EP1967601A2 - Method for manufacturing a coating - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing a coating Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1967601A2
EP1967601A2 EP08002244A EP08002244A EP1967601A2 EP 1967601 A2 EP1967601 A2 EP 1967601A2 EP 08002244 A EP08002244 A EP 08002244A EP 08002244 A EP08002244 A EP 08002244A EP 1967601 A2 EP1967601 A2 EP 1967601A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
iron alloy
boron carbide
arc
wire
thermal spraying
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EP08002244A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1967601B1 (en
EP1967601A3 (en
Inventor
Martin Walter
Wolfram Dr. Wagener
Klaus Daiker
Markus Wittmann
Goetz Mielsch
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C23C4/067—Metallic material containing free particles of non-metal elements, e.g. carbon, silicon, boron, phosphorus or arsenic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/131—Wire arc spraying

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for producing a coating by thermal spraying and a coating produced by the process. It also has an apparatus for carrying out the method of the subject.
  • the known coating does not meet the corrosion requirements that are to be placed on an internal combustion engine. In addition, it has a tensile stress, which leads to local delamination and thus the failure of the coating in operation.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a coating, in particular for the cylinder bore of aluminum engine blocks, which is characterized in addition to a high wear resistance by a high corrosion resistance and firm adhesion.
  • an iron alloy containing 5 to 25, preferably 10 to 18,% by weight of chromium and 0.5 to 5, preferably 0.8 to 3,% by weight is used by thermal spraying.
  • boron carbide (B 4 C) is supplied together with the molten iron alloy during thermal spraying of the surface to be coated.
  • the proportion of boron carbide, which is supplied during thermal spraying 0.5 to 8, preferably 1 to 5 wt.%, So that the proportion of iron alloy from 92 to 99.5 or 95 to 99 wt.%.
  • the coating of the invention meets all corrosion requirements that are placed on an engine block made of aluminum or the like light metal, in particular against salt and sulfur corrosion, especially in fuels with increased sulfur content, eg. B. Venezuela fuel.
  • the boron carbide is at least partially converted into iron boride (Fe x B x ) in the iron alloy molten during thermal spraying, thereby hardening the coating and substantially increasing its wear resistance.
  • iron boride Fe x B x
  • the boron carbide is preferably used with a particle size of 0.1 to 10 microns.
  • the thermal spraying is preferably carried out by arc spraying, in particular by the arc wire spraying (LDS) method, which is also referred to as TWAS (Twin Wire Arc Spraying).
  • LDS arc wire spraying
  • TWAS Twin Wire Arc Spraying
  • two wires which consist of the iron alloy used in the invention, fed to a spray head, such that a current transmission to the wires, wherein the two wires touch with its end, whereby an arc is formed by a permanent short circuit, the wires melting at the end.
  • Behind the melt zone is a nozzle from which compressed air or an inert gas, such as nitrogen, exits. This gas stream atomizes the molten iron alloy and supplies it to the surface to be coated.
  • a melting head is used, which has a feed into the gas stream upstream of the arc for the boron carbide.
  • the thermal spraying according to the invention can also be carried out in other ways, for example by flame spraying.
  • the iron alloy can be supplied as a powder during thermal spraying.
  • a mixed powder of the iron alloy and the boron carbide for thermal spraying.
  • an iron alloy wire containing the boron carbide may be used.
  • Such a wire can be produced by melt metallurgy, powder metallurgy or by extrusion.
  • a filler wire is conceivable, which consists of a tube made of the iron alloy, which is filled with boron carbide.
  • the cylinder liners of an internal combustion engine are preferably pretreated with a high-pressure water jet before coating.
  • the spray head is inserted into one of the cylinders, wherein it rotates during spraying around the cylinder longitudinal axis.
  • the applied to the cylinder bore by thermal spraying layer for example, has a layer thickness of 0.2 to 0.6 mm.
  • By honing and the like finish finally, for example, a 0.1 to 0.2 mm thick cylinder liner coating is obtained.
  • FIGURE of which shows a side view of a lance for the LDS method with a longitudinally cut extrusion head.
  • a spray head 2 is attached to a lance 1.
  • a lance 1 As shown by the arrows 3 and 4, two wires 5, 6 introduced from the iron alloy according to the invention, which are transported to the spray head 2, from which they emerge so that they touch with their ends 7, 8 , The wires 5, 6 are energized with contacts, not shown, so that forms an arc and thus a melting zone 9 at their ends 7, 8 by a short circuit.
  • the spray head 2 has a projection 10 which is provided with a nozzle 11 through which a gas stream emerges, which, as shown by the arrow 12, the lance 1 and supplied in the spray head 2, as dashed at 13 shown, flows to the nozzle 11.
  • the projection 10 is supplied via a line 14 boron carbide powder from a reservoir 15, whereby the Boron carbide powder is blown through the gas stream 13 from the nozzle 11 into the molten zone 9 and thus supplied with the atomized molten iron alloy of the surface 16 to be coated.

