EP2020217B1 - Operating table - Google Patents

Operating table Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2020217B1
EP2020217B1 EP07015262A EP07015262A EP2020217B1 EP 2020217 B1 EP2020217 B1 EP 2020217B1 EP 07015262 A EP07015262 A EP 07015262A EP 07015262 A EP07015262 A EP 07015262A EP 2020217 B1 EP2020217 B1 EP 2020217B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
operating table
table according
sensors
measurement system
support column
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP07015262A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2020217A1 (en
Inventor
Jörg Meissner
Arnd Kuchenbecker
Dr. Manfred Fehn
Sven Steffens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Trumpf Medizin Systeme GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Trumpf Medizin Systeme GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=38872070&utm_source=***_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP2020217(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Trumpf Medizin Systeme GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Trumpf Medizin Systeme GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP07015262A priority Critical patent/EP2020217B1/en
Priority to DE502007007063T priority patent/DE502007007063D1/en
Priority to JP2008185748A priority patent/JP5688873B2/en
Priority to US12/183,309 priority patent/US7784126B2/en
Priority to CN2008101450217A priority patent/CN101357096B/en
Priority to EP08013830A priority patent/EP2020218B1/en
Publication of EP2020217A1 publication Critical patent/EP2020217A1/en
Priority to HK09103560.5A priority patent/HK1125285A1/en
Publication of EP2020217B1 publication Critical patent/EP2020217B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G13/00—Operating tables; Auxiliary appliances therefor
    • A61G13/02—Adjustable operating tables; Controls therefor
    • A61G13/08—Adjustable operating tables; Controls therefor the table being divided into different adjustable sections
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G13/00—Operating tables; Auxiliary appliances therefor
    • A61G13/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G13/00—Operating tables; Auxiliary appliances therefor
    • A61G13/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G13/105—Portable, foldable or collapsible tables, e.g. for surgery or treatment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G2203/00—General characteristics of devices
    • A61G2203/30—General characteristics of devices characterised by sensor means
    • A61G2203/32—General characteristics of devices characterised by sensor means for force
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G2203/00—General characteristics of devices
    • A61G2203/30—General characteristics of devices characterised by sensor means
    • A61G2203/44—General characteristics of devices characterised by sensor means for weight
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/10—Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons, e.g. special adaptations of hoists thereto
    • A61G7/1049—Attachment, suspending or supporting means for patients
    • A61G7/1057—Supported platforms, frames or sheets for patient in lying position
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S177/00—Weighing scales
    • Y10S177/09—Scale bearings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an operating table having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • a force measuring system is integrated in the operating tables. For example, this allows you to monitor the weight of the patient during an operation. Such monitoring is particularly advantageous when the patient suffers a heavy blood loss.
  • the weight of the patient is detected by means of a force measuring system and can be displayed, for example, on a display.
  • the tabletop is often pivotable relative to a base plate of the support column and / or displaceable.
  • the table top is pivotable about a pivot axis aligned parallel or perpendicular to the table top longitudinal axis. This makes it possible to raise or lower the upper body of a patient lying on the table top or to tilt the patient around the table top longitudinal axis.
  • the table top is displaceable relative to the support column in the longitudinal or transverse direction of the table top.
  • pivoting or moving drive units are used, which is associated with an electronic control unit.
  • Object of the present invention is to develop an operating table of the type mentioned in such a way that it has an improved tilt stability.
  • the center of gravity of the table top with befindlichem patient is determinable.
  • the mechanical load of the support column is determined by the patient's weight and its distribution and by the weight and the center of gravity of the table top with possibly existing attachable storage segments and possibly fixed to the table top equipment. It is therefore advantageous if by means of the force measuring system, the entire mechanical load of the support column can be detected.
  • the force measuring system has a plurality of spaced-apart sensors, which are connected to a central measuring electronics.
  • the use of several sensors makes it possible to detect the load distribution, ie. H. the distribution of the load acting on the support column.
  • a highly uneven load distribution can be counteracted to counteract a tilting of the operating table in a timely manner.
  • the table top is detachably connectable to the table column.
  • the table top can thus be removed from the support column and mounted on demand on this. This allows the patient to be placed outside the operating room on the table top. Subsequently, the table top can be mounted with the patient mounted thereon on the support column. After the operation, the table top can be removed with the patient again from the support column and transferred to a rest room. The number of reburial of the patient can be reduced.
  • the force measuring system is preferably integrated in the support column. This makes it possible to use for the operating table known various tabletops, which are preferably detachably connectable to the support column.
  • the load exerted by the table top and a patient on it on the support column, and preferably also the load deflection, can be determined.
  • the occurring during assembly of the table top on the support column and the removal of the table top of the support column lateral forces and moments The guide surfaces of the tabletop and support column, which result from a possible misalignment of the table top due to unfavorable center of gravity can be determined by the force measuring system and processed by a control unit of the operating table so that the support column is pivoted in its upper region such that no lateral Forces occur more. This facilitates the assembly and removal of the tabletop on or from the support column.
  • the support column has a pivotable column head.
  • the column head may be adjustable in height relative to a column shaft and / or pivotable about a horizontal pivot axis.
  • the table top can be mounted on the column head.
  • At least one sensor of the force measuring system is preferably integrated in the column head.
  • all sensors of the force measuring system and preferably also its measuring electronics are integrated in the column head.
  • the column head has a top plate on which the table top can be mounted and which is pivotable relative to a support plate of the support column and preferably adjustable in height.
  • the force measuring system is preferably arranged between the top plate and the support plate.
  • the table top is held on the support plate of the support column via a plurality of support elements, preferably via three support elements, wherein the load acting on each support element can be detected with the aid of at least one sensor of the force measuring system.
  • the force measuring system thus has a plurality of sensors which detect the load acting on the support elements. This makes it possible, on the one hand, to determine the entire load acting on the support plate by means of the force measuring system and, on the other hand, a load distribution can be detected.
  • the determination of such Load distribution is particularly advantageous if the table top is displaceable and / or pivotable, because by determining the load distribution can be counteracted in good time a deterioration of the tilting stability of the operating table.
  • the sensors of the force measuring system are integrated in the support elements.
  • the space required for the force measuring system can thus be kept very low.
  • each support element has at least two sensors, preferably at least four sensors, because this allows the measurement accuracy, which can be achieved by means of the force measuring system, be increased.
  • the support elements are designed as universal joints with two hinge pins which are pivotable about parallel or perpendicular to the table top longitudinal axis pivoted axes, wherein the force acting on at least one hinge pin load by means of at least one sensor of the force measuring system can be detected.
  • the table top can be pivoted both about a parallel to the table top longitudinal axis and about an aligned perpendicular to the table top longitudinal axis.
  • the cardan joints are each held on a lifting device, so that they are adjustable in height relative to a support plate of the support column.
  • the lifting device may for example be manually, electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically driven.
  • each cardan joint is assigned a plurality of sensors of the force measuring system, in particular two or four sensors.
  • the measurement accuracy that can be achieved by means of the force measuring system can thereby be improved.
  • the force measuring system has sensors for detecting an electrical resistance change.
  • the electrical resistance change can be caused by a mechanical load acting on a component of the operating table coupled to the sensors. By detecting the change in electrical resistance, the acting mechanical load can thus be determined.
  • the sensors can provide an electrical signal that can be evaluated by an evaluation to which the sensors are connected.
  • the sensors can be configured for example in the form of strain gauges. These are preferably two-dimensional sensors, which are fixed to a component of the operating table, preferably glued to the component, and whose electrical resistance changes in a deformation of the component. The deformation is caused by the mechanical stress and can be detected in the form of a change in the electrical resistance of the sensor.
  • strain gauges are aligned parallel to each other. It has been shown that thereby the measurement accuracy can be increased.
  • Wheatstone bridge circuit It is particularly favorable if in each case four strain gauges are combined to form a Wheatstone bridge circuit.
  • the measuring accuracy can be additionally increased, in particular temperature effects can be compensated.
  • Wheatstone bridge circuits are known per se to those skilled in the art. They each have two pairs of resistors, which are connected in parallel with each other, each pair of resistors having two series-connected electrical resistors.
