EP2073178B1 - Method for electronically checking the functionality of a piezo-electric signal generator of a warning system - Google Patents
Method for electronically checking the functionality of a piezo-electric signal generator of a warning system Download PDFInfo
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- EP2073178B1 EP2073178B1 EP20070150340 EP07150340A EP2073178B1 EP 2073178 B1 EP2073178 B1 EP 2073178B1 EP 20070150340 EP20070150340 EP 20070150340 EP 07150340 A EP07150340 A EP 07150340A EP 2073178 B1 EP2073178 B1 EP 2073178B1
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- signal generator
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B3/00—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems
- G08B3/10—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
- G08B29/12—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems
- G08B29/126—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems of annunciator circuits
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
- G08B29/12—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems
- G08B29/14—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems checking the detection circuits
Definitions
- the function check is subdivided into the visual inspection and the so-called alarm check. During the visual inspection it should be determined whether the smoke alarm device is still able to pass smoke particles into its interior smoke chamber, or whether it is e.g. completely soiled, masked or mechanically damaged in any way.
- the alarm check is to ensure that the smoke detector can also generate the required types of alarm in the event of smoke.
- the mandatory type of alarm is the acoustic alarm.
- an additional visual alarm can be provided.
- the alarm check can alternatively be performed remotely.
- the standard in an appendix states that the triggering signal from a distance is in principle a parallel function to the manually operated test button and that necessary equipment must be accessible in the outdoor area of the smoke alarm device.
- smoke alarms with radio transmission of their state to a polling point are allowed and smoke detectors that communicate with each other either via wire connection or wireless connections, so-called linked smoke detectors.
- the aim of the invention is therefore to provide a method to allow the external service provider the possibility of a standard-compliant alarm test from a distance, in warning of any kind such as the already mentioned Smoke detectors, but also with gas, humidity or flame alarms or similar. with piezoelectric signalers.
- An additional aim of the invention is to carry out this alarm check as inaudibly as possible for the respective renter. This is urgently needed because in the least cases it is possible to agree with the tenant on the part of the external service provider an exact date on which a remote alarm is audited. Without such a vote, of course, a loud alarm test from a distance can not be carried out, since the tenant then registered an alarm and possibly without checking whether there is actually a cause for the alarm, calls the fire brigade or takes similar unnecessary measures.
- a communication link between the alarm and the remote location of the alarm or checkpoint.
- This communication link can be made via different media. Most meaningful is the structure of a radio link. Of course, you can also choose a communication link, which consists of a wire connection between the alarm and, for example, a located in the stairwell of a residential building second communication point. Also conceivable are other signal communication options known today via infrared, etc. The type of transmission of the necessary signals via a Communication link is not relevant to the invention and forms the state of the art known today.
- the method according to the invention provides that the signal generator is supplied with such an electrical control signal which is dimensioned by the time duration and magnitude of the signal in such a way that it permits largely silent activation of the signal generator and that the electrical response signal of the signal generator is detected upon activation and compared with a previously determined desired signal. If the response signal coincides with the desired signal, the given functionality of the signal generator is concluded.
- the signal generator is excited in its activation to vibrate in its natural frequency.
- the previously determined desired signal is stored in a value table in a memory of an electronic unit of the warning alarm.
- the table of values is in principle organized in the manner of a look-up table. In it, binary values are stored, which represent the course of the desired signal.
- the response signal is measured in the form of its natural oscillation and in addition a summation of successive maximum and minimum voltage values U-min. and U-max. is determined, from which the volume of the signaler in case of alarm under nominal operating conditions is concluded.
- the already mentioned value table can advantageously be extended by values that have been determined at different ambient temperatures for the desired signal. This takes into account the fact that the alarm can be installed in rooms with different ambient temperatures or that the room temperature fluctuates.
- the check of the functionality of the signal generator is advantageously over a fixed predetermined period, for example, every 7 days made.