Abstract

Coating method comprises thermal spraying simultaneously with 92 - 95 wt% of an iron alloy and 0.5 - 8 wt% of boron carbide. The alloy contains 5 - 25 wt% of chromium and 0.5 - 5 wt5 of molybdenum. Independent claims are included for: (A) coatings produced using the method; (B) the coatings when applied to the contact surfaces of cylinders in light metal engine blocks; (C) and apparatus for carrying out the method comprising a spray head (2) with a feed system for two iron alloy wires (4, 5) which allow an arc to be formed, a nozzle (11), through which gas (12, 13) is fed and a feed (14) for boron carbide powder.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Beschichtung durch thermisches Spritzen und eine nach dem Verfahren hergestellte Beschichtung. Sie hat ferner eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens zum Gegenstand.The invention relates to a process for producing a coating by thermal spraying and a coating produced by the process. It also has an apparatus for carrying out the method of the subject.

Um bei einem Aluminium-Motorblock für eine widerstandsfähige Oberfläche der Zylinderlaufbahn zu sorgen, ist es bekannt, die Zylinderlaufbahn mit einer Eisenbeschichtung durch Lichtbogendrahtspritzen mit einem Eisendraht zu versehen.In order to provide a durable surface of the cylinder bore in an aluminum engine block, it is known to provide the cylinder bore with an iron coating by arc wire spraying with an iron wire.

Die bekannte Beschichtung erfüllt jedoch nicht die Korrosionsanforderungen, die an einen Verbrennungsmotor zu stellen sind. Zudem weist sie eine Zugspannung auf, die zu lokalen Enthaftungen und damit zum Versagen der Beschichtung im Betrieb führt.However, the known coating does not meet the corrosion requirements that are to be placed on an internal combustion engine. In addition, it has a tensile stress, which leads to local delamination and thus the failure of the coating in operation.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine Beschichtung, insbesondere für die Zylinderlaufbahn von Aluminium-Motorblöcken bereitzustellen, die sich neben einer hohen Verschleißbeständigkeit durch eine hohe Korrosionsfestigkeit und feste Haftung auszeichnet.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a coating, in particular for the cylinder bore of aluminum engine blocks, which is characterized in addition to a high wear resistance by a high corrosion resistance and firm adhesion.

Dies wird erfindungsgemäß durch das im Anspruch 1 gekennzeichnete Verfahren erreicht.This is inventively achieved by the method characterized in claim 1.

Nach der Erfindung wird durch thermisches Spritzen eine Eisenlegierung verwendet, die 5 bis 25, vorzugsweise 10 bis 18 Gew.% Chrom und 0,5 bis 5, vorzugsweise 0,8 bis 3 Gew.% Molybdän enthält. Gleichzeitig wird beim thermischen Spritzen der zu beschichtenden Oberfläche zusammen mit der geschmolzenen Eisenlegierung Borcarbid (B4C) zugeführt. Dabei beträgt der Anteil des Borcarbids, der beim thermischen Spritzen zugeführt wird, 0,5 bis 8, vorzugsweise 1 bis 5 Gew.%, sodass der Anteil der Eisenlegierung 92 bis 99,5 bzw. 95 bis 99 Gew.% ausmacht.According to the invention, an iron alloy containing 5 to 25, preferably 10 to 18,% by weight of chromium and 0.5 to 5, preferably 0.8 to 3,% by weight is used by thermal spraying. Contains molybdenum. At the same time, boron carbide (B 4 C) is supplied together with the molten iron alloy during thermal spraying of the surface to be coated. In this case, the proportion of boron carbide, which is supplied during thermal spraying, 0.5 to 8, preferably 1 to 5 wt.%, So that the proportion of iron alloy from 92 to 99.5 or 95 to 99 wt.%.

Die erfindungsgemäße Beschichtung erfüllt alle Korrosionsanforderungen, die an einen Motorblock aus Aluminium oder dergleichen Leichtmetall gestellt werden, insbesondere auch gegen Salz- und Schwefelkorrosion, vor allem auch bei Kraftstoffen mit erhöhtem Schwefelanteil, z. B. Venezuela-Kraftstoff.The coating of the invention meets all corrosion requirements that are placed on an engine block made of aluminum or the like light metal, in particular against salt and sulfur corrosion, especially in fuels with increased sulfur content, eg. B. Venezuela fuel.

