EP2060375A1 - Construction machine - Google Patents

Construction machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2060375A1
EP2060375A1 EP20090003594 EP09003594A EP2060375A1 EP 2060375 A1 EP2060375 A1 EP 2060375A1 EP 20090003594 EP20090003594 EP 20090003594 EP 09003594 A EP09003594 A EP 09003594A EP 2060375 A1 EP2060375 A1 EP 2060375A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
construction machine
tool
machine according
milling drum
bit
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Granted
Application number
EP20090003594
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2060375B1 (en
Inventor
Bernd Holl
Günter HÄHN
Martin Lenz
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Wirtgen GmbH
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Wirtgen GmbH
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Publication of EP2060375A1 publication Critical patent/EP2060375A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/18—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by milling, e.g. channelling by means of milling tools
    • B28D1/186—Tools therefor, e.g. having exchangeable cutter bits
    • B28D1/188—Tools therefor, e.g. having exchangeable cutter bits with exchangeable cutter bits or cutter segments
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
    • E01C23/08—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades
    • E01C23/085—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades using power-driven tools, e.g. vibratory tools
    • E01C23/088—Rotary tools, e.g. milling drums
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/188—Mining picks; Holders therefor characterised by adaptations to use an extraction tool

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a construction machine for processing ground surfaces, with a milling drum, on the surface of a plurality of chisel holders are arranged, wherein in a bit holder of the chisel holder a chisel, in particular a round shank chisel, interchangeable added, wherein the milling drum is associated with a tool changer, and wherein the tool changer disassembled the bit or bits from the bit holder and / or mounted therein.
  • a trained as a road milling machine construction machine is from the DE 39 03 482 A1 known.
  • road milling machines road surfaces can be milled off.
  • the chisels wear out continuously. If the chisels have reached a certain state of wear, they must be replaced. For this purpose, it is necessary that a worker goes into the area of the milling drum and drives out the chisels from the chisel holders there. When removing the chisel, the worker uses a special Austreibdornes and a hammer. This can lead to injuries.
  • the tool changing device introduces at least one dynamic pulse into the milling drum, a part of the milling drum, the bit holder or a group of bit holders, and that the momentum introduces an expelling force into the bit due to the inertia of the bit.
  • an exchange tool which automatically dismantles the worn chisel.
  • the manual labor required to change the bits can be significantly reduced.
  • the fact that the change process is at least partially automated, this can also be done faster, so that fewer machine downtime arise.
  • the health hazard and the physical strain on the operator are reduced.
  • the tool changing device introduces at least one dynamic pulse into the milling drum, a part of the milling drum, the bit holder or a group of chisel holders. Accordingly, a pulse is generated by the tool changing device, which introduces an expelling force into the bit due to the inertia of the bit.
  • the pulse can be built up, for example, by a vibration generated in the milling drum. It is also conceivable that one or more vibration devices are provided. Another possibility is that a pulse shaper is inserted on the milling drum.
  • the milling drum is assigned a stop which is provided with a pointing into the working movement means stop surface, and that a pulse shaper applies a counter to the working movement direction force acting on the stop surface.
  • the pulse shaper may be a mallet, which acts with its weight on this stop surface.
  • the tool changing device has at least one tool changer, which can be assigned to the individual bit holders or groups of bit holders by means of an actuating unit. It is also conceivable that all chisels or chisel holders together is assigned a single tool changer. This then dismantles or assembles the chisel at the same time.
  • each tool holder is associated with a respective tool changer of the tool changing device and that the tool changer is firmly connected to the bit holder.
  • the tool changers can be connected to each other via a common control. By means of this control, for example, a machine operator can change individual chisels, groups of chisels or all chisels at the same time.
  • the design of the tool changing device may be such that the bit is positioned to the tool changer.
  • the positioning of the bit can be done for example with an adjustment that positions the milling drum to the tool changer.
  • the milling drum is coupled via a drive train to a drive motor of the construction machine
  • the adjusting device has an auxiliary drive which can be coupled to the drive train, which rotates the milling drum in the raised state by a predetermined or selectable angle of rotation in which the torque of the auxiliary drive is higher than the moment of inertia of the milling drum and of the part of the drive train which is moved along with the milling drum when the drive motor is switched off or decoupled.
  • the setting unit and / or the adjusting device has a position measuring system and that the setting unit and / or the adjusting device is equipped with a numerical control.
  • the tool design can be such that the actuator positioned the at least one tool changer relative to the milling drum. In this case, the tool changer and the milling drum are then brought into position to each other.