- the method is used wirelessly or via a wiring.
- the wireless signal communication by radio is preferred.
- a smoke alarm device which corresponds to the state of the art today, then it consists according to FIG. 1 a housing (1), a smoke chamber (2), electronics (3), an acoustic signal transmitter (4) and possibly a light-emitting diode (5).
- a battery is used in most cases (6).
- the smoke detector can have an integrated power supply (7) and an additional backup battery (6). operate.
- the housing is to be designed so that smoke can pass through the housing (1) to the smoke chamber (2), eg lamellar constructions (8).
- a button (9) is provided to trigger the manual alarm check.
- the button (9) is pressed and thus the electronics (3) controlled manually, whereupon the electronics (3) then controls the acoustic alarm (4), which is usually designed as a piezo-electric acoustic signal generator.
- the electronic device then also activates the light-emitting diode (5).
- the alarm checking process is completed, or after a certain period of time, for example 10 seconds, automatically terminated. No smoke is needed for this alarm test, but it simulates, via this special function, that smoke has penetrated into the smoke chamber in an amount sufficient to trigger an alarm.
- the acoustic alarm transmitter (4) In order for the acoustic alarm transmitter (4) to sound at its full volume in accordance with the standard, it must be controlled with a specific voltage from the electronics (3). In the case of a piezo-electric alarm, the volume depends inter alia on the drive voltage. In order to make an audible alarm inaudible, you can control the piezoelectric acoustic signal generator with a very low voltage and this only for a very short period of time. In this case, as an acoustic signal contains only an almost inaudible noise, which goes down in the general background noise of the usual environment. In order to be able to use this silent function in accordance with the standards, it must first be ensured that it can be concluded from the silent mode that, in the event of an alarm, the piezoelectric acoustic signal generator applies the required standard-compliant volume.
- this is ensured by completely measuring the piezo-electric acoustic signal transmitter to be used in such a way that it is driven with different operating voltages from zero to its maximum voltage, for example in 0.1 V steps.
- the piezoelectric acoustic signal generator is excited to oscillate in its natural frequency. With just one excitation, the vibration will take the form of a decaying sinusoid. According to FIG. 2 results in a decaying sine with decreasing U-min. and U-max. Peak values at the feedback / feedback output of the piezo. Take, for example, eight oscillations, we obtain the period and thus the frequency by dividing the time t for 8 oscillations by 8 and calculates the frequency from the period obtained. In this case, this is then the natural frequency oscillation of the piezoelectric acoustic signal generator. At the same time you can between according to FIG. 2 Eight different U-max. and U-min. values form differences and form the sum of all U-max.
- a check of the piezoelectric acoustic signal generator is made by controlling it with the same voltage stored in the value table. That the piezo-electric acoustic signal generator is driven with a specific voltage value, then the natural frequency is determined and then the sum of the first eight U-max. and U-min. values is formed. The resulting result is then compared with the value table stored in the memory (11). If no significant deviations are detected here, it can be concluded that the piezoelectric acoustic signal transmitter is still in a ready state.
- this test result from the electronics (3) via a radio transmitter (10) at certain time intervals, e.g. every minute, sent and can be received and evaluated with a receiver.
- a so-called transceiver (12) that is to say a combination of receiver and transmitter, is located in the smoke alarm device instead of a transmitter (10).
- the smoke detectors are controlled via the transceiver (12), whereupon the transceiver (12) via the electronics (3) queries the memory (11) and the result is then subsequently transmitted via the transceiver (12) to the interrogator.
- the requesting body via the transceiver (12) the electronics (3) request to control the piezoelectric alarm transmitter (4) according to the invention. Subsequently, the electronics (3) directly transmits the result via the transceiver (12) to the interrogator.
