EP1995413A1 - Gap seal for blades/vanes of a turbomachine - Google Patents

Gap seal for blades/vanes of a turbomachine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1995413A1
EP1995413A1 EP08153316A EP08153316A EP1995413A1 EP 1995413 A1 EP1995413 A1 EP 1995413A1 EP 08153316 A EP08153316 A EP 08153316A EP 08153316 A EP08153316 A EP 08153316A EP 1995413 A1 EP1995413 A1 EP 1995413A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
gap
projection
blades
circumferential direction
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP08153316A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1995413B1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Heinz-Schwarzmaier
Sven Olmes
Ronald Wifling
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General Electric Technology GmbH
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Alstom Technology AG
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Publication of EP1995413A1 publication Critical patent/EP1995413A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/005—Sealing means between non relatively rotating elements
    • F01D11/006—Sealing the gap between rotor blades or blades and rotor
    • F01D11/008—Sealing the gap between rotor blades or blades and rotor by spacer elements between the blades, e.g. independent interblade platforms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gap seal for radially sealing a gap extending axially and radially between two circumferentially adjacent blades of a turbomachine.
  • Blades are circumferentially adjacent to each other.
  • rotor blades in the region of the blade roots form gaps that extend in each case axially and radially between the blade roots of adjacent blades.
  • two axially adjacent blades in the circumferential direction at their respective blade root to provide extending, open towards the gap longitudinal groove.
  • a band-shaped or strip-shaped sealing element can be inserted, such that it engages with its longitudinal sides in the two longitudinal grooves and thus bridges the gap.
  • a residual gap may still be present at the front end of the sealing element. This can be attributed to manufacturing tolerances. Furthermore, this residual gap may form or increase during operation of the turbomachine due to thermal expansion effects.
  • the invention deals with the problem of providing a gap seal of the type mentioned an improved embodiment, which is characterized in particular by an increased sealing effect.
  • the invention is based on the general idea to allow the sealing element to engage in its end face in a corresponding groove, so that no residual gap is left.
  • a projection is formed on one of the two blades, between the feet of which there is a gap, which protrudes in the circumferential direction from the blade root of a blade and thereby at least in the region of the longitudinal groove of this blade in the circumferential direction and extends in the radial direction.
  • the projection may overlap the gap in the circumferential direction.
  • a transverse groove can be incorporated, in which the end face of the sealing element can be inserted.
  • the gap can now also be sealed in the area of the end face of the sealing element. The effectiveness of the gap seal thus formed is thus improved.
  • the projection may be dimensioned such that it overlaps on the one hand the axially open longitudinal groove of the other blade and that on the other hand it is large enough to design the transverse groove incorporated therein at its front ends closed.
  • the projection and the recess may optionally be coordinated with each other so that the projection in the recess abuts axially on the blade root of the other blade.
  • the transverse groove in the projection of one blade passes virtually seamlessly into the longitudinal groove of the other blade. As a result, the sealing effect of the gap seal can be improved.
  • Fig. 1 are two blades, namely a first blade 1 and a second blade 2 partially shown, each forming a part of a turbomachine, otherwise not shown.
  • This turbomachine is for example a turbine or a compressor.
  • the turbomachine has a stator and a rotor which is rotatably arranged in the stator about an axis of rotation.
  • the directions given above and below, such as axial direction, radial direction and circumferential direction relate in each case to the axis of rotation which defines the axial direction.
  • the directions related to the axis of rotation of the rotor are indicated by double arrows. With 3, the circumferential direction is denoted by 4 denotes the axial direction and 5 denotes the radial direction.
  • the blades 1, 2 may be stator vanes. Preferably, however, the blades 1, 2 are blades of the rotor.
  • the two blades 1, 2 shown here are arranged adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction 3.
  • Each blade 1, 2 has a blade root 6 and 7, respectively.
  • the blade root 6 of the first blade 1 is referred to below as the first blade root 6.
  • the blade root 7 of the second blade 2 is referred to below as the second blade root 7.
