts, and on the other hand indirectly on the mobility of the individual spark gap sections under or against each other. Such a movement is particularly critical if the gas delivery is not uniform and all sides in the relaxation area, as this can lead to an uneven pressure load and thus to notch effects and damage to individual parts.
  • the example according screwing according to the invention of parts of the expansion chamber with the lower main electrode creates a pressure-resistant cooling space.
  • This solution causes a uniform distribution of the pressure or force effect on the active gas-emitting components and also avoids a direct gas flow between the cooling space and the active parts or the arc furnace and the cooling space.
  • a slipped centering and insulating body is placed on the guide extension of the main electrode as a disc with a guide extension, wherein the insulating body surrounds the disc of the main electrode in a preferred variant laterally.
  • a seal in particular a sealing ring can be arranged.
  • Blow-off electrode and screwed support ring quasi stack-shaped, wherein the initially only one side flanged hollow cylindrical outer housing receives the stack assembly.
  • Fig. 1 At the spark gap after Fig. 1 is located within an outer housing 1, the arrangement of active and passive components.
  • an inner cup 8 is provided to form the pressure-resistant cooling space, which is surrounded by an outer cup 9 at a distance to obtain a gas cooling channel 12.
  • one of the main electrodes which is realized as a hollow-cylindrical blow-out electrode 3, extends into it.
  • a discharge ring 3 laterally encompassing support ring 7 is provided on the open side of the cup assembly.
  • the support ring 7 has an external thread, which corresponds to an internal thread in the outer cup 9.
  • lateral gas outlet openings 10 are present, wherein between the inner and the outer cup 8, 9 at least the aforementioned gas cooling channel 12 is formed, and between the outer wall of the outer cup 9 and the inner wall of the outer housing 1, a further gas cooling channel 13 is located.
  • the underside of the blow-out electrode 3 is closed, but has lateral gas outlet openings 19.
  • the underside of the blow-out electrode 3 further has a guide extension 14, which engages in a complementary recess in the inner cup 8.
  • a gas cooling channel 15 is located, which extends into a threaded opening 16 of the inner cup 8.
  • This threaded opening 16 forms an element of the terminal 17, e.g. a screw contact.
  • Each of the aforementioned cups 8, 9 of the coaxial arrangement has a circular nozzle 25; 26, wherein the circular ring nozzle 25 of the inner cup 8 is mounted in the diameter-adapted circular nozzle piece 26 of the outer cup 9 and the outer casing 1 rests positively in the region of the circular nozzle 26 of the outer cup 9.
  • the positive connection is achieved here by a flanging in a press-forming process.
  • a sleeve or disc 6 made of a gas-emitting material, e.g. POM arranged so that sets in the case of igniting the arc, a radial blowing of the same.
  • the blowing electrode 3 opposite, further main electrode 2 is formed in the form of a disc 27 with guide extension 28.
  • the guide extension 28 has a threaded bore for connection contacting.
  • a second slipped over insulating 4 is placed on the guide extension 28 of the other main electrode 2, said insulating body 11, the disc 27 of the main electrode 2 according to the embodiment according to Fig. 1 surrounds laterally.
  • a seal in particular in the form of a sealing ring.
  • the above-described high-performance spark gap enables a doubling of the surge current carrying capacity from approximately 25 kA to 50 kA while at the same time maintaining high ignition safety and optimum gas cooling behavior.
  • the inner and outer cups may be reduced in cost by using less erosion-resistant materials, e.g. Steel or copper, are made, these materials should have a preferably good heat conduction and high heat capacity.
  • the inner cup 8 has, as from the principle sectional view to Fig. 1 Removable, a particularly strong wall and a reinforced floor, so that an increased arc erosion is compensated and melting can be avoided.
  • a plurality of holes 10 are coaxially distributed, which are placed in one or more circumferential grooves 11.
  • the gap or the gas guide channel 13 between the outer cup 9 and the outer housing 1 can be made wider.
  • helical ventilation ducts 18 of small cross-section may be present, which have a large ratio of their circumference to the cross-section, resulting in better cooling.
  • the circumferential grooves 11 and the gap between the outer cup and the outer housing serve to receive melt, whereby a clogging of the holes 10 is reliably avoided.
  • circumferential grooves In addition to circumferential grooves, the design of a circumferential spiral is also conceivable here in one embodiment, or it is additionally possible to use vertical grooves, e.g. to realize in the longitudinal axis of the arrangement.
  • Fig. 2 / 1 and 2.2 the area of the vents in the bottom of the blow-off electrode 3 and the inner 8 and the outer cup 9 is shown.
  • This venting is realized via spiral grooves, in addition or instead of such spiral grooves ( Fig. 1 ), as in the illustrations Fig. 2 / 1 and 2.2 illustrated, a plurality of holes in the bottom of the inner cup 8 (section A) can be introduced. Through these holes 30 gas and melt reaches the bottom of the outer cup 9, which has a circumferential groove 32 with respect to the holes offset channels or a multiply fed spiral (section B / reference numeral 32).
  • the support ring 7 is made of stainless steel in the embodiment shown and can take over the function of the potential control.
  • the centering bodies 4 and 5 embed the main electrode 2, the centering body 5 forming the insulating flashover gap.
  • the sleeve or disc 6 represents the conductive or semiconductive gas donating rollover stretch portion, wherein the support ring 7 carries the sleeve or disc 6.