  • the force measuring system has magnetic-field-sensitive sensors for detecting a change in the magnetic field.
  • Such sensors enable non-contact measured value acquisition. This makes it possible, for example, to determine a mechanical load by detecting the change in a magnetic field caused by the load. The determination of the mechanical load is thus based on the principle of magnetostriction, d. H.
  • the measuring principle is based on the fact that a permanent magnet causes a change of the magnetic field caused by it during a mechanical deformation. This magnetic field change can be detected by means of the magnetic field-sensitive sensors, wherein the sensors output an electrical signal as a function of the magnetic field change caused by the mechanical load.
  • At least one magnetic field-sensitive sensor is designed in the form of a coil.
  • the coil can form a high-resolution magnetic scanning unit that precisely detects changes in a magnetic field.
  • the at least one magnetic field-sensitive sensor is associated with a magnetically coded ferromagnetic material which is mechanically loadable by the weight of the table top with the patient thereon.
  • a ferromagnetic material for example, made of a ferromagnetic steel shaft for Use, which is subject to mechanical stress due to the weight of the patient. The load leads to a slight deformation of the shaft as a function of the size of the patient's weight. Since the shaft is magnetically coded, the magnetic field generated therefrom changes depending on the magnetic load applied to the shaft, and this magnetic field change can be detected by the at least one magnetic field sensitive sensor.
  • the ferromagnetic material is magnetically encoded by being locally magnetized. The material is thus embossed with a magnetic structure that stores it permanently. The embossed magnetic structure leads to the formation of a magnetic field, which changes depending on the applied mechanical load.
  • the ferromagnetic material is designed as a hollow shaft and the associated magnetic field-sensitive sensors are arranged within the hollow shaft. As a result, the space required for the force measuring system can be greatly reduced.
  • a signal processing element is arranged in the hollow shaft, to which the sensors positioned in the hollow shaft are connected.
  • the ferromagnetic material is formed as a magnetically coded hinge pin of a universal joint.
  • the universal joint can, as already explained, the table top be held on the support column.
  • the mechanical load exerted by the table top and the patients on it is thus absorbed by the magnetically coded hinge pins of the cardan joints, and an electrical signal is output by means of sensors arranged in the hinge pins in dependence on the applied mechanical load. Based on This signal can be used to determine the weight of the patient and the distribution of the mechanical load.
  • the maximum swivel angle and the maximum displacement can be determined starting from a zero position of the table top in a structurally simple manner.
  • FIG. 1 schematically an inventive operating table 10 is shown, which has a height-adjustable support column 12, on which a Table top 14 is releasably held.
  • the table top 14 is designed in several parts, it comprises a support column 12 mounted on the base segment 15, on the one hand, a leg segment 16 and on the other hand, a back segment 17 are each pivotally supported about a horizontal pivot axis. At the back segment 17, a head segment 18 is held pivotably.
  • the table top 14 could of course also be designed in one piece.
  • the support column 12 comprises a base plate 20, on which a column shaft 21 is fixed, which carries a column head 22 on the upper side.
  • the column head 22 is in FIG. 2 shown schematically. At the column head 22, the base segment 15 of the table top 14 is releasably held.
  • the column head 22 comprises a top plate 24, on the underside of three universal joints 27, 28 and 29 are arranged.
  • the cardan joints 27, 28 and 29 are respectively held at the free end of a spindle 31, 32 and 33, which is adjustable in height by means of a known per se and therefore not shown in the drawing drive element.
  • the drive elements are integrated in the column shaft 21 and fixed to a support plate 35 of the column shaft 21. By raising the spindles 31, 32 and 33, the top plate 24 can be raised relative to the support plate 35. If the spindles 31, 32 and 33 are raised to the same extent, then the table top 14 is only adjusted in height while the orientation remains the same.
  • the head plate 24 and the table top 14 held on it perform a pivotal movement, wherein the table top 14 can optionally be pivoted about a parallel to the table top longitudinal axis and about an axis perpendicular to the table top axis pivot axis.
  • the cardan joints 27, 28 and 29 are designed identically. They each have a first hinge pin 37, which is mounted pivotably about a pivot axis aligned perpendicular to the table top longitudinal axis in a U-shaped first bearing block 38.
  • the first bearing block 38 is fixed at the free end of the respective spindle 31, 32 and 33, respectively.
  • the universal joints 27, 28 and 29 each have a second hinge pin 40 which rests on the first hinge pin 37 and in a second bearing block 41, which is also U-shaped, about a parallel to the table top longitudinal axis aligned pivot axis is pivotally mounted.
  • the second bracket 41 is fixed to the underside of the top plate 24.
  • the cardan joints 27, 28 and 29 each form a support element, via which the table top 14 is held on the support column 12.
  • integrated into the cardan joints 27, 28 and 29 sensors in combination with a in the column shaft 21, preferably between the top plate 24 and the support plate 35, arranged measuring electronics form a force measuring system with which the weight of a patient located on the table top 14 can be determined.
  • each cardan joint 27, 28 and 29 associated with four sensors in the form of strain gauges, wherein in FIG. 4 only two strain gauges 43, 44 are visible.
  • Two strain gauges are parallel to each other on the first hinge pin 37 of each universal joint 27, 28 and 29 fixed by means of an adhesive bond, wherein the second hinge pin 40 is positioned between the two strain gauge pairs.
  • the first hinge pin 37 thus carries a total of four strain gauges, which are connected together in a conventional manner in the form of a Wheatstone bridge bridge. By means of the strain gauges 43, 44, the mechanical load acting on the first hinge pin 37 can be determined.
  • each universal joint 27, 28 and 29 corresponding strain gauges are assigned, thus, on the one hand, the total load, which acts on the cardan shaft 21 via the cardan joints 27, 28 and 29, can be determined, and beyond the load distribution can be detected.
  • the acting load results from the weight of the table top 14 and the head plate 24 and from the weight of the patient located on the table top 14.
  • the patient weight can be determined from the total load.
  • strain gauges 43, 44 which are each associated with a first hinge pin 37, are connected via connecting wires, which are not shown in the drawing to achieve a better overview, with a arranged in the interior of the form of a hollow shaft first hinge pin 37 signal processing member. From this signal processing element leads a connection cable 46 to the already mentioned central measuring electronics, which is arranged for example in the column shaft 21. Based on the signals from the signal processing members of the cardan joints 27, 28 and 29, an output signal is provided by the meter electronics in response to the mechanical load applied to the cardan joints 27, 28 and 29.
  • the maximum pivot angle by which the table top 14 can be pivoted also determined as the maximum displacement to which the table top 14 relative to the support column 12 in the tabletop longitudinal direction or can be moved transversely to the tabletop longitudinal direction.
  • Maximum pivot angle and maximum displacement of the table top 14 are thus determined depending on the weight of the patient. The greater the patient weight, the lower the maximum pivot angle and the maximum displacement are chosen to ensure optimal stability of the operating table 10 in each case.
  • FIG. 5 a second embodiment of a force measuring system is shown, which can be used at the operating table 10.
  • the first hinge pin 37 of the universal joints 27, 28 and 29 are each formed as a hollow shaft, which carries in its interior a signal processing member 49 from which a connection cable 50 leads to the outside.
  • the signal processing member 49 is connected to the central measuring electronics of the operating table 10, which is arranged for example in the column shaft 21.
  • the first hinge pin 37 of the cardan joints 27, 28 and 29 is made of a ferromagnetic material, preferably an industrial steel is used, which contains between 1.5% and 8% nickel.
  • the first hinge pin 37 has on both sides of the second hinge pin 40 each have a magnetic coding, ie on both sides of the second hinge pin 40, the ferromagnetic first hinge pin 37 was magnetically encoded by him a magnetic structure was impressed by applying a very strong external magnetic field. This magnetic structure keeps the first hinge pin 37 permanently.
  • four magnetic-field-sensitive sensors are arranged in the form of coils within the first hinge pin 37 on both sides of the second hinge pin 40, which are each connected to the signal processing element 49.
  • FIG. 5 are to achieve a better overview on both sides of the second hinge pin 40 each have three coils 53, 54 and 55th shown.
  • the mechanical load is detected without contact with very high accuracy.
  • the force measuring system requires no additional space and is therefore also suitable for retrofitting existing operating tables.
  • force measuring system can also by means of in FIG. 5 not only the patient's weight can be determined, but in addition, depending on the patient's weight, a maximum pivoting angle and a maximum displacement, starting from the in FIG. 1 shown zero position of the table top 14, to be determined.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Accommodation For Nursing Or Treatment Tables (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Operationstisch mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes von Patentanspruch 1.The invention relates to an operating table having the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Operationstische sind dem Fachmann in vielfältiger Ausführungsform bekannt, beispielsweise aus EP-A-1 635 153 und US-A-4 869 266 . Auf der Tischplatte kann ein Patient während einer Operation oder einer Untersuchung gelagert werden. In der WO 2006/089399 A und der EP-A-1 634 558 A werden entsprechend ausgestaltete Pflegebetten beschrieben.Such operating tables are known to those skilled in various embodiments, for example EP-A-1 635 153 and U.S. Patent 4,869,266 , On the tabletop, a patient can be stored during an operation or examination. In the WO 2006/089399 A and the EP-A-1 634 558 A accordingly designed nursing beds are described.

