EP1957894A1 - Method for operating a refrigerator, and a refrigerator in which the compressor is switched on with a time delay - Google Patents

Method for operating a refrigerator, and a refrigerator in which the compressor is switched on with a time delay

Info

Publication number
EP1957894A1
EP1957894A1 EP06819110A EP06819110A EP1957894A1 EP 1957894 A1 EP1957894 A1 EP 1957894A1 EP 06819110 A EP06819110 A EP 06819110A EP 06819110 A EP06819110 A EP 06819110A EP 1957894 A1 EP1957894 A1 EP 1957894A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressor
evaporator
time delay
refrigerator
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06819110A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1957894B1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Guffler
Georg Hausmann
Hans Ihle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
Original Assignee
BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH filed Critical BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
Priority to EP10163230.5A priority Critical patent/EP2211128B1/en
Publication of EP1957894A1 publication Critical patent/EP1957894A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1957894B1 publication Critical patent/EP1957894B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/24—Arrangement of shut-off valves for disconnecting a part of the refrigerant cycle, e.g. an outdoor part
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/26—Problems to be solved characterised by the startup of the refrigeration cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/23—Time delays
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2519—On-off valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/15—Power, e.g. by voltage or current
    • F25B2700/151—Power, e.g. by voltage or current of the compressor motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/37—Capillary tubes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a refrigerator, in particular a refrigerator, comprising a compressor with a compressor inlet and a compressor outlet, an evaporator with an evaporator inlet and an evaporator outlet, at least one valve, connecting lines, and a control unit, wherein the compressor and the evaporator through the connecting lines fluidly connected to a coolant circuit and the valve is arranged in the coolant circuit between the compressor outlet and the evaporator inlet, and wherein the compressor and the valve are controlled by the control unit; and a method for operating a cooling device, in particular a refrigerator, which has a compressor and an evaporator for compressing a coolant, wherein the compressor and the evaporator are fluid-connected to a coolant circuit, so that the coolant from a compressor outlet to the compressor to an evaporator inlet on the evaporator and from an evaporator outlet on the evaporator to a compressor inlet to the compressor can flow.
  • Such a cooling device is known from EP 0 602 379, which has a refrigerating machine and a heat-insulated housing in which an evaporator system connected to one another by means of refrigerant lines is arranged.
  • the evaporators are arranged individually in thermally separated compartments whose temperature can be influenced by a controller controlling the refrigerant supply to the respective evaporator via a valve unit. With the help of the valve unit, the refrigerant supply is allocated to the respective subjects associated evaporators.
  • a refrigerator with a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device and an evaporator which is operatively connected to each other by a refrigeration circuit in which a cooling medium is sealingly sealed, wherein the evaporator is embedded in a heat insulating material, which covers an inside chamber of the refrigerator.
  • a check valve is arranged, which is opened by a controller when the compressor is driven.
  • valve between a compressor outlet and an evaporator inlet to prevent back-condensation of refrigerant from the compressor into the evaporator when the compressor is off and the line between the compressor and evaporator contains hot refrigerant.
  • the valve prevents the warm refrigerant from flowing into and heating the evaporator.
  • the cooling device comprises a compressor with a compressor inlet and a compressor outlet, an evaporator with an evaporator inlet and an evaporator outlet, at least one valve, connecting lines and a control unit, wherein the compressor and the evaporator are connected together fluidically through the connecting lines to a coolant circuit and the Valve is disposed in the refrigerant circuit between the compressor outlet and the compressor inlet, and wherein the compressor and the valve are controlled by the control unit or, which control unit has a delay unit, which causes the compressor with after opening the valve with a time delay is turned on.
  • the cooling device is preferably a refrigerator and / or freezer and may have one or more cooling compartments, which may be tempered at different temperature levels.
  • the cooling device in particular a heat-insulated housing and at least one heat insulated door on.
  • the cooling device may also be a refrigeration device, in particular an air conditioning system such as, for example, an air conditioning system for motor vehicles.
  • a coolant such as e.g. a hydrocarbon such as isobutane compressed.
  • the refrigerant may have a boiling point between -5 ° C and -40 ° C, preferably between -15 ° C and -30 ° C.
  • the compressor is designed in particular as a compressor, through which a gaseous refrigerant is compressed.
  • the compressed refrigerant is then added in particular to a heat exchanger, e.g. supplied to a condenser, through which the energy supplied due to the compression process to a heat exchange medium, such. Air, especially to the environment, is discharged.
  • the compressor usually works with a flow resistance, such as e.g. a throttle pipe together to build a higher pressure, usually between 4 and 10 bar, behind the compressor.
  • the compression process and the subsequent temperature compensation of the coolant with the environment provide a compressed coolant at ambient temperature.
  • the gaseous coolant can be converted into the liquid state of aggregation.
  • the coolant cools in a subsequent expansion due to the Joule-Thomson effect and / or the phase transition liquid-gaseous and thus provides the
  • Cooling capacity of the refrigeration device Advantageously, the pressure conditions, the amount of coolant and the coolant are chosen so that the evaporator liquefied coolant is supplied, which evaporates in the subsequent expansion in the evaporator. After evaporation and absorption of heat, the coolant is returned to the compressor.
  • the connecting line between the compressor and the evaporator can be interrupted.
  • the interruption serves to prevent a back-condensation of coolant at the compressor.