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  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
  • Casings For Electric Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an encapsulated, pressure-tight, nonhermetically sealed, rotationally symmetrical heavy-duty spark gap with two main electrodes positioned opposite one another at a distance, a metallic outer housing, a gas or plasma cooling area which is surrounded by the outer housing and electrical connection contacts, which are preferably arranged at the ends, for the main electrodes, wherein the cooling area comprises a coaxial arrangement of an inner (8) and an outer (9) cup, and one of the main electrodes is in the form of a hollow-cylindrical blowout electrode (3) and reaches into the inner cup (8), furthermore a centring supporting ring (7), which engages laterally around the blowout electrode (3), is provided on the open side of the cup arrangement, and the supporting ring (7) is connected to the outer cup (9) in a pressure-tight manner by means of a screw connection and the outer cup (9) has lateral gas outlet openings (10), which are located in slots (11), and at least one first gas cooling channel (12) is provided between the inner and the outer cups (8; 9) and a further, second slit-like gas cooling channel (13) is located between the outer wall of the outer cup (9) and the inner wall of the outer housing (1).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine gekapselte, druckfest ausgeführte, nicht hermetisch dichte, rotationssymmetrische Hochleistungsfunkenstrecke mit zwei beabstandet gegenüberliegenden Hauptelektroden, einem metallischen Außengehäuse, einem vom Außengehäuse umgebenen Gas- oder Plasma-Abkühlraum sowie bevorzugt stirnseitig angeordneten elektrischen Anschlusskontakten für die Hauptelektroden gemäß Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to an encapsulated, pressure-resistant executed, non-hermetically sealed, rotationally symmetrical high-performance spark gap with two opposing main electrodes, a metallic outer housing, a gas or plasma cooling space surrounded by the outer housing and preferably frontally arranged electrical connection contacts for the main electrodes according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Bei Überspannungsableitern auf der Basis von Funkenstrecken gemäß dem Stand der Technik werden diese bei Anwendungen im Niederspannungsbereich gekapselt ausgeführt, um das die Umgebung gefährdende Ausblasen von heißen oder noch ionisierten Gasen zu vermeiden.In the case of surge arresters on the basis of spark gaps according to the prior art, these are designed to be encapsulated in applications in the low-voltage range in order to avoid the environment-threatening blowing out of hot or even ionized gases.

Bei zum älteren Stand der Technik gehörenden ausblasenden Ableitern wird der größte Teil des Energieumsatzes bis ca. 90% in Form von heißem Gas an die Umgebung abgegeben. Es ist offensichtlich, dass durch das Vermeiden des Ausblasens bei modernen Funkenstrecken sowohl die thermische als auch die dynamische Belastung ansteigt. Diese steigenden Belastungen erschweren bei gekapselten Ableitern die notwendige Beherrschung hoher Impuls- und Folgeströme bei möglichst geringer Baugröße.In the older state of the art belonging Ausblasenden arresters the largest part of the energy conversion is delivered to about 90% in the form of hot gas to the environment. It is obvious that by avoiding blow out in modern spark gaps, both the thermal and the dynamic loads increase. These increasing loads complicate the necessary control of high pulse and secondary currents in encapsulated arresters with the smallest possible size.

Zur Realisierung niedriger Schutzpegel im Bereich weniger kV werden die Ableiter mit zusätzlichen Triggereinrichtungen versehen. Eine solche Triggereinrichtung erfordert eine Isolation der zusätzlichen, im allgemeinen mit Hochspannung belasteten weiteren Elektrode. Der Mehraufwand an Bauraum und die zusätzlichen Isolationsmaterialien führen ebenfalls zu einer weiteren Einschränkung der Leistungsfähigkeit derartig realisierter Ableiter.To implement low protection levels in the range of less than kV, the arresters are provided with additional triggering devices. Such a trigger device requires isolation of the additional, generally loaded with high voltage further electrode. The additional expenditure of space and the additional insulation materials also lead to a further limitation of the performance of such realized arrester.

Gemäß der DE 100 08 764 A1 und der dort gezeigten gekapselten Funkenstrecke ist es bekannt, das Triggerpotential über die metallische Gehäuseummantelung der Funkenstrecke zuzuführen. Die dort vorgesehenen Hauptelektroden werden isoliert gegeneinander und gegenüber dem Gehäuse in die Funkenstrecke eingebracht. Aufgrund der geringen Lichtbogenlänge und der nur einfachen Aufteilung des Lichtbogens kann mit dieser Lösung des Standes der Technik jedoch nur eine geringe Folgestrombegrenzung erreicht werden.According to the DE 100 08 764 A1 and the encapsulated spark gap shown there, it is known to supply the trigger potential via the metallic housing casing of the spark gap. The main electrodes provided there are isolated against each other and placed against the housing in the spark gap. Due to the small arc length and the simple division of the arc, however, only a small follow current limitation can be achieved with this solution of the prior art.

Bei dem gekapselten Ableiter nach DE 100 18 012 A1 wird das Potential der Zündelektrode ebenfalls über den druckfesten metallischen Mantel der Funkenstrecke zugeführt. Der dortige druckfeste Mantel ist aus einem Stück gefertigt und es wird zur Herstellung auf ein einfaches Umformverfahren zurückgegriffen. Der Verzicht auf eine isolierte Durchführung des Zündpotentials führt bei dieser Variante jedoch zu einem Mehraufwand an Isolation im Inneren der Funkenstrecke, da beide Elektroden nicht nur gegeneinander, sondern auch gegenüber dem gesamten Gehäuse isoliert sein müssen. Neben dem höheren Platzbedarf wird durch die aufwendige und spannungsfeste Isolation insbesondere auch die Wärmeabgabe aus der Funkenstrecke behindert. Dies führt zu einer erhöhten thermischen Belastung der Isolationsteile, zu langen Abkühlzeiten und zu einer enormen Einschränkung des für die Funkenstrecke zur Verfügung stehenden Raums. Alle diese Nachteile begrenzen letztendlich die Leistungsfähigkeit der Funkenstrecke.With the encapsulated arrester after DE 100 18 012 A1 the potential of the ignition electrode is also supplied via the pressure-resistant metallic shell of the spark gap. The local pressure-resistant jacket is made of one piece and it is used for the preparation of a simple forming process. The waiver of an insulated implementation of the ignition potential leads in this variant, however, to an additional burden of insulation in the interior of the spark gap, since both electrodes must be isolated not only against each other, but also with respect to the entire housing. In addition to the higher space requirement is hampered by the complex and voltage-resistant insulation in particular, the heat output from the spark gap. This leads to an increased thermal load on the insulation parts, to long cooling times and to an enormous limitation of the space available for the spark gap. All of these disadvantages ultimately limit the performance of the spark gap.

Dann, wenn zur Verbesserung bestimmter Parameter einer Funkenstrecke eine zusätzliche Abgabe von Hartgas erfolgt, entsteht ein hoher Energieumsatz, der neben der thermischen Belastung zu einer weiteren Erhöhung bzw. einer dynamischen Druckbelastung sowohl bei Impuls- als auch bei Folgeströmen führt.Then, when to improve certain parameters of a spark gap, an additional release of hard gas, resulting in a high energy conversion, which leads to a further increase or a dynamic pressure load in both momentum and subsequent flows in addition to the thermal load.

