EP1998303B1 - System zur Überwachung des Fahrzeugaufkommens in einem Autobahnabschnitt - Google Patents

System zur Überwachung des Fahrzeugaufkommens in einem Autobahnabschnitt Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1998303B1
EP1998303B1 EP07425302A EP07425302A EP1998303B1 EP 1998303 B1 EP1998303 B1 EP 1998303B1 EP 07425302 A EP07425302 A EP 07425302A EP 07425302 A EP07425302 A EP 07425302A EP 1998303 B1 EP1998303 B1 EP 1998303B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transmitting
receiving stations
receiving
highway section
transit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP07425302A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1998303A1 (de
Inventor
Silvia Zangherati
Alessio Corongiu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Centro Ricerche Fiat SCpA
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Centro Ricerche Fiat SCpA
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Application filed by Centro Ricerche Fiat SCpA filed Critical Centro Ricerche Fiat SCpA
Priority to DE602007001534T priority Critical patent/DE602007001534D1/de
Priority to EP07425302A priority patent/EP1998303B1/de
Priority to AT07425302T priority patent/ATE436066T1/de
Publication of EP1998303A1 publication Critical patent/EP1998303A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1998303B1 publication Critical patent/EP1998303B1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/015—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled with provision for distinguishing between two or more types of vehicles, e.g. between motor-cars and cycles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system for monitoring vehicle transit along a highway section.
  • Vehicle transit along a highway section is monitored by systems based, for example, on video cameras, which transmit the acquired images to a remote operating centre; or on transmitting-receiving stations, which continuously transmit a directional signal, with given spectral characteristics, onto the monitored highway section, and detect vehicle passage on the basis of the characteristics of the signals reflected by the vehicles in transit which, in passing, alter the signal transmitted by the transmitting-receiving stations; or on coils laid under the road surface.
  • image quality depends, among other things, on external visibility and lighting, and is therefore seriously impaired by external factors, such as darkness, fog, snow, or dirt on the video camera optical system; while incoming signal quality is seriously affected, for example, by interference, weather conditions, etc.
  • the present invention proposes a monitoring system comprising small, low-energy electronic devices installed along the road.
  • Number 1 in the attached drawing indicates as a whole a system for monitoring vehicle transit along a highway section 2, in accordance with the present invention.
  • the highway section 2 shown schematically in the drawing is a lane of a one-way highway, e.g. motorway or main road, travelled by vehicles, e.g. vehicle 3.
  • a one-way highway e.g. motorway or main road
  • vehicles e.g. vehicle 3.
  • monitoring system 1 comprises:
  • each pair of transmitting-receiving stations 4a, 4b of the wireless sensor network installed on opposite sides of highway section 2 is configured to detect passage of vehicle 3 along highway section 2, and to type-classify the vehicles in transit on the basis of a wireless signal transmitted by transmitting-receiving station 4a.
  • Transmitting-receiving stations 4c are configured to transmit the vehicle transit and vehicle type information, processed by transmitting-receiving station 4b, to Gateway station 5, which transmits the information to remote control centre 6.
  • transmitting-receiving stations 4a, 4b, 4c all have the same hardware configuration, and each comprise:
  • transmitting-receiving stations 4a, 4b, 4c are therefore performed by specific software stored in control and processing unit 7 of each station 4a, 4b, 4c.
  • Control and processing unit 7 of transmitting-receiving station 4a is configured to control transmitting-receiving unit 8 of station 4a to enable station 4a to :
  • Transmitting-receiving station 4a comprises a sensor or device (not shown), e.g. a microphone or television camera, for detecting arrival of vehicle 3.
  • a sensor or device e.g. a microphone or television camera
  • Control and processing unit 7 of transmitting-receiving station 4b is configured to control transmitting-receiving unit 8 of station 4b to enable station 4b to :
  • Control and processing unit 7 of transmitting-receiving station 4c is configured to control transmitting-receiving unit 8 of station 4c to enable station 4c to :
  • transmitting-receiving Gateway station 5 comprises:
  • At least one software is stored in control and processing unit 7 of Gateway station 5 to control transmitting-receiving unit 8 of Gateway station 5 to enable Gateway station 5 to:
  • a transmitting-receiving station 4a on detecting an on-coming vehicle by means of the sensor, e.g. a microphone, a transmitting-receiving station 4a begins transmitting wireless signal S t - e.g. a 433 MHz, 868 MHz, or 2.4 GHz signal - to transmitting-receiving station 4b, which measures the power level of the incoming signal, compares it with the power level of the transmitted signal, and detects passage of the vehicle on the basis of the comparison.
  • wireless signal S t - e.g. a 433 MHz, 868 MHz, or 2.4 GHz signal
  • control and processing unit 7 of transmitting-receiving station 4b detects passage of the vehicle on the basis of attenuation of the power level of the incoming signal.
  • control and processing unit 7 of transmitting-receiving station 4b compares the power level of the incoming signal with predetermined threshold values of specific categories of vehicles, e.g. cars, buses, trucks, etc., and classifies the vehicles in transit on the basis of the comparison.
