EP1977434A1 - Cage-type surge arrester and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Cage-type surge arrester and method for producing the same

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Publication number
EP1977434A1
EP1977434A1 EP06830827A EP06830827A EP1977434A1 EP 1977434 A1 EP1977434 A1 EP 1977434A1 EP 06830827 A EP06830827 A EP 06830827A EP 06830827 A EP06830827 A EP 06830827A EP 1977434 A1 EP1977434 A1 EP 1977434A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
surge arrester
end fitting
hole
varistor
holes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06830827A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1977434B1 (en
Inventor
Hartmut Klaube
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tridelta Ueberspannungsableiter GmbH
Original Assignee
Tridelta Ueberspannungsableiter GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Tridelta Ueberspannungsableiter GmbH filed Critical Tridelta Ueberspannungsableiter GmbH
Publication of EP1977434A1 publication Critical patent/EP1977434A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
    • H01C7/123—Arrangements for improving potential distribution
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49082—Resistor making

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a surge arrester with cage design as it is known for example from JP 62-149511 (Anmeldunguiruner ⁇ , and a method for
  • surge arresters are connected between current-carrying lines and ground in the case of an overvoltage in the line, thus protecting other components of the power network.
  • a surge arrester contains a stack of varistor blocks, which is held between two connection elements or end fittings. This arrangement is accommodated in a housing.
  • GPP rods glass fiber reinforced plastic rods
  • a problem with such surge arresters is to secure the reinforcing elements to the end fittings, so that even with mechanical stresses, such as those mounted outdoors
  • this problem is solved in that in the end fittings grooves in the stack direction of the varistor blocks are provided, in which the reinforcing elements are inserted and wherein the end of the reinforcing elements is provided with a thread, on which a nut is screwed, which is larger in diameter than the groove in the end fitting, and so holds the reinforcing element substantially by positive engagement.
  • the glass fiber reinforced plastic rods can also be held by pins or screws, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rods to the end fittings.
  • Screwing leads to a concentration of the electric field and the risk of partial discharges.
  • German patent application DE 199 40 939 shows a further possibility to hold the reinforcing elements in the end fittings. This is done in a conical
  • Drill hole of the end fitting used in the direction of the stack center of the varistor blocks tapered sleeve with movable ⁇ eitenofficen, which holds as a clamping sleeve, similar to a wedge, the associated reinforcing element under train firmly by frictional or non-positive connection.
  • the invention has the object, a
  • FIG. 1 is an overall view of a surge arrester with partially cutaway outer casing
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the end fitting of the surge arrester according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a sectional view through an end fitting according to FIG.
  • the surge arrester with a cage design shown in FIG. 1 contains at least one varistor block 1.
  • varistor blocks known ceramic disks with a voltage-dependent resistor (variable resistor) can be used. At low voltages they work as near-perfect insulators, while at high voltages they have good conductivity.
  • commercially available varistor blocks are manufactured on the basis of zinc oxide (ZnO).
  • ZnO zinc oxide
  • the invention is not limited to such zinc oxide surge arresters, and other metal oxides as well as silicon carbide can be used for the varistor block, for example.
  • further blocks, such as metal blocks, or spark gaps may be included in the stack to adapt the length of the surge arrester to the requirements of the particular application.
  • Common varistor blocks 1 are formed as circular cylinders with a diameter of for example 5 cm and a height of about 4 cm. On both sides of the varistor blocks 1 aluminum electrodes not shown in detail are applied to ensure a better contact. It is also customary to lay between the Varistorblöcken 1 to further improve the contact also not shown thin aluminum discs or spring elements.
  • a plate spring or the like can be present to ensure beizu ⁇ retain the contact in the case of temperature fluctuations.
  • a stack formed by stacking such varistor blocks 1 and any metal blocks is held between two end fittings 3 in the surge arrester shown in FIG.
  • the end fittings 3 are usually formed of aluminum or stainless steel and configured such that they can be easily integrated into existing electrical installations or power grids, for example by a protruding from the surge arrester central screw 4, which makes good contact with the Varistorblöcken 1 well.
  • Surge arrester surrounded by an outer housing 5 made of silicone.
  • the housing is formed by spraying or pouring.
  • glass fiber reinforced plastic rods or ropes 9 are clamped as reinforcing elements between the two end fittings 3 regularly. These hold the Varistorblöcke 1 between the two end fittings 3 together under tensile stress.
  • rods 9 the anchoring elements will be referred to as rods 9, without any limitation of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a plan view of an end fitting of a surge arrester according to the invention.
  • the end fitting 3 is formed substantially as a circular-cylindrical block whose diameter is larger than that of the varistor blocks.
  • the stacking direction runs along the circumference of the end fitting
  • the glass fiber reinforced plastic rods 9 are received in through holes 11 through the end fittings 3.
  • the glass fiber reinforced plastic rods are held by suitable means, such as wedges, wedge sleeves, gluing, Crimpers or the like.
  • the end fitting additionally has at least a second one
  • This through hole 15, in which no reinforcing element is received, serves as a flow connection between the two sides of the end fitting during the formation of the outer casing by ⁇ Spritzne or casting.