In der DE 101 64 025 A1 ist eine gekapselte triggerbare Funkenstrecke gezeigt, welche nach dem Radax-Flow-Prinzip arbeitet. Bei dieser Lösung des Standes der Technik wird das vorhandene quaderförmige Gehäuse der Funkenstrecke zur Kühlung der heißen Gase verwendet. Die Zuführung zur Triggerelektrode erfolgt durch die Isolationsteile der zweiten, gegenüber dem Gehäuse isolierten Hauptelektrode. Eine derartige Variante ist aufgrund der geometrischen Ausführungsform des Gehäuses sehr aufwendig und schränkt den Platz des aktiven Lichtbogenbereichs gegenüber dem Bereich zur Abkühlung der Gase erheblich ein.In the DE 101 64 025 A1 an encapsulated triggerable spark gap is shown, which operates on the Radax flow principle. In this solution of the prior art, the existing cuboid housing of the spark gap is used for cooling the hot gases. The supply to the trigger electrode is effected by the insulating parts of the second, opposite the housing main electrode. Such a variant is very complicated and limited due to the geometric embodiment of the housing the space of the active arc area relative to the area for cooling the gases considerably.

Die vorstehend kurz gewürdigten Lösungen des Standes der Technik umfassen blitzstromtragfähige Niederspannungs-Luftfunkenstrecken, welche aufgrund ihres konstruktiven Aufbaus eine an sich hohe Druckfestigkeit besitzen.The above briefly acknowledged prior art solutions include low-voltage, air-current-carrying spark gaps which, due to their structural design, have inherently high compressive strength.

In der EP 0 305 077 A1 wird eine Funkenstrecke geringerer Leistungsfähigkeit vorgestellt, bei welcher eine Triggerelektrode durch den aus Isolationsmaterial bestehenden Außenmantel einer Funkenstrecke hindurchgeführt wird. Diese, nicht blitzstromtragfähige Funkenstrecke besitzt geringe Hauptelektrodenabstände und keine Mittel zur Erhöhung der Lichtbogenspannung. Der Leistungsumsatz und damit die einhergehende thermische und dynamische Belastung dieser Funkenstrecke des Standes der Technik ist unzureichend. Für den Einsatz in Niederspannungsnetzen ist eine derartige Funkenstrecke ungeeignet. Die dynamische Belastbarkeit des dortigen Gehäuses und der Durchführung der Triggerelektrode ist ebenfalls gering.In the EP 0 305 077 A1 is presented a spark gap of lower efficiency, in which a trigger electrode is passed through the existing of insulating material outer sheath of a spark gap. This non-lightning current carrying spark gap has small main electrode distances and no means for increasing the arc voltage. The power conversion and thus the associated thermal and dynamic load of this spark gap of the prior art is insufficient. For use in low-voltage networks such a spark gap is unsuitable. The dynamic load capacity of the local housing and the implementation of the trigger electrode is also low.

Zum Stand der Technik sei noch auf die DE 198 45 889 A1 verwiesen, die eine Funkenstreckenanordnung zeigt, welche gekapselt und druckfest ausgeführt ist und die beabstandet gegenüberliegende Hauptelektroden mit einem metallischen Außengehäuse aufweist. Dieser Stand der Technik verweist auch auf Gas- oder Plasmaabkühlräume, wobei eine der Hauptelektroden als hohlzylindrische Ausblaselektrode ausgeführt ist, die in die Abkühlräume hineinreicht.The state of the art is still on the DE 198 45 889 A1 referenced, which shows a spark gap assembly, which is executed encapsulated and flameproof and spaced apart opposite main electrodes having a metallic outer housing. This prior art also refers to gas or plasma cooling rooms, wherein one of the main electrodes is designed as a hollow cylindrical Ausblaselektrode extending into the Abkühlräume.

Mäanderförmige Kühlkanäle sind beispielsweise aus der DE 29 34 237 A1 gemäß der dortigen Überspannungsableiteranordnung vorbekannt. Schraubenförmige Kühlkanäle in aus koaxial angeordneten becherförmigen Gehäuseteilen zusammengesetzten Funkenstrecken sind der DE 20 2004 020 260 U1 oder der DE 103 38 835 A1 entnehmbar, die beide Überspannungsschutzeinrichtungen zeigen.Meandering cooling channels are for example from the DE 29 34 237 A1 Previously known according to the local surge arrester arrangement. Helical cooling channels in coaxial arranged cup-shaped housing parts spark gaps are the DE 20 2004 020 260 U1 or the DE 103 38 835 A1 removable, showing both overvoltage protection devices.

Aus dem Vorgenannten ist es daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine weiterentwickelte, gekapselte, druckfest ausgeführte, nicht hermetisch dichte, rotationssymmetrische Hochleistungsfunkenstrecke mit zwei beabstandet gegenüberliegenden Hauptelektroden, einem metallischen Außengehäuse, einem vom Außengehäuse umgebenen Gas- oder Plasma-Abkühlraum sowie bevorzugt stirnseitig angeordneten elektrischen Anschlußkontakten für die Hauptelektroden anzugeben, wobei die Funkenstrecke im Vergleich zum Bekannten eine nahezu verdoppelte Stoßstromtragfähigkeit bei einer dennoch einfachen, technologisch beherrschbaren Konstruktion und hoher Betriebssicherheit gewährleisten soll und die eine gute und schnelle Kühlung heißer Gase bewirkt.From the foregoing, it is therefore an object of the invention, a further developed, encapsulated, flameproof, non-hermetically sealed, rotationally symmetric high-performance spark gap with two spaced opposite main electrodes, a metallic outer housing, surrounded by an outer casing gas or plasma cooling space and preferably frontally arranged electrical connection contacts specify for the main electrodes, the spark gap compared to the known to ensure a nearly doubled surge current capability in a still simple, technologically manageable design and high reliability and causes a good and fast cooling of hot gases.

Die Lösung der Aufgabe der Erfindung erfolgt durch eine Funkenstrecke gemäß der Merkmalskombination nach Patentanspruch 1, wobei die Unteransprüche mindestens zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen darstellen.The object of the invention is achieved by a spark gap according to the feature combination according to claim 1, wherein the dependent claims represent at least expedient refinements and developments.

