EP1966102A1 - Sound-generating glazing - Google Patents
Sound-generating glazingInfo
- Publication number
- EP1966102A1 EP1966102A1 EP06830416A EP06830416A EP1966102A1 EP 1966102 A1 EP1966102 A1 EP 1966102A1 EP 06830416 A EP06830416 A EP 06830416A EP 06830416 A EP06830416 A EP 06830416A EP 1966102 A1 EP1966102 A1 EP 1966102A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- glazing
- glazing according
- thickness
- damping
- glass sheet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10733—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing epoxy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/28—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material
- C03C17/32—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material with synthetic or natural resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/28—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material
- C03C17/32—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material with synthetic or natural resins
- C03C17/328—Polyolefins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
- C03C27/06—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing
- C03C27/10—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing with the aid of adhesive specially adapted for that purpose
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
- H04R7/045—Plane diaphragms using the distributed mode principle, i.e. whereby the acoustic radiation is emanated from uniformly distributed free bending wave vibration induced in a stiff panel and not from pistonic motion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
- H04R7/06—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers
- H04R7/10—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers comprising superposed layers in contact
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2307/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2307/023—Diaphragms comprising ceramic-like materials, e.g. pure ceramic, glass, boride, nitride, carbide, mica and carbon materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
- H04R2499/10—General applications
- H04R2499/11—Transducers incorporated or for use in hand-held devices, e.g. mobile phones, PDA's, camera's
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
- H04R2499/10—General applications
- H04R2499/15—Transducers incorporated in visual displaying devices, e.g. televisions, computer displays, laptops
Definitions
- the present invention relates to glazing used as sound generators.
- the display screen is normally coated with protective glazing, usually formed by a single or laminated glass plate.
- the sound generator includes one or more speakers, separate from the screen.
- the separate arrangement of speakers and screen is a source of space.
- the screen itself as a resonator to which one or more exciters are attached, the assembly constituting the sound generator.
- the glazing is a glass sheet barely 0.3 mm thick.
- the use of such a thin glass plate is imposed by the acoustic properties of the glass.
- mechanical resistance in particular to impact, it is incompatible with the manufacture of large screens (computer or television screens).
- the invention aims to remedy the drawbacks and disadvantages of known glazing.
- the invention more particularly aims at providing a sound-generating glazing which combines good acoustic properties, excellent optical quality and good mechanical properties, particularly good impact resistance and good scratch resistance.
- the invention relates to a sound-generating glazing comprising at least one sheet of glass, a film of a damping material attached to the sheet of glass on one of its faces, and on the other to a sheet of rigid material.
- the glass sheet, the film of material associated therewith, and the sheet of rigid material are at least translucent. They are preferably transparent to light. They can be transparent to white light or to only part of the white light spectrum. In most applications, white light transparency is preferred.
- the term “light” will generally designate all or a fraction of the spectrum of white light.
- the exciter can for example be of the piezoelectric type. It must be of sufficient power to vibrate the glazing. In principle, the exciter can be placed anywhere on the glazing. However, it is advantageous to have the exciter (s) at the edge of the glazing. Advantageously, several exciters are used, distributed around the periphery. The precise arrangement of these exciters on the periphery is chosen according to the resonance modes of the glazing
- the choice of the exciter is not critical for the definition of the invention.
- extra flat exciters are used.
- extra flat exciters which are very suitable for the invention are those produced by NXT pic, under the name “NXT SoundVu technology” and those produced by Glas Platz GmbH & Co. KG, under the name “Magic Sound® ”, defined upper.
- the panel is laminated and comprises at least one film of an acoustically damping material.
- the glazing constitutes the resonator. It vibrates under the action of the exciter, generating audible sounds.
- the thickness of the glazing and particularly that of the glass sheet therefore constitutes an important parameter. It must be determined so that the glazing can vibrate under the action of the exciter, by emitting sounds of sufficient intensity.
- the thickness of the glass sheet is conditioned by its frequency of coincidence. In practice, it is sought to move the latter towards the acute frequencies of the sound waves, by reducing the thickness of the glass sheet. It is recommended to select the thickness of the glass sheet so that its coincidence frequency is moved beyond 6 (preferably 10) kHz.
- the thickness of the glass sheet it is preferable to reduce the thickness of the glass sheet until its coincidence frequency is greater than the maximum frequency normally audible by the human ear (about 20 kHz). A thickness of less than 2 mm (preferably 1.5 mm) is therefore recommended. For mechanical strength considerations, it is recommended that the thickness of the glass sheet is greater than 0.5 mm (preferably 0.8 mm). Thicknesses of 1 to 1.5 mm are specially recommended.
- the glass sheet must be at least translucent. It is preferably transparent to light.
- the function of the panel film is to ensure the acoustic quality of the panel. For this purpose, it must be made of damping material.
- the second sheet of rigid material of the laminate is advantageously a second glass sheet similar or identical to the first. It can also be a sheet of synthetic material having the optical characteristics required for complete glazing.
- the laminated glazing is mounted in the screens with a sheet of glass facing outwards to best guarantee scratch resistance.
- PVB polyvinylbutyral
- the damping property of the film is generally defined by its damping or acoustic loss factor, which indicates the amount of vibrational energy converted into heat.
- the theoretical maximum damping factor is 100%.
- a film is advantageously selected such that the acoustic damping factor of the glazing is less than 80% (preferably 75%) at 200 Hz and 20 ° C. It is recommended that the factor d the damping is greater than 5% (preferably 8%) at 200 Hz and 20 ° C.
- the damping factors of 10 to 50% are preferred.
- the film having the required acoustic properties can also be defined by its viscoelastic characteristics on which the damping properties depend.
- the shear modulus is a parameter expressing the viscoelasticity of the products considered.
- viscoelastic characteristics are also a function of temperature.
- shear modulus of the products considered according to the invention is defined at a temperature of 20 ° C.
- the shear modulus for the frequency of 200 Hz, at the temperature of 20 ° C., is advantageously less than 10 6 Pa.
- the glazing it is preferable for the glazing to offer an average damping factor over the entire frequency range from 200 to 4400 Hz which is not less than 12% and particularly preferably not less than 20%.
- This average damping must also be obtained for the effective temperatures of use. In practice for television type screens, the usual temperatures vary between 20 and 40 ° C. The minimum average damping must be ensured over this entire temperature range.
- the “average” damping of the glazing determined for all of the frequencies from 200 to 4400 Hz, for a given damping film, preferably varies only in a limited manner in the range of useful temperatures. The variation in average damping over the temperature range from 20 to 40 ° C. must not exceed 35%, and preferably must be less than 25%.
- the film must be translucent. It is preferably substantially transparent to light.
- Examples of materials usable for the film include copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate and polyurethanes.
- films made of polyvinyl butyral are advantageously used, the plasticity of which is increased by the addition of plasticizers in kind and in an appropriate quantity. If in safety glazing, the plasticization of the interlayer is restricted to maintain significant mechanical resistance to the laminated assembly, in acoustic applications this requirement is not of the same magnitude and the products can be of much more plastic quality .
- composite films comprising, for example, two layers of usual PVB for their adhesion to glass sheets, these two layers sandwiching a layer of material meeting the acoustic damping characteristics of the invention.
- This layer can itself be made of "overplasticized” PVB.
- Products of this type are for example those marketed by the company Sekisui under the name of S-LEC.
- Laminate products of this type are the subject of publications such as EP 457
- the glazing according to the invention is most often used with a screen or an assembly ensuring the display of images.
- This assembly forming the screen can constitute the second rigid sheet of the glazing according to the invention provided that it lends itself to an assembly of the type used to constitute the laminated glazing.
- the assembly can be carried out by implementing the thermoplastic qualities of the damping films. It is also possible to form the laminate using an appropriate resin whose crosslinking is carried out directly between the rigid sheets, the glass sheet of the glazing on the one hand, the second rigid sheet or the panel constituting the screen. Products of this type are for example epoxy resins such as those used in acoustic insulating glazing.
- Examples of materials which can be used for the rigid plate include in particular mineral or synthetic glasses such as polyacrylates or polycarbonates.
- the dimensions of the glazing and its components are not critical for the definition of the invention. They will depend on the applications for which the phonic glazing according to the invention is intended.
- the glazing In general, it is advantageous for the glazing to have a total thickness greater than 1 mm, in order to have sufficient mechanical strength. It is desirable to avoid excessive thickness, for a question of weight, size and cost. Thicknesses less than 8 mm are recommended, those of 2.5 to 5 mm being preferred.
- the glazing according to the invention can have any shape compatible with the destination of the glazing. It is generally planar, but it can also have a curved shape around one or more axes.
- the glazing according to the invention combines a set of properties hitherto considered incompatible.
- the glass sheet gives it good optical and mechanical properties, in particular resistance to scratching, and its association with the film of acoustically damping material gives it good acoustic properties.
- the glazing formed from the glass sheet, and from the film, associated with the second sheet or with the panel of a screen ensures good mechanical resistance.
- the sound-generating glazing according to the invention finds various applications in the manufacture of image viewing devices, such as screens for televisions, portable computers, mobile phones, home cinema or physical analysis apparatus. and / or chemical.
- glazing communicating both protective and generator of sounds (music or vocal information) in particular for shop windows or museums, bus shelters, ceilings, mirrors or decorative glasses, panels or advertising partitions, picture frames, loudspeakers ... (non-exhaustive list).
