EP1975415A2 - Rotary compressor unit and method of controlling operation thereof - Google Patents
Rotary compressor unit and method of controlling operation thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1975415A2 EP1975415A2 EP08002967A EP08002967A EP1975415A2 EP 1975415 A2 EP1975415 A2 EP 1975415A2 EP 08002967 A EP08002967 A EP 08002967A EP 08002967 A EP08002967 A EP 08002967A EP 1975415 A2 EP1975415 A2 EP 1975415A2
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- Prior art keywords
- compressor
- pressure stage
- compressors
- stage compressor
- high pressure
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 235000002020 sage Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C28/08—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by varying the rotational speed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C23/001—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of similar working principle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C28/02—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids specially adapted for several pumps connected in series or in parallel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C18/08—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
- F04C18/12—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
- F04C18/123—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with radially or approximately radially from the rotor body extending tooth-like elements, co-operating with recesses in the other rotor, e.g. one tooth
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2270/00—Control; Monitoring or safety arrangements
- F04C2270/05—Speed
- F04C2270/051—Controlled or regulated
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2270/00—Control; Monitoring or safety arrangements
- F04C2270/05—Speed
- F04C2270/052—Speed angular
- F04C2270/0525—Controlled or regulated
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2270/00—Control; Monitoring or safety arrangements
- F04C2270/18—Pressure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rotary compressor unit composed of a lower pressure stage compressor and a higher pressure stage compressor connected in series, and a method of controlling operation thereof, the unit being made possible to be operated with proper load balance of each of the compressors, thereby achieving efficient operation of the unit.
- a tooth type rotary compressor consists of two rotors, a male rotor and a female rotor, each having claw-like teeth, or lobes. They turn in opposite directions without contact to each other to compress gas trapped in the compression pockets formed between the lobes and inner surface of a compressor casing as the rotors rotate. As the rotors do not contact with each other and with the inner surface of the compressor casing, the rotors do not wear and have a long life. Further, lubrication of the rotors is not needed because of non-contact engagement of the rotors, and clean compressed gas not contaminated with lubricant can be obtained.
- Compression ratio obtained by this type of compressor is relatively low, and required high compression ratio is obtained with high efficiency in many cases by composing a two-stage compressor unit comprised of a lower pressure stage compressor and a higher pressure stage compressor connected in series.
- Working of the tooth type compressor will be explained hereunder referring to FIG.4a to FIG.4d
- FIG.4a a male rotor 02 having claw-like lobes engages with a female rotor 03 having claw-like lobes with very tight clearances in a compressor housing 01.
- Gas g to be compressed is sucked from a suction opening 04 as the rotors 02 and 03 rotate in directions indicated by arrows.
- FIG. 4b the suction opening 04 is closed by the rotors 02, 03, and the sucked gas g is confined in a pocket surrounding the lobes of the female rotor 03 and in a pocket surrounding the lobes of the male rotor 02.
- the male rotor 02a of the low pressure stage compressor and the male rotor 02b of the high pressure stage compressor are driven together by the single electric motor 07.
- the male rotor and female rotor of each compressor are synchronized via a timing gear 010a and 020b respectively.
- a rotary compressor unit having two compressors driven by a single electric motor is disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No. 1-193089 (patent literature 1) and in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No. 4-6349 (patent literature 2).
- the displacement volume of each of the compressor is determined so that the driving power of each of the compressors is nearly equal when the unit is operated at its rated discharge pressure of the unit.
- the displacement volume each of the compressors can not be changed in operation of the unit.
- Rotation speed of the low pressure stage compressor and that of the high pressure stage compressor are determined by the rotation speed of the electric motor 07 and the ratio of number of teeth of the gear 09a to the gear 08 and that of the gear 09b to the gear 08.
- these ratios are determined to be equal so that both the compressors are rotated at the same rotation speed.
- Rotation speed of the electric motor can be varied by inverter control in accordance with various operating conditions.
- inverter control in accordance with various operating conditions.
- Patent literature 3 Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No. 2002-39079
- Patent literature 4 Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No. 2004-360464
- an oil-free screw compressor whose rotation speed is controlled by an inverter.
- FIG.6 showing a P-V diagram thereof (P represents pressure and V specific volume of the gas) .
- gas is first compressed by the low pressure stage compressor to 0.2 MPa, then the compressed gas is cooled through an intermediate cooler to be reduced in specific volume as shown by an arrow x. Then the compressed and cooled gas is further compressed to 0.7 MPa by the high pressure stage compressor, for example.
- the compressor unit is not always operated to produce the rated discharge pressure of the unit.
- a compressor unit of rated discharge pressure of 0.7 MPa may be operated to produce discharge pressure of 0.5 MPa as shown by a lateral line y or to produce discharge pressure of 0.8 MPa transiently as shown by a lateral line z in FIG.6 .