  • the efficiency of the refrigerator is significantly improved and the average energy consumption of the refrigerator is significantly reduced.
  • the time delay between the opening of the shut-off valve and the start of the compressor serves to facilitate the start-up of the compressor and to ensure even under critical conditions.
  • premature opening of the valve the refrigerant trapped between the compressor and the valve, which is usually gaseous at a high pressure when the compressor has been off for a long time, can flow into the evaporator, thereby reducing the pressure at the compressor .
  • the reduced pressure on the pressure side of the compressor facilitates the starting process of the compressor considerably, so that a start-up of the compressor even under critical conditions, i. at high ambient temperatures and low power supply or low mains voltage. This advantage can also be used to reduce the size of the electric motor in the compressor.
  • the premature opening allows a smaller dimensioning of the electric motor due to the reduction of the required minimum starting torque.
  • the electric motor can also be designed to save energy consumption. As a result, manufacturing costs, energy costs and operating costs can be saved.
  • the time delay is in particular at least 0.5 sec, preferably at least 1 sec.
  • the flow resistance can be configured as a throttle valve or capillary tube.
  • the compressor is switched on, for example, between 0.5 and 10 seconds, in particular between 1 and 4 seconds.
  • the cooling device comprises a voltage sensor for measuring a current mains voltage, which is applied to the cooling device.
  • the voltage sensor can be determined which maximum power of the compressor or the compressor can absorb.
  • the delay circuit is advantageously set up so that the duration of the time delay depends on the measured mains voltage, in particular the duration of the time delay for a lower first mains voltage is greater than for a larger second mains voltage.
  • the time delay is extended by one second when the instantaneous mains voltage deviates by 10% from the nominal mains voltage.
  • the compressor instead of one second, the compressor will not be turned on until 2 seconds after opening the valve when a voltage of 207 V is applied to a grid with nominal nal 230 V is measured. If a voltage of 184 V is measured, for example, the time delay is further extended and the compressor is turned on only after 3 seconds after opening the valve.
  • the time delay may depend continuously on the instantaneous mains voltage, but it may also increase in steps or depend on it in steps.
  • the cooling device further comprises a temperature sensor for measuring a current ambient temperature of the cooling device.
  • the refrigerator may further include a sensor for measuring a current temperature in or on the evaporator.
  • the delay circuit is set up such that the duration of the time delay depends on the measured temperature, in particular the duration of the time delay is greater for a higher first temperature than for a lower second temperature.
  • the time delay may be extended by one second when the ambient temperature is above 30 ° C. If the ambient temperature is above 35 ° C, the time delay can be extended by one more second.
  • valves are provided for a plurality of evaporators.
  • several cooling circuits for several temperature levels can be used here.
  • the cooling device has in particular a plurality of cooling compartments, each having at least one evaporator.
  • the inventive method for operating a cooling device in particular a refrigerator, which has a compressor and an evaporator for compressing and evaporating a coolant, wherein the compressor and the evaporator fluidly connected to a coolant circuit, so that the coolant from a compressor outlet on the compressor to a
  • the delayed switch-on of the compressor reduces the pressure against which the compressor must work, because the pressure between the compressor and the valve is released by the coolant flowing out into the evaporator.
  • This facilitates the start of the compressor, in particular its electric motor during the start-up phase, in which the engine (depending on the engine type) does not provide its optimal performance or maximum torque and can provide.
  • the easier starting process of the compressor also allows to make the engine smaller. Also, this can cause problems in starting the compressor under unfavorable conditions, e.g. at a high ambient temperature or at a low electrical current / voltage level. Energy supply can be ensured.
  • the instantaneous mains voltage applied to the refrigerator is measured and the duration of the time delay is selected as a function of the measured mains voltage, in particular the duration of the time delay for a lower first mains voltage is greater than for a larger second mains voltage.
  • time delays useful:
  • the time delay is increased continuously or stepwise by at least 0.5 seconds, in particular at least 1 second, per 10% deviation of the measured mains voltage below the nominal mains voltage.
  • the ambient temperature of the refrigerator and / or a temperature at or in the evaporator is measured and the duration of the time delay selected as a function of the measured temperature, in particular the duration of the time delay is selected to be greater for a higher first temperature than for a lower second temperature.
  • the time delay is increased continuously or stepwise by at least 0.5 seconds, in particular at least 1 second per 5 ° C deviation above 20 ° C.
  • a particularly high efficiency of the refrigerator can be achieved.
  • Figure 1 shows the refrigerator according to the invention as a circuit diagram.
  • Fig. 2 shows a time course as the refrigeration device according to the invention is operated.
  • FIG. 1 shows a refrigerator 1 according to the invention, which is designed as a refrigerator and has a compressor 2 with a compressor inlet 1 1 and with a compressor outlet 12 and an evaporator 3 with an evaporator inlet 13 and with an evaporator outlet 14.
  • the compressor 2 and the evaporator 3 are connected via connecting lines 5 to a coolant circuit 7, wherein between the compressor 2 and the evaporator 3, a valve 4, a condenser 15 and a flow resistance 16 are arranged.
  • the connecting line 5 between the compressor outlet 12 and the evaporator inlet 13 can be shut off.
  • a refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit 7 is compressed by the compressor 2, so that the temperature of the refrigerant is increased. Then the heat is released to the environment, causing the coolant to mung resistance 16 generated high pressure between the flow resistance 16 and the compressor 2 liquefied.