  • the end of the end fitting facing away from the stack of varistor blocks is provided with a running groove or groove 17 in which the first and second through holes 11 and 15 open.
  • the groove is bounded by a projecting outer edge 19 and an inner edge 21.
  • the cage is first formed from two end fittings 3, the varistor blocks 1 and the glass fiber reinforced rods 9, in fixed connection with the end fittings 3.
  • This cage is then placed in a mold that seals against respective shoulders 23 of the end fitting as shown in FIG.
  • the mold can be designed so that simultaneously with the outer housing 5 and the screens 7 are formed by spraying or molding of silicone.
  • Low viscosity silicone as preferred for this application, is relatively expensive. Therefore, as can be seen in Fig. 1, the housing is retracted in the region of the varistor blocks 1, i. has a smaller cross section than in the region of the overlap with the end fitting 3.
  • the second through holes 15 are also formed in the end fittings 3.
  • the outside of the surge arrester facing the end of these holes is, as stated, mounted in the groove 17.
  • a plurality of second through holes are provided. It is also possible, instead of the continuous circumferential groove 17, to provide a plurality of part-serration grooves, each of which extends over only one segment of the circumference, each first through-hole 11 together with at least one second through-hole 11
  • Through hole 15 opens in one of Operasegmetnuten 17.
  • a plate 17 is held by means of a central screw 4 in the central bore with internal thread 23 of the end fitting 3, shown in Fig. 1 plate 27 closes at the edge of the end fitting 3 flat with the edge 19 tightly, with a cavity in the Area of the groove 17 remains. If required, individual vent holes can be provided in the plate.
  • one or more inlet openings for the low-viscosity silicone in the area of the screens 7 and corresponding ventilation holes, also in the area of the screens 7, are usually provided.
  • the silicone penetrates the mold, forms the outer casing 5 with the sheds 7, passes through the through holes 15 and the grooves 17 and further into the through holes 11 with the glass fiber reinforced rods.
  • the through holes 11 are hermetically sealed with the glass fiber reinforced plastic rods 9 from the outside and protected against moisture in one operation with the formation of the outer casing.
  • the inner diameter of the second through-holes 15 should be chosen such that the low-viscosity silicone can flow well through the casting process.
  • 3 shows a section through an end fitting along the line A-A in FIG. 2. As can be seen, the second through-holes 15 have a significantly smaller cross-section than the first through-holes 11.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a cage-type surge arrester and to a method for producing the same. The outer casing (5) is produced by extrusion-molding or casting around a module which is composed of two end fittings (3) and a plurality of varistor blocks (1) and at least one reinforcing element (9) and first through-holes (11) for the reinforcing elements (9) and said casing is sealed off with silicone. For this purpose, second through-holes (15) are provided in the end fittings (3), silicone running through them during casting or injection-molding and penetrating the through-holes (11), thereby sealing the same from water or moisture.

Description

TRIDELTA ÜBERSPANNUNGSABLEITER GMBH TRIDELTA ÜBERSPANNUNGSABLEITER GMBH
ÜBERSPANNUNGSABLEITER MIT KÄFIG-DESIGN UNDOVERVOLTAGE CABLE WITH CAGE DESIGN AND
HERSTELLUNGSVERFAHREN FÜR DIESENMANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR THESE
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Überspannungsableiter mit Käfig-Design wie er beispielsweise aus der JP 62-149511 (Anmeldenuiruner} bekannt ist, und ein Verfahren zurThe invention relates to a surge arrester with cage design as it is known for example from JP 62-149511 (Anmeldunguiruner}, and a method for
Herstellung eines derartigen Überspannungsableiters .Production of such a surge arrester.
Überspannungsableiter werden bei Stromversorgungs- systemen zwischen stromführenden Leitungen und Masse geschaltet um im Fall einer Überspannung in der Leitung diese zur Masse abzuleiten und so andere Bauteile des Stromnetzes zu schützen. Ein derartiger Überspannungsableiter enthält einen Stapel Varistorblöcke, der zwischen zwei Anschlusselementen bzw. Endarmaturen gehalten ist. Diese Anordnung wird in einem Gehäuse aufgenommen. Um sicherzustellen, dass auch bei mechanischenIn the case of an overvoltage in the line, surge arresters are connected between current-carrying lines and ground in the case of an overvoltage in the line, thus protecting other components of the power network. Such a surge arrester contains a stack of varistor blocks, which is held between two connection elements or end fittings. This arrangement is accommodated in a housing. To ensure that even at mechanical
Belastungen die Varistorblöcke gut miteinander kontaktieren ist es erforderlich, den Stapel unter Druck zusammenzuhalten. Bei Überspannungsableitern mit Käfig-Design erfolgt dies über Verstärkungselemente, in der Regel Stäbe oder Seile, vorzugsweise glasfaserverstärkte Kunststoffstäbe (GFK-Stäbe) , die an den beiden Endarmaturen unter Zug gehalten sind.Loading the varistor blocks well with each other, it is necessary to hold the stack together under pressure. In surge arresters with cage design, this is done via reinforcing elements, usually rods or ropes, preferably glass fiber reinforced plastic rods (GRP rods), which are held on the two end fittings under train.