- rotation speed of the electric motor is controlled by the inverter, and rotation speed of the low pressure stage compressor and that of the high pressure stage compressor can no be controlled separately.
- the compressor unit In a case the compressor unit is operated to produce a discharge pressure higher than the rated discharge pressure of the unit as shown by the lateral line z, the load of the high pressure stage compressor becomes relatively larger as compared to the load of the low pressure stage compressor and unbalance in load occurs in the two compressors. Therefore, temperature rise in the high pressure stage compressor becomes larger than that in the low pressure stage compressor causing decrease in compression efficiency of the high pressure stage compressor. Consequently, compression efficiency of the compressor unit is decreased and in addition deleterious effect is caused on the durability of the compressor unit. To achieve load balancing of the low pressure stage and high pressure stage compressors, it is needed to increase the rotation speed of the low pressure stage compressor and decrease the rotation speed of the high pressure stage compressor, which is however not possible with the conventional drive system of the compressor unit.
- the present invention was made in light of problems of prior arts, and the object of the invention is to make it possible to operate a rotary compressor unit comprised of at least two compressors connected in series and driven separately with optimal compression efficiency always irrelevant to discharge pressure of the compressor unit by making it possible to control rotation speed of each of the compressors independently.
- the present invention proposes a method of controlling operation of a rotary compressor unit comprised of a low pressure stage compressor and a high pressure stage compressor connected in series, wherein said low stage and high stage compressors are driven by driving devices each for driving each compressor or by a single driving device via variable speed gears each connected to each compressor and driven by said single driving device, and rotation speed of each of said compressors is controlled independently in accordance with various operating conditions of the compressor unit so that loads of the compressors are balanced.
- each rotation speed of the compressors can be controlled independently through driving each compressor of each stage by a separate driving device respectively or by a single driving device via a separate variable speed gear respectively. Therefore, optimum load-balancing of the compressors can be achieved so that each compressor of the compressor unit is operated at nearly the same load at all operating conditions of the compressor unit. As a result, the compressor unit can be operated always with optimal efficiency, and in addition durability of the compressor unit can be improved.
- the rotation of the low pressure stage compressor is controlled to be larger than that of the high pressure stage compressor, thereby achieving optimal load balancing of the low pressure stage and high pressure stage compressors so that temperature rise in each compressor is nearly equal
- the rotation of the high pressure stage compressor is controlled to be larger than that of the high pressure stage compressor, thereby achieving optimal load balancing of both the compressors so that temperature rise in each compressor is nearly equal.
- discharge side gas pressure of the high pressure stage compressor is detected or discharge side gas pressure of the high pressure stage compressor and discharge side gas pressure of the low pressure stage compressor are detected, and rotation speed of each of the compressors is controlled independently based on the detected pressure value or values.
- a rotary compressor unit comprised of a low pressure stage compressor and a high pressure stage compressor connected in series is proposed as a first invention of the compressor unit, wherein each of said low stage compressor and high stage compressor has a driving device for driving each of the compressors respectively and each driving device is provided with an inverter circuit for varying frequency of power supply to said each driving device, and a controller is provided to control rotation speed of said each driving device via said each inverter circuit in accordance with various operating conditions of the compressor unit so that loads of said compressors are balanced.
- rotation speed of each of the compressors can be controlled independently by the controller through controlling frequency of power supply to each compressor via each inverter circuit.
- the invention also proposes as second invention of the compressor unit a rotary compressor unit comprised of a low pressure stage compressor and a high pressure stage compressor connected in series, comprising:
- the compressor unit of the second invention is provided with only a single electric motor, and rotation speed of each of the compressors is controlled independently by the controller through controlling each of the variable speed gears driven by the single electric motor.
- rotation speed of each of the compressors composing the compressor unit can be controlled so that load balancing of the compressors is achieved, so the compressor unit can be operated always with optimal compression efficiency, and in addition durability of the compressor unit can be improved.
- a pressure sensor for detecting discharge side gas pressure of the high pressure stage compressor is provided or a pressure sensor for detecting discharge side gas pressure of the low pressure stage compressor is further provided in addition to said pressure sensor for detecting discharge side gas pressure of the high pressure stage compressor, and rotation speed of each of the compressors is controlled independently based on the pressure detected by the pressure sensor or sensors.
- rotation speed of each compressor of the compressor unit comprised of a low pressure stage compressor and a high pressure stage compressor connected in series and driven separately can be controlled independently, optimal load balancing of the compressors can be achieved for various operating conditions of the compressor unit, as a result the compressor unit can be operated with optimal efficiency always in accordance with various operating conditions of the compressor unit, in addition durability of the compressor unit can be improved.
