EP2014985A2 - Method of adjusting the air/fuel ratio for a gas fired burner - Google Patents
Method of adjusting the air/fuel ratio for a gas fired burner Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2014985A2 EP2014985A2 EP08012196A EP08012196A EP2014985A2 EP 2014985 A2 EP2014985 A2 EP 2014985A2 EP 08012196 A EP08012196 A EP 08012196A EP 08012196 A EP08012196 A EP 08012196A EP 2014985 A2 EP2014985 A2 EP 2014985A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel gas
- signal
- ionization electrode
- air
- gradient
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 206010006895 Cachexia Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000026500 emaciation Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
- F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
- F23N5/123—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods using electronic means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for fuel gas-air adjustment for a fuel gas burner.
- the fuel gas to air ratio of a fuel gas burner can be adjusted by measuring the ionization voltage or the ionization current at a monitoring electrode.
- the EP 770 824 B1 describes a method in which, starting from a superstoichiometric burner operation, the excess air is reduced until there is a slight substoichiometric combustion.
- the ionization voltage is measured between an ionization electrode and the burner.
- ⁇ 1.0
- the ionization voltage is maximal. Consequently, the ionization voltage, starting from superstoichiometric combustion, initially increases in the reduction of the excess air to reach a maximum under stoichiometric combustion.
- Embodiments of this control method are also known from DE 40 27 090 C2 .
- DE 20 2004 017 850 U1 shows a gas burner, in which by means of a thermocouple, the flame temperature is measured.
- the temperature behaves analogous to the ionization according to EP 770 824 B1 ,
- the mixture is enriched and the flame temperature is measured. If a maximum is measured, then the mixture is defined as emaciated.
- a disadvantage of such a method is that always a stoichiometric or slightly substoichiometric combustion must be started. This results in substantial amounts of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide emissions.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method for controlling the fuel gas-air mixture in gas-powered burners by Ionisationsstromunk, which avoids polluting combustion conditions.
- the object is achieved in that during the operation of the burner, the fuel gas-air mixture is emaciated and in this case the ionization signal is measured continuously. From the ionization signal a gradient is formed during the change. If the gradient exceeds a certain gradient or if the gradient rises disproportionately in comparison with the previous course, then the emaciation is ended and the fuel gas-air mixture is enriched in a defined manner.
- the measurement signal is highly dependent on deposits on the electrode as well as the position of the electrode. Therefore, it is not appropriate to use exceeding or falling below a certain absolute value as a relevant event.
- the sharp increase in the gradient is a sure sign that the flame will soon lift off as the proportion of air increases further.
- the gradient can be determined by dividing the difference signal of the ionization electrode with the differential speed of the fan motor.
- a division of the difference signal of the ionization with the difference position of the actuator of a gas valve or a differential time unit can be done.
- the signal of the ionization electrode can be detected by serially connecting a constant voltage source to the flame of the burner and a resistor, and measuring the voltage drop across the resistor.
- FIG. 1 shows a burner 1 with blower 8 with blower motor 9 in an air inlet 12.
- air inlet 12 opens a gas line 13, in which a gas valve 10 with actuator 11 is located.
- the blower motor 9 and the actuator 11 are connected to a controller 7.
- the burner 1 is a flame 2, in which an ionization electrode 3 protrudes.
- the ionization electrode 3 is connected to a voltage source 4. This is connected to its second electrode with a resistor 5, which in turn is connected to the burner 1. Parallel to the resistor 5, a voltmeter 6 is connected, which is connected to the controller 7.
- the fan 8 sucks in combustion air via the air inlet 12.
- the speed n of the fan 8 can be adjusted continuously.
- the gas valve 10 the amount of fuel gas supplied, which flows in via the gas line 13, can be changed continuously; In this case, the number of steps n s of the actuator 11 is detected.
- fuel gas and air are mixed with each other and ignited at the outlet of the burner 1, so that a flame 2 is formed. Since the ions of the flame 2 are electrically conductive, a current can flow between the ionization electrode 3 and the burner 1. It follows that an electrical voltage U Flame is applied. The flow of ions through the flame 2 ensures that the electrical circuit (burner 1, ionization electrode 3, voltage source 4, resistor 5) is closed.
