EP1968355B1 - Induction coil and device for inductive heating of workpieces - Google Patents

Induction coil and device for inductive heating of workpieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1968355B1
EP1968355B1 EP20070004759 EP07004759A EP1968355B1 EP 1968355 B1 EP1968355 B1 EP 1968355B1 EP 20070004759 EP20070004759 EP 20070004759 EP 07004759 A EP07004759 A EP 07004759A EP 1968355 B1 EP1968355 B1 EP 1968355B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
induction coil
turns
flat
turn
coil
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EP20070004759
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1968355A1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Joachim Schwiese
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Trumpf Huettinger GmbH and Co KG
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Huettinger Elektronik GmbH and Co KG
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Priority to EP20070004759 priority Critical patent/EP1968355B1/en
Publication of EP1968355A1 publication Critical patent/EP1968355A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/36—Coil arrangements
    • H05B6/362—Coil arrangements with flat coil conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/36—Coil arrangements
    • H05B6/44—Coil arrangements having more than one coil or coil segment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an induction coil for inductive heating of workpieces, which has a plurality of turns, wherein at least one of the turns is at least partially flat, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a device for inductive heating of workpieces, comprising a high-frequency generator (HF generator) in signal-operative connection with at least one induction coil, according to the preamble of patent claim 11.
  • a high-frequency generator HF generator
  • Such devices are used for inductive heating of workpieces containing electrically conductive components, and are used for example for the hardening of workpieces, for joining (welding, gluing) of workpieces or for sealing containers.
  • Devices for inductive heating basically consist of a high-frequency generator and an induction coil (or in short: coil), which is usually arranged in a processing head.
  • the coil is either flat in a plane or three-dimensional, in particular helical or tunnel-shaped, wound. It usually consists either of copper pipe, which is flowed through with water for cooling, or of stranded wire. Coils made of stranded wire can be cooled by air. It is also known to surround the coil with a Ferrritumhüllung that focuses the electromagnetic field in the direction of application.
  • the coil is typically incorporated in a series or parallel resonant circuit that is driven near the resonant frequency to produce current spikes in the coil. Due to the electromagnetic field of the induction coil eddy currents are generated in the electrically conductive components of the workpieces, which lead to a warming.
  • the machining head which contains the induction coil, is often arranged above a conveying device, with the aid of which the workpieces to be heated under the coil or through it. It is also possible to immerse the workpieces in the coil or coil in the workpieces.
  • An induction coil for inductive heating of workpieces having a plurality of turns is known from US 5,156,237 DE 23 31 004 known.
  • a planar winding is surrounded in a radially inner region by a single, radially outer winding, wherein both windings are arranged concentrically in a common plane.
  • the two windings are also arranged concentrically in a common plane, wherein the outer winding is arranged in a groove of the inner winding.
  • the invention has for its object to further develop an induction coil or a device of the type mentioned in each case that a high concentration and gain effect on the magnetic field generated and thus the heating effect and energy efficiency can be improved.
  • Efindungsfer is an induction coil for inductive heating of workpieces, which has a plurality of turns, characterized in that the planar winding extends at least over a covered area of the other turns, wherein either the induction coil flat and with a substantially annular, flat Winding under the other, spirally extending turns is formed, wherein the flat winding is parallel to the coil plane of the remaining turns; or the induction coil has helically extending turns, wherein the two-dimensional turn is substantially cylindrical and arranged within the helically extending turns.
  • a device for the inductive heating of workpieces, comprising a high-frequency generator in operative signal connection with at least one induction coil, characterized in that the induction coil is designed as an induction coil according to the invention.
  • the effect of a concentrator can be increased many times when the concentrator is designed as an additional, at least partially or sectionally planar winding of the induction coil, that is, connected in series with a number of the remaining coil turns.
  • the induction coil consists of several turns, wherein at least one of the turns is at least partially flat, and wherein this planar turn or partial turn of at least a portion of the remaining turns inductively, ie by the electromagnetic field of the other turns being affected.
  • the inductive influencing is preferably carried out in that at least a portion of the remaining turns is arranged directly adjacent, parallel or enveloping to the flat (partial) winding, ie, characterized in that the flat winding at least one of the supernatant turns covered area extends.
  • the at least one planar (partial) winding is referred to as a "planar winding" in places, without expressing that this winding is completely, in accordance with the invention. must be formed flat in a whole.
  • the concentration of the magnetic field of an induction coil according to the invention is preferably further improved by the fact that the flat winding of the coil has a shape, e.g. has a recess or bulge with smaller dimensions than the flat turn itself, which extends in the direction of the workpiece.
  • the effect of the magnetic field is focused in this way in the area of the molding on the workpiece.
  • Induction coils with such integrated concentrator, which forms one of the coil turns, can have different geometric embodiments:
  • the induction coil is planar and formed with a substantially annular, flat winding under the other, spirally extending turns, wherein the planar winding is parallel to the coil plane of the other turns.
  • the induction coil is designed as a helical coil with a cylindrical concentrator winding, ie, the planar winding is substantially cylindrical and formed within the arranged helically extending turns, wherein the two-dimensional turn inside for concentration purposes may have a rectangular or conical shape in cross-section.
  • the two-dimensional turn extends inwards beyond the remaining turns, so that only a relatively small-scale recess in the form of a small hole for receiving a workpiece remains inside the flat turn. This causes a strong concentration of energy input at this point in the workpiece.
  • the induction coil is designed as a tunnel coil, each having a flat partial turn on the two parallel sides of the coil (coil halves), wherein the planar winding for concentrating the field without limiting the generality has a rectangular in cross section molding inward.
  • an induction coil in development of the invention is either designed so that one of the remaining turns is soldered to the flat winding, so that these two windings act as a common turn, so are effective, in particular electrically connected.
  • the flat winding is contacted only at its two ends by one of the remaining turns and thus acts as an additional turn of the coil, which is connected in series with all other windings.
  • an insulating layer can be arranged in a further development of the invention, preferably in the form of a Teflon foil.
  • At least the flat winding and particularly preferably all turns of the induction coil according to the invention consist of copper.
  • the formations of the flat winding can be flowed through in the invention as well as the other windings for cooling with water or another cooling medium.
  • Fig. 1 shows a basic schematic representation of an inventive device 1 for inductive heating of workpieces, For example, for sealing containers or containers 2.
  • the device 1 has a high-frequency generator (HF generator) 3 in conjunction with a resonant circuit 4.
  • the oscillating circuit 4 comprises a capacitor 5 which is connected in series with an induction coil (inductance) 6 in order to achieve a current increase.