  • the flow resistance is designed as a throttle tube.
  • the coolant is expanded, whereby it cools.
  • the refrigerated content of the compressed refrigerant is then provided to a refrigerating compartment (not shown) of the refrigerator 1.
  • the relaxed and warmed up in the evaporator 3 coolant is then fed back to the compressor 2.
  • the valve 4 and the compressor 2 is controlled by a control unit which is in communication with a first 10 and a second 17 temperature sensor and a voltage sensor 9.
  • the valve 4 serves to avoid a deterioration of the efficiency of the refrigerator 1 due to a back-condensation of coolant from the switched-off, warm compressor 2 in the still cold evaporator 3.
  • the control unit 6 has a delay unit 8, with which the compressor 2 is switched on only after a time delay after the opening of the valve 4. Due to the premature opening of the valve 4 before the compressor 2 is switched on, the coolant stored between the compressor 2 and the valve 4 under comparatively high pressure can relax into the evaporator 3, so that the compressor 2 does not act against the high pressure only work against a lower pressure.
  • the ambient temperature is below 20 °
  • the temperature at the evaporator 3 is below a predetermined setpoint temperature and the instantaneous voltage applied to the cooling unit 1 mains voltage greater than 220 V
  • a delay of 1 second is selected at which the compressor 2 is turned on after the valve 4 was opened. If the instantaneous mains voltage is 105 V, the delay time is increased by 1 second. If the ambient temperature is above 25 °, the delay time is increased by another second.
  • the invention relates to a cooling device 1, in particular a refrigerator, comprising a compressor 2 with a compressor inlet 11 and a compressor outlet 12, an evaporator 3 with an evaporator inlet 13 and an evaporator outlet 14, at least one valve 4, connecting lines 5 and a control unit 6, wherein the Compressor 2 and the evaporator 3 are connected fluidically through the connecting lines 5 to a coolant circuit 7 and the valve 4 is arranged in the coolant circuit 7 between the compressor outlet 12 and the evaporator inlet 13, and wherein the compressor 2 and the valve 4 is controlled by the control unit 6 be, wherein the control unit 6 has a delay unit 8, which causes the compressor 2 is turned on only after the opening of the valve 4 with a time delay; and a corresponding method for operating a cooling device 1.
  • the invention is characterized in that a reliable operation of the cooling device 1 is ensured even during the start-up phase of the compressor 2, wherein a high efficiency and good energy utilization is achieved.

Abstract

The device (1) has a compressor (2) with a compressor inlet and a compressor outlet, and an evaporator with an evaporator inlet and an evaporator outlet. A valve (4) is arranged in a coolant circuit between the compressor outlet and the evaporator inlet. The compressor and the valve are controlled by a control unit (6). The control unit has a delay unit (8), which causes the compressor to be activated with a time delay after opening the valve. A temperature sensor is provided for measuring the instantaneous surrounding temperature of the cooling device. An independent claim is also included for a method for operating the cooling device.

Description

Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kühlschranks sowie Kühlschrank mit einem zeitverzögerten Einschalten des Verdichters Method for operating a refrigerator and refrigerator with a delayed switch on the compressor
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kühlgerät, insbesondere einen Kühlschrank, umfassend einen Verdichter mit einem Verdichtereinlass und einem Verdichterauslass, einen Verdampfer mit ei- nem Verdampfereinlass und einem Verdampferauslass, mindestens ein Ventil, Verbindungsleitungen, und eine Kontrolleinheit, wobei der Verdichter und der Verdampfer durch die Verbindungsleitungen fluidleitend zu einem Kühlmittelkreislauf zusammengeschlossen sind und das Ventil in dem Kühlmittelkreislauf zwischen dem Verdichterauslass und dem Verdampfereinlass angeordnet ist, und wobei der Verdichter und das Ventil von der Kontrolleinheit an- steuerbar sind; sowie ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kühlgeräts, insbesondere eines Kühlschranks, welches einen Verdichter und einen Verdampfer zum Verdichten bzw. Verdampfen eines Kühlmittels aufweist, wobei der Verdichter und der Verdampfer fluidleitend zu einem Kühlmittelkreislauf zusammengeschlossen sind, so dass das Kühlmittel von einem Verdichterauslass am Verdichter zu einem Verdampfereinlass am Verdampfer und von ei- nem Verdampferauslass am Verdampfer zu einem Verdichtereinlass am Verdichter strömen kann.The invention relates to a refrigerator, in particular a refrigerator, comprising a compressor with a compressor inlet and a compressor outlet, an evaporator with an evaporator inlet and an evaporator outlet, at least one valve, connecting lines, and a control unit, wherein the compressor and the evaporator through the connecting lines fluidly connected to a coolant circuit and the valve is arranged in the coolant circuit between the compressor outlet and the evaporator inlet, and wherein the compressor and the valve are controlled by the control unit; and a method for operating a cooling device, in particular a refrigerator, which has a compressor and an evaporator for compressing a coolant, wherein the compressor and the evaporator are fluid-connected to a coolant circuit, so that the coolant from a compressor outlet to the compressor to an evaporator inlet on the evaporator and from an evaporator outlet on the evaporator to a compressor inlet to the compressor can flow.
