EP1979714A2 - Dispositif electronique de comptage du nombre de rotations d'un objet avec des moyens de memorisation - Google Patents
Dispositif electronique de comptage du nombre de rotations d'un objet avec des moyens de memorisationInfo
- Publication number
- EP1979714A2 EP1979714A2 EP07730883A EP07730883A EP1979714A2 EP 1979714 A2 EP1979714 A2 EP 1979714A2 EP 07730883 A EP07730883 A EP 07730883A EP 07730883 A EP07730883 A EP 07730883A EP 1979714 A2 EP1979714 A2 EP 1979714A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- counting
- information
- storage means
- rotations
- code
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D4/00—Tariff metering apparatus
- G01D4/02—Details
- G01D4/04—Resetting-mechanisms, e.g. for indicating members
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electronic device for counting the number of rotations of an object with storage means.
- the number of rotations of the object is stored in the form of counting information, for example in a memory of the device.
- this solution bases its control function (that is to say of correct follow-up of the mechanical system) on the accuracy of the stored counting information and is therefore vulnerable when this information risks to be altered, for example by a fraudster who would seek to reduce (or to cancel) the number of laps stored by the device.
- the invention proposes an electronic device for counting the number of rotations of an object in a repository, in which a memory means retains counting information intended to represent the number of rotations counted at each instant, characterized by conditional reset means of the storage means capable of resetting the storage means if and only if at least two distinct conditions are fulfilled, at least one of the conditions being the reception of a piece of information. an external device. Means are thus provided to ensure (in normal times) the absence of reset of the storage means from a predetermined time, and therefore means to ensure that the count information is representative of the number of rotations counted since that time. predetermined time, since resetting simultaneously requires two distinct conditions.
- the system is however also flexible thanks to the use of an external condition.
- the counting information can thus be used to track the number of rotations since the predetermined time with a better degree of certainty. This avoids, for example, the use of the counting information for monitoring the number of rotations since the predetermined time after an untimely reset (voluntary or not) of the storage means.
- reset in the general sense, namely any modification to an earlier value of the stored information, even if this value is not zero.
- a first of said conditions can consist in receiving said request, for example from the external device.
- a second of said conditions may consist in the application of a predetermined voltage on a pin of the microcircuit.
- a second embodiment possibly combinable with the first, it also assures the absence of reset from the predetermined time, by means of counting the number of resets of the storage means.
- the counting means are for example able to store the number of resets in a non-volatile memory, which keeps the number even in case of power failure of the device.
- the transmission means are able, for example, to issue information relating to the number of resets, which allows this information to be followed from the outside.
- the device may also include means for initializing the device able to reset the storage means at said predetermined time, according to a normal and authorized operating procedure.
- the initialization means are for example able to memorize a predetermined code in a first part of a random access memory, while a second part of the random access memory can form the storage means.
- a third embodiment possibly compatible with at least one of the first two, it ensures the absence of zeroing by means of checking the presence of the predetermined code in the first part of RAM.
- Means for transmitting the counting information are then for example able to issue this information only in the case of a positive verification by the verification means, which makes it possible to transmit this information only when its reliability is ensured by the means of verification.
- means for receiving the predetermined code after transmission by an external device can be provided. The code can thus also be stored in the external device during normal operation and transmitted to the counting device during the check for comparison with the code stored in the first portion of RAM.
- FIG. 1 represents the general diagram of a counting device according to the invention
- FIG. 2 represents a detailed example of a part of the device of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 represents the overall frequency behavior of a part of the circuit represented in FIG. 2; - Figure 4 shows the device of Figure 1 and a monitoring device adapted to communicate with it.
- FIG. 1 represents the essential elements of a device for counting the rotations of an object in a reference frame made in accordance with the teachings of the invention.
- This is for example an autonomous device embedded in a tire in order to count the number of wheel turns made by the tire in order to have an indication of its state of wear.
- the counting device shown in Figure 1 comprises a magnetic sensor 2 made in practice by a coil, that is to say a conductive winding formed of a coil or a plurality of turns.
- the signal generated by the sensor 2 is transmitted on the one hand to a counter 8, through a low frequency filter 4 (hereinafter referred to as a filter
- BF and optionally a signal shaping circuit, and secondly to receiving terminals of a microcontroller 10 through a high frequency filter 6 as described in detail below.