  • tool changer are fixed on the machine side.
  • the bits are then assigned to them as a result of a rotation of the milling drum.
  • the tool change can be further automated if it is provided that the tool changing device conveys the dismantled bit directly or via a conveyor into a container or that the tool changing device is associated with a separating device, and that the singulator feeds bits from a storage unit of the tool changing device.
  • the milling drum is associated with a detection device, which continuously, at intervals or on default, the state of wear of the chisel or a portion of the chisel or a single bit, and that the detection device initiates or signals a tool change upon reaching a predetermined state of wear.
  • the wear detection can be designed, for example, such that at least one signal acquisition unit of the recognition device is assigned to at least one machine component directly or indirectly involved in the work process, that the signal acquisition unit detects an operating state of the machine component, and that the signal acquisition unit determines the state of wear via a signal processing arrangement ,
  • Fig. 1 is a rotary body of a road milling machine, namely a milling drum 10 is shown.
  • base parts or directly chisel holders 23 can be arranged at a systematic spacing from each other.
  • the base parts or the bit holder 23 are connected to the roller surface 11, preferably welded. If base parts are used, they have a plug-in receptacle. In turn, an insertion projection of a chisel holder 23 can be inserted into the plug-in receptacle.
  • the bit holder 23 has a bit receptacle 24, which is formed here as a bore. In the bore, a bit 30, in this case a round shank bit, are used.
  • the bit 30 has a chisel head 31 to which a chisel tip 32 made of cemented carbide or a ceramic material is attached at the front.
  • a shaft connects, on which a clamping sleeve is mounted.
  • the clamping sleeve is not axially displaceable, but rotatably connected in the circumferential direction with the shaft.
  • the chisel head 31 lies with the interposition of a wear protection disc on a mating surface of the chisel holder.
  • the milling drum 10 is associated with a tool changing device.
  • the tool changing device has a tool changer 40, which is accommodated in the interior of the milling drum 10.
  • the milling drum 10 has integrally formed bit holder 23. Of course, any differently shaped bit holder 23 may be used here.
  • the tool changer 40 has two articulated arms 47, 49, which are interconnected by means of a rotary joint 48.
  • the articulated arm 47 is fixed in place by a rotary joint 46.
  • a pulse shaper 50 is arranged in the form of a weight.
  • the milling drum 10 carries on its inner periphery a stop 51 with a stop surface 52. On the side facing away from the stop surface 52, the stop 51 has a deflection bevel 53rd
  • the tool changer 40 is in the Fig. 2 shown position held. If a chisel change is pending, he will be in the Fig. 1 shown position offset. Then the milling drum 10 is rotated in the circumferential direction until the pulse shaper 50 strikes the stop surface 52 of the stop 51. As a result, a pulse is generated, which counteracts the disassembly direction of the bit 30 acts. Due to this pulse, a force is introduced into the bit 30 which pushes it out of the bit receptacles 24.
  • the pulse shaper 50 After the pulse shaper 50 has impacted on the stop surface 52, it is deflected on the stop 51 and brought over the deflection bevel 53 back into its extended starting position.
  • the process for impulse can be repeated as needed.
  • the tool changer 40 is returned to the in Fig. 2 brought back position.
  • the pulse shaper can be rotated.
  • the milling drum 10 can be rotated via an auxiliary drive of an adjusting device.
  • the auxiliary drive can be used when the milling drum 10 is lifted off the ground. Then it can be adjusted for tool change by means of the auxiliary drive.
  • the auxiliary drive is also assigned a control unit. This rotates the milling drum 10 according to a predetermined program sequence, so that the chisel 30 or a part of the chisel 30 can be successively aligned with the tool changer 40.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Road Repair (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Construction machine comprises a milling roller (10) provided on its surface with a number of tool holders (23). A tool (30), especially a straight shank tool, is exchangeably arranged in a tool-receiving element (24) of the tool holder. The milling roller is associated with a tool-changing device that removes the tool from the holder and/or mounts the tool in the holder. Preferred Features: The tool-changing device is a mechanical tool device arranged inside or outside the milling roller.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Baumaschine zum Bearbeiten von Bodenflächen, mit einer Fräswalze, auf deren Oberfläche eine Vielzahl von Meißelhaltern angeordnet sind, wobei in einer Meißelaufnahme des Meißelhalters ein Meißel, insbesondere ein Rundschaftmeißel, auswechselbar aufgenommen ist, wobei der Fräswalze eine Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung zugeordnet ist, und wobei die Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung den oder die Meißel von dem Meißelhalter demontiert und/oder in diesen montiert.The invention relates to a construction machine for processing ground surfaces, with a milling drum, on the surface of a plurality of chisel holders are arranged, wherein in a bit holder of the chisel holder a chisel, in particular a round shank chisel, interchangeable added, wherein the milling drum is associated with a tool changer, and wherein the tool changer disassembled the bit or bits from the bit holder and / or mounted therein.