- FIG. 2 shows the course of the measured at the resistor 5 voltage U on the air ratio ⁇ and the fan speed n.
- the burner 1 first runs with a previously unknown excess of air.
- the speed n of the blower 8 is increased.
- the air ratio ⁇ increases.
- the voltage drop U across the resistor 5 is measured continuously over the time t and passed on to the controller 7.
- the gradient ⁇ U / ⁇ n is calculated, where n is the speed of the fan 8. If the gradient ⁇ U / ⁇ n increases excessively after a certain point, this is an indication that soon the flame will lift off and thus break off.
- the air ratio ⁇ is then about 1.6. Starting from this point, the rotational speed n of the fan is now deliberately reduced in such a way that an air ratio ⁇ 1.25 is established.
- a gradient of differential voltage .DELTA.U to the differential setting position of the actuator .DELTA.n S can also be formed if a reduction of the fuel gas quantity is undertaken instead of an increase in the fan speed.
- a gradient of the time can also be formed with constant emaciation ( ⁇ U ⁇ ).
- the operating state where liftoff is imminent may be determined by comparing the current gradient to at least one previous gradient, and in the event the current gradient exceeds the compare value (s) by a certain percentage, the expected state is present. For example, the lowest measured gradient can be used as comparison value. Alternatively, an absolute value can be specified.
- the time difference or speed difference In order to eliminate the influence of signal noise (fluctuation of the measuring signal by a trend line), the time difference or speed difference must not be selected too small.
- the voltage of the flame U flame can also be measured directly. In this case, however, the ionization voltage at stoichiometric combustion is maximum and the ionization voltage signal drops as the air ratio is increased.
- a constant voltage U 0 and a constant current source with a constant current I 0 can be connected to the series circuit of the resistor 5 with the flame. 2 Depending on the flame resistance, a certain voltage sets.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Brenngas-Luft-Einstellung für einen brenngasbetriebenen Brenner.The invention relates to a method for fuel gas-air adjustment for a fuel gas burner.
Aus dem Stand der Technik ist bekannt, dass das Brenngas-Luft-Verhältnis eines brenngasbetriebenen Brenners mittels Messung der Ionisationsspannung oder des Ionisationsstrom an einer Überwachungselektrode eingestellt werden kann. Die
Ausgestaltungen dieses Regelverfahrens sind ebenfalls aus der
Nachteilig bei einem derartigen Verfahren ist, dass stets eine stöchiometrische bzw. geringfügig unterstöchiometrische Verbrennung angefahren werden muss. Hierbei entstehen im wesentlichen Maße Kohlenmonoxyd- und Stickoxydemissionen.A disadvantage of such a method is that always a stoichiometric or slightly substoichiometric combustion must be started. This results in substantial amounts of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide emissions.
Aus
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Regelung des Brenngas-LuftGemisches bei brenngasbetriebenen Brennern mittels Ionisationsstrommessung zu schaffen, welches umweltbelastende Verbrennungszustände vermeidet.The invention has for its object to provide a method for controlling the fuel gas-air mixture in gas-powered burners by Ionisationsstrommessung, which avoids polluting combustion conditions.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass während des Betriebs des Brenners das Brenngas-Luft-Gemisch abgemagert wird und hierbei das Ionisationssignal kontinuierlich gemessen wird. Aus dem Ionisationssignal wird bei der Veränderung ein Gradient gebildet. Überschreitet der Gradient einen bestimmten Gradienten bzw. steigt der Gradient im Vergleich zum bisherigen Verlauf überproportional an, so wird die Abmagerung beendet und das Brenngas-Luft-Gemisch definiert angefettet.The object is achieved in that during the operation of the burner, the fuel gas-air mixture is emaciated and in this case the ionization signal is measured continuously. From the ionization signal a gradient is formed during the change. If the gradient exceeds a certain gradient or if the gradient rises disproportionately in comparison with the previous course, then the emaciation is ended and the fuel gas-air mixture is enriched in a defined manner.