- the invention therefore also relates to an image display screen, which is characterized in that it comprises a sound generating glazing according to the invention as defined above.
- display screen designates any screen capable of supporting an image.
- image has a broad definition and designates not only the graphic representation of objects, but also letters or alphabetical symbols.
- the screen according to the invention can for example comprise a sheet or a plate on which an image has been drawn and / or painted.
- the screen comprises a sheet or a panel of uniform color (for example white), intended to receive an image projected from a suitable projector or support for elements generating this image .
- uniform color for example white
- the screen according to the invention can for example comprise a sheet or a plate on which an image has been drawn and / or painted.
- the screen comprises a sheet or a panel of uniform color (for example white), intended to receive an image projected from a suitable projector or support for elements generating this image .
- uniform color for example white
- the invention relates especially to display screens of the type defined above, intended to equip image generators selected from physical or chemical analysis apparatus, televisions, computers and mobile telephones.
- the screen comprises for example a plate coated with a fluorescent film, fitted to a cathode ray tube or a plate carrying an assembly of liquid crystals, in a manner well known in the techniques of manufacturing computers and televisions.
- the sound-generating glazing according to the invention can also find applications in the building industry, where it can be used as glazing equipping windows, in particular shop windows, hotels or restaurants (non-exhaustive list).
- the invention therefore also relates to the use of the glazing according to the invention as transparent glazing for a building.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view, in exploded perspective, of a particular embodiment of the glazing according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a representation similar to that of Figure 1 of a second embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a graph giving for three materials the average damping (in percentage) as a function of temperature
- FIG. 5 is a diagram of the device used for measuring depreciation.
- the reference notation 1 designates, as a whole, a glazing according to the invention.
- the glazing 1 is applied to a screen 2 of a portable computer, shown in gray, so as to completely cover it.
- the screen 2 is for example with liquid crystal, in a manner well known in the art of manufacturing computers and computer monitors.
- the panel constituting the front face of the screen is for example made of glass or translucent plastic material.
- the glazing 1 comprises a flat film 3 sandwiched between a sheet of glass 4, and a sheet of glass 5.
- the sheet of glass 5 is flat and has substantially the same dimensions as the screen 2. It can be applied directly against the screen 2.
- the glass plate 5 can be kept slightly apart from the screen 2 by an intermediate frame, not shown.
- the glass plate 5 can be of the same thickness as the sheet 4 or of greater thickness, its main role being to impart the required mechanical properties to the assembly, in particular when the sheet 4 is very thin.
- the glass sheet 4 is planar and has the same dimensions as the plate 5. It is surrounded by a frame 6, into which are inserted piezoelectric exciters, not shown. These piezoelectric exciters are designed to subject the glass sheet 4, and generally to the whole of the glazing (glass sheet 4, damping film 3, second rigid sheet 5), to vibrations liable to emit sound waves in the audible spectrum (from 20 Hz to approximately 20 kHz).
- the glass sheet 4 has for example a thickness of about 1.1 mm.
- the exciters are in contact with one of the faces of the sheet 4. They are either arranged between the frame 6 and the sheet 4. In this case, they are put into place after laminating all of the two sheets 4 and 5 and the damping sheet 3, either on the face which is in contact with the sheet 3.
- the introduction in this case can be carried out before lamination provided that the exciter or exciters in question are of thickness compatible with this assembly. It is still possible to provide housings for these exciters in the sheet 3, preferably before proceeding to the lamination.
- the exciters can be fixed to the rigid sheet 5.
- the film 3 is sandwiched between the glass sheet 4 and the glass sheet 5. It is made of an acoustically absorbing polymer material, having an acoustic loss factor about 0.3. It must also be transparent to white light.
- the film 3 can for example be made of a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate and have a thickness of 0.4 to 0.8 mm.
- the film 3 is made of polyurethane and its thickness is approximately 0.7 to 0.8 mm.
- the rigid plate 5 is made of polycarbonate and its thickness is approximately 1 mm.
- the glass sheet 4 gives the glazing a high scratch resistance and good optical properties.
- FIG. 2 presents the constituent elements of a glazing in which the glass sheet 4 is associated with the film of acoustic damping material and is directly fixed to the panel constituting the screen 2.
- the constitution of the film 3 from a resin crosslinked in situ between the glass sheet 4 on the one hand and the screen 2, on the other hand is advantageous, insofar as it can be carried out without an operation of assembly requiring a rise in temperature, which is generally not possible with electronic components of the screens in question.
- the amortization measurement technique used is that described in connection with ISO / PAS 16940. The specific conditions are indicated below.
- the apparatus used is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 5.
- the analyzed sample 9 introduced into the thermostatically controlled enclosure 8 (temperature control 18) is supported at its center by the support 10. It is fixed to the latter by gluing 12.
- the excitation is communicated to the sample 9 by the vibrating pot 19 and the intermediary of the support 10.
- the circuit includes a noise generator 17, a power amplifier 16 and an impedance head 11.
- the analysis is done via an impedance measuring amplifier 13 associated with an FFT analyzer 14, and a calculation system 15.
- the samples tested consist of laminated bars of
- Bruel & Kjaer type 1405) Under the effect of excitation, the mechanical impedance of the sample is measured (Bruel & Kjaer impedance head, type 8001), and the different resonance frequencies are determined (ONO SOKKI frequency analyzer, type CF-910 ).
- the measurement is performed for the entire frequency range of
- the measurements are made at the temperatures representing the operating modes representative of the usual operating conditions of television type screens. Three series of measurements are made respectively at 20, 30 and 40 ° C.
- the damping films tested are respectively a polyvinyl butyral film traditionally used in the applications of laminated glazing intended for the building industry, and two films known for use in acoustically insulating glazing.
- the laminated bar comprising the traditional PVB rated A does not have any acoustic qualities. It is relatively rigid.
- the film whose glazing sample tested is rated B is a composite made up of two PVB films of reduced thickness separated by a film whose plasticity is much higher than that of PVB.
- the film denoted C consists of a highly plasticized PVB by addition of plasticizing constituents.
- the results of the measurements are reported as a function of temperature and frequency in the following tables denoted A, B and C.
- a last table indicates the average damping value at the various temperatures.
- the results are also reproduced in FIG. 3 representing the damping as a function of the temperature.
- the damping factor for the sample comprising the traditional PVB is relatively low at the temperatures considered. It only becomes significant at the highest temperatures.
- the other two products offer significantly higher damping, which, unlike the previous product, decreases when the temperature rises a lot. In the range of 20 to 40 ° C., these two products meet the general conditions of the invention.
- FIGs 4a and 4b show two possible types of construction. These two representations differ in the location of the exciter 7 relative to the glass sheet 4.
- the figures show only one exciter each time.
- the glazings according to the invention can each receive several exciters. This is useful in particular because the resonance of the sheet depends on the location of the exciter in relation to it.
- exciter 6 As shown in the exciter 6, or one of them, can be arranged on one face of the sheet 4 (FIG. 4a). In the same way, it is possible to have one or more exciters on the edge of the sheet 4. This latter arrangement has certain advantages from the acoustic point of view, and in addition makes it possible to completely disengage the glass sheet from any element which masks the presence of these exciters.
- FIGS. 4a and 4b show the exciter fixed to the glass sheet 4, these can also be fixed to the associated rigid sheet 5.
- the choice depends at least in part on the convenience of positioning these exciters relative to the glazing, it also takes into account the peculiarities of resonance of the glazing.
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Abstract
The present invention relates to glazing comprising a sheet of glass (4), a film (3) of damping material, and a rigid sheet (5), the assembly being laminated and comprising one or more exciters fastened to the glazing.
Description
Vitrage générateur de sons Sound generator glazing
La présente invention se rapporte aux vitrages mis en oeuvre comme générateurs de sons. The present invention relates to glazing used as sound generators.
La plupart des appareils audiovisuels accessibles dans le commerce Most commercially available audiovisual devices
(récepteurs de télévision, ordinateurs, téléphones portables) comprennent un écran de visualisation d'images et au moins un générateur de sons. L'écran de visualisation est normalement revêtu d'un vitrage de protection, habituellement formé d'une plaque de verre simple ou feuilletée. Dans la majorité des cas, le générateur de sons comprend un ou plusieurs haut-parleurs, séparés de l'écran.(television receivers, computers, mobile phones) include an image display screen and at least one sound generator. The display screen is normally coated with protective glazing, usually formed by a single or laminated glass plate. In most cases, the sound generator includes one or more speakers, separate from the screen.
La disposition séparée des haut-parleurs et de l'écran constitue une source d'encombrement. The separate arrangement of speakers and screen is a source of space.
Pour réduire l'encombrement, on a suggéré d'utiliser, l'écran lui même comme résonateur auquel est accolé un ou plusieurs excitateurs, l'ensemble constituant le générateur de sons. To reduce the bulk, it has been suggested to use the screen itself as a resonator to which one or more exciters are attached, the assembly constituting the sound generator.
