Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
  • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
  • H01T4/10—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel
  • H01T4/12—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel hermetically sealed
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
  • H01T2/00—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means
  • H01T2/02—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means comprising a trigger electrode or an auxiliary spark gap
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
  • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
  • H01T4/10—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel

Definitions

• the invention relates to an encapsulated, pressure-resistant executed, non-hermetically sealed, rotationally symmetrical high-performance spark gap with two opposing main electrodes, a metallic outer housing, a gas or plasma cooling space surrounded by the outer housing and preferably frontally arranged electrical connection contacts for the main electrodes according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
• surge arresters on the basis of spark gaps according to the prior art, these are designed to be encapsulated in applications in the low-voltage range in order to avoid the environment-threatening blowing out of hot or even ionized gases.
• the arresters are provided with additional triggering devices.
• a trigger device requires isolation of the additional, generally loaded with high voltage further electrode.
• the additional expenditure of installation space and the additional insulation materials also lead to a further restriction of the performance of such realized arresters.
• the potential of the ignition electrode is likewise supplied via the pressure-resistant metallic sheath to the spark gap.
• the local pressure-resistant jacket is made of one piece and it is used for the preparation of a simple forming process.
• the waiver of an insulated implementation of the ignition potential leads in this variant, however, to an additional burden of insulation in the interior of the spark gap, since both electrodes must be isolated not only against each other, but also with respect to the entire housing.
• the complex and voltage-resistant insulation in particular, the heat output from the spark gap This leads to an increased thermal load on the insulating parts, to long cooling times and to an enormous limitation of the space available for the spark gap. All of these disadvantages ultimately limit the performance of the spark gap.
• the prior art should be referred to the DE 198 45 889 Al, which shows a spark gap arrangement, which is designed to be encapsulated and pressure-resistant and having the spaced opposite main electrodes with a metallic outer casing.
• This prior art also refers to gas or plasma cooling rooms, wherein one of the main electrodes is designed as a hollow cylindrical blow-off electrode, which extends into the cooling rooms.
• Meander-shaped cooling channels are previously known for example from DE 29 34 237 Al according to the local surge arrester arrangement. Screw-shaped cooling channels in spark gaps composed of coaxially arranged cup-shaped housing parts can be taken from DE 20 2004 020 260 U 1 or DE 103 38 835 A1, both of which show overvoltage protection devices.
• the most important components of the proposed high-performance spark gap consist in an effective cooling of the hot gases in a meandering cooling channel with staggered vents, in a jerk-resistant embodiment of the active components within the spark gap and a pressure-resistant, encapsulated execution of the intermediate and Abkühlraums inside of the outer casing.
• the cooling space of the high-performance spark gap consists of a coaxial arrangement of an inner and an outer metal cup, wherein one of the main electrodes is formed as a hollow cylindrical Ausblaselektrode and extends to a large extent in the inner cup of the coaxial arrangement.
• a discharge ring electrode laterally encompassing centering support ring is provided on the open side of the cup assembly.
• the support ring is pressure-resistant, preferably non-positively and / or positively connected to the outer cup, for example, connected by a corresponding thread pairing.
• the outer cup of the coaxial arrangement has lateral bores as gas outlet openings. Between the inner and the outer cup of the coaxial arrangement, at least one gas cooling channel is provided. Another gas cooling channel is located between the outer wall of the outer cup and the inner wall of the outer casing.
• the high-performance spark gap should allow a higher impulse load or a stronger current limit with the result that more energy is converted in the spark gap, whereby a larger amount of heated gas or plasma is formed.
• the proposed spark gap also dominates the increased burnup, and without burnup particles completely close the existing ventilation channels.
