EP2072651B1 - Needle machine - Google Patents
Needle machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2072651B1 EP2072651B1 EP20080170472 EP08170472A EP2072651B1 EP 2072651 B1 EP2072651 B1 EP 2072651B1 EP 20080170472 EP20080170472 EP 20080170472 EP 08170472 A EP08170472 A EP 08170472A EP 2072651 B1 EP2072651 B1 EP 2072651B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- girder
- carrier
- machine according
- needle machine
- upper girder
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H18/00—Needling machines
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H18/00—Needling machines
- D04H18/02—Needling machines with needles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a needling machine for needling a nonwoven fabric according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a generic needle machine is for example from the DE 197 30 532 A1 known.
- the individual assemblies for guiding a nonwoven fabric and for needling the nonwoven fabric are arranged in a multi-part machine frame.
- very high process forces are introduced via the assembly in the machine frame.
- at least one of the assemblies on an oscillatingly driven needle bar which holds a plurality of needles on an underside and is driven to oscillate at high speed.
- the assemblies are held by an upper carrier and a sub-carrier, which are arranged by a plurality of support beams to a distance.
- a non-woven pad for guiding and receiving the non-woven fabric to be needled and a cooperating with the non-woven pad needle bar is arranged, which is connected via a plurality of connecting rods with a crank drive.
- So steel sheets are known in the range up to 120 mm thickness, in order to achieve high stiffnesses.
- rigid machine frames have the disadvantage, in particular in the connection points, that there is no sufficient elasticity, so that loosening of the screwed connections can occur due to the changing load within the machine frame.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a generic needle machine as possible in a lightweight construction.
- At least one biasing means is provided, which braces the upper carrier with the sub-carrier or the upper carrier or the sub-carrier for generating a bias in the machine frame.
- the invention is based on the recognition that the initiation of the mass and process forces in the machine frame lead to the top carrier and the sub-carrier being periodically bent up and down against each other. In this case, high tensile and compressive forces and changing bending moments are initiated especially in the area of the support beams. This leads to periodically changing tensile and compressive stresses in the upper and lower carrier and in the support beams. In relation to the fatigue strength of the components, this represents a very unfavorable load case.
- a bias voltage is generated by a biasing means between the upper carrier and the sub-carrier or only on the upper carrier or the sub-carrier, which occurs in the operating case Counteracts tensile stresses.
- the load condition can be moved to a range that leads in particular to a higher fatigue strength of the machine frame.
- the needle machine according to the invention can be designed to be durable even for extreme applications with high process forces and high speeds.
- the development of the invention has proven to be in which the biasing means is associated with the support ends of the upper carrier and each braces the upper carrier and the sub-carrier at the respective support end.
- a bias voltage is generated in particular in the region of the transitions between the support beams and the upper carrier and the sub-carrier.
- the biasing means is formed by a plurality of compressive clamping means which generate a compressive stress acting between the upper carrier and the lower carrier, is particularly effective in order to obtain a uniform fatigue strength of the materials throughout the machine frame. This can be high pulsating loads within the Machine frame safely dominate, so that the assemblies for needling the nonwoven fabric are held with high precision, guided and movable.
- the compressive clamping device can be implemented by known design principles, which are particularly suitable for bridging large clamping lengths in the range of several meters.
- the compressive clamping means are formed by a plurality of expansion screws, which connect the upper carrier directly to the sub-carrier. With such expansion screws can be generated within a machine frame of a needle machine, a biasing force in the range of> 10,000 kN.
- the development of the invention is particularly preferably applicable, in which the compressive clamping means are formed by a plurality of force transmitters acting on the upper carrier and / or the sub-carrier.
- the force generators may include electrical, pneumatic, hydraulic or piezoelectric means to produce a clamping force.
- the force transmitters are preferably formed by piston-cylinder units which are each firmly connected by a cylinder to the upper carrier or sub-carrier and which each engage with a free end of a piston rod on the sub-carrier or upper carrier. So can be between the parent carrier and Introduce the subcarrier by one-sided loading of the piston in the feed direction a variable compressive stress.
- a tension of the sub-carrier and the upper carrier can also be advantageously achieved by the support beams are screwed in a tempered state between the upper carrier and the sub-carrier.
- the development of the invention is preferably used, in which one of the biasing means is assigned to one of the support ends of the upper carrier and one of the support ends of the subcarrier, and that the biasing means the support ends of the upper carrier and / or the support ends of the subcarrier clamped together.
- This can be advantageous to generate compressive stresses within the master carrier and the subcarrier, so that a shift of the natural frequency occurs.
- This development is particularly advantageous if the natural natural frequency of the needle machine coincides with the operating frequency.
- the top carrier, the sub-carrier and the support beams are preferably arranged to form a machine frame, wherein the support carrier both between the top carrier and the sub-carrier can be arranged as well as laterally next to the top carrier and the sub-carrier.
- This symmetrical arrangements can be realized in which the assemblies are securely held for needling and guiding the nonwoven fabric.
- Fig. 1 a first embodiment of the needle machine according to the invention is shown in several views.
- Fig. 1 is the needle machine in a front view and in Fig. 2 shown in a side view.
- the following description applies to both figures, insofar as no explicit reference is made to one of the figures.
- the needle machine has a machine frame 1, which is designed in the shape of a frame to accommodate a plurality of assemblies for guiding and needling a nonwoven fabric.
- the machine frame 1 has in an upper region on an upper support 2, which extends between a first support end 14.1 and a second support end 14.2 bar-shaped.