  • the capacitance can also be arranged parallel to the inductance and then together with this form a parallel resonant circuit.
  • At least the induction coil 6 is arranged in a movable or fixed machining head 1a of the device 1.
  • the movable machining head 1a is movable as a whole in the direction of the double arrows A, A 'in order to adapt the device 1 to different dimensions of the workpieces to be heated, in this case the container 2 to be sealed. It is alternatively also possible that the workpiece 2 moves and the machining head 1 is fixed.
  • the induction coil 6 In the current-carrying state, the induction coil 6 generates an (electro) magnetic field H, in the region of which a container 2 to be sealed is arranged with a container opening or a sealing film 7 present on the container opening.
  • the container 2 is typically moved by means of a conveyor 8, such as a conveyor belt, through the area of the magnetic field H. Thereby, the sealing film 7 is heated and fused with the material of the container 2, so that it is sealed.
  • the scope of the device 1 is by no means limited to the sealing of containers or containers, but can be extended to any type of induction heating of workpieces.
  • Fig. 2a shows an overall perspective view of a first embodiment of the inventive induction coil 6.
  • the induction coil 6 has connection jaws 6a, 6b, which are connected to a conductor 6c in the form of a copper tube.
  • the conductor 6c or the copper tube are in the operation of the induction coil 6 for cooling purposes by a cooling medium, in particular water, flows through.
  • the conductor 6c Starting from the connecting jaw 6a, the conductor 6c initially has a straight course, is then angled downwards and then arranged in the form of a planar spiral, that is to say in the form of helical spiral windings 6c ', 6c "with decreasing diameter or winding radius 6c 'of the conductor 6c is then returned to the connection jaw 6b essentially parallel to the initial course of the conductor 6c from the connection jaw 6a.
  • a further turn of the induction coil 6 is arranged, which is referred to as a planar winding 6d is formed with a relative to the other conductor 6c enlarged (top) surface is formed.
  • the flat winding 6d is formed in the form of an open ring made of copper and has corresponding at 6e a slot and an inner space 6f (recess), the Recording of workpieces to be heated (not shown here) serve
  • a considerable concentration and amplification of the magnetic field generated by the induction coil 6 takes place in the region of the free space 6f and below the coil turns.
  • the workpieces to be heated are arranged either below the induction coil 6 or within the free space 6f. Further details of the induction coil 6 according to Fig. 2a are in Fig. 2b shown.
  • Fig. 2b shows a sectional view of the induction coil 6 according to Fig. 2a along the line II in Fig. 2a ,
  • a Teflon film may be arranged.
  • the inner spiral turn 6c 'does not contact the two-dimensional turn 6d over the slit 6e, so that the two-dimensional turn 6d effectively cooperates with the inner spiral turn 6c' as one turn of the induction coil 6.
  • it functions as a concentrator, through which the magnetic field of the induction coil 6 concentrates on the region below the spiral turns as well as within the free space 6f and noticeably strengthened in this area.
  • the inner spiral turn 6c ' also serves to cool the flat turn 6d, which itself is not flowed through by water.
  • Fig. 3 shows an overall perspective view of another embodiment of the induction coil 6 according to the invention substantially corresponds to the embodiment according to the FIGS. 2a . b , so that in this case only on relevant differences will be discussed in more detail. While the flat turn 6d in the embodiment according to the FIGS. 2a . b is formed limited by one of the remaining (spiral) turns 6c ', 6c "covered area, the embodiment according to Fig. 3 In that the planar winding 6d extends beyond an area covered by the remaining (spiral) windings 6c ', 6c " Fig.
  • the flat winding 6d extends inwardly over the course of the inner spiral turn 6c ', so that at an inner end of the slit 6e only one opposite to the embodiment of FIGS. 2a . b in its dimensions greatly reduced space 6f remains in the form of a hole. This serves to accommodate workpieces of smaller dimensions, with a correspondingly increased concentration of the magnetic field of the induction coil 6 takes place in this area.
  • Fig. 4a shows a perspective view of a further embodiment of the induction coil 6 according to the invention.
  • this has an angle-shaped holding part 6g, on which the conductor 6c is guided in isolation.
  • the windings 6c ', 6c "of the induction coil 6 extend in a helical manner, the two-dimensional turn 6d being substantially cylindrical and arranged within the helically extending remaining windings 6c', 6c" of the induction coil 6.
  • the annular planar winding of the embodiments according to the FIGS. 2a . b and 3 also indicates the two-dimensional turn 6d of the embodiment Fig. 4a a slot 6e.
  • the two-dimensional turn 6d is electrically insulated by an insulating layer 6h in the form of a Teflon foil, the latter having openings at 6i and 6j at which the two inner of the remaining coil turns 6c 'are electrically conductive with the flat turn 6d connected to both sides of the slot 6 e, preferably soldered, are, so that the flat winding 6 d effectively acts as an additional turn of the induction coil 6.
  • Fig. 4b shows the induction coil 6 according to Fig. 4a according to a section along the line II-II in Fig. 4a
  • the planar winding 6d has an encircling hollow formation 6k that extends inwards, that is to say in the region of the free space 6f, with respect to the remaining windings 6c ', 6c ", which is rectangular in cross section
  • Formations 6k is thus again provided with an area of lesser dimension (smaller diameter) so that a magnetic field generated by the induction coil 6 is concentrated and amplified in the free space 6f, in particular between the formations 6k of the planar coil 6d Fig. 4a and Fig.
  • the inner, hollow coil turns 6c ' connected to the openings 6i and 6j with the hollow shape 6k, so that during operation of the induction coil 6, the cooling medium, preferably water, both the coil turns 6', 6c "and the formation 6k and the conductor 6c flows through in a common cooling circuit.
  • the cooling medium preferably water
  • Fig. 5 shows by means of a representation, the perspective of those in Fig. 4b corresponds to a further embodiment of the induction coil 6 according to the invention.
  • the flat winding 6d of the induction coil 6 has an inwardly extending hollow formation 6k, which is cone-shaped in cross-section. This way is opposite to in Fig. 4b shown embodiment of the induction coil 6 reaches a reinforced cooling effect on the flat turn 6d.
  • a cylindrical Ferrritumhüllung 9 is shown with a U-shaped inner profile, which surrounds the induction coil 6 and additionally focuses the magnetic field of the coil on the coil interior.
  • Analogously designed ferrite cladding can also be used in all other induction coils according to the invention shown.
  • the internal formation of the flat turn 6d or its shape 6k is not based on the embodiments according to FIGS FIGS. 4b and 5 limited.
  • Various further shaping geometries for generating correspondingly concentrated magnetic fields in the free space 6f of the induction coil 6 are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 shows an induction coil 6, which is formed as a tunnel coil with two substantially parallel coil halves 6 ', 6 ".
  • (Coil) conductor 6c consists of stranded wire and forms in the region of the two coil halves 6', 6" in each case a number of parallel conductor sections which are connected to coil windings via conductor loops 6I, 6I '.
  • a planar partial turn 6d, 6d' is arranged, which is contacted at points 6i 'and 6j' (and analogously for the coil half 6", not visible here) through the conductor 6c (eg screwed or soldered to it) so as to act as an additional partial turn of the corresponding coil half 6 ', 6 ".
  • the two planar partial turns 6d, 6d' have on their inner side, that is to say, their side facing the respective other coil half hollow shape 6k, 6k ', which according to the present example is rectangular in cross-section, deviating configurations of the formations 6k, 6k' are of course possible, in particular a conical configuration according to FIG Fig. 5 What the expert readily recognizes.
  • the formation 6k, 6k ' is in the operation of the induction coil 6 by a cooling medium, preferably of water, flows through.