  • transmitting-receiving stations 4a, 4b, 4c and Gateway station 5 each have an independent power source 9, e.g. a battery (not shown) connected to a charging device, e.g. a photovoltaic, wind-driven, or vibration module (not shown); and monitoring system 1 is configured so that each pair of transmitting-receiving stations 4a, 4b (the drawing shows four pairs of stations 4a, 4b, indicated by arrows A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 ) and transmitting-receiving stations 4c can operate in two modes.
  • a battery not shown
  • a charging device e.g. a photovoltaic, wind-driven, or vibration module
  • control and processing units 7 of transmitting-receiving stations 4a, 4b, 4c totally disable the respective stations, and enable the respective charging devices of independent power sources 9.
  • transmitting-receiving station 4a In SLEEP mode, transmitting-receiving station 4a obviously detects no on-coming vehicles by means of the sensor, and transmits no wireless signal to transmitting-receiving station 4b, which, likewise, detects no passing vehicles.
  • transmitting-receiving station 4a detects on-coming vehicles by means of the sensor, and transmits the wireless signal to respective transmitting-receiving station 4b, which detects transit of, and type-classifies, the vehicles; and stations 4c transmit the vehicle transit and vehicle type information, received from transmitting-receiving station 4b, to Gateway station 5.
  • Each pair of transmitting-receiving stations 4a, 4b switches automatically from charge SLEEP mode to ACTIVE mode on the basis of switching logic designed by the Applicant to ensure reliable vehicle transit monitoring and minimum energy consumption. More specifically, system 1 is configured so that the pairs of transmitting-receiving stations 4a, 4b forming part of the wireless sensor network are never all in the same operating mode (ACTIVE or SLEEP) at the same time.
  • pairs A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 of transmitting-receiving stations 4a, 4b are activated singly or in groups for a predetermined time and/or as a function of the charge level of the respective batteries.
  • monitoring system 1 may be configured so that pairs A 1 and A 2 operate in ACTIVE mode, and, simultaneously, pairs A 3 and A 4 operate in SLEEP mode.
  • pairs A 1 and A 2 are activated simultaneously for redundant vehicle monitoring, and remain in ACTIVE mode for a predetermined time ⁇ t, or for as long as the charge level of the respective batteries remains above a minimum threshold value guaranteeing operation of each station 4a, 4b.
  • system 1 is configured so that, at the end of time ⁇ t, or when the charge level of at least one of the batteries of stations 4a, 4b in pairs A 1 and A 2 falls below the minimum threshold level, transmitting-receiving stations 4a, 4b in pairs A 1 and A 2 switch from ACTIVE mode to charge SLEEP mode, and the vehicle transit monitoring function is taken over by the next two pairs A 3 , A 4 switching from SLEEP mode to ACTIVE mode.
  • the above switching procedure is performed, on the basis of the above time or charge level conditions, between the two currently active pairs and the next adjacent two pairs in SLEEP mode, until all the pairs of stations 4a, 4b in monitoring system 1 are used up.
  • the system is configured to activate two successive, but not necessarily adjacent, pairs of transmitting-receiving stations 4a, 4b, e.g. pair A 1 and pair A 3 , which, as in the first embodiment, remain active for a predetermined time ⁇ t, or for as long as the charge level of the respective batteries remains above a minimum threshold value guaranteeing operation of each station.
  • the system may be configured to only activate one pair of transmitting-receiving stations 4a, 4b at a time, and so that the pair remains active for a predetermined time ⁇ t, or for as long as the charge level of the respective batteries remains above a minimum threshold value guaranteeing operation of each station, and otherwise switches from ACTIVE mode to charge SLEEP mode; and the vehicle transit monitoring function is taken over by the adjacent pair or by the currently available pair switching from SLEEP mode to ACTIVE mode.
  • transmitting-receiving stations 4a, 4b of the wireless sensor network periodically exchange current operating mode information.
  • each transmitting-receiving station 4a, 4b and 4c in ACTIVE operating mode depends on the connection time t conn stations 4a, 4b and 4c operates in ACTIVE mode; and the energy consumption of each transmitting-receiving station 4 in SLEEP mode depends on the time t SLEEP stations 4a, 4b and 4c operates in SLEEP operating mode.
  • time t conn is much shorter than time t SLEEP , that the energy consumption of each station 4 in SLEEP mode is negligible compared to energy consumption in ACTIVE mode, that the number of connection cycles N cycles of each transmitting-receiving station 4 equals t conn / ⁇ t, and that the wireless sensor network comprises n pairs of wireless transmitting-receiving stations 4, then the actual working life of the charge of the wireless network, for a given energy charge of each station 4, equals: n * N cycles + N charge * ⁇ t where N charge is the number of cycles ⁇ t recovered by each transmitting-receiving station 4 being charged during time t SLEEP .
  • the system according to the invention has the following advantages: minimum infrastructure; high degree of reliability; and low energy consumption.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. System (1) zur Überwachung des Fahrzeugaufkommens in einem Autobahnabschnitt (2), mit einer ersten Anzahl von Sende-/Empfangs-Stationen (4a,4b,4c), die entlang des Autobahnabschnitts installiert sind und Teil eines Netzes drahtloser Sensoren sind; wobei jede der Sende-/Empfangs-Stationen (4a,4b,4c) zum Kommunizieren mit den anderen Sende-/Empfangs-Stationen (4a,4b,4c) konfiguriert ist und mit einer unabhängigen Energiequelle versehen ist, und mit einer Ladevorrichtung zum Laden der unabhängigen Energiequelle;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Anzahl von Paaren (A1,A2,A3,A4) der ersten Anzahl von Sende-/Empfangs-Stationen (4a,4b) konfiguriert ist für einen Betrieb:
