EP1989605B1 - Electronic device for regulating the voltage across a high-side load - Google Patents

Electronic device for regulating the voltage across a high-side load Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1989605B1
EP1989605B1 EP07711183A EP07711183A EP1989605B1 EP 1989605 B1 EP1989605 B1 EP 1989605B1 EP 07711183 A EP07711183 A EP 07711183A EP 07711183 A EP07711183 A EP 07711183A EP 1989605 B1 EP1989605 B1 EP 1989605B1
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Prior art keywords
voltage
transistor
base
emitter
resistor
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Expired - Fee Related
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EP07711183A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1989605A1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Zametzky
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Sitronic Gesellschaft fuer Elektrotechnische Ausruestung mbH and Co KG
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Sitronic Gesellschaft fuer Elektrotechnische Ausruestung mbH and Co KG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
    • G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F3/00—Non-retroactive systems for regulating electric variables by using an uncontrolled element, or an uncontrolled combination of elements, such element or such combination having self-regulating properties
    • G05F3/02—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F3/08—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is dc
    • G05F3/10—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is dc using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics
    • G05F3/16—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is dc using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices
    • G05F3/20—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is dc using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices using diode- transistor combinations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electronic device for regulating the voltage across a high-side load, in particular for controlling a fan in a motor vehicle.
  • control device An important basic function of the control device is the regulation of the motor voltage as a function of a control signal.
  • This control signal can be an analog control voltage, an analog control current or be a digital signal.
  • Control units for blowers according to the prior art teach internally control currents and digital control signals in a control voltage, so that in principle there is always a control loop that controls the motor voltage in response to a control voltage.
  • FIG. 2 Known linear control devices for blowers generally use the in FIG. 2 illustrated circuit topology.
  • a vehicle battery V2 supplies the power supply for the entire arrangement.
  • V1 supplies the control voltage.
  • U mot is the motor voltage.
  • An operational amplifier U1A sets its output voltage and thus the gate-source voltage of the Mostransistors M1 so that U + is approximately equal to U-.
  • U mot is largely independent of V2.
  • the operational amplifier regulates on-board voltage fluctuations.
  • V1 0.
  • the current consumption Ib of the arrangement is referred to as quiescent current and should be as low as possible in order not to discharge the battery V2.
  • Ib I1 + I2 + I3.
  • I3 can be kept at a very low level by using an ultra low power opamp.
  • the invention is based on the object to develop a control device that allows to use even at low quiescent current comparatively low-resistance resistors, with thermal influences to the reference variable to be compensated.
  • the invention enables the construction of a control device, in particular for a fan with comparatively few discrete components.
  • the control device is characterized by good control behavior and an extremely low quiescent current consumption.
  • the compensation of the temperature influences of the base-emitter voltage of the first transistor is effected by the base-emitter path of a second transistor of the same conductivity type in series with the first transistor.
  • control voltage V1 which is referred to ground
  • the control voltage V1 does not in this arrangement, as in the circuit diagram of the known control device (see FIG. 2 ), ground-related to the control amplifier, but mirrored to the positive supply voltage.
  • the input voltages U + and U- of the control operation amplifier are not as in FIG. 2 , to ground, but based on the positive potential of the supply voltage V2.
  • the control voltage V1 is applied to the base of a common-emitter transistor Q1.
  • the voltage U- now approximates the input voltage V1 amplified by R2 / R1.
  • V1 is related to ground, U- to the positive potential of V2. Due to the arrangement, V1 is therefore mirrored from the ground reference potential to the positive supply potential.
  • U mot V 1 ⁇ R 3 + R 4 R 3 and thus independent of V2.
  • the quiescent current of the circuit can be given only by the quiescent current of the regulator U1A.
  • I1 and I2 do not burden battery V2 in idle mode.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
  • Continuous-Control Power Sources That Use Transistors (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Voltage And Current In General (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektronische Einrichtung zur Regelung der Spannung über einer sich in High-Side befindlichen Last, insbesondere zur Regelung eines Gebläses in einem Kraftfahrzeug.The invention relates to an electronic device for regulating the voltage across a high-side load, in particular for controlling a fan in a motor vehicle.

Derartige Regeleinrichtungen sind durch ihre Verwendung in Kraftfahrzeugen allgemein bekannt.Such control devices are well known by their use in motor vehicles.