Die wesentlichsten Komponenten der vorgestellten Hochleistungsfunkenstrecke bestehen in einer effektiven Kühlung der heißen Gase in einem mäanderförmigen Abkühlkanal mit gestaffelt angebrachten Entlüftungsöffnungen, in einer druckfesten Ausführungsform der aktiven Komponenten innerhalb der Funkenstrecke sowie einer druckfesten, in sich gekapselten Ausführung des Zwischen- und Abkühlraums innerhalb des Außengehäuses.The most essential components of the proposed high-performance spark gap consist in an effective cooling of the hot gases in a meandering cooling channel with staggered vents, in a pressure-resistant embodiment of the active components within the spark gap and a flameproof, encapsulated execution of the intermediate and Abkühlraums within the outer housing.

Der Abkühlraum der Hochleistungsfunkenstrecke gemäß der Erfindung besteht aus einer koaxialen Anordnung eines inneren und eines äußeren metallischen Bechers, wobei eine der Hauptelektroden als hohlzylindrische Ausblaselektrode ausgebildet ist und zu einem großen Teil in den inneren Becher der koaxialen Anordnung hineinreicht.The cooling space of the high-performance spark gap according to the invention consists of a coaxial arrangement of an inner and an outer metal cup, wherein one of the main electrodes is formed as a hollow cylindrical Ausblaselektrode and extends to a large extent in the inner cup of the coaxial arrangement.

An der offenen Seite der Becheranordnung ist ein die Ausblaselektrode seitlich umgreifender zentrierender Stützring vorgesehen. Der Stützring ist druckfest, bevorzugt kraft- und/oder formschlüssig mit dem äußeren Becher, beispielsweise durch eine entsprechende Gewindepaarung verbunden.On the open side of the cup assembly, a discharge ring electrode laterally encompassing centering support ring is provided. The support ring is pressure-resistant, preferably non-positively and / or positively connected to the outer cup, for example, connected by a corresponding thread pairing.

Der äußere Becher der koaxialen Anordnung besitzt seitliche Bohrungen als Gasaustrittsöffnungen. Zwischen dem inneren und dem äußeren Becher der koaxialen Anordnung ist mindestens ein Gaskühlkanal vorgesehen. Ein weiterer Gaskühlkanal ist zwischen der Außenwandung des äußeren Bechers und der Innenwandung des Außengehäuse befindlich.The outer cup of the coaxial arrangement has lateral bores as gas outlet openings. Between the inner and the outer cup of the coaxial arrangement, at least one gas cooling channel is provided. Another gas cooling channel is located between the outer wall of the outer cup and the inner wall of the outer casing.

Gemäß der Aufgabenstellung der Erfindung soll die Hochleistungsfunkenstrecke eine höhere Impulsbelastung bzw. eine stärkere Strombegrenzung ermöglichen mit der Folge, dass mehr Energie in der Funkenstrecke umgesetzt wird, wodurch eine größere Menge erwärmtes Gas bzw. Plasma entsteht.According to the object of the invention, the high-performance spark gap should allow a higher impulse load or a stronger current limit with the result that more energy is converted in the spark gap, whereby a larger amount of heated gas or plasma is formed.

Es muss daher eine stärkere Kühlung und Entspannung des Gases realisiert werden. Dies erfolgt durch die vorstehend beschriebene koaxiale Anordnung, d.h. durch längere Wege und intensivere Berührung bzw. intensiveres Inkontaktkommen der Gase mit kühlem Material. Diese kühle Material weist eine große Wärmekapazität, eine gute Wärmeleitfähigkeit und einen hohen Schmelzpunkt auf.It must therefore be realized a greater cooling and relaxation of the gas. This is done by the coaxial arrangement described above, i. by longer distances and more intensive contact or more intensive contact of the gases with cool material. This cool material has a large heat capacity, a good thermal conductivity and a high melting point.

Neben der stärkeren Abkühlung beherrscht die vorgestellte Funkenstrecke auch den erhöhten Abbrand, und zwar ohne dass Abbrandpartikel die vorhandenen Entlüftungskanäle vollständig verschließen.In addition to the stronger cooling, the proposed spark gap also dominates the increased burnup, and without burnup particles completely close the existing ventilation channels.

Im Verlauf des oder der Abkühlkanäle werden bewusst Bereiche geschaffen, in denen sich bereits erstarrtes Material problemlos für die Entlüftung ablagern kann.In the course of the cooling channel (s), areas are deliberately created in which already solidified material can easily be deposited for venting.

Die Entlüftungsöffnungen, welche gestaffelt im Abkühlkanal angeordnet sind, weisen zunächst kleine Querschnitte auf, um den Austritt von leuchtendem Gas und Schmelzpartikeln zu vermeiden, und nehmen erst im Verlauf der weiteren Erstreckung des Abkühlkanals an Querschnitt zu, wodurch die Strömung und die Entspannung im gesamten Abkühlkanal genutzt werden kann. Durch diese Maßnahmen wird ein Zusetzen von einzelnen Entlüftungsöffnungen im Anfangsbereich des Abkühlkanals kompensiert.The vents, which are staggered arranged in the cooling channel, initially have small cross-sections to prevent the escape of luminous gas and melt particles, and take only in the course of the further extension of the cooling channel to cross-section, whereby the flow and relaxation in the entire cooling channel can be used. By these measures, a clogging of individual vents in the initial region of the cooling channel is compensated.

Ausgestaltend besitzt die erfindungsgemäße Ausblaselektrode an ihrer zur Gegenelektrode weisenden Oberseite einen Ringflansch, an welchem der eine komplementäre Stufung aufweisende Stützring anliegt. Die Unterseite der Ausblaselektrode ist geschlossen, weist jedoch seitliche Gasaustrittsöffnungen auf, wobei die Unterseite ergänzend einen in Elektrodenlängsrichtung orientierten Führungsfortsatz besitzt, welcher in eine komplementäre Aussparung im inneren Becher eingreift.Ausgestaltend the blow-out electrode according to the invention has at its top side facing the counter-electrode an annular flange on which bears the complementary grading having support ring. The underside of the blow-out electrode is closed, but has lateral gas outlet openings, wherein the underside additionally has an oriented in the electrode longitudinal direction of the guide extension, which engages in a complementary recess in the inner cup.