In die Operationstische ist ein Kraftmesssystem integriert. Dies gibt beispielsweise die Möglichkeit, das Gewicht des Patienten während einer Operation zu überwachen. Eine derartige Überwachung ist insbesondere dann von Vorteil, wenn der Patient einen starken Blutverlust erleidet. Das Gewicht des Patienten wird mittels eines Kraftmesssystems erfasst und kann beispielsweise auf einem Display angezeigt werden.A force measuring system is integrated in the operating tables. For example, this allows you to monitor the weight of the patient during an operation. Such monitoring is particularly advantageous when the patient suffers a heavy blood loss. The weight of the patient is detected by means of a force measuring system and can be displayed, for example, on a display.

Die Tischplatte ist häufig relativ zu einer Grundplatte der Tragsäule verschwenkbar und/oder verschiebbar. Beispielsweise kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Tischplatte um eine parallel oder senkrecht zur Tischplattenlängsachse ausgerichtete Schwenkachse verschwenkbar ist. Dies gibt die Möglichkeit, den Oberkörper eines auf der Tischplatte liegenden Patienten anzuheben oder abzusenken oder auch den Patienten um die Tischplattenlängsachse zu verkippen. Es kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Tischplatte relativ zur Tragsäule In Längs- oder Querrichtung der Tischplatte verschiebbar ist. Zum Verschwenken bzw. Verschieben kommen Antriebsaggregate zum Einsatz, denen eine elektronische Steuereinheit zugeordnet ist.The tabletop is often pivotable relative to a base plate of the support column and / or displaceable. For example, it can be provided that the table top is pivotable about a pivot axis aligned parallel or perpendicular to the table top longitudinal axis. This makes it possible to raise or lower the upper body of a patient lying on the table top or to tilt the patient around the table top longitudinal axis. It can also be provided that the table top is displaceable relative to the support column in the longitudinal or transverse direction of the table top. For pivoting or moving drive units are used, which is associated with an electronic control unit.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen Operationstisch der eingangs genannten Art derart weiterzubilden, dass er eine verbesserte Kippstabilität aufweist.Object of the present invention is to develop an operating table of the type mentioned in such a way that it has an improved tilt stability.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Operationstisch der gattungsgemäßen Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass der maximale Schwenkwinkel bzw. der maximale Verschiebeweg bezogen auf eine Nullstellung der Tischplatte in Abhängigkeit von einem Ausgangssignal des Kraftmesssystems steuerbar ist. Dies gibt die Möglichkeit, je nach Patientengewicht den maximalen Schwenkwinkel bzw. maximalen Verschiebeweg zu begrenzen, so dass beim Verschwenken bzw. Verschieben der Tischplatte die Kippstabilität des Operationstisches keinesfalls beeinträchtigt wird. Weist der Patient nur ein verhältnismäßig geringes Gewicht auf, so kann auf Basis des Ausgangssignals des Kraftmesssystems ein größerer maximaler Schwenkwinkel bzw. ein größerer maximaler Verschiebeweg vorgegeben werden, als dies bei einem Patienten mit einem verhältnismäßig hohen Gewicht der Fall ist. Starr vorgegebene maximale Schwenkwinkel bzw. maximale Verschiebewege können somit entfällen, vielmehr wird der maximale Schwenkwinkel ebenso wie der maximale Verschiebeweg maßgeblich durch das Ausgangssignal des Kraftmesssystems bestimmt.This object is achieved in an operating table of the generic type according to the invention that the maximum swing angle or the maximum displacement relative to a zero position of the table top in response to an output signal of the force measuring system is controllable. This makes it possible, depending on the patient's weight, to limit the maximum pivoting angle or maximum displacement, so that the tilting stability of the operating table is in no way impaired when the table top is pivoted or moved. If the patient has only a comparatively low weight, a greater maximum swivel angle or a larger maximum displacement can be predefined on the basis of the output signal of the force measuring system than is the case in a patient with a relatively high weight. Rigid predetermined maximum swivel angle or maximum displacement paths can thus eliminate, rather, the maximum swivel angle as well as the maximum displacement is largely determined by the output of the force measuring system.

Von Vorteil ist es, wenn mittels des Kraftmesssystems die Schwerpunktlage der Tischplatte mit darauf befindlichem Patienten bestimmbar ist. Die mechanische Belastung der Tragsäule bestimmt sich durch das Patientengewicht und dessen Verteilung sowie durch das Gewicht und die Schwerpunktlage der Tischplatte mit gegebenenfalls vorhandenen weiteren anbaubaren Lagerungssegmenten und eventuell an der Tischplatte festgelegten Apparaturen. Es ist deshalb von Vorteil, wenn mittels des Kraftmesssystems die gesamte mechanische Belastung der Tragsäule erfassbar ist.It is advantageous if by means of the force measuring system, the center of gravity of the table top with befindlichem patient is determinable. The mechanical load of the support column is determined by the patient's weight and its distribution and by the weight and the center of gravity of the table top with possibly existing attachable storage segments and possibly fixed to the table top equipment. It is therefore advantageous if by means of the force measuring system, the entire mechanical load of the support column can be detected.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform weist das Kraftmesssystem mehrere im Abstand zueinander angeordnete Sensoren auf, die mit einer zentralen Messelektronik verbunden sind. Der Einsatz mehrerer Sensoren ermöglicht es, die Lastverteilung zu erfassen, d. h. die Verteilung der auf die Tragsäule einwirkenden Last. Somit kann einer stark ungleichmäßigen Lastverteilung entgegengewirkt werden, um einem Verkippen des Operationstisches rechtzeitig entgegenzuwirken.In an advantageous embodiment, the force measuring system has a plurality of spaced-apart sensors, which are connected to a central measuring electronics. The use of several sensors makes it possible to detect the load distribution, ie. H. the distribution of the load acting on the support column. Thus, a highly uneven load distribution can be counteracted to counteract a tilting of the operating table in a timely manner.

Vorzugsweise ist die Tischplatte mit der Tischsäule lösbar verbindbar. Die Tischplatte kann somit von der Tragsäule abgenommen und bei Bedarf auf dieser montiert werden. Dies gibt die Möglichkeit, den Patienten außerhalb des Operationssaales auf der Tischplatte zu betten. Anschließend kann die Tischplatte mit dem darauf gelagerten Patienten auf der Tragsäule montiert werden. Nach erfolgter Operation kann die Tischplatte mit dem Patienten wieder von der Tragsäule abgenommen und In einen Ruheraum überführt werden. Die Zahl der Umbettungen des Patienten kann dadurch verringert werden.Preferably, the table top is detachably connectable to the table column. The table top can thus be removed from the support column and mounted on demand on this. This allows the patient to be placed outside the operating room on the table top. Subsequently, the table top can be mounted with the patient mounted thereon on the support column. After the operation, the table top can be removed with the patient again from the support column and transferred to a rest room. The number of reburial of the patient can be reduced.

Das Kraftmesssystem ist vorzugsweise in die Tragsäule integriert. Dies ermöglicht es, für den Operationstisch an sich bekannte verschiedenartigste Tischplatten zu verwenden, die vorzugsweise mit der Tragsäule lösbar verbindbar sind. Mittels des Kraftmesssystems kann die von der Tischplatte und einem darauf befindlichen Patienten auf die Tragsäule ausgeübte Last und vorzugsweise auch die Lastvertellung ermittelt werden.The force measuring system is preferably integrated in the support column. This makes it possible to use for the operating table known various tabletops, which are preferably detachably connectable to the support column. By means of the force measuring system, the load exerted by the table top and a patient on it on the support column, and preferably also the load deflection, can be determined.