  • a gap 8 which extends in the axial direction 4 and in the radial direction 5, is formed in the circumferential direction 3 between adjacent blades 1, 2 in the area of the blade roots 6, 7.
  • a gap seal 9 is formed in the region of the gap 8, which will be explained in more detail below.
  • the gap seal 9 is in the one blade 1, so e.g. in the first blade 1, at its blade root 6, a longitudinal groove 10 incorporated, which is referred to below as the first longitudinal groove 10.
  • the first longitudinal groove 10 extends axially and is open to the gap 8.
  • a longitudinal groove 11 is incorporated, which is referred to below as the second longitudinal groove 11.
  • the second longitudinal groove 11 is also open to the gap 8 and extends axially.
  • the two longitudinal grooves 10, 11 are arranged on the respective blade root 6, 7 so that they face each other in the gap 8 and aligned with each other.
  • the gap seal 9 comprises a band-shaped or strip-shaped sealing element 12, which may be formed for example by a flat metal component.
  • the term "flat” here defines that the sealing element 12 in his axial longitudinal direction and in its direction parallel to the circumferential direction 3 transverse direction greater dimensions than in its radial thickness direction.
  • the sealing element 12 is dimensioned such that it engages with its longitudinal sides 13, 14 in the two longitudinal grooves 10, 11 in the circumferential direction 3. As a result, the sealing element 12 bridges the gap 8 in the region of an axial longitudinal end.
  • the one or first blade 1 has at its blade root 6 on a projection 15 which projects in the circumferential direction 3 from the first blade root 6.
  • This projection 15 extends at least in the region of the associated longitudinal groove 10 in the circumferential direction 3 and radially.
  • the projection 15 extends over the entire radial height of the first blade root 6.
  • the other or second blade 2 at its blade root 7 a stepped recess 16, in which the projection 15 engages in the illustrated assembled state. In this case, the projection 16 projects into the recess 16 in the circumferential direction 3.
  • the gap seal 9 now also comprises a transverse groove 17, which is incorporated in the projection 15, in such a way that it extends in the circumferential direction 3 and the gap 8 is open.
  • the transverse groove 17 is positioned at the height of the longitudinal grooves 10, 11. Accordingly, the sealing element 12 can engage axially with a projection 15 facing end face 18 in the transverse groove 17.
  • the thus formed gap seal 9 is characterized by an increased sealing effect.
  • the transverse groove 17 is expediently designed such that it merges directly into the first longitudinal groove 10.
  • the second longitudinal groove 11 is in the region of the recess 16 frontally open, so axially open.
  • the projection 15 is expedient in the circumferential direction 3 dimensioned so that it is the frontally open end of the second longitudinal groove 11 overlaps in the recess 16.
  • the dimensioning of the projection 15 is matched to the second longitudinal groove 11, that the projection 15, the recess 16 overlaps so far that the transverse groove 17 may be configured to be closed at both front ends.
  • the projection 15 in one of the second blade 2 facing end-side end portion of the transverse groove 17 forms a closure of this end face of the transverse groove 17.
  • the embodiment shown here in which the recess 16 and the projection 15 are coordinated so that the projection 15 axially abuts in the mounted state shown within the recess 16 on the second blade root 7.
  • leaks can be reduced by a flow around the projection 15 within the recess 16.
  • the transverse groove 17 can thus also merge seamlessly into the second longitudinal groove 11.
  • transverse groove 17 with respect to their groove depth and the sealing element 12 are matched with respect to its axial extent to one another so that the sealing element 12 can still engage with its end face 18 sufficiently deep into the transverse groove 17 to a desired sealing effect to be able to guarantee if the usual manufacturing tolerances to be expected in the production and the usual thermal expansion processes to be expected during operation of the turbomachine have extreme values and unfavorably add up.
  • the proposed gap seal 9 can thus cause a sufficient sealing of the gap 9 for usual manufacturing tolerances and thermal expansion processes in the region of the end face 18.
  • the two blades 1, 2 can be basically identical, so that the second blade 2 on its side facing away from the first blade 1 side also has such a projection 15, which in turn engages in a recess 16, the in the circumferential direction 3 on the second blade 2 subsequent further blade is formed.
  • the first blade 1 has on its blade root 6 on its side remote from the second blade 2 side such a recess 6, in which a projection 15 engages, which is formed on an adjacent in this direction to the first blade 1 further blade.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)