Aus der EP 0 602 379 ist ein derartiges Kühlgerät bekannt, welches eine Kältemaschine und ein wärmeisoliertes Gehäuse aufweist, in welchem ein durch Kältemittelleitungen miteinan- der verbundenes Verdampfersystem angeordnet ist. Bei dem Verdampfersystem sind die Verdampfer einzeln in voneinander thermisch getrennten Fächern angeordnet, deren Temperatur durch eine die Kältemittelzufuhr zu dem jeweiligen Verdampfer über eine Ventileinheit steuernde Regleranordnung beeinflussbar ist. Mit Hilfe der Ventileinheit wird die Kältemittelzufuhr auf die den jeweiligen Fächern zugeordneten Verdampfern zugeteilt.Such a cooling device is known from EP 0 602 379, which has a refrigerating machine and a heat-insulated housing in which an evaporator system connected to one another by means of refrigerant lines is arranged. In the evaporator system, the evaporators are arranged individually in thermally separated compartments whose temperature can be influenced by a controller controlling the refrigerant supply to the respective evaporator via a valve unit. With the help of the valve unit, the refrigerant supply is allocated to the respective subjects associated evaporators.
Aus der DE 696 28 506 T1 ist ein Kühlschrank mit einem Kompressor, einem Kondensator, einer Expansionsvorrichtung und einem Verdampfer bekannt, die funktionsmäßig miteinander durch einen Kühlkreislauf verbunden sind, in dem abdichtend ein Kühlmedium eingeschlossen ist, wobei der Verdampfer in ein Wärmeisolationsmaterial eingebettet ist, das eine innenseitige Kammer des Kühlschranks abdeckt. Zwischen dem Kompressor und einer Ex- pansionsvorrichtung ist ein Sperrventil angeordnet, welches durch eine Steuerung geöffnet wird, wenn der Kompressor angetrieben wird.From DE 696 28 506 T1 a refrigerator with a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device and an evaporator is known which is operatively connected to each other by a refrigeration circuit in which a cooling medium is sealingly sealed, wherein the evaporator is embedded in a heat insulating material, which covers an inside chamber of the refrigerator. Between the compressor and an Ex- Pansionsvorrichtung a check valve is arranged, which is opened by a controller when the compressor is driven.
Es ist bekannt, ein Ventil zwischen einem Verdichterauslass und einem Verdampfereinlass anzuordnen, um eine Rückkondensation von Kältemittel aus dem Verdichter in den Ver- dampfer zu verhindern, wenn der Kompressor ausgeschaltet ist und das Leitungsstück zwischen Kompressor und Verdampfer warmes Kältemittel enthält. Mit Hilfe des Ventils wird verhindert, dass das warme Kältemittel in den Verdampfer strömt und diesen erwärmt.It is known to arrange a valve between a compressor outlet and an evaporator inlet to prevent back-condensation of refrigerant from the compressor into the evaporator when the compressor is off and the line between the compressor and evaporator contains hot refrigerant. The valve prevents the warm refrigerant from flowing into and heating the evaporator.
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Kühlgerät bzw. ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kühlgeräts anzugeben, womit ein zuverlässiger Betrieb des Kühlschranks mit einem möglichst hohen Wirkungsgrad erzielt werden kann.It is an object of the present invention to provide a cooling device or a method for operating a cooling device, whereby a reliable operation of the refrigerator can be achieved with the highest possible efficiency.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch das Kühlgerät sowie durch das Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kühlgeräts, wie in den unabhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben, gelöst. Wei- tere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen, die jeweils einzeln angewandt oder in geeigneter Weise beliebig miteinander kombiniert werden können, sind Gegenstand der jeweilig abhängigen Ansprüche.This object is achieved by the cooling device and by the method for operating a refrigerator, as stated in the independent claims. Further advantageous embodiments and further developments, which can be applied individually or combined with each other in a suitable manner, are the subject of the respective dependent claims.
Das erfindungsgemäße Kühlgerät umfasst einen Verdichter mit einem Verdichtereinlass und einem Verdichterauslass, einen Verdampfer mit einem Verdampfereinlass und einem Ver- dampferauslass, mindestens ein Ventil, Verbindungsleitungen und eine Kontrolleinheit, wobei der Verdichter und der Verdampfer durch die Verbindungsleitungen fluidleitend zu einem Kühlmittelkreislauf zusammengeschlossen sind und das Ventil in dem Kühlmittelkreislauf zwischen dem Verdichterauslass und dem Verdichtereinlass angeordnet ist, und wobei der Verdichter und das Ventil von der Kontrolleinheit angesteuert werden bzw. ansteuerbar sind, wobei die Kontrolleinheit eine Verzögerungseinheit aufweist, die bewirkt, dass der Verdichter erst nach dem Öffnen des Ventils mit einer Zeitverzögerung eingeschaltet wird.The cooling device according to the invention comprises a compressor with a compressor inlet and a compressor outlet, an evaporator with an evaporator inlet and an evaporator outlet, at least one valve, connecting lines and a control unit, wherein the compressor and the evaporator are connected together fluidically through the connecting lines to a coolant circuit and the Valve is disposed in the refrigerant circuit between the compressor outlet and the compressor inlet, and wherein the compressor and the valve are controlled by the control unit or, which control unit has a delay unit, which causes the compressor with after opening the valve with a time delay is turned on.