Eine als Straßenfräsmaschine ausgebildete Baumaschine ist aus der DE 39 03 482 A1 bekannt. Mit den Straßenfräsmaschinen können Straßenbeläge abgefräst werden. Im Laufe des Maschineneinsatzes verschleißen die Meißel kontinuierlich. Wenn die Meißel einen bestimmten Verschleißzustand erreicht haben, so müssen sie ausgetauscht werden. Hierzu ist es erforderlich, dass sich ein Arbeiter in den Bereich der Fräswalze begibt und dort die Meißel aus den Meißelhaltern austreibt. Beim Austreiben der Meißel bedient sich der Arbeiter eines speziellen Austreibdornes und eines Hammers. Dabei kann es zu Verletzungen kommen.A trained as a road milling machine construction machine is from the DE 39 03 482 A1 known. With road milling machines, road surfaces can be milled off. In the course of machine use, the chisels wear out continuously. If the chisels have reached a certain state of wear, they must be replaced. For this purpose, it is necessary that a worker goes into the area of the milling drum and drives out the chisels from the chisel holders there. When removing the chisel, the worker uses a special Austreibdornes and a hammer. This can lead to injuries.

Das Hantieren in dem eingeengten Fräswalzenbereich ist äußerst mühsam und Bedarf großer Sorgfalt, um das Gefahrenrisiko zu minimieren. Nachdem ein Meißel aus seinem Meißelhalter entfernt wurde, müssen neue unverschlissene Meißel in die Meißelhalter eingesetzt werden. Der Tausch der Meißel stellt eine sehr mühsame und zeitaufwendige Arbeit dar.The handling in the restricted milling drum area is extremely cumbersome and requires great care in order to minimize the risk of danger. After a chisel has been removed from its chisel holder, new unworn chisels must be inserted into the chisel holder. The exchange of the chisel is a very tedious and time-consuming job.

Aus der DE 32 23 761 C2 und der US 3,342,531 sind manuell betätigbare Wechselwerkzeuge bekannt. Sie weisen einen Ansatz auf, der in eine umlaufende Nut im Meißel formschlüssig eingreift. Die Meißel können dann aus dem zugeordneten Meißelhalter ausgehebelt werden. Der Auswechselvorgang wird damit zwar erleichtert, jedoch ist die Arbeit an der Fräswalze dennoch gefährlich und mühsam.From the DE 32 23 761 C2 and the US 3,342,531 are manually operable change tools known. They have an approach that engages positively in a circumferential groove in the bit. The chisels can then be levered out of the associated bit holder. Although the replacement process is made easier, but the work on the milling drum is still dangerous and tedious.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Straßenfräsmaschine der eingangs erwähnten Art zu schaffen, bei der das Auswechseln der Meißel vereinfacht ist.It is an object of the invention to provide a road milling machine of the type mentioned, in which the replacement of the bit is simplified.

Diese Aufgabe ist dadurch gelöst, dass die Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung mindestens einen dynamischen Impuls in die Fräswalze, einen Teil der Fräswalze, den Meißelhalter oder einer Gruppe von Meißelhaltern einbringt und dass der Impuls aufgrund der Masseträgheit des Meißels eine Austreibkraft in den Meißel einbringt.This object is achieved in that the tool changing device introduces at least one dynamic pulse into the milling drum, a part of the milling drum, the bit holder or a group of bit holders, and that the momentum introduces an expelling force into the bit due to the inertia of the bit.

Erfindungsgemäß wird somit ein Wechselwerkzeug vorgeschlagen, das den verschlissenen Meißel automatisch demontiert. Auf diese Weise kann die manuelle Arbeit, die zum Wechseln der Meißel nötig ist, deutlich reduziert werden. Dadurch, dass der Wechselvorgang zumindest teilweise automatisiert ist, kann dieser auch schneller durchgeführt werden, so dass weniger Maschinenstillstandszeiten entstehen. Weiterhin wird mit der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung auch die Gesundheitsgefahr und die körperliche Belastung des Maschinisten reduziert.According to the invention, an exchange tool is thus proposed, which automatically dismantles the worn chisel. In this way, the manual labor required to change the bits can be significantly reduced. The fact that the change process is at least partially automated, this can also be done faster, so that fewer machine downtime arise. Furthermore, with the arrangement according to the invention, the health hazard and the physical strain on the operator are reduced.

Erfindungsgemäß ist es vorgesehen, dass die Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung entgegen der Demontage-Richtung der/des Meißels mindestens einen dynamischen Impuls in die Fräswalze, einen Teil der Fräswalze, den Meißelhalter oder einer Gruppe von Meißelhaltern einbringt. Demnach wird von der Werkzeugwechselvorrichtung ein Impuls erzeugt, der aufgrund der Masseträgheit des Meißels eine Austreibkraft in den Meißel einbringt. Der Impuls kann beispielsweise durch eine in der Fräswalze erzeugte Schwingung aufgebaut werden. Denkbar ist auch, dass eine oder mehrere Vibrationseinrichtungen vorgesehen sind. Eine weitere Möglichkeit besteht darin, dass ein Impulsformer an der Fräswalze eingesetzt ist. Hierzu kann es beispielsweise vorgesehen sein, dass der Fräswalze ein Anschlag zugeordnet ist, der mit einer in die Arbeits-Bewegungseinrichtung weisenden Anschlagfläche versehen ist, und dass ein Impulsformer eine entgegen der Arbeits-Bewegungsrichtung wirkende Kraft auf die Anschlagfläche aufbringt. Dabei kann der Impulsformer ein Schlegel sein, der mit seinem Gewicht auf diese Anschlagfläche einwirkt.According to the invention, it is provided that, contrary to the disassembly direction of the bit, the tool changing device introduces at least one dynamic pulse into the milling drum, a part of the milling drum, the bit holder or a group of chisel holders. Accordingly, a pulse is generated by the tool changing device, which introduces an expelling force into the bit due to the inertia of the bit. The pulse can be built up, for example, by a vibration generated in the milling drum. It is also conceivable that one or more vibration devices are provided. Another possibility is that a pulse shaper is inserted on the milling drum. For this purpose, it can be provided, for example, that the milling drum is assigned a stop which is provided with a pointing into the working movement means stop surface, and that a pulse shaper applies a counter to the working movement direction force acting on the stop surface. In this case, the pulse shaper may be a mallet, which acts with its weight on this stop surface.