Abstract

A strip-form sealing element (12) engages in the longitudinal slots (10,11) of the two blades (1,2) and bridges a gap (8). First blade has a projection (15) that projects from its blade root (6) along a circumferential direction (3) in the region of the respective longitudinal slot and bridges an axial longitudinal end of the gap (8) in the process. Second blade has a step-shaped recess (16) on its blade root (7) where the projection engages. The sealing element engages in the transverse slot (17) of the projection extending in the circumferential direction and opening towards the gap.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical area

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Spaltdichtung zur radialen Abdichtung eines sich axial und radial zwischen zwei in Umfangsrichtung benachbarten Schaufeln einer Turbomaschine erstreckenden Spalts.The present invention relates to a gap seal for radially sealing a gap extending axially and radially between two circumferentially adjacent blades of a turbomachine.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Bei Turbomaschinen, also bei Kompressoren, Turbinen und dgl., sind Schaufeln in Umfangsrichtung zueinander benachbart angeordnet. Dabei entstehen insbesondere bei rotorseitig angeordneten Laufschaufeln im Bereich der Schaufelfüße Spalte, die sich jeweils axial und radial zwischen den Schaufelfüßen benachbarter Schaufeln erstrecken. Um den Eintritt von Heißgasen in den Spalt oder um das Austreten von Kühlgas aus dem Spalt zu vermeiden, ist es erforderlich, diesen Spalt in radialer Richtung abzudichten. Hierzu ist es grundsätzlich möglich, bei jeweils zwei in Umfangsrichtung benachbarten Schaufeln an ihrem jeweiligen Schaufelfuß jeweils eine sich axial erstreckende, zum Spalt hin offene Längsnut anzubringen. In diese Längsnuten, die sich im Spalt fluchtend gegenüberliegen, kann dann ein bandförmiges oder streifenförmiges Dichtelement eingeführt werden, derart, dass es mit seinen Längsseiten in die beiden Längsnuten eingreift und so den Spalt überbrückt.In turbomachinery, ie in compressors, turbines and the like., Blades are circumferentially adjacent to each other. In particular, rotor blades in the region of the blade roots form gaps that extend in each case axially and radially between the blade roots of adjacent blades. In order to avoid the entry of hot gases into the gap or the escape of cooling gas from the gap, it is necessary to seal this gap in the radial direction. For this purpose, it is in principle possible in each case two axially adjacent blades in the circumferential direction at their respective blade root to provide extending, open towards the gap longitudinal groove. In these longitudinal grooves, which face each other in the gap, then a band-shaped or strip-shaped sealing element can be inserted, such that it engages with its longitudinal sides in the two longitudinal grooves and thus bridges the gap.

Bei derartigen Spaltdichtungen kann jedoch am stirnseitigen Ende des Dichtelements nach wie vor ein Restspalt vorhanden sein. Dies kann auf Herstellungstoleranzen zurückgeführt werden. Des Weiteren kann sich dieser Restspalt im Betrieb der Turbomaschine aufgrund thermischer Ausdehnungseffekte ausbilden bzw. vergrößern.In such gap seals, however, a residual gap may still be present at the front end of the sealing element. This can be attributed to manufacturing tolerances. Furthermore, this residual gap may form or increase during operation of the turbomachine due to thermal expansion effects.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Hier setzt die vorliegende Erfindung an. Die Erfindung, wie sie in den Ansprüchen gekennzeichnet ist, beschäftigt sich mit dem Problem, für eine Spaltdichtung der eingangs genannten Art eine verbesserte Ausführungsform anzugeben, die sich insbesondere durch eine erhöhte Dichtungswirkung auszeichnet.This is where the present invention begins. The invention, as characterized in the claims, deals with the problem of providing a gap seal of the type mentioned an improved embodiment, which is characterized in particular by an increased sealing effect.

Dieses Problem wird erfindungsgemäß durch den Gegenstand des unabhängigen Anspruchs gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This problem is solved according to the invention by the subject matter of the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung beruht auf dem allgemeinen Gedanken, das Dichtelement auch in seinem stirnseitigen Ende in eine entsprechende Nut eingreifen zu lassen, so dass kein Restspalt übrig bleibt. Zu diesem Zweck ist an einer der beiden Schaufeln, zwischen deren Füßen der Spalt besteht, ein Vorsprung ausgebildet, der in der Umfangsrichtung vom Schaufelfuß der einen Schaufel absteht und sich dabei zumindest im Bereich der Längsnut dieser Schaufel in Umfangsrichtung und in radialer Richtung erstreckt. Komplementär dazu weist die andere Schaufel an ihrem Schaufelfuß eine passende Ausnehmung auf, in die der Vorsprung eingreift. Auf diese Weise kann der Vorsprung den Spalt in Umfangsrichtung überlappen. In diesen Vorsprung kann nun eine Quernut eingearbeitet werden, in welche die Stirnseite des Dichtelements einführbar ist. Durch die beschriebene Bauweise kann der Spalt nun auch im Bereich des stirnseitigen Endes des Dichtelements abgedichtet werden. Die Effektivität der so gebildeten Spaltdichtung ist somit verbessert.The invention is based on the general idea to allow the sealing element to engage in its end face in a corresponding groove, so that no residual gap is left. For this purpose, a projection is formed on one of the two blades, between the feet of which there is a gap, which protrudes in the circumferential direction from the blade root of a blade and thereby at least in the region of the longitudinal groove of this blade in the circumferential direction and extends in the radial direction. Complementarily, the other blade on its blade root on a matching recess into which engages the projection. In this way, the projection may overlap the gap in the circumferential direction. In this projection now a transverse groove can be incorporated, in which the end face of the sealing element can be inserted. As a result of the construction described, the gap can now also be sealed in the area of the end face of the sealing element. The effectiveness of the gap seal thus formed is thus improved.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform kann der Vorsprung so dimensioniert sein, dass er einerseits die axial offen endende Längsnut der anderen Schaufel überlappt und dass er andererseits groß genug ist, um die darin eingearbeitete Quernut an ihren stirnseitigen Enden geschlossen auszugestalten. Durch diese Ausführungsform kann die Dichtungswirkung der Spaltdichtung zusätzlich verbessert werden.According to a preferred embodiment, the projection may be dimensioned such that it overlaps on the one hand the axially open longitudinal groove of the other blade and that on the other hand it is large enough to design the transverse groove incorporated therein at its front ends closed. By this embodiment, the sealing effect of the gap seal can be additionally improved.

