EP2026025A1 - Procédé et dispositif de production d'azote sous haute pression par séparation cryogénique d'air dans une colonne simple - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de production d'azote sous haute pression par séparation cryogénique d'air dans une colonne simple Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2026025A1
EP2026025A1 EP08012055A EP08012055A EP2026025A1 EP 2026025 A1 EP2026025 A1 EP 2026025A1 EP 08012055 A EP08012055 A EP 08012055A EP 08012055 A EP08012055 A EP 08012055A EP 2026025 A1 EP2026025 A1 EP 2026025A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
passages
single column
condenser
cooling fluid
top condenser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08012055A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Horst Corduan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE200710035603 external-priority patent/DE102007035603A1/de
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to EP08012055A priority Critical patent/EP2026025A1/fr
Publication of EP2026025A1 publication Critical patent/EP2026025A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04624—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using integrated mass and heat exchange, so-called non-adiabatic rectification, e.g. dephlegmator, reflux exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/02—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a single pressure main column system

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the "HWT” serves for cooling of feed air and may be formed by a single heat exchanger block or by a plurality of heat exchanger blocks.
  • the top condenser is designed as a separate heat exchanger, in particular as at least one plate heat exchanger block, most preferably as a single plate heat exchanger block.
  • single column is meant here a separating device whose rectification zone (s) are operated essentially under the same pressure. It is usually formed by a one-piece column, but can also be formed by a two- or multi-part column.
  • the single column has a top condenser. This is designed as a condenser-evaporator and thus has liquefaction and evaporation passages.
  • a head gas of the crude argon column is introduced into the liquefaction passages where it is at least partially condensed.
  • a liquid cooling fluid is introduced into the evaporation passages of the top condenser and there at least partially evaporated.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned above and a corresponding device, which are economically particularly favorable to operate by an increased product yield, a higher Have product purity, lower operating costs and / or lower investment costs.
  • top condenser is designed as a reflux condenser and top gas of the single column is introduced into the return passages of the reflux condenser.
  • lux condenser also called dephlegmator
  • dephlegmator a heat exchanger having return passages. These return passages are supplied with steam from below (here: top gas of the single column). This condenses at least partially when ascending in the return passages.
  • the return passages are designed so that the condensed liquid is not entrained, but flows down. Due to the countercurrent of vapor and liquid, a rectification takes place in the return passages.
  • the condensate, which exits at the lower end, is enriched in less volatile components, the steam exiting overhead is more volatile.
  • the heat exchanger block (or even a plurality of heat exchanger blocks) may be arranged inside a pressure vessel, as described, for example, in US Pat EP 1189000 A2 is shown, or the heat exchanger block is completed on all sides by headers, see for example US 6128920 .
  • the reflux condenser in the head of a separation column here: the single column
  • the return passages are at its lower end in communication with the upper region of the separation column, see German patent application 102006037058 and corresponding applications.
  • the retrace capacitor can also according to one of the embodiments of the concurrently filed German patent application 102007035619.8 and the corresponding applications.
  • the one or more heat exchanger blocks of the reflux condenser are preferably designed as a plate heat exchanger, in particular as a brazed aluminum plate heat exchanger.
  • a reflux condenser not only allows heat exchange, but also mass transfer between the gas rising in the return passages and the liquid flowing down there, similar to the corrugated packings of a mass transfer column. This release effect can be expressed as the HETP value (Height Equivalent to One Theoretical Plate).
  • the HETP value of the capacitor is in the range of 300 to 600 mm. Thus, for example, a 1.5 m high reflux condenser works up to five theoretical plates.
  • Such capacitors are regularly designed as a condenser-evaporator. Against the condensing on the liquefaction side (return passages) head gas thus a cooling fluid is evaporated on the evaporation side.
  • the heat exchanger block is usually arranged in a bath. Because of the hydrostatic pressure, the temperature in the evaporation passages rises from top to bottom.
  • the gas flowing upwards in the return passages becomes increasingly richer in components which are more volatile than nitrogen and coldest at the top of the condenser.
  • the temperature profile in the return passages adapts to those of the liquefaction passages.
  • the return condenser creates a natural tendency for a driving temperature gradient which remains almost constant over the entire block height.
  • the driving temperature gradient in the lower condenser area is always smaller than in the upper area. This weakens the contribution of the heating surface located in the lower part of the condenser to the total heat exchange.
  • the Temperature difference goes to zero and a portion of the heating surface is ineffective.
  • the temperature difference between evaporation and liquefaction passages is substantially constant.
  • the exchange area can be reduced accordingly and thus the investment costs can be reduced.
  • the cooling fluid in the upward direction through the evaporation passages is directed ("forced flow" evaporator). This in turn results in a particularly favorable course of the temperatures of evaporating cooling fluid and condensing overhead gas over the height of the top condenser.
  • the cooling fluid is formed by an oxygen-enriched fraction from the lower portion of the single column.
  • the invention also relates to a device according to claim 5.
  • Atmospheric air 1 is introduced after compression, cleaning and cooling (not shown) under an absolute pressure of 5 to 10 bar, preferably about 6 bar in the single column 2 immediately above the bottom.
  • the top condenser 3 of the single column 2 is designed according to the invention as a reflux condenser. It consists in the example of a single plate heat exchanger block. Nitrogen-rich gas from the head of the single column flows down into the return passages (arrow up) and is partially condensed there. The condensate generated in this way flows in countercurrent to the rising gas the return passages down (arrow down) and is used in the single column 2 as a liquid return. (A part can be removed as required as a liquid product.) The gaseous remaining fraction is withdrawn at the upper end of the return passages on a side header 4 as pressure nitrogen stream 5 and recovered after warming in a main heat exchanger, not shown as pressure nitrogen product.
  • An oxygen-enriched fraction 6 is discharged liquid from the bottom of the single column, expanded in a throttle valve to a pressure of 1.5 to 4.0 bar, preferably about 2.5 bar and introduced via a side lower header 8 in the evaporation passages of the top condenser 3, which are operated as a forced flow evaporator.
  • the completely vaporized oxygen-rich fraction 10 is withdrawn via an upper header 9 from the evaporation passages and can be expanded, for example in a residual gas turbine (not shown) to perform work. After heating in the main heat exchanger (not shown) it is withdrawn as a residual stream, used for regeneration of an adsorber for air purification or used as an oxygen-enriched product.
  • the top condenser can be formed in the inventive method on the evaporation side as a falling film evaporator or as a liquid bath evaporator (see German patent application 102006037058 and corresponding applications or simultaneously filed German patent application 102007035619 , and corresponding applications).
  • a reflux condenser in one of the embodiments mentioned herein can also be used as the top condenser of a column of a two or more column nitrogen-oxygen separation process, for example as the main condenser of a classic double column.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
EP08012055A 2007-07-30 2008-07-03 Procédé et dispositif de production d'azote sous haute pression par séparation cryogénique d'air dans une colonne simple Withdrawn EP2026025A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08012055A EP2026025A1 (fr) 2007-07-30 2008-07-03 Procédé et dispositif de production d'azote sous haute pression par séparation cryogénique d'air dans une colonne simple