- Below the Oberehrs 2 is in a substantially arranged to the top support 2 parallel sub-carrier 3, which lies with its support ends 15.1 and 15.2 below the support ends 14.1 and 14.2 of the top support 2.
- two support beams 4.1 and 4.2 are arranged.
- the support beam 4.1 connect the support ends 14.1 of the upper support 2 with the support end 15.1 of the sub-carrier 3.
- the arranged on the opposite end of the machine frame 1 support beam 4.2 connects the support end 14.2 of the upper support 2 with the support end 15.1 of the sub-carrier 3.
- the sub-carrier 3 supports over several feet 27 directly on a floor.
- the upper beam 2, the sub-carrier 3 and the support beams 4.1 and 4.2 extend along the end faces of the needle machine.
- a top plate 5.1 and between the sub-carrier and the support beams 4.1 and 4.2 a second top plate 5.2 is arranged.
- the top carrier 2, the sub-carrier 3 and the support beams 4.1 and 4.2 form a frame-shaped machine frame 1.
- several assemblies and drives are integrated to needles a nonwoven fabric.
- an assembly 9.2 is shown, which shows a non-woven pad 10, which is held on a holder 11 to sub-carrier 3.
- the fleece pad 10 serves to receive a fiber web, which is continuously supplied to the fleece pad 10 via supply means (not shown here).
- One of the nonwoven underlay associated conveyor is also held by the machine frame 1.
- a needle bar 6 assigned to the fleece pad 10 is shown, which extends over the entire working width of a fiber web.
- the needle bar 6 is connected via a plurality of connecting rods 8 with a crank drive, not shown here, and is held over the upper carrier 2.
- a needle board 7 are arranged, on which a plurality of needles are attached, so that in an oscillating up and down movement of the needle bar 6, the needles penetrate the nonwoven fabric on the non-woven pad 10.
- the machine frame 1 has a biasing means 12, by which the upper carrier 2 is clamped to the sub-carrier 3 for generating a bias voltage.
- the biasing means 12 is formed by a plurality of compressive clamping means 13.1 and 13.2, which are respectively associated with the support ends 14.1 and 14.2 of the upper carrier 2.
- the pressure clamping means 13.1 and 13.2 are formed in this embodiment by a plurality of expansion screws 16, which clamp the sub-carrier 3 with the upper carrier 2.
- the expansion screws 16 penetrate the support end 14.1 of the upper carrier 2 and the support end 15.1 of the sub-carrier 3 as well as the support end 14.2 of the upper carrier 2 and the supporting end 15.2 of the sub-carrier 3.
- the expansion screws 16 are arranged distributed on the support ends 14.1 and 14.2 respectively on the ends of the end faces, as shown in the Fig. 2 evident.
- the support end 14.1 of the upper support 2 is braced with the support end 15.1 of the subcarrier 3 via a total of four expansion screws 16, wherein four expansion screws 16 are arranged at the ends of the end faces to form a group.
- Each group of expansion screws 16 is assigned at the ends of the end faces in each case an upper clamping plate 24 and a lower clamping plate 25.
- the compressive stress generated by the group of expansion screws 16 at one end of the end face over an upper clamping plate 24 at the top of the upper carrier 2 and a lower clamping plate 25 is introduced at the bottom of the sub-carrier 3 in the machine frame 1.
- the expansion screws 16 penetrate the upper beam 2, the support beam 4.1 and the sub-carrier 3 completely.
- the upper carrier 2 and the sub-carrier 3 are formed for this purpose by a box profile, which is shown in the example of the upper carrier 2 schematically Fig. 2 is shown.
- the upper carrier 2 has a box profile 22 which is formed by a plurality of steel sheets 23. The steel sheets 23 extend over the entire length of the machine.
- compression clamping means 13.1 and 13.2 can be in the machine frame 1 generate a high compressive residual stress.
- a compressive stress in the range of above 100 N / mm 2 prevails.
- the tensile stress acting by the mass and process forces on the machine frame 1, in particular in the connection point between the upper support 2 and the support support 4.1 can be counteracted so that a swelling load prevails in the operating state in the area of the compressive stress. This allows the strengths of the materials of the machine frame to be optimally exploited. Tensile loads in the joints within the machine frame 1 are avoided, resulting in a significant life extension.
- compression clamping means in the form of expansion screws is exemplary.
- the means suitable for producing prestressing such as steel silk or expansion sleeves.
- the pressure clamping means may also be formed by hydraulic or pneumatic force transmitter, in which the possibility exists when the machine is running to change the bias of the machine frame and thus change, for example, the natural frequency of the machine.
- FIG. 3 an embodiment of a needle machine according to the invention is shown schematically in a front view.
- the embodiment according to Fig. 3 is essentially identical to the embodiment according to Fig. 1 and 2 , so that reference is made to the above description and only the differences will be explained at this point.
- the force transmitter 17 are each formed by piston-cylinder units 18, wherein the piston-cylinder unit 18 is clamped between the upper carrier 2 and the lower carrier 3.
- a plurality of piston-cylinder units 18 are provided at each support end 14.1 and 14.2 of the upper support.
- the piston-cylinder units 18 are fixedly connected via a cylinder 20 to the upper carrier 2, preferably to an upper side of the upper carrier 2.
- the filled within the cylinder 20 piston has a piston rod 21 which is connected to a cantilevered free end fixed to the sub-carrier 3.
- the piston rod 21 is connected to the support end 15.1 or 15.2 of the subcarrier 3.
- connection of the piston rod 21 is preferably carried out in a bottom of the sub-carrier 3.