Darüber hinaus können der Vorsprung und die Ausnehmung optional so aufeinander abgestimmt sein, dass der Vorsprung in der Ausnehmung axial am Schaufelfuß der anderen Schaufel anliegt. Bei dieser Bauweise geht die Quernut im Vorsprung der einen Schaufel quasi nahtlos in die Längsnut der anderen Schaufel über. Auch hierdurch kann die Dichtungswirkung der Spaltdichtung verbessert werden.In addition, the projection and the recess may optionally be coordinated with each other so that the projection in the recess abuts axially on the blade root of the other blade. In this construction, the transverse groove in the projection of one blade passes virtually seamlessly into the longitudinal groove of the other blade. As a result, the sealing effect of the gap seal can be improved.

Weitere wichtige Merkmale und Vorteile der erfindungsgemäßen Spaltdichtung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, aus den Zeichnungen und aus der zugehörigen Figurenbeschreibung anhand der Zeichnungen.Other important features and advantages of the inventive gap seal will become apparent from the subclaims, from the drawings and from the associated description of the figures with reference to the drawings.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert, wobei sich gleiche Bezugszeichen auf gleiche oder ähnliche oder funktional gleiche Komponenten beziehen. Es zeigen, jeweils schematisch,

Fig. 1
eine Draufsicht in radialer Richtung auf zwei in Umfangsrichtung benachbarte Schaufeln im Bereich einer Spaltdichtung,
Fig. 2
eine Schnittansicht im Bereich der Spaltdichtung entsprechend Schnittlinien II in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
eine Schnittansicht im Bereich der Spaltdichtung entsprechend Schnittlinien III in Fig. 2.
Preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail in the following description, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar or functionally identical components. Show, in each case schematically,
Fig. 1
a plan view in the radial direction of two circumferentially adjacent blades in the region of a gap seal,
Fig. 2
a sectional view in the region of the gap seal according to section lines II in Fig. 1 .
Fig. 3
a sectional view in the region of the gap seal according to section lines III in Fig. 2 ,

Wege zur Ausführung der ErfindungWays to carry out the invention

In Fig. 1 sind zwei Schaufeln, nämlich eine erste Schaufel 1 und eine zweite Schaufel 2 teilweise dargestellt, die jeweils einen Bestandteil einer im übrigen nicht dargestellten Turbomaschine bilden. Diese Turbomaschine ist beispielsweise eine Turbine oder ein Verdichter. Die Turbomaschine weist einen Stator und einen Rotor auf, der im Stator um eine Rotationsachse drehbar angeordnet ist. Die vorstehend und im Folgenden gemachten Richtungsangaben wie axiale Richtung, radiale Richtung und Umfangsrichtung, beziehen sich dabei jeweils auf die Rotationsachse, welche die Axialrichtung definiert. In den Fig. 1 bis 3 sind die auf die Rotationsachse des Rotors bezogenen Richtungen durch Doppelpfeile angedeutet. Mit 3 ist dabei die Umfangsrichtung bezeichnet, mit 4 ist die axiale Richtung bezeichnet und 5 bezeichnet die radiale Richtung. Bei den Schaufeln 1, 2 kann es sich um Leitschaufeln des Stators handeln. Bevorzugt handelt es sich jedoch bei den Schaufeln 1, 2 um Laufschaufeln des Rotors.In Fig. 1 are two blades, namely a first blade 1 and a second blade 2 partially shown, each forming a part of a turbomachine, otherwise not shown. This turbomachine is for example a turbine or a compressor. The turbomachine has a stator and a rotor which is rotatably arranged in the stator about an axis of rotation. The directions given above and below, such as axial direction, radial direction and circumferential direction, relate in each case to the axis of rotation which defines the axial direction. In the Fig. 1 to 3 the directions related to the axis of rotation of the rotor are indicated by double arrows. With 3, the circumferential direction is denoted by 4 denotes the axial direction and 5 denotes the radial direction. The blades 1, 2 may be stator vanes. Preferably, however, the blades 1, 2 are blades of the rotor.