Im Bereich der Unterseite der Ausblaselektrode ist zwischen dem inneren Becher und dem Führungsfortsatz mindestens ein bereits erwähnter Gaskühlkanal befindlich, welcher in eine Gewindeöffnung des inneren Bechers, die einen Anschlußkontakt bildet, hineinreicht.In the region of the underside of the blow-out electrode, at least one gas cooling channel already mentioned is located between the inner bowl and the guide extension, which extends into a threaded opening of the inner bowl, which forms a connection contact.

Jeder Becher der koaxialen Anordnung besitzt einen Kreisringstutzen, wobei der Kreisringstutzen des inneren Bechers im Kreisringstutzen des äußeren Bechers gelagert wird.
Im Bereich des Kreisringstutzens des äußeren Bechers ist das Außengehäuse formschlüssig anliegend ausgebildet, und zwar beispielsweise durch einen Umbördel ungsschritt.Each cup of the coaxial assembly has a circular nozzle, wherein the circular nozzle of the inner cup is mounted in the circular nozzle of the outer cup.
In the area of the circular nozzle of the outer cup, the outer housing is formed positively fitting, and ungsschritt for example by a beading.

Die druckfeste Verbindung der koaxialen Anordnung inklusive Stützring und Ausblaselektrode wird unter Beachtung der vorstehend erläuterten Konstruktion durch Kraft- und/oder Formschluß, insbesondere durch Verschraubung realisiert.The pressure-resistant connection of the coaxial arrangement including the support ring and blow-out electrode is realized in accordance with the construction described above by force and / or positive locking, in particular by screwing.

Zwischen den Hauptelektroden ist eine Hülse oder eine Scheibe aus einem gasabgebenden Material, z.B. POM angeordnet, wobei der Stützring die Hülse oder Scheibe aus diesem gasabgebenden Material mindestens teilweise außenumfangsseitig umgreift.Between the main electrodes is a sleeve or disc made of a gas-emitting material, e.g. POM arranged, wherein the support ring surrounds the sleeve or disc of this gas-emitting material at least partially outer peripheral side.

Das gasabgebende Material besitzt die Funktion der radialen Beblasung des Lichtbogens. Diese wird zur Begrenzung des Folgestroms durch Kühlung und Verlängerung des Lichtbogens genutzt. Die Lösung unter Rückgriff auf den erläuterten Stützring gewährleistet eine Beherrschung der Folgen hoher Impulsströme. Dabei kann der Stützring elektrisch leitend oder isolierend ausgeführt sein. Maßgeblich ist die sich ergebende innere Stabilisierung der Baugruppen der Funkenstrecke, und zwar durch eine gleichmäßigere Verteilung der Belastung einerseits und andererseits durch eine Verbesserung der mechanischen Eigenschaften insgesamt.The gas-emitting material has the function of radial blowing of the arc. This is used to limit the secondary current by cooling and extending the arc. The solution with recourse to the illustrated support ring ensures a mastery of the consequences of higher Pulse currents. In this case, the support ring can be made electrically conductive or insulating. Decisive is the resulting internal stabilization of the components of the spark gap, by a more even distribution of the load on the one hand and on the other hand by an improvement in the mechanical properties as a whole.

Bei Lösungen des Standes der Technik wirkt der Druck, welcher sich im Entspannungsbereich der heißen Gase innerhalb der Funkenstrecke aufbaut, unmittelbar auf den Bereich der aktiven gasabgebenden Bauteile zurück. Dies erfolgt einerseits direkt durch Gase, welche über Spalte von Stapelteilen dringen können, und andererseits indirekt über die Beweglichkeit der einzelnen Funkenstreckenteile unter- bzw. gegeneinander. Eine solche Bewegung ist insbesondere dann kritisch, wenn die Gasabgabe nicht gleichmäßig und allseitig in den Entspannungsbereich erfolgt, da dies zu einer ungleichmäßigen Druckbelastung und somit zu Kerbwirkungen und Beschädigungen einzelner Teile führen kann.In solutions of the prior art, the pressure, which builds up in the relaxation area of the hot gases within the spark gap, acts directly on the area of the active gas-emitting components. This is done on the one hand directly by gases, which can penetrate via column of stack parts, and on the other hand indirectly on the mobility of the individual spark gap sections under or against each other. Such a movement is particularly critical if the gas delivery is not uniform and all sides in the relaxation area, as this can lead to an uneven pressure load and thus to notch effects and damage to individual parts.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße beispielhafte Verschraubung von Teilen des Entspannungsraums mit der unteren Hauptelektrode wird ein in sich druckfester Abkühlraum geschaffen. Diese Lösung bewirkt eine gleichmäßige Verteilung der Druck- bzw. Kraftwirkung auf die aktiven gasabgebenden Komponenten und vermeidet auch eine direkte Gasströmung zwischen dem Abkühlraum und den aktiven Teilen bzw. dem Lichtbogenbrennraum und dem Abkühlraum.The example according screwing according to the invention of parts of the expansion chamber with the lower main electrode creates a pressure-resistant cooling space. This solution causes a uniform distribution of the pressure or force effect on the active gas-emitting components and also avoids a direct gas flow between the cooling space and the active parts or the arc furnace and the cooling space.

Ein übergestülpter Zentrier- und Isolierkörper ist auf den Führungsfortsatz der Hauptelektrode als Scheibe mit Führungsfortsatz aufgesetzt, wobei der Isolierkörper die Scheibe der Hauptelektrode in einer bevorzugten Variante auch seitlich umgibt.A slipped centering and insulating body is placed on the guide extension of the main electrode as a disc with a guide extension, wherein the insulating body surrounds the disc of the main electrode in a preferred variant laterally.

Zwischen der Scheiben-Hauptelektrode und dem Isolierkörper kann eine Dichtung, insbesondere ein Dichtring angeordnet werden.Between the disk main electrode and the insulating body, a seal, in particular a sealing ring can be arranged.