- hydraulic or pneumatic means can now within the cylinder 20 a force acting on the piston rod 21 tensile force, which leads to a tension of the upper carrier 2 with the sub-carrier 3.
- the pressure generated by the piston-cylinder unit 18 can be increased or decreased depending on the desired operating state, so that prevail under the machine frame 1 different bias voltages.
- the natural frequency of the machine frame 1 can be reduced by increasing the compressive stress. This measure is advantageous in the case that the needle machine must be operated in supercritical frequency ranges.
- FIG. 4 Another way of biasing a machine frame for a needle machine is by the embodiment in Fig. 4 shown.
- Fig. 4 is a further embodiment of the needle machine according to the invention shown schematically in a front view.
- the machine frame 1 is also formed in this embodiment by an upper carrier 2, a sub-carrier 3 and arranged on both end sides support beams 4.1 and 4.2.
- the support beams 4.1 and 4.2 extend in this embodiment from an upper side of the upper carrier 2 to a lower side of the lower carrier 3 and are connected to the end faces of the upper carrier 2 and to the front sides of the lower carrier 3.
- a plurality of biasing means 12.1 and 12.2 are provided for generating bias voltages within the machine frame 1.
- a first biasing means 12.1 is formed by a plurality of compressive clamping means 13.1 and 13.2, which are associated with the support ends 14.1 and 14.2 of the upper carrier 2 and the support ends 15.1 and 15.2 of the subcarrier 3.
- the pressure clamping means 13.1 and 13.2 are formed in this embodiment by a plurality of tie rods 19 which generate a thermally induced bias in the machine frame 1.
- the tie rods 19 can be fastened, for example, in the heated or in the cooled state between the upper support 2 and the lower support 3. After cooling or heating of the tie rods 19 to room temperature resulting in residual stresses that lead to the bias of the machine frame 1.
- the upper carrier 2 and the sub-carrier 3 are each assigned a plurality of expansion screws 16 which brace the support ends 14.1 and 14.2 of the upper support 2 and the support ends 15.1 and 15.2 of the sub-carrier 3 brace against each other.
- the expansion screws 16 penetrate the machine frame 1 over the entire length of the machine, wherein each of the support beams 4.1 and 4.2 outer clamping plates 26 are assigned.
- the assemblies are 9.1 and 9.2 held for guiding and needling of the nonwoven fabric in the reverse position in the machine frame 1.
- the assembly 9.2 with the fleece pad 10 is connected via the holder 11 with the upper carrier 2.
- a nonwoven fabric can be needled from below.
- the invention thus extends to any arrangements of assemblies within a frame-shaped machine frame of a needle machine. It is essential that the machine frame is assigned at least one biasing means for generating a bias voltage, in particular to clamp the upper carrier with the sub-carrier. In this case, such designs are detected in which the sub-carrier is formed by the concrete foundation of the needle machine.
- connections between the individual machine parts of the machine frame 1 can be produced both by welded connections or by screw connections. Due to the higher preloads in the machine frame thus high Nadeleinstich valve and high speeds can be realized even in lightweight construction. By making better use of the materials within the machine frame, materials can also be saved whereby weight reduction leads directly to cost savings.
- the connecting areas between the individual parts of the machine frame can be selectively biased according to the invention so that only swelling loads act in the connection points of the frame parts of the machine frame.
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- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Nadelmaschine zum Vernadeln eines Faservlieses gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a needling machine for needling a nonwoven fabric according to the preamble of
Eine gattungsgemäße Nadelmaschine ist beispielsweise aus der
Bei der bekannten Nadelmaschine sind die einzelnen Baugruppen zur Führung eines Faservlieses und zum Vernadeln des Faservlieses in einem mehrteiligen Maschinengestell angeordnet. Hierbei werden insbesondere beim Vernadeln des Faservlieses sehr hohe Prozesskräfte über die Baugruppe in das Maschinengestell eingeleitet. So weist zumindest eine der Baugruppen einen oszillierend angetriebenen Nadelbalken auf, der an einer Unterseite eine Vielzahl von Nadeln hält und mit hoher Geschwindigkeit oszillierend angetrieben wird. Die Baugruppen werden durch einen Oberträger und einen Unterträger gehalten, die durch mehrere Stützträger zu einem Abstand angeordnet sind. In dem zwischen dem Oberträger und dem Unterträger des Maschinengestells gebildeten Freiraum ist eine Vliesunterlage zur Führung und Aufnahme des zu vernadelnden Faservlieses und ein mit der Vliesunterlage zusammenwirkender Nadelbalken angeordnet, welcher über mehrere Pleuelstangen mit einem Kurbelantrieb verbunden ist.In the known needle machine, the individual assemblies for guiding a nonwoven fabric and for needling the nonwoven fabric are arranged in a multi-part machine frame. In this case, especially when needling the nonwoven fabric very high process forces are introduced via the assembly in the machine frame. Thus, at least one of the assemblies on an oscillatingly driven needle bar, which holds a plurality of needles on an underside and is driven to oscillate at high speed. The assemblies are held by an upper carrier and a sub-carrier, which are arranged by a plurality of support beams to a distance. In the space formed between the upper carrier and the sub-carrier of the machine frame, a non-woven pad for guiding and receiving the non-woven fabric to be needled and a cooperating with the non-woven pad needle bar is arranged, which is connected via a plurality of connecting rods with a crank drive.