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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Induktionsspule zum induktiven Erwärmen von Werkstücken, die eine Mehrzahl von Windungen aufweist, wobei wenigstens eine der Windungen zumindest teilweise flächig ausgebildet ist, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The present invention relates to an induction coil for inductive heating of workpieces, which has a plurality of turns, wherein at least one of the turns is at least partially flat, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zum induktiven Erwärmen von Werkstücken, aufweisend einen Hochfrequenzgenerator (HF-Generator) in signaltechnischer Wirkverbindung mit wenigstens einer Induktionsspule, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 11.Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for inductive heating of workpieces, comprising a high-frequency generator (HF generator) in signal-operative connection with at least one induction coil, according to the preamble of patent claim 11.

Derartige Vorrichtungen dienen zum induktiven Erwärmen von Werkstücken, die elektrisch leitfähige Komponenten enthalten, und werden beispielsweise zum Härten von Werkstücken, zum Verbinden (Schweißen, Kleben) von Werkstücken oder zum Versiegeln von Behältern eingesetzt.Such devices are used for inductive heating of workpieces containing electrically conductive components, and are used for example for the hardening of workpieces, for joining (welding, gluing) of workpieces or for sealing containers.

Vorrichtungen zum induktiven Erwärmen bestehen grundsätzlich aus einem Hochfrequenzgenerator und einer Induktionsspule (oder kurz: Spule), die meistens in einem Bearbeitungskopf angeordnet ist. Die Spule ist dabei entweder flach in einer Ebene oder auch dreidimensional, insbesondere helix- oder tunnelförmig, gewickelt. Sie besteht normalerweise entweder aus Kupferrohr, das zur Kühlung mit Wasser durchströmt wird, oder aus Litzendraht. Bei Spulen aus Litzendraht kann die Kühlung durch Luft erfolgen. Außerdem ist bekannt, die Spule mit einer Ferritumhüllung zu umgeben, die das elektromagnetische Feld in die Anwendungsrichtung fokussiert. Die Spule ist in der Regel in einen seriellen oder parallelen Schwingkreis eingebunden, der nahe der Resonanzfrequenz angesteuert wird, um Stromüberhöhungen in der Spule zu erzeugen. Durch das elektromagnetische Feld der Induktionsspule werden in den elektrisch leitfähigen Komponenten der Werkstücke gezielt Wirbelströme erzeugt, die zu einer Erwärmung führen.Devices for inductive heating basically consist of a high-frequency generator and an induction coil (or in short: coil), which is usually arranged in a processing head. The coil is either flat in a plane or three-dimensional, in particular helical or tunnel-shaped, wound. It usually consists either of copper pipe, which is flowed through with water for cooling, or of stranded wire. Coils made of stranded wire can be cooled by air. It is also known to surround the coil with a Ferrritumhüllung that focuses the electromagnetic field in the direction of application. The coil is typically incorporated in a series or parallel resonant circuit that is driven near the resonant frequency to produce current spikes in the coil. Due to the electromagnetic field of the induction coil eddy currents are generated in the electrically conductive components of the workpieces, which lead to a warming.

Der Bearbeitungskopf, der die Induktionsspule enthält, ist häufig über einer Fördervorrichtung angeordnet, mit deren Hilfe die zu erwärmenden Werkstücke unter der Spule oder durch sie hindurch befördert werden. Es ist ebenso möglich, die Werkstücke in die Spule oder die Spule in die Werkstücke einzutauchen.The machining head, which contains the induction coil, is often arranged above a conveying device, with the aid of which the workpieces to be heated under the coil or through it. It is also possible to immerse the workpieces in the coil or coil in the workpieces.

Aus der DE 918158 B und der DE 1132671 A ist bekannt, in einer helixförmigen Induktionsspule einen sogenannten "Konzentrator" anzuordnen, der aus Kupfer besteht, in einem geringen, endlichen Abstand zu den Windungen der Spule angeordnet ist und einen bis nahe an den zu erhitzenden Körper heranreichenden Flansch besitzt, um das magnetische Feld an der Heizstelle zu konzentrieren.From the DE 918158 B and the DE 1132671 A It is known to arrange in a helical induction coil a so-called "concentrator", which consists of copper, is arranged at a small, finite distance from the turns of the coil and has a close to the body to be heated zooming flange to the magnetic field to concentrate the heating station.

Aus der US 5,048,260 ist eine induktiv arbeitende Versiegelungsmaschine bekannt, bei der längs paralleler Abschnitte einer einwindigen Tunnelspule gerade Abschnitte aus dem Material der Tunnelspule durch Löten mit dieser verbunden sind, um das Magnetfeld der Spule zu homogenisieren und zu konzentrieren.From the US 5,048,260 is an inductively-sealing machine known in which longitudinally parallel portions of a single-winding tunnel coil straight portions of the material of the tunnel coil by soldering are connected thereto to homogenize the magnetic field of the coil and concentrate.

Eine Induktionsspule zum induktiven Erwärmen von Werkstücken, die eine Mehrzahl von Windungen aufweist, ist aus der DE 23 31 004 bekannt. Bei der dort beschriebenen Spule ist eine flächige Windung in einem radial innen liegenden Bereich von einer einzigen, radial außen liegenden Windung umgeben, wobei beide Windungen konzentrisch in einer gemeinsamen Ebene angeordnet sind.An induction coil for inductive heating of workpieces having a plurality of turns is known from US 5,156,237 DE 23 31 004 known. In the case of the coil described there, a planar winding is surrounded in a radially inner region by a single, radially outer winding, wherein both windings are arranged concentrically in a common plane.

In der DE 23 57 688 sind wie in der DE 23 31 004 die beiden Windungen ebenfalls konzentrisch in einer gemeinsamen Ebene angeordnet, wobei die äußere Windung in einer Nut der inneren Windung angeordnet ist.In the DE 23 57 688 are like in the DE 23 31 004 the two windings are also arranged concentrically in a common plane, wherein the outer winding is arranged in a groove of the inner winding.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Induktionsspule bzw. eine Vorrichtung der jeweils eingangs genannten Art dahingehend weiter zu entwickeln, dass eine hohe Konzentrations- und Verstärkungswirkung auf das erzeugte Magnetfeld erreicht und damit die Heizwirkung und die Energieeffizienz verbessert werden.The invention has for its object to further develop an induction coil or a device of the type mentioned in each case that a high concentration and gain effect on the magnetic field generated and thus the heating effect and energy efficiency can be improved.

Die Aufgabe wird durch eine Induktionsspule mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 und durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 11 gelöst.The object is achieved by an induction coil having the features of patent claim 1 and by a device having the features of patent claim 11.

Efindungsgemäß ist eine Induktionsspule zum induktiven Erwärmen von Werkstücken, die eine Mehrzahl von Windungen aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die flächige Windung sich zumindest über einen von den übrigen Windungen überdeckten Bereich erstreckt, wobei entweder die Induktionsspule eben und mit einer im Wesentlichen ringförmig ausgebildeten, flächigen Windung unter den übrigen, spiralförmig verlaufenden Windungen ausgebildet ist, wobei die flächige Windung parallel zur Spulenebene der übrigen Windungen verläuft; oder die Induktionsspule helixförmig verlaufende Windungen aufweist, wobei die flächige Windung im Wesentlichen zylinderförmig ausgebildet und innerhalb der helixförmig verlaufenden Windungen angeordnet ist.Efindungsgemäß is an induction coil for inductive heating of workpieces, which has a plurality of turns, characterized in that the planar winding extends at least over a covered area of the other turns, wherein either the induction coil flat and with a substantially annular, flat Winding under the other, spirally extending turns is formed, wherein the flat winding is parallel to the coil plane of the remaining turns; or the induction coil has helically extending turns, wherein the two-dimensional turn is substantially cylindrical and arranged within the helically extending turns.

Darüber hinaus ist eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum induktiven Erwärmen von Werkstücken, aufweisend einen Hochfrequenzgenerator in signaltechnischer Wirkverbindung mit wenigstens einer Induktionsspule, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Induktionsspule als eine erfindungsgemäße Induktionsspule ausgebildet ist.In addition, a device according to the invention for the inductive heating of workpieces, comprising a high-frequency generator in operative signal connection with at least one induction coil, characterized in that the induction coil is designed as an induction coil according to the invention.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind jeweils Gegenstand von Unteransprüchen, deren Wortlaut hiermit durch ausdrückliche Bezugnahme in die vorliegende Beschreibung aufgenommen wird, um unnötige Textwiederholungen zu vermeiden.Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject matter of subclaims, the wording of which is hereby incorporated by express reference into the present description in order to avoid unnecessary text repetitions.