- the BF filter 4 is designed to transmit from the magnetic sensor 2 to the counter 8 only the signals representative of the movement to be measured (that is to say here the signals generated, at the rotation frequency of the object, by the rotation magnetic sensor 2 in the Earth's magnetic field). To do this, the BF filter 4 has a high impedance outside the frequency range that corresponds to the measurement signals.
- the signals generated by the rotation in the Earth's magnetic field have frequencies varying between 1 Hz and a few tens of Hz.
- a high impedance of the BF filter 4 is provided from a frequency greater than 100 Hz, for example from 1 kHz.
- the counter 8 has the function of counting the number of alternations in the signal generated by the magnetic sensor 2 due to its rotation in the earth's magnetic field, that is to say in the signal transmitted by the BF filter 4.
- the counter 8 for example counts a predetermined number of alternations (for example 4096 alternations) in the signal that it receives from the filter
- the microcontroller 10 increments an internal register each time the overflow information is received and thus stores the cumulative number of overflow information received, which therefore represents (to a multiplicative factor close to) the number of alternations in the signal coming from the filter BF 4.
- the coil 2 is also connected to a high frequency filter 6 (hereinafter referred to as the HF filter).
- This HF filter 6 is designed to have a high impedance in the frequency ranges of the signals used for the measurement (here for the counting of the rotations), that is to say the signals transmitted from the coil 2 to the counter 8 by the filter BF 4, so that the HF filter 6 transmits from the coil 2 to the receiving terminals of the microcontroller 10 that the signals of higher frequency at a given frequency (for example of the order of 1 kHz), or in a frequency band whose lower limit corresponds to this given frequency.
- a given frequency for example of the order of 1 kHz
- the filter BF 4 and the filter HF 6 therefore have separate bandwidths
- the coil 2 behaves like an electromagnetic antenna.
- an external device typically a device of the electronic system of the vehicle or other device for monitoring the state of wear of the tires
- this wakeup information indicates to the counting device (in practice to its microcontroller 10) that the latter must transmit information representative of the measured cumulative movement (that is to say the number of rotations performed) as described below.
- the counting device of FIG. 1 also comprises a transmitter 12 in electrical connection with the microcontroller 10 and a transmitting antenna 14, for example also made in the form of a conductive winding.
- the microcontroller 10 transmits to the transmitter 12 information to be transmitted. (Such as the cumulative number of overflow information received, which as already indicated is representative of the number of rotations made by the tire).
- the transmitter 12 then transforms this information (for example received by the latter in the form of a bit stream) into electrical signals to be transmitted in the form of an electromagnetic wave by the transmitting antenna 14, for example on a carrier at a transmission frequency (which is 433.92 MHz in the embodiment described here).
- the microcontroller 10 receives measurement information generated by the coil 2 at frequencies where it behaves as a magnetic sensor (measurement information processed by the counter 8), and received information received by the coil 2 in the frequencies where it behaves like an electromagnetic antenna.
- the use of the filter BF 4 and the filter HF 6 makes it possible to limit the transmission of the signals, respectively to the counter and to the reception terminals of the microcontroller 10, to the only frequency ranges that are useful in each case, that is to say respectively the frequencies where the signals or measurement information (generally below 100 Hz) appear and the reception frequencies of the radio frequency signals, that is to say typically between 10 kHz and 1 MHz.
- the coil 2 simultaneously plays the roles of magnetic sensor and electromagnetic antenna, but this does not imply a problem for the operation of the circuit (such as for example possible problems of interference between these two functions).
- the microcontroller 10 is also connected to a rewritable non-volatile memory 16 (for example of the EEPROM type, a name coming from the English "Electrically Erasable and Programmable Read OnYy Memory").
- This non-volatile memory 16 makes it possible, for example, to store information relating to the number of resets that the counting device has undergone, which constitutes, as explained below, a measure of protection against possible fraud attempts on the number of rounds counted.
- the reset of the number of laps counted here is conditional in order to avoid any unwanted reset: the microcontroller 10 initiates an authorized reset procedure of the number of laps counted when the two following conditions are met:
- the external device that transmits the wake up information can also transmit a predetermined number or code which will thus be received by the microcontroller 10 (through the coil 2 and the HF filter 6), then stored by the microcontroller 10 in the memory used for storing the number of revolutions counted (here the RAM formed by the internal registers already mentioned).
- the code could be registered in the microcontroller during its programming, and then be copied into the memory used for storing the number of rounds counted down (RAM) during the authorized reset phase.