Durch die JP 01302409 AA oder die DE 2708021 C3 ist eine elektronische Regeleinrichtung bekannt geworden, bei der eine auf die positive High-Side-Versorgungsspannung bezogene Steuerspannung als Führungsgröße für die Regelung dient.By the JP 01302409 AA or the DE 2708021 C3 An electronic control device has become known in which a control voltage related to the positive high-side supply voltage serves as a reference variable for the control.

Eine wichtige Grundfunktion der Regeleinrichtung stellt die Regelung der Motorspannung in Abhängigkeit von einem Steuersignal dar. Dieses Steuersignal kann eine analoge Steuerspannung, ein analoger Steuerstrom oder ein digitales Signal sein. Regeleinrichtungen für Gebläse nach der Lehre des Stands der Technik setzen intern Steuerströme und digitale Steuersignale in eine Steuerspannung um, sodass im Prinzip immer ein Regelkreis vorliegt, der die Motorspannung in Abhängigkeit von einer Steuerspannung regelt.An important basic function of the control device is the regulation of the motor voltage as a function of a control signal. This control signal can be an analog control voltage, an analog control current or be a digital signal. Control units for blowers according to the prior art teach internally control currents and digital control signals in a control voltage, so that in principle there is always a control loop that controls the motor voltage in response to a control voltage.

Bekannte lineare Regeleinrichtungen für Gebläse verwenden im Allgemeinen die in Figur 2 dargestellte Schaltungstopologie. Eine Fahrzeugbatterie V2 liefert die Stromversorgung für die gesamte Anordnung. V1 liefert die Steuerspannung. Umot ist die Motorspannung. Ein Operationsverstärker U1A stellt seine Ausgangsspannung und damit die Gate-Source-Spannung des Mostransistors M1 so ein, dass U+ näherungsweise gleich U- wird. Die Anordnung kann durch entsprechende Gleichungen beschrieben werden. Wählt man R1/R2 = R3/R4, so ergibt sich für Steuerspannung V1 und Motorspannung Umot folgender Zusammenhang: U mot = V 1 ⋅ R 2 R 1

Figure imgb0001
Known linear control devices for blowers generally use the in FIG. 2 illustrated circuit topology. A vehicle battery V2 supplies the power supply for the entire arrangement. V1 supplies the control voltage. U mot is the motor voltage. An operational amplifier U1A sets its output voltage and thus the gate-source voltage of the Mostransistors M1 so that U + is approximately equal to U-. The arrangement may be described by corresponding equations. If we choose R1 / R2 = R3 / R4, the result for the control voltage V1 and the motor voltage U mot following relationship: U mot = V 1 ⋅ R 2 R 1
Figure imgb0001

Eine wesentliche Forderung an eine Regeleinrichtung für ein Gebläse ist die Ausregelung von Bordspannungsschwankungen. Umot sollte unabhängig von V2 sein. Dies gilt nur dann, wenn R1/R2 = R3/R4 ist. Das Verhalten der Regeleinrichtung gemäß Figur 2 ist daher bei Bordspannungsschwankungen dV2 von der Paarungstoleranz der Spannungsteiler R1/R2 und R3/R4 abhängig.An essential requirement of a control device for a fan is the regulation of on-board voltage fluctuations. U mot should be independent of Be V2. This only applies if R1 / R2 = R3 / R4. The behavior of the control device according to FIG. 2 is therefore dependent on the mating tolerance of the voltage divider R1 / R2 and R3 / R4 for on-board voltage fluctuations dV2.

Der Zusammenhang Umot = f(V1) wird, ideale Bauteile und ideale Paarungstoleranz R1/R2 = R3/R4 vorausgesetzt, nur durch das Widerstandsverhältnis R1/R2 bestimmt. Umot ist weitgehend unabhängig von V2. Der Operationsverstärker regelt Bordspannungsschwankungen aus.The relationship U mot = f (V1), assuming ideal components and ideal mating tolerance R1 / R2 = R3 / R4, is determined only by the resistance ratio R1 / R2. U mot is largely independent of V2. The operational amplifier regulates on-board voltage fluctuations.