Toutefois, jusqu'à présent, la réalisation pratique de tels écrans audiovisuels s'est heurtée à de nombreuses difficultés, liées à la réalisation du vitrage présentant toutes les qualités requises. Ainsi, dans la technologie However, until now, the practical production of such audiovisual screens has encountered many difficulties, linked to the production of glazing having all the required qualities. So in technology
« Magic Sound® » de Glas Platz GmbH & Co., le vitrage est une plaque de verre d'à peine 0,3 mm d'épaisseur. L'utilisation d'une plaque de verre d'aussi faible épaisseur est imposée par les propriétés acoustiques du verre. Pour une question de résistance mécanique, notamment aux chocs, elle est incompatible avec la fabrication d'écrans de grandes dimensions (écrans d'ordinateurs ou de téléviseurs) . “Magic Sound®” from Glas Platz GmbH & Co., the glazing is a glass sheet barely 0.3 mm thick. The use of such a thin glass plate is imposed by the acoustic properties of the glass. For a question of mechanical resistance, in particular to impact, it is incompatible with the manufacture of large screens (computer or television screens).
Dans la technologie « SoundVu » de NXT pic, on propose de réaliser le vitrage générateur de sons en matériau polymère présentant des propriétés acoustiques adéquates, notamment en polycarbonate. A l'usage, de tels vitrages ont toutefois révélé de piètres qualités optiques et une faible résistance mécanique, principalement aux rayures. In the “SoundVu” technology of NXT pic, it is proposed to produce the sound generating glazing in polymer material having adequate acoustic properties, in particular in polycarbonate. In use, however, such glazing revealed poor optical qualities and poor mechanical resistance, mainly to scratches.
L'invention vise à remédier aux inconvénients et désavantages des vitrages connus.
L'invention vise plus particulièrement à fournir un vitrage générateur de sons qui allie de bonnes propriétés acoustiques, une excellente qualité optique et de bonnes propriétés mécaniques, particulièrement une bonne résistance aux chocs et une bonne résistance aux rayures. The invention aims to remedy the drawbacks and disadvantages of known glazing. The invention more particularly aims at providing a sound-generating glazing which combines good acoustic properties, excellent optical quality and good mechanical properties, particularly good impact resistance and good scratch resistance.
L'invention concerne un vitrage générateur de sons comprenant au moins une feuille de verre, un film d'un matériau amortissant accolé à la feuille de verre sur une de ses faces, et sur l'autre à une feuille d'un matériau rigide. The invention relates to a sound-generating glazing comprising at least one sheet of glass, a film of a damping material attached to the sheet of glass on one of its faces, and on the other to a sheet of rigid material.
Dans le vitrage selon l'invention, la feuille de verre, le film de matériau qui lui est associé, et la feuille de matériau rigide sont au moins translucides. Ils sont de préférence transparents à la lumière. Ils peuvent être transparents à la lumière blanche ou à une partie seulement du spectre de la lumière blanche. On préfère, dans la majorité des applications, une transparence à la lumière blanche. In the glazing according to the invention, the glass sheet, the film of material associated therewith, and the sheet of rigid material are at least translucent. They are preferably transparent to light. They can be transparent to white light or to only part of the white light spectrum. In most applications, white light transparency is preferred.
Dans la suite du présent mémoire, le vocable « lumière » désignera de manière générale la totalité ou une fraction du spectre de la lumière blanche. In the remainder of this specification, the term “light” will generally designate all or a fraction of the spectrum of white light.
Le vitrage selon l'invention qui se comporte comme un résonateur comprend au moins un excitateur, fixé à la feuille de verre ou à la feuille de matériau rigide. The glazing according to the invention which behaves like a resonator comprises at least one exciter, fixed to the glass sheet or to the sheet of rigid material.
L'excitateur peut par exemple être du type piézoélectrique. Il doit être de puissance suffisante pour faire vibrer le vitrage. En principe, l'excitateur peut être disposé en tout endroit du vitrage. Il est cependant avantageux de disposer le ou les excitateurs en bordure du vitrage. On utilise avantageusement plusieurs excitateurs, répartis à la périphérie. La disposition précise de ces excitateurs sur le pourtour est choisie en fonction des modes de résonance du vitrage The exciter can for example be of the piezoelectric type. It must be of sufficient power to vibrate the glazing. In principle, the exciter can be placed anywhere on the glazing. However, it is advantageous to have the exciter (s) at the edge of the glazing. Advantageously, several exciters are used, distributed around the periphery. The precise arrangement of these exciters on the periphery is chosen according to the resonance modes of the glazing
Nonobstant les conditions énoncées ci-dessus, le choix de l'excitateur (ou des excitateurs) n'est pas critique pour la définition de l'invention. On utilise de préférence des excitateurs extra plats. Des exemples d'excitateurs extra plats convenant bien pour l'invention sont ceux produits par NXT pic, sous la dénomination « NXT SoundVu technology » et ceux produits par Glas Platz GmbH & Co. KG, sous la dénomination « Magic Sound® », définis plus haut.
Conformément à l'invention, le panneau est feuilleté et comprend au moins un film en une matière acoustiquement amortissante. Notwithstanding the conditions set out above, the choice of the exciter (or exciters) is not critical for the definition of the invention. Preferably extra flat exciters are used. Examples of extra flat exciters which are very suitable for the invention are those produced by NXT pic, under the name “NXT SoundVu technology” and those produced by Glas Platz GmbH & Co. KG, under the name “Magic Sound® ”, defined upper. According to the invention, the panel is laminated and comprises at least one film of an acoustically damping material.
Le vitrage constitue le résonateur. Il vibre sous l'action de l'excitateur en générant des sons audibles. The glazing constitutes the resonator. It vibrates under the action of the exciter, generating audible sounds.
L'épaisseur du vitrage et particulièrement celle de la feuille de verre constitue dès lors un paramètre important. Elle doit être déterminée de manière que le vitrage puisse vibrer sous l'action de l'excitateur, en émettant des sons d'intensité suffisante. The thickness of the glazing and particularly that of the glass sheet therefore constitutes an important parameter. It must be determined so that the glazing can vibrate under the action of the exciter, by emitting sounds of sufficient intensity.
L'épaisseur de la feuille de verre est conditionnée par sa fréquence de coïncidence. En pratique, on cherche à déplacer celle-ci vers les fréquences aiguës des ondes sonores, en réduisant l'épaisseur de la feuille de verre. On recommande de sélectionner l'épaisseur de la feuille de verre de telle sorte que sa fréquence de coïncidence soit déplacée au-delà de 6 (de préférence 10) kHz. The thickness of the glass sheet is conditioned by its frequency of coincidence. In practice, it is sought to move the latter towards the acute frequencies of the sound waves, by reducing the thickness of the glass sheet. It is recommended to select the thickness of the glass sheet so that its coincidence frequency is moved beyond 6 (preferably 10) kHz.
On préfère réduire l'épaisseur de la feuille de verre jusqu'à ce que sa fréquence de coïncidence soit supérieure à la fréquence maximum normalement audible par l'oreille humaine (environ 20 kHz). Une épaisseur inférieure à 2 mm (de préférence à 1,5 mm) est dès lors recommandée. Pour des considérations de résistance mécanique, on recommande que l'épaisseur de la feuille de verre soit supérieure à 0,5 mm (de préférence à 0,8 mm). Des épaisseurs de 1 à 1,5 mm sont spécialement recommandées. It is preferable to reduce the thickness of the glass sheet until its coincidence frequency is greater than the maximum frequency normally audible by the human ear (about 20 kHz). A thickness of less than 2 mm (preferably 1.5 mm) is therefore recommended. For mechanical strength considerations, it is recommended that the thickness of the glass sheet is greater than 0.5 mm (preferably 0.8 mm). Thicknesses of 1 to 1.5 mm are specially recommended.
La feuille de verre doit être au moins translucide. Elle est de préférence transparente à la lumière. The glass sheet must be at least translucent. It is preferably transparent to light.
Le film du panneau a pour fonction d'assurer la qualité acoustique du panneau. A cet effet, il doit être réalisé en matériau amortissant. The function of the panel film is to ensure the acoustic quality of the panel. For this purpose, it must be made of damping material.
II est nécessaire en effet que le résonateur constitué par le vitrage feuilleté qui garantit les qualités mécanique de l'ensemble puisse convenablement jouer son rôle de résonateur. It is indeed necessary that the resonator constituted by the laminated glazing which guarantees the mechanical qualities of the assembly can properly play its role of resonator.
La seconde feuille de matériau rigide du feuilleté est avantageusement une deuxième feuille de verre analogue ou identique à la première. Il peut aussi s'agir d'une feuille d'un matériau synthétique présentant les caractéristiques optiques requises du vitrage complet.
Le vitrage feuilleté est monté dans les écrans avec une feuille de verre tournée vers l'extérieur pour garantir au mieux la résistance aux rayures. The second sheet of rigid material of the laminate is advantageously a second glass sheet similar or identical to the first. It can also be a sheet of synthetic material having the optical characteristics required for complete glazing. The laminated glazing is mounted in the screens with a sheet of glass facing outwards to best guarantee scratch resistance.
En pratique s'agissant de feuilleté composé de deux feuilles de verre réunies au moyen d'une feuille intercalaire traditionnelle pour les vitrages de sécurité, la feuille intercalaire habituelle de type PVB (polyvinylbutyral) n'offre pas les caractéristiques requises. Elle est trop rigide. In practice, being laminated composed of two glass sheets joined by means of a traditional interlayer sheet for safety glazing, the usual interlayer sheet of PVB (polyvinylbutyral) type does not offer the required characteristics. It is too rigid.
La propriété d'amortissement du film est généralement définie par son facteur d'amortissement ou de perte acoustique, qui indique la quantité d'énergie vibratoire convertie en chaleur. Le facteur d'amortissement maximum théorique étant de 100%. The damping property of the film is generally defined by its damping or acoustic loss factor, which indicates the amount of vibrational energy converted into heat. The theoretical maximum damping factor is 100%.