Die beiden hier gezeigten Schaufeln 1, 2 sind in der Umfangsrichtung 3 zueinander benachbart angeordnet. Jede Schaufel 1, 2 weist einen Schaufelfuß 6 bzw. 7 auf. Der Schaufelfuß 6 der ersten Schaufel 1 wird im folgenden auch als erster Schaufelfuß 6 bezeichnet. Der Schaufelfuß 7 der zweiten Schaufel 2 wird im folgenden auch als zweiter Schaufelfuß 7 bezeichnet. Aufgrund der Bauweise der Turbomaschine bildet sich in Umfangsrichtung 3 zwischen benachbarten Schaufeln 1, 2 im Bereich der Schaufelfüße 6, 7 ein Spalt 8 aus, der sich in axialer Richtung 4 und in radialer Richtung 5 erstreckt. Zur Abdichtung dieses Spalts 8 ist im Bereich des Spalts 8 eine Spaltdichtung 9 ausgebildet, die im folgenden näher erläutert wird.The two blades 1, 2 shown here are arranged adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction 3. Each blade 1, 2 has a blade root 6 and 7, respectively. The blade root 6 of the first blade 1 is referred to below as the first blade root 6. The blade root 7 of the second blade 2 is referred to below as the second blade root 7. Due to the construction of the turbomachine, a gap 8, which extends in the axial direction 4 and in the radial direction 5, is formed in the circumferential direction 3 between adjacent blades 1, 2 in the area of the blade roots 6, 7. To seal this gap 8, a gap seal 9 is formed in the region of the gap 8, which will be explained in more detail below.

Zur Realisierung der Spaltdichtung 9 ist in die eine Schaufel 1, also z.B. in die erste Schaufel 1, an ihrem Schaufelfuß 6 eine Längsnut 10 eingearbeitet, die im folgenden auch als erste Längsnut 10 bezeichnet wird. Die erste Längsnut 10 erstreckt sich axial und ist zum Spalt 8 hin offen. Analog dazu ist in die andere Schaufel 2, also hier in die zweite Schaufel 2, bzw. in deren Schaufelfuß 7 ebenfalls eine Längsnut 11 eingearbeitet, die im folgenden als zweite Längsnut 11 bezeichnet wird. Die zweite Längsnut 11 ist ebenfalls zum Spalt 8 hin offen und erstreckt sich axial. Die beiden Längsnuten 10, 11 sind dabei am jeweiligen Schaufelfuß 6, 7 so angeordnet, dass sie sich im Spalt 8 einander gegenüberliegen und dabei zueinander fluchten.For the realization of the gap seal 9 is in the one blade 1, so e.g. in the first blade 1, at its blade root 6, a longitudinal groove 10 incorporated, which is referred to below as the first longitudinal groove 10. The first longitudinal groove 10 extends axially and is open to the gap 8. Similarly, in the other blade 2, so here in the second blade 2, or in the blade root 7 also a longitudinal groove 11 is incorporated, which is referred to below as the second longitudinal groove 11. The second longitudinal groove 11 is also open to the gap 8 and extends axially. The two longitudinal grooves 10, 11 are arranged on the respective blade root 6, 7 so that they face each other in the gap 8 and aligned with each other.

Die Spaltdichtung 9 umfasst ein bandförmiges oder streifenförmiges Dichtelement 12, das beispielsweise durch ein flaches Metallbauteil gebildet sein kann. Der Begriff "flach" definiert hierbei, dass das Dichtelement 12 in seiner axialen Längsrichtung und in seiner parallel zur Umfangsrichtung 3 verlaufenden Querrichtung größere Abmessungen aufweist als in seiner radialen Dickenrichtung. Das Dichtelement 12 ist so dimensioniert, dass es mit seinen Längsseiten 13, 14 in die beiden Längsnuten 10, 11 in der Umfangsrichtung 3 eingreift. Hierdurch überbrückt das Dichtelement 12 den Spalt 8 im Bereich eines axialen Längsendes.The gap seal 9 comprises a band-shaped or strip-shaped sealing element 12, which may be formed for example by a flat metal component. The term "flat" here defines that the sealing element 12 in his axial longitudinal direction and in its direction parallel to the circumferential direction 3 transverse direction greater dimensions than in its radial thickness direction. The sealing element 12 is dimensioned such that it engages with its longitudinal sides 13, 14 in the two longitudinal grooves 10, 11 in the circumferential direction 3. As a result, the sealing element 12 bridges the gap 8 in the region of an axial longitudinal end.