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200710035603 DE102007035603A1 (de) 2007-07-30 2007-07-30 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gewinnung von Druckstickstoff durch Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft in einer Einzelsäule
EP07019209 2007-09-28
EP08012055A EP2026025A1 (fr) 2007-07-30 2008-07-03 Procédé et dispositif de production d'azote sous haute pression par séparation cryogénique d'air dans une colonne simple

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2026025A1 true EP2026025A1 (fr) 2009-02-18

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08012055A Withdrawn EP2026025A1 (fr) 2007-07-30 2008-07-03 Procédé et dispositif de production d'azote sous haute pression par séparation cryogénique d'air dans une colonne simple

Country Status (1)

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EP (1) EP2026025A1 (fr)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4617040A (en) * 1983-03-08 1986-10-14 Daidousanso Co., Ltd. Highly pure nitrogen gas producing apparatus
US5144809A (en) * 1990-08-07 1992-09-08 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Apparatus for production of nitrogen
US5899093A (en) * 1998-05-22 1999-05-04 Air Liquide Process And Construction, Inc. Process and apparatus for the production of nitrogen by cryogenic distillation
US6128920A (en) 1998-03-03 2000-10-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Dephlegmator
US6351969B1 (en) * 2001-01-31 2002-03-05 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic nitrogen production system using a single brazement
EP1189000A2 (fr) 2000-09-15 2002-03-20 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Installation et procédé comprenant un déphlegmateur
FR2895069A1 (fr) * 2005-12-20 2007-06-22 Air Liquide Appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
EP1890099A1 (fr) * 2006-08-08 2008-02-20 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Déphlegmateur

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4617040A (en) * 1983-03-08 1986-10-14 Daidousanso Co., Ltd. Highly pure nitrogen gas producing apparatus
US5144809A (en) * 1990-08-07 1992-09-08 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Apparatus for production of nitrogen
US6128920A (en) 1998-03-03 2000-10-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Dephlegmator
US5899093A (en) * 1998-05-22 1999-05-04 Air Liquide Process And Construction, Inc. Process and apparatus for the production of nitrogen by cryogenic distillation
EP1189000A2 (fr) 2000-09-15 2002-03-20 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Installation et procédé comprenant un déphlegmateur
US6351969B1 (en) * 2001-01-31 2002-03-05 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic nitrogen production system using a single brazement
FR2895069A1 (fr) * 2005-12-20 2007-06-22 Air Liquide Appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
EP1890099A1 (fr) * 2006-08-08 2008-02-20 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Déphlegmateur

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
HAUSEN; LINDE: "Tieftemperaturtechnik", 1985, pages: 281 - 337

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