Es kann erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen sein, dass die Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung mindestens einen Werkzeugwechsler aufweist, der den einzelnen Meißelhaltern oder Gruppen von Meißelhaltern mittels einer Stelleinheit zugeordnet werden kann. Denkbar ist auch, dass allen Meißeln bzw. Meißelhaltern gemeinsam ein einziger Werkzeugwechsler zugeordnet ist. Dieser demontiert oder montiert dann die Meißel gleichzeitig. In alternativer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann es auch vorgesehen sein, dass jedem Meißelhalter jeweils ein Werkzeugwechsler der Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung zugeordnet ist und dass der Werkzeugwechsler fest mit dem Meißelhalter verbunden ist. Die Werkzeugwechsler können über eine gemeinsame Steuerung miteinander verbunden sein. Über diese Steuerung kann ein Maschinenführer bspw. gezielt einzelne Meißel, Gruppen von Meißeln oder alle Meißel gleichzeitig wechseln.It can be provided according to the invention that the tool changing device has at least one tool changer, which can be assigned to the individual bit holders or groups of bit holders by means of an actuating unit. It is also conceivable that all chisels or chisel holders together is assigned a single tool changer. This then dismantles or assembles the chisel at the same time. In an alternative embodiment of the invention, it can also be provided that each tool holder is associated with a respective tool changer of the tool changing device and that the tool changer is firmly connected to the bit holder. The tool changers can be connected to each other via a common control. By means of this control, for example, a machine operator can change individual chisels, groups of chisels or all chisels at the same time.

Wie bereits oben beschrieben wurde, kann die Konzeption der Werkzeugwechselvorrichtung derart sein, dass der Meißel zum Werkzeugwechsler positioniert wird. Die Positionierung des Meißels kann beispielsweise mit einer Verstelleinrichtung erfolgen, die die Fräswalze zum Werkzeugwechsler positioniert.As already described above, the design of the tool changing device may be such that the bit is positioned to the tool changer. The positioning of the bit can be done for example with an adjustment that positions the milling drum to the tool changer.

Dies kann nach einer möglichen Erfindungsvariante derart erfolgen, dass die Fräswalze über einen Antriebsstrang mit einem Antriebsmotor der Baumaschine gekoppelt ist, wobei die Verstelleinrichtung einen Hilfsantrieb aufweist, der mit dem Antriebsstrang koppelbar ist, der die Fräswalze im angehobenen Zustand um einen vorbestimmten oder wählbaren Drehwinkel verdreht, wobei das Drehmoment des Hilfsantriebs höher ist als das Trägheitsmoment der Fräswalze und des mit der Fräswalze mitbewegten Teils des Antriebsstrangs bei ausgeschaltetem oder entkoppeltem Antriebsmotor. Hierbei kann man das vorgegebene Positionsmuster der Meißel ausnutzen und in einer Steuerung hinterlegen. Dabei kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Stelleinheit und/oder die Verstelleinrichtung ein Positionsmeßsystem aufweist und dass die Stelleinheit und/oder die Verstelleinrichtung mit einer numerischen Steuerung ausgestattet ist.This can be done according to a possible variant of the invention such that the milling drum is coupled via a drive train to a drive motor of the construction machine, wherein the adjusting device has an auxiliary drive which can be coupled to the drive train, which rotates the milling drum in the raised state by a predetermined or selectable angle of rotation in which the torque of the auxiliary drive is higher than the moment of inertia of the milling drum and of the part of the drive train which is moved along with the milling drum when the drive motor is switched off or decoupled. Here you can take advantage of the given position pattern of the chisel and deposit it in a controller. It can also be provided that the setting unit and / or the adjusting device has a position measuring system and that the setting unit and / or the adjusting device is equipped with a numerical control.