Ein Problem bei derartigen Überspannungsableitern besteht darin, die Verstärkungselemente sicher an den Endarmaturen zu befestigen, so dass auch bei mechanischen Beanspruchungen, wie sie bei im Freien montiertenA problem with such surge arresters is to secure the reinforcing elements to the end fittings, so that even with mechanical stresses, such as those mounted outdoors
Überspannungsableitern auftreten, die nötige Festigkeit erhalten wird.Surge arresters occur, the necessary strength is obtained.
Bei der genannten japanischen Patentanmeldung wird dieses Problem dadurch gelöst, dass in den Endarmaturen Nuten in Ξtapelrichtung der Varistorblöcke vorgesehen sind, in die die Verstärkungselemente eingelegt werden und wobei das Ende der Verstärkungselemente mit einem Gewinde ausgestattet ist, auf das eine Mutter aufgeschraubt wird, die im Durchmesser größer als die Nut in der Endarmatur ist, und so das Verstärkungselement im wesentlichen durch Formschluss hält. Gemäß einer weiteren bekannten Technik, wie sie in dem europäischen Patent EP 93 915 343.3 offenbart ist, können die glasfaserverstärkten Kunststoffstäbe auch durch Stifte oder Schrauben, senkrecht zur Längsrichtung der Stäbe an den Endarmaturen gehalten werden.In the said Japanese patent application, this problem is solved in that in the end fittings grooves in the stack direction of the varistor blocks are provided, in which the reinforcing elements are inserted and wherein the end of the reinforcing elements is provided with a thread, on which a nut is screwed, which is larger in diameter than the groove in the end fitting, and so holds the reinforcing element substantially by positive engagement. According to another known technique, as disclosed in the European patent EP 93 915 343.3, the glass fiber reinforced plastic rods can also be held by pins or screws, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rods to the end fittings.
Bei den beiden genannten Techniken besteht ein Problem darin, dass die vorspringenden Ecken der Muttern undA problem with the two mentioned techniques is that the projecting corners of the nuts and
Schrauben zu einer Konzentration des elektrischen Feldes und der Gefahr von Teilentladungen führt.Screwing leads to a concentration of the electric field and the risk of partial discharges.
Die deutsche Patentanmeldung DE 199 40 939 zeigt eine weitere Möglichkeit, die Verstärkungselemente in den Endarmaturen zu halten. Hierzu wird in einer konischenThe German patent application DE 199 40 939 shows a further possibility to hold the reinforcing elements in the end fittings. This is done in a conical
Bohrung der Endarmatur eine in Richtung der Stapelmitte der Varistorblöcke konisch zulaufende Hülse mit beweglichen Ξeitenwänden eingesetzt, die als Klemmhülse, ähnlich einem Keil, das zugehörige Verstärkungselement unter Zug fest durch reib- bzw. kraftschlüssige Verbindung hält.Drill hole of the end fitting used in the direction of the stack center of the varistor blocks tapered sleeve with movable Ξeitenwänden, which holds as a clamping sleeve, similar to a wedge, the associated reinforcing element under train firmly by frictional or non-positive connection.
Mit dieser Technik können vorspringende Kanten von Schrauben oder Muttern vermieden werden, jedoch besteht ein Problem darin, dass durch die Durchgangslöcher in der Endarmatur, durch die die glasfaserverstärkten Stäbe laufen und in denen die Klemmhülsen eingesetzt sind, Feuchtigkeit bzw. Wasser in das Innere des Überspannungsableiters gelangt, und diesen auf Dauer schädigt.With this technique, projecting edges of screws or nuts can be avoided, but there is a problem that through the through holes in the end fitting through which run the glass fiber reinforced rods and in which the ferrules are inserted, moisture or water into the interior of the surge arrester and damages it permanently.
Daher war es bei dieser Technik erforderlich, entweder die Endarmatur komplett bei der Ausbildung eines Außengehäuses mit in dieses zu integrieren, beispielsweise indem die Endarmatur mit umspritzt wurde, oder es mussten zusätzliche Maßnahmen ergriffen werden, um die Endarmatur auf ihrer oberen Seite gegen das Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit zu schützen. Diese bekannten Techniken haben entweder den Nachteil, dass eine große Menge des relativ teuren Materials für das Außengehäuse, meistens niederviskoses Silikon, benötigt wird, um die gesamte Endarmatur zu umspritzen, oder ein zusätzlicher Arbeitsschritt erforderlich war, um die zusätzliche Abdichtung anzubringen.Therefore, it was necessary in this technique, either to integrate the end fitting completely in the formation of an outer housing in this, for example by the end fitting was overmolded, or additional measures had to be taken to the end fitting on its upper side against the ingress of To protect moisture. These known techniques either have the disadvantage that a large amount of the relatively expensive material for the outer housing, usually low-viscosity silicone, is needed to overmold the entire end fitting, or An additional operation was required to attach the additional seal.