Dans le vitrage selon l'invention, on sélectionne avantageusement un film tel que le facteur d'amortissement acoustique du vitrage est inférieur à 80% (de préférence à 75%) à 200 Hz et à 200C. On recommande que le facteur d'amortissement soit supérieur à 5% (de préférence 8%) à 200 Hz et à 200C. Les facteurs d'amortissement de 10 à 50% sont préférés. In the glazing according to the invention, a film is advantageously selected such that the acoustic damping factor of the glazing is less than 80% (preferably 75%) at 200 Hz and 20 ° C. It is recommended that the factor d the damping is greater than 5% (preferably 8%) at 200 Hz and 20 ° C. The damping factors of 10 to 50% are preferred.
Le film présentant les propriétés acoustiques requises peut aussi être défini par ses caractéristiques viscoélastiques dont dépendent les propriétés d'amortissement. Le module de cisaillement est un paramètre exprimant la viscoélasticité des produits considérés. The film having the required acoustic properties can also be defined by its viscoelastic characteristics on which the damping properties depend. The shear modulus is a parameter expressing the viscoelasticity of the products considered.
Ces caractéristiques viscoélastiques sont aussi fonction de la température. Par mesure de commodité, le module de cisaillement des produits considérés selon l'invention est défini à la température de 200C. These viscoelastic characteristics are also a function of temperature. For convenience, the shear modulus of the products considered according to the invention is defined at a temperature of 20 ° C.
Le module de cisaillement pour la fréquence de 200 Hz, à la température de 200C, est avantageusement inférieur à 106Pa. The shear modulus for the frequency of 200 Hz, at the temperature of 20 ° C., is advantageously less than 10 6 Pa.
Selon l'invention il est préférable que le vitrage offre un facteur d'amortissement moyen sur l'ensemble de la gamme des fréquences de 200 à 4400Hz qui n'est pas inférieur à 12% et de façon particulièrement préférée pas inférieure à 20%. Cet amortissement moyen doit en outre être obtenu pour les températures effectives d'utilisation. Dans la pratique pour les écrans de type télévision, les températures usuelles varient entre 20 et 400C. L'amortissement moyen minimum doit être assuré sur tout ce domaine de température.
L'amortissement « moyen » du vitrage déterminé pour l'ensemble des fréquences de 200 à 4400Hz, pour un film amortissant donné, ne varie de préférence que de manière limitée dans la gamme des températures utiles. La variation d'amortissement moyen sur la gamme de température de 20 à 400C ne doit pas excéder 35%, et de façon préférée doit être inférieur à 25%. According to the invention, it is preferable for the glazing to offer an average damping factor over the entire frequency range from 200 to 4400 Hz which is not less than 12% and particularly preferably not less than 20%. This average damping must also be obtained for the effective temperatures of use. In practice for television type screens, the usual temperatures vary between 20 and 40 ° C. The minimum average damping must be ensured over this entire temperature range. The “average” damping of the glazing determined for all of the frequencies from 200 to 4400 Hz, for a given damping film, preferably varies only in a limited manner in the range of useful temperatures. The variation in average damping over the temperature range from 20 to 40 ° C. must not exceed 35%, and preferably must be less than 25%.
Le film doit être translucide. Il est de préférence sensiblement transparent à la lumière. The film must be translucent. It is preferably substantially transparent to light.
Des exemples de matières utilisables pour le film comprennent les copolymères d'éthylène et d'acétate de vinyle et les polyuréthanes. Dans les ensembles feuilletés comprenant deux feuilles rigides, notamment deux feuilles de verre on utilise avantageusement les films constitués de polyvinylbutyral dont la plasticité est accrue par l'adjonction de plastifiants en nature et quantité appropriée. Si dans les vitrages de sécurité, la plastification de l'intercalaire est restreinte pour conserver une résistance mécanique importante à l'ensemble feuilleté, dans les applications acoustiques cette exigence n'est pas de même ampleur et les produits peuvent être de qualité beaucoup plus plastique. Examples of materials usable for the film include copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate and polyurethanes. In laminated assemblies comprising two rigid sheets, in particular two glass sheets, films made of polyvinyl butyral are advantageously used, the plasticity of which is increased by the addition of plasticizers in kind and in an appropriate quantity. If in safety glazing, the plasticization of the interlayer is restricted to maintain significant mechanical resistance to the laminated assembly, in acoustic applications this requirement is not of the same magnitude and the products can be of much more plastic quality .
Des films utilisables selon l'invention sont décrits notamment dans les publications EP 517 114, WO 01/19747. Films which can be used according to the invention are described in particular in publications EP 517,114, WO 01/19747.
Il est possible également d'utiliser des films composites comportant par exemple deux couches de PVB usuel pour leur adhérence aux feuilles de verre, ces deux couches prenant en sandwich une couche de matière répondant aux caractéristiques d'amortissement acoustique de l'invention. Cette couche peut elle-même être constituée de PVB "surplastifié". Des produits de ce type sont par exemple ceux commercialisés par la société Sekisui sous le nom de S-LEC. Des produits stratifiés de ce type font l'objet de publications telles que EP 457 It is also possible to use composite films comprising, for example, two layers of usual PVB for their adhesion to glass sheets, these two layers sandwiching a layer of material meeting the acoustic damping characteristics of the invention. This layer can itself be made of "overplasticized" PVB. Products of this type are for example those marketed by the company Sekisui under the name of S-LEC. Laminate products of this type are the subject of publications such as EP 457
190, EP 566 890 ou EP 710 545. 190, EP 566 890 or EP 710 545.
Le vitrage selon l'invention est utilisé le plus souvent avec un écran ou un ensemble assurant l'affichage d'images. Cet ensemble formant l'écran peut constituer la deuxième feuille rigide du vitrage selon l'invention pour autant qu'il se prête à un assemblage du type utilisé pour constituer les vitrages feuilletés.
L'assemblage peut être réalisé en mettant en œuvre les qualités thermoplastiques des films d'amortissement. Il est aussi possible de constituer le feuilleté en utilisant une résine appropriée dont la réticulation est conduite directement entre les feuilles rigides, la feuille de verre du vitrage d'une part, la deuxième feuille rigide ou le panneau constituant l'écran. Des produits de ce type sont par exemple des résines époxy telles que celles utilisées dans les vitrages isolants acoustiques. The glazing according to the invention is most often used with a screen or an assembly ensuring the display of images. This assembly forming the screen can constitute the second rigid sheet of the glazing according to the invention provided that it lends itself to an assembly of the type used to constitute the laminated glazing. The assembly can be carried out by implementing the thermoplastic qualities of the damping films. It is also possible to form the laminate using an appropriate resin whose crosslinking is carried out directly between the rigid sheets, the glass sheet of the glazing on the one hand, the second rigid sheet or the panel constituting the screen. Products of this type are for example epoxy resins such as those used in acoustic insulating glazing.
Nonobstant les propriétés énoncées ci-dessus, qu'elle doit posséder, le choix de la matière de la feuille rigide n'est pas critique pour la définition de l'invention. Notwithstanding the properties set out above, which it must possess, the choice of the material of the rigid sheet is not critical for the definition of the invention.
Des exemples de matières utilisables pour la plaque rigide comprennent notamment les verres minéraux ou synthétiques tels que les polyacrylates ou les polycarbonates. Examples of materials which can be used for the rigid plate include in particular mineral or synthetic glasses such as polyacrylates or polycarbonates.
Les dimensions du vitrage et de ses composants (film, feuille de verre, deuxième feuille rigide) ne sont pas critiques pour la définition de l'invention. Elles vont dépendre des applications auxquelles on destine le vitrage phonique selon l'invention. The dimensions of the glazing and its components (film, glass sheet, second rigid sheet) are not critical for the definition of the invention. They will depend on the applications for which the phonic glazing according to the invention is intended.
En général, il est avantageux que le vitrage ait une épaisseur totale supérieure à 1 mm, afin d'avoir une résistance mécanique suffisante. Il est souhaitable d'éviter une épaisseur excessive, pour une question de poids, d'encombrement et de coût. Les épaisseurs inférieures à 8 mm sont recommandées, celles de 2,5 à 5 mm étant préférées. In general, it is advantageous for the glazing to have a total thickness greater than 1 mm, in order to have sufficient mechanical strength. It is desirable to avoid excessive thickness, for a question of weight, size and cost. Thicknesses less than 8 mm are recommended, those of 2.5 to 5 mm being preferred.
Le vitrage selon l'invention peut avoir toutes formes compatibles avec la destination du vitrage. Il est généralement plan, mais il peut également avoir une forme cintrée autour d'un ou de plusieurs axes. The glazing according to the invention can have any shape compatible with the destination of the glazing. It is generally planar, but it can also have a curved shape around one or more axes.
Le vitrage selon l'invention associe un ensemble de propriétés jugées jusqu'ici incompatibles. D'une part, la feuille de verre lui confère de bonnes propriétés optiques et mécaniques notamment de résistance aux rayures, et son association avec le film en matière acoustiquement amortissante lui confère de bonnes propriétés acoustiques. D'autre part, le vitrage formé de la feuille de verre, et du film, associé à la deuxième feuille ou au panneau d'un écran assure une bonne résistance mécanique.