Es ist überraschender Weise erkannt worden, dass sich die Wirkung eines Konzentrators um ein Vielfaches steigern lässt, wenn der Konzentrator als zusätzliche, wenigstens teil- oder abschnittweise flächige Wicklung der Induktionsspule ausgeführt wird, d.h. mit einer Anzahl der übrigen Spulenwindungen in Reihe geschaltet ist. In einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Induktionserwärmung besteht also die Induktionsspule aus mehreren Windungen, wobei mindestens eine der Windungen wenigstens teilweise flächig ausgeführt ist, und wobei diese flächige Windung bzw. Teilwindung von zumindest einem Teil der übrigen Windungen induktiv, d.h. durch das elektromagnetische Feld der übrigen Windungen beeinflusst wird. Die induktive Beeinflussung erfolgt dabei vorzugsweise dadurch, dass zumindest ein Teil der übrigen Windungen direkt benachbart, parallel oder umhüllend zu der flächigen (Teil-)Windung angeordnet ist, d.h. dadurch, dass die flächige Windung sich zumindest über einen von den überigen Windungen überdeckten Bereich erstreckt. Mit einer solchen erfindungsgemäßen Spulenform lässt sich mit deutlich geringerer Ausgangsleistung des HF-Generators ein besserer Energieeintrag in die Werkstücke erreichen als mit den im Stand der Technik beschriebenen Induktionsspulen. Es wird nicht nur eine Konzentration, sondern auch eine deutliche Verstärkung des Magnetfelds der Induktionsspule am Ort des Werkstücks erreicht.It has surprisingly been recognized that the effect of a concentrator can be increased many times when the concentrator is designed as an additional, at least partially or sectionally planar winding of the induction coil, that is, connected in series with a number of the remaining coil turns. In an apparatus according to the invention for induction heating, therefore, the induction coil consists of several turns, wherein at least one of the turns is at least partially flat, and wherein this planar turn or partial turn of at least a portion of the remaining turns inductively, ie by the electromagnetic field of the other turns being affected. The inductive influencing is preferably carried out in that at least a portion of the remaining turns is arranged directly adjacent, parallel or enveloping to the flat (partial) winding, ie, characterized in that the flat winding at least one of the supernatant turns covered area extends. With such a coil form according to the invention, a significantly better energy input into the workpieces can be achieved with significantly lower output power of the HF generator than with the induction coils described in the prior art. Not only a concentration, but also a significant amplification of the magnetic field of the induction coil at the location of the workpiece is achieved.

Im Folgenden wird die wenigstens eine flächige (Teil-)Windung stellenweise vereinfachend nur als "flächige Windung" bezeichnet, ohne dass hierdurch ausgedrückt werden soll, dass diese Windung erfindungsgemäß vollständig, d.h. in einer Gesamtheit flächig ausgebildet sein muss.In the following, the at least one planar (partial) winding is referred to as a "planar winding" in places, without expressing that this winding is completely, in accordance with the invention. must be formed flat in a whole.

Die Konzentration des magnetischen Feldes einer erfindungsgemäßen Induktionsspule wird vorzugsweise noch weiter dadurch verbessert, dass die flächig ausgeführte Windung der Spule eine Ausformung, z.B. eine Ausnehmung oder Auswölbung mit geringeren Abmessungen als die flächige Windung selbst aufweist, die sich in Richtung auf das Werkstück erstreckt. Die Wirkung des magnetischen Feldes wird auf diese Weise im Bereich der Ausformung auf das Werkstück fokussiert.The concentration of the magnetic field of an induction coil according to the invention is preferably further improved by the fact that the flat winding of the coil has a shape, e.g. has a recess or bulge with smaller dimensions than the flat turn itself, which extends in the direction of the workpiece. The effect of the magnetic field is focused in this way in the area of the molding on the workpiece.

Induktionsspulen mit derart integriertem Konzentrator, welcher eine der Spulenwindungen bildet, können verschiedene geometrischen Ausführungsformen aufweisen:Induction coils with such integrated concentrator, which forms one of the coil turns, can have different geometric embodiments:

Gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform ist die Induktionsspule eben und mit einer im Wesentlichen ringförmig ausgebildeten, flächigen Windung unter den übrigen, spiralförmig verlaufenden Windungen ausgebildet, wobei die flächige Windung parallel zur Spulenebene der übrigen Windungen verläuft. Dadurch wird das magnetische Feld unter den Windungen und im Bereich einer ggf. vorhandenen Ausnehmung der flächigen Windung verstärkt und homogenisiert.According to a first embodiment, the induction coil is planar and formed with a substantially annular, flat winding under the other, spirally extending turns, wherein the planar winding is parallel to the coil plane of the other turns. As a result, the magnetic field is amplified and homogenized under the turns and in the region of a possibly existing recess of the flat turn.

Gemäß einer zweiten, alternativen Ausführungsform ist die Induktionsspule als helixförmige Spule mit zylinderförmiger Konzentrator-Wicklung ausgebildet, d.h. die flächige Windung ist im Wesentlichen zylinderförmig ausgebildet und innerhalb der helixförmig verlaufenden Windungen angeordnet, wobei die flächige Windung nach innen zu Konzentrierungszwecken eine im Querschnitt rechteckige oder konusförmige Ausformung aufweisen kann.According to a second alternative embodiment, the induction coil is designed as a helical coil with a cylindrical concentrator winding, ie, the planar winding is substantially cylindrical and formed within the arranged helically extending turns, wherein the two-dimensional turn inside for concentration purposes may have a rectangular or conical shape in cross-section.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung erstreckt sich die flächige Windung über die übrigen Windungen hinaus nach innen, so dass im Inneren der flächigen Windung nur eine relativ kleinskalige Ausnehmung in Form eines kleinen Lochs für die Aufnahme eines Werkstücks verbleibt. Dies bewirkt eine starke Konzentration des Energieeintrags an dieser Stelle in das Werkstück.According to a further development, the two-dimensional turn extends inwards beyond the remaining turns, so that only a relatively small-scale recess in the form of a small hole for receiving a workpiece remains inside the flat turn. This causes a strong concentration of energy input at this point in the workpiece.

Bei einer nicht erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung ist die Induktionsspule als Tunnelspule mit jeweils einer flächigen Teilwindung auf den beiden Parallelseiten der Spule (Spulenhälften) ausgebildet, wobei die flächige Windung zur Konzentrierung des Feldes ohne Beschränkung der Allgemeinheit eine im Querschnitt rechteckige Ausformung nach innen aufweist.In an embodiment not according to the invention, the induction coil is designed as a tunnel coil, each having a flat partial turn on the two parallel sides of the coil (coil halves), wherein the planar winding for concentrating the field without limiting the generality has a rectangular in cross section molding inward.

Allgemein ist der Aufbau einer Induktionsspule in Weiterbildung der Erfindung entweder so gestaltet, dass eine der übrigen Windungen mit der flächigen Windung verlötet ist, so dass diese beiden Windungen als gemeinsame Windung fungieren, also wirkungsmäßig, insbesondere elektrisch leitend verbunden sind. Alternativ ist die flächige Windung nur an ihren beiden Enden durch jeweils eine der übrigen Windungen kontaktiert und fungiert so als zusätzliche Windung der Spule, die in Reihe zu allen übrigen Windungen geschaltet ist. Zwischen den weiteren Windungen und der flächigen Windung kann in Weiterbildung der Erfindung eine Isolierschicht angeordnet sein, vorzugsweise in Form einer Teflonfolie.Generally, the structure of an induction coil in development of the invention is either designed so that one of the remaining turns is soldered to the flat winding, so that these two windings act as a common turn, so are effective, in particular electrically connected. Alternatively, the flat winding is contacted only at its two ends by one of the remaining turns and thus acts as an additional turn of the coil, which is connected in series with all other windings. Between the further turns and the flat turn, an insulating layer can be arranged in a further development of the invention, preferably in the form of a Teflon foil.