- the invention can be applied to a compressor unit further having one or more of intermediate pressure stage compressors connected in series to the low and high pressure stage compressors, and load balancing of the compressors can be achieved.
- FIG.1 is a schematic overall configuration of a rotary compressor unit having a low pressure stage compressor and a high pressure compressor of tooth type for example.
- the rotary compressor unit comprises a low pressure stage compressor(hereafter referred to as LP compressor)11, a high pressure stage compressor (hereafter referred to as HP compressor)12, a LP compressor driving electric motor(hereafter referred to as LP motor)13 connected directly to the LP compressor 11, and a HP compressor driving electric motor(hereafter referred to as HP motor)14 connected directly to the HP compressor 12.
- LP compressor low pressure stage compressor
- HP compressor high pressure stage compressor
- HP motor LP motor
- HP motor HP compressor driving electric motor
- Gas g to be compressed sucked into the LP compressor 11 is compressed for example to 0.2 MPa by the LP compressor 11.
- the compressed gas discharged from the LP compressor 11 is cooled through an intercooler 18 provided in a discharge flow path 17 and then sucked into the HP compressor 12 to be further compressed for example to 0.7 MPa.
- the gas compressed through the HP compressor 12 and discharged therefrom is cooled through an aftercooler 20 provided in a discharge flow path 19 and then supplied to user equipment.
- a pressure sensor 21 is provided at the downstream side of the aftercooler 20 to detect the discharge pressure of the HP compressor 12.
- a controller 22 is provided to control the LP inverter circuit 15 and HP inverter circuit 16 based on the discharge pressure detected by the pressure sensor 21.
- FIG.2 constituents same as those of FIG.1 are denoted by the same reference numerals and explanation of them is omitted.
- an intermediate pressure sensor 31 is provided to the discharge flow path 17 to detect discharge pressure of the LP compressor 11. Otherwise is the same as the first embodiment of FIG.1 .
- the pressure value detected by the intermediate pressure sensor 31 is inputted to the controller 22 in addition to the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 21, and rotation speed of the LP and HP compressors 11, 12 are controlled via the LP and HP inverter circuits 15, 16 base on both the detected pressure values.
- FIG.3 constituents the same as those of FIG.2 are denoted by the same reference numerals and explanation of them is omitted.
- a single electric motor 41 is employed to drive the compressor unit
- a variable speed gear (hereafter referred to as LP transmission) 43 is provided for varying the rotation speed of the LP compressor 11
- a variable speed gear (hereafter referred to as HP transmission) 44 is provided for varying the rotation speed of the HP compressor 12
- a gear box 42 is connected to the electric motor 41, whereby the LP compressor 11 and HP compressor 12 are driven via the LP transmission 43 and HP transmission 44 respectively.
- LP transmission variable speed gear
- HP transmission variable speed gear
- the compressor unit can be controlled so that optimal load-balancing of the LP compressor 11 and HP compressor 12 is always achieved when the compressor unit is operated to produce a discharge pressure different from the rated discharge pressure of the unit. Therefore, the compressor unit is always operated efficiently, and in addition, endurance of the compressor unit can be improved.
- compressor unit comprised of a plurality of compressors connected in series can be controlled such that rotation speed of each of the compressors is varied independently, optimal load-balancing of the compressors is achieved, as a result operation of the compressor unit can be performed efficiently.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a rotary compressor unit composed of a lower pressure stage compressor and a higher pressure stage compressor connected in series, and a method of controlling operation thereof, the unit being made possible to be operated with proper load balance of each of the compressors, thereby achieving efficient operation of the unit.