Das Kühlgerät ist vorzugsweise ein Kühl- und/oder Gefrierschrank und kann ein oder mehre- re, gegebenenfalls auf verschiedenen Temperaturstufen temperierte Kühlfächer aufweisen.The cooling device is preferably a refrigerator and / or freezer and may have one or more cooling compartments, which may be tempered at different temperature levels.
Hierzu weist das Kühlgerät insbesondere ein wärmeisoliertes Gehäuse und mindestens eine wärmeisolierte Tür auf. Das Kühlgerät kann in einer Abwandlung der Erfindung auch ein Kältegerät, insbesondere eine Klimaanlage wie z.B. eine Klimaanlage für Kraftfahrzeuge, sein.For this purpose, the cooling device in particular a heat-insulated housing and at least one heat insulated door on. In a modification of the invention, the cooling device may also be a refrigeration device, in particular an air conditioning system such as, for example, an air conditioning system for motor vehicles.
Mit Hilfe des Verdichters wird ein Kühlmittel wie z.B. ein Kohlenwasserstoff wie Isobutan verdichtet. Das Kältemittel kann einen Siedepunkt zwischen -5°C und -40°C, vorzugsweise zwischen -15°C und -30°C aufweisen.With the aid of the compressor, a coolant such as e.g. a hydrocarbon such as isobutane compressed. The refrigerant may have a boiling point between -5 ° C and -40 ° C, preferably between -15 ° C and -30 ° C.
Der Verdichter ist insbesondere als Kompressor ausgestaltet, durch den ein gasförmiges Kältemittel komprimiert wird. Das verdichtete Kältemittel wird anschließend insbesondere einem Wärmetauscher wie z.B. einem Verflüssiger zugeführt, durch den die aufgrund des Verdichtungsvorgangs zugeführte Energie an ein Wärmetauschermedium, wie z.B. Luft, insbesondere an die Umgebung, abgegeben wird. Der Verdichter wirkt hierfür in der Regel mit einem Strömungswiderstand wie z.B. einem Drosselrohr zusammen, um einen höheren Druck, üblicherweise zwischen 4 und 10 bar, hinter dem Verdichter aufzubauen. Durch den Verdichtungsvorgang und dem anschließenden Temperaturausgleich des Kühlmittels mit der Umgebung wird ein verdichtetes Kühlmittel bei Umgebungstemperatur bereitgestellt. Während der Verdichtung kann das gasförmige Kühlmittel in den flüssigen Aggregatszustand überführt werden.The compressor is designed in particular as a compressor, through which a gaseous refrigerant is compressed. The compressed refrigerant is then added in particular to a heat exchanger, e.g. supplied to a condenser, through which the energy supplied due to the compression process to a heat exchange medium, such. Air, especially to the environment, is discharged. The compressor usually works with a flow resistance, such as e.g. a throttle pipe together to build a higher pressure, usually between 4 and 10 bar, behind the compressor. The compression process and the subsequent temperature compensation of the coolant with the environment provide a compressed coolant at ambient temperature. During the compression, the gaseous coolant can be converted into the liquid state of aggregation.
Das Kühlmittel kühlt sich bei einer darauf folgenden Expansion aufgrund des Joule- Thomson-Effekts und/oder des Phasenübergangs flüssig-gasförmig ab und erbringt somit dieThe coolant cools in a subsequent expansion due to the Joule-Thomson effect and / or the phase transition liquid-gaseous and thus provides the
Kälteleistung des Kältegeräts. Vorteilhafterweise werden die Druckbedingungen, die Menge an Kühlmittel und das Kühlmittel so gewählt, dass dem Verdampfer verflüssigtes Kühlmittel zugeführt wird, welches bei der anschließenden Expansion im Verdampfer verdampft. Nach dem Verdampfen und Aufnehmen von Wärme wird das Kühlmittel wieder dem Verdichter zugeführt.Cooling capacity of the refrigeration device. Advantageously, the pressure conditions, the amount of coolant and the coolant are chosen so that the evaporator liquefied coolant is supplied, which evaporates in the subsequent expansion in the evaporator. After evaporation and absorption of heat, the coolant is returned to the compressor.