Die erfindungsgemäße Hochleistungsfunkenstrecke in rotationssymmetrischer Ausführungsform ist ausgehend von der koaxialen Anordnung der Becher mitThe high-performance spark gap according to the invention in a rotationally symmetrical embodiment is based on the coaxial arrangement of the cups

Ausblaselektrode und verschraubtem Stützring quasi stapelförmig aufgebaut, wobei das zunächst nur einseitig umgebördelte hohlzylindrische Außengehäuse die Stapelanordnung aufnimmt. Durch das Umbördeln an der noch offenen Seite erfolgt ein Verpressen und mechanisches Inkontaktbringen der einzelnen vormontierten Komponenten der Stapelanordnung der Funkenstrecke mit einer sich insgesamt ergebenden sehr hohen mechanischen Stabilität und damit einhergehenden Belastbarkeit.Blow-off electrode and screwed support ring quasi stack-shaped, wherein the initially only one side flanged hollow cylindrical outer housing receives the stack assembly. By crimping on the still open side, a pressing and mechanical contacting of the individual preassembled components of the stack arrangement of the spark gap with a total resulting very high mechanical stability and associated load capacity.

Die Erfindung soll nachstehend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels sowie unter Zuhilfenahme von Figuren näher erläutert werden.The invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment and with the aid of figures.

Hierbei zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Längsschnittdarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Hoch- leistungsfunkenstrecke mit in sich druckfestem Abkühlraum und
Fig. 2/1, 2/2
Darstellungen entlang der Line A-A, B-B nach Fig. 1 sowie ein Detail.
Hereby show:
Fig. 1
a longitudinal sectional view of a high-performance spark gap according to the invention with in itself pressure-resistant cooling space and
Fig. 2/1, 2/2
Illustrations along the line AA, BB after Fig. 1 as well as a detail.

Bei der Funkenstrecke nach Fig. 1 befindet sich innerhalb eines Außengehäuses 1 die Anordnung aktiver und passiver Komponenten.At the spark gap after Fig. 1 is located within an outer housing 1, the arrangement of active and passive components.

Zunächst ist zur Bildung des druckfesten Abkühlraums ein innerer Becher 8 vorgesehen, welcher von einem äußeren Becher 9 unter Abstand zum Erhalt eines Gaskühlkanals 12 umgeben ist.First, an inner cup 8 is provided to form the pressure-resistant cooling space, which is surrounded by an outer cup 9 at a distance to obtain a gas cooling channel 12.

In das Innere des Raums des Bechers 8 reicht eine der Hauptelektroden hinein, die als hohlzylindrische Ausblaselektrode 3 realisiert ist.In the interior of the space of the cup 8, one of the main electrodes, which is realized as a hollow-cylindrical blow-out electrode 3, extends into it.

An der offenen Seite der Becheranordnung ist ein die Ausblaselektrode 3 seitlich umgreifender Stützring 7 vorgesehen. Der Stützring 7 weist ein Außengewinde auf, welches mit einem Innengewinde im äußeren Becher 9 korrespondiert.On the open side of the cup assembly, a discharge ring 3 laterally encompassing support ring 7 is provided. The support ring 7 has an external thread, which corresponds to an internal thread in the outer cup 9.

Im äußeren Becher 9 sind seitliche Gasaustrittsöffnungen 10 vorhanden, wobei zwischen dem inneren und dem äußeren Becher 8, 9 mindestens der vorerwähnte Gaskühlkanal 12 ausgebildet ist, sowie zwischen der Außenwandung des äußern Bechers 9 und der Innenwandung des Außengehäuses 1 ein weiterer Gaskühlkanal 13 befindlich ist.In the outer cup 9 lateral gas outlet openings 10 are present, wherein between the inner and the outer cup 8, 9 at least the aforementioned gas cooling channel 12 is formed, and between the outer wall of the outer cup 9 and the inner wall of the outer housing 1, a further gas cooling channel 13 is located.

Die Unterseite der Ausblaselektrode 3 ist geschlossen, weist jedoch seitliche Gasaustrittsöffnungen 19 auf.The underside of the blow-out electrode 3 is closed, but has lateral gas outlet openings 19.

Die Unterseite der Ausblaselektrode 3 besitzt weiterhin einen Führungsfortsatz 14, welcher in eine komplementäre Aussparung im inneren Becher 8 eingreift.The underside of the blow-out electrode 3 further has a guide extension 14, which engages in a complementary recess in the inner cup 8.

Im Bereich der Unterseite der Ausblaselektrode 3, zwischen dem inneren Becher und dem Führungsfortsatz 14, ist mindestens wiederum ein Gaskühlkanal 15 befindlich, welcher in eine Gewindeöffnung 16 des inneren Bechers 8 hineinreicht. Diese Gewindeöffnung 16 bildet ein Element des Anschlusskontakts 17, z.B. eines Schraubkontakts.In the region of the underside of the discharge electrode 3, between the inner cup and the guide extension 14, at least in turn a gas cooling channel 15 is located, which extends into a threaded opening 16 of the inner cup 8. This threaded opening 16 forms an element of the terminal 17, e.g. a screw contact.

Jeder der vorerwähnten Becher 8, 9 der koaxialen Anordnung besitzt einen Kreisringstutzen 25; 26, wobei der Kreisringstutzen 25 des inneren Bechers 8 im durchmesserangepassten Kreisringstutzen 26 des äußeren Bechers 9 gelagert ist und im Bereich des Kreisringstutzens 26 des äußeren Bechers 9 das Außengehäuse 1 formschlüssig anliegt. Der Formschluss wird hier durch eine Umbördelung in einem Press-Umformvorgang erreicht.Each of the aforementioned cups 8, 9 of the coaxial arrangement has a circular nozzle 25; 26, wherein the circular ring nozzle 25 of the inner cup 8 is mounted in the diameter-adapted circular nozzle piece 26 of the outer cup 9 and the outer casing 1 rests positively in the region of the circular nozzle 26 of the outer cup 9. The positive connection is achieved here by a flanging in a press-forming process.

Zwischen den Hauptelektroden 2 und 3 ist eine Hülse oder Scheibe 6 aus einem gasabgebenden Material, z.B. POM angeordnet, so dass sich im Fall des Zündens des Lichtbogens eine radiale Beblasung desselben einstellt.Between the main electrodes 2 and 3 is a sleeve or disc 6 made of a gas-emitting material, e.g. POM arranged so that sets in the case of igniting the arc, a radial blowing of the same.