- Generally, a tooth type rotary compressor consists of two rotors, a male rotor and a female rotor, each having claw-like teeth, or lobes. They turn in opposite directions without contact to each other to compress gas trapped in the compression pockets formed between the lobes and inner surface of a compressor casing as the rotors rotate. As the rotors do not contact with each other and with the inner surface of the compressor casing, the rotors do not wear and have a long life. Further, lubrication of the rotors is not needed because of non-contact engagement of the rotors, and clean compressed gas not contaminated with lubricant can be obtained. Compression ratio obtained by this type of compressor is relatively low, and required high compression ratio is obtained with high efficiency in many cases by composing a two-stage compressor unit comprised of a lower pressure stage compressor and a higher pressure stage compressor connected in series. Working of the tooth type compressor will be explained hereunder referring to
FIG.4a to FIG.4d - In
FIG.4a , amale rotor 02 having claw-like lobes engages with afemale rotor 03 having claw-like lobes with very tight clearances in acompressor housing 01. Gas g to be compressed is sucked from a suction opening 04 as therotors FIG. 4b , thesuction opening 04 is closed by therotors female rotor 03 and in a pocket surrounding the lobes of themale rotor 02. InFIG.4c , the two pockets are communicated and the volume of the sum of the two pockets is reduced as the rotors rotate to compress the gas. InFIG.4d , compressed gas c is discharged throughoutlet openings 05 provided in both sides of thecompressor housing 01 and opened by the side faces of thefemale rotor 03 as the rotors rotate. - Conventionally, a single electric motor has been used to drive two compressors, a low pressure stage compressor and a high pressure stage compressor of a two-stage compressor unit as shown in
FIG.5 for space shaving and plant cost reduction. InFIG.5 , adrive gear 08 attached to anoutput shaft 07a of anelectric motor 07 meshes with agear 09a attached to arotor shaft 06a of amale rotor 02a of a low pressure stage compressor and agear 09b attached to arotor shaft 06b of amale rotor 02b of a high pressure stage compressor. - The
male rotor 02a of the low pressure stage compressor and themale rotor 02b of the high pressure stage compressor are driven together by the singleelectric motor 07. The male rotor and female rotor of each compressor are synchronized via atiming gear 010a and 020b respectively. - A rotary compressor unit having two compressors driven by a single electric motor is disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No.
1-193089 4-6349 - In designing a rotary compressor unit composed of a low pressure stage compressor and a high pressure stage compressor, usually the displacement volume of each of the compressor is determined so that the driving power of each of the compressors is nearly equal when the unit is operated at its rated discharge pressure of the unit. The displacement volume each of the compressors can not be changed in operation of the unit. Rotation speed of the low pressure stage compressor and that of the high pressure stage compressor are determined by the rotation speed of the
electric motor 07 and the ratio of number of teeth of thegear 09a to thegear 08 and that of thegear 09b to thegear 08. Usually, these ratios are determined to be equal so that both the compressors are rotated at the same rotation speed. - Rotation speed of the electric motor can be varied by inverter control in accordance with various operating conditions. For example, in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No.
2002-39079 2004-360464 - As mentioned above, with a compressor unit having a low pressure stage compressor and a high pressure stage compressor and driven by a single electric motor as shown in
FIG. 5 , rotation speed of each compressor can not be controlled separately. Operation of such a compressor unit will be explained referring toFIG.6 showing a P-V diagram thereof (P represents pressure and V specific volume of the gas) . InFIG. 6 , gas is first compressed by the low pressure stage compressor to 0.2 MPa, then the compressed gas is cooled through an intermediate cooler to be reduced in specific volume as shown by an arrow x. Then the compressed and cooled gas is further compressed to 0.7 MPa by the high pressure stage compressor, for example. - However, the compressor unit is not always operated to produce the rated discharge pressure of the unit. A compressor unit of rated discharge pressure of 0.7 MPa may be operated to produce discharge pressure of 0.5 MPa as shown by a lateral line y or to produce discharge pressure of 0.8 MPa transiently as shown by a lateral line z in
FIG.6 . By the inverter control mentioned above, rotation speed of the electric motor is controlled by the inverter, and rotation speed of the low pressure stage compressor and that of the high pressure stage compressor can no be controlled separately. - In a case the compressor unit is operated to produce a discharge pressure lower than the rated discharge pressure of the unit as shown by the lateral line y, a large part of compression work is done by the low pressure compressor and the high pressure stage compressor achieves a little part of the compression work of the compressor unit. Therefore, unbalance in load occurs between the low pressure stage compressor and the high pressure stage compressor, and temperature rise in the low pressure stage compressor becomes larger than that in the high pressure stage compressor, compression efficiency of the low pressure stage compressor decreases leading to decreased compression efficiency of the compressor unit, and in addition deleterious effect is caused on the durability of the compressor unit.
To achieve proper load balancing of the low pressure stage and high pressure stage compressors, it is needed to decrease the rotation speed of the low pressure stage compressor and increase the rotation speed of the high pressure stage compressor, which is however not possible with the conventional drive system of the compressor unit. - In a case the compressor unit is operated to produce a discharge pressure higher than the rated discharge pressure of the unit as shown by the lateral line z, the load of the high pressure stage compressor becomes relatively larger as compared to the load of the low pressure stage compressor and unbalance in load occurs in the two compressors. Therefore, temperature rise in the high pressure stage compressor becomes larger than that in the low pressure stage compressor causing decrease in compression efficiency of the high pressure stage compressor. Consequently, compression efficiency of the compressor unit is decreased and in addition deleterious effect is caused on the durability of the compressor unit. To achieve load balancing of the low pressure stage and high pressure stage compressors, it is needed to increase the rotation speed of the low pressure stage compressor and decrease the rotation speed of the high pressure stage compressor, which is however not possible with the conventional drive system of the compressor unit.