Im Standby-Betrieb ist V1 = 0. Die Stromaufnahme Ib der Anordnung wird in diesem Fall als Ruhestrom bezeichnet und sollte so gering wie möglich sein, um die Batterie V2 nicht zu entladen.In standby mode, V1 = 0. In this case, the current consumption Ib of the arrangement is referred to as quiescent current and should be as low as possible in order not to discharge the battery V2.

Im Fall V1 = 0 ist Umot = 0 und somit auch Id = 0 (moderne Mosfets weisen sehr kleine Sperrströme auf). Demnach ist Ib = I1 + I2 + I3. I3 kann durch die Verwendung eines Ultra-Low-Power-Opamps auf sehr niedrigem Niveau gehalten werden.In the case V1 = 0, U mot = 0 and thus also Id = 0 (modern MOSFETs have very small reverse currents). Thus, Ib = I1 + I2 + I3. I3 can be kept at a very low level by using an ultra low power opamp.

Möchte man aus Kostengründen auf einen Verguss der Reglerelektronik verzichten, so ist ein Einsatz hochohmiger Widerstände problematisch. Betauung und die damit verbundenen Verunreinigungen auf der Platinenoberfläche, die im Fahrzeug auftreten, führen zu Kriechströmen, welche die Funktion hochohmig dimensionierter Schaltkreise beeinflussen. R1 bis R4 können daher nicht beliebig hochohmig gemacht werden. Somit belasten I1 und I2 die Batterie im Standby- Betrieb.If, for reasons of cost, one wishes to forego encapsulation of the controller electronics, it is problematic to use high-resistance resistors. Condensation and the associated impurities on the Board surfaces that occur in the vehicle lead to leakage currents, which influence the function of high-impedance sized circuits. R1 to R4 can therefore not be made arbitrarily high impedance. Thus, I1 and I2 charge the battery in standby mode.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Regeleinrichtung zu entwickeln, die es erlaubt, auch bei geringer Ruhestromaufnahme vergleichsweise niederohmige Widerstände zu verwenden, wobei thermische Einflüsse auf die Führungsgröße kompensiert werden sollen.The invention is based on the object to develop a control device that allows to use even at low quiescent current comparatively low-resistance resistors, with thermal influences to the reference variable to be compensated.

Die Aufgabe wird durch eine Regeleinrichtung gemäß Patentanspruch 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Patentansprüchen 2 bis 4 enthalten.The object is achieved by a control device according to claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are contained in the claims 2 to 4.

Die Erfindung ermöglicht den Aufbau einer Regeleinrichtung insbesondere für ein Gebläse mit vergleichsweise wenigen diskreten Bauteilen. Die Regeleinrichtung zeichnet sich durch gutes Regelverhalten und eine extrem kleine Ruhestromaufnahme aus. Die Kompensation der Temperatureinflüsse der Basis-Emitterspannung des ersten Transistors erfolgt durch die Basis-Emitter-Strecke eines zweiten Transistors vom gleichen Leitfähigkeitstyp in Serie zum ersten Transistor.The invention enables the construction of a control device, in particular for a fan with comparatively few discrete components. The control device is characterized by good control behavior and an extremely low quiescent current consumption. The compensation of the temperature influences of the base-emitter voltage of the first transistor is effected by the base-emitter path of a second transistor of the same conductivity type in series with the first transistor.

Ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellt und wird anhand der Figur der Zeichnung nachfolgend erläutert. Es zeigt:

Figur 1
einen Stromlaufplan einer erfindungsgemäßen Regeleinrichtung;
Figur 2
einen Stromlaufplan einer bekannten Regeleinrichtung.
A preferred embodiment of the invention is shown schematically in the drawing and will be explained with reference to the figure of the drawing below. It shows:
FIG. 1
a circuit diagram of a control device according to the invention;
FIG. 2
a circuit diagram of a known control device.

Gemäß Figur 1 wird die Steuerspannung V1, welche auf Masse bezogen ist, in dieser Anordnung nicht, wie bei dem Stromlaufplan der bekannten Regeleinrichtung (siehe Figur 2), massebezogen an den Regelverstärker gelegt, sondern zur positiven Versorgungsspannung gespiegelt. Die Eingangsspannungen U+ und U- des Regeloperationsverstärkers sind nicht, wie in Figur 2, auf Masse, sondern auf das positive Potential der Versorgungsspannung V2 bezogen.According to FIG. 1 In this arrangement, the control voltage V1, which is referred to ground, does not in this arrangement, as in the circuit diagram of the known control device (see FIG. 2 ), ground-related to the control amplifier, but mirrored to the positive supply voltage. The input voltages U + and U- of the control operation amplifier are not as in FIG. 2 , to ground, but based on the positive potential of the supply voltage V2.