Die Erfindung hat die Aufgabe, einenThe invention has the object, a
Überspannungsabieiter mit Käfig-Design bereitzustellen, der weder das Problem der Teilentladung aufgrund von vorspringenden Kanten von Schrauben oder Muttern hat, noch bei dem Probleme durch das Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit durch Durchgangslöcher der Endarmatur auftreten.To provide surge absorbers with cage design, which has neither the problem of partial discharge due to protruding edges of screws or nuts, nor occur in the problems of penetration of moisture through through holes of the end fitting.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dieses Problem durch einen Überspannungsabieiter nach Anspruch 1 und ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines derartigen Überspannungsableiters nach Anspruch 7 gelöst. Die abhängigen Ansprüche betreffen weitere Vorteilhafte Aspekte der Erfindung.According to the invention, this problem is solved by a surge absorber according to claim 1 and a method for producing such a surge arrester according to claim 7. The dependent claims relate to further advantageous aspects of the invention.
Im folgenden werden bevorzugte Ausführungsformen des Überspannungsableiters unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen beschrieben, in denen zeigt: Fig. 1 eine Gesamtansicht eines Überspannungsableiters mit teilweise weggeschnittenem Außengehäuse; Fig. 2 eine Aufsicht auf die Endarmatur des erfindungsgemäßen Überspannungsableiters;In the following, preferred embodiments of the surge arrester will be described with reference to the drawings, in which: Figure 1 is an overall view of a surge arrester with partially cutaway outer casing; FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the end fitting of the surge arrester according to the invention; FIG.
Fig. 3 eine Schnittansicht durch eine Endarmatur nach Fig.3 shows a sectional view through an end fitting according to FIG.
2.Second
Der in Fig. 1 gezeigte Überspannungsableiter mit Käfig- Design enthält mindestens einen Varistorblock 1. Als Varistorblöcke 1 können bekannte Keramikscheiben mit einem spannungsabhängigen Widerstand (variable resistor) verwendet werden. Bei niedrigen Spannungen arbeiten sie als nahezu perfekte Isolatoren, während sie bei hoher Spannung eine gute Leitfähigkeit haben. Handelsübliche Varistorblöcke werden auf Grundlage von Zinkoxid (ZnO) hergestellt. Die Erfindung ist jedoch nicht auf derartige Zinkoxidüberspannungsableiter beschränkt, und auch andere Metalloxide und auch Siliziumkarbid können beispielsweise für den Varistorblock verwendet werden. Außerdem können zusätzlich zu Varistorblöcken 1 noch weitere Blöcke, etwa Metallblöcke, oder Funkenstreckenblöcke, in dem Stapel enthalten sein, um so die Länge des Überspannungsabieiters an die Erfordernisse des jeweiligen Einsatzes anzupassen.The surge arrester with a cage design shown in FIG. 1 contains at least one varistor block 1. As the varistor blocks 1, known ceramic disks with a voltage-dependent resistor (variable resistor) can be used. At low voltages they work as near-perfect insulators, while at high voltages they have good conductivity. Commercially available varistor blocks are manufactured on the basis of zinc oxide (ZnO). However, the invention is not limited to such zinc oxide surge arresters, and other metal oxides as well as silicon carbide can be used for the varistor block, for example. In addition, in addition to varistor blocks 1, further blocks, such as metal blocks, or spark gaps, may be included in the stack to adapt the length of the surge arrester to the requirements of the particular application.
Gängige Varistorblöcke 1 sind als Kreiszylinder mit einem Durchmesser von beispielsweise 5 cm und einer Höhe von etwa 4 cm ausgebildet. An beiden Seiten der Varistorblöcke 1 sind nicht detailliert gezeigte Aluminiumelektroden aufgebracht, um eine bessere Kontaktierung sicherzustellen. Auch ist es üblich, zwischen den Varistorblöcken 1 zur weiteren Verbesserung der Kontaktierung ebenfalls nicht gezeigte dünne Aluminiumscheiben oder Federelemente zu legen.Common varistor blocks 1 are formed as circular cylinders with a diameter of for example 5 cm and a height of about 4 cm. On both sides of the varistor blocks 1 aluminum electrodes not shown in detail are applied to ensure a better contact. It is also customary to lay between the Varistorblöcken 1 to further improve the contact also not shown thin aluminum discs or spring elements.
In dem Stapel der Varistorblöcke kann außerdem eine Tellerfeder oder ähnliches vorhanden sein, um im Fall von Temperaturschwankungen die Kontaktierung sicher beizu¬ behalten . Ein durch Aufeinanderstapeln derartiger Varistorblöcke 1 und eventueller Metallblöcke gebildeter Stapel ist bei dem in Fig. 1 gezeigten Überspannungsableiter zwischen zwei Endarmaturen 3 gehalten. Die Endarmaturen 3 sind üblicherweise aus Aluminium oder Edelstahl gebildet und derart ausgestaltet, dass sie leicht in bestehende elektrische Installationen bzw. Stromversorgungsnetze eingebunden werden können, beispielsweise durch eine aus dem Überspannungsableiter herausragende zentrale Schraube 4, die elektrisch mit den Varistorblöcken 1 gut kontaktiert. Zum Schutz gegenüber der Umwelt werden dieseIn the stack of varistor also a plate spring or the like can be present to ensure beizu ¬ retain the contact in the case of temperature fluctuations. A stack formed by stacking such varistor blocks 1 and any metal blocks is held between two end fittings 3 in the surge arrester shown in FIG. The end fittings 3 are usually formed of aluminum or stainless steel and configured such that they can be easily integrated into existing electrical installations or power grids, for example by a protruding from the surge arrester central screw 4, which makes good contact with the Varistorblöcken 1 well. For protection against the environment these are
Überspannungsableiter mit einem äußeren Gehäuse 5 aus Silikon umgeben. Das Gehäuse wird durch Spritzen oder Gießen gebildet .Surge arrester surrounded by an outer housing 5 made of silicone. The housing is formed by spraying or pouring.