Die bei der Montage der Tischplatte auf die Tragsäule und dem Abnehmen der Tischplatte von der Tragsäule auftretenden seitlichen Kräfte und Momente an den Führungsflächen von Tischplatte und Tragsäule, die sich durch eine eventuelle Schiefstellung der Tischplatte aufgrund von ungünstigen Schwerpunktslagen ergeben, können durch das Kraftmesssystem ermittelt und von einer Steuereinheit des Operationstisches so verarbeitet werden, dass die Tragsäule in ihrem oberen Bereich derart verschwenkt wird, dass keine seitlichen Kräfte mehr auftreten. Dies erleichtert die Montage und das Abnehmen der Tischplatte auf der bzw. von der Tragsäule.The occurring during assembly of the table top on the support column and the removal of the table top of the support column lateral forces and moments The guide surfaces of the tabletop and support column, which result from a possible misalignment of the table top due to unfavorable center of gravity can be determined by the force measuring system and processed by a control unit of the operating table so that the support column is pivoted in its upper region such that no lateral Forces occur more. This facilitates the assembly and removal of the tabletop on or from the support column.

Günstig ist es, wenn die Tragsäule einen verschwenkbaren Säulenkopf aufweist. Der Säulenkopf kann beispielsweise relativ zu einem Säulenschaft in der Höhe verstellbar und/oder um eine horizontale Schwenkachse verschwenkbar sein. Auf dem Säulenkopf kann die Tischplatte montiert werden. Zumindest ein Sensor des Kraftmesssystems ist bevorzugt in den Säulenkopf integriert. Insbesondere kann vorgesehen sein, dass alle Sensoren des Kraftmesssystems und vorzugsweise auch dessen Messelektronik in den Säulenkopf integriert sind. Es kann beispielsweise vorgesehen sein, dass der Säulenkopf eine Kopfplatte aufweist, auf der die Tischplatte montierbar ist und die relativ zu einer Stützplatte der Tragsäule verschwenkbar und vorzugsweise in ihrer Höhe verstellbar ist. Das Kraftmesssystem ist bevorzugt zwischen der Kopfplatte und der Stützplatte angeordnet.It is advantageous if the support column has a pivotable column head. For example, the column head may be adjustable in height relative to a column shaft and / or pivotable about a horizontal pivot axis. The table top can be mounted on the column head. At least one sensor of the force measuring system is preferably integrated in the column head. In particular, it can be provided that all sensors of the force measuring system and preferably also its measuring electronics are integrated in the column head. It can be provided, for example, that the column head has a top plate on which the table top can be mounted and which is pivotable relative to a support plate of the support column and preferably adjustable in height. The force measuring system is preferably arranged between the top plate and the support plate.

Von besonderem Vorteil ist es, wenn die Tischplatte über mehrere Stützelemente, vorzugsweise über drei Stützelemente, an der Stützplatte der Tragsäule gehalten ist, wobei die auf jedes Stützelement einwirkende Last mit Hilfe von mindestens einem Sensor des Kraftmesssystems erfassbar ist. Das Kraftmesssystem weist somit mehrere Sensoren auf, die die auf die Stützelemente einwirkende Last erfassen. Die ermöglicht zum einen, die gesamte Last, die auf die Stützplatte einwirkt, mittels des Kraftmesssystems zu bestimmen, zum anderen kann eine Lastverteilung erfasst werden. Die Bestimmung einer derartigen Lastverteilung ist insbesondere dann von Vorteil, wenn die Tischplatte verschiebbar und/oder verschwenkbar ist, denn durch die Bestimmung der Lastverteilung kann rechtzeitig einer Beeinträchtigung der Kippstabilität des Operationstisches entgegengewirkt werden.It is particularly advantageous if the table top is held on the support plate of the support column via a plurality of support elements, preferably via three support elements, wherein the load acting on each support element can be detected with the aid of at least one sensor of the force measuring system. The force measuring system thus has a plurality of sensors which detect the load acting on the support elements. This makes it possible, on the one hand, to determine the entire load acting on the support plate by means of the force measuring system and, on the other hand, a load distribution can be detected. The determination of such Load distribution is particularly advantageous if the table top is displaceable and / or pivotable, because by determining the load distribution can be counteracted in good time a deterioration of the tilting stability of the operating table.

Vorzugsweise sind die Sensoren des Kraftmesssystems in die Stützelemente integriert. Der für das Kraftmesssystem erforderliche Bauraum kann somit sehr gering gehalten werden. Insbesondere ist es möglich, bestehende Operationstische mit einem Kraftmesssystem nachzurüsten.Preferably, the sensors of the force measuring system are integrated in the support elements. The space required for the force measuring system can thus be kept very low. In particular, it is possible to retrofit existing operating tables with a force measuring system.

Es kann vorgesehen sein, dass in jedes Stützelement ein einziger Sensor des Kraftmesssystems integriert ist. Von besonderem Vorteil ist es jedoch, wenn jedes Stützelement mindestens zwei Sensoren, vorzugsweise mindestens vier Sensoren aufweist, denn dadurch kann die Messgenauigkeit, die mittels des Kraftmesssystems erzielbar ist, gesteigert werden.It can be provided that a single sensor of the force measuring system is integrated in each support element. However, it is particularly advantageous if each support element has at least two sensors, preferably at least four sensors, because this allows the measurement accuracy, which can be achieved by means of the force measuring system, be increased.

Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Operationstisches sind die Stützelemente als Kardangelenke ausgebildet mit zwei Gelenkbolzen, die um parallel bzw. senkrecht zur Tischplattenlängsachse ausgerichtete Schwenkachsen verschwenkbar sind, wobei die auf mindestens einen Gelenkbolzen einwirkende Last mit Hilfe von mindestens einem Sensor des Kraftmesssystems erfassbar ist. Mittels der Kardangelenke kann die Tischplatte sowohl um eine parallel zur Tischplattenlängsachse als auch um eine senkrecht zur Tischplattenlängsachse ausgerichtete Schwenkachse verschwenkt werden. Hierzu kommen vorzugsweise drei Kardangelenke zum Einsatz. Bevorzugt sind die Kardangelenke jeweils an einer Hubeinrichtung gehalten, so dass sie in ihrer Höhe relativ zu einer Stützplatte der Tragsäule verstellbar sind. Die Hubeinrichtung kann beispielsweise manuell, elektrisch, hydraulisch oder pneumatisch antreibbar sein.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the operating table according to the invention, the support elements are designed as universal joints with two hinge pins which are pivotable about parallel or perpendicular to the table top longitudinal axis pivoted axes, wherein the force acting on at least one hinge pin load by means of at least one sensor of the force measuring system can be detected. By means of universal joints, the table top can be pivoted both about a parallel to the table top longitudinal axis and about an aligned perpendicular to the table top longitudinal axis. For this purpose, preferably three universal joints are used. Preferably, the cardan joints are each held on a lifting device, so that they are adjustable in height relative to a support plate of the support column. The lifting device may for example be manually, electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically driven.

Bevorzugt sind jedem Kardangelenk mehrere Sensoren des Kraftmesssystems, insbesondere zwei oder vier Sensoren zugeordnet. Wie bereits erläutert, kann dadurch die Messgenauigkeit, die mittels des Kraftmesssystems erzielbar ist, verbessert werden.Preferably, each cardan joint is assigned a plurality of sensors of the force measuring system, in particular two or four sensors. As already explained, the measurement accuracy that can be achieved by means of the force measuring system can thereby be improved.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung weist das Kraftmesssystem Sensoren zur Erfassung einer elektrischen Widerstandsänderung auf. Die elektrische Widerstandsänderung kann durch eine mechanische Last hervorgerufen werden, die auf ein mit den Sensoren gekoppeltes Bauteil des Operationstisches einwirkt. Durch Erfassung der elektrischen Widerstandsänderung kann somit die einwirkende mechanische Last bestimmt werden. Die Sensoren können ein elektrisches Signal bereitstellen, das von einer Auswerteelektronik, an die die Sensoren angeschlossen sind, ausgewertet werden kann.In a preferred embodiment, the force measuring system has sensors for detecting an electrical resistance change. The electrical resistance change can be caused by a mechanical load acting on a component of the operating table coupled to the sensors. By detecting the change in electrical resistance, the acting mechanical load can thus be determined. The sensors can provide an electrical signal that can be evaluated by an evaluation to which the sensors are connected.