Das Messsignal ist stark von Ablagerungen an der Elektrode sowie der Position der Elektrode abhängig. Daher ist es nicht zielführend, das Über- oder Unterschreiten eines bestimmten Absolutwertes als relevantes Ereignis zu verwenden. Der starke Anstieg des Gradienten hingegen ist ein sicheres Indiz für das baldige Abheben der Flamme bei weiterem Anstieg des Luftanteils.The measurement signal is highly dependent on deposits on the electrode as well as the position of the electrode. Therefore, it is not appropriate to use exceeding or falling below a certain absolute value as a relevant event. The sharp increase in the gradient, on the other hand, is a sure sign that the flame will soon lift off as the proportion of air increases further.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich gemäß den Merkmalen der abhängigen Ansprüche. So kann der Gradient durch die Division des Differenzsignals der Ionisationselektrode mit der Differenzdrehzahl des Gebläsemotors ermittelt werden. Alternativ hierzu kann eine Division des Differenzsignals der Ionisationselektrode mit der Differenzstellposition des Stellantriebs eines Gasventils oder einer Differenzzeiteinheit erfolgen.Advantageous embodiments will become apparent according to the features of the dependent claims. Thus, the gradient can be determined by dividing the difference signal of the ionization electrode with the differential speed of the fan motor. Alternatively, a division of the difference signal of the ionization with the difference position of the actuator of a gas valve or a differential time unit can be done.
Das Signal der Ionisationselektrode kann dadurch ermittelt werden, dass eine Konstantspannungsquelle mit der Flamme des Brenners und einem Widerstand seriell verschaltet ist und der Spannungsabfall am Widerstand gemessen wird.The signal of the ionization electrode can be detected by serially connecting a constant voltage source to the flame of the burner and a resistor, and measuring the voltage drop across the resistor.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand der Figuren detailliert erläutert. Hierbei zeigen
-
Figur 1 einen Aufbau zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und -
Figur 2 den Verlauf des Ionisationssignals beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren.
-
FIG. 1 a structure for carrying out the method according to the invention and -
FIG. 2 the course of the ionization signal in the inventive method.
Beim Betrieb des Brenners saugt das Gebläse 8 über den Lufteintritt 12 Verbrennungsluft an. Die Drehzahl n des Gebläses 8 kann hierbei kontinuierlich verstellt werden. Über das Gasventil 10 kann die zugeführte Brenngasmenge, welche über die Gasleitung 13 einströmt, kontinuierlich verändert werden; hierbei wird die Schrittzahl ns des Stellantriebs 11 erfasst. Im Gebläse 8 werden Brenngas und Luft miteinander vermischt und am Austritt des Brenners 1 gezündet, so dass sich eine Flamme 2 bildet. Da die Ionen der Flamme 2 elektrisch leitend sind, kann zwischen der Ionisationselektrode 3 und dem Brenner 1 ein Strom fließen. Hieraus folgt, dass eine elektrische Spannung UFlamme anliegt. Der Ionenfluss durch die Flamme 2 sorgt dafür, dass der elektrische Kreislauf (Brenner 1, Ionisationselektrode 3, Spannungsquelle 4, Widerstand 5) geschlossen ist.
Es ist zu erkennen, dass die am Widerstand 5 gemessene Spannung U bei stöchiometrischer Verbrennung (λ = 1,0) minimal ist. Mit Erhöhen des Luftüberschusses steigt die Spannung U kontinuierlich an. Bei einer Luftzahl von etwa 1,6 steigt die Spannung U deutlich stärker als bisher an. Bei einem Luftüberschuss von etwa λ = 1,7 hebt die Flamme ab. Es kann kein Ionisationssignal mehr gemessen werden; ein nicht dargestelltes Sicherheitsventil verriegelt die Brenngaszufuhr.It can be seen that the voltage U measured at the
Beim erfindungsgemäßen Regelverfahren läuft zunächst der Brenner 1 mit einem bisher nicht bekannten Luftüberschuss. Bei konstant geöffnetem Gasventil 10 wird die Drehzahl n des Gebläses 8 erhöht. Hierdurch steigt die Luftzahl λ an. Der Spannungsabfall U am Widerstand 5 wird kontinuierlich über der Zeit t gemessen und an die Regelung 7 weitergegeben. In der Regelung 7 wird der Gradient ΔU/Δn berechnet, wobei n die Drehzahl des Gebläses 8 ist. Steigt der Gradient ΔU/Δn ab einem bestimmten Punkt übermäßig an, so ist dies ein Indiz dafür, dass demnächst die Flamme abhebt und somit abreißt. Die Luftzahl λ beträgt dann etwa 1,6. Ausgehend von diesem Punkt wird nun die Drehzahl n des Gebläses gezielt derartig reduziert, dass sich eine Luftzahl λ ≈ 1,25) einstellt. Alternativ zur Gradientenermittlung mittels Quotient aus Differenzsignal zur Differenzdrehzahl ΔU/Δn kann auch ein Gradient aus Differenzspannung ΔU zu Differenzstellposition des Stellantriebs ΔnS gebildet werden, wenn anstelle einer Erhöhung der Gebläsedrehzahl eine Reduzierung der Brenngasmenge vorgenommen wird. Als weitere Variante kann bei konstanter Abmagerung auch ein Gradient aus der Zeit gebildet werden (ΔU̇).In the control method according to the invention, the burner 1 first runs with a previously unknown excess of air. At constantly open