Die eine oder erste Schaufel 1 weist an ihrem Schaufelfuß 6 einen Vorsprung 15 auf, der in der Umfangsrichtung 3 vom ersten Schaufelfuß 6 absteht. Dieser Vorsprung 15 erstreckt sich dabei zumindest im Bereich der zugehörigen Längsnut 10 in Umfangsrichtung 3 sowie radial. Vorzugsweise erstreckt sich der Vorsprung 15 über die gesamte radiale Höhe des ersten Schaufelfußes 6. Komplementär zum Vorsprung 15 weist die andere oder zweite Schaufel 2 an ihrem Schaufelfuß 7 eine stufenförmige Ausnehmung 16 auf, in die der Vorsprung 15 im gezeigten montierten Zustand eingreift. Dabei ragt der Vorsprung 16 in Umfangsrichtung 3 in die Ausnehmung 16 hinein.The one or first blade 1 has at its blade root 6 on a projection 15 which projects in the circumferential direction 3 from the first blade root 6. This projection 15 extends at least in the region of the associated longitudinal groove 10 in the circumferential direction 3 and radially. Preferably, the projection 15 extends over the entire radial height of the first blade root 6. Complementary to the projection 15, the other or second blade 2 at its blade root 7 a stepped recess 16, in which the projection 15 engages in the illustrated assembled state. In this case, the projection 16 projects into the recess 16 in the circumferential direction 3.

Die Spaltdichtung 9 umfasst nun außerdem eine Quernut 17, die in den Vorsprung 15 eingearbeitet ist, und zwar so, dass sie sich in der Umfangsrichtung 3 erstreckt und zum Spalt 8 hin offen ist. Dabei ist die Quernut 17 auf Höhe der Längsnuten 10, 11 positioniert. Dementsprechend kann das Dichtelement 12 mit einer dem Vorsprung 15 zugewandten Stirnseite 18 axial in die Quernut 17 eingreifen. Die so gebildete Spaltdichtung 9 zeichnet sich durch eine erhöhte Dichtungswirkung aus.The gap seal 9 now also comprises a transverse groove 17, which is incorporated in the projection 15, in such a way that it extends in the circumferential direction 3 and the gap 8 is open. The transverse groove 17 is positioned at the height of the longitudinal grooves 10, 11. Accordingly, the sealing element 12 can engage axially with a projection 15 facing end face 18 in the transverse groove 17. The thus formed gap seal 9 is characterized by an increased sealing effect.

Die Quernut 17 ist zweckmäßig so ausgestaltet, dass sie unmittelbar in die erste Längsnut 10 übergeht. Die zweite Längsnut 11 ist im Bereich der Ausnehmung 16 stirnseitig offen, also axial offen. Der Vorsprung 15 ist zweckmäßig in der Umfangsrichtung 3 so dimensioniert, dass er das stirnseitig offene Ende der zweiten Längsnut 11 in der Aussparung 16 überlappt. Bevorzugt ist dabei die Dimensionierung des Vorsprungs 15 so auf die zweite Längsnut 11 abgestimmt, dass der Vorsprung 15 die Ausnehmung 16 so weit überlappt, dass die Quernut 17 an beiden stirnseitigen Enden geschlossen ausgestaltet sein kann. Im gezeigten Beispiel bildet der Vorsprung 15 in einem der zweiten Schaufel 2 zugewandten stirnseitigen Endbereich der Quernut 17 einen Verschluss dieses stirnseitigen Endes der Quernut 17. Somit kann eine Leckage durch die Quernut 17 vermieden werden.The transverse groove 17 is expediently designed such that it merges directly into the first longitudinal groove 10. The second longitudinal groove 11 is in the region of the recess 16 frontally open, so axially open. The projection 15 is expedient in the circumferential direction 3 dimensioned so that it is the frontally open end of the second longitudinal groove 11 overlaps in the recess 16. Preferably, the dimensioning of the projection 15 is matched to the second longitudinal groove 11, that the projection 15, the recess 16 overlaps so far that the transverse groove 17 may be configured to be closed at both front ends. In the example shown, the projection 15 in one of the second blade 2 facing end-side end portion of the transverse groove 17 forms a closure of this end face of the transverse groove 17. Thus, leakage through the transverse groove 17 can be avoided.

Bevorzugt ist die hier gezeigte Ausführungsform, bei welcher die Ausnehmung 16 und der Vorsprung 15 so aufeinander abgestimmt sind, dass der Vorsprung 15 im gezeigten montierten Zustand innerhalb der Ausnehmung 16 am zweiten Schaufelfuß 7 axial anliegt. Bevorzugt wird hierbei eine großflächige und dadurch dichte Anlage zwischen Vorsprung 15 und zweitem Schaufelfuß 7. Somit können auch Leckagen durch eine Umströmung des Vorsprungs 15 innerhalb der Ausnehmung 16 reduziert werden. Des Weiteren kann die Quernut 17 somit auch nahtlos in die zweite Längsnut 11 übergehen.Preferably, the embodiment shown here, in which the recess 16 and the projection 15 are coordinated so that the projection 15 axially abuts in the mounted state shown within the recess 16 on the second blade root 7. Preference is given here to a large-scale and thus tight contact between the projection 15 and the second blade root 7. Thus, leaks can be reduced by a flow around the projection 15 within the recess 16. Furthermore, the transverse groove 17 can thus also merge seamlessly into the second longitudinal groove 11.