Die Sensoren können beispielsweise in Form von Dehnungsmessstreifen ausgestaltet sein. Es handelt sich hierbei um vorzugsweise flächig ausgebildete Sensoren, die an einem Bauteil des Operationstisches festgelegt werden, vorzugsweise mit dem Bauteil verklebt werden, und deren elektrischer Widerstand sich bei einer Deformation des Bauteils ändert. Die Deformation wird durch die mechanische Belastung hervorgerufen und kann in Form einer Änderung des elektrischen Widerstandes des Sensors erfasst werden.The sensors can be configured for example in the form of strain gauges. These are preferably two-dimensional sensors, which are fixed to a component of the operating table, preferably glued to the component, and whose electrical resistance changes in a deformation of the component. The deformation is caused by the mechanical stress and can be detected in the form of a change in the electrical resistance of the sensor.

Vorzugsweise sind jeweils zwei Dehnungsmessstreifen parallel zueinander ausgerichtet. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass dadurch die Messgenauigkeit erhöht werden kann.Preferably, two strain gauges are aligned parallel to each other. It has been shown that thereby the measurement accuracy can be increased.

Besonders günstig ist es, wenn jeweils vier Dehnungsmessstreifen zu einer Wheatstone'schen Brückenschaltung zusammengefasst sind. Die Messgenauigkeit kann dadurch zusätzlich erhöht werden, insbesondere können Temperatureinflüsse kompensiert werden. Derartige Wheatstone'sche Brückenschaltungen sind dem Fachmann an sich bekannt. Sie weisen jeweils zwei Widerstandspaare auf, die parallel zueinander geschaltet sind, wobei jedes Widerstandspaar zwei in Reihe geschaltete elektrische Widerstände aufweist.It is particularly favorable if in each case four strain gauges are combined to form a Wheatstone bridge circuit. The measuring accuracy can be additionally increased, in particular temperature effects can be compensated. Such Wheatstone bridge circuits are known per se to those skilled in the art. They each have two pairs of resistors, which are connected in parallel with each other, each pair of resistors having two series-connected electrical resistors.

Alternativ oder ergänzend zu elektrischen Sensoren weist das Kraftmesssystem bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Operationstisches magnetfeldempfindliche Sensoren auf zur Erfassung einer Magnetfeldänderung. Derartige Sensoren ermöglichen eine berührungslose Messwerterfassung. Dies ermöglicht es beispielsweise, eine mechanische Last dadurch zu bestimmen, dass die von der Last hervorgerufene Änderung eines Magnetfeldes erfasst wird. Die Bestimmung der mechanischen Last erfolgt somit auf dem Prinzip der Magnetostriktion, d. h. das Messprinzip beruht darauf, dass ein Permanentmagnet bei einer mechanischen Deformation eine Änderung des von ihm hervorgerufenen Magnetfeldes bewirkt. Diese Magnetfeldänderung kann mittels der magnetfeldempfindlichen Sensoren erfasst werden, wobei die Sensoren ein elektrisches Signal ausgeben in Abhängigkeit von der durch die mechanische Last hervorgerufenen Magnetfeldänderung.As an alternative or in addition to electrical sensors, in a particularly preferred embodiment of the operating table according to the invention, the force measuring system has magnetic-field-sensitive sensors for detecting a change in the magnetic field. Such sensors enable non-contact measured value acquisition. This makes it possible, for example, to determine a mechanical load by detecting the change in a magnetic field caused by the load. The determination of the mechanical load is thus based on the principle of magnetostriction, d. H. The measuring principle is based on the fact that a permanent magnet causes a change of the magnetic field caused by it during a mechanical deformation. This magnetic field change can be detected by means of the magnetic field-sensitive sensors, wherein the sensors output an electrical signal as a function of the magnetic field change caused by the mechanical load.

Günstig ist es, wenn zumindest ein magnetfeldempfindlicher Sensor in Form einer Spule ausgestaltet ist. Die Spule kann eine hoch auflösende magnetische Abtasteinheit ausbilden, die Änderungen eines Magnetfeldes präzise erfasst.It is advantageous if at least one magnetic field-sensitive sensor is designed in the form of a coil. The coil can form a high-resolution magnetic scanning unit that precisely detects changes in a magnetic field.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung ist dem mindestens einen magnetfeldempfindlichen Sensor ein magnetisch kodiertes ferromagnetisches Material zugeordnet, das durch das Gewicht der Tischplatte mit dem darauf befindlichen Patienten mechanisch belastbar ist. Als ferromagnetisches Material kann beispielsweise eine aus einem ferromagnetischen Stahl gefertigte Welle zum Einsatz kommen, die einer mechanischen Belastung unterliegt aufgrund des Gewichtes des Patienten. Die Belastung führt zu einer geringfügigen Verformung der Welle in Abhängigkeit von der Größe des Patientengewichtes. Da die Welle magnetisch kodiert ist, ändert sich in Abhängigkeit von der auf die Welle einwirkenden magnetischen Last das von dieser erzeugte Magnetfeld, und diese Magnetfeldänderung kann von dem mindestens einen magnetfeldempfindlichen Sensor erfasst werden. Zur Bereitstellung eines Magnetfeldes wird das ferromagnetische Material magnetisch kodiert, indem es lokal magnetisiert wird. Dem Material wird somit eine magnetische Struktur eingeprägt, die es dauerhaft speichert. Die eingeprägte Magnetstruktur führt zur Ausbildung eines Magnetfeldes, das sich je nach einwirkender mechanischer Last ändert.In a preferred embodiment, the at least one magnetic field-sensitive sensor is associated with a magnetically coded ferromagnetic material which is mechanically loadable by the weight of the table top with the patient thereon. As a ferromagnetic material, for example, made of a ferromagnetic steel shaft for Use, which is subject to mechanical stress due to the weight of the patient. The load leads to a slight deformation of the shaft as a function of the size of the patient's weight. Since the shaft is magnetically coded, the magnetic field generated therefrom changes depending on the magnetic load applied to the shaft, and this magnetic field change can be detected by the at least one magnetic field sensitive sensor. To provide a magnetic field, the ferromagnetic material is magnetically encoded by being locally magnetized. The material is thus embossed with a magnetic structure that stores it permanently. The embossed magnetic structure leads to the formation of a magnetic field, which changes depending on the applied mechanical load.

Von Vorteil ist es, wenn das ferromagnetische Material als Hohlwelle ausgestaltet ist und die zugeordneten magnetfeldempfindlichen Sensoren innerhalb der Hohlwelle angeordnet sind. Dadurch kann der für das Kraftmesssystem erforderliche Bauraum sehr stark reduziert werden.It is advantageous if the ferromagnetic material is designed as a hollow shaft and the associated magnetic field-sensitive sensors are arranged within the hollow shaft. As a result, the space required for the force measuring system can be greatly reduced.

Günstigerweise ist in der Hohlwelle ein Signalverarbeitungsglied angeordnet, an das die in der Hohlwelle positionierten Sensoren angeschlossen sind.Conveniently, a signal processing element is arranged in the hollow shaft, to which the sensors positioned in the hollow shaft are connected.

Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung ist das ferromagnetische Material als magnetisch kodierter Gelenkbolzen eines Kardangelenkes ausgebildet. Mittels des Kardangelenkes kann, wie bereits erläutert, die Tischplatte an der Tragsäule gehalten sein. Die von der Tischplatte und dem auf dieser befindlichen Patienten ausgeübte mechanische Last wird somit von den magnetisch kodierten Gelenkbolzen der Kardangelenke aufgenommen, und mittels in den Gelenkbolzen angeordneter Sensoren wird in Abhängigkeit von der einwirkenden mechanischen Last ein elektrisches Signal ausgegeben. Auf Grundlage dieses Signales kann das Patientengewicht und die Verteilung der mechanischen Last bestimmt werden. Außerdem kann auf Basis dieses Signales der maximale Schwenkwinkel und der maximale Verschiebeweg ausgehend von einer Nullstellung der Tischplatte auf konstruktiv einfache Weise bestimmt werden.In a particularly preferred embodiment, the ferromagnetic material is formed as a magnetically coded hinge pin of a universal joint. By means of the universal joint can, as already explained, the table top be held on the support column. The mechanical load exerted by the table top and the patients on it is thus absorbed by the magnetically coded hinge pins of the cardan joints, and an electrical signal is output by means of sensors arranged in the hinge pins in dependence on the applied mechanical load. Based on This signal can be used to determine the weight of the patient and the distribution of the mechanical load. In addition, based on this signal, the maximum swivel angle and the maximum displacement can be determined starting from a zero position of the table top in a structurally simple manner.