- The present invention was made in light of problems of prior arts, and the object of the invention is to make it possible to operate a rotary compressor unit comprised of at least two compressors connected in series and driven separately with optimal compression efficiency always irrelevant to discharge pressure of the compressor unit by making it possible to control rotation speed of each of the compressors independently.
- To attain the object, the present invention proposes a method of controlling operation of a rotary compressor unit comprised of a low pressure stage compressor and a high pressure stage compressor connected in series, wherein
said low stage and high stage compressors are driven by driving devices each for driving each compressor or by a single driving device via variable speed gears each connected to each compressor and driven by said single driving device, and
rotation speed of each of said compressors is controlled independently in accordance with various operating conditions of the compressor unit so that loads of the compressors are balanced. - According to the operating method of the invention, each rotation speed of the compressors can be controlled independently through driving each compressor of each stage by a separate driving device respectively or by a single driving device via a separate variable speed gear respectively. Therefore, optimum load-balancing of the compressors can be achieved so that each compressor of the compressor unit is operated at nearly the same load at all operating conditions of the compressor unit. As a result, the compressor unit can be operated always with optimal efficiency, and in addition durability of the compressor unit can be improved.
- For example, when the compressor unit is operated to produce a discharge pressure lower than the rated discharge pressure of the unit, the rotation of the low pressure stage compressor is controlled to be larger than that of the high pressure stage compressor, thereby achieving optimal load balancing of the low pressure stage and high pressure stage compressors so that temperature rise in each compressor is nearly equal, and when the compressor unit is operated to produce a discharge pressure higher than the rated discharge pressure of the unit, the rotation of the high pressure stage compressor is controlled to be larger than that of the high pressure stage compressor, thereby achieving optimal load balancing of both the compressors so that temperature rise in each compressor is nearly equal.
- It is preferable in the invention that discharge side gas pressure of the high pressure stage compressor is detected or discharge side gas pressure of the high pressure stage compressor and discharge side gas pressure of the low pressure stage compressor are detected, and rotation speed of each of the compressors is controlled independently based on the detected pressure value or values.
- To practice the operating method of the invention, a rotary compressor unit comprised of a low pressure stage compressor and a high pressure stage compressor connected in series is proposed as a first invention of the compressor unit, wherein
each of said low stage compressor and high stage compressor has a driving device for driving each of the compressors respectively and each driving device is provided with an inverter circuit for varying frequency of power supply to said each driving device, and
a controller is provided to control rotation speed of said each driving device via said each inverter circuit in accordance with various operating conditions of the compressor unit so that loads of said compressors are balanced. - As the compressor unit of the first invention composed such that each of the compressors is driven by an electric motor which is provided with an inverter circuit and connected to each compressor respectively, rotation speed of each of the compressors can be controlled independently by the controller through controlling frequency of power supply to each compressor via each inverter circuit.
- The invention also proposes as second invention of the compressor unit a rotary compressor unit comprised of a low pressure stage compressor and a high pressure stage compressor connected in series, comprising:
- a single driving device for driving said low pressure stage and high stage compressors,
- a variable speed gear connected to said low pressure stage compressor and driven by said single driving device,
- another variable speed gear connected to said high pressure stage compressor and driven by said single driving device, and
- a controller for controlling rotation speed of each of said compressors independently via each of said variable speed gears in accordance with variable operating conditions of the compressor unit so that loads of the compressors are balanced.
- The compressor unit of the second invention is provided with only a single electric motor, and rotation speed of each of the compressors is controlled independently by the controller through controlling each of the variable speed gears driven by the single electric motor.
- According to the compressor unit of the first and second invention, rotation speed of each of the compressors composing the compressor unit can be controlled so that load balancing of the compressors is achieved, so the compressor unit can be operated always with optimal compression efficiency, and in addition durability of the compressor unit can be improved.
- It is preferable in the compressor unit of the first and second invention that a pressure sensor for detecting discharge side gas pressure of the high pressure stage compressor is provided or a pressure sensor for detecting discharge side gas pressure of the low pressure stage compressor is further provided in addition to said pressure sensor for detecting discharge side gas pressure of the high pressure stage compressor, and rotation speed of each of the compressors is controlled independently based on the pressure detected by the pressure sensor or sensors.
- According to the invention, rotation speed of each compressor of the compressor unit comprised of a low pressure stage compressor and a high pressure stage compressor connected in series and driven separately can be controlled independently, optimal load balancing of the compressors can be achieved for various operating conditions of the compressor unit, as a result the compressor unit can be operated with optimal efficiency always in accordance with various operating conditions of the compressor unit, in addition durability of the compressor unit can be improved.