Zur Vergrößerung des Kriechweges des Stroms sind an der Außenseite des Gehäuses 5 Schirme 7 ausgebildet. überspannungsableiter sind erheblichen Biegemomenten ausgesetzt, wenn sie in der freien Umgebung verwendet werden. Es ist daher erforderlich, sicherzustellen, dass auch bei größeren mechanischen Beanspruchungen die Kontaktierung der Varistorblöcke 1 untereinander und zu den Endarmaturen beibehalten und ein Kantenbruch der Varistorblöcke durch ein inneres Verkannter zweier benachbarter Varistorblöcke — 3 —To increase the creepage path of the current 5 screens 7 are formed on the outside of the housing. Surge arresters are subject to significant bending moments when used in the free environment. It is therefore necessary to ensure that the contacting of the varistor blocks 1 with each other and to the end fittings is maintained even with larger mechanical stresses and an edge fracture of the varistor blocks by an inner Verkannte two adjacent Varistorblöcke - 3 -
vermieden wird. Um dies zu erreichen, werden regelmäßig glasfaserverstärkte Kunststoffstäbe oder Seile 9 als Verstärkungselemente zwischen den beiden Endarmaturen 3 eingespannt. Diese halten die Varistorblöcke 1 zwischen den beiden Endarmaturen 3 unter Zugbeanspruchung zusammen.is avoided. To achieve this, glass fiber reinforced plastic rods or ropes 9 are clamped as reinforcing elements between the two end fittings 3 regularly. These hold the Varistorblöcke 1 between the two end fittings 3 together under tensile stress.
Im folgenden werden die Verankerungselemente als Stäbe 9 bezeichnet, ohne dass hierin eine Beschränkung der Erfindung zu sehen wäre.Hereinafter, the anchoring elements will be referred to as rods 9, without any limitation of the invention.
Fig. 2 zeigt eine Aufsicht auf eine Endarmatur eines erfindungsgemäßen Überspannungsableiters. Die Endarmatur 3 ist im wesentlichen als kreis-zylindrischer Block ausgebildet, dessen Durchmesser größer als der der Varistorblöcke ist. In dem radialen Bereich der Endarmatur, der über die Varistorblöcke hinausragt sind entlang des Umfangs der Endarmatur in Staplerichtung verlaufendeFig. 2 shows a plan view of an end fitting of a surge arrester according to the invention. The end fitting 3 is formed substantially as a circular-cylindrical block whose diameter is larger than that of the varistor blocks. In the radial area of the end fitting, which projects beyond the varistor blocks, the stacking direction runs along the circumference of the end fitting
Durchgangslöcher 11 ausgebildet. In der Mitte der Endarmatur in ein weiteres Durchgangsloch 25 für die zentrale Schraube 4, vorzugweise mit einem Innengewinde, ausgebildet.Through holes 11 formed. In the middle of the end fitting in a further through hole 25 for the central screw 4, preferably with an internal thread formed.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Überspannungsableiter sind die glasfaserverstärkten Kunststoffstäbe 9 in Durchgangslöchern 11 durch die Endarmaturen 3 aufgenommen. In diesen Durchgangslöchern sind die glasfaserverstärkten Kunststoffstäbe durch geeignete Mittel, etwa Keile, Keilhülsen, Klebung, Krimphülsen oder ähnliches festgehalten. Die Endarmatur weist zusätzlich zumindest ein zweitesIn the surge arrester according to the invention, the glass fiber reinforced plastic rods 9 are received in through holes 11 through the end fittings 3. In these through holes, the glass fiber reinforced plastic rods are held by suitable means, such as wedges, wedge sleeves, gluing, Crimpers or the like. The end fitting additionally has at least a second one
Durchgangsloch 15 auf. Dieses Durchgangsloch 15, in dem kein Verstärkungselement aufgenommen wird, dient als Durchflussverbindung zwischen den beiden Seiten der Endarmatur während des Ausbildens des Außenghäuses durch Ξpritzne oder Gießen.Through hole 15 on. This through hole 15, in which no reinforcing element is received, serves as a flow connection between the two sides of the end fitting during the formation of the outer casing by Ξ Spritzne or casting.