Le vitrage générateur de sons selon l'invention trouve diverses applications dans la fabrication de dispositifs de visualisation d'images, tels que des écrans de téléviseurs, d'ordinateurs portables, de téléphones portables, du home cinéma ou d'appareils d'analyse physique et/ou chimique. Il trouve également des applications en tant que vitrage « communiquant » à la fois protecteur et générateur de sons (musique ou informations vocales) notamment pour des vitrines de commerces ou de musées, des abribus, des plafonds, des miroirs ou des verres décoratifs, panneaux ou cloisons publicitaires, encadrements d'images, des haut-parleurs... (liste non limitative). The glazing according to the invention combines a set of properties hitherto considered incompatible. On the one hand, the glass sheet gives it good optical and mechanical properties, in particular resistance to scratching, and its association with the film of acoustically damping material gives it good acoustic properties. On the other hand, the glazing formed from the glass sheet, and from the film, associated with the second sheet or with the panel of a screen ensures good mechanical resistance. The sound-generating glazing according to the invention finds various applications in the manufacture of image viewing devices, such as screens for televisions, portable computers, mobile phones, home cinema or physical analysis apparatus. and / or chemical. It also finds applications as glazing "communicating" both protective and generator of sounds (music or vocal information) in particular for shop windows or museums, bus shelters, ceilings, mirrors or decorative glasses, panels or advertising partitions, picture frames, loudspeakers ... (non-exhaustive list).
L'invention concerne dès lors également un écran de visualisation d'images, qui se caractérise en ce qu'il comprend un vitrage générateur de sons conforme à l'invention telle que définie plus haut. Selon l'invention, l'expression « écran de visualisation » désigne tout écran susceptible de supporter une image. Le vocable « image » a une définition large et désigne non seulement la représentation graphique d'objets, mais également des lettres ou symboles alphabétiques. The invention therefore also relates to an image display screen, which is characterized in that it comprises a sound generating glazing according to the invention as defined above. According to the invention, the expression “display screen” designates any screen capable of supporting an image. The term "image" has a broad definition and designates not only the graphic representation of objects, but also letters or alphabetical symbols.
L'écran selon l'invention peut par exemple comprendre une feuille ou une plaque sur laquelle une image a été dessinée et/ou peinte. The screen according to the invention can for example comprise a sheet or a plate on which an image has been drawn and / or painted.
Dans un autre exemple conforme à l'invention, l'écran comprend une feuille ou un panneau de couleur uniforme (par exemple blanc), destiné à recevoir une image projetée au départ d'un projecteur adéquat ou support d'éléments générateurs de cette image. In another example according to the invention, the screen comprises a sheet or a panel of uniform color (for example white), intended to receive an image projected from a suitable projector or support for elements generating this image .
L'écran selon l'invention peut par exemple comprendre une feuille ou une plaque sur laquelle une image a été dessinée et/ou peinte. The screen according to the invention can for example comprise a sheet or a plate on which an image has been drawn and / or painted.
Dans un autre exemple conforme à l'invention, l'écran comprend une feuille ou un panneau de couleur uniforme (par exemple blanc), destiné à recevoir une image projetée au départ d'un projecteur adéquat ou support d'éléments générateurs de cette image. In another example according to the invention, the screen comprises a sheet or a panel of uniform color (for example white), intended to receive an image projected from a suitable projector or support for elements generating this image .
L'invention concerne tout spécialement des écrans de visualisation du type défini plus haut, destiné à équiper des générateurs d'image sélectionnés parmi les appareils d'analyse physique ou chimique, les téléviseurs, les ordinateurs et les téléphones mobiles.
Dans cette application de l'invention, l'écran comprend par exemple une plaque revêtue d'une pellicule fluorescente, équipant un tube cathodique ou une plaque portant un assemblage de cristaux liquides, de manière bien connue dans les techniques de fabrication des ordinateurs et des téléviseurs. The invention relates especially to display screens of the type defined above, intended to equip image generators selected from physical or chemical analysis apparatus, televisions, computers and mobile telephones. In this application of the invention, the screen comprises for example a plate coated with a fluorescent film, fitted to a cathode ray tube or a plate carrying an assembly of liquid crystals, in a manner well known in the techniques of manufacturing computers and televisions.
Le vitrage générateur de sons selon l'invention peut également trouver des applications dans l'industrie du bâtiment, où il peut servir de vitrage équipant des fenêtres, notamment des vitrines de magasins, d'hôtels ou de restaurants (liste non limitative). The sound-generating glazing according to the invention can also find applications in the building industry, where it can be used as glazing equipping windows, in particular shop windows, hotels or restaurants (non-exhaustive list).
L'invention concerne dès lors également l'utilisation du vitrage selon l'invention comme vitrage transparent d'un bâtiment. The invention therefore also relates to the use of the glazing according to the invention as transparent glazing for a building.
Des particularités et détails de l'invention vont apparaître au cours de la description suivante des figures annexées dans lesquelles: Special features and details of the invention will appear during the following description of the appended figures in which:
- la figure 1 est une vue schématique, en perspective cavalière éclatée, d'une forme de réalisation particulière du vitrage selon l'invention; - Figure 1 is a schematic view, in exploded perspective, of a particular embodiment of the glazing according to the invention;
- la figure 2 est une représentation analogue à celle de la figure 1 d'un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention ; - Figure 2 is a representation similar to that of Figure 1 of a second embodiment of the invention;
- la figure 3 est un graphique donnant pour trois matériaux l'amortissement moyen (en pourcentage) en fonction de la température ; - Figure 3 is a graph giving for three materials the average damping (in percentage) as a function of temperature;
- les figures 4a et 4b présentent deux façons d'emplacement de l'excitateur par rapport au vitrage constituant le résonateur - Figures 4a and 4b show two ways of location of the exciter relative to the glazing constituting the resonator
- la figure 5 est un schéma du dispositif utilisé pour la mesure de l'amortissement. - Figure 5 is a diagram of the device used for measuring depreciation.
La notation de référence 1 désigne, dans son ensemble, un vitrage conforme à l'invention. Le vitrage 1 est appliqué sur un écran 2 d'un ordinateur portable, représenté en grisé, de manière à le recouvrir complètement. L'écran 2 est par exemple à cristaux liquides, de manière bien connue dans la technique de fabrication d'ordinateurs et de moniteurs d'ordinateurs. Le panneau constituant la face antérieure de l'écran est par exemple en verre ou en matériau plastique translucide. The reference notation 1 designates, as a whole, a glazing according to the invention. The glazing 1 is applied to a screen 2 of a portable computer, shown in gray, so as to completely cover it. The screen 2 is for example with liquid crystal, in a manner well known in the art of manufacturing computers and computer monitors. The panel constituting the front face of the screen is for example made of glass or translucent plastic material.
Dans l'exemple de la figure 1, le vitrage 1 comprend un film plan 3 pris en sandwich entre une feuille de verre 4, et une feuille de verre 5. La feuille de
verre 5 est plane et a sensiblement les mêmes dimensions que l'écran 2. Elle peut être appliquée directement contre l'écran 2. En variante, la plaque de verre 5 peut être maintenue légèrement écartée de l'écran 2 par un cadre intercalaire, non représenté. La plaque de verre 5 peut être de même épaisseur que la feuille 4 ou d'épaisseur plus importante son rôle principal étant de conférer les propriétés mécaniques requises à l'ensemble en particulier lorsque la feuille 4 est très mince. In the example of FIG. 1, the glazing 1 comprises a flat film 3 sandwiched between a sheet of glass 4, and a sheet of glass 5. The sheet of glass 5 is flat and has substantially the same dimensions as the screen 2. It can be applied directly against the screen 2. As a variant, the glass plate 5 can be kept slightly apart from the screen 2 by an intermediate frame, not shown. The glass plate 5 can be of the same thickness as the sheet 4 or of greater thickness, its main role being to impart the required mechanical properties to the assembly, in particular when the sheet 4 is very thin.
La feuille de verre 4 est plane et elle a les mêmes dimensions que la plaque 5. Elle est entourée d'un cadre 6, dans lequel sont insérés des excitateurs piézoélectriques, non représentés. Ces excitateurs piézoélectriques sont conçus pour soumettre la feuille de verre 4, et de façon générale à l'ensemble du vitrage (feuille de verre 4, film amortissant 3, seconde feuille rigide 5), à des vibrations susceptibles d'émettre des ondes sonores dans le spectre audible (de 20 Hz à 20 kHz environ). La feuille de verre 4 a par exemple une épaisseur de 1,1 mm environ. The glass sheet 4 is planar and has the same dimensions as the plate 5. It is surrounded by a frame 6, into which are inserted piezoelectric exciters, not shown. These piezoelectric exciters are designed to subject the glass sheet 4, and generally to the whole of the glazing (glass sheet 4, damping film 3, second rigid sheet 5), to vibrations liable to emit sound waves in the audible spectrum (from 20 Hz to approximately 20 kHz). The glass sheet 4 has for example a thickness of about 1.1 mm.
Les excitateurs sont au contact avec une des faces de la feuille 4. Ils sont soit disposés entre le cadre 6 et la feuille 4. Dans ce cas leur mise en place est opérée après feuilletage de l'ensemble des deux feuilles 4 et 5 et de la feuille amortissante 3, soit sur la face qui est au contact de la feuille 3. L'introduction dans ce cas peut être réalisée avant feuilletage pour autant que le ou les excitateurs en question soient d'épaisseur compatible avec cet assemblage. Il est encore possible de ménager des logements pour ces excitateurs dans la feuille 3, de préférence avant de procéder au feuilletage. The exciters are in contact with one of the faces of the sheet 4. They are either arranged between the frame 6 and the sheet 4. In this case, they are put into place after laminating all of the two sheets 4 and 5 and the damping sheet 3, either on the face which is in contact with the sheet 3. The introduction in this case can be carried out before lamination provided that the exciter or exciters in question are of thickness compatible with this assembly. It is still possible to provide housings for these exciters in the sheet 3, preferably before proceeding to the lamination.