Das Borcarbid wird in der beim thermischen Spritzen geschmolzenen Eisenlegierung zumindest teilweise in Eisenborid (FexBx) umgewandelt, wodurch die Beschichtung gehärtet und ihre Verschleißbeständigkeit wesentlich erhöht wird. Durch die Einlagerung von Borcarbid und das Eisenborid in der Beschichtung werden Druckspannungen aufgebaut und damit Enthaftungen verhindert.The boron carbide is at least partially converted into iron boride (Fe x B x ) in the iron alloy molten during thermal spraying, thereby hardening the coating and substantially increasing its wear resistance. By incorporating boron carbide and the iron boride in the coating compressive stresses are built up and thus prevents delamination.

Als Eisenlegierung hat sich insbesondere eine Legierung folgender Zusammensetzung als vorteilhaft erwiesen:

  • 0,1 bis 0,7 Gew.% C,
  • 10 bis 18 Gew.% Cr,
  • 0,8 bis 2 Gew.% Mo,
  • max. 2 Gew.% Mn,
  • max. 1 Gew.% Si, sowie
  • Fe als Rest und unvermeidbare Verunreinigungen einzeln max. 0,3 Gew.%, insgesamt max. 1,0 Gew.%.
As an iron alloy, in particular an alloy of the following composition has proven advantageous:
  • 0.1 to 0.7% by weight C,
  • 10 to 18% by weight of Cr,
  • 0.8 to 2% by weight of Mo,
  • Max. 2% by weight of Mn,
  • Max. 1 wt.% Si, as well
  • Fe as remainder and unavoidable impurities individually max. 0.3% by weight, in total max. 1.0% by weight.

Das Borcarbid wird vorzugsweise mit einer Teilchengröße von 0,1 bis 10 µm eingesetzt.The boron carbide is preferably used with a particle size of 0.1 to 10 microns.

Das thermische Spritzen erfolgt vorzugsweise durch Lichtbogenspritzen, insbesondere durch das Lichtbogendrahtspritzen(LDS)-Verfahren, das auch als TWAS (Twin Wire Arc Spraying) bezeichnet wird.The thermal spraying is preferably carried out by arc spraying, in particular by the arc wire spraying (LDS) method, which is also referred to as TWAS (Twin Wire Arc Spraying).

Dazu werden zwei Drähte, die aus der erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Eisenlegierung bestehen, einem Spritzkopf zugeführt, derart, dass eine Stromübertragung an die Drähte erfolgt, wobei sich die beiden Drähte mit ihrem Ende berühren, wodurch durch einen permanenten Kurzschluss ein Lichtbogen gebildet wird, der die Drähte an ihrem Ende schmelzen lässt. Hinter der Schmelzzone befindet sich eine Düse, aus der Druckluft oder ein inertes Gas, wie Stickstoff, austritt. Dieser Gasstrom zerstäubt die geschmolzene Eisenlegierung und führt sie der zu beschichtenden Oberfläche zu. Dabei wird erfindungsgemäß vorzugsweise ein Schmelzkopf verwendet, der für das Borcarbid eine Zuführung in den Gasstrom stromaufwärts des Lichtbogens aufweist.For this purpose, two wires, which consist of the iron alloy used in the invention, fed to a spray head, such that a current transmission to the wires, wherein the two wires touch with its end, whereby an arc is formed by a permanent short circuit, the wires melting at the end. Behind the melt zone is a nozzle from which compressed air or an inert gas, such as nitrogen, exits. This gas stream atomizes the molten iron alloy and supplies it to the surface to be coated. In this case, according to the invention, preferably a melting head is used, which has a feed into the gas stream upstream of the arc for the boron carbide.

Das thermische Spritzen kann erfindungsgemäß jedoch auch in anderer Weise durchgeführt werden, beispielsweise durch Flammspritzen. Auch kann die Eisenlegierung beim thermischen Spritzen als Pulver zugeführt werden. Ferner ist es möglich, ein Pulvergemisch aus der Eisenlegierung und dem Borcarbid zum thermischen Spritzen zu verwenden. Desgleichen kann ein Draht aus der Eisenlegierung, der das Borcarbid enthält, verwendet werden. Ein solcher Draht kann schmelzmetallurgisch, pulvermetallurgisch oder durch Extrudieren hergestellt sein. Auch ist ein Fülldraht denkbar, der aus einem Röhrchen aus der Eisenlegierung besteht, das mit Borcarbid gefüllt ist.However, the thermal spraying according to the invention can also be carried out in other ways, for example by flame spraying. Also, the iron alloy can be supplied as a powder during thermal spraying. Further, it is possible to use a mixed powder of the iron alloy and the boron carbide for thermal spraying. Likewise, an iron alloy wire containing the boron carbide may be used. Such a wire can be produced by melt metallurgy, powder metallurgy or by extrusion. Also, a filler wire is conceivable, which consists of a tube made of the iron alloy, which is filled with boron carbide.