Die der Ausblaselektrode 3 gegenüberliegende, weitere Hauptelektrode 2 ist in Form einer Scheibe 27 mit Führungsfortsatz 28 ausgebildet.The blowing electrode 3 opposite, further main electrode 2 is formed in the form of a disc 27 with guide extension 28.

Der Führungsfortsatz 28 weist eine Gewindebohrung zur Anschlusskontaktierung auf.The guide extension 28 has a threaded bore for connection contacting.

Ein zweiter übergestülpter Isolierkörper 4 ist auf den Führungsfortsatz 28 der weiteren Hauptelektrode 2 aufgesetzt, wobei dieser Isolierkörper 11 die Scheibe 27 der Hauptelektrode 2 gemäß Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 seitlich umgibt.A second slipped over insulating 4 is placed on the guide extension 28 of the other main electrode 2, said insulating body 11, the disc 27 of the main electrode 2 according to the embodiment according to Fig. 1 surrounds laterally.

Zwischen der Scheiben-Hauptelektrode 2 und dem Isolierkörper 4 kann eine Dichtung, insbesondere in Form eines Dichtrings angeordnet sein.Between the disc main electrode 2 and the insulating body 4 may be arranged a seal, in particular in the form of a sealing ring.

Die vorbeschriebene Hochleistungsfunkenstrecke ermöglicht eine Verdoppelung der Stoßstromtragfähigkeit von etwa 25 kA auf 50 kA bei gleichzeitigem Erhalt einer hohen Zündsicherheit und einem optimalen Gaskühlverhalten.The above-described high-performance spark gap enables a doubling of the surge current carrying capacity from approximately 25 kA to 50 kA while at the same time maintaining high ignition safety and optimum gas cooling behavior.

Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung können der innere und der äußere Becher kostenreduzierend aus weniger abbrandfesten Materialien, z.B. Stahl oder Kupfer, gefertigt werden, wobei diese Materialien eine bevorzugt gute Wärmeleitung und hohe Wärmekapazität aufweisen sollen.According to the present invention, the inner and outer cups may be reduced in cost by using less erosion-resistant materials, e.g. Steel or copper, are made, these materials should have a preferably good heat conduction and high heat capacity.

Der innere Becher 8 besitzt, wie aus der Prinzip-Schnittdarstellung nach Fig. 1 entnehmbar, eine besonders starke Wandung und einen verstärkten Boden, so dass ein verstärkter Lichtbogenabbrand kompensierbar ist und Durchschmelzungen vermieden werden können.The inner cup 8 has, as from the principle sectional view to Fig. 1 Removable, a particularly strong wall and a reinforced floor, so that an increased arc erosion is compensated and melting can be avoided.

Im äußeren Becher 9 sind koaxial verteilt mehrere Bohrungen 10 vorhanden, die in einer oder mehreren umlaufenden Nuten 11 platziert sind.In the outer cup 9, a plurality of holes 10 are coaxially distributed, which are placed in one or more circumferential grooves 11.

Der Spalt respektive der Gasführungskanal 13 zwischen dem äußeren Becher 9 und dem Außengehäuse 1 kann breiter ausgeführt werden.The gap or the gas guide channel 13 between the outer cup 9 and the outer housing 1 can be made wider.

Im Boden der Ausblaselektrode 3, im inneren Becher 8 und/oder im äußeren Becher 9 können spiralförmige Lüftungskanäle 18 kleinen Querschnitts vorhanden sein, die ein großes Verhältnis ihres Umfangs zum Querschnitt besitzen, so dass sich eine bessere Kühlung ergibt.In the bottom of the blow-out electrode 3, in the inner cup 8 and / or in the outer cup 9, helical ventilation ducts 18 of small cross-section may be present, which have a large ratio of their circumference to the cross-section, resulting in better cooling.

Die umlaufenden Nuten 11 und der Spalt zwischen dem äußeren Becher und dem Außengehäuse dienen der Aufnahme von Schmelze, wodurch ein Zusetzen der Bohrungen 10 sicher vermieden wird.The circumferential grooves 11 and the gap between the outer cup and the outer housing serve to receive melt, whereby a clogging of the holes 10 is reliably avoided.

Neben umlaufenden Nuten ist hier auch in einer Ausgestaltung die Ausführung einer umlaufenden Spirale denkbar oder es besteht ergänzend die Möglichkeit, senkrechte Nuten, z.B. in der Längsachse der Anordnung zu realisieren.In addition to circumferential grooves, the design of a circumferential spiral is also conceivable here in one embodiment, or it is additionally possible to use vertical grooves, e.g. to realize in the longitudinal axis of the arrangement.

In den Fig. 2/1 und 2/2 ist der Bereich der Entlüftungen im Boden der Ausblaselektrode 3 sowie des inneren 8 und des äußeren Bechers 9 gezeigt. Diese Entlüftung ist über Spiralnuten realisierbar, wobei ergänzend oder anstelle derartiger Spiralnuten (Fig. 1), wie in den Darstellungen nach Fig. 2/1 und 2/2 illustriert, mehrere Bohrungen im Boden des inneren Bechers 8 (Schnitt A) eingebracht werden können. Durch diese Bohrungen 30 gelangt Gas und Schmelze zum Boden des äußeren Bechers 9, welcher über eine umlaufende Nut 32 mit gegenüber den Bohrungen versetzten Kanälen oder über eine mehrfach gespeiste Spirale (Schnitt B / Bezugszeichen 32) verfügt.In the Fig. 2 / 1 and 2.2 the area of the vents in the bottom of the blow-off electrode 3 and the inner 8 and the outer cup 9 is shown. This venting is realized via spiral grooves, in addition or instead of such spiral grooves ( Fig. 1 ), as in the illustrations Fig. 2 / 1 and 2.2 illustrated, a plurality of holes in the bottom of the inner cup 8 (section A) can be introduced. Through these holes 30 gas and melt reaches the bottom of the outer cup 9, which has a circumferential groove 32 with respect to the holes offset channels or a multiply fed spiral (section B / reference numeral 32).