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Fire Alarms (AREA)
- Alarm Systems (AREA)
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Description
Seit dem Jahr 2006 gibt es eine harmonisierte europäische Norm mit dem Titel prEN14604 als Baumusterrichtlinie in der Europäischen Union. Mit Datum vom 01.08.2008 wird diese Norm für die Inverkehrbringung von Rauchwarnmeldern zwingend vorgeschrieben. Diese Norm beschreibt im Detail den notwendigen Aufbau eines Rauchmelders und die technischen Prüfungen, um eine Zertifizierung gemäß der Norm zu erreichen. Parallel hierzu sind die einzelnen europäischen Nationalstaaten gehalten, eine sogenannte Anwendungsnorm zu entwickeln bzw. zu veröffentlichen, in der geregelt wird, wie der Rauchwarnmelder vorzugsweise in Privatwohnungen oder -häusern anzubringen ist bzw. in welchen Zimmern und worauf zu achten ist. In jeder dieser Anwendungsnormen wird unter dem Titel "Wartung und Instandhaltung" gefordert, dass Rauchwarnmelder entsprechend der jeweiligen Bedienungsanleitung des Herstellers, jedoch mindestens einmal jährlich, einer Funktionskontrolle zu unterziehen sind. Die Funktionskontrolle unterteilt sich in die Sichtprüfung und die sogenannte Alarmprüfung. Bei der Sichtprüfung soll festgestellt werden, ob der Rauchwarnmelder überhaupt noch in der Lage ist, Rauchpartikel in seine innen liegende Rauchkammer gelangen zu lassen, oder ob er z.B. vollständig verschmutzt, abgeklebt oder in irgendeiner Art und Weise mechanisch beschädigt ist.Since 2006, there is a harmonized European standard entitled prEN14604 as a design directive in the European Union. As of 01.08.2008, this standard is mandatory for the placing on the market of smoke detectors. This standard describes in detail the necessary structure of a smoke detector and the technical tests to achieve certification in accordance with the standard. In parallel, the individual European nation states are required to develop or publish a so-called application standard, which regulates how the smoke detector should preferably be installed in private homes or houses or in which rooms and what to look out for. In each of these application standards, under the title "Maintenance and Servicing", it is required that smoke detectors be subjected to a functional check in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, but at least once a year. The function check is subdivided into the visual inspection and the so-called alarm check. During the visual inspection it should be determined whether the smoke alarm device is still able to pass smoke particles into its interior smoke chamber, or whether it is e.g. completely soiled, masked or mechanically damaged in any way.
Die Alarmprüfung soll sicherstellen, dass der Rauchwarnmelder im Falle einer Rauchentwicklung auch die erforderlichen Alarmierungsarten generieren kann. Die zwingend vorgeschriebene Alarmierungsart ist die akustische Alarmierung. Optional kann zusätzlich eine optische Alarmierung erfolgen.The alarm check is to ensure that the smoke detector can also generate the required types of alarm in the event of smoke. The mandatory type of alarm is the acoustic alarm. Optionally, an additional visual alarm can be provided.
Weiterhin ist es erlaubt, dass die Alarmprüfung alternativ aus der Ferne durchgeführt werden kann. Hierbei ist in der Norm in einem Anhang ausgeführt, dass das Auslösesignal aus der Ferne im Prinzip eine Parallelfunktion zur manuell zu betätigenden Prüftaste darstellt und hierfür notwendige Gerätschaften im Außenbereich des Rauchwarnmelders zugänglich sein müssen.Furthermore, it is permitted that the alarm check can alternatively be performed remotely. Here, the standard in an appendix states that the triggering signal from a distance is in principle a parallel function to the manually operated test button and that necessary equipment must be accessible in the outdoor area of the smoke alarm device.
Weiterhin sind Rauchwarnmelder mit Funkübertragung ihres Zustandes an eine abfragende Stelle erlaubt sowie Rauchwarnmelder, die entweder über Drahtverbindung oder über drahtlose Verbindungen miteinander kommunizieren, sogenannte verlinkte Rauchwarnmelder.Furthermore, smoke alarms with radio transmission of their state to a polling point are allowed and smoke detectors that communicate with each other either via wire connection or wireless connections, so-called linked smoke detectors.