Außerdem ist bei der gezeigtenEndarmatur die dem Stapel der Varistorblöcke abgewandte Siete der Endarmatur mit einer unlaufenden Nut oder Rille 17 versehen, in der die ersten und zweiten Durchgangslöcher 11 und 15 münden. Die Nut wird von einem vorspringenden äußeren Rand 19 und einem inneren Rand 21 begrenzt. Um zu verhindern, dass von außen durch diese Durchgangsbohrung Feuchtigkeit in das Innere des Überspannungsableiters eindringt, ist es erforderlich Maßnahmen zu ergreifen, um die Durchgangslöcher 11 gegen Wasser zu versiegeln.Moreover, in the illustrated end fitting, the end of the end fitting facing away from the stack of varistor blocks is provided with a running groove or groove 17 in which the first and second through holes 11 and 15 open. The groove is bounded by a projecting outer edge 19 and an inner edge 21. In order to prevent moisture from entering the interior of the surge arrester from outside through this through-hole, it is necessary to take measures to seal the through-holes 11 against water.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Überspannungsableiter wird zunächst der Käfig aus zwei Endarmaturen 3, den Varistorblöcken 1 und den glasfaserverstärkten Stäben 9, in fester Verbindung mit den Endarmaturen 3 gebildet. Dieser Käfig wird dann in ein Formwerkzeug gelegt, das an jeweiligen Schultern 23 der Endarmatur, wie sie in Fig. 3 gezeigt sind, dicht abschließt. Das Formwerkzeug kann so ausgebildet sein, dass gleichzeitig mit dem Außengehäuse 5 auch die Schirme 7 durch Spritzen bzw. Gießen von Silikon gebildet werden. Niederviskoses Silikon, wie es für diese Anwendung bevorzugt ist, ist relativ teuer. Daher ist, wie es in Fig. 1 zu sehen ist, das Gehäuse im Bereich der Varistorblöcke 1 eingezogen, d.h. weist einen geringeren Querschnitt auf, als im Bereich der Überlappung mit der Endarmatur 3. Erfindungsgemäß sind in den Endarmaturen 3 zusätzlich zu den ersten Durchgangslöchern 11, in denen die glasfaserverstärkten Stäbe 9 aufgenommen sind, noch die zweiten Durchgangslöcher 15 ausgebildet. Das der Außenseite des Überspannungsableiters zugewandte Ende dieser Löcher ist, wie ausgeführt wurde, in der Nut 17 angebracht. Vorzugsweise sind mehrere zweite Durchgangslöcher vorgesehen. Auch ist es möglich, anstelle der durchgehenden Umfangsnut 17 mehrere Teilsegraentnuten vorzusehen, die sich jeweils nur über ein Segment des ümfangs erstrecken, wobei jedes erste Durchgangsloch 11 zusammen mit zumindest einem zweitenIn the surge arrester according to the invention, the cage is first formed from two end fittings 3, the varistor blocks 1 and the glass fiber reinforced rods 9, in fixed connection with the end fittings 3. This cage is then placed in a mold that seals against respective shoulders 23 of the end fitting as shown in FIG. The mold can be designed so that simultaneously with the outer housing 5 and the screens 7 are formed by spraying or molding of silicone. Low viscosity silicone, as preferred for this application, is relatively expensive. Therefore, as can be seen in Fig. 1, the housing is retracted in the region of the varistor blocks 1, i. has a smaller cross section than in the region of the overlap with the end fitting 3. According to the invention, in addition to the first through holes 11, in which the glass fiber reinforced rods 9 are accommodated, the second through holes 15 are also formed in the end fittings 3. The outside of the surge arrester facing the end of these holes is, as stated, mounted in the groove 17. Preferably, a plurality of second through holes are provided. It is also possible, instead of the continuous circumferential groove 17, to provide a plurality of part-serration grooves, each of which extends over only one segment of the circumference, each first through-hole 11 together with at least one second through-hole 11
Durchgangsloch 15 in einer der Teilsegmetnuten 17 mündet.Through hole 15 opens in one of Teilsegmetnuten 17.
Bei der Herstellung des Überspannungsableiters wird eine Platte 17 mittels einer zentralen Schraube 4 in die mittlere Bohrung mit Innengewinde 23 der Endarmatur 3 gehalten, in Fig. 1 gezeigte Platte 27 schließt am Rand der Endarmatur 3 flächig mit dem Rand 19 dicht ab, wobei ein Hohlraum im Bereich der Nut 17 verbleibt. Nach Bedarf können in der Platte einzelne Entlüftungslöcher vorgesehen werden.In the manufacture of the surge arrester, a plate 17 is held by means of a central screw 4 in the central bore with internal thread 23 of the end fitting 3, shown in Fig. 1 plate 27 closes at the edge of the end fitting 3 flat with the edge 19 tightly, with a cavity in the Area of the groove 17 remains. If required, individual vent holes can be provided in the plate.