Die Werkzeugauslegung kann dabei derart sein, dass die Stelleinheit den mindestens einen Werkzeugwechsler relativ zur Fräswalze positioniert. Dabei werden dann der Werkzeugwechsler und die Fräswalze zueinander in Position gebracht.The tool design can be such that the actuator positioned the at least one tool changer relative to the milling drum. In this case, the tool changer and the milling drum are then brought into position to each other.

Denkbar ist auch, dass Werkzeugwechsler maschinenseitig fest angeordnet sind. Die Meißel werden diesen dann infolge einer Verdrehung der Fräswalze zugeordnet.It is also conceivable that tool changer are fixed on the machine side. The bits are then assigned to them as a result of a rotation of the milling drum.

Der Werkzeugwechsel kann weiter automatisiert werden, wenn vorgesehen ist, dass die Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung die demontierten Meißel direkt oder über eine Fördereinrichtung in einen Behälter befördert oder dass der Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung eine Vereinzelungseinrichtung zugeordnet ist, und dass die Vereinzelungseinrichtung Meißel aus einer Bevorratungseinheit der Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung zufördert.The tool change can be further automated if it is provided that the tool changing device conveys the dismantled bit directly or via a conveyor into a container or that the tool changing device is associated with a separating device, and that the singulator feeds bits from a storage unit of the tool changing device.

Eine optimale Ausnutzung der Werkzeugstandzeit kann dann erreicht werden, wenn vorgesehen ist, dass der Fräswalze eine Erkennungseinrichtung zugeordnet ist, die kontinuierlich, in Intervallen oder auf Vorgabe, den Verschleißzustand der Meißel oder eines Teils der Meißel oder eines einzelnen Meißels überprüft, und dass die Erkennungseinrichtung bei Erreichen eines vorgegebenen Verschleißzustandes einen Werkzeugwechsel initiiert oder signalisiert.Optimal utilization of the tool life can be achieved if it is provided that the milling drum is associated with a detection device, which continuously, at intervals or on default, the state of wear of the chisel or a portion of the chisel or a single bit, and that the detection device initiates or signals a tool change upon reaching a predetermined state of wear.

Die Verschleißerkennung kann dabei beispielsweise so gestaltet sein, dass mindestens eine Signalaufnahmeeinheit der Erkennungseinrichtung wenigstens einem am Arbeitsprozess direkt oder indirekt beteiligten Maschinen-Bauteil zugeordnet ist, dass die Signalaufnahmeeinheit einen Betriebszustand des Maschinen-Bauteils erfasst, und dass die Signalaufnahmeeinheit über eine Signalverarbeitungsanordnung den Verschleißzustand ermittelt.In this case, the wear detection can be designed, for example, such that at least one signal acquisition unit of the recognition device is assigned to at least one machine component directly or indirectly involved in the work process, that the signal acquisition unit detects an operating state of the machine component, and that the signal acquisition unit determines the state of wear via a signal processing arrangement ,

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand von Zeichnungen dargestellt. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
in Seitenansicht eine Fräswalze mit einer Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung im Fräswalzeninnenraum und
Figur 2
die Darstellung gemäß Fig. 1 in einer veränderten Arbeitsstellung.
The invention is illustrated below with reference to drawings. Show it:
FIG. 1
in side view a milling drum with a tool changing device in the milling drum interior and
FIG. 2
the representation according to Fig. 1 in a changed working position.

In der Fig. 1 ist ein Rotationskörper einer Straßenfräsmaschine, nämlich eine Fräswalze 10 dargestellt. Auf der Walzenoberfläche 11 der Fräswalze 10 können in systematischer Teilung zueinander beabstandet Basisteile oder unmittelbar Meißelhalter 23 angeordnet. Die Basisteile oder die Meißelhalter 23 sind mit der Walzenoberfläche 11 verbunden, vorzugsweise verschweißt. Sind Basisteile verwendet, weisen diese eine Steckaufnahme auf. In die Steckaufnahme kann dann wiederum ein Steckansatz eines Meißelhalters 23 eingesetzt werden. Die Fixierung des Meißelhalters 23 an dem Basisteil erfolgt über eine Druckschraube. Der Meißelhalter 23 besitzt eine Meißelaufnahme 24, die vorliegend als Bohrung ausgebildet ist. In die Bohrung kann ein Meißel 30, vorliegend ein Rundschaftmeißel, eingesetzt werden. Der Meißel 30 besitzt einen Meißelkopf 31, an dem eine Meißelspitze 32, bestehend aus Hartmetall oder einem Keramikmaterial, frontseitig befestigt ist.In the Fig. 1 is a rotary body of a road milling machine, namely a milling drum 10 is shown. On the roll surface 11 of the milling drum 10, base parts or directly chisel holders 23 can be arranged at a systematic spacing from each other. The base parts or the bit holder 23 are connected to the roller surface 11, preferably welded. If base parts are used, they have a plug-in receptacle. In turn, an insertion projection of a chisel holder 23 can be inserted into the plug-in receptacle. The fixing of the bit holder 23 to the base part via a pressure screw. The bit holder 23 has a bit receptacle 24, which is formed here as a bore. In the bore, a bit 30, in this case a round shank bit, are used. The bit 30 has a chisel head 31 to which a chisel tip 32 made of cemented carbide or a ceramic material is attached at the front.