Die Steuerspannung V1 wird der Basis eines in Emitterschaltung betrieben Transistors Q1 zugeführt. In dessen Emitterkreis wird ein Widerstand R1 und in dessen Kollektorkreis ein Widerstand R2 und in Reihe zu diesem die Basis-Emitterdiode eines weiteren Transistors Q2 geschaltet. Die Spannung U-, die über R2 und Q2 abfällt, ist nun gegeben durch U-=Ube(Q2) + R2/R1 *(V1-Ube(Ql)). Die Spannung U- entspricht nun genähert der um R2/R1 verstärkten Eingangsspannung V1.The control voltage V1 is applied to the base of a common-emitter transistor Q1. In the emitter circuit, a resistor R1 and in the collector circuit, a resistor R2 and in series to this the Base emitter diode of another transistor Q2 connected. The voltage U- which drops across R2 and Q2 is now given by U = Ube (Q2) + R2 / R1 * (V1-Ube (Q1)). The voltage U- now approximates the input voltage V1 amplified by R2 / R1.

Wählt man R1 = R2 und Q1 / Q2 mit gepaarten Eigenschaften, so ist U- ein exaktes Abbild von V1. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, die beiden Transistoren Q1 und Q2 thermisch zu koppeln, dann ist die Bedingung Ube(Q1) = Ube(Q2) auch bei Temperaturschwankungen in guter Näherung erfüllt. V1 ist auf Masse, U- auf das positive Potential von V2 bezogen. Durch die Anordnung wird V1 daher vom Massebezugspotential auf das positive Versorgungspotential gespiegelt.If one selects R1 = R2 and Q1 / Q2 with paired properties, then U- is an exact image of V1. It is particularly advantageous to couple the two transistors Q1 and Q2 thermally, then the condition Ube (Q1) = Ube (Q2) is satisfied even with temperature fluctuations to a good approximation. V1 is related to ground, U- to the positive potential of V2. Due to the arrangement, V1 is therefore mirrored from the ground reference potential to the positive supply potential.

Die beiden Eingangspannungen des Reglers U1A können auf die positive Versorgungsspannung U2 bezogen sein. Damit, ist Umot gemäß dem Stromlaufplan nach Figur 1 : U mot = V 1 ⋅ R 3 + R 4 R 3

Figure imgb0002

und somit unabhängig von V2.The two input voltages of the regulator U1A can be related to the positive supply voltage U2. Thus, U mot is according to the circuit diagram after FIG. 1 : U mot = V 1 ⋅ R 3 + R 4 R 3
Figure imgb0002
and thus independent of V2.

Widerstandspaarungstoleranzen gehen bei der Beziehung dUmot = f(dV2) im Gegensatz zum Stromlaufplan gemäß Figur 2 nicht ein.Resistance pairing tolerances follow the relationship dU mot = f (dV2) as opposed to the circuit diagram FIG. 2 not a.

Nach der Lehre der Erfindung werden daher Bordspannungsschwankungen besser aus geregelt.According to the teachings of the invention, on-board voltage fluctuations are better controlled from.

Der Ruhestrom der Schaltung kann nur durch den Ruhestrom des Reglers U1A gegeben sein. Im Fall V1 = 0 sperrt Q1. Daraus folgt I1 = 0, U- = U+ =0, Id = 0, 12 = 0 und Ib = 13.The quiescent current of the circuit can be given only by the quiescent current of the regulator U1A. In the case of V1 = 0, Q1 blocks. It follows that I1 = 0, U- = U + = 0, Id = 0, 12 = 0 and Ib = 13.

Selbst bei niederohmiger Dimensionierung belasten I1 und I2 die Batterie V2 im Ruhebetrieb nicht.Even with low-impedance sizing, I1 and I2 do not burden battery V2 in idle mode.