- the microcontroller 10 can then check the presence of this information to ensure that the contents of the memory (which includes the number of laps counted) has not been reset or corrupted (for example by a fraudster who wishes to reset the number of turns counted). It can then be provided that the microcontroller 10 triggers the transmission of the information to be transmitted by the transmitter 12 only if it first verifies the presence of the code in the memory.
- the verification of the presence of the code in the memory can for example be carried out by transmitting, from the external device, the code at the same time as the wakeup information already mentioned; the microcontroller 10 can then compare the code received with each alarm information to the code stored in memory during the authorized reset phase and thus verify that the memory has not been tampered with.
- the first part of the electric circuit represented in FIG. 2 makes it possible to perform other functions than those just mentioned, and in particular a shaping of the measurement signals as illustrated in FIG. 1 .
- the coil 2 is represented in the electrical diagram of FIG. 2 by an inductor L1.
- the coil 2 is made by winding several thousand turns (for example between 1000 and 10,000 turns, here 3000 turns) each having a surface of the order of 10 mm 2 and made of insulated copper wire, which gives it an inductance of a few tens of mH. This gives an equivalent surface of the order of a few dm 2 , or even a few tens of dm 2 (for example between 1 dm 2 and 1 m 2 ).
- the turns can be wound on a core with high magnetic permeability, which allows an improvement in the sensitivity corresponding to a multiplication of the equivalent area, for example by a factor of between 1 and 10, here a factor of 6.
- This sizing of the coil allows it to constitute a low frequency magnetic sensor with a sensitivity of the order of 1 V / Tesla to 1
- the dimensioning of the coil 2 also allows it, because of its parasitic capacitance C pa rasite which is about 40 pF, to constitute an electromagnetic antenna sensitive especially around its resonant frequency
- the terminals of the coil 2 are for a first part connected by the series association of a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1 which form a pass filter.
- low F1 with a cutoff frequency of 9 Hz.
- This low-pass filter F1 already allows the transmission of only measurement signals to the subsequent stages of the electronic circuit described below, even if other filters reinforce this effect as also explained below.
- the measured signals are less than 10 Hz.
- the signals After filtering by the low-pass filter F1, the signals (across the capacitor C1) are applied to a shaping stage comprising by an amplifier A, a bandpass filter F and a comparator U1, for example.
- the amplifier may for example have a gain of 100.
- the overall frequency response RFG of the combination of the inductance L1, the low-pass filter F1 and the Shaping stage is located mainly between 0.9 Hz and 9 Hz, which constitutes the characteristic frequency range of the signals to be measured. (These frequencies correspond, for a heavy weight, to speeds of between approximately 10 km / h and 100 km / h.) It is further noted that this overall frequency response RFG is essentially flat over this frequency range; which greatly simplifies the subsequent processing of the signals generated at the output.
- the signals amplified by the amplifier A and transmitted by the band-pass filter F are applied to the comparator U1 which performs a function of detecting alternations of the signal generated by the coil 2 due to its rotations in the earth's magnetic field, after treatment as described above.
- This comparator U1 thus generates counting pulses, in correspondence with each of the alternations of the signal generated by the coil 2, which are transmitted to the counter 8.
- the circuit described above (and in particular the amplifier A) makes it possible to generate at the output of bandpass filter F1 a signal that allows the comparator to trip; it then delivers a logic signal, for example with an amplitude of 3 V, compatible with digital circuits.
- the terminals of the coil 2 are connected for a second part by means of a capacitor C2 (for example of 100 pF) which lowers the resonant frequency of the coil 2 (which has a resonant frequency of the order of 100 kHz as seen above) at about 50 kHz.
- the use of the capacitor C2 also makes it possible to stabilize the resonant frequency of the assembly at this value of 50 kHz, the stray capacitance of the coil 2 (of approximately 40 pF as seen above) not making it possible in practice to obtain a sufficiently stable value of the resonant frequency.
- the signal at the terminals of the inductance L1 - capacitor C2 is transmitted to a transistor T via a capacitor C3 which makes it possible to pass in the direction of the transistor T only the signals at frequencies higher than a determined value .
- the capacitor C3 forms a high-pass filter with a cut-off frequency lower here at 50 kHz and which forms the HF filter of FIG.
- the transistor T becomes conductive and its emitter-collector voltage goes from 3 V to 0 V, which is a wake up information transmitted to the microcontroller 10.
- the counting device is powered by an electric battery, for example a battery delivering a voltage of 3 V VCC available under the reference BR1632A.