Beim Gießen des Außengehäuses sind üblicherweise eine oder mehrere Einlassöffnungen für das niederviskose Silikon im Bereich der Schirme 7 und korrespondierende Belüftungslöcher,, ebenfalls im Bereich der Schirme 7, vorgesehen. Das Silikon dringt in die Form ein, bildet das Außengehäuse 5 mit den Schirmen 7, läuft dabei durch die Durchgangslöcher 15 und die Nuten 17 und von weiter in die Durchgangslöcher 11 mit den glasfaserverstärkten Stäben. Auf diese Art werden die Durchgangslöcher 11 mit den glasfaserverstärkten Kunststoffstäben 9 von außen hermetisch verschlossen und gegen Feuchtigkeit in einem Arbeitsgang mit der Ausbildung des Außengehäuses geschützt. Wie in Fig. 2 zu sehen ist, ist es bevorzugt ein zweites Durchgangsloch 15 für zwei erste Durchgangslöcher 11 vorzusehen. Dies ist nicht zwingend erforderlich und es kann für jedes erste Durchgangsloch 11 ein zweite Durchgangsloch 15 vorgesehen sein, oder es kann ein einziges zweites Durchgangsloch 15 für alle ersten Durchgangslöcher 11 ausgebildet sein.When casting the outer housing, one or more inlet openings for the low-viscosity silicone in the area of the screens 7 and corresponding ventilation holes, also in the area of the screens 7, are usually provided. The silicone penetrates the mold, forms the outer casing 5 with the sheds 7, passes through the through holes 15 and the grooves 17 and further into the through holes 11 with the glass fiber reinforced rods. In this way, the through holes 11 are hermetically sealed with the glass fiber reinforced plastic rods 9 from the outside and protected against moisture in one operation with the formation of the outer casing. As can be seen in FIG. 2, it is preferable to provide a second through-hole 15 for two first through-holes 11. This is not absolutely necessary and a second through-hole 15 may be provided for each first through-hole 11, or a single second through-hole 15 may be formed for all the first through-holes 11.
Der Innendurchmesser der zweiten Durchgangslöcher 15 ist derart zu wählen, dass das niederviskose Silikon bei dem Gießvorgang gut hindurchströmen kann. Fig. 3 zeigt einen Schnitt duch eine Endarmatur entlang der Linie A-A in Fig. 2. Wie zu sehen ist, sind die zweiten Durchgangslöcher 15 im Querschnitt deutlich kleiner ausgebildet als die ersten Durchagngslöcher 11.The inner diameter of the second through-holes 15 should be chosen such that the low-viscosity silicone can flow well through the casting process. 3 shows a section through an end fitting along the line A-A in FIG. 2. As can be seen, the second through-holes 15 have a significantly smaller cross-section than the first through-holes 11.
Obwohl die Erfindung anhand einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform beschrieben wurde, ist die Erfindung nicht auf diese Ausführungsform beschränkt, und der Fachmann erkennt durch verschiedene Variationen und Abwandlungen innerhalb des Schutzumfangs der beiliegenden Ansprüche. Although the invention has been described in terms of a preferred embodiment, the invention is not limited to this embodiment, and the skilled artisan will recognize through various variations and modifications within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

15596TRIDELTA ÜBERSPANNUNGSABLEITER GMBHPATENTANSPRÜCHE 15596TRIDELTA ÜBERSPANNUNGSABLEITER GMBHPATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Überspannungsabieiter mit: mindestens einem Varistorblock (1); zwei Endarmaturen (3), die auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Varistorblocks (1) angeordnet sind; mindestens einem Verstärkungselement (9), das den Varistorblock {1} und die Endarmaturen (3) zusammenhält und welches durch ein erstes Durchgangsloch (11) durch mindestens eine der Endarmaturen (3} läuft; einem Außengehäuse (5) aus Silikon, das durch Gießen oder Spritzen um den Varistorblock (1), das Verstärkungselement (9) und Teile der Endarmaturen (3} ausgebildet ist; dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in mindestens einer Endarmatur {3} zweiteA surge arrester comprising: at least one varistor block (1); two end fittings (3) disposed on opposite sides of the varistor block (1); at least one reinforcing element (9) holding the varistor block {1} and the end fittings (3) together and passing through a first through hole (11) through at least one of the end fittings (3); an outer casing (5) made of silicone, by casting or spraying around the varistor block (1), the reinforcing element (9) and parts of the end fittings (3) is formed, characterized in that in at least one end fitting {3} second
Durchgangslöcher (15) ausgebildet sind, die in einer Nut (17) auf der dem Varistorblock (1) abgewandten Seite der Endarmatur (3) münden, wobei die Nut (17) sich von einem zweiten Durchgangsloch (15) zu einem ersten Durchgangsloch (11) erstreckt, und wobei das zweite Durchgangsloch (15), die Nut (17) und das erste Durchgangsloch (11) auf der dem Varistorblock (1) abgewandten Seite der Endarmatur (3) mit Silikon versiegelt sind.Through holes (15) are formed, which open in a groove (17) on the side facing away from the varistor block (1) side of the end fitting (3), wherein the groove (17) from a second through hole (15) to a first through hole (11 ), and wherein the second through hole (15), the groove (17) and the first through hole (11) on the side of the end fitting (3) facing away from the varistor block (1) are sealed with silicone.