Da in der EG in vielen Nationalstaaten und in der Bundesrepublik teilweise, bundesländerabhängig, gesetzlich eine Rauchwarnmelderpflicht existiert, ergeben sich außerhalb des privat genutzten Eigentums, also im Bereich des gewerblichen Wohnbaus, zwangsläufig Ansätze, die Umsetzung dieser Rauchwarnmelderpflicht externen Dienstleistern zu überlassen. Übernimmt der Dienstleister die Aufgabe, den Rauchwarnmelder zu installieren, so muss zwingend eine Regelung für die mindestens einmal jährlich durchzuführende Alarmprüfung gefunden werden. Gemäß der vorliegenden Norm z.B. für die Bundesrepublik die DIN14676 kann die Alarmprüfung aus der Ferne erfolgen, d.h. auch von außerhalb des Wohnraumes, wenn sichergestellt ist, dass die Überprüfung aus der Ferne die in der Norm aufgeführten Anforderungen an eine manuelle Betätigung der Prüftaste vollständig erfüllt, wie zum Beispiel das Dokument
Ziel der Erfindung ist es also, ein Verfahren anzugeben, um dem externen Dienstleister die Möglichkeit einer normgerechten Alarmprüfung aus der Ferne zu ermöglichen, und zwar bei Warnmeldern jeglicher Art wie beispielsweise bei den schon erwähnten Rauchwarnmeldern, aber auch bei Gas-, Feuchte- oder Flammenwarnmeldern o.ä. mit piezo-elektrischen Signalgebern.The aim of the invention is therefore to provide a method to allow the external service provider the possibility of a standard-compliant alarm test from a distance, in warning of any kind such as the already mentioned Smoke detectors, but also with gas, humidity or flame alarms or similar. with piezoelectric signalers.
Zusätzliches Ziel der Erfindung ist es, diese Alarmprüfung möglichst unhörbar für den jeweiligen Mieter durchzuführen. Dies ist dringend notwendig, da es in den allerwenigsten Fällen gelingt, mit dem Mieter von Seiten des externen Dienstleisters einen genauen Termin abzustimmen, an dem eine Alarmprüfung aus der Ferne erfolgt. Ohne eine solche Abstimmung kann natürlich eine laute Alarmprüfung aus der Ferne nicht durchgeführt werden, da der Mieter dann einen Alarm registriert und unter Umständen ohne zu prüfen, ob tatsächlich eine Ursache für den Alarm vorliegt, die Feuerwehr ruft oder ähnliche unnötige Maßnahmen ergreift.An additional aim of the invention is to carry out this alarm check as inaudibly as possible for the respective renter. This is urgently needed because in the least cases it is possible to agree with the tenant on the part of the external service provider an exact date on which a remote alarm is audited. Without such a vote, of course, a loud alarm test from a distance can not be carried out, since the tenant then registered an alarm and possibly without checking whether there is actually a cause for the alarm, calls the fire brigade or takes similar unnecessary measures.
Dieses Ziel, wie eine unhörbare normgerechte Alarmprüfung aus der Ferne durchgeführt werden kann, wird erreicht durch das Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Weitere vorteilhafte Varianten ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.This goal, how an inaudible standard-compliant alarm test can be performed remotely, is achieved by the method with the features of claim 1. Further advantageous variants emerge from the subclaims.