- an electric battery for example a battery delivering a voltage of 3 V VCC available under the reference BR1632A.
- the counting device of the number of rotation is generally represented in FIG. 4 under the reference number 20.
- Some of the elements that constitute it namely the coil 2, the microcontroller 10, the transmitting antenna 14 and the non-memory volatile 16) are also diagrammatically shown in FIG. 4 in order to lighten this figure. It will naturally be possible to refer to the preceding figures (in particular FIG. 1) for a detailed description of the constitution of the counting device 20.
- the counting device 20 can interact with an external device 22 (here a device for monitoring the state of wear of the tires, which can be realized in practice in the form of a terminal or a terminal dedicated, or in the form of a device embedded in a vehicle).
- an external device 22 here a device for monitoring the state of wear of the tires, which can be realized in practice in the form of a terminal or a terminal dedicated, or in the form of a device embedded in a vehicle).
- the external device 22 comprises means (typically an antenna) 23 for transmitting an electromagnetic signal to the counting device 20 (and specifically the coil 2 in this device).
- the device outside 22 also comprises means (of the antenna type) 24 for receiving the data transmitted by the counting device 20 by means of its transmitting antenna 14.
- the external device 22 acts for example under the general control of a microprocessor 25.
- the external device 22 may further include a microcircuit card reader 26 connected to the microprocessor 25 and capable of reading data stored on a microcircuit card 27.
- the counting device 20 is for example initialized as follows: number of resets in the life of the device NbRAZ
- the counting device can then possibly undergo displacements and movements, for example during a possible transport thereof before use, which possibly entails the risk of counting (and therefore incrementing) the number of rotations counted. NbRot without correspondence with actual wear of the monitored system.
- Such an authorized reset procedure is for example a conditional procedure which is implemented when two conditions are fulfilled as already described, namely the presence of a predetermined voltage value on a terminal 18 of the microcontroller 10 of the counting device. And receiving wake-up information generated by the external device 22.
- the external device 22 transmits not only the alarm information (which allows under the aforementioned conditions to trigger the authorized reset of the counting device 20), but also a CODE number read for example on the microcircuit card 27 by means of the card reader 26 and thus transmitted on instruction of the microprocessor 25 via the transmitting means 23.
- the microcontroller 10 of the counting device 20 Upon receipt of this number CODE during the delivery phase. zero allowed, the microcontroller 10 of the counting device 20 stores this CODE number in its internal registers (or RAM).
- microcontroller 10 increments the value of the number of resets NbRAZ stored in non-volatile memory 16.
- the counting device 20 can then begin its normal operation, namely mainly to count down the number of rotation and to memorize a NbRot information representative of this number.
- the external device 22 may wish (generally at the request of an operator) to take cognizance of the number counted in the counting device 20 according to the methods already explained with reference to FIG.
- the external device 22 emits, by means of its transmission means 23, a wakeup information and the number CODE already transmitted during the reset of the counting device 20 (that is, in practice the number stored in the microcircuit card associated with the counting device 20).
- the microcontroller 10 Upon receipt of the wakeup information, the microcontroller 10 first verifies the identity of the number it has just received in association with the wakeup information to the number stored in the authorized reset phase, so that to detect a possible loss of data in its internal registers. If there is a difference between the number received and the number stored, it is considered that the internal records have been corrupted (whether by a fraudster or by chance); the information relating to the number of rotations counted is then doubtful and will not be issued: it abstains in this case to activate the transmitter 12.
- the information issuing indicative of the number of rotations NbRot and the number of resets to which the counting device NbRAZ has been subjected is transmitted. destination of the external device 22 and by means of the transmitter 12 and its antenna 14.
- the external device 22 can then verify that the counting device has undergone one and only one reset, which confers a character of reliability to the information indicative of the number of rotations also received.