Mit Hilfe des Ventils kann die Verbindungsleitung zwischen dem Verdichter und dem Verdampfer unterbrochen werden. Die Unterbrechung dient dazu, eine Rückkondensation von Kühlmittel am Verdichter zu vermeiden. Hierdurch wird der Wirkungsgrad des Kältegeräts erheblich verbessert und die durchschnittliche Energieaufnahme des Kühlgeräts wird erheblich reduziert. - A -With the help of the valve, the connecting line between the compressor and the evaporator can be interrupted. The interruption serves to prevent a back-condensation of coolant at the compressor. As a result, the efficiency of the refrigerator is significantly improved and the average energy consumption of the refrigerator is significantly reduced. - A -
Die Zeitverzögerung zwischen dem Öffnen des Absperrventils und dem Start des Verdichters dient dazu, den Anlauf des Verdichters zu erleichtern und auch unter kritischen Bedingungen sicherzustellen. Durch das vorzeitige Öffnen des Ventils kann das zwischen dem Verdichter und dem Ventil eingeschlossene Kältemittel, welches in der Regel gasförmig unter einem hohen Druck vorliegt, wenn der Verdichter längere Zeit ausgeschaltet war, in den Verdamp- fer strömen, wodurch der Druck am Verdichter reduziert wird. Der reduzierte Druck auf der Druckseite des Verdichters erleichtert den Startvorgang des Verdichters erheblich, so dass ein Anlaufen des Verdichters auch unter kritischen Bedingungen, d.h. bei hohen Umgebungstemperaturen und schwacher Stromversorgung bzw. niedriger Netzspannung, gewährleistet wird. Dieser Vorteil kann auch dazu genutzt werden, den Elektromotor im Verdichter zu verkleinern. Das vorzeitige Öffnen erlaubt aufgrund der Reduzierung des erforderlichen Mindestanlaufdrehmoments eine kleinere Dimensionierung des Elektromotors. Der Elektromotor kann darüber hinaus auch im Verbrauch energiesparender konstruiert werden. Hierdurch können Herstellungskosten, Energiekosten und Betriebskosten eingespart werden. Die Zeitverzögerung beträgt insbesondere mindestens 0,5 sec, vorzugsweise mindestens 1 sec.The time delay between the opening of the shut-off valve and the start of the compressor serves to facilitate the start-up of the compressor and to ensure even under critical conditions. By premature opening of the valve, the refrigerant trapped between the compressor and the valve, which is usually gaseous at a high pressure when the compressor has been off for a long time, can flow into the evaporator, thereby reducing the pressure at the compressor , The reduced pressure on the pressure side of the compressor facilitates the starting process of the compressor considerably, so that a start-up of the compressor even under critical conditions, i. at high ambient temperatures and low power supply or low mains voltage. This advantage can also be used to reduce the size of the electric motor in the compressor. The premature opening allows a smaller dimensioning of the electric motor due to the reduction of the required minimum starting torque. The electric motor can also be designed to save energy consumption. As a result, manufacturing costs, energy costs and operating costs can be saved. The time delay is in particular at least 0.5 sec, preferably at least 1 sec.
Der Strömungswiderstand kann als Drosselventil oder Kapillarrohr ausgestaltet sein.The flow resistance can be configured as a throttle valve or capillary tube.
Der Verdichter wird beispielsweise zwischen 0,5 und 10 sec, insbesondere zwischen 1 und 4 sec, eingeschaltet.The compressor is switched on, for example, between 0.5 and 10 seconds, in particular between 1 and 4 seconds.
Vorteilhafterweise umfasst das Kühlgerät einen Spannungssensor zum Messen einer momentanen Netzspannung, die an dem Kühlgerät anliegt. Mit Hilfe des Spannungssensors kann ermittelt werden, welche maximale Leistung der Verdichter bzw. der Kompressor aufnehmen kann.Advantageously, the cooling device comprises a voltage sensor for measuring a current mains voltage, which is applied to the cooling device. With the help of the voltage sensor can be determined which maximum power of the compressor or the compressor can absorb.
Die Verzögerungsschaltung ist vorteilhafterweise so eingerichtet, dass die Dauer der Zeitverzögerung von der gemessenen Netzspannung abhängig ist, insbesondere die Dauer der Zeitverzögerung für eine geringere erste Netzspannung größer ist als für eine größere zweite Netzspannung. Beispielsweise wird die Zeitverzögerung um eine Sekunde verlängert, wenn die momentane Netzspannung um 10 % von der nominalen Netzspannung abweicht. Beispielsweise wird der Verdichter anstelle von einer Sekunde erst nach 2 Sekunden nach dem Öffnen des Ventils eingeschaltet, wenn eine Spannung von 207 V bei einem Netz mit nomi- nalen 230 V gemessen wird. Wird eine Spannung von 184 V gemessen, wird beispielsweise die Zeitverzögerung noch weiter verlängert und der Verdichter wird erst nach 3 Sekunden nach dem Öffnen des Ventils eingeschaltet.The delay circuit is advantageously set up so that the duration of the time delay depends on the measured mains voltage, in particular the duration of the time delay for a lower first mains voltage is greater than for a larger second mains voltage. For example, the time delay is extended by one second when the instantaneous mains voltage deviates by 10% from the nominal mains voltage. For example, instead of one second, the compressor will not be turned on until 2 seconds after opening the valve when a voltage of 207 V is applied to a grid with nominal nal 230 V is measured. If a voltage of 184 V is measured, for example, the time delay is further extended and the compressor is turned on only after 3 seconds after opening the valve.
Die Zeitverzögerung kann kontinuierlich von der momentanen Netzspannung abhängen, sie kann sich jedoch auch stufenweise erhöhen bzw. in Stufen davon abhängen.The time delay may depend continuously on the instantaneous mains voltage, but it may also increase in steps or depend on it in steps.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung umfasst das Kühlgerät weiterhin einen Temperatursensor zum Messen einer momentanen Umgebungstemperatur des Kühlgeräts. Auch kann das Kühlgerät weiterhin einen Sensor zum Messen einer momentanen Temperatur in oder an dem Verdampfer umfassen.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the cooling device further comprises a temperature sensor for measuring a current ambient temperature of the cooling device. Also, the refrigerator may further include a sensor for measuring a current temperature in or on the evaporator.