Die nachfolgende Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung dient im Zusammenhang mit der Zeichnung der näheren Erläuterung. Es zeigen:

Figur 1:
eine teilweise aufgetrennte Seitenansicht eines erfindungsge- mäßen Operationstisches mit einer Tischplatte und einer Trag- säule;
Figur 2:
eine Detailansicht eines Säulenkopfes der Tragsäule aus Figur 1;
Figur 3:
eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Kardangelenkes des Säulenkopfes aus Figur 2;
Figur 4:
eine vereinfachte Darstellung des Kardangelenkes aus Figur 3 mit Sensoren eines Kraftmesssystems gemäß einer ersten Ausfüh- rungsform und
Figur 5:
eine teilweise aufgetrennte vereinfachte Seitenansicht des Kardangelenkes aus Figur 3 mit Sensoren eines Kraftmess- systems gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform.
The following description of preferred embodiments of the invention is used in conjunction with the drawings for further explanation. Show it:
FIG. 1:
a partially separated side view of an inventive operating table with a table top and a support column;
FIG. 2:
a detailed view of a column head of the support column FIG. 1 ;
FIG. 3:
a perspective view of a universal joint of the column head FIG. 2 ;
FIG. 4:
a simplified representation of the universal joint FIG. 3 with sensors of a force measuring system according to a first embodiment and
FIG. 5:
a partially separated simplified side view of the universal joint FIG. 3 with sensors of a force measuring system according to a second embodiment.

In Figur 1 ist schematisch ein erfindungsgemäßer Operationstisch 10 dargestellt, der eine in ihrer Höhe verstellbare Tragsäule 12 aufweist, auf der eine Tischplatte 14 lösbar gehalten ist. Die Tischplatte 14 ist mehrteilig ausgestaltet, sie umfasst ein an der Tragsäule 12 gelagertes Basissegment 15, an dem einerseits ein Beinsegment 16 und andererseits ein Rückensegment 17 jeweils um eine horizontale Verschwenkachse verschwenkbar gehalten sind. Am Rückensegment 17 ist ein Kopfsegment 18 verschwenkbar gehalten. Alternativ könnte die Tischplatte 14 selbstverständlich auch einteilig ausgestaltet sein.In FIG. 1 schematically an inventive operating table 10 is shown, which has a height-adjustable support column 12, on which a Table top 14 is releasably held. The table top 14 is designed in several parts, it comprises a support column 12 mounted on the base segment 15, on the one hand, a leg segment 16 and on the other hand, a back segment 17 are each pivotally supported about a horizontal pivot axis. At the back segment 17, a head segment 18 is held pivotably. Alternatively, the table top 14 could of course also be designed in one piece.

Die Tragsäule 12 umfasst eine Grundplatte 20, an der ein Säulenschaft 21 festgelegt ist, der oberseitig einen Säulenkopf 22 trägt. Der Säulenkopf 22 ist in Figur 2 schematisch dargestellt. Am Säulenkopf 22 ist das Basissegment 15 der Tischplatte 14 lösbar gehalten.The support column 12 comprises a base plate 20, on which a column shaft 21 is fixed, which carries a column head 22 on the upper side. The column head 22 is in FIG. 2 shown schematically. At the column head 22, the base segment 15 of the table top 14 is releasably held.

Wie insbesondere aus Figur 2 deutlich wird, umfasst der Säulenkopf 22 eine Kopfplatte 24, an der unterseitig drei Kardangelenke 27, 28 und 29 angeordnet sind. Die Kardangelenke 27, 28 und 29 sind jeweils am freien Ende einer Spindel 31, 32 bzw. 33 gehalten, die mittels eines an sich bekannten und deshalb in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten Antriebselementes in ihrer Höhe verstellbar ist. Die Antriebselemente sind in den Säulenschaft 21 integriert und an einer Stützplatte 35 des Säulenschaftes 21 fixiert. Durch Anheben der Spindeln 31, 32 und 33 kann die Kopfplatte 24 relativ zur Stützplatte 35 angehoben werden. Werden die Spindeln 31, 32 und 33 in gleichem Ausmaß angehoben, so wird die Tischplatte 14 bei gleich bleibender Ausrichtung lediglich in ihrer Höhe verstellt. Werden die Spindeln 31, 32 und 33 jedoch ungleichmäßig angehoben, so führt die Kopfplatte 24 und die an ihr gehaltene Tischplatte 14 eine Schwenkbewegung aus, wobei die Tischplatte 14 wahlweise um eine parallel zur Tischplattenlängsachse und um eine senkrecht zur Tischplattenlängsachse ausgerichtete Schwenkachse verschwenkt werden kann.As in particular from FIG. 2 becomes clear, the column head 22 comprises a top plate 24, on the underside of three universal joints 27, 28 and 29 are arranged. The cardan joints 27, 28 and 29 are respectively held at the free end of a spindle 31, 32 and 33, which is adjustable in height by means of a known per se and therefore not shown in the drawing drive element. The drive elements are integrated in the column shaft 21 and fixed to a support plate 35 of the column shaft 21. By raising the spindles 31, 32 and 33, the top plate 24 can be raised relative to the support plate 35. If the spindles 31, 32 and 33 are raised to the same extent, then the table top 14 is only adjusted in height while the orientation remains the same. However, if the spindles 31, 32 and 33 are raised non-uniformly, the head plate 24 and the table top 14 held on it perform a pivotal movement, wherein the table top 14 can optionally be pivoted about a parallel to the table top longitudinal axis and about an axis perpendicular to the table top axis pivot axis.

In der Figur 2 zur Erzielung einer besseren Übersicht nicht dargestellt ist eine zusätzliche Verdrehsicherung der Kopfplatte relativ zur Stützplatte 35. Derartige Verdrehsicherungen sind dem Fachmann bekannt und bedürfen daher vorliegend keiner näheren Erläuterung.In the FIG. 2 to obtain a better overview is not shown an additional rotation of the top plate relative to the support plate 35. Such anti-rotation are known in the art and therefore require no further explanation.

Die Kardangelenke 27, 28 und 29 sind identisch ausgestaltet. Sie weisen jeweils einen ersten Gelenkbolzen 37 auf, der um eine senkrecht zur Tischplattenlängsachse ausgerichtete Verschwenkachse in einem U-förmigen ersten Lagerbock 38 verschwenkbar gelagert ist. Der erste Lagerbock 38 ist am freien Ende der jeweiligen Spindel 31, 32 bzw. 33 festgelegt. Zusätzlich weisen die Kardangelenke 27, 28 und 29 jeweils einen zweiten Gelenkbolzen 40 auf, der auf dem ersten Gelenkbolzen 37 aufsitzt und in einem zweiten Lagerbock 41, der ebenfalls U-förmig ausgebildet ist, um eine parallel zur Tischplattenlängsachse ausgerichtete Schwenkachse verschwenkbar gelagert ist. Der zweite Lagerbock 41 ist an der Unterseite der Kopfplatte 24 festgelegt.The cardan joints 27, 28 and 29 are designed identically. They each have a first hinge pin 37, which is mounted pivotably about a pivot axis aligned perpendicular to the table top longitudinal axis in a U-shaped first bearing block 38. The first bearing block 38 is fixed at the free end of the respective spindle 31, 32 and 33, respectively. In addition, the universal joints 27, 28 and 29 each have a second hinge pin 40 which rests on the first hinge pin 37 and in a second bearing block 41, which is also U-shaped, about a parallel to the table top longitudinal axis aligned pivot axis is pivotally mounted. The second bracket 41 is fixed to the underside of the top plate 24.

Die Kardangelenke 27, 28 und 29 bilden jeweils ein Stützelement aus, über das die Tischplatte 14 an der Tragsäule 12 gehalten ist. Um die auf die Kardangelenke 27, 28 und 29 jeweils einwirkende mechanische Last zu erfassen, sind in die Kardangelenke 27, 28 und 29 Sensoren integriert, die in Kombination mit einer im Säulenschaft 21, vorzugsweise zwischen der Kopfplatte 24 und der Stützplatte 35, angeordneten Messelektronik ein Kraftmesssystem ausbilden, mit dem das Gewicht eines auf der Tischplatte 14 befindlichen Patienten bestimmt werden kann.The cardan joints 27, 28 and 29 each form a support element, via which the table top 14 is held on the support column 12. In order to detect the mechanical load acting on the cardan joints 27, 28 and 29, integrated into the cardan joints 27, 28 and 29 sensors, in combination with a in the column shaft 21, preferably between the top plate 24 and the support plate 35, arranged measuring electronics form a force measuring system with which the weight of a patient located on the table top 14 can be determined.