De façon alternative les excitateurs peuvent être fixés à la feuille rigide 5. Le film 3 est pris en sandwich entre la feuille de verre 4 et la feuille de verre 5. Il est réalisé en une matière polymère amortissante acoustiquement, présentant un facteur de perte acoustique d'environ 0,3. Il doit par ailleurs être transparent à la lumière blanche. Alternatively the exciters can be fixed to the rigid sheet 5. The film 3 is sandwiched between the glass sheet 4 and the glass sheet 5. It is made of an acoustically absorbing polymer material, having an acoustic loss factor about 0.3. It must also be transparent to white light.
Le film 3 peut par exemple être réalisé en copolymère d'éthylène et d'acétate de vinyle et avoir une épaisseur de 0,4 à 0,8 mm. The film 3 can for example be made of a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate and have a thickness of 0.4 to 0.8 mm.
Dans une variante du vitrage représenté à la figure 1, le film 3 est en polyuréthane et son épaisseur est d'environ 0,7 à 0,8 mm.
Dans une autre variante du vitrage représenté à la figure 1, la plaque rigide 5 est en polycarbonate et son épaisseur est d'environ 1 mm. In a variant of the glazing shown in FIG. 1, the film 3 is made of polyurethane and its thickness is approximately 0.7 to 0.8 mm. In another variant of the glazing shown in FIG. 1, the rigid plate 5 is made of polycarbonate and its thickness is approximately 1 mm.
Dans le vitrage représenté à la figure 1, la feuille de verre 4 confère au vitrage une haute résistance aux rayures et de bonnes propriétés optiques. L'association de la feuille de verre 4 (de faible épaisseur) du film amortissant 3 et de la feuille rigide en verre 5, confère au vitrage de bonnes propriétés acoustiques et assure la résistance mécanique du vitrage 1. In the glazing shown in Figure 1, the glass sheet 4 gives the glazing a high scratch resistance and good optical properties. The association of the glass sheet 4 (of thin thickness) of the damping film 3 and of the rigid glass sheet 5, gives the glazing good acoustic properties and ensures the mechanical resistance of the glazing 1.
La variante de la figure 2 présente les éléments constitutifs d'un vitrage dans lequel la feuille de verre 4 est associée au film de matière d'amortissement acoustique et est directement fixée sur le panneau constituant l'écran 2. Dans ce mode de réalisation particulièrement, la constitution du film 3 à partir d'une résine réticulée in situ entre la feuille de verre 4 d'une part et l'écran 2, d'autre part est avantageuse, dans la mesure où elle peut être effectuée sans opération d'assemblage nécessitant une élévation de température, laquelle n'est généralement pas possible avec des composants électroniques des écrans en question. The variant of FIG. 2 presents the constituent elements of a glazing in which the glass sheet 4 is associated with the film of acoustic damping material and is directly fixed to the panel constituting the screen 2. In this particularly embodiment , the constitution of the film 3 from a resin crosslinked in situ between the glass sheet 4 on the one hand and the screen 2, on the other hand is advantageous, insofar as it can be carried out without an operation of assembly requiring a rise in temperature, which is generally not possible with electronic components of the screens in question.
Différents films amortissants (A,B,C) ont été essayés pour leurs propriétés à températures de 20 à 400C. Ces films ont été inclus dans un ensemble feuilleté constitué de deux feuilles de verre de chacune 1,1mm d'épaisseur. Les films A et C ont une épaisseur de 0,76mm. Le film B est deDifferent damping films (A, B, C) were tested for their properties at temperatures from 20 to 40 ° C. These films were included in a laminated assembly consisting of two glass sheets each 1.1 mm thick. Films A and C are 0.76mm thick. Film B is from
0,50mm. 0.50mm.
La technique de mesure de l'amortissement mise en oeuvre est celle décrite à propos de la norme ISO/PAS 16940. Les conditions particulières sont indiquées ci-après. The amortization measurement technique used is that described in connection with ISO / PAS 16940. The specific conditions are indicated below.
L'appareillage utilisé est schématisé à la figure 5. L'échantillon analysé 9 introduit dans l'enceinte thermostatée 8 (contrôle de température 18), est supporté en son centre par le support 10. Il est fixé sur ce dernier par collage 12. L'excitation est communiquée l'échantillon 9 par le pot vibrant 19 et l'intermédiaire du support 10. The apparatus used is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 5. The analyzed sample 9 introduced into the thermostatically controlled enclosure 8 (temperature control 18) is supported at its center by the support 10. It is fixed to the latter by gluing 12. The excitation is communicated to the sample 9 by the vibrating pot 19 and the intermediary of the support 10.
Le circuit comprend un générateur de bruit 17, un amplificateur de puissance 16 et une tête d'impédance 11. L'analyse se fait par l'intermédiaire
d'un amplificateur de mesure d'impédance 13 associé à un analyseur FFT 14, et d'un système de calcul 15. The circuit includes a noise generator 17, a power amplifier 16 and an impedance head 11. The analysis is done via an impedance measuring amplifier 13 associated with an FFT analyzer 14, and a calculation system 15.
Les échantillons testés sont constitués de barreaux feuilletés de The samples tested consist of laminated bars of
230x12mm et dont les épaisseurs totales sont fonction de la nature du film amortissant. L'échantillon est soumis à une excitation vibratoire (pot vibrant230x12mm and whose total thicknesses depend on the nature of the damping film. The sample is subjected to a vibratory excitation (vibrating pot
Bruel & Kjaer, type 4810) fonctionnant en « bruit blanc » (générateur de bruitBruel & Kjaer, type 4810) operating in “white noise” (noise generator
Bruel & Kjaer type 1405). Sous l'effet de l'excitation, l'impédance mécanique de l'échantillon est mesurée (tête d'impédance Bruel & Kjaer, type 8001), et les différentes fréquences de résonnances sont déterminées (analyseur fréquentiel ONO SOKKI, type CF-910). Bruel & Kjaer type 1405). Under the effect of excitation, the mechanical impedance of the sample is measured (Bruel & Kjaer impedance head, type 8001), and the different resonance frequencies are determined (ONO SOKKI frequency analyzer, type CF-910 ).
L'amortissement η est déterminé par la relation : The amortization η is determined by the relation:
T] =AfnZfn T] = Af n Zf n
où fn est la fréquence de résonance considérée et where f n is the resonant frequency considered and
Afn la largeur de la courbe de résonance à - 3dB. Af n the width of the resonance curve at - 3dB.
La mesure est effectuée pour l'ensemble de la gamme des fréquences de The measurement is performed for the entire frequency range of
200 à 4500 Hz. Les valeurs obtenues sont moyennées. 200 to 4500 Hz. The values obtained are averaged.
Les mesures sont faites aux températures représentant les modes de fonctionnement représentatifs des conditions usuelles de fonctionnement d'écrans de type télévision. Trois séries de mesures sont faites respectivement à 20, 30 et 400C. The measurements are made at the temperatures representing the operating modes representative of the usual operating conditions of television type screens. Three series of measurements are made respectively at 20, 30 and 40 ° C.
Les films amortissants testés sont respectivement un film de polyvinyl butyral traditionnellement utilisé dans les applications des vitrages feuilletés destinés au bâtiment, et deux films connus pour l'utilisation dans des vitrages acoustiquement isolants. The damping films tested are respectively a polyvinyl butyral film traditionally used in the applications of laminated glazing intended for the building industry, and two films known for use in acoustically insulating glazing.
Le barreau feuilleté comprenant le PVB traditionnel noté A, ne présente pas de qualités acoustiques. Il est relativement rigide. Le film dont l'échantillon de vitrage testé est noté B, est un composite constitué de deux films de PVB d'épaisseur réduite séparés par un film dont la plasticité est très supérieure à celle du PVB. Le film noté C est constitué d'un PVB fortement plastifié par adjonction de constituants plastifiants.
Les résultats des mesures sont reportés en fonction de la température et de la fréquence aux tableaux suivants notés A, B et C. Un dernier tableau indique la valeur d'amortissement moyen aux différentes températures. Les résultats sont aussi reproduits à la figure 3 représentant l'amortissement en fonction de la température. The laminated bar comprising the traditional PVB rated A does not have any acoustic qualities. It is relatively rigid. The film whose glazing sample tested is rated B, is a composite made up of two PVB films of reduced thickness separated by a film whose plasticity is much higher than that of PVB. The film denoted C consists of a highly plasticized PVB by addition of plasticizing constituents. The results of the measurements are reported as a function of temperature and frequency in the following tables denoted A, B and C. A last table indicates the average damping value at the various temperatures. The results are also reproduced in FIG. 3 representing the damping as a function of the temperature.