Es ist von Vorteil, wenn die Verzögerungsschaltung so eingerichtet ist, dass die Dauer der Zeitverzögerung von der gemessenen Temperatur abhängt, insbesondere die Dauer der Zeitverzögerung für eine höhere erste Temperatur größer ist als für eine niedrigere zweite Temperatur. Beispielsweise kann die Zeitverzögerung um eine Sekunde verlängert werden, wenn die Umgebungstemperatur über 30°C liegt. Liegt die Umgebungstemperatur über 35°C, kann die Zeitverzögerung um eine weitere Sekunde verlängert werden.It is advantageous if the delay circuit is set up such that the duration of the time delay depends on the measured temperature, in particular the duration of the time delay is greater for a higher first temperature than for a lower second temperature. For example, the time delay may be extended by one second when the ambient temperature is above 30 ° C. If the ambient temperature is above 35 ° C, the time delay can be extended by one more second.
Vorteilhafterweise sind mehrere Ventile für mehrere Verdampfer vorgesehen. Hier können insbesondere mehrere Kühlkreisläufe für mehrere Temperaturstufen eingesetzt werden. Das Kühlgerät weist insbesondere mehrere Kühlfächer auf, die jeweils mindestens einen Verdampfer aufweisen.Advantageously, several valves are provided for a plurality of evaporators. In particular, several cooling circuits for several temperature levels can be used here. The cooling device has in particular a plurality of cooling compartments, each having at least one evaporator.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kühlgeräts, insbesondere eines Kühlschranks, welches einen Verdichter und einen Verdampfer zum Verdichten und Verdampfen eines Kühlmittels aufweist, wobei der Verdichter und der Verdampfer fluidleitend zu einem Kühlmittelkreislauf zusammengeschlossen sind, so dass das Kühlmittel von einem Verdichterauslass am Verdichter zu einem Verdampfereinlass am Verdampfer und von einem Verdampferauslass am Verdampfer zu einem Verdichtereinlass am Verdichter strömen kann, umfasst folgende Verfahrensschritte: Der Kühlmittelkreislauf zwischen dem Verdichterauslass und dem Verdampfereinlass ist unterbrochen und der Verdichter ist ausgeschaltet, dann wird der Kühlmittelkreislauf zwischen dem Verdichterauslass und dem Verdichterein- lass geschlossen und anschließend wird der Verdichter mit einer Zeitverzögerung eingeschaltet.The inventive method for operating a cooling device, in particular a refrigerator, which has a compressor and an evaporator for compressing and evaporating a coolant, wherein the compressor and the evaporator fluidly connected to a coolant circuit, so that the coolant from a compressor outlet on the compressor to a The vaporizer inlet on the vaporizer and from an evaporator outlet on the vaporizer to a compressor inlet on the compressor can flow comprises the following process steps: The coolant circuit between the compressor outlet and the vaporizer inlet is interrupted and the compressor is switched off, then the coolant circuit between the compressor outlet and the compressor inlet Leave and then the compressor will be switched on with a time delay.
Durch das zeitverzögerte Einschalten des Verdichters wird der Druck, gegen den der Verdichter anarbeiten muss, reduziert, da sich der zwischen dem Verdichter und dem Ventil vor- liegende Druck durch das Ausströmen des Kühlmittels in den Verdampfer rein abbaut. Dieses erleichtert den Start des Verdichters, insbesondere seines Elektromotors während der Anlaufphase, in welcher der Motor (je nach Motortyp) nicht seine optimale Leistung bzw. sein maximales Drehmoment erbringt bzw. erbringen kann. Der erleichterte Startvorgang des Verdichters lässt auch zu, den Motor kleiner zu dimensionieren. Auch können hierdurch Probleme beim Starten des Verdichters unter ungünstigen Bedingungen wie z.B. bei einer hohen Umgebungstemperatur oder bei einer schwachen elektrischen Strom- /Spannungsbzw. Energieversorgung sichergestellt werden.The delayed switch-on of the compressor reduces the pressure against which the compressor must work, because the pressure between the compressor and the valve is released by the coolant flowing out into the evaporator. This facilitates the start of the compressor, in particular its electric motor during the start-up phase, in which the engine (depending on the engine type) does not provide its optimal performance or maximum torque and can provide. The easier starting process of the compressor also allows to make the engine smaller. Also, this can cause problems in starting the compressor under unfavorable conditions, e.g. at a high ambient temperature or at a low electrical current / voltage level. Energy supply can be ensured.
Durch das vorzeitige Öffnen des Ventils vor dem Anlaufen des Verdichters können Produkti- ons- und Betriebskosten eingespart sowie die Zuverlässigkeit des Betriebs des Kältegeräts verbessert werden.By premature opening of the valve before starting the compressor production and operating costs can be saved and the reliability of the operation of the refrigerator can be improved.
Vorteilhafterweise wird die am Kühlgerät anliegende momentane Netzspannung gemessen und die Dauer der Zeitverzögerung in Abhängigkeit der gemessenen Netzspannung gewählt, insbesondere die Dauer der Zeitverzögerung für eine geringere erste Netzspannung größer gewählt als für eine größere zweite Netzspannung. Hierbei sind folgende Zeitverzögerungen sinnvoll:Advantageously, the instantaneous mains voltage applied to the refrigerator is measured and the duration of the time delay is selected as a function of the measured mains voltage, in particular the duration of the time delay for a lower first mains voltage is greater than for a larger second mains voltage. Here are the following time delays useful:
In einer speziellen Ausgestaltung wird die Zeitverzögerung kontinuierlich oder stufenweise um mindestens 0,5 Sekunden, insbesondere mindestens 1 Sekunde, pro 10 % Abweichung der gemessenen Netzspannung unter die nominale Netzspannung vergrößert.In a specific embodiment, the time delay is increased continuously or stepwise by at least 0.5 seconds, in particular at least 1 second, per 10% deviation of the measured mains voltage below the nominal mains voltage.