In der in Figur 4 dargestellten Ausführungsform sind jedem Kardangelenk 27, 28 und 29 vier Sensoren in Form von Dehnungsmessstreifen zugeordnet, wobei in Figur 4 nur zwei Dehnungsmessstreifen 43, 44 sichtbar sind. Jeweils zwei Dehnungsmessstreifen sind parallel zueinander am ersten Gelenkbolzen 37 jedes Kardangelenkes 27, 28 und 29 mittels einer Klebeverbindung fixiert, wobei der zweite Gelenkbolzen 40 zwischen den beiden Dehnungsmessstreifenpaaren positioniert ist. Der erste Gelenkbolzen 37 trägt somit insgesamt vier Dehnungsmessstreifen, die elektrisch in üblicher Weise in Form einer Wheatstone'schen Messbrücke zusammengeschaltet sind. Mittels der Dehnungsmessstreifen 43, 44 kann die auf den ersten Gelenkbolzen 37 einwirkende mechanische Last bestimmt werden. Da jedem Kardangelenk 27, 28 und 29 entsprechende Dehnungsmessstreifen zugeordnet sind, kann somit zum einen die Gesamtlast, die über die Kardangelenke 27, 28 und 29 auf den Säulenschaft 21 einwirkt, bestimmt werden, und darüber hinaus kann die Lastverteilung erfasst werden. Die einwirkende Last ergibt sich aus dem Gewicht der Tischplatte 14 und der Kopfplatte 24 sowie aus dem Gewicht des auf der Tischplatte 14 befindlichen Patienten. Somit kann das Patientengewicht aus der Gesamtlast ermittelt werden.In the in FIG. 4 illustrated embodiment, each cardan joint 27, 28 and 29 associated with four sensors in the form of strain gauges, wherein in FIG. 4 only two strain gauges 43, 44 are visible. Two strain gauges are parallel to each other on the first hinge pin 37 of each universal joint 27, 28 and 29 fixed by means of an adhesive bond, wherein the second hinge pin 40 is positioned between the two strain gauge pairs. The first hinge pin 37 thus carries a total of four strain gauges, which are connected together in a conventional manner in the form of a Wheatstone bridge bridge. By means of the strain gauges 43, 44, the mechanical load acting on the first hinge pin 37 can be determined. Since each universal joint 27, 28 and 29 corresponding strain gauges are assigned, thus, on the one hand, the total load, which acts on the cardan shaft 21 via the cardan joints 27, 28 and 29, can be determined, and beyond the load distribution can be detected. The acting load results from the weight of the table top 14 and the head plate 24 and from the weight of the patient located on the table top 14. Thus, the patient weight can be determined from the total load.

Die Dehnungsmessstreifen 43, 44, die jeweils einem ersten Gelenkbolzen 37 zugeordnet sind, sind über Anschlussdrähte, die in der Zeichnung zur Erzielung einer besseren Übersicht nicht dargestellt sind, mit einem im Innern des als Hohlwelle ausgebildeten ersten Gelenkbolzens 37 angeordneten Signalverarbeitungsglied verbunden. Von diesem Signalverarbeitungsglied führt ein Anschlusskabel 46 zu der bereits erwähnten zentralen Messelektronik, die beispielsweise im Säulenschaft 21 angeordnet ist. Basierend auf den Signalen der Signalverarbeitungsglieder der Kardangelenke 27, 28 und 29 wird von der Messelektronik ein Ausgangssignal bereitgestellt in Abhängigkeit von der auf die Kardangelenke 27, 28 und 29 einwirkenden mechanischen Last. In Abhängigkeit von diesem Ausgangssignal wird von einer zentralen Steuereinheit des Operationstisches 10 der maximale Schwenkwinkel, um den die Tischplatte 14 verschwenkt werden kann, ebenso bestimmt wie der maximale Verschiebeweg, um den die Tischplatte 14 relativ zur Tragsäule 12 in Tischplattenlängsrichtung oder auch quer zur Tischplattenlängsrichtung verschoben werden kann. Maximaler Verschwenkwinkel und maximaler Verschiebeweg der Tischplatte 14 sind somit in Abhängigkeit vom Gewicht des Patienten bestimmbar. Je größer das Patientengewicht, desto geringer werden der maximale Schwenkwinkel und der maximale Verschiebeweg gewählt, um in jedem Fall eine optimale Stabilität des Operationstisches 10 zu gewährleisten.The strain gauges 43, 44, which are each associated with a first hinge pin 37, are connected via connecting wires, which are not shown in the drawing to achieve a better overview, with a arranged in the interior of the form of a hollow shaft first hinge pin 37 signal processing member. From this signal processing element leads a connection cable 46 to the already mentioned central measuring electronics, which is arranged for example in the column shaft 21. Based on the signals from the signal processing members of the cardan joints 27, 28 and 29, an output signal is provided by the meter electronics in response to the mechanical load applied to the cardan joints 27, 28 and 29. In response to this output signal from a central control unit of the operating table 10, the maximum pivot angle by which the table top 14 can be pivoted, also determined as the maximum displacement to which the table top 14 relative to the support column 12 in the tabletop longitudinal direction or can be moved transversely to the tabletop longitudinal direction. Maximum pivot angle and maximum displacement of the table top 14 are thus determined depending on the weight of the patient. The greater the patient weight, the lower the maximum pivot angle and the maximum displacement are chosen to ensure optimal stability of the operating table 10 in each case.

In Figur 5 ist eine zweite Ausführungsform eines Kraftmesssystems dargestellt, das beim Operationstisch 10 zum Einsatz kommen kann. Auch bei dieser Ausgestaltung ist der erste Gelenkbolzen 37 der Kardangelenke 27, 28 und 29 jeweils als Hohlwelle ausgebildet, die in ihrem Inneren ein Signalverarbeitungsglied 49 trägt, von dem ein Anschlusskabel 50 nach außen führt. Über das Anschlusskabel 50 ist das Signalverarbeitungsglied 49 mit der zentralen Messelektronik des Operationstisches 10, die beispielsweise im Säulenschaft 21 angeordnet ist, verbunden. Bei der in Figur 5 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist der erste Gelenkbolzen 37 der Kardangelenke 27, 28 und 29 aus einem ferromagnetischen Material gefertigt, vorzugsweise kommt ein industrieller Stahl zum Einsatz, der zwischen 1,5 % und 8 % Nickel enthält. Der erste Gelenkbolzen 37 weist zu beiden Seiten des zweiten Gelenkbolzens 40 jeweils eine magnetische Kodierung auf, d. h. zu beiden Seiten des zweiten Gelenkbolzens 40 wurde der ferromagnetische erste Gelenkbolzen 37 magnetisch kodiert, indem ihm eine magnetische Struktur eingeprägt wurde durch Anlegen eines sehr starken äußeren Magnetfeldes. Diese magnetische Struktur behält der erste Gelenkbolzen 37 dauerhaft bei. Im Bereich der magnetischen Kodierung sind innerhalb des ersten Gelenkbolzens 37 zu beiden Seiten des zweiten Gelenkbolzens 40 jeweils vier magnetfeldempfindliche Sensoren in Form von Spulen angeordnet, die jeweils mit dem Signalverarbeitungsglied 49 verbunden sind. In Figur 5 sind zur Erzielung einer besseren Übersicht zu beiden Seiten des zweiten Gelenkbolzens 40 jeweils drei Spulen 53, 54 und 55 dargestellt. Wirkt auf den magnetisch kodierten ersten Gelenkbolzen 37 eine mechanische Last, so führt dies zu einer Änderung des von den Spulen 53, 54 und 55 erfassbaren Magnetfeldes. Die Magnetfeldänderung wird in Form eines elektrischen Signals über das Anschlusskabel 50 an die zentrale Messelektronik übertragen. Diese ermittelt aus den auf die einzelnen Kardangelenke 27, 28 und 29 einwirkenden Lasten das Gewicht des auf der Tischplatte 14 befindlichen Patienten sowie die Lastverteilung.In FIG. 5 a second embodiment of a force measuring system is shown, which can be used at the operating table 10. Also in this embodiment, the first hinge pin 37 of the universal joints 27, 28 and 29 are each formed as a hollow shaft, which carries in its interior a signal processing member 49 from which a connection cable 50 leads to the outside. About the connecting cable 50, the signal processing member 49 is connected to the central measuring electronics of the operating table 10, which is arranged for example in the column shaft 21. At the in FIG. 5 1, the first hinge pin 37 of the cardan joints 27, 28 and 29 is made of a ferromagnetic material, preferably an industrial steel is used, which contains between 1.5% and 8% nickel. The first hinge pin 37 has on both sides of the second hinge pin 40 each have a magnetic coding, ie on both sides of the second hinge pin 40, the ferromagnetic first hinge pin 37 was magnetically encoded by him a magnetic structure was impressed by applying a very strong external magnetic field. This magnetic structure keeps the first hinge pin 37 permanently. In the area of the magnetic coding, in each case four magnetic-field-sensitive sensors are arranged in the form of coils within the first hinge pin 37 on both sides of the second hinge pin 40, which are each connected to the signal processing element 49. In FIG. 5 are to achieve a better overview on both sides of the second hinge pin 40 each have three coils 53, 54 and 55th shown. Acts on the magnetically coded first hinge pin 37, a mechanical load, this leads to a change in the detectable by the coils 53, 54 and 55 magnetic field. The magnetic field change is transmitted in the form of an electrical signal via the connecting cable 50 to the central measuring electronics. This determines from the loads acting on the individual universal joints 27, 28 and 29 the weight of the patient located on the table top 14 and the load distribution.