Der Betriebszustand, bei dem ein Abheben bevorsteht kann dadurch bestimmt werden, dass der aktuelle Gradient mit mindestens einem früheren Gradienten verglichen wird und in dem Fall, dass der aktuelle Gradient den oder die Vergleichswerte um einen bestimmten Prozentsatz überschreitet, der erwartete Zustand vorliegt. Als Vergleichswert kann zum Beispiel der geringste gemessene Gradient verwendet werden. Alternativ kann ein Absolutwert vorgegeben werden.The operating state where liftoff is imminent may be determined by comparing the current gradient to at least one previous gradient, and in the event the current gradient exceeds the compare value (s) by a certain percentage, the expected state is present. For example, the lowest measured gradient can be used as comparison value. Alternatively, an absolute value can be specified.
Um den Einfluss von Signalrauschen (Schwanken des Messsignals um eine Trendlinie) zu eliminieren, darf die Zeitdifferenz beziehungsweise Drehzahldifferenz nicht zu klein gewählt werden.In order to eliminate the influence of signal noise (fluctuation of the measuring signal by a trend line), the time difference or speed difference must not be selected too small.
Anstelle des Spannungsabfalls U am Widerstand 5 kann auch direkt die Spannung der Flamme UFlamme gemessen werden. In diesem Fall ist jedoch die Ionisationsspannung bei stöchiometrischer Verbrennung maximal und das Ionisationsspannungssignal fällt bei Erhöhung der Luftzahl ab.Instead of the voltage drop U at the
Anstelle einer konstanten Spannung U0 kann auch eine Konstantstromquelle mit einem konstanten Strom I0 an die Serienschaltung des Widerstandes 5 mit der Flamme 2 geschaltet werden. In Abhängigkeit des Flammenwiderstandes stellt sich eine bestimmte Spannung ein.Instead of a constant voltage U 0 and a constant current source with a constant current I 0 can be connected to the series circuit of the
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
HRP20170996TT HRP20170996T1 (en) | 2007-07-13 | 2017-06-30 | Method of adjusting the air/fuel ratio for a gas fired burner |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0109907A AT505442B1 (en) | 2007-07-13 | 2007-07-13 | METHOD FOR FUEL GAS AIR ADJUSTMENT FOR A FUEL-DRIVEN BURNER |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2014985A2 true EP2014985A2 (en) | 2009-01-14 |
EP2014985A3 EP2014985A3 (en) | 2014-02-26 |
EP2014985B1 EP2014985B1 (en) | 2017-05-24 |
Family
ID=39790204
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP08012196.5A Active EP2014985B1 (en) | 2007-07-13 | 2008-07-07 | Method of adjusting the air/fuel ratio for a gas fired burner |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2014985B1 (en) |
AT (1) | AT505442B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102008031979A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK2014985T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2629770T3 (en) |
HR (1) | HRP20170996T1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2014985T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT2014985T (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2405198A1 (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2012-01-11 | Vaillant GmbH | Method for the calibration of the regulation of the fuel-air ratio of a gaseous fuel burner |
WO2012041777A1 (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-04-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for calibrating, validating and aligning a lambda probe |
WO2012004211A3 (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2013-06-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for controlling combustion in a gas or oil burner |
EP3290801A1 (en) * | 2016-09-02 | 2018-03-07 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Method for controlling a fuel/air ratio in a heating system and a control unit and a heating system |
WO2020038919A1 (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2020-02-27 | Truma Gerätetechnik GmbH & Co. KG | Heating device and method for regulating a fan-operated gas burner |