An den Meißelkopf 31 schließt sich ein Schaft an, auf den eine Spannhülse aufgezogen ist. Die Spannhülse ist nicht axial verschiebbar, jedoch in Umfangsrichtung drehbar mit dem Schaft verbunden.At the chisel head 31, a shaft connects, on which a clamping sleeve is mounted. The clamping sleeve is not axially displaceable, but rotatably connected in the circumferential direction with the shaft.

Der Meißelkopf 31 liegt unter Zwischenlage einer Verschleißschutzscheibe auf einer Gegenfläche des Meißelhalters auf.The chisel head 31 lies with the interposition of a wear protection disc on a mating surface of the chisel holder.

Wie die Figuren 1 und 2 erkennen lassen, ist der Fräswalze 10 eine Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung zugeordnet. Die Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung weist einen Werkzeugwechsler 40 auf, der im Inneren der Fräswalze 10 untergebracht ist. Die Fräswalze 10 weist einteilig angeformte Meißelhalter 23 auf. Selbstverständlich können hier auch beliebig anders gestaltete Meißelhalter 23 verwendet sein.As the FIGS. 1 and 2 can recognize, the milling drum 10 is associated with a tool changing device. The tool changing device has a tool changer 40, which is accommodated in the interior of the milling drum 10. The milling drum 10 has integrally formed bit holder 23. Of course, any differently shaped bit holder 23 may be used here.

Der Werkzeugwechsler 40 weist zwei Gelenkarme 47, 49 auf, die mittels eines Drehgelenkes 48 miteinander verbunden sind. Der Gelenkarm 47 ist über ein Dreh-gelenk 46 ortsfest fixiert. Am freien Ende des zweiten Gelenkarmes 49 ist ein Impulsformer 50 in Form eines Gewichtes angeordnet. Die Fräswalze 10 trägt an ihrem Innenumfang einen Anschlag 51 mit einer Anschlagfläche 52. Auf der der Anschlagfläche 52 abgewandten Seite besitzt der Anschlag 51 eine Auslenkschräge 53.The tool changer 40 has two articulated arms 47, 49, which are interconnected by means of a rotary joint 48. The articulated arm 47 is fixed in place by a rotary joint 46. At the free end of the second articulated arm 49, a pulse shaper 50 is arranged in the form of a weight. The milling drum 10 carries on its inner periphery a stop 51 with a stop surface 52. On the side facing away from the stop surface 52, the stop 51 has a deflection bevel 53rd

Während des normalen Fräs-Betriebseinsatzes ist der Werkzeugwechsler 40 in der Fig. 2 gezeigten Stellung gehalten. Wenn ein Meißelwechsel ansteht, wird er in die Fig. 1 gezeigte Stellung versetzt. Dann wird die Fräswalze 10 in Umfangsrichtung gedreht, bis der Impulsformer 50 auf die Anschlagfläche 52 des Anschlages 51 aufschlägt. Dadurch wird ein Impuls erzeugt, der entgegen der Demontage-Richtung der Meißel 30 wirkt. Aufgrund dieses Impulses wird eine Kraft in die Meißel 30 eingebracht, die diese aus den Meißelaufnahmen 24 herausschiebt.During normal milling operation insert, the tool changer 40 is in the Fig. 2 shown position held. If a chisel change is pending, he will be in the Fig. 1 shown position offset. Then the milling drum 10 is rotated in the circumferential direction until the pulse shaper 50 strikes the stop surface 52 of the stop 51. As a result, a pulse is generated, which counteracts the disassembly direction of the bit 30 acts. Due to this pulse, a force is introduced into the bit 30 which pushes it out of the bit receptacles 24.

Nachdem der Impulsformer 50 auf die Anschlagfläche 52 aufgetroffen ist, wird er am Anschlag 51 ausgelenkt und über die Auslenkschräge 53 wieder in seine gestreckte Ausgangslage gebracht.After the pulse shaper 50 has impacted on the stop surface 52, it is deflected on the stop 51 and brought over the deflection bevel 53 back into its extended starting position.

Der Vorgang zur Impulsgabe kann bedarfsweise dann wiederholt werden. Nach Abschluss des Austreibvorganges wird der Werkzeugwechsler 40 wieder in die in Fig. 2 gebrachte Position zurückgestellt.The process for impulse can be repeated as needed. After completion of the expulsion, the tool changer 40 is returned to the in Fig. 2 brought back position.

Es ist selbstverständlich eine Umkehr des Wirkprinzips möglich. Dabei kann der Impulsformer rotiert werden.Of course, a reversal of the principle of action is possible. In this case, the pulse shaper can be rotated.