Der Stützring 7 ist bei der gezeigten Ausführungsform aus Edelstahl gefertigt und kann die Funktion der Potentialsteuerung übernehmen. Die Zentrierkörper 4 und 5 betten die Hauptelektrode 2 ein, wobei der Zentrierkörper 5 die isolierende Überschlagsstrecke bildet. Die Hülse oder Scheibe 6 stellt den leitenden oder halbleitenden gasabgebenden Überschlagsstreckenteil dar, wobei der Stützring 7 die Hülse oder Scheibe 6 trägt.The support ring 7 is made of stainless steel in the embodiment shown and can take over the function of the potential control. The centering bodies 4 and 5 embed the main electrode 2, the centering body 5 forming the insulating flashover gap. The sleeve or disc 6 represents the conductive or semiconductive gas donating rollover stretch portion, wherein the support ring 7 carries the sleeve or disc 6.

Claims (9)

  1. Encapsulated pressure-tight, nonhermetically sealed, rotationally symmetrical high-performance spark gap with two main electrodes positioned opposite one another and spaced apart from one another, a metallic outer housing, a gas or plasma cooling area surrounded by the outer housing and electrical connection contacts for the main electrodes which are preferably arranged at the end faces,
    characterized in that
    - the cooling area comprises a coaxial arrangement of an inner (8) and an outer (9) cup, wherein one of the main electrodes is in the form of a hollow-cylindrical blow-out electrode (3) and extends into the inner cup (8),
    - furthermore a centering support ring (7) laterally encompassing the blow-out electrode (3) is provided on the open side of the cup arrangement, and the support ring (7) is connected to the outer cup (9) in a pressure-tight manner by means of a screw connection,
    - the outer cup (9) has lateral gas outlet openings (10) which are located in grooves (11), and at least one first gas cooling channel (12) is provided between the inner and the outer cups (8; 9), and a further, second gas cooling channel (13) is located between the outer wall of the outer cup (9) and the inner wall of the outer housing (1).
  2. Spark gap according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    in the region of the lower side of the blow-out electrode (3) at least one gas cooling channel (15) is located between the inner cup (8) and a guide prolongation (14), which extends into a threaded opening (16) of the inner cup (8), said threaded opening forming a connection contact (17), wherein a spiral groove (18) for carrying gas is incorporated in the outer bottom of the blow-out electrode (3).
  3. Spark gap according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    each cup (8; 9) of the coaxial arrangement has a circular-ring connecting piece (25; 26), wherein the circular-ring connecting piece (25) of the inner cup (8) is supported in the circular-ring connecting piece (26) of the outer cup (9), and the outer housing (1) is positively adjacent in the region of the circular-ring connecting piece (26) of the outer cup (9).
  4. Spark gap according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    a sleeve or disc (6) made of a conductive or semi-conductive, gas-emitting material is arranged between the main electrodes (2; 3).
  5. Spark gap according to claim 4,
    characterized in that
    a first pulled-over centering and insulating body (5) is located on the side of the sleeve or disc (6) of gas-emitting material that faces away from the blow-out electrode.
  6. Spark gap according to claim 5,
    characterized in that
    the further main electrode (2) opposite the blow-out electrode (3) is designed as a disc (27) with a guide prolongation (28).
  7. Spark gap according to claim 6,
    characterized in that
    another pulled-over centering and insulating body (4) is provided and is placed onto the guide prolongation (28) of the further main electrode (2), wherein the insulating body (4) laterally encloses the disc (27) of the main electrode (2) and a surrounding shoulder of the first insulating and centering body (5).
  8. Spark gap according to claim 3,
    characterized in that
    bores or grooves (30) for carrying gas are located in the region of the outer lower side of the inner cup (8), wherein a gap (31) is provided between the circular-ring connecting pieces (25; 26).
  9. Spark gap according to claim 8,
    characterized in that
    in the region of the inner lower side of the outer cup (9) bores or grooves (32) for carrying gas are located, which lead to the gap (31).
EP06819662A 2006-10-17 2006-11-22 Encapsulated, pressure-tight, nonhermetically sealed, rotationally symmetrical heavy-duty spark gap Not-in-force EP2080253B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006048977.2A DE102006048977B4 (en) 2005-05-30 2006-10-17 Encapsulated, flameproof, non-hermetically sealed, rotationally symmetric high-performance spark gap
PCT/EP2006/068747 WO2008046454A1 (en) 2006-10-17 2006-11-22 Encapsulated, pressure-tight, nonhermetically sealed, rotationally symmetrical heavy-duty spark gap

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EP2080253A1 EP2080253A1 (en) 2009-07-22
EP2080253B1 true EP2080253B1 (en) 2010-10-13

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EP (1) EP2080253B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101529677B (en)
AT (1) ATE484867T1 (en)
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DE2934237C2 (en) * 1979-08-24 1983-02-17 Aeg-Telefunken Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 6000 Frankfurt Surge arresters
DE19506057B4 (en) * 1995-02-22 2004-07-22 Dehn + Söhne GmbH + Co KG Extinguishing spark gap arrangement
DE19845889B4 (en) * 1998-10-06 2007-03-01 Dehn + Söhne GmbH + Co KG The spark gap arrangement
DE10008764A1 (en) * 1999-03-04 2000-09-28 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co Overload voltage protection system has electrodes set into diverging horn sections for arc propagation
DE10018012B4 (en) * 2000-02-22 2005-02-24 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Pressure proof encapsulated spark gap arrangement for leading off damaging disturbance variables due to overvoltages, has two opposing electrodes
DE10164025B4 (en) * 2001-08-21 2005-08-25 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Encapsulated voltage surge absorber for limiting secondary current has an untriggered discharger with main electrodes, an insulating part, expansion areas and a trigger electrode.
DE10338835B4 (en) * 2003-08-21 2016-06-02 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Overvoltage protection device
DE202004020260U1 (en) * 2004-12-28 2005-02-24 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Overvoltage protection device
DE102005024658B4 (en) * 2005-05-30 2007-02-15 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Encapsulated, flameproof, non-hermetically sealed, rotationally symmetric high-performance spark gap

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101529677A (en) 2009-09-09
WO2008046454A1 (en) 2008-04-24
EP2080253A1 (en) 2009-07-22
DE502006008106D1 (en) 2010-11-25
ATE484867T1 (en) 2010-10-15
CN101529677B (en) 2012-01-04

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