Bei der bekannten Nadelmaschine müssen insbesondere bei hohen Produktionsgeschwindigkeiten erhebliche Massen- und Prozesskräfte durch den Oberträger und den Unterträger aufgenommen werden. Da diese Kräfte periodisch auftreten, besteht die Gefahr, dass im Betriebsbereich der Nadelmaschine Eigenfrequenzen der Maschine angeregt werden, die zu Instabilitäten des Prozesses führen können. Des Weiteren besteht bei einer zu hohen dynamischen Belastung des Maschinegestells die Gefahr, dass zwischen dem Oberträger und der Unterträger Durchbiegungen eintreten, die sich unmittelbar in unterschiedliche Einstichtiefen der Nadeln über der gesamten Arbeitsbreite der Faservliesbahn auswirkt. Um derartige Durchbiegungen zu vermeiden, ist es bekannt, die Steifigkeit des Oberträgers und des Unterträgers durch Verwendung dickwandiger Stahlbleche und Profile anzupassen. So sind Stahlbleche im Bereich bis zu 120 mm Stärke bekannt, um hohe Steifigkeiten zu erreichen. Derartige steife Maschinengestelle haben jedoch insbesondere in den Verbindungsstellen den Nachteil, dass keine ausreichende Dehnfähigkeit vorhanden ist, so dass durch die wechselnde Belastung innerhalb des Maschinengestells ein Lösen der Verschraubungen eintreten kann.In the known needle machine, considerable mass and process forces must be absorbed by the upper carrier and the lower carrier, especially at high production speeds. Since these forces occur periodically, there is a risk that in the operating range of the needle machine natural frequencies of the machine are excited, which can lead to instabilities of the process. Of Furthermore, if the dynamic loading of the machine frame is too high, there is a risk that deflections will occur between the upper carrier and the lower carrier, which will have an immediate effect on different penetration depths of the needles over the entire working width of the nonwoven web. In order to avoid such deflections, it is known to adapt the rigidity of the upper carrier and the lower carrier by using thick-walled steel sheets and profiles. So steel sheets are known in the range up to 120 mm thickness, in order to achieve high stiffnesses. However, such rigid machine frames have the disadvantage, in particular in the connection points, that there is no sufficient elasticity, so that loosening of the screwed connections can occur due to the changing load within the machine frame.
Es ist nun Aufgabe der Erfindung eine Nadelmaschine der gattungsgemäßen Art derart weiterzubilden, dass selbst bei höchsten dynamischen Belastungen gleichmäßige Vemadelungen eines Faservlieses über eine möglichst lange Betriebszeit ausführbar sind.It is an object of the invention to develop a needle machine of the generic type such that even with the highest dynamic loads uniform needling of a fiber fleece over the longest possible operating time are executable.
Ein weiteres Ziel der Erfindung liegt darin, eine gattungsgemäße Nadelmaschine möglichst in einer Leichtbauweise bereitzustellen.Another object of the invention is to provide a generic needle machine as possible in a lightweight construction.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass zumindest ein Vorspannmittel vorgesehen ist, welches den Oberträger mit dem Unterträger oder den Oberträger oder den Unterträger zur Erzeugung einer Vorspannung in dem Maschinengestell verspannt.This object is achieved in that at least one biasing means is provided, which braces the upper carrier with the sub-carrier or the upper carrier or the sub-carrier for generating a bias in the machine frame.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind durch die Merkmale und Merkmalskombinationen der jeweiligen Unteransprüche definiert.Advantageous developments of the invention are defined by the features and feature combinations of the respective subclaims.
Die Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass die Einleitung der Massen- und Prozesskräfte in dem Maschinengestell dazu führen, dass der Oberträger und der Unterträger gegeneinander periodisch auf- und zusammengebogen werden. Dabei werden insbesondere im Bereich der Stützträger hohe Zug- und Druckkräfte sowie wechselnde Biegemomente eingeleitet. Dies führt zu periodisch wechselnden Zug- und Druckspannungen im Ober- und Unterträger sowie in den Stützträgern. Im Bezug auf die Dauerfestigkeit der Bauteile stellt dies einen sehr ungünstigen Lastfall dar. Um den ungünstigen Lastfall zu verändern, wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Vorspannmittel zwischen dem Oberträger und dem Unterträger oder nur an dem Oberträger oder dem Unterträger eine Vorspannung erzeugt, die im Betriebsfall den auftretenden Zugspannungen entgegenwirkt. Somit lässt sich der Lastzustand in einen Bereich verschieben, der insbesondere zu einer höheren Dauerfestigkeit des Maschinengestells führt. Dadurch kann die erfindungsgemäße Nadelmaschine selbst für extreme Anwendungen mit hohen Prozesskräften und hohen Drehzahlen dauerfest ausgelegt werden.The invention is based on the recognition that the initiation of the mass and process forces in the machine frame lead to the top carrier and the sub-carrier being periodically bent up and down against each other. In this case, high tensile and compressive forces and changing bending moments are initiated especially in the area of the support beams. This leads to periodically changing tensile and compressive stresses in the upper and lower carrier and in the support beams. In relation to the fatigue strength of the components, this represents a very unfavorable load case. In order to change the unfavorable load case, according to the invention a bias voltage is generated by a biasing means between the upper carrier and the sub-carrier or only on the upper carrier or the sub-carrier, which occurs in the operating case Counteracts tensile stresses. Thus, the load condition can be moved to a range that leads in particular to a higher fatigue strength of the machine frame. As a result, the needle machine according to the invention can be designed to be durable even for extreme applications with high process forces and high speeds.