• the vents which are staggered arranged in the cooling channel, initially have small cross-sections in order to avoid the escape of luminous gas and molten particles, and take only in the course of further extension of the cooling channel to cross-section, where by the flow and the relaxation throughout Abkühlkanal can be used. By these measures, a clogging of individual vents in the initial region of the cooling channel is compensated.
• Ausgestaltend the blow-out electrode according to the invention has at its top side facing the counter-electrode an annular flange on which bears the complementary grading having support ring.
• the underside of the blow-out electrode is closed, but has lateral gas outlet openings, wherein the underside additionally has an oriented in the electrode longitudinal direction of the guide extension, which engages in a complementary recess in the inner cup.
• At least one gas cooling channel already mentioned is located between the inner bowl and the guide extension, which extends into a threaded opening of the inner bowl, which forms a connection contact.
• Each cup of the coaxial arrangement has a circular nozzle, wherein the circular nozzle of the inner cup in the circular nozzle of the outer
• Bechers is stored.
• the outer housing is formed positively fitting, for example by a
• the pressure-resistant connection of the coaxial arrangement including the support ring and blow-out electrode is realized in accordance with the construction described above by force and / or positive locking, in particular by screwing.
• a sleeve or disc made of a gas-emitting material e.g. POM arranged, wherein the support ring surrounds the sleeve or disc of this gas-emitting material at least partially outer peripheral side.
• the gas-emitting material has the function of radial blowing of the arc. This is used to limit the secondary current by cooling and extending the arc.
• the solution with recourse to the illustrated support ring ensures a mastery of the consequences of higher Pulse currents.
• the support ring can be made electrically conductive or insulating. Decisive is the resulting internal stabilization of the components of the spark gap, by a more even distribution of the load on the one hand and on the other hand by an improvement in the mechanical properties as a whole.
• the pressure which builds up in the relaxation area of the hot gases within the spark gap, acts directly on the area of the active gas-emitting components. This is done on the one hand directly by gases, which can penetrate via column of stack parts, and on the other hand indirectly on the mobility of the individual spark gap sections under or against each other. Such a movement is particularly critical if the gas delivery is not uniform and all sides in the relaxation area, as this can lead to an uneven pressure load and thus to notch effects and damage to individual parts.
• a pressure-resistant cooling space is created.
• This solution causes a uniform distribution of the pressure or force effect on the active gas-emitting components and also avoids a direct gas flow between the cooling space and the active parts or the arc furnace and the cooling space.
• a slipped centering and insulating body is placed on the guide extension of the main electrode as a disc with a guide extension, wherein the insulating body surrounds the disc of the main electrode in a preferred variant laterally.
• a seal in particular a sealing ring can be arranged.
• the high-performance spark gap according to the invention in a rotationally symmetrical embodiment is based on the coaxial arrangement of the cups Blow-off electrode and screwed support ring constructed quasi-stapeiförmig, wherein the initially only one side flanged hollow cylindrical outer housing receives the stack assembly.
• a pressing and mechanical contacting of the individual preassembled components of the stack arrangement of the spark gap with a total resulting very high mechanical stability and associated load capacity.
• Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a high-performance spark gap according to the invention with inherently pressure-resistant cooling space and
• FIG. 2/1, 2/2 representations along the line A-A, B-B of FIG. 1 as well as a detail.
• Fig. 1 In the spark gap of Fig. 1 is located within an outer housing 1, the arrangement of active and passive components.
• an inner cup 8 is provided to form the pressure-resistant Abkssel, which is surrounded by an outer cup 9 at a distance to obtain a gas cooling channel 12.
• one of the main electrodes which is realized as a hollow-cylindrical blow-out electrode 3, extends into it.
• a discharge ring 3 laterally encompassing support ring 7 is provided on the open side of the cup assembly.
• the support ring 7 has an external thread, which corresponds to an internal thread in the outer cup 9.