Die Zylinderlaufbahnen eines Verbrennungsmotors werden vor dem Beschichten vorzugsweise mit einem Hochdruckwasserstrahl vorbehandelt. Zur Beschichtung wird der Spritzkopf in einen der Zylinder eingeführt, wobei er während des Spritzens um die Zylinderlängsachse rotiert. Die auf die Zylinderlaufbahn durch thermisches Spritzen aufgebrachte Schicht weist beispielsweise eine Schichtdicke von 0,2 bis 0,6 mm auf. Durch Honen und dergleichen Endbearbeitung wird schließlich beispielsweise eine 0,1 bis 0,2 mm dicke Zylinderlaufbahnbeschichtung erhalten.The cylinder liners of an internal combustion engine are preferably pretreated with a high-pressure water jet before coating. For coating the spray head is inserted into one of the cylinders, wherein it rotates during spraying around the cylinder longitudinal axis. The applied to the cylinder bore by thermal spraying layer, for example, has a layer thickness of 0.2 to 0.6 mm. By honing and the like finish finally, for example, a 0.1 to 0.2 mm thick cylinder liner coating is obtained.

Nachstehend ist eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens anhand der Zeichnung beispielhaft näher erläutert, deren einzige Figur eine Seitenansicht einer Lanze für das LDS-Verfahren mit längsgeschnittenem Spritzkopf zeigt.An apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention is explained in more detail below by way of example with reference to the drawing, the single FIGURE of which shows a side view of a lance for the LDS method with a longitudinally cut extrusion head.

Danach ist an einer Lanze 1 ein Spritzkopf 2 befestigt. In die Lanze 1 werden, wie durch die Pfeile 3 und 4 dargestellt, zwei Drähte 5, 6 aus der erfindungsgemäßen Eisenlegierung eingeführt, die zu dem Spritzkopf 2 transportiert werden, aus dem sie so austreten, dass sie sich mit ihren Enden 7, 8 berühren. Die Drähte 5, 6 werden mit nicht dargestellten Kontakten mit Strom beaufschlagt, sodass sich an ihren Enden 7, 8 durch einen Kurzschluss ein Lichtbogen und damit eine Schmelzzone 9 bildet.Thereafter, a spray head 2 is attached to a lance 1. In the lance 1, as shown by the arrows 3 and 4, two wires 5, 6 introduced from the iron alloy according to the invention, which are transported to the spray head 2, from which they emerge so that they touch with their ends 7, 8 , The wires 5, 6 are energized with contacts, not shown, so that forms an arc and thus a melting zone 9 at their ends 7, 8 by a short circuit.

Hinter der Schmelzzone 9 weist der Spritzkopf 2 einen Vorsprung 10 auf, der mit einer Düse 11 versehen ist, durch die ein Gasstrom austritt, der, wie durch den Pfeil 12 dargestellt, der Lanze 1 zugeführt und in dem Spritzkopf 2, wie mit 13 gestrichelt dargestellt, zu der Düse 11 strömt.Behind the molten zone 9, the spray head 2 has a projection 10 which is provided with a nozzle 11 through which a gas stream emerges, which, as shown by the arrow 12, the lance 1 and supplied in the spray head 2, as dashed at 13 shown, flows to the nozzle 11.

Dem Vorsprung 10 wird über eine Leitung 14 Borcarbid-Pulver aus einem Vorratsbehälter 15 zugeführt, wodurch das Borcarbid-Pulver durch den Gasstrom 13 aus der Düse 11 in die Schmelzzone 9 geblasen und damit mit der zerstäubten geschmolzenen Eisenlegierung der zu beschichtenden Oberfläche 16 zugeführt wird.The projection 10 is supplied via a line 14 boron carbide powder from a reservoir 15, whereby the Boron carbide powder is blown through the gas stream 13 from the nozzle 11 into the molten zone 9 and thus supplied with the atomized molten iron alloy of the surface 16 to be coated.