Als besonders wirksam zur Erzeugung und Einleitung von Vorspannungen hat sich die Weiterbildung der Erfindung bewährt, bei welcher das Vorspannmittel den Stützenden des Oberträgers zugeordnet ist und jeweils den Oberträger und den Unterträger an dem betreffenden Stützende miteinander verspannt. Hierbei wird insbesondere im Bereich der Übergänge zwischen den Stützträgern und dem Oberträger und dem Unterträger eine Vorspannung erzeugt.Particularly effective for the generation and introduction of bias voltages, the development of the invention has proven to be in which the biasing means is associated with the support ends of the upper carrier and each braces the upper carrier and the sub-carrier at the respective support end. Here, a bias voltage is generated in particular in the region of the transitions between the support beams and the upper carrier and the sub-carrier.
Die erfindungsgemäße Weiterbildung, bei welcher das Vorspannmittel durch mehrere Druckspannmittel gebildet ist, die eine zwischen dem Oberträger und dem Unterträger wirkende Druckspannung erzeugen, ist besonders wirkungsvoll, um im gesamten Maschinengestell eine gleichmäßige Dauerfestigkeit der Materialien zu erhalten. Damit lassen sich hohe pulsierende Belastungen innerhalb des Maschinengestells sicher beherrschen, so dass die Baugruppen zum Vernadeln des Faservlieses mit hoher Präzision gehalten, geführt und bewegbar sind.The development according to the invention, in which the biasing means is formed by a plurality of compressive clamping means which generate a compressive stress acting between the upper carrier and the lower carrier, is particularly effective in order to obtain a uniform fatigue strength of the materials throughout the machine frame. This can be high pulsating loads within the Machine frame safely dominate, so that the assemblies for needling the nonwoven fabric are held with high precision, guided and movable.
Zur Erzeugung der zwischen dem Oberträger und dem Unterträger wirkenden Druckspannung lässt sich das Druckspannmittel durch bekannte Konstruktionsprinzipien ausführen, die insbesondere zur Überbrückung großer Spannlängen im Bereich von mehreren Metern geeignet sind.In order to generate the compressive stress acting between the upper carrier and the lower carrier, the compressive clamping device can be implemented by known design principles, which are particularly suitable for bridging large clamping lengths in the range of several meters.
Eine mechanisch einfache und wirkungsvolle Ausbildung der Druckspannmittel ist insbesondere durch die Weiterbildung der Erfindung gegeben, bei welcher die Druckspannmittel durch mehrere Dehnschrauben gebildet sind, die den Oberträger direkt mit dem Unterträger verbinden. Mit derartigen Dehnschrauben kann innerhalb eines Maschinengestells einer Nadelmaschine eine Vorspannkraft im Bereich von >10.000 kN erzeugt werden.A mechanically simple and effective design of the compressive clamping means is given in particular by the development of the invention, in which the compressive clamping means are formed by a plurality of expansion screws, which connect the upper carrier directly to the sub-carrier. With such expansion screws can be generated within a machine frame of a needle machine, a biasing force in the range of> 10,000 kN.
Um möglichst die Vorspannung zwischen dem Oberträger und dem Unterträger bestimmten Betriebszuständen anpassen zu können, ist die Weiterbildung der Erfindung besonders bevorzugt einsetzbar, bei welcher die Druckspannmittel durch mehrere Kraftgeber gebildet sind, die auf den Oberträger und/oder den Unterträger einwirken. Die Kraftgeber können elektrische, pneumatische, hydraulische oder piezoelektrische Mittel aufweisen, um eine Spannkraft zu erzeugen. Durch Ansteuerung der Kraftgeber lassen sich somit unterschiedliche Vorspannzustände an dem Maschinengestell realisieren. Hierdurch lässt sich Einfluss auf die Eigenfrequenz des Maschinenrahmens nehmen.In order to be able to adjust as much as possible the bias voltage between the upper carrier and the lower carrier to certain operating conditions, the development of the invention is particularly preferably applicable, in which the compressive clamping means are formed by a plurality of force transmitters acting on the upper carrier and / or the sub-carrier. The force generators may include electrical, pneumatic, hydraulic or piezoelectric means to produce a clamping force. By controlling the force transmitter can thus realize different bias states on the machine frame. This makes it possible to influence the natural frequency of the machine frame.
Die Kraftgeber werden hierzu vorzugsweise durch Kolbenzylindereinheiten gebildet, die jeweils durch einen Zylinder fest mit dem Oberträger oder Unterträger verbunden sind und die jeweils mit einem freien Ende einer Kolbenstange an dem Unterträger oder Oberträger angreifen. So lässt sich zwischen dem Oberträger und dem Unterträger durch einseitige Belastung des Kolbens in Einzugrichtung eine veränderliche Druckspannung einleiten.For this purpose, the force transmitters are preferably formed by piston-cylinder units which are each firmly connected by a cylinder to the upper carrier or sub-carrier and which each engage with a free end of a piston rod on the sub-carrier or upper carrier. So can be between the parent carrier and Introduce the subcarrier by one-sided loading of the piston in the feed direction a variable compressive stress.
Grundsätzlich sind auch andere Druckspannmittel einsetzbar, wie beispielsweise Zugstangen, die während der Montage zwischen dem Ober- und dem Unterträger gespannt werden.In principle, other pressure clamping means are used, such as tie rods, which are stretched during assembly between the upper and the lower carrier.