Es ist denkbar, dass die Fräswalze 10 über einen Hilfsantrieb einer Verstelleinrichtung gedreht werden kann. Der Hilfsantrieb kann dann zum Einsatz kommen, wenn die Fräswalze 10 vom Boden abgehoben ist. Dann lässt sie sich zum Werkzeugwechsel mittels des Hilfsantriebes verstellen. Vorteilhafter Weise ist dem Hilfsantrieb auch eine Steuereinheit zugeordnet. Diese dreht die Fräswalze 10 nach einem vorgegebenen Programmablauf, so dass die Meißel 30 oder ein Teil der Meißel 30 nacheinander auf den Werkzeugwechsler 40 ausgerichtet werden können.It is conceivable that the milling drum 10 can be rotated via an auxiliary drive of an adjusting device. The auxiliary drive can be used when the milling drum 10 is lifted off the ground. Then it can be adjusted for tool change by means of the auxiliary drive. Advantageously, the auxiliary drive is also assigned a control unit. This rotates the milling drum 10 according to a predetermined program sequence, so that the chisel 30 or a part of the chisel 30 can be successively aligned with the tool changer 40.

Claims (17)

Baumaschine zum Bearbeiten von Bodenflächen, mit einer Fräswalze (10), auf deren Oberfläche eine Vielzahl von Meißelhaltern (23) angeordnet sind, wobei in einer Meißelaufnahme (24) des Meißelhalters (23) ein Meißel (30), insbesondere ein Rundschaftmeißel, auswechselbar aufgenommen ist, wobei der Fräswalze eine Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung zugeordnet ist, und wobei die Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung den oder die Meißel (30) von dem Meißelhalter (23) demontiert und/oder in diesen montiert,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung mindestens einen dynamischen Impuls in die Fräswalze (10), einen Teil der Fräswalze (10), den Meißelhalter (23) oder einer Gruppe von Meißelhaltern (23) einbringt und dass der Impuls aufgrund der Masseträgheit des Meißels (30) eine Austreibkraft in den Meißel (30) einbringt.Construction machine for working floor surfaces, comprising a milling drum (10), on the surface of which a plurality of tool holders (23) are arranged, wherein a chisel (24) of the chisel holder (23) removably receives a chisel (30), in particular a round shank chisel wherein the milling drum is associated with a tool changer, and wherein the tool changer disassembles and / or mounts the bit (s) (30) of the bit holder (23),
characterized,
in that the tool change device introduces at least one dynamic pulse into the milling drum (10), a part of the milling drum (10), the bit holder (23) or a group of bit holders (23), and that the momentum due to the inertia of the bit (30) is an expelling force into the chisel (30). Baumaschine nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung eine mechanische Werkzeugvorrichtung ist.Construction machine according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the tool changing device is a mechanical tool device. Baumaschine nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung im Inneren der Fräswalze (10) angeordnet ist.Construction machine according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the tool changing device is disposed in the interior of the milling drum (10). Baumaschine nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung außerhalb der Fräswalze (10) angeordnet ist.Construction machine according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the tool changing device is arranged outside the milling drum (10). Baumaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung mindestens einen Werkzeugwechsler (40) aufweist, der den einzelnen Meißelhaltern (23) oder Gruppen von Meißelhaltern mittels einer Stelleinheit zugeordnet werden kann.Construction machine according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
in that the tool changing device has at least one tool changer (40) which can be assigned to the individual bit holders (23) or groups of bit holders by means of an actuating unit. Baumaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung einen Werkzeugwechsler (40) aufweist, der allen Meißelhaltern (23) gleichzeitig zugeordnet ist.Construction machine according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
in that the tool changing device has a tool changer (40) which is assigned to all bit holders (23) at the same time. Baumaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass jedem Meißelhalter (23) jeweils ein Werkzeugwechsler (40) der Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung zugeordnet ist.Construction machine according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
in that each toolholder (23) is assigned in each case a tool changer (40) to the tool changing device. Baumaschine nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Werkzeugwechsler (40) fest mit dem Meißelhalter (23) verbunden ist.Construction machine according to claim 7,
characterized,
in that the tool changer (40) is firmly connected to the bit holder (23). Baumaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der dynamische Impuls mittels einer Vibrationseinrichtung erzeugt ist.Construction machine according to one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized,
that the dynamic pulse is generated by means of a vibration device. Baumaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Fräswalze (10) mindestens ein Anschlag (51) zugeordnet ist, der mit einer in die Arbeits-Bewegungsrichtung weisenden Anschlagfläche (52) versehen ist, und
dass ein Impulsformer (50) eine entgegen der Arbeits-Bewegungsrichtung wirkende Kraft auf die Anschlagfläche (52) aufbringt.Construction machine according to one of claims 1 to 9,