Bevorzugt ist eine Ausführungsform, bei welcher die Quernut 17 hinsichtlich ihrer Nuttiefe und das Dichtelement 12 hinsichtlich seiner axialen Erstreckung so aufeinander abgestimmt sind, dass das Dichtelement 12 auch dann noch mit seiner Stirnseite 18 hinreichend tief in die Quernut 17 eingreifen kann, um eine gewünschte Dichtungswirkung gewährleisten zu können, wenn die im Rahmen der Herstellung zu erwartenden üblichen Herstellungstoleranzen sowie die im Betrieb der Turbomaschine zu erwartenden üblichen thermischen Ausdehnungsvorgänge Extremwerte aufweisen und sich ungünstig aufaddieren.Preferred is an embodiment in which the transverse groove 17 with respect to their groove depth and the sealing element 12 are matched with respect to its axial extent to one another so that the sealing element 12 can still engage with its end face 18 sufficiently deep into the transverse groove 17 to a desired sealing effect to be able to guarantee if the usual manufacturing tolerances to be expected in the production and the usual thermal expansion processes to be expected during operation of the turbomachine have extreme values and unfavorably add up.

Die hier vorgeschlagene Spaltdichtung 9 kann somit für übliche Herstellungstoleranzen und thermische Ausdehnungsvorgänge auch im Bereich der Stirnseite 18 eine hinreichende Abdichtung des Spalts 9 bewirken.The proposed gap seal 9 can thus cause a sufficient sealing of the gap 9 for usual manufacturing tolerances and thermal expansion processes in the region of the end face 18.

Es ist klar, dass die beiden Schaufeln 1, 2 grundsätzlich identisch sein können, so dass auch die zweite Schaufel 2 an ihrer von der ersten Schaufel 1 abgewandten Seite ebenfalls einen derartigen Vorsprung 15 aufweist, der dann wiederum in eine Ausnehmung 16 eingreift, die an der in Umfangsrichtung 3 auf die zweite Schaufel 2 nachfolgenden weiteren Schaufel ausgebildet ist. Ebenso besitzt die erste Schaufel 1 an ihrem Schaufelfuß 6 an ihrer von der zweiten Schaufel 2 abgewandten Seite eine solche Ausnehmung 6, in die ein Vorsprung 15 eingreift, der an einer in dieser Richtung zur ersten Schaufel 1 benachbarten weiteren Schaufel ausgebildet ist.It is clear that the two blades 1, 2 can be basically identical, so that the second blade 2 on its side facing away from the first blade 1 side also has such a projection 15, which in turn engages in a recess 16, the in the circumferential direction 3 on the second blade 2 subsequent further blade is formed. Likewise, the first blade 1 has on its blade root 6 on its side remote from the second blade 2 side such a recess 6, in which a projection 15 engages, which is formed on an adjacent in this direction to the first blade 1 further blade.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
erste Schaufelfirst shovel
22
zweite Schaufelsecond shovel
33
Umfangsrichtungcircumferentially
44
axiale Richtungaxial direction
55
radiale Richtungradial direction
66
Schaufelfuß von 1Shovel foot from 1
77
Schaufelfuß von 2Shovel foot of 2
88th
Spaltgap
99
Spaltdichtunggap seals
1010
Längsnut von 6Longitudinal groove of 6
1111
Längsnut von 7Longitudinal groove of 7
1212
Dichtelementsealing element
1313
Längsseite von 12Long side of 12
1414
Längsseite von 12Long side of 12
1515
Vorsprunghead Start
1616
Ausnehmungrecess
1717
Quernuttransverse groove
1818
Stirnseite von 12Front side of 12

Claims (6)