Vorzugsweise bestehen zumindest die flächige Windung und besonders bevorzugt alle Windungen der erfindungsgemäßen Induktionsspule aus Kupfer.Preferably, at least the flat winding and particularly preferably all turns of the induction coil according to the invention consist of copper.

Die Ausformungen der flächigen Windung können in Weiterbildung der Erfindung ebenso wie die übrigen Windungen zur Kühlung mit Wasser oder einem anderen Kühlmedium durchströmt sein.The formations of the flat winding can be flowed through in the invention as well as the other windings for cooling with water or another cooling medium.

Um die Wirkung des magnetischen Spulenfeldes noch stärker am Ort des Werkstücks zu konzentrieren, kann die Spule auf ihrer dem Werkstück abgewandten Seite mit einer Umhüllung aus magnetisch gut und elektrisch schlecht leitendem Material, vorzugsweise aus Ferrit, umgeben sein, die das Magnetfeld der Spule begrenzt und in Anwendungsrichtung fokussiert.To concentrate the effect of the magnetic coil field even more at the location of the workpiece, the coil on its side facing away from the workpiece with a sheath of magnetically good and electrically poorly conductive material, preferably ferrite, be surrounded, which limits the magnetic field of the coil and focused in application direction.

Weitere Vorteile und Eigenschaften der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen anhand der Zeichnung. Aus den einzelnen Ausführungsbeispielen zu entnehmende Merkmale können einzeln oder in Kombination bei Ausgestaltungen der vorliegenden Erfindung verwirklicht sein. Es zeigt/zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine grundlegende schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum induktiven Erwärmen von Werkstücken;
Fig. 2a, b
verschiedene Ansichten einer ersten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Induktionsspule;
Fig. 3
eine zweite Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Induktionsspule;
Fig. 4a, b
verschiedene Ansichten einer dritten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Induktionsspule;
Fig. 5
eine vierte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Induktionsspule; und
Fig. 6
eine Ausgestaltung einer Induktionsspule als Tunnelspule.
Further advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. Features to be taken from the individual embodiments may be implemented individually or in combination in embodiments of the present invention. It shows / shows:
Fig. 1
a basic schematic representation of an inventive device for inductive heating of workpieces;
Fig. 2a, b
different views of a first embodiment of the induction coil according to the invention;
Fig. 3
a second embodiment of the induction coil according to the invention;
Fig. 4a, b
different views of a third embodiment of the induction coil according to the invention;
Fig. 5
a fourth embodiment of the induction coil according to the invention; and
Fig. 6
an embodiment of an induction coil as a tunnel coil.

Fig. 1 zeigt anhand einer grundlegenden schematischen Darstellung eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 1 zum induktiven Erwärmen von Werkstücken, beispielsweise zum Versiegeln von Behältern oder Gebinden 2. Die Vorrichtung 1 weist einen Hochfrequenzgenerator (HF-Generator) 3 in Verbindung mit einem Schwingkreis 4 auf. Der Schwingkreis 4 umfasst eine Kapazität 5, die zum Erreichen einer Stromüberhöhung mit einer Induktionsspule (Induktivität) 6 in Reihe geschaltet ist. Die Kapazität kann auch parallel zu der Induktivität angeordnet sein und dann zusammen mit dieser einen Parallelschwingkreis bilden. Zumindest die Induktionsspule 6 ist in einem beweglichen oder festen Bearbeitungskopf 1a der Vorrichtung 1 angeordnet. Der bewegliche Bearbeitungskopf 1 a ist als Ganzes in Richtung der Doppelpfeile A, A' beweglich, um die Vorrichtung 1 an unterschiedliche Abmessungen der zu erwärmenden Werkstücke, hier der zu versiegelnden Behälter 2, anzupassen. Es ist alternativ auch möglich, dass sich das Werkstück 2 bewegt und der Bearbeitungskopf 1 fest ist. Im stromdurchflossenen Zustand erzeugt die Induktionsspule 6 ein (elektro-)magnetisches Feld H, in dessen Bereich ein zu versiegelnder Behälter 2 mit einer Behälteröffnung beziehungsweise einer an der Behälteröffnung vorhandenen Siegelfolie 7 angeordnet ist. Der Behälter 2 wird typischerweise mittels einer Fördereinrichtung 8, wie einem Förderband, durch den Bereich des magnetischen Feldes H bewegt. Dadurch wird die Siegelfolie 7 erwärmt und verschmilzt mit dem Material des Behälters 2, so dass dieser versiegelt ist. Fig. 1 shows a basic schematic representation of an inventive device 1 for inductive heating of workpieces, For example, for sealing containers or containers 2. The device 1 has a high-frequency generator (HF generator) 3 in conjunction with a resonant circuit 4. The oscillating circuit 4 comprises a capacitor 5 which is connected in series with an induction coil (inductance) 6 in order to achieve a current increase. The capacitance can also be arranged parallel to the inductance and then together with this form a parallel resonant circuit. At least the induction coil 6 is arranged in a movable or fixed machining head 1a of the device 1. The movable machining head 1a is movable as a whole in the direction of the double arrows A, A 'in order to adapt the device 1 to different dimensions of the workpieces to be heated, in this case the container 2 to be sealed. It is alternatively also possible that the workpiece 2 moves and the machining head 1 is fixed. In the current-carrying state, the induction coil 6 generates an (electro) magnetic field H, in the region of which a container 2 to be sealed is arranged with a container opening or a sealing film 7 present on the container opening. The container 2 is typically moved by means of a conveyor 8, such as a conveyor belt, through the area of the magnetic field H. Thereby, the sealing film 7 is heated and fused with the material of the container 2, so that it is sealed.

Wie der Fachmann erkennt, ist der Anwendungsbereich der Vorrichtung 1 keineswegs auf das Versiegeln von Behältern oder Gebinden beschränkt, sondern kann auf jede Art der induktiven Erwärmung von Werkstücken ausgedehnt werden.As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the scope of the device 1 is by no means limited to the sealing of containers or containers, but can be extended to any type of induction heating of workpieces.

Alternativ zu der exemplarisch gezeigten Ausführungsform ist es je nach Anwendungsgebiet auch möglich, die Werkstücke 2 mittels einer hierfür geeigneten Einrichtung, z.B. durch geeignete Ausgestaltung der Fördereinrichtung 8 bzw. des Bearbeitungskopfes 1a, in die Induktionsspule 6 oder die Induktionsspule 6 selbst in die Werkstücke 2 einzutauchen.As an alternative to the embodiment shown by way of example, it is also possible, depending on the field of application, to place the workpieces 2 by means suitable for this purpose, e.g. by suitable design of the conveyor 8 and the machining head 1a, to immerse in the induction coil 6 or the induction coil 6 itself in the workpieces 2.

Fig. 2a zeigt eine perspektivische Gesamtansicht einer ersten Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Induktionsspule 6. Die Induktionsspule 6 weist Anschlussbacken 6a, 6b auf, die mit einem Leiter 6c in Form eines Kupferrohres verbunden sind. Der Leiter 6c beziehungsweise das Kupferrohr sind im Betrieb der Induktionsspule 6 zu Kühlzwecken von einem Kühlmedium, insbesondere Wasser, durchströmt. Fig. 2a shows an overall perspective view of a first embodiment of the inventive induction coil 6. The induction coil 6 has connection jaws 6a, 6b, which are connected to a conductor 6c in the form of a copper tube. The conductor 6c or the copper tube are in the operation of the induction coil 6 for cooling purposes by a cooling medium, in particular water, flows through.