Eine Verspannung des Unterträgers und des Oberträgers lässt sich auch vorteilhaft dadurch erreichen, indem die Stützträger in einem temperierten Zustand zwischen dem Oberträger und dem Unterträger verschraubt werden.A tension of the sub-carrier and the upper carrier can also be advantageously achieved by the support beams are screwed in a tempered state between the upper carrier and the sub-carrier.
Um insbesondere die Eigenfrequenz eines der Maschinengestellteile zu beeinflussen, wird bevorzugt die Weiterbildung der Erfindung genutzt, bei welcher eines der Vorspannmittel einem der Stützenden des Oberträgers und einem der Stützenden des Unterträgers zugeordnet ist, und dass das Vorspannmittel die Stützenden des Oberträgers und / oder die Stützenden des Unterträgers miteinander verspannt. Damit lassen sich vorteilhaft Druckspannungen innerhalb des Oberträgers und des Unterträgers erzeugen, so dass eine Verschiebung der Eigenfrequenz eintritt. Diese Weiterbildung ist insbesondere vorteilhaft, falls die natürliche Eigenfrequenz der Nadelmaschine mit der Betriebsfrequenz zusammenfällt.In order to influence in particular the natural frequency of one of the machine frame parts, the development of the invention is preferably used, in which one of the biasing means is assigned to one of the support ends of the upper carrier and one of the support ends of the subcarrier, and that the biasing means the support ends of the upper carrier and / or the support ends of the subcarrier clamped together. This can be advantageous to generate compressive stresses within the master carrier and the subcarrier, so that a shift of the natural frequency occurs. This development is particularly advantageous if the natural natural frequency of the needle machine coincides with the operating frequency.
Für den Aufbau des Oberträgers und des Unterträgers haben sich insbesondere Kastenprofile bewährt, die aus mehreren Stahlblechen zusammengefügt sind. Durch die gezielte Erzeugung von Vorspannungen können dabei jedoch relativ dünnwandige Stahlbleche verwendet werden, was sich unmittelbar in eine Gewichtsreduzierung und Kostenersparnis auswirkt.For the construction of the upper carrier and the sub-carrier in particular box profiles have proven that are assembled from several steel sheets. However, by the targeted generation of bias voltages can be used relatively thin-walled steel sheets, which directly affects weight reduction and cost savings.
Der Oberträger, der Unterträger und die Stützträger sind vorzugsweise zu einem Maschinenrahmen angeordnet, wobei der Stützträger sowohl zwischen dem Oberträger und dem Unterträger als auch seitlich neben dem Oberträger und dem Unterträger angeordnet sein kann. Damit lassen sich symmetrische Anordnungen realisieren, in denen die Baugruppen zum Vernadeln und Führen des Faservlieses sicher gehalten sind.The top carrier, the sub-carrier and the support beams are preferably arranged to form a machine frame, wherein the support carrier both between the top carrier and the sub-carrier can be arranged as well as laterally next to the top carrier and the sub-carrier. This symmetrical arrangements can be realized in which the assemblies are securely held for needling and guiding the nonwoven fabric.
Die erfindungsgemäße Nadelmaschine wird nachfolgend anhand einiger Ausführungsbeispiele unter Bezug auf die beigefügten Figuren näher erläutert.The needle machine according to the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to some embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures.
- Fig. 1Fig. 1
- schematisch eine Vorderansicht eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Nadelmaschineschematically a front view of a first embodiment of the needle machine according to the invention
- Fig. 2Fig. 2
-
schematisch eine Seitenansicht des Ausführungsbeispiels aus
Fig. 1 schematically a side view of the embodiment ofFig. 1 - Fig. 3Fig. 3
- schematisch eine Vorderansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungemäßen Nadelmaschineschematically a front view of another embodiment of erfindungemäßen needle machine
- Fig. 4Fig. 4
- schematisch eine Vorderansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Nadelmaschineschematically a front view of another embodiment of a needle machine according to the invention
In den
Die Nadelmaschine weist ein Maschinengestell 1 auf, das rahmenförmig ausgebildet ist um mehrere Baugruppen zur Führung und zur Vernadelung eines Faservlieses aufzunehmen. Das Maschinengestell 1 weist in einem oberen Bereich einen Oberträger 2 auf, der sich zwischen einem ersten Stützende 14.1 und einem zweiten Stützende 14.2 balkenförmig erstreckt. Unterhalb des Oberträgers 2 ist im wesentlichen ein zum Oberträger 2 parallel ausgerichteter Unterträger 3 angeordnet, der mit seinen Stützenden 15.1 und 15.2 unterhalb der Stützenden 14.1 und 14.2 des Oberträgers 2 liegt. Zwischen dem Oberträger 2 und dem Unterträger 3 sind zwei Stützträger 4.1 und 4.2 angeordnet.The needle machine has a
Wie aus der
Wie aus der Darstellung in