Sur cette figure on constate que le facteur d'amortissement pour l'échantillon comportant le PVB traditionnel est relativement faible aux températures considérées. Il ne devient significatif qu'aux températures les plus élevées. Les deux autres produits offrent un amortissement nettement supérieur, amortissement qui à l'inverse du produit précédent diminue lorsque la température s'accroît beaucoup. Dans le domaine de 20 à 400C, ces deux produits répondent aux conditions générales de l'invention. In this figure, it can be seen that the damping factor for the sample comprising the traditional PVB is relatively low at the temperatures considered. It only becomes significant at the highest temperatures. The other two products offer significantly higher damping, which, unlike the previous product, decreases when the temperature rises a lot. In the range of 20 to 40 ° C., these two products meet the general conditions of the invention.
A AT
Température Fréquence Amortissement Temperature Frequency Damping
20 0C 290 Hz 4,7 % 20 0 C 290 Hz 4.7%
20 0C 1410 Hz 7,0 % 20 0 C 1410 Hz 7.0%
20 0C 3237 Hz 10,9 % 20 0 C 3237 Hz 10.9%
30 0C 275 Hz 8,3 % 30 0 C 275 Hz 8.3%
30 0C 1295 Hz 22,6 % 30 0 C 1295 Hz 22.6%
30 0C 2900 Hz 29,3 % 30 0 C 2900 Hz 29.3%
40 0C 235 Hz 47,6 % 40 0 C 235 Hz 47.6%
40 0C 930 Hz 55,9 % 40 0 C 930 Hz 55.9%
50 0C 160 Hz 37,9 % 50 0 C 160 Hz 37.9%
50 0C 645 Hz 30,9 % 50 0 C 645 Hz 30.9%
50 0C 1470 Hz 32,0 % 50 0 C 1470 Hz 32.0%
50 0C 2850 Hz 38,6 % 50 0 C 2850 Hz 38.6%
60 0C 135 Hz 15,2 % 60 0 C 135 Hz 15.2%
60 0C 565 Hz 10,4 % 60 0 C 565 Hz 10.4%
60 0C 1380 Hz 8,0 % 60 0 C 1380 Hz 8.0%
60 0C 2575 Hz 8,4 % 60 0 C 2575 Hz 8.4%
60 0C 4162 Hz 8,2 % 60 0 C 4162 Hz 8.2%
80 0C 125 Hz 9,1 % 80 0 C 125 Hz 9.1%
80 0C 545 Hz 3,1 % 80 0 C 545 Hz 3.1%
80 0C 1340 Hz 2,0 % 80 0 C 1340 Hz 2.0%
80 0C 2512 Hz 1 ,7 % 80 0 C 2512 Hz 1.7%
80 0C 4050 Hz 1 ,3 %
B 80 0 C 4050 Hz 1, 3% B
Température Fréquence Amortissement Temperature Frequency Damping
20 0C 215Hz 32,6 %20 0 C 215Hz 32.6%
20 0C 880Hz 48,3 %20 0 C 880Hz 48.3%
30 0C 200Hz 28,6 %30 0 C 200Hz 28.6%
30 0C 790Hz 37,0 %30 0 C 790Hz 37.0%
40 0C 170Hz 22,3 %40 0 C 170Hz 22.3%
40 0C 660Hz 17,7%40 0 C 660Hz 17.7%
40 0C 1545 Hz 15,4%40 0 C 1545 Hz 15.4%
40 0C 2862 Hz 16,2%40 0 C 2862 Hz 16.2%
50 0C 150Hz 20,0 %50 0 C 150Hz 20.0%
50 0C 625Hz 10,8%50 0 C 625Hz 10.8%
50 0C 1480 Hz 5,7 %50 0 C 1480 Hz 5.7%
50 0C 2750 Hz 6,1 %50 0 C 2750 Hz 6.1%
50 0C 4412 Hz 5,6 %50 0 C 4412 Hz 5.6%
60 0C 135Hz 10,9%60 0 C 135Hz 10.9%
60 0C 590Hz 6,1 %60 0 C 590Hz 6.1%
60 0C 1440 Hz 3,7 %60 0 C 1440 Hz 3.7%
60 0C 2700 Hz 3,2 %60 0 C 2700 Hz 3.2%
60 0C 4325 Hz 2,8 %60 0 C 4325 Hz 2.8%
80 0C 130Hz 9,6 %80 0 C 130Hz 9.6%
80 0C 580Hz 3,1 %80 0 C 580Hz 3.1%
80 0C 1420 Hz 1,5%80 0 C 1420 Hz 1.5%
80 0C 2662 Hz 1 ,4 %80 0 C 2662 Hz 1.4%
80 0C 4287 Hz 1.2% 80 0 C 4287 Hz 1.2%
C VS
Température Fréquence Amortissement Temperature Frequency Damping
20 0C 265Hz 16,1 %20 0 C 265Hz 16.1%
20 0C 1175Hz 30,0 %20 0 C 1175Hz 30.0%
20 0C 2637 Hz 37,5 %20 0 C 2637 Hz 37.5%
30 0C 220Hz 46,5 %30 0 C 220Hz 46.5%
30 0C 900Hz 55,0 %30 0 C 900Hz 55.0%
40 0C 150Hz 36,9 %40 0 C 150Hz 36.9%
40 0C 635Hz 29,2 %40 0 C 635Hz 29.2%
40 0C 1495 Hz 24,2 %40 0 C 1495 Hz 24.2%
40 0C 2800 Hz 26,8 %40 0 C 2800 Hz 26.8%
50 0C 130Hz 15,0%50 0 C 130Hz 15.0%
50 0C 565Hz 9,2 %50 0 C 565Hz 9.2%
50 0C 1380 Hz 7,5 %50 0 C 1380 Hz 7.5%
50 0C 2587 Hz 7,3 %50 0 C 2587 Hz 7.3%
50 0C 4175Hz 7,1 %50 0 C 4175Hz 7.1%
60 0C 125Hz 10,3%60 0 C 125Hz 10.3%
60 0C 550Hz 3,8 %60 0 C 550Hz 3.8%
60 0C 1355 Hz 2,8 %60 0 C 1355 Hz 2.8%
60 0C 2550 Hz 2,7 %60 0 C 2550 Hz 2.7%
60 0C 4100Hz 1,9%60 0 C 4100Hz 1.9%
80 0C 125Hz 11,0%80 0 C 125Hz 11.0%
80 0C 545Hz 2,8 %80 0 C 545Hz 2.8%
80 0C 1345 Hz 1,3%
Amortissement moyen, aux températures d'utilisation. 80 0 C 1345 Hz 1.3% Average cushioning at operating temperatures.
0C A B C 0 CABC
20 ,0 7,5% 40 ,5% 27,9% 20.0 7.5% 40.5% 27.9%
30 ,0 20,1% 32 ,8% 50,8% 30.0 20.1% 32.8% 50.8%
40 ,0 51 ,8% 17 ,9% 29,3% 40.0 51.8% 17.9% 29.3%
L'amortissement des produits comportant les films B et C est bien supérieur à 12% dans toutes les conditions et, pour les conditions de températures les plus usuelles, supérieur à 20%. Par ailleurs pour chacun de ces vitrages B et C l'amortissement en fonction de la température ne varie pas de plus de 35%, et reste même inférieur à 25%. The amortization of products comprising films B and C is much more than 12% under all conditions and, for the most usual temperature conditions, more than 20%. Furthermore, for each of these glazings B and C, the damping as a function of the temperature does not vary by more than 35%, and even remains below 25%.
Les figures 4a et 4b montrent deux types de construction possibles. Ces deux représentations diffèrent par l'emplacement de l'excitateur 7 par rapport à la feuille de verre 4. Les figures ne présentent qu'un excitateur à chaque fois. En fait, les vitrages selon l'invention peuvent recevoir chacun plusieurs excitateurs. Ceci est utile notamment en raison de ce que la résonance de la feuille dépend de l'emplacement de l'excitateur par rapport à celle-ci. Figures 4a and 4b show two possible types of construction. These two representations differ in the location of the exciter 7 relative to the glass sheet 4. The figures show only one exciter each time. In fact, the glazings according to the invention can each receive several exciters. This is useful in particular because the resonance of the sheet depends on the location of the exciter in relation to it.
Comme représenté l'excitateur 6, ou l'un d'entre eux, peut être disposé sur une face de la feuille 4 (figure 4a). De la même façon il est possible de disposer un ou plusieurs excitateurs sur le chant de la feuille 4. Cette dernière disposition présente certains avantages du point de vue acoustique, et de surcroît permet de dégager entièrement la feuille de verre de tout élément qui masque la présence de ces excitateurs. As shown in the exciter 6, or one of them, can be arranged on one face of the sheet 4 (FIG. 4a). In the same way, it is possible to have one or more exciters on the edge of the sheet 4. This latter arrangement has certain advantages from the acoustic point of view, and in addition makes it possible to completely disengage the glass sheet from any element which masks the presence of these exciters.
Les figures 4a et 4b montrent l'excitateur fixé à la feuille de verre 4, ceux-ci peuvent également être fixés à la feuille rigide associée 5. Le choix est fonction pour partie au moins de la commodité de positionnement de ces excitateurs par rapport au vitrage, il tient aussi compte des particularités de mise en résonance du vitrage.
FIGS. 4a and 4b show the exciter fixed to the glass sheet 4, these can also be fixed to the associated rigid sheet 5. The choice depends at least in part on the convenience of positioning these exciters relative to the glazing, it also takes into account the peculiarities of resonance of the glazing.