Um generell eine Alarmprüfung eines Warnmelders aus der Ferne zu ermöglichen, muss eine Kommunikationsstrecke zwischen dem Warnmelder und der die Funktion auslösende oder überprüfende Stelle in der Ferne vorhanden sein. Diese Kommunikationsstrecke kann über verschiedene Medien erfolgen. Am sinnvollsten ist der Aufbau einer Funkstrecke. Selbstverständlich kann man auch eine Kommunikationsstrecke wählen, die aus einer Drahtverbindung zwischen dem Warnmelder und zum Beispiel einer im Treppenhaus eines Wohngebäudes befindlichen zweiten Kommunikationsstelle besteht. Ebenfalls denkbar sind auch andere heute bekannte Signalkommunikationsmöglichkeiten über Infrarot usw. Die Art der Übertragung der notwendigen Signale über eine Kommunikationsstrecke ist für die Erfindung auch nicht von Bedeutung und bildet den heute bekannten Stand der Technik ab.In order to generally allow a remote alarm to be audited, there must be a communication link between the alarm and the remote location of the alarm or checkpoint. This communication link can be made via different media. Most meaningful is the structure of a radio link. Of course, you can also choose a communication link, which consists of a wire connection between the alarm and, for example, a located in the stairwell of a residential building second communication point. Also conceivable are other signal communication options known today via infrared, etc. The type of transmission of the necessary signals via a Communication link is not relevant to the invention and forms the state of the art known today.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sieht vor, dass dem Signalgeber ein solches elektrisches Ansteuerungssignal zugeführt wird, das von der Zeitdauer und Höhe des Signals so bemessen ist, dass es eine weitgehend geräuschlose Aktivierung des Signalgebers gestattet und dass das elektrische Antwortsignal des Signalgebers auf die Aktivierung hin erfasst wird und mit einem zuvor ermittelten Soll-Signal verglichen wird. Bei Übereinstimmung des Antwortsignals mit dem Soll-Signal wird auf die gegebene Funktionsfähigkeit des Signalgebers geschlossen.The method according to the invention provides that the signal generator is supplied with such an electrical control signal which is dimensioned by the time duration and magnitude of the signal in such a way that it permits largely silent activation of the signal generator and that the electrical response signal of the signal generator is detected upon activation and compared with a previously determined desired signal. If the response signal coincides with the desired signal, the given functionality of the signal generator is concluded.
Es wird also eine solche Spannung an den piezo-elektrischen Signalgeber gegeben, dass dieser praktisch geräuschlos aktiviert wird. Die Signalgeberantwort wird registriert und wie ausgeführt ausgewertet. Bei beispielsweise mechanischen Beschädigungen des Gehäuses, welche den Signalgeber beeinträchtigen, sieht die Signalgeberantwort auf die Aktivierung hin ganz anders aus als im Normalfall. Ein Vergleich mit dem Soll-Wert ergibt dann solche Differenzen, dass daraus geschlossen wird, dass die Funktionsfähigkeit des Signalgebers nicht mehr gegeben ist.It is therefore given such a voltage to the piezo-electric signal generator that this is activated virtually noiseless. The signaler response is registered and evaluated as stated. For example, mechanical damage to the housing, which affect the signal generator, the signal generator response to the activation looks quite different than normal. A comparison with the target value then gives such differences that it is concluded that the functionality of the signal generator is no longer present.
Besonders vorteilhaft wird der Signalgeber bei seiner Aktivierung zum Schwingen in seiner Eigenfrequenz angeregt.Particularly advantageous is the signal generator is excited in its activation to vibrate in its natural frequency.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Variante ist vorgesehen, dass in einem Speicher einer Elektronik des Warnmelders das zuvor ermittelte Soll-Signal in einer Wertetabelle hinterlegt wird. Die Wertetabelle ist im Prinzip nach Art einer Look-up-table organisiert. In ihr sind binäre Werte hinterlegt, welche den Verlauf des Soll-Signals repräsentieren.According to an advantageous variant, it is provided that the previously determined desired signal is stored in a value table in a memory of an electronic unit of the warning alarm. The table of values is in principle organized in the manner of a look-up table. In it, binary values are stored, which represent the course of the desired signal.