- The invention can be applied to a compressor unit further having one or more of intermediate pressure stage compressors connected in series to the low and high pressure stage compressors, and load balancing of the compressors can be achieved.
-
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FIG.1 is a schematic overall configuration of the first embodiment of the invention. -
FIG.2 is a schematic overall configuration of the second embodiment of the invention. -
FIG.3 is a schematic overall configuration of the third embodiment of the invention. -
FIG.4a to 4d are drawings for explaining working of a tooth type rotary compressor. -
FIG.5 is a schematic configuration of drive mechanism of a conventional compressor unit having a low pressure stage compressor and a high pressure stage compressor. -
FIG.6 is a P-V diagram of a conventional compressor unit having a low pressure stage compressor and a high pressure stage compressor. - Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be detailed with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is intended, however, that unless particularly specified, dimensions, materials, relative positions and so forth of the constituent parts in the embodiments shall be interpreted as illustrative only not as limitative of the scope of the present invention.
- A first embodiment of the invention will be explained referring to
FIG. 1 . FIG.1 is a schematic overall configuration of a rotary compressor unit having a low pressure stage compressor and a high pressure compressor of tooth type for example. Referring toFIG.1 , the rotary compressor unit comprises a low pressure stage compressor(hereafter referred to as LP compressor)11, a high pressure stage compressor (hereafter referred to as HP compressor)12, a LP compressor driving electric motor(hereafter referred to as LP motor)13 connected directly to theLP compressor 11, and a HP compressor driving electric motor(hereafter referred to as HP motor)14 connected directly to theHP compressor 12. Further, a LP motor controlling inverter circuit (hereafter referred to as LP inverter circuit) 15 for varying rotation speed of theLP motor 13 by varying frequency of power supply toLP motor 13 and a HP motor controlling inverter circuit (hereafter referred to as HP inverter circuit) 16 for varying rotation speed of theHP motor 14 by varying frequency of power supply to theHP motor 14 are provided. - Gas g to be compressed sucked into the
LP compressor 11 is compressed for example to 0.2 MPa by theLP compressor 11. The compressed gas discharged from theLP compressor 11 is cooled through anintercooler 18 provided in adischarge flow path 17 and then sucked into theHP compressor 12 to be further compressed for example to 0.7 MPa. - The gas compressed through the
HP compressor 12 and discharged therefrom is cooled through anaftercooler 20 provided in adischarge flow path 19 and then supplied to user equipment. Apressure sensor 21 is provided at the downstream side of theaftercooler 20 to detect the discharge pressure of theHP compressor 12. Further, acontroller 22 is provided to control theLP inverter circuit 15 andHP inverter circuit 16 based on the discharge pressure detected by thepressure sensor 21. - Discharge gas pressure of the
HP compressor 12 detected by thepressure sensor 21 attached to thedischarge flow path 19 is inputted to thecontroller 22. Thecontroller 22 controls theLP inverter circuit 15 andHP inverter circuit 16 so that optimal load balancing of theLP compressor 11 andHP compressor 12 is achieved by controlling the rotation speed of each compressor independently. - When operating the compressor unit to produce a discharge pressure lower than the rated pressure, for example, when operating a compressor unit of rated discharge pressure of 0. 7 MPa to produce discharge pressure of 0.5 MPa as indicated by the lateral line y in
FIG.6 , thecontroller 22 controls so that the rotation speed of theLP compressor 11 is larger than that of theHP compressor 12 to achieve load balancing of thecompressors
There may be a case the compressor unit is operated to produce a discharge pressure of 0.8 MPa as shown by the lateral line z inFIG. 6 . In such a case, thecontroller 22 controls so that the rotation speed of theHP compressor 12 is larger than that of theLP compressor 11 to achieve load balancing of thecompressors - By controlling rotation speed of the
LP compressor 11 and that of theHP compressor 12 independently in this way, load balancing of theLP compressor 11 andHP compressor 12 is always achieved even when the compressor unit is operated to produce a discharge pressure different from the rated discharge pressure of the unit. Therefore the compressor unit can be operated always with optimal compression efficiency irrelevant to required discharge pressure of the compressor unit, as a result, efficient operation of the compressor unit can be always achieved, and in addition, endurance of the compressor unit can be improved. - As the discharge pressure of the
HP compressor 12 is detected by thepressure sensor 21 and rotation speed of the LP andHP compressors HP inverter circuits LP compressor 11 andHP compressor 12 can be achieved with a high degree of accuracy in accordance with various discharge pressures of theHP compressor 12. - Next, a second embodiment of the invention will be explained referring to