characterized,
in that the milling drum (10) is assigned at least one stop (51) which is provided with a stop surface (52) pointing in the working direction of movement, and
in that a pulse shaper (50) applies a force acting counter to the working direction of movement onto the stop surface (52). Baumaschine nach Anspruch 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Impulsformer (50) ein Schlegel ist, der mit einem Gewicht auf die Anschlagfläche (52) einwirkt.Construction machine according to claim 10,
characterized,
that the pulse shaper (50) is a mallet, which acts with a weight on the stop surface (52). Baumaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Fräswalze (10) über einen Antriebsstrang mit einem Antriebsmotor der Baumaschine gekoppelt ist,
wobei die Verstelleinheit einen Hilfsantrieb aufweist, der mit dem Antriebsstrang koppelbar ist, der die Fräswalze (10) im angehobenen Zustand verdreht,
wobei das Drehmoment des Hilfsantriebs höher ist als das Trägheitsmoment der Fräswalze (10) und des mit der Fräswalze (10) mitbewegten Teils des Antriebsstrangs bei ausgeschaltetem oder entkoppeltem Antriebsmotor.Construction machine according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the milling drum (10) is coupled via a drive train with a drive motor of the construction machine,
wherein the adjusting unit has an auxiliary drive, which can be coupled to the drive train, which rotates the milling drum (10) in the raised state,
wherein the torque of the auxiliary drive is higher than the moment of inertia of the milling drum (10) and of the milling drum (10) co-moving part of the drive train with the drive motor switched off or decoupled. Baumaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Stelleinheit und/oder die Verstelleinrichtung ein Positionsmeßsystem aufweist und
dass die Stelleinheit und/oder die Verstelleinrichtung mit einer numerischen Steuerung ausgestattet ist.Construction machine according to one of claims 5 to 12,
characterized,
that the setting unit and / or the adjusting device has a position measuring system and
that the setting unit and / or the adjusting device is equipped with a numerical control. Baumaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung die demontierten Meißel (30) direkt oder über eine Fördereinrichtung in einen Behälter befördert.Construction machine according to one of claims 1 to 13,
characterized,
in that the tool changer conveys the dismantled bit (30) directly or via a conveyor into a container. Baumaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung eine Vereinzelungseinrichtung zugeordnet ist, und
dass die Vereinzelungseinrichtung Meißel (30) aus einer Bevorratungseinheit der Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung zufördert.Construction machine according to one of claims 1 to 14,
characterized,
that the tool changing device is associated with a separating device, and
in that the separating device conveys chisels (30) out of a storage unit of the tool changer. Baumaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Fräswalze (10) eine Erkennungseinrichtung zugeordnet ist, die kontinuierlich, in Intervallen oder auf Vorgabe, den Verschleißzustand der Meißel (30) oder eines Teils der Meißel (30) oder eines einzelnen Meißels (30) überprüft, und dass die Erkennungseinrichtung bei Erreichen eines vorgegebenen Verschleißzustandes einen Werkzeugwechsel initiiert oder signalisiert.Construction machine according to one of claims 1 to 14,
characterized,
in that the milling drum (10) is associated with a detection device which continuously checks, at intervals or on specification, the state of wear of the bits (30) or a part of the bit (30) or of a single bit (30), and in that the detection device reaches upon reaching a predetermined state of wear initiates or signals a tool change. Baumaschine nach Anspruch 16,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass mindestens eine Signalaufnahmeeinheit der Erkennungseinrichtung wenigstens einem am Arbeitsprozess direkt oder indirekt beteiligten Maschinen-Bauteil zugeordnet ist, dass die Signalaufnahmeeinheit einen Betriebszustand des Maschinen-Bauteils erfasst, und dass die Signalaufnahmeeinheit über eine Signalverarbeitungsanordnung den Verschleißzustand ermittelt.Construction machine according to claim 16,
characterized,
in that at least one signal pickup unit of the recognition device is associated with at least one machine component directly or indirectly involved in the work process, that the signal pickup unit detects an operating state of the machine component, and that the signal pickup unit determines the state of wear via a signal processing arrangement.
EP09003594.0A 2003-07-14 2004-04-15 Method for replacing chisel Expired - Lifetime EP2060375B1 (en)

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DE10331970A DE10331970B4 (en) 2003-07-14 2003-07-14 Construction machinery
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AU2004255307A1 (en) 2005-01-20
US7401862B2 (en) 2008-07-22
WO2005005119A1 (en) 2005-01-20
EP2915642A1 (en) 2015-09-09
DE10331970B4 (en) 2008-01-31
EP1646484A1 (en) 2006-04-19
RU2332538C2 (en) 2008-08-27
EP1646484B1 (en) 2016-03-23
DE10331970A1 (en) 2005-02-10
EP2060375B1 (en) 2016-05-18
BRPI0412551A (en) 2006-09-19
BRPI0412551B1 (en) 2015-09-08
AU2004255307B2 (en) 2009-08-20
RU2006104563A (en) 2006-08-27
JP2007533875A (en) 2007-11-22
US20070132304A1 (en) 2007-06-14
CN1816432A (en) 2006-08-09
JP4714146B2 (en) 2011-06-29
CN1816432B (en) 2010-10-27
EP2915642B1 (en) 2017-06-28

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