Vorteilhaft ist vorgesehen, dass nach Aktivierung des Signalgebers das Antwortsignal in Form seiner Eigenschwingung gemessen wird und zusätzlich eine Summenbildung von aufeinander folgenden maximalen und minimalen Spannungswerten U-min. und U-max. ermittelt wird, woraus auf die Lautstärke des Signalgebers im Alarmfall unter Nennbetriebsbedingungen geschlossen wird.Advantageously, it is provided that after activation of the signal generator, the response signal is measured in the form of its natural oscillation and in addition a summation of successive maximum and minimum voltage values U-min. and U-max. is determined, from which the volume of the signaler in case of alarm under nominal operating conditions is concluded.
Die schon erwähnte Wertetabelle kann vorteilhaft um Werte erweitert werden, die bei unterschiedlichen Umgebungstemperaturen für das Soll-Signal festgestellt worden sind. Damit wird dem Umstand Rechnung getragen, dass der Warnmelder in Räumen mit unterschiedlicher Umgebungstemperatur installiert werden kann oder aber dass die Raumtemperatur schwankt.The already mentioned value table can advantageously be extended by values that have been determined at different ambient temperatures for the desired signal. This takes into account the fact that the alarm can be installed in rooms with different ambient temperatures or that the room temperature fluctuates.
Die Überprüfung der Funktionsfähigkeit des Signalgebers wird vorteilhaft über einen fest vorgebbaren Zeitraum, beispielsweise alle 7 Tage, vorgenommen.The check of the functionality of the signal generator is advantageously over a fixed predetermined period, for example, every 7 days made.
Wie schon erwähnt, ist es nicht erfindungswesentlich, ob das Verfahren drahtlos oder über eine Verdrahtung eingesetzt wird. Bevorzugt wird selbstverständlich die drahtlose Signalkommunikation über Funk.As already mentioned, it is not essential to the invention whether the method is used wirelessly or via a wiring. Of course, the wireless signal communication by radio is preferred.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Rauchwarnmelders beispielhaft näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to a smoke alarm.
Betrachtet man einen dem heutigen Stand der aktuellen Technik entsprechenden Rauchwarnmelder, so besteht dieser gemäß
Im Falle einer manuellen Alarmprüfung wird der Taster (9) gedrückt und damit die Elektronik (3) manuell gesteuert, worauf die Elektronik (3) dann den akustischen Alarmgeber (4) ansteuert, der in der Regel als piezo-elektrischer akustischer Signalgeber ausgeführt ist. Optional wird dann durch die Elektronik auch die Leuchtdiode (5) angesteuert. Je nach Ausführungsart wird nach dem Loslassen des Tasters (9) der Alarmprüfungsvorgang abgeschlossen, oder nach einer bestimmten Zeitdauer z.B. 10 Sekunden, automatisch abgebrochen. Für diese Alarmprüfung wird also kein Rauch benötigt, sondern simuliert über diese spezielle Funktion, dass Rauch in die Rauchkammer in einer Menge eingedrungen wäre, die zu einer Alarmauslösung ausreicht. Damit der akustische Alarmgeber (4) in seiner normgerechten vollen Lautstärke ertönt, muss er mit einer bestimmten Spannung von der Elektronik (3) angesteuert werden. Im Falle eines piezo-elektrischen Alarmgebers ist die Lautstärke unter anderem von der Ansteuerspannung abhängig. Um nunmehr eine Alarmprüfung unhörbar zu gestalten, kann man den piezo-elektrischen akustischen Signalgeber mit einer sehr niedrigen Spannung ansteuern und dies zusätzlich nur für einen sehr kurzen Zeitraum. In diesem Fall enthält man als akustisches Signal nur ein fast nicht hörbares Geräusch, was in der allgemeinen Geräuschkulisse der üblichen Umgebung untergeht. Um diese Lautlosfunktion normgerecht verwenden zu können, muss zunächst sichergestellt werden, dass aus der lautlosen Betriebsart geschlossen werden kann, dass im Alarmfall der piezo-elektrische akustische Signalgeber die erforderliche normgerechte Lautstärke aufbringt.In the case of a manual alarm test, the button (9) is pressed and thus the electronics (3) controlled manually, whereupon the electronics (3) then controls the acoustic alarm (4), which is usually designed as