    - in einer ersten Betriebsart (ACTIVE), in der das Aufkommen der Fahrzeuge entlang des Autobahnabschnitts (2) detektiert wird und der Typ der entlang des Autobahnabschnitts (2) passierenden Fahrzeuge detektiert wird; und
    - in einer zweiten, zum Laden vorgesehenen Betriebsart (SLEEP), in der die Ladevorrichtung zum Laden der unabhängigen Energiequelle aktiviert ist;
    und dass mindestens ein Paar von Sende-/Empfangs-Stationen (4a,4b) in einer der ersten und zweiten Betriebsarten (ACTIVE, SLEEP) arbeitet, die sich von der Betriebsart der anderen Paare unterscheidet.
  2. System nach Anspruch 1, ferner mit:
    - einer zweiten Anzahl von Sende-/Empfangs-Stationen (4c), die konfiguriert sind zum Empfangen und Senden von durch die Paare (A1,A2,A3,A4) der Sende-/Empfangs-Stationen (4a,4b) gesendeter Fahrzeugaufkommen- und Fahrzeugtypinformation bei Betrieb in der ersten Betriebsart (ACTIVE);
    - einer ersten Sende-/Empfangs-Station (5), die konfiguriert sind zum Empfangen und Senden der von der zweiten Anzahl von Sende-/Empfangs-Stationen (4c) und von den Paaren (A1,A2,A3,A4) der Sende-/Empfangs-Stationen (4a,4b) gesendeten Fahrzeugaufkommen- und Fahrzeugtypinformation; und
    - einem Fern-Datenverarbeitungszentrum (6), das zum Kommunizieren mit der ersten Sende-/Empfangs-Station (5) konfiguriert ist.
  3. System nach Anspruch 2, bei dem die erste Sende-/Empfangs-Station (5) eine GSM- oder WI-FI-Station ist.
  4. System nach Anspruch 2, bei dem die zweiten Anzahl von Sende-/Empfangs-Stationen (4c) konfiguriert ist für den Betrieb:
    - in einer dritten Betriebsart (ACTIVE), in der sie die von den Paaren (A1,A2,A3,A4) der Sende-/Empfangs-Stationen gesendete Information empfangen und die Information an die erste Sende-/Empfangs-Station (5) senden; und
    - in der zweiten, zum Laden vorgesehenen Betriebsart (SLEEP), in der die Ladevorrichtung zum Laden der unabhängigen Energiequelle aktiviert ist.
  5. System nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, bei dem einander benachbarte erste und zweite Paare (A1,A2) von Sende-/Empfangs-Stationen (4a,4b) von der ersten (ACTIVE) in die zweite (SLEEP) Betriebsart bzw. von der zweiten (SLEEP) Betriebsart in die erste (ACTIVE) Betriebsart schalten.
  6. System nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, bei dem die Paare (A1,A2, A3,A4) der Sende-/Empfangs-Stationen (4a,4b) und die zweite Anzahl von Sende-/Empfangs-Stationen (4c) derart konfiguriert sind, dass sie auf der Basis eines Schwellwerts eines Ladepegels der jeweiligen unabhängigen Energiequellen und/oder auf der Basis einer vorbestimmten Zeitperiode von der ersten (ACTIVE) in die zweite (SLEEP) und von der dritten (ACTIVE) in die zweite (SLEEP) Betriebsart oder umgekehrt schalten.
  7. System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem jedes Paar (A1,A2,A3,A4) der Sende-/Empfangs-Stationen (4a,4b) aufweist:
    - eine zweite Sende-/Empfangs-Station (4a), die entlang eines ersten Rands des Autobahnabschnitts (2) angeordnet ist und eine Sensorvorrichtung, die zum Detektieren eines sich nähernden Fahrzeugs konfiguriert ist, und eine erste elektronische Sendevorrichtung (8) aufweist, die zum kontinuierlichen Senden eines Funksignals auf den Autobahnabschnitt (2) konfiguriert ist; und
    - eine dritte Sende-/Empfangs-Station (4b), die entlang eines dem ersten Rand gegenüberliegenden zweiten Rands des Autobahnabschnitts (2) angeordnet ist und eine erste elektronische Empfangsvorrichtung zum Empfangen des von der ersten elektronischen Sendevorrichtung (8) gesendeten Funksignals und eine erste Verarbeitungsvorrichtung (7) aufweist, die derart konfiguriert ist, dass sie das Passieren des Fahrzeugs entlang des Autobahnabschnitts (2) auf der Basis der Analyse des eintreffenden Funksignals detektiert.
  8. System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem jede der zweiten und dritten Sende-/Empfangs-Stationen (4a,4b) und jede der zweiten Anzahl von Sende-/Empfangs-Stationen (4c) ferner aufweist:
    - eine Verbindungs- und Datenaustauschvorrichtung (8) zum Austauschen von Information mit jeder der Sende-/Empfangs-Stationen (4a,4b,4c), die einen Teil des Netzwerks drahtloser Sensoren bilden; und
    - eine zweite Verarbeitungsvorrichtung (7), die konfiguriert ist zum Verarbeiten von Information aus der Anzahl der Sende-/Empfangs-Stationen (4a,4b,4c) und zum Steuern des Schaltens der Sende-/Empfangs-Stationen (4a,4b) aus der ersten (ACTIVE) in die zweite (SLEEP) Betriebsart, und umgekehrt.
  9. System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die erste elektronische Sendevorrichtung (8) der zweiten Sende-/Empfangs-Station (4a) ein Funksignal mit vorbestimmter Energie, vorbestimmter Frequenz und vorbestimmtem Modulationsmodus ausgibt.
  10. System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die erste Verarbeitungsvorrichtung (7) der dritten Sende-/Empfangs-Station (4b) konfiguriert ist zum:
    - Empfangen des Funksignals mit vorbestimmter Energie, vorbestimmter Frequenz und vorbestimmtem Modulationsmodus; und
    - Detektieren des Passierens des Fahrzeugs entlang des Autobahnabschnitts (2), und
    - Bestimmen des Typs des passierenden Fahrzeugs auf der Basis der Energie des eintreffenden Funksignals.
EP07425302A 2007-05-21 2007-05-21 System zur Überwachung des Fahrzeugaufkommens in einem Autobahnabschnitt Not-in-force EP1998303B1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE602007001534T DE602007001534D1 (de) 2007-05-21 2007-05-21 System zur Überwachung des Fahrzeugaufkommens in einem Autobahnabschnitt
EP07425302A EP1998303B1 (de) 2007-05-21 2007-05-21 System zur Überwachung des Fahrzeugaufkommens in einem Autobahnabschnitt
AT07425302T ATE436066T1 (de) 2007-05-21 2007-05-21 System zur überwachung des fahrzeugaufkommens in einem autobahnabschnitt