Ausgehend von der Anschlussbacke 6a weist der Leiter 6c zunächst einen geraden Verlauf auf, ist dann nach unten abgewinkelt und anschließend in Form einer ebenen Spirale, das heißt in Form von schneckenförmigen Spiralwindungen 6c', 6c" mit abnehmendem Durchmesser oder Windungsradius angeordnet. Die innerste Spiralwindung 6c' des Leiters 6c ist anschließend im Wesentlichen parallel zu dem anfänglichen Verlauf des Leiters 6c ausgehend von der Anschlussbacke 6a zu der Anschlussbacke 6b zurückgeführt. Unterhalb der Spiralwindungen des Leiters 6c ist eine weitere Windung der Induktionsspule 6 angeordnet, die als flächige Windung 6d, das heißt mit einer relativ zu dem übrigen Leiter 6c vergrößerten (Ober-)Fläche ausgebildet ist. Die flächige Windung 6d ist in Form eines offenen Rings aus Kupfer ausgebildet und weist entsprechend bei 6e einen Schlitz sowie einen inneren Freiraum 6f (Ausnehmung) auf, der zum Aufnehmen von zu erwärmenden Werkstücken (hier nicht gezeigt) dienen kann. Erfindungsgemäß findet bei Stromfluss durch die Induktionsspule 6 eine erhebliche Konzentration und Verstärkung des durch die Induktionsspule 6 erzeugten Magnetfelds in dem Bereich des Freiraums 6f sowie unterhalb der Spulenwindungen statt. Die zu erwärmenden Werkstücke werden abhängig von ihrer Geometrie entweder unterhalb der Induktionsspule 6 oder innerhalb des Freiraums 6f angeordnet. Weitere Einzelheiten der Induktionsspule 6 gemäß Fig. 2a sind in Fig. 2b dargestellt.Starting from the connecting jaw 6a, the conductor 6c initially has a straight course, is then angled downwards and then arranged in the form of a planar spiral, that is to say in the form of helical spiral windings 6c ', 6c "with decreasing diameter or winding radius 6c 'of the conductor 6c is then returned to the connection jaw 6b essentially parallel to the initial course of the conductor 6c from the connection jaw 6a. Below the spiral turns of the conductor 6c, a further turn of the induction coil 6 is arranged, which is referred to as a planar winding 6d is formed with a relative to the other conductor 6c enlarged (top) surface is formed.The flat winding 6d is formed in the form of an open ring made of copper and has corresponding at 6e a slot and an inner space 6f (recess), the Recording of workpieces to be heated (not shown here) serve According to the invention, when current flows through the induction coil 6, a considerable concentration and amplification of the magnetic field generated by the induction coil 6 takes place in the region of the free space 6f and below the coil turns. Depending on their geometry, the workpieces to be heated are arranged either below the induction coil 6 or within the free space 6f. Further details of the induction coil 6 according to Fig. 2a are in Fig. 2b shown.

Fig. 2b zeigt eine Schnittansicht der Induktionsspule 6 gemäß Fig. 2a entlang der Linie I-I in Fig. 2a. Wie aus dieser Darstellung erkennbar ist, liegt die innere Spiralwindung 6c' an der flächigen Windung 6d an und ist vorzugsweise mit dieser verlötet. Die restlichen Spiralwindungen 6c" sind gegenüber der inneren Spiralwindung 6c' um ein Maß d erhöht angeordnet und berühren die flächige Windung 6d nicht, können sie jedoch induktiv beeinflussen. Zwischen der flächigen Windung 6d und den restlichen Spiralwindungen 6c" kann weiterhin eine nicht gezeigte Isolierschicht in Form einer Teflonfolie angeordnet sein. Wie unter erneuter Bezugnahme auf die Fig. 2a deutlich wird, kontaktiert auch die innere Spiralwindung 6c' die flächige Windung 6d nicht über den Schlitz 6e hinweg, so dass die flächige Windung 6d effektiv zusammen mit der inneren Spiralwindung 6c' als eine Windung der Induktionsspule 6 dient. Sie fungiert zusätzlich - wie bereits erwähnt - als Konzentrator, durch den das magnetische Feld der Induktionsspule 6 auf den Bereich unterhalb der Spiralwindungen sowie innerhalb des Freiraums 6f konzentriert und in diesem Bereich spürbar verstärkt wird. Die innere Spiralwindung 6c' dient darüber hinaus zur Kühlung der flächigen Windung 6d, die selbst nicht wasserdurchströmt ist. Es ist ebenso möglich, nicht die innere Spiralwindung 6c', sondern eine der restlichen Spiralwindungen 6c" mit der flächigen Windung 6d zu verlöten. Vorteilhafterweise wird diejenige der Spiralwindungen 6c', 6c" mit der flächigen Windung 6d verbunden, die dem Ort der größten Wärmeentwicklung am nächsten liegt, also die Spiralwindung 6c', wenn die zu erwärmenden Werkstücke im Freiraum 6f der Induktionsspule angeordnet werden sollen. Fig. 2b shows a sectional view of the induction coil 6 according to Fig. 2a along the line II in Fig. 2a , As can be seen from this illustration, the inner spiral turn 6c 'abuts against the flat turn 6d and is preferably soldered to it. The remaining spiral windings 6c "are arranged elevated in relation to the inner spiral windings 6c 'by a dimension d and do not touch the flat windings 6d, but can influence them inductively.An insulating layer, not shown, can continue to flow between the flat windings 6d and the remaining spiral windings 6c" Form of a Teflon film may be arranged. As with renewed reference to the Fig. 2a As is clear, even the inner spiral turn 6c 'does not contact the two-dimensional turn 6d over the slit 6e, so that the two-dimensional turn 6d effectively cooperates with the inner spiral turn 6c' as one turn of the induction coil 6. In addition, as already mentioned, it functions as a concentrator, through which the magnetic field of the induction coil 6 concentrates on the region below the spiral turns as well as within the free space 6f and noticeably strengthened in this area. The inner spiral turn 6c 'also serves to cool the flat turn 6d, which itself is not flowed through by water. It is also possible not to solder the inner spiral turn 6c ', but one of the remaining spiral turns 6c "to the flat turn 6d Advantageously, that of the spiral turns 6c', 6c" is connected to the flat turn 6d, which is the location of greatest heat development is closest, so the spiral winding 6c ', when the workpieces to be heated in the free space 6f of the induction coil to be arranged.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine perspektivische Gesamtansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Induktionsspule 6. Diese entspricht im Wesentlichen der Ausführungsform gemäß den Figuren 2a, b, so dass vorliegend nur auf diesbezügliche Unterschiede näher eingegangen wird. Während die flächige Windung 6d bei der Ausführungsform gemäß den Figuren 2a, b über einen von den übrigen (Spiral-)Windungen 6c', 6c" überdeckten Bereich begrenzt ausgebildet ist, sieht die Ausgestaltung gemäß Fig. 3 vor, dass die flächige Windung 6d sich über einen von den übrigen (Spiral-)Windungen 6c', 6c" überdeckten Bereich hinaus erstreckt. Gemäß der Darstellung in Fig. 3 erstreckt sich die flächige Windung 6d über den Verlauf der inneren Spiralwindung 6c' nach innen, so dass an einem inneren Ende des Schlitzes 6e nur ein gegenüber der Ausführungsform der Figuren 2a, b in seinen Abmessungen stark verkleinerter Freiraum 6f in Form eines Lochs verbleibt. Dieser dient entsprechend zur Aufnahme von Werkstücken kleinerer Abmessungen, wobei eine entsprechend verstärkte Konzentration des magnetischen Feldes der Induktionsspule 6 in diesem Bereich stattfindet. Fig. 3 shows an overall perspective view of another embodiment of the induction coil 6 according to the invention substantially corresponds to the embodiment according to the FIGS. 2a . b , so that in this case only on relevant differences will be discussed in more detail. While the flat turn 6d in the embodiment according to the FIGS. 2a . b is formed limited by one of the remaining (spiral) turns 6c ', 6c "covered area, the embodiment according to Fig. 3 In that the planar winding 6d extends beyond an area covered by the remaining (spiral) windings 6c ', 6c " Fig. 3 the flat winding 6d extends inwardly over the course of the inner spiral turn 6c ', so that at an inner end of the slit 6e only one opposite to the embodiment of FIG FIGS. 2a . b in its dimensions greatly reduced space 6f remains in the form of a hole. This serves to accommodate workpieces of smaller dimensions, with a correspondingly increased concentration of the magnetic field of the induction coil 6 takes place in this area.