FIG.2 . InFIG.2 , constituents same as those ofFIG.1 are denoted by the same reference numerals and explanation of them is omitted. Different point of the second embodiment ofFIG.2 from the first embodiment ofFIG.1 is that anintermediate pressure sensor 31 is provided to thedischarge flow path 17 to detect discharge pressure of theLP compressor 11. Otherwise is the same as the first embodiment ofFIG.1 . The pressure value detected by theintermediate pressure sensor 31 is inputted to thecontroller 22 in addition to the pressure value detected by thepressure sensor 21, and rotation speed of the LP andHP compressors HP inverter circuits - With this configuration of the second embodiment, not only the discharge pressure of the
HP compressor 12 is detected in thedischarge flow path 19 but also the discharge pressure of theLP compressor 11 is detected in thedischarge flow path 17, and optimal load balancing of theLP compressor 11 andHP compressor 12 can be achieved based on both the discharge pressure of the LP compressor and HP compressor. Therefore, further efficient operation of the compressor unit can be achieved. - Next, a third embodiment of the invention will be explained referring to
FIG.3 . InFIG.3 , constituents the same as those ofFIG.2 are denoted by the same reference numerals and explanation of them is omitted. Difference of the third embodiment ofFIG. 3 from the second embodiment ofFIG. 2 is that a singleelectric motor 41 is employed to drive the compressor unit, a variable speed gear (hereafter referred to as LP transmission) 43 is provided for varying the rotation speed of theLP compressor 11, a variable speed gear (hereafter referred to as HP transmission) 44 is provided for varying the rotation speed of theHP compressor 12, and agear box 42 is connected to theelectric motor 41, whereby theLP compressor 11 andHP compressor 12 are driven via theLP transmission 43 andHP transmission 44 respectively. Otherwise is the same as the second embodiment ofFIG.2 . - With the compressor unit of the third embodiment, rotation of the
electric motor 41 is transmitted to the LP andHP compressors gear box 42 and via the LP andHP transmissions LP transmission 43 andHP transmission 44 are controlled by thecontroller 22. Therefore, rotation speed of theLP compressor 11 andHP compressor 12 can be controlled independently. - As the rotation speed of the LP compressor and that of the HP compressor can be controlled independently, the compressor unit can be controlled so that optimal load-balancing of the
LP compressor 11 andHP compressor 12 is always achieved when the compressor unit is operated to produce a discharge pressure different from the rated discharge pressure of the unit. Therefore, the compressor unit is always operated efficiently, and in addition, endurance of the compressor unit can be improved. - By detecting the discharge pressure of the
HP compressor 12 andLP compressors 11 by thepressure sensor 21 andintermediate pressure sensor 31 and controlling the rotation speed of theHP compressor 12 andLP compressor 11 based on the detected pressures, optimal load-balancing of theLP compressor 11 andHP compressor 12 can be maintained with a high degree of accuracy in accordance with various discharge pressures. Further, as the compressor unit is driven by the singleelectric motor 41, installation space plant cost can be saved. - Although a case of the compressor unit comprised of two compressors, the low stage and high stage compressors connected in series is explained in the foregoing, it can be easily understood that similar effect can be obtained when one or more intermediate pressure stage compressors driven separately are connected in series with the low stage and high stage compressors.
- According to the invention, compressor unit comprised of a plurality of compressors connected in series can be controlled such that rotation speed of each of the compressors is varied independently, optimal load-balancing of the compressors is achieved, as a result operation of the compressor unit can be performed efficiently.
Claims (7)
- A method of controlling operation of a rotary compressor unit comprised of a low pressure stage compressor and a high pressure stage compressor connected in series, whereinsaid low pressure stage and high pressure stage compressors are driven by driving devices each for driving each compressor or by a single driving device via variable speed gears each connected to each compressor and driven by said single driving device, androtation speed of each of said compressors is controlled independently in accordance with various operating conditions of the compressor unit so that loads of said compressors are balanced.
- A method of controlling operation of a rotary compressor unit according to claim 1, wherein discharge side gas pressure of the high pressure stage compressor is detected or discharge side gas pressure of the high pressure stage compressor and discharge side gas pressure of the low pressure stage compressor are detected, and rotation speed of each of the compressors is controlled independently based on the detected pressure value or values.
- A rotary compressor unit comprised of a low pressure stage compressor and a high pressure stage compressor connected in series, whereineach of said low pressure stage compressor and high pressure stage compressor has a driving device for driving each of the compressors respectively and each driving device is provided with an inverter circuit for varying frequency of power supply to said each driving device, anda controller is provided to control rotation speed of said each driving device via said each inverter circuit in accordance with various operating conditions of the compressor unit so that loads of said compressors are balanced.