a piezo-electric acoustic signal generator. Optionally, the electronic device then also activates the light-emitting diode (5). Depending on the type of execution, after releasing the button (9), the alarm checking process is completed, or after a certain period of time, for example 10 seconds, automatically terminated. No smoke is needed for this alarm test, but it simulates, via this special function, that smoke has penetrated into the smoke chamber in an amount sufficient to trigger an alarm. In order for the acoustic alarm transmitter (4) to sound at its full volume in accordance with the standard, it must be controlled with a specific voltage from the electronics (3). In the case of a piezo-electric alarm, the volume depends inter alia on the drive voltage. In order to make an audible alarm inaudible, you can control the piezoelectric acoustic signal generator with a very low voltage and this only for a very short period of time. In this case, as an acoustic signal contains only an almost inaudible noise, which goes down in the general background noise of the usual environment. In order to be able to use this silent function in accordance with the standards, it must first be ensured that it can be concluded from the silent mode that, in the event of an alarm, the piezoelectric acoustic signal generator applies the required standard-compliant volume.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dies sichergestellt, indem der zu verwendende piezo-elektrische akustische Signalgeber vollständig vermessen wird und zwar in der Art und Weise, dass dieser mit unterschiedlichen Betriebsspannungen von Null bis zu seiner Maximalspannung zum Beispiel in 0,1 V-Schritten angesteuert wird.According to the invention, this is ensured by completely measuring the piezo-electric acoustic signal transmitter to be used in such a way that it is driven with different operating voltages from zero to its maximum voltage, for example in 0.1 V steps.
Durch diese Ansteuerung wird der piezo-elektrische akustische Signalgeber angeregt, in seiner Eigenfrequenz zu schwingen. Bei nur einer Anregung wird die Schwingung die Form einer abklingenden Sinuskurve annehmen. Gemäß
In der ersten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsvariante wird in einem in der Programmierung festgelegten Zeitraum, z.B. alle 7 Tage, eine Überprüfung des piezo-elektrischen akustischen Signalgebers vorgenommen, indem dieser mit der gleichen Spannung angesteuert wird, die in der Wertetabelle hinterlegt ist. D.h. der piezo-elektrische akustische Signalgeber wird mit einem bestimmten Spannungswert angesteuert, anschließend die Eigenfrequenz bestimmt und danach die Summe der ersten acht U-max.- und U-min.-Werte gebildet. Das hieraus entstehende Ergebnis wird dann mit der im Speicher (11) abgelegten Wertetabelle verglichen. Wenn hier keine signifikanten Abweichungen festgestellt werden, kann daraus geschlossen werden, dass sich der piezo-elektrische akustische Signalgeber immer noch in einem betriebsbereiten Zustand befindet. In dieser erfindungsgemäßen ersten Ausführungsvariante wird dieses Prüfungsergebnis von der Elektronik (3) über einen Funksender (10) in bestimmten Zeitintervallen, z.B. jede Minute, abgesendet und kann mit einem Empfangsgerät empfangen und begutachtet werden.In the first embodiment of the invention, in a period of time defined in the programming, e.g. Every 7 days, a check of the piezoelectric acoustic signal generator is made by controlling it with the same voltage stored in the value table. That the piezo-electric acoustic signal generator is driven with a specific voltage value, then the natural frequency is determined and then the sum of the first eight U-max. and U-min. values is formed. The resulting result is then compared with the value table stored in the memory (11). If no significant deviations are detected here, it can be concluded that the piezoelectric acoustic signal transmitter is still in a ready state. In this first embodiment according to the invention, this test result from the electronics (3) via a radio transmitter (10) at certain time intervals, e.g. every minute, sent and can be received and evaluated with a receiver.