Spaltdichtung zur radialen Abdichtung eines sich axial und radial zwischen zwei in Umfangsrichtung (3) benachbarten Schaufeln (1, 2) einer Turbomaschine erstreckenden Spalts (8), - wobei die beiden Schaufeln (1, 2) an ihrem jeweiligen Schaufelfuß (6, 7) jeweils eine sich axial erstreckende, zum Spalt (8) hin offene Längsnut (10, 11) aufweisen, - wobei ein bandförmiges oder streifenförmiges Dichtelement (12) mit seinen Längsseiten (13, 14) in die beiden Längsnuten (10, 11) eingreift und den Spalt (8) überbrückt, - wobei die eine Schaufel (1) an ihrem Schaufelfuß (6) einen vom Schaufelfuß (6) in Umfangsrichtung (3) abstehenden Vorsprung (15) aufweist, der sich zumindest im Bereich der jeweiligen Längsnut (10) in Umfangsrichtung (3) und radial erstreckt und dabei ein axiales Längsende des Spalts (8) überbrückt, - wobei die andere Schaufel (2) an ihrem Schaufelfuß (7) komplementär zum Vorsprung (15) der einen Schaufel (1) eine stufenförmige Ausnehmung (16) aufweist, in die der Vorsprung (15) eingreift, - wobei der Vorsprung (15) eine sich in Umfangsrichtung (3) erstreckende, zum Spalt (8) hin offene Quernut (17) aufweist, - wobei das Dichtelement (12) mit einer Stirnseite (18) in die Quernut (17) eingreift. Gap seal for the radial sealing of a gap (8) extending axially and radially between two blades (1, 2) of a turbomachine that are adjacent in the circumferential direction (3), - wherein the two blades (1, 2) each have at their respective blade root (6, 7) an axially extending, to the gap (8) open longitudinal groove (10, 11), - Wherein a band-shaped or strip-shaped sealing element (12) engages with its longitudinal sides (13, 14) in the two longitudinal grooves (10, 11) and bridges the gap (8), - Wherein one blade (1) at its blade root (6) has a projecting from the blade root (6) in the circumferential direction (3) projection (15), at least in the region of the respective longitudinal groove (10) in the circumferential direction (3) and radially extends while bridging an axial longitudinal end of the gap (8), - Wherein the other blade (2) at its blade root (7) complementary to the projection (15) of a blade (1) has a stepped recess (16) into which engages the projection (15), - wherein the projection (15) has a in the circumferential direction (3) extending, the gap (8) open transverse groove (17), - Wherein the sealing element (12) engages with an end face (18) in the transverse groove (17). Spaltdichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, - dass die Längsnut (11) der anderen Schaufel (2) in der Ausnehmung (16) stirnseitig offen endet, - dass der Vorsprung (15) in Umfangsrichtung (3) so dimensioniert ist, dass er das stirnseitige offene Ende der Längsnut (11) der anderen Schaufel (2) in der Ausnehmung (16) überlappt. Gap seal according to claim 1,
characterized, - That the longitudinal groove (11) of the other blade (2) in the recess (16) ends open frontally, - That the projection (15) in the circumferential direction (3) is dimensioned so that it overlaps the frontal open end of the longitudinal groove (11) of the other blade (2) in the recess (16). Spaltdichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Quernut (17) an ihren stirnseitigen Enden geschlossen ist.Gap seal according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the transverse groove (17) is closed at its front ends. Spaltdichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Vorsprung (15) und die Ausnehmung (16) so aufeinander abgestimmt sind, dass der Vorsprung (15) in der Ausnehmung (16) axial am Schaufelfuß (7) der anderen Schaufel (2) anliegt.Gap seal according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
in that the projection (15) and the recess (16) are matched to one another such that the projection (15) in the recess (16) rests axially on the blade root (7) of the other blade (2). Spaltdichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, - dass die Schaufeln (1, 2) Laufschaufeln eines Rotors der Turbomaschine sind, oder - dass die Schaufeln (1, 2) Leitschaufeln eines Stators der Turbomaschine sind. Gap seal according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized, - That the blades (1, 2) are blades of a rotor of the turbomachine, or - That the blades (1, 2) are vanes of a stator of the turbomachine. Spaltdichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Quernut (17) und das Dichtelement (12) so dimensioniert und aufeinander abgestimmt sind, dass das Dichtelement (12) mit seiner Stirnseite (18) bei allen zu erwartenden üblichen Herstellungstoleranzen und thermischen Ausdehnungsvorgängen hinreichend tief in die Quernut (17) eingreifen kann, um die gewünschte Dichtungswirkung zu erzielen.Gap seal according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized,
are that the transverse groove (17) and the sealing element (12) is dimensioned and matched to one another that the sealing element (12) with its end face (18) can engage sufficiently deep in the transverse groove (17) at all expected usual manufacturing tolerances and thermal expansion processes to achieve the desired sealing effect.
EP08153316A 2007-04-05 2008-03-26 Gap seal for airfoils of a turbomachine Active EP1995413B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH5732007 2007-04-05

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EP1995413A1 true EP1995413A1 (en) 2008-11-26
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ID=38457915

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EP (1) EP1995413B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5094510B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE466169T1 (en)
DE (1) DE502008000588D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2345303T3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US8043050B2 (en) 2011-10-25
JP2008255989A (en) 2008-10-23
EP1995413B1 (en) 2010-04-28
ATE466169T1 (en) 2010-05-15
JP5094510B2 (en) 2012-12-12
US20080247867A1 (en) 2008-10-09
ES2345303T3 (en) 2010-09-20
DE502008000588D1 (en) 2010-06-10

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