2. Überspannungsableiter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der oder die Varistorblöcke (1} aus einem Metalloxid, vorzugsweise ZnO gebildet sind.2. Surge arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that the one or more varistor blocks (1) are formed from a metal oxide, preferably ZnO.
3. Überspannungsableiter nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass - 2 -3. Surge arrester according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that - 2 -
die Endarmatur (3) aus Metall, vorzugsweise Aluminium, gebildet sind.the end fitting (3) made of metal, preferably aluminum, are formed.
4. Überspannungsabieiter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (5) des Überspannungsableiters mit Schirmen (7) ausgerüstet ist.4. surge arrester according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (5) of the surge arrester is equipped with screens (7).
5. Überspannungsabieiter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verstärkungselement (9) ein glasfaserverstärkter5. surge arrester according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reinforcing element (9) is a glass fiber reinforced
Kunststoffstab oder Seil ist, der/das unter Zugbelastung die Endarmatur (3} und den Varistorblock (1) zusammenhält.Plastic rod or rope is that under tensile load, the end fitting (3} and the varistor block (1) holds together.
6. Überspannungsableiter nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Verankerungselement in Form eines Keils oder einer Keilhülse den glasfaserverstärkten Kunststoffstab (9} im Durchgangsloch (11} hält.6. Surge arrester according to claim 5, characterized in that an anchoring element in the form of a wedge or a wedge sleeve holds the glass fiber reinforced plastic rod (9) in the through hole (11}.
7. Verfahren zum Herstellen eines überspannungsableiters nach Anspruch 1 mit den Schritten:7. A method of manufacturing a surge arrester according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
Befestigen von mindestens einem Verstärkungseiemet (9) in einem ersten Durchgangsloch (11) einer ersten EndarmaturFixing at least one reinforcing mesh (9) in a first through hole (11) of a first end fitting
(3);(3);
Anordnen eines Stapels von Varistorblöcken (1) auf der Endarmatur (3) und neben dem Verstärkungselement (9);Arranging a stack of varistor blocks (1) on the end fitting (3) and adjacent to the reinforcing element (9);
Anbringen einer zweiten Endarmatur auf dein Stapel von Varistorblöcken und den Verstärkungselemente (9) derart, dass die Varistorblöcke (1) zwischen den beiden Endarmaturen (3) liegen; Befestigen des Verstärkungselements (9) in einem ersten Durchgangsloch (11} der zweiten Endarmatur (3) ;Attaching a second end fitting on the stack of Varistorblöcken and the reinforcing elements (9) such that the Varistorblöcke (1) between the two end fittings (3) are; Fixing the reinforcing element (9) in a first through hole (11) of the second end fitting (3);
Umspritzen bzw. Umgießen von Teilen der beiden Endarmaturen (3), der Varistorblöcke (1) und des Verstärkungselements (9} zur Ausbildung eines Außengehäuses (5) aus Kunststoff, wobei der Kunststoff durch die zweiten Durchgangslöcher (15) und die Nut (17} in den Endarmaturen (3) fließt und die ersten Durchgangslöcher (11) auf der den - 3 -Encapsulating parts of the two end fittings (3), the varistor blocks (1) and the reinforcing element (9) to form an outer housing (5) made of plastic, the plastic being penetrated by the second through holes (15) and the groove (17) flows in the end fittings (3) and the first through holes (11) on the - 3 -
Varistorblöcken (1) abgewandten Seite der Endarmaturen (3) versiegelt . Varistor blocks (1) facing away from the end fittings (3) sealed.
EP06830827A 2006-01-25 2006-12-22 Cage-type surge arrester and method for producing the same Not-in-force EP1977434B1 (en)

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DE102006003579A DE102006003579B4 (en) 2006-01-25 2006-01-25 Surge arrester with cage design and manufacturing process for this
PCT/EP2006/070196 WO2007085338A1 (en) 2006-01-25 2006-12-22 Cage-type surge arrester and method for producing the same

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EP1977434A1 true EP1977434A1 (en) 2008-10-08
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JP (1) JP4865816B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101008134B1 (en)
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AR (1) AR059152A1 (en)
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AU (1) AU2006336899B2 (en)
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DE (3) DE102006003579B4 (en)
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MX (1) MX2008009191A (en)
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EP1977434B1 (en) 2009-07-29
ZA200805315B (en) 2009-10-28
AU2006336899A1 (en) 2007-08-02
DE502006004414D1 (en) 2009-09-10
WO2007085338A1 (en) 2007-08-02
MX2008009191A (en) 2008-10-17
HK1126310A1 (en) 2009-08-28
KR101008134B1 (en) 2011-01-13
AR059152A1 (en) 2008-03-12
AU2006336899B2 (en) 2013-03-07
CN101336459A (en) 2008-12-31
DE202006020436U1 (en) 2008-07-10
US8009402B2 (en) 2011-08-30
ATE438186T1 (en) 2009-08-15
US20090046408A1 (en) 2009-02-19
CN101336459B (en) 2011-08-03
RU2378727C1 (en) 2010-01-10
KR20080080204A (en) 2008-09-02
DE102006003579A1 (en) 2007-09-06

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