Claims (13)

Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Beschichtung durch thermisches Spritzen mit einer Eisenlegierung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das thermische Spritzen bei gleichzeitiger Zufuhr von 92 bis 99,5 Gew.% einer Eisenlegierung, die 5 bis 25 Gew.% Chrom und 0,5 bis 5 Gew.% Molybdän enthält, und 0,5 bis 8 Gew.% Borcarbid durchgeführt wird.Process for producing a coating by thermal spraying with an iron alloy, characterized in that the thermal spraying with simultaneous supply of 92 to 99.5 wt.% Of an iron alloy containing 5 to 25 wt.% Chromium and 0.5 to 5 wt. % Molybdenum, and 0.5 to 8 wt.% Boron carbide is performed. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Eisenlegierung 10 bis 18 Gew.% Chrom und 0,8 bis 3 Gew.% Molybdän enthält.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the iron alloy contains 10 to 18 wt.% Chromium and 0.8 to 3 wt.% Molybdenum. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Eisenlegierung folgende Zusammensetzung aufweist: 0,1 bis 0,7 Gew.% Kohlenstoff, 10 bis 18 Gew.% Chrom, 0,8 bis 2 Gew.% Molybdän, max. 2 Gew.% Mangan, max. 1 Gew.% Silizium sowie Eisen als Rest und unvermeidbare Verunreinigungen einzeln max. 0,3 Gew.%, insgesamt max. 1,0 Gew.%. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the iron alloy has the following composition: 0.1 to 0.7% by weight of carbon, 10 to 18 wt.% Chromium, 0.8 to 2% by weight of molybdenum, Max. 2% by weight of manganese, Max. 1 wt.% Silicon as well Iron as balance and unavoidable impurities individually max. 0.3% by weight, in total max. 1.0% by weight. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das thermische Spritzen mit 95 bis 99 Gew.% der Eisenlegierung und 1 bis 5 Gew.% Borcarbid erfolgt.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermal spraying is carried out with 95 to 99 wt.% Of the iron alloy and 1 to 5 wt.% Boron carbide. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Borcarbid mit einer Teilchengröße von 0,1 bis 10 µm eingesetzt wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the boron carbide is used with a particle size of 0.1 to 10 microns. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Eisenlegierung als Pulver oder Draht und das Borcarbid als Pulver zum thermischen Spritzen eingesetzt wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the iron alloy is used as powder or wire and the boron carbide as powder for thermal spraying. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum thermischen Spritzen ein Draht aus der Eisenlegierung verwendet wird, der das Borcarbid enthält.Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that for thermal spraying a wire of the iron alloy is used, which contains the boron carbide. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das thermische Spritzen durch Lichtbogenspritzen erfolgt.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermal spraying is carried out by arc spraying. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Draht zum Lichtbogendrahtspritzen verwendet wird.Method according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the wire is used for arc wire spraying. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6 und 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Lichtbogendrahtspritzen ein Draht aus der Eisenlegierung verwendet und das Borcarbid getrennt zugeführt wird.A method according to claim 6 and 9, characterized in that for arc wire spraying a wire of the iron alloy used and the boron carbide is supplied separately. Beschichtung, erhältlich nach einem Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie Eisenborid enthält, das aus dem Borcarbid und der Eisenlegierung beim thermischen Spritzen gebildet wird.Coating obtainable by a process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains iron boride formed from the boron carbide and the iron alloy during thermal spraying. Beschichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie auf die Zylinderlauffläche eines Verbrennungsmotors aus einem Leichtmetall aufgebracht ist.Coating according to claim 11, characterized in that it is applied to the cylinder surface of an internal combustion engine made of a light metal. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Lichtbogendrahtspritzverfahrens nach Anspruch 10, gekennzeichnet durch einen Spritzkopf (2) mit einer Zuführung für zwei Spritzdrähte (5, 6) aus der Eisenlegierung zur Bildung eines Lichtbogens, wobei der Spritzkopf (2) eine Düse (11) aufweist, durch die ein Gas (12, 13) strömt, das die im Lichtbogen geschmolzene Eisenlegierung zerstäubt und der zu beschichtenden Oberfläche (16) zuführt, und eine Zuführung (14) für das Borcarbid-Pulver in den Gasstrom (13) stromaufwärts des Lichtbogens.Apparatus for carrying out the wire-arc spraying method according to claim 10, characterized by a spray head (2) with a supply for two spray wires (5, 6) made of the iron alloy to form an arc, wherein the spray head (2) has a nozzle (11) through which a gas (12, 13) which atomizes the arc-melted iron alloy and supplies to the surface (16) to be coated, and a feed (14) for the boron carbide powder into the gas flow (13) upstream of the arc.
EP08002244.5A 2007-03-06 2008-02-07 Method for manufacturing a coating Active EP1967601B1 (en)

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