- A rotary compressor unit comprised of a low pressure stage compressor and a high pressure stage compressor connected in series, comprising:a single driving device for driving said low pressure stage and high pressure stage compressors,a variable speed gear connected to said low pressure stage compressor and driven by said single driving device,another variable speed gear connected to said high pressure stage compressor and driven by said single driving device, anda controller for controlling rotation speed of each of said compressors independently via each of said variable speed gears in accordance with various operating conditions of the compressor unit so that loads of said compressors are balanced.
- A rotary compressor unit according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a pressure sensor for detecting discharge side gas pressure of the high pressure stage compressor is provided or a pressure sensor for detecting discharge side gas pressure of a low pressure stage compressor is further provided in addition to said pressure sensor for detecting discharge side gas pressure of the high pressure stage compressor, and rotation speed of each of the compressors is controlled independently based on the pressure detected by the pressure sensor or sensors.
- A method of controlling operation of a rotary compressor unit according to claim 1 or 2 further comprising one or more of intermediate pressure stage compressor or compressors connected in series with said low and high pressure stage compressors, the intermediate pressure stage compressor or compressors being driven separately by a separate driving device or devices or by said single driving device via a separate variable gear or gears and controlled in rotation speed independently so that load balancing of all of the compressors is achieved.
- A rotary compressor unit according to any one of claims 3-5 further comprising one or more of intermediate pressure stage compressor or compressors connected in series with said low and high pressure stage compressors, the intermediate pressure stage compressor or compressors being driven separately by a separate driving device or devices or by said single driving device via a separate variable gear or gears and controlled in rotation speed independently so that load balancing of all of the compressors is achieved.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007095584A JP5071967B2 (en) | 2007-03-30 | 2007-03-30 | Rotary compressor and operation control method thereof |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1975415A2 true EP1975415A2 (en) | 2008-10-01 |
EP1975415A3 EP1975415A3 (en) | 2012-05-23 |
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ID=39629130
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP08002967A Withdrawn EP1975415A3 (en) | 2007-03-30 | 2008-02-18 | Rotary compressor unit and method of controlling operation thereof |
Country Status (4)
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US (1) | US20080240953A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1975415A3 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5071967B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101275564A (en) |
Cited By (1)
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BE1018096A3 (en) * | 2008-04-14 | 2010-05-04 | Atlas Copco Airpower Nv | Multi-stage compressor controlling method for compressed air system e.g. absorption dryer, involves controlling exhaust temperature of one compressor element or intermediate pressure between two linked compressor elements |
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KR101381085B1 (en) * | 2007-11-13 | 2014-04-10 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 2 stage rotary compressor |
JP4818410B2 (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2011-11-16 | オリオン機械株式会社 | Claw pump exhaust structure and exhaust method |
US8011191B2 (en) | 2009-09-30 | 2011-09-06 | Thermo Fisher Scientific (Asheville) Llc | Refrigeration system having a variable speed compressor |
JP5584862B2 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2014-09-10 | オリオン機械株式会社 | Biaxial rotary pump and manufacturing method thereof |
CN102330687B (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2014-06-04 | 宁波奥克斯电气有限公司 | Method for controlling compressor load during normal operation of screw type compression multi-split air conditioner |
US9618242B2 (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2017-04-11 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method for controlling a thermal storage heat pump system |
KR101983697B1 (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2019-06-04 | 한온시스템 주식회사 | Method for controlling electric compressor of heat pump system for a automotive vehicle |
JP6670645B2 (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2020-03-25 | 株式会社日立産機システム | Multi-stage compressor |
DE102017107601B4 (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2019-11-07 | Gardner Denver Deutschland Gmbh | Method for controlling a screw compressor |
CN107605732B (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2019-12-03 | 深圳市英威腾电气股份有限公司 | A kind of control method of double-stage compressor, control device and control system |
CN112610522B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2023-01-24 | 浙江中控技术股份有限公司 | Control method of series compressor unit and related equipment |
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-
2008
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- 2008-03-18 CN CNA2008100830204A patent/CN101275564A/en active Pending
- 2008-03-31 US US12/058,902 patent/US20080240953A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JPH01193089A (en) | 1988-01-29 | 1989-08-03 | Toshiba Corp | Rotary compressor |
JPH046349A (en) | 1990-04-24 | 1992-01-10 | Toshiba Corp | Refrigerating cycle apparatus |
JP2002039079A (en) | 2000-07-24 | 2002-02-06 | Anest Iwata Corp | Scroll machine, its assembling method and its synchronizing method |
JP2004360464A (en) | 2003-06-02 | 2004-12-24 | Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd | Variable speed control type oil-less screw compression device |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP5071967B2 (en) | 2012-11-14 |
EP1975415A3 (en) | 2012-05-23 |
CN101275564A (en) | 2008-10-01 |
US20080240953A1 (en) | 2008-10-02 |
JP2008255799A (en) | 2008-10-23 |
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