Bei hohen Prozessgeschwindigkeiten werden insbesondere durch den Antrieb und die Bewegung des Nadelbalkens 6 hohe dynamische Massenkräfte und Prozesskräfte erzeugt, die auf den Oberträger 2 und somit auf den Maschinenrahmen 1 einwirken. Um dabei insbesondere die Wirkung von Zugspannungen in dem Maschinenrahmen 1 zu vermeiden, weist der Maschinenrahmen 1 ein Vorspannmittel 12 auf, durch welches der Oberträger 2 mit dem Unterträger 3 zur Erzeugung einer Vorspannung verspannt ist. Das Vorspannmittel 12 wird durch mehrere Druckspannmittel 13.1 und 13.2 gebildet, die jeweils den Stützenden 14.1 und 14.2 des Oberträgers 2 zugeordnet sind. Die Druckspannmittel 13.1 und 13.2 sind in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel durch mehrere Dehnschrauben 16 ausgebildet, die den Unterträger 3 mit dem Oberträger 2 verspannen. Die Dehnschrauben 16 durchdringen hierzu das Stützende 14.1 des Oberträgers 2 und das Stützende 15.1 des Unterträgers 3 sowie das Stützende 14.2 des Oberträgers 2 und das Stützende 15.2 des Unterträgers 3.At high process speeds 6 high dynamic inertia forces and process forces are generated in particular by the drive and the movement of the needle bar, which act on the
Die Dehnschrauben 16 sind an den Stützenden 14.1 und 14.2 jeweils auf die Enden der Stirnseiten verteilt angeordnet, wie aus der Darstellung in
Wie in
Durch die an den Stützenden 14.1 und 14.2 angeordneten Druckspannmittel 13.1 und 13.2 lässt sich in dem Maschinenrahmen 1 eine hohe Druckeigenspannung erzeugen. So konnten durch Rechenmodelle aufgezeigt werden, dass beispielsweise im Übergangsbereich zwischen dem Oberträger 2 und dem Stützträger 4.1 oder 4.2 eine Druckspannung im Bereich von oberhalb 100 N/mm2 vorherrscht. Somit lassen sich die durch die Massen- und Prozesskräfte an dem Maschinenrahmen 1 insbesondere in der Verbindungsstelle zwischen dem Oberträger 2 und dem Stützträger 4.1 wirkenden Zugspannung entgegenwirken, so dass im Betriebszustand eine schwellende Belastung im Bereich der Druckspannung vorherrscht. Damit lasen sich die Festigkeiten der Werkstoffe des Maschinenrahmens optimal ausnutzen. Zugbelastungen in den Verbindungsstellen innerhalb des Maschinenrahmens 1 werden vermieden, was eine erhebliche Lebensdauerverlängerung zur Folge hat.By arranged on the support ends 14.1 and 14.2 compression clamping means 13.1 and 13.2 can be in the
Das in dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Nadelmaschine in
In
Bei dem in
Eine weitere Möglichkeit der Vorspannung eines Maschinenrahmens für eine Nadelmaschine ist durch das Ausführungsbeispiel in
Als weiteres Vorspannmittel 12.2 sind dem Oberträger 2 und dem Unterträger 3 jeweils mehrere Dehnschrauben 16 zugeordnet, die die Stützenden 14.1 und 14.2 des Oberträgers 2 verspannen bzw. die Stützenden 15.1 und 15.2 des Unterträgers 3 gegeneinander verspannen. Die Dehnschrauben 16 durchdringen dabei den Maschinenrahmen 1 über die gesamte Länge der Maschine, wobei jeweils den Stützträgern 4.1 und 4.2 äußere Spannplatten 26 zugeordnet sind.As a further biasing means 12.2 the
Bei dem in
Grundsätzlich besteht jedoch auch die Möglichkeit, die Baugruppen an dem Maschinenrahmen zu einer so genannten Tandemanordnung anzuordnen, so dass das Faservlies von unten und oben vemadelt wird.In principle, however, it is also possible to arrange the assemblies on the machine frame in a so-called tandem arrangement, so that the nonwoven fabric is needled from below and above.
Die Erfindung erstreckt sich somit auf jegliche Anordnungen von Baugruppen innerhalb eines rahmenförmigen Maschinengestells einer Nadelmaschine. Wesentlich hierbei ist, dass dem Maschinengestell zumindest ein Vorspannmittel zur Erzeugung einer Vorspannung zugeordnet ist, um insbesondere den Oberträger mit dem Unterträger zu verspannen. Dabei werden auch derartige Bauformen erfasst, bei welchen der Unterträger vom Betonfundament der Nadelmaschine gebildet wird.The invention thus extends to any arrangements of assemblies within a frame-shaped machine frame of a needle machine. It is essential that the machine frame is assigned at least one biasing means for generating a bias voltage, in particular to clamp the upper carrier with the sub-carrier. In this case, such designs are detected in which the sub-carrier is formed by the concrete foundation of the needle machine.
Die Verbindungen zwischen den einzelnen Maschinenteilen des Maschinengestells 1 lassen sich sowohl durch Schweißverbindungen oder durch Schraubverbindungen herstellen. Durch die übergeordneten Vorspannungen in dem Maschinenrahmen können somit selbst bei Leichtbauweisen hohe Nadeleinstichkräfte und hohe Drehzahlen realisiert werden. Durch die bessere Ausnutzung der Werkstoffe innerhalb des Maschinenrahmens können zudem Materialien eingespart werden, wobei die Gewichtsreduktion unmittelbar zu einer Kosteneinsparung führt.The connections between the individual machine parts of the
Insbesondere die Verbindungsbereiche zwischen den einzelnen Teilen des Maschinenrahmens können erfindungsgemäß gezielt derart vorgespannt werden, so dass nur schwellende Belastungen in den Verbindungsstellen der Gestellteile des Maschinenrahmens wirken.In particular, the connecting areas between the individual parts of the machine frame can be selectively biased according to the invention so that only swelling loads act in the connection points of the frame parts of the machine frame.