Fig. 4a zeigt anhand einer perspektivischen Gesamtansicht eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Induktionsspule 6. Diese weist in Verbindung mit den Anschlussbacken 6a, 6b ein winkelförmiges Halteteil 6g auf, an dem der Leiter 6c isoliert geführt ist. Die Windungen 6c', 6c" der Induktionsspule 6 verlaufen helixförmig, wobei die flächige Windung 6d im Wesentlichen zylinderförmig ausgebildet und innerhalb der helixförmig verlaufenden restlichen Windungen 6c', 6c" der Induktionsspule 6 angeordnet ist. Wie die ringförmige flächige Windung der Ausführungsformen gemäß den Figuren 2a, b und 3 weist auch die flächige Windung 6d der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 4a einen Schlitz 6e auf. Gegenüber den sie umgebenden Windungen 6c', 6c" ist die flächige Windung 6d durch eine Isolierschicht 6h in Form einer Teflonfolie elektrisch isoliert. Letztere weist bei 6i und 6j Durchbrüche auf, an denen die beiden inneren der übrigen Spulenwindungen 6c' elektrisch leitend mit der flächigen Windung 6d auf beiden Seiten des Schlitzes 6e verbunden, vorzugsweise verlötet, sind, so dass die flächige Windung 6d effektiv als eine zusätzliche Windung der Induktionsspule 6 fungiert. Fig. 4a shows a perspective view of a further embodiment of the induction coil 6 according to the invention. In conjunction with the connection jaws 6a, 6b, this has an angle-shaped holding part 6g, on which the conductor 6c is guided in isolation. The windings 6c ', 6c "of the induction coil 6 extend in a helical manner, the two-dimensional turn 6d being substantially cylindrical and arranged within the helically extending remaining windings 6c', 6c" of the induction coil 6. As the annular planar winding of the embodiments according to the FIGS. 2a . b and 3 also indicates the two-dimensional turn 6d of the embodiment Fig. 4a a slot 6e. Opposite them The two-dimensional turn 6d is electrically insulated by an insulating layer 6h in the form of a Teflon foil, the latter having openings at 6i and 6j at which the two inner of the remaining coil turns 6c 'are electrically conductive with the flat turn 6d connected to both sides of the slot 6 e, preferably soldered, are, so that the flat winding 6 d effectively acts as an additional turn of the induction coil 6.

Fig. 4b zeigt die Induktionsspule 6 gemäß Fig. 4a gemäß einem Schnitt entlang der Linie II-II in Fig. 4a. Wie anhand dieser Darstellung erkennbar ist, weist die flächige Windung 6d eine sich bezüglich der übrigen Windungen 6c', 6c" nach innen, das heißt in den Bereich des Freiraums 6f erstreckende umlaufende hohle Ausformung 6k auf, die im Querschnitt rechteckig ausgebildet ist. Zwischen den Ausformungen 6k ist somit wiederum ein Bereich geringerer Abmessung (geringeren Durchmessers) geschaffen, so dass ein durch die Induktionsspule 6 erzeugtes Magnetfeld in dem Freiraum 6f, insbesondere zwischen den Ausformungen 6k der flächigen Windung 6d, konzentriert und verstärkt wird. Wie anhand von Fig. 4a und Fig. 4b erkennbar ist, sind die inneren, hohlen Spulenwindungen 6c' an den Durchbrüchen 6i und 6j mit der hohlen Ausformung 6k verbunden, so dass im Betrieb der Induktionsspule 6 das Kühlmedium, vorzugsweise Wasser, sowohl die Spulenwindungen 6', 6c" als auch die Ausformung 6k und den Leiter 6c in einem gemeinsamen Kühlkreislauf durchströmt. Fig. 4b shows the induction coil 6 according to Fig. 4a according to a section along the line II-II in Fig. 4a , As can be seen from this illustration, the planar winding 6d has an encircling hollow formation 6k that extends inwards, that is to say in the region of the free space 6f, with respect to the remaining windings 6c ', 6c ", which is rectangular in cross section Formations 6k is thus again provided with an area of lesser dimension (smaller diameter) so that a magnetic field generated by the induction coil 6 is concentrated and amplified in the free space 6f, in particular between the formations 6k of the planar coil 6d Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b can be seen, the inner, hollow coil turns 6c 'connected to the openings 6i and 6j with the hollow shape 6k, so that during operation of the induction coil 6, the cooling medium, preferably water, both the coil turns 6', 6c "and the formation 6k and the conductor 6c flows through in a common cooling circuit.

Fig. 5 zeigt anhand einer Darstellung, die perspektivisch derjenigen in Fig. 4b entspricht, eine weitere Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Induktionsspule 6. Vorliegend sei nur auf die wesentlichen Unterschiede zwischen der Induktionsspule 6 gemäß Fig. 5 und der Induktionsspule gemäß Fig. 4b eingegangen. Gemäß Fig. 5 weist die flächige Windung 6d der Induktionsspule 6 eine sich nach innen erstreckende hohle Ausformung 6k auf, die im Querschnitt konusförmig ausgebildet ist. Auf diese Weise wird gegenüber der in Fig. 4b gezeigten Ausgestaltung der Induktionsspule 6 eine verstärkte Kühlwirkung auf die flächige Windung 6d erreicht. In Fig. 5 ist außerdem eine zylinderförmige Ferritumhüllung 9 mit U-förmigem Innenprofil gezeigt, die die Induktionsspule 6 umgibt und das Magnetfeld der Spule zusätzlich auf den Spuleninnenraum fokussiert. Analog gestaltete Ferritumhüllungen können ebenso bei allen übrigen gezeigten erfindungsgemäßen Induktionsspulen eingesetzt werden. Fig. 5 shows by means of a representation, the perspective of those in Fig. 4b corresponds to a further embodiment of the induction coil 6 according to the invention. In the present case, reference is only made to the essential differences between the induction coil 6 Fig. 5 and the induction coil according to Fig. 4b received. According to Fig. 5 The flat winding 6d of the induction coil 6 has an inwardly extending hollow formation 6k, which is cone-shaped in cross-section. This way is opposite to in Fig. 4b shown embodiment of the induction coil 6 reaches a reinforced cooling effect on the flat turn 6d. In Fig. 5 In addition, a cylindrical Ferrritumhüllung 9 is shown with a U-shaped inner profile, which surrounds the induction coil 6 and additionally focuses the magnetic field of the coil on the coil interior. Analogously designed ferrite cladding can also be used in all other induction coils according to the invention shown.