• lateral gas outlet openings 10 are present, wherein between the inner and the outer cup 8, 9 at least the aforementioned gas cooling channel 12 is formed, and between the outer wall of the outer cup 9 and the inner wall of the outer casing 1, another gas cooling channel 13 is befindl I ,
• the underside of the blow-out electrode 3 is closed, but has lateral gas outlet openings 19.
• the underside of the blow-out electrode 3 further has a guide extension 14, which engages in a complementary recess in the inner cup 8.
• a gas cooling channel 15 is located, which extends into a threaded opening 16 of the inner cup 8.
• This threaded opening 16 forms an element of the terminal 17, e.g. a screw contact.
• Each of the aforementioned cups 8, 9 of the coaxial arrangement has a circular nozzle 25; 26, wherein the circular ring nozzle 25 of the inner cup 8 is mounted in the diameter-matched circular nozzle piece 26 of the outer cup 9 and in the region of the circular nozzle piece 26 of the outer cup 9, the outer housing 1 rests positively.
• the positive connection is achieved here by a flanging in a press-forming process.
• a sleeve or disc 6 made of a gas-emitting material, e.g. POM arranged so that sets in the case of igniting the arc, a radial blowing of the same.
• the blowing electrode 3 opposite, further main electrode 2 is formed in the form of a disc 27 with guide extension 28.
• the guide extension 28 has a threaded bore for Ranbitie- tion.
• a second slipped insulating 4 is placed on the guide extension 28 of the other main electrode 2, said insulating body 11, the disc 27 of the main electrode 2 according to the embodiment of FIG. 1 laterally surrounds.
• a seal in particular in the form of a sealing ring.
• the above-described high-performance spark gap enables a doubling of the surge current carrying capacity from approximately 25 kA to 50 kA while at the same time maintaining high ignition safety and optimum gas cooling behavior.
• the inner and the outer cup ien cost reducing from less erosion resistant material ien, z.
• these materials should have a preferably good heat conduction and high heat capacity.
• the inner cup 8 has, as shown in the principle sectional view of FIG. 1 removable, a particularly strong wall and a reinforced floor, so that an increased arcing erosion is compensated and fürschmelzonne can be avoided.
• a plurality of holes 10 are coaxially distributed, which are placed in one or more circumferential grooves 11.
• the gap or the gas guide channel 13 between the outer cup 9 and the outer housing 1 can be made wider.
• spiral-shaped ventilation ducts of small cross-section may be present, which have a large ratio of their circumference to the cross-section, resulting in better cooling.
• the circumferential grooves 11 and the gap between the outer cup and the outer housing serve to receive melt, whereby a clogging of the holes 10 is reliably avoided.
• circumferential grooves in one embodiment, the execution of a circumferential spiral is conceivable or it is additionally possible, vertical grooves, z. B. in the longitudinal axis of the arrangement to realize.
• FIG. 2/1 and 2/2 the area of the vents in the bottom of the blow-out electrode 3 as well as the inner 8 and the outer cup 9 is shown.
• This venting can be realized by means of spiral grooves, wherein, in addition or instead of such spiral grooves (FIG. 1), as shown in the illustrations according to FIG. 2/1 and 2/2 illustrated, several holes in the bottom of the inner cup 8 (section A) can be introduced. Through these holes 30 gas and melt reaches the bottom of the outer cup 9, which has a circumferential groove 32 with respect to the holes offset channels or a multiply fed spiral (section B / reference 32).
• the support ring 7 is made of stainless steel in the embodiment shown and can take over the function of the potential control.
• the centering bodies 4 and 5 embed the main electrode 2, the centering body 5 forming the insulating flashover gap.
• the sleeve or disc 6 represents the conductive or semiconductive gas donating rollover stretch portion, wherein the support ring 7 carries the sleeve or disc 6.

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• Plasma Technology (AREA)
• Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
• Casings For Electric Apparatus (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=38042911

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (1)

Family Cites Families (9)

• 2006
  • 2006-11-22 CN CN200680056157XA patent/CN101529677B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-11-22 AT AT06819662T patent/ATE484867T1/de active
  • 2006-11-22 WO PCT/EP2006/068747 patent/WO2008046454A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2006-11-22 DE DE502006008106T patent/DE502006008106D1/de active Active
  • 2006-11-22 EP EP06819662A patent/EP2080253B1/fr not_active Not-in-force

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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