CN111486473A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2020-08-04 | 威能有限公司 | Heater, method of controlling combustion in heater, and computer program product for performing the method |
EP3690318A3 (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2020-09-30 | Vaillant GmbH | Method and device for regulating a fuel-air mixture in a heating device |
DE102019003451A1 (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-11-19 | Truma Gerätetechnik GmbH & Co. KG | Method for monitoring a burner and / or a burning behavior of a burner and burner arrangement |
EP3825623A1 (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-26 | Vaillant GmbH | Heater with emergency control system |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2667097B1 (en) | 2012-05-24 | 2018-03-07 | Honeywell Technologies Sarl | Method for operating a gas burner |
EP3477201B1 (en) | 2017-10-26 | 2020-05-06 | Honeywell Technologies Sarl | Method for operating a gas burner appliance |
DE102019119214A1 (en) | 2019-07-16 | 2021-01-21 | Vaillant Gmbh | Method and device for recalibrating a measuring system for regulating a fuel gas-air mixture in a heating device |
DE102020129816A1 (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2022-05-12 | Vaillant Gmbh | Arrangements and methods for measuring ionization in a combustion chamber of a premix burner |
IT202100032360A1 (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-06-23 | Sit Spa | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MONITORING AND CONTROL OF COMBUSTION IN FUEL GAS BURNERS |
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2007
- 2007-07-13 AT AT0109907A patent/AT505442B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2008
- 2008-07-07 DE DE102008031979A patent/DE102008031979A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-07-07 PT PT80121965T patent/PT2014985T/en unknown
- 2008-07-07 PL PL08012196T patent/PL2014985T3/en unknown
- 2008-07-07 DK DK08012196.5T patent/DK2014985T3/en active
- 2008-07-07 ES ES08012196.5T patent/ES2629770T3/en active Active
- 2008-07-07 EP EP08012196.5A patent/EP2014985B1/en active Active
-
2017
- 2017-06-30 HR HRP20170996TT patent/HRP20170996T1/en unknown
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2012004211A3 (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2013-06-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for controlling combustion in a gas or oil burner |
EP2405198A1 (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2012-01-11 | Vaillant GmbH | Method for the calibration of the regulation of the fuel-air ratio of a gaseous fuel burner |
WO2012041777A1 (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-04-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for calibrating, validating and aligning a lambda probe |
EP3290801A1 (en) * | 2016-09-02 | 2018-03-07 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Method for controlling a fuel/air ratio in a heating system and a control unit and a heating system |
WO2020038919A1 (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2020-02-27 | Truma Gerätetechnik GmbH & Co. KG | Heating device and method for regulating a fan-operated gas burner |
AU2019325272B2 (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2021-11-04 | Truma Gerätetechnik GmbH & Co. KG | Heating device and method for regulating a fan-operated gas burner |
US11761629B2 (en) | 2018-08-21 | 2023-09-19 | Truma Gerätetechnik GmbH & Co. KG | Heating device and method for regulating a fan-operated gas burner |
CN111486473A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2020-08-04 | 威能有限公司 | Heater, method of controlling combustion in heater, and computer program product for performing the method |
EP3690318A3 (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2020-09-30 | Vaillant GmbH | Method and device for regulating a fuel-air mixture in a heating device |
DE102019003451A1 (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-11-19 | Truma Gerätetechnik GmbH & Co. KG | Method for monitoring a burner and / or a burning behavior of a burner and burner arrangement |
EP3825623A1 (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-26 | Vaillant GmbH | Heater with emergency control system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102008031979A1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
PL2014985T3 (en) | 2017-09-29 |
EP2014985A3 (en) | 2014-02-26 |
PT2014985T (en) | 2017-07-13 |
ES2629770T3 (en) | 2017-08-14 |
AT505442A1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
EP2014985B1 (en) | 2017-05-24 |
DK2014985T3 (en) | 2017-07-24 |
AT505442B1 (en) | 2009-07-15 |
HRP20170996T1 (en) | 2017-12-15 |
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