In einer zweiten Ausführungsvariante befindet sich an Stelle eines Senders (10) im Rauchwarnmelder ein sogenannter Transceiver (12), also eine Kombination aus Empfänger und Sender. Bei dieser Ausführungsart kann dann mit einem Empfangs- und Sendegerät, welches ebenfalls über einen ähnlichen Transceiver verfügt, der Rauchwarnmelder über den Transceiver (12) angesteuert werden, woraufhin der Transceiver (12) über die Elektronik (3) den Speicher (11) abfragt und das Ergebnis dann anschließend über den Transceiver (12) zur abfragenden Stelle übermittelt wird. Alternativ kann die abfragende Stelle über den Transceiver (12) die Elektronik (3) auffordern, den piezo-elektrischen Alarmgeber (4) erfindungsgemäß anzusteuern. Anschließend übermittelt die Elektronik (3) direkt das Ergebnis über den Transceiver (12) an die abfragende Stelle.In a second embodiment variant, a so-called transceiver (12), that is to say a combination of receiver and transmitter, is located in the smoke alarm device instead of a transmitter (10). In this embodiment, then with a receiving and transmitting device, which also has a similar transceiver, the smoke detectors are controlled via the transceiver (12), whereupon the transceiver (12) via the electronics (3) queries the memory (11) and the result is then subsequently transmitted via the transceiver (12) to the interrogator. Alternatively, the requesting body via the transceiver (12) the electronics (3) request to control the piezoelectric alarm transmitter (4) according to the invention. Subsequently, the electronics (3) directly transmits the result via the transceiver (12) to the interrogator.
Claims (5)
- Method for electrically checking the functionality of a piezo-electric signal generator (4) of a warning system in the context of an alarm testing, in which an electric gating signal is transmitted to the signal generator (4) which allows for a largely noiseless activation of the signal generator (4) in terms of time period and height of the signal, and in which the electric response signal of the signal generator (4) is measured in terms of its self-oscillation in response to the activation and is compared with a given signal determined beforehand, and in addition a summation of subsequent maximal and minimal voltage values Umin and Umax is conducted, wherein in case of conformity of the response signal with the given signal the functionality of the signal generator (4) is concluded and the volume of the signal generator (4) in case of alert under nominal rating conditions is concluded by means of the summation.
- Method according to claim 1, in which the signal generator (4) at its activation is stipulated to oscillate at its resonance frequency.
- Method according to claim 1 or 2, in which the given signal determined beforehand is stored in value table in a memory (11) of an electronic (3) of the alarm system.
- Method according to claim 1, in which the value table is extended by values that are determined at different ambient temperatures.
- Method according to one of the claims 1 to 4, in which the check of the functionality of the signal generator (4) is performed over a fixed preset time period.
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EP20070150340 EP2073178B1 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2007-12-21 | Method for electronically checking the functionality of a piezo-electric signal generator of a warning system |
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DE102016110680A1 (en) | 2016-06-09 | 2017-12-14 | Techem Energy Services Gmbh | Circuit arrangement and method for controlling and checking the function of a piezoelectric sounder |
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US20130147620A1 (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-06-13 | Utc Fire & Security Americas Corporation, Inc. | Remote monitoring of an emergency system during test of emergency notification devices |
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US6348871B1 (en) * | 1999-09-13 | 2002-02-19 | Maple Chase | Adverse condition detection and notification apparatus |
US6836210B2 (en) * | 2002-11-12 | 2004-12-28 | Maple Chase Company | Adverse condition detector having modulated test signal |
DE102005049491A1 (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2007-04-19 | Merten Gmbh & Co. Kg | Piezoelectric alarm generator has microphone sub-panel that detects oscillations of vibrating plate from deformations of piezoelectric plate and feeds oscillation signals to reporting circuit that signals operation of alarm generator |
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