- the verification that one and only one reset of the counting device 20 has been carried out can be carried out within the metering device itself; here it is also possible to prevent the transmission of information indicative of the number of rotations if such a verification is not positive.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
- Debugging And Monitoring (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0600879A FR2896874B1 (fr) | 2006-01-31 | 2006-01-31 | Dispositif electronique de comptage du nombre de rotations d'un objet avec des moyens de memorisation. |
PCT/FR2007/000165 WO2007088266A2 (fr) | 2006-01-31 | 2007-01-29 | Dispositif electronique de comptage du nombre de rotations |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1979714A2 true EP1979714A2 (fr) | 2008-10-15 |
Family
ID=37072964
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07730883A Withdrawn EP1979714A2 (fr) | 2006-01-31 | 2007-01-29 | Dispositif electronique de comptage du nombre de rotations d'un objet avec des moyens de memorisation |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8044338B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1979714A2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2896874B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2007088266A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2887980B1 (fr) * | 2005-07-01 | 2007-09-28 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Dispositif de comptage des rotations d'un objet dans un referentiel et procede de commande d'un tel dispositif |
US9410990B2 (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2016-08-09 | Deere & Company | Method and sensor for sensing current in a conductor |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2379862A1 (fr) * | 1977-02-07 | 1978-09-01 | Gerst William | Taximetre |
GB2242527A (en) * | 1990-03-28 | 1991-10-02 | Marconi Gec Ltd | A revolution counting system |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3353487A (en) * | 1966-05-11 | 1967-11-21 | Bendix Corp | Device for measuring flight distance of a missile |
US4213119A (en) * | 1976-04-29 | 1980-07-15 | Energy Optics, Inc. | Remote meter reading system providing demand readings and load control from conventional KWH meters |
US4542469A (en) * | 1982-08-12 | 1985-09-17 | Duncan Electric Company, Inc. | Programmable demand register with two way communication through an optical port and external reading devices associated therewith |
US4559637A (en) * | 1983-09-12 | 1985-12-17 | Weber Harold J | Tamper proof digital value accumulator and display method and apparatus |
US5451959A (en) * | 1988-07-08 | 1995-09-19 | Texas Instruments Deutschland Gmbh | Transponder arrangement |
FR2678729B1 (fr) * | 1991-07-04 | 1995-04-21 | Marelli Autronica | Odometre pour vehicule automobile. |
US5500065A (en) * | 1994-06-03 | 1996-03-19 | Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc. | Method for embedding a monitoring device within a tire during manufacture |
AU3392695A (en) | 1994-08-31 | 1996-03-22 | Otter Controls Limited | A tyre condition monitoring system |
DE19620582A1 (de) | 1996-05-22 | 1997-11-27 | Teves Gmbh Alfred | Luftreifen |
US6543279B1 (en) * | 1998-04-14 | 2003-04-08 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Pneumatic tire having transponder and method of measuring pressure within a pneumatic tire |
WO2000002741A1 (fr) * | 1998-07-10 | 2000-01-20 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Compteur de tours de pneumatique a auto-alimentation |
DE19908701B4 (de) | 1999-02-26 | 2005-04-14 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung des Notlaufzustandes eines Luftreifens |
US6772090B2 (en) * | 2001-01-25 | 2004-08-03 | Microchip Technology Incorporated | Apparatus for secure storage of vehicle odometer values and method therefor |
US6591688B2 (en) * | 2001-03-07 | 2003-07-15 | Starr-Johnson | Load sensing by partial magnetic saturation |
DE10117920A1 (de) | 2001-04-10 | 2002-10-24 | Continental Ag | Mess- und Sensor-Verfahren und -Vorrichtung für die autonome Rotationswinkelerkennung |
US6813526B1 (en) * | 2001-08-13 | 2004-11-02 | William A. Dodd, Jr. | Fleet maintenance method |
FR2856145B1 (fr) * | 2003-06-16 | 2005-09-02 | Michelin Soc Tech | Detection des revolutions d'un ensemble pneumatique et roue, a l'aide du champ magnetique terrestre. |
FR2896726B1 (fr) * | 2006-01-31 | 2010-06-04 | Michelin Soc Tech | Pneumatique, roue ou ensemble pneumatique et roue equipes d'un dispositif de comptage du nombre de rotations. |
-
2006
- 2006-01-31 FR FR0600879A patent/FR2896874B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-01-29 WO PCT/FR2007/000165 patent/WO2007088266A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2007-01-29 US US12/162,574 patent/US8044338B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-01-29 EP EP07730883A patent/EP1979714A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2379862A1 (fr) * | 1977-02-07 | 1978-09-01 | Gerst William | Taximetre |
GB2242527A (en) * | 1990-03-28 | 1991-10-02 | Marconi Gec Ltd | A revolution counting system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2896874A1 (fr) | 2007-08-03 |
US8044338B2 (en) | 2011-10-25 |
US20090003510A1 (en) | 2009-01-01 |
WO2007088266A3 (fr) | 2007-10-11 |
WO2007088266A2 (fr) | 2007-08-09 |
FR2896874B1 (fr) | 2008-07-04 |
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