Bei der in Figur 5 dargestellten Ausführungsform wird die mechanische Last berührungslos mit sehr hoher Messgenauigkeit erfasst. Durch den Einsatz von Hohlwellen für den ersten Gelenkbolzen 37 erfordert das Kraftmesssystem keinen zusätzlichen Bauraum und eignet sich daher auch zur Nachrüstung bestehender Operationstische. Wie bereits bei dem unter Bezugnahme auf Figur 4 dargestellten Kraftmesssystem kann auch mittels der in Figur 5 dargestellten Ausgestaltung nicht nur das Patientengewicht bestimmt werden, sondern zusätzlich können in Abhängigkeit vom Patientengewicht ein maximaler Verschwenkwinkel und ein maximaler Verschiebeweg, ausgehend von der in Figur 1 dargestellten Nullstellung der Tischplatte 14, bestimmt werden.At the in FIG. 5 illustrated embodiment, the mechanical load is detected without contact with very high accuracy. Through the use of hollow shafts for the first hinge pin 37, the force measuring system requires no additional space and is therefore also suitable for retrofitting existing operating tables. As with the reference to FIG. 4 shown force measuring system can also by means of in FIG. 5 not only the patient's weight can be determined, but in addition, depending on the patient's weight, a maximum pivoting angle and a maximum displacement, starting from the in FIG. 1 shown zero position of the table top 14, to be determined.

Claims (21)

  1. Operating table having a support column (12), a table panel (14) which is mounted on the support column (12) and is pivotable and/or displaceable, and a force measurement system for determining the weight of the table panel (14) and of a patient on the table panel (14), characterized in that the maximum pivot angle and/or the maximum displacement relative to a neutral position of the table panel (14) can be controlled in dependence on an output signal of the force measurement system.
  2. Operating table according to Claim 1, characterized in that the location of the center of gravity of the table panel with the patient thereon can be determined by means of the force measurement system.
  3. Operating table according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the force measurement system has a plurality of sensors (43, 44; 53, 54, 55) arranged at a spacing from one another, which are connected to central measuring electronics.
  4. Operating table according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the table panel (14) is releasably connectable to the support column (12).
  5. Operating table according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the force measurement system is incorporated into the support column (12).
  6. Operating table according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support column (12) has a pivotable column head (22), into which at least one sensor (43, 44; 53, 54, 55) of the force measurement system is incorporated.
  7. Operating table according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the table panel (14) is mounted by way of a plurality of supporting elements (27, 28, 29) on a support plate (35) of the support column (12), the load acting on each supporting element (27, 28, 29) being detectable by means of at least one sensor (43, 44; 53, 54, 55) of the force measurement system.
  8. Operating table according to Claim 7, characterized in that the sensors (43, 44; 53, 54, 55) are incorporated into the supporting elements (27, 28, 29).
  9. Operating table according to Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the supporting elements are each formed as a cardan joint (27, 28, 29) having two pivot bolts (37, 40), which are pivotably mounted about pivot axes aligned respectively parallel to or at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the table panel, the load acting on at least one of the pivot bolts (37) being ascertainable by means of at least one sensor (43, 44; 53, 54, 55).
  10. Operating table according to Claim 9, characterized in that a plurality of sensors (43, 44; 53, 54, 55) is assigned to each cardan joint (27, 28, 29).
  11. Operating table according to Claim 9 or 10, characterized in that at least four sensors (43, 44; 53, 54, 55) are assigned to each cardan joint (27, 28, 29).
  12. Operating table according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the force measurement system has sensors (43, 44) for detecting a change in electrical resistance.
  13. Operating table according to Claim 12, characterized in that at least one sensor is provided in the form of a strain gauge (43, 44).
  14. Operating table according to Claim 13, characterized in that each two strain gauges are aligned parallel to one another.
  15. Operating table according to Claim 13 or 14, characterized in that every four strain gauges are assembled into a Wheatstone bridge circuit.
  16. Operating table according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the force measurement system has sensors (53, 54, 55) which are sensitive to magnetic fields, for detecting a change in a magnetic field.
  17. Operating table according to Claim 16, characterized in that at least one sensor which is sensitive to magnetic fields is provided in the form of a coil (53, 54, 55).
  18. Operating table according to Claim 16 or 17, characterized in that a magnetically coded ferromagnetic material is associated with the at least one sensor (53, 54, 55) which is sensitive to magnetic fields, and the material is mechanically loadable by the weight of the table panel (14) with the patient thereon.
  19. Operating table according to Claim 18, characterized in that the ferromagnetic material is formed as a hollow shaft (37) and the associated sensors (53, 54, 55) which are sensitive to magnetic fields are located within the hollow shaft (37).
  20. Operating table according to Claim 19, characterized in that a signal processing element (49) is located in the hollow shaft (37), and the sensors (53, 54, 55) which are sensitive to magnetic fields and are located in the hollow shaft (37) are connected to the signal processing element.
  21. Operating table according to Claim 18, 19 or 20, characterized in that the ferromagnetic material forms a magnetically coded pivot bolt (37) of a cardan joint (27; 28; 29).
EP07015262A 2007-08-03 2007-08-03 Operating table Active EP2020217B1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07015262A EP2020217B1 (en) 2007-08-03 2007-08-03 Operating table
DE502007007063T DE502007007063D1 (en) 2007-08-03 2007-08-03 operating table
JP2008185748A JP5688873B2 (en) 2007-08-03 2008-07-17 Operating table
US12/183,309 US7784126B2 (en) 2007-08-03 2008-07-31 Operating table
CN2008101450217A CN101357096B (en) 2007-08-03 2008-08-01 Operating table
EP08013830A EP2020218B1 (en) 2007-08-03 2008-08-01 Method for aligning coupling elements of a patient suspension system and patient suspension system for implementing the method
HK09103560.5A HK1125285A1 (en) 2007-08-03 2009-04-17 Operating table

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07015262A EP2020217B1 (en) 2007-08-03 2007-08-03 Operating table

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EP2020217A1 EP2020217A1 (en) 2009-02-04
EP2020217B1 true EP2020217B1 (en) 2011-04-27

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EP07015262A Active EP2020217B1 (en) 2007-08-03 2007-08-03 Operating table
EP08013830A Active EP2020218B1 (en) 2007-08-03 2008-08-01 Method for aligning coupling elements of a patient suspension system and patient suspension system for implementing the method

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EP (2) EP2020217B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5688873B2 (en)
CN (1) CN101357096B (en)
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HK (1) HK1125285A1 (en)

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CN101357096B (en) 2012-07-04
EP2020217A1 (en) 2009-02-04
DE502007007063D1 (en) 2011-06-09
US20090031497A1 (en) 2009-02-05
JP5688873B2 (en) 2015-03-25
US7784126B2 (en) 2010-08-31
CN101357096A (en) 2009-02-04
HK1125285A1 (en) 2009-08-07
EP2020218A1 (en) 2009-02-04
JP2009034501A (en) 2009-02-19
EP2020218B1 (en) 2012-05-02

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