Claims (4)

  1. Electronic control device for regulating the voltage across a high-side load, in particular for controlling a fan in a motor vehicle, having a control voltage (V1) which is referred to system ground and which is mirrored on to the positive high-side supply voltage,
    - the control voltage (V1) being fed to the base of a first transistor (Q1) which is operated in a common-emitter connection and which has a first resistor (R1) in the emitter circuit and a second resistor (R2) in the collector circuit and, in series with the latter, the base-emitter diode of a second transistor (Q2);
    - the second transistor (Q2) being of the same conductivity type as the first transistor (Q1);
    - the first and second transistors (Q1, Q2) being matched-parameter, thermally coupled transistors of the same conduction type;
    - the base-emitter diode of the second transistor (Q2) compensating for effects of the base-emitter diode of the first transistor (Q1), by which means the voltage drop across the series circuit comprising the base-emitter path of the second transistor (Q2) and the second resistor (R2) is a defined image of the voltage drop across the series circuit comprising the base-emitter path of the first transistor (Q1) and the first resistor (R1);
    - the voltage drop across the series circuit comprising the base-emitter path of the second transistor (Q2) and the second resistor (R2) serving as a reference variable for the regulation.
  2. Control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the input voltages supplied to the controller (U1A) are referenced to the positive supply potential from which the load is fed.
  3. Control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the event of supply voltage fluctuations, the regulation of the load voltage is independent of resistance matching.
  4. Control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arrangement has a quiescent current consumption which is independent of the dimensioning of the resistors (R1 to R4).
EP07711183A 2006-02-25 2007-02-14 Electronic device for regulating the voltage across a high-side load Expired - Fee Related EP1989605B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006008839A DE102006008839B4 (en) 2006-02-25 2006-02-25 Electronic device for regulating the voltage across a high-side load
PCT/DE2007/000268 WO2007095898A1 (en) 2006-02-25 2007-02-14 Electronic device for regulating the voltage across a high-side load

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EP1989605A1 EP1989605A1 (en) 2008-11-12
EP1989605B1 true EP1989605B1 (en) 2010-06-30

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US (1) US8050544B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1989605B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5090376B2 (en)
KR (1) KR20080096676A (en)
DE (1) DE102006008839B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2007095898A1 (en)

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DE102007054191A1 (en) 2007-11-14 2009-05-28 Sitronic Gesellschaft für elektrotechnische Ausrüstung mbH. & Co. KG Electronic control device

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2130847A1 (en) * 1971-06-22 1972-12-28 Grundig Emv Arrangement to turn the pole
US3851235A (en) * 1973-12-26 1974-11-26 Ford Motor Co Bridge circuit for controlling a direct current motor
US4079308A (en) * 1977-01-31 1978-03-14 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Resistor ratio circuit construction
DE2708021C3 (en) * 1977-02-24 1984-04-19 Eurosil GmbH, 8000 München Circuit arrangement in integrated CMOS technology for regulating the supply voltage for a load
JPS58107921A (en) 1981-12-22 1983-06-27 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Current supply device
DE3342031B4 (en) * 1982-11-23 2005-01-13 Papst Licensing Gmbh & Co. Kg Circuit arrangement for speed control of an electric motor
JPH01302409A (en) * 1988-05-30 1989-12-06 Nec Ic Microcomput Syst Ltd Power source circuit
EP0952663B1 (en) * 1998-04-23 2007-11-21 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Driving circuit for oscillatory actuator
DE10111913C2 (en) * 2001-03-13 2003-07-31 Semikron Elektronik Gmbh Switching voltage converter
DE102007035369A1 (en) * 2007-07-27 2009-02-05 Sitronic Ges. für elektrotechnische Ausrüstung GmbH & Co. KG Circuit arrangement for temperature-dependent load current control
DE102007054191A1 (en) * 2007-11-14 2009-05-28 Sitronic Gesellschaft für elektrotechnische Ausrüstung mbH. & Co. KG Electronic control device

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JP2009528007A (en) 2009-07-30
US20090148140A1 (en) 2009-06-11
JP5090376B2 (en) 2012-12-05
DE102006008839B4 (en) 2007-12-27
KR20080096676A (en) 2008-10-31
EP1989605A1 (en) 2008-11-12
DE102006008839A1 (en) 2007-09-27
US8050544B2 (en) 2011-11-01
WO2007095898A1 (en) 2007-08-30

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