- 11
- Maschinengestell, MaschinenrahmenMachine frame, machine frame
- 22
- Oberträgertop carrier
- 33
- Unterträgersubcarrier
- 4.1,4.24.1,4.2
- Stützträgersupport beam
- 5.1, 5.25.1, 5.2
- Kopfplatteheadstock
- 66
- Nadelbalkenneedle beam
- 77
- Nadelbrettneedle board
- 88th
- Pleuelstangenconnecting rods
- 9.1, 9.29.1, 9.2
- Baugruppemodule
- 1010
- VliesunterlageNonwoven substrate
- 1111
- Halterholder
- 1212
- Vorspannmittelbiasing means
- 13.1, 13.213.1, 13.2
- DruckspannmittelPressure clamping devices
- 14.1, 14.214.1, 14.2
- Stützende OberträgerSupporting straps
- 15.1, 15.215.1, 15.2
- Stützende UnterträgerSupporting subcarriers
- 1616
- Dehnschraubejackscrew
- 1717
- Kraftgeberforce transmitter
- 1818
- Kolben-Zylinder-EinheitPiston-cylinder unit
- 1919
- Zugstangepull bar
- 2020
- Zylindercylinder
- 2121
- Kolbenstangepiston rod
- 2222
- Kastenprofilbox section
- 2323
- Stahlblechsheet steel
- 2424
- obere Spannplatteupper clamping plate
- 2525
- untere Spannplattelower clamping plate
- 2626
- äußere Spannplatteouter clamping plate
- 2727
- Fußfoot
Claims (11)
- Needle machine for needling a fibrous nonwoven web, having a multi-part machine stand (1) consisting of at least one upper girder (2) and a lower girder (3) for accommodating a plurality of subassemblies (9.1, 9.2), wherein one of the subassemblies (9.1) has at least one needle bar (6) that is driven in oscillation and has a multiplicity of needles, and another subassembly (9.2) has at least one nonwoven web base (10), and having a plurality of supporting girders (4.1, 4.2) which keep the upper girder (2) at a distance above the lower girder (3) and which are arranged at two opposite supporting ends (14.1, 14.2) of the upper girder (3),
characterized in that
there is provided at least one prestressing means (12) which braces the upper girder (2) with the lower girder (3) or braces the upper girder (2) and/or the lower girder (3) in order to produce a prestress in the machine stand (1). - Needle machine according to Claim 1,
characterized in that
the prestressing means (12) is assigned to the supporting ends (14.1, 14.2) of the upper girder (2) and braces in each case the upper girder (2) and the lower girder (3) together at the relevant supporting ends (14.1, 14.2, 15.1, 15.2). - Needle machine according to Claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
the prestressing means (12) is formed by a plurality of compressive stressing means (13.1, 13.2) which generate a compressive stress that acts between the upper girder (2) and the lower girder (3). - Needle machine according to Claim 3,
characterized in that
the compressive stressing means (13.1, 13.2) are formed by a plurality of expansion bolts (16) which connect the upper girder (2) directly to the lower girder (3). - Needle machine according to Claim 3,
characterized in that
the compressive stressing means (13.1, 13.2) are formed by a plurality of force generators (17) which act on the upper girder (2) and/or the lower girder (3). - Needle machine according to Claim 5,
characterized in that
the force generators (17) are formed by a plurality of piston-cylinder units (18) which are each connected firmly to the upper girder (2) or lower girder (3) by a cylinder (20) and which each act on the lower girder (3) or the upper girder (2) with a free end of a piston rod (21). - Needle machine according to Claim 3,
characterized in that
the compressive stressing means (13.1, 13.2) are formed by a plurality of tension rods (19) which are connected firmly to the upper girder (2) and the lower girder (3). - Needle machine according to Claim 3,
characterized in that
the compressive stressing means (13.1, 13.2) are formed by the supporting girders (14.1, 14.2), which are bolted in a tempered state between the upper girder (2) and the lower girder (3). - Needle machine according to one of Claims 1 to 8,
characterized in that
one of the prestressing means (12.2) is assigned to one of the supporting ends (14.1, 14.2) of the upper girder (2) or to one of the supporting ends (15.1, 15.2) of the lower girder (3), and in that the prestressing means (12.2) braces the supporting ends (14.1, 14.2) of the upper girder (2) and/or the supporting ends (15.1, 15.2) of the lower girder (3) together. - Needle machine according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the upper girder (2) and/or the lower girder (3) is/are in the form of a box profile (22) which is assembled in each case from a plurality of steel sheets (23). - Needle machine according to one of Claims 1 to 10,
characterized in that
the upper girder (2), the lower girder (3) and the supporting girders (4.1, 4.2) are arranged to form a machine frame (1), wherein the supporting girders (4.1, 4.2) are arranged between the upper girder (2) and the lower girder (3) or laterally next to the upper girder (2) or the lower girder (3).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102007061889 | 2007-12-20 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2072651A2 EP2072651A2 (en) | 2009-06-24 |
EP2072651A3 EP2072651A3 (en) | 2010-03-17 |
EP2072651B1 true EP2072651B1 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20080170472 Expired - Fee Related EP2072651B1 (en) | 2007-12-20 | 2008-12-02 | Needle machine |
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Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3941159A1 (en) * | 1988-12-14 | 1990-06-28 | Offermann Zeiler Schmid Bwf | Procedure and appts. to fit or remove needles from needle board - with devices to automatically ensure correct alignment of needle |
DE19730532A1 (en) | 1997-07-16 | 1999-01-21 | Dilo Kg Maschf Oskar | Needle machine |
JP2000273743A (en) * | 1999-03-26 | 2000-10-03 | Toyota Autom Loom Works Ltd | Apparatus for inserting yarn in thickness direction of three-dimensional fibrous structure |
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2008
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EP2072651A3 (en) | 2010-03-17 |
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