Claims
1. Vitrage générateur de sons, comprenant une feuille de verre (4), un film (3) en matériau amortissant et une feuille rigide (5), l'ensemble étant feuilleté et comprenant un ou plusieurs excitateurs fixés au vitrage. 1. Sound generating glazing, comprising a glass sheet (4), a film (3) of damping material and a rigid sheet (5), the assembly being laminated and comprising one or more exciters fixed to the glazing.
2. Vitrage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente un facteur d'amortissement inférieur à 80%, à 200 Hz et à 20 0C. 2. Glazing according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a damping factor of less than 80%, at 200 Hz and at 20 ° C.
3. Vitrage selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'amortissement est de 10 à 50%. 3. Glazing according to claim 2, characterized in that the damping is 10 to 50%.
4. Vitrage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente un amortissement moyenne sur la gamme des fréquences de 200 à4. Glazing according to claim 1, characterized in that it has an average damping over the frequency range from 200 to
4400Hz supérieur à 12%, pour des températures de 20 à 400C, 4400Hz higher than 12%, for temperatures from 20 to 40 0 C,
5. Vitrage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente un amortissement moyenne sur la gamme des fréquences de 200 à 4400Hz supérieur à 20%, pour des températures de 20 à 400C, 5. Glazing according to claim 4, characterized in that it has an average damping over the frequency range from 200 to 4400Hz greater than 20%, for temperatures from 20 to 40 0 C,
6. Vitrage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la variation en fonction de la température de l'amortissement moyenne reste inférieure à 35% en valeur absolue, sur la gamme de températures de 20 à 40°C . 6. Glazing according to claim 4, characterized in that the variation as a function of the temperature of the average damping remains less than 35% in absolute value, over the temperature range from 20 to 40 ° C.
7. Vitrage selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la variation en fonction de la température de l'amortissement moyenne reste inférieure à 25% en valeur absolue sur la gamme de températures de 20 à 400C .
7. Glazing according to claim 6, characterized in that the variation as a function of the temperature of the average damping remains less than 25% in absolute value over the temperature range from 20 to 40 0 C.
8. Vitrage selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel le film (3) présente un module de cisaillement pour la fréquence de 200 Hz, à la température de 200C, inférieur à 106Pa. 8. Glazing according to one of the preceding claims, in which the film (3) has a shear modulus for the frequency of 200 Hz, at the temperature of 20 ° C., less than 10 6 Pa.
9. Vitrage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le film (3) est en une matière sélectionnée parmi les copolymères d'éthylène et d'acétate de vinyle, les polyuréthanes, les polyacétals et les résines époxy. 9. Glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the film (3) is made of a material selected from copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate, polyurethanes, polyacetals and epoxy resins.
10. Vitrage selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel le film (3) est un composite comprenant plusieurs couches dont au moins une présente les caractéristiques d'amortissement acoustique requises. 10. Glazing according to one of the preceding claims in which the film (3) is a composite comprising several layers, at least one of which has the required acoustic damping characteristics.
11. Vitrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la feuille de verre (4) est réglée pour que ladite feuille de verre présente une fréquence de coïncidence supérieure à 10 kHz. 11. Glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness of the glass sheet (4) is adjusted so that said glass sheet has a coincidence frequency greater than 10 kHz.
12. Vitrage selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que la feuille de verre (4) a une épaisseur inférieure à 2 mm. 12. Glazing according to claim 11, characterized in that the glass sheet (4) has a thickness of less than 2 mm.
13. Vitrage selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que la feuille de verre (4) a une épaisseur supérieure à 0,8 mm. 13. Glazing according to claim 12, characterized in that the glass sheet (4) has a thickness greater than 0.8 mm.
14. Vitrage selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la feuille de verre (4) est de 1 à 1,5 mm. 14. Glazing according to claim 13, characterized in that the thickness of the glass sheet (4) is 1 to 1.5 mm.
15. Vitrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 14, dont l'épaisseur est supérieure à 2 mm. 15. Glazing according to any one of claims 11 to 14, the thickness of which is greater than 2 mm.
16. Vitrage selon la revendication 15, dont l'épaisseur est de 2,5 à 5 mm.
16. Glazing according to claim 15, the thickness of which is 2.5 to 5 mm.
17. Vitrage selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la feuille de verre (4) est de 1 à 1,5 mm, l'épaisseur du film (3) est de 0,3 à 1 mm et l'épaisseur de la feuille rigide (5) est de 1 à 1,5 mm. 17. Glazing according to claim 16, characterized in that the thickness of the glass sheet (4) is from 1 to 1.5 mm, the thickness of the film (3) is from 0.3 to 1 mm and l the thickness of the rigid sheet (5) is 1 to 1.5 mm.
18. Ecran de visualisation d'images revêtu d'un vitrage phonique conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 17. 18. Image display screen coated with phonic glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 17.
19. Ecran selon la revendication 18, équipant un générateur d'images sélectionné parmi les analyseurs physiques et/ou chimique, les téléviseurs, les ordinateurs et les téléphones mobiles.
19. Screen according to claim 18, fitted to an image generator selected from physical and / or chemical analyzers, televisions, computers and mobile phones.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06830416A EP1966102A1 (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2006-12-06 | Sound-generating glazing |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05111774 | 2005-12-07 | ||
EP06830416A EP1966102A1 (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2006-12-06 | Sound-generating glazing |
PCT/EP2006/069372 WO2007065909A1 (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2006-12-06 | Sound-generating glazing |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1966102A1 true EP1966102A1 (en) | 2008-09-10 |
Family
ID=36636340
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06830416A Withdrawn EP1966102A1 (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2006-12-06 | Sound-generating glazing |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1966102A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5057342B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20080078863A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101360693B (en) |
CA (1) | CA2632650A1 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1125911A1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2436747C2 (en) |
SG (1) | SG168515A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007065909A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5270264B2 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2013-08-21 | オンキヨー株式会社 | Speaker diaphragm and electrodynamic speaker using the same |
EA020100B1 (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2014-08-29 | Агк Гласс Юроп | Panel of glass comprising at least a sheet of glass, an exciter and a touch sensing device |
WO2015017198A1 (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-05 | Corning Incorporated | Modular glass panels and planar structures |
US20150086048A1 (en) * | 2013-09-20 | 2015-03-26 | Corning Incorporated | Acoustic panels and planar structures |
CN105812989A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-07-27 | 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | Loudspeaker |
US10809424B2 (en) | 2017-03-29 | 2020-10-20 | AGC Inc. | Glass sheet composite, diaphragm using the same, and image projection structure |
JP7092143B2 (en) * | 2017-10-04 | 2022-06-28 | Agc株式会社 | Glass plate structure and diaphragm |
EA202190850A1 (en) | 2018-09-25 | 2021-07-05 | Агк Гласс Юроп | VEHICLE INTERIOR COMPONENT |
WO2024117071A1 (en) * | 2022-12-02 | 2024-06-06 | Agc株式会社 | Glass diaphragm, glass diaphragm with vibrator, and method for manufacturing glass diaphragm |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3211261B2 (en) * | 1991-06-07 | 2001-09-25 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | Laminated glass |
JPH066891A (en) * | 1992-06-19 | 1994-01-14 | Masaaki Takenaka | Full-range speaker using glass diaphragm |
US6132882A (en) * | 1996-12-16 | 2000-10-17 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Damped glass and plastic laminates |
TR200002108T2 (en) * | 1998-01-20 | 2000-11-21 | New Transducers Limited | Active acoustic devices containing panel elements. |
DE19938159A1 (en) * | 1999-08-16 | 2001-02-22 | Huels Troisdorf | Acoustically insulating film, useful for the production of laminated safety glass, comprises partially acetalized polyvinyl alcohol containing a polyalkylene glycol or derivative |
JP3591578B2 (en) * | 1999-11-09 | 2004-11-24 | ヤマハ株式会社 | Acoustic radiator |
WO2001052400A1 (en) * | 2000-01-07 | 2001-07-19 | Arthur D. Little Enterprises, Inc. | Mechanical-to-acoustical transformer and multi-media flat film speaker |
GB0018996D0 (en) * | 2000-08-03 | 2000-09-20 | New Transducers Ltd | Bending wave loudspeaker |
CN2641717Y (en) * | 2003-09-19 | 2004-09-15 | 姚光明 | Non-glass material surface sound wave contact screen |
-
2006
- 2006-12-06 SG SG201009047-0A patent/SG168515A1/en unknown
- 2006-12-06 CN CN2006800516555A patent/CN101360693B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-12-06 JP JP2008543825A patent/JP5057342B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-12-06 WO PCT/EP2006/069372 patent/WO2007065909A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-12-06 CA CA002632650A patent/CA2632650A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-12-06 RU RU2008127159/03A patent/RU2436747C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-12-06 KR KR1020087015800A patent/KR20080078863A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-12-06 EP EP06830416A patent/EP1966102A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-04-17 HK HK09103549.1A patent/HK1125911A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2007065909A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101360693B (en) | 2012-06-20 |
CN101360693A (en) | 2009-02-04 |
RU2008127159A (en) | 2010-01-20 |
KR20080078863A (en) | 2008-08-28 |
WO2007065909A1 (en) | 2007-06-14 |
JP5057342B2 (en) | 2012-10-24 |
SG168515A1 (en) | 2011-02-28 |
JP2009518910A (en) | 2009-05-07 |
CA2632650A1 (en) | 2007-06-14 |
HK1125911A1 (en) | 2009-08-21 |
RU2436747C2 (en) | 2011-12-20 |
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