Wie der Fachmann erkennt, ist die innere Ausbildung der flächigen Windung 6d beziehungsweise deren Ausformung 6k nicht auf die Ausgestaltungen gemäß den Figuren 4b und 5 beschränkt. Vielfältige weitere Ausformungsgeometrien zur Erzeugung entsprechend konzentrierter magnetischer Felder im Freiraum 6f der Induktionsspule 6 sind möglich, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen.As one skilled in the art will appreciate, the internal formation of the flat turn 6d or its shape 6k is not based on the embodiments according to FIGS FIGS. 4b and 5 limited. Various further shaping geometries for generating correspondingly concentrated magnetic fields in the free space 6f of the induction coil 6 are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Fig. 6 zeigt eine Induktionsspule 6, die als Tunnelspule mit zwei im Wesentlichen parallelen Spulenhälften 6', 6" ausgebildet ist. Der (Spulen-)Leiter 6c besteht aus Litzendraht und bildet im Bereich der beiden Spulenhälften 6', 6" jeweils eine Anzahl paralleler Leiterabschnitte aus, die über Leiterschlaufen 6I, 6I' zu Spulenwindungen verbunden sind. Weiterhin ist in jeder der beiden Spulenhälften 6', 6" eine flächige Teilwindung 6d, 6d' angeordnet, die an den Stellen 6i' und 6j' (und analog für die Spulenhälfte 6"; hier nicht sichtbar) durch den Leiter 6c kontaktiert (z.B. mit diesem verschraubt oder verlötet) ist, um auf diese Weise als eine zusätzliche Teilwindung der entsprechenden Spulenhälfte 6', 6" zu fungieren. Die beiden flächigen Teilwindungen 6d, 6d' weisen an ihrer Innenseite, das heißt ihrer der jeweils anderen Spulenhälfte zugewandten Seite eine hohle Ausformung 6k, 6k' auf, die gemäß dem vorliegenden Beispiel im Querschnitt rechteckig ausgebildet ist. Abweichende Ausgestaltungen der Ausformungen 6k, 6k' sind selbstverständlich möglich, insbesondere eine konusförmig Ausgestaltung gemäß Fig. 5, was der Fachmann ohne weiteres erkennt. Die Ausformung 6k, 6k' ist im Betrieb der Induktionsspule 6 von einem Kühlmedium, vorzugsweise von Wasser, durchströmt. Fig. 6 shows an induction coil 6, which is formed as a tunnel coil with two substantially parallel coil halves 6 ', 6 ". (Coil) conductor 6c consists of stranded wire and forms in the region of the two coil halves 6', 6" in each case a number of parallel conductor sections which are connected to coil windings via conductor loops 6I, 6I '. Furthermore, in each of the two coil halves 6 ', 6 ", a planar partial turn 6d, 6d' is arranged, which is contacted at points 6i 'and 6j' (and analogously for the coil half 6", not visible here) through the conductor 6c (eg screwed or soldered to it) so as to act as an additional partial turn of the corresponding coil half 6 ', 6 ".The two planar partial turns 6d, 6d' have on their inner side, that is to say, their side facing the respective other coil half hollow shape 6k, 6k ', which according to the present example is rectangular in cross-section, deviating configurations of the formations 6k, 6k' are of course possible, in particular a conical configuration according to FIG Fig. 5 What the expert readily recognizes. The formation 6k, 6k 'is in the operation of the induction coil 6 by a cooling medium, preferably of water, flows through.

Claims (12)

  1. An induction coil (6) for inductive heating of workpieces (2), which comprises a plurality of turns (6c', 6c", 6d), wherein at least one of the turns (6d) has an at least partially flat configuration,
    characterised in that
    the flat turn extends at least over a region overlapped by the remaining turns (6c', 6c"), wherein
    either the induction coil (6) has a planar configuration with a substantially annularly configured flat turn (6d) under the remaining spirally running turns (6c', 6c"), wherein the flat turn (6d) runs parallel to the coil plane of the remaining turns (6c', 6c"),
    or the induction coil (6) comprises helically running turns (6c', 6c"), wherein the flat turn (6d) has a substantially cylindrical configuration and is arranged inside the helically running turns (6c', 6c").
  2. An induction coil (6) according to the preceding claim, characterised in that for the inductive effect at least a part of the remaining turns (6c', 6c") is arranged directly adjacent to, parallel to and/or enclosing the flat turn (6d, 6d').
  3. An induction coil (6) according to the claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the flat turn (6d, 6d') comprises a region (6f) having smaller dimensions than an overall dimension of the flat turn, said region being designed for receiving a workpiece to be heated.
  4. An induction coil (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the annular flat turn (6d) is opened by means of a slot (6e).
  5. An induction coil (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the flat turn (6d) is configured so as to be restricted substantially to a region overlapped by the remaining turns (6c', 6c").
  6. An induction coil (6) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the flat turn (6d) is of configured to extend beyond a region overlapped by the remaining turns (6c', 6c").
  7. An induction coil (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that one of the remaining turns (6c') is operatively connected, in particular soldered, to the flat (partial) turn (6d).
  8. An induction coil (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that an insulating layer, in particular in the form of a Teflon film, is arranged between the flat (partial) turn (6d) and the remaining turns (6c', 6c").
  9. An induction coil (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least the flat (partial) turn (6d) and in particular all turns (6c', 6c"; 6d) consist of copper.
  10. An induction coil (6) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the remaining turns (6c', 6c") are of hollow, in particular tubular, construction and during operation a coolant flows therethrough.
  11. A device (1) for inductive heating ofworkpieces (2), comprising a high frequency generator (3) operatively connected in terms of signalling to at least one induction coil (6), characterised in that the induction coil (6) is configured according to one of the preceding claims.
  12. A device (1) for inductive heating of workpieces (2) according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the induction coil (6), on the face thereof facing away from the workpiece (2), is enclosed with a covering (9) made of material, in particular of ferrite, that is magnetically highly conductive and electrically poorly conductive.
EP20070004759 2007-03-08 2007-03-08 Induction coil and device for inductive heating of workpieces Active EP1968355B1 (en)

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DE102018208400A1 (en) * 2018-05-28 2019-11-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for heating a component material, additive manufacturing equipment, and additive manufacturing method

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DE102011004530A1 (en) 2010-12-15 2012-06-21 Mahle International Gmbh heater
JP6886685B2 (en) * 2017-02-27 2021-06-16 トクデン株式会社 A superheated steam generator and a method for manufacturing a conductor tube used in the device.
US10917946B2 (en) * 2017-05-26 2021-02-09 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Induction heating methods and apparatus
DE102018201452A1 (en) * 2018-01-31 2019-08-01 MTU Aero Engines AG Device for the additive production of at least one component region of a component, induction heating device for such a device, method for operating a device and component for a turbomachine
DE102018203273A1 (en) 2018-03-06 2019-09-12 MTU Aero Engines AG Induction heating device, apparatus for the additive production of at least one component region of a component with such an induction heating device, method for inductive heating of a component region and component for a turbomachine

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DE918158C (en) 1943-11-18 1954-09-20 Siemens Ag Device for inductive heating of flat workpieces
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DE1132671B (en) 1960-11-24 1962-07-05 Telefunken Patent Device for heating an electrically conductive body in a high-frequency magnetic field
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DE102018208400A1 (en) * 2018-05-28 2019-11-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for heating a component material, additive manufacturing equipment, and additive manufacturing method

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