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07425302A EP1998303B1 (de) 2007-05-21 2007-05-21 System zur Überwachung des Fahrzeugaufkommens in einem Autobahnabschnitt

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1998303A1 EP1998303A1 (de) 2008-12-03
EP1998303B1 true EP1998303B1 (de) 2009-07-08

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EP07425302A Not-in-force EP1998303B1 (de) 2007-05-21 2007-05-21 System zur Überwachung des Fahrzeugaufkommens in einem Autobahnabschnitt

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EP (1) EP1998303B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE436066T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602007001534D1 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104103172A (zh) * 2014-07-25 2014-10-15 昆明联诚科技股份有限公司 一种高速公路监控方法及***

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3872283A (en) * 1973-07-13 1975-03-18 Cadre Corp Vehicle identification method and apparatus
US4247768A (en) * 1978-11-30 1981-01-27 British Railways Board Vehicle velocity related measuring systems
WO1998035330A1 (de) * 1997-02-05 1998-08-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fahrzeugdetektor-anordnung
US6690292B1 (en) * 2000-06-06 2004-02-10 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation Method and system for monitoring vehicular traffic using a wireless communications network

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EP1998303A1 (de) 2008-12-03
ATE436066T1 (de) 2009-07-15
DE602007001534D1 (de) 2009-08-20

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