Vorteilhafterweise wird die Umgebungstemperatur des Kühlgeräts und/oder eine Temperatur am oder im Verdampfer gemessen und die Dauer der Zeitverzögerung in Abhängigkeit von der gemessenen Temperatur gewählt, insbesondere die Dauer der Zeitverzögerung für eine höhere erste Temperatur größer gewählt wird als für eine niedrigere zweite Temperatur. In einer speziellen Ausgestaltung wird die Zeitverzögerung kontinuierlich oder stufenweise um mindestens 0,5 Sekunden, insbesondere mindestens 1 Sekunde pro 5°C Abweichung über 20°C vergrößert.Advantageously, the ambient temperature of the refrigerator and / or a temperature at or in the evaporator is measured and the duration of the time delay selected as a function of the measured temperature, in particular the duration of the time delay is selected to be greater for a higher first temperature than for a lower second temperature. In a specific embodiment, the time delay is increased continuously or stepwise by at least 0.5 seconds, in particular at least 1 second per 5 ° C deviation above 20 ° C.
Durch diese Maßnahme kann einerseits ein besonders hoher Wirkungsgrad des Kühlgeräts erreicht werden. Darüber hinaus kann durch die gewählte Zeitverzögerung der Verdichter in einem günstigen Betriebsbereich betrieben werden, in welchem er einen besonders hohen Wirkungsgrad hat, selbst wenn aufgrund einer schwachen momentanen Netzspannung zu dem Zeitpunkt nur eine geringere Leistungsaufnahme möglich ist.By this measure, on the one hand, a particularly high efficiency of the refrigerator can be achieved. In addition, can be operated by the selected time delay of the compressor in a favorable operating range in which he has a particularly high efficiency, even if due to a weak momentary mains voltage at the time only a lower power consumption is possible.
Weitere vorteilhafte Einzelheiten sowie Ausgestaltungen, die jeweils einzeln für sich oder beliebig miteinander kombiniert werden können, werden anhand der folgenden Zeichnung, welche die Erfindung nicht einschränken, sondern lediglich exemplarisch illustrieren soll, näher erläutert.Further advantageous details and embodiments, which can be individually combined with each other or any desired, are explained in more detail with reference to the following drawing, which does not limit the invention, but only by way of example illustrate.
Es zeigen schematisch:They show schematically:
Fig. 1 das erfindungsgemäße Kältegerät als Schaltungsschema; undFigure 1 shows the refrigerator according to the invention as a circuit diagram. and
Fig. 2 einen zeitlichen Verlauf, wie das erfindungsgemäße Kältegerät betrieben wird.Fig. 2 shows a time course as the refrigeration device according to the invention is operated.
Fig. 1 zeigt ein erfindungsgemäßes Kühlgerät 1 , welches als Kühlschrank ausgebildet ist und einen Verdichter 2 mit einem Verdichtereinlass 1 1 und mit einem Verdichterauslass 12 und einen Verdampfer 3 mit einem Verdampfereinlass 13 und mit einem Verdampferauslass 14 aufweist. Der Verdichter 2 und der Verdampfer 3 sind über Verbindungsleitungen 5 zu einem Kühlmittelkreislauf 7 zusammengeschlossen, wobei zwischen dem Verdichter 2 und dem Verdampfer 3 ein Ventil 4, ein Verflüssiger 15 und ein Strömungswiderstand 16 angeordnet sind. Mit Hilfe des Ventils 4 kann die Verbindungsleitung 5 zwischen dem Verdichterauslass 12 und dem Verdampfereinlass 13 abgesperrt werden.1 shows a refrigerator 1 according to the invention, which is designed as a refrigerator and has a compressor 2 with a compressor inlet 1 1 and with a compressor outlet 12 and an evaporator 3 with an evaporator inlet 13 and with an evaporator outlet 14. The compressor 2 and the evaporator 3 are connected via connecting lines 5 to a coolant circuit 7, wherein between the compressor 2 and the evaporator 3, a valve 4, a condenser 15 and a flow resistance 16 are arranged. With the aid of the valve 4, the connecting line 5 between the compressor outlet 12 and the evaporator inlet 13 can be shut off.
Ein in dem Kühlmittelkreislauf 7 zirkulierendes Kühlmittel wird durch den Verdichter 2 verdichtet, so dass die Temperatur des Kühlmittels erhöht wird. Anschließend wird die Wärme an die Umgebung abgegeben, wodurch sich das Kühlmittel aufgrund des durch den Strö- mungswiderstand 16 erzeugten hohen Druckes zwischen dem Strömungswiderstand 16 und dem Verdichter 2 verflüssigt. Der Strömungswiderstand ist als Drosselrohr ausgestaltet. In dem Verdampfer 4 wird das Kühlmittel entspannt, wodurch es sich abkühlt. Der Kälteinhalt des verdichteten Kühlmittels wird dann einem Kühlfach (nicht dargestellt) des Kühlgeräts 1 zur Verfügung gestellt. Das entspannte und im Verdampfer 3 aufgewärmte Kühlmittel wird anschließend wieder dem Verdichter 2 zugeführt.A refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit 7 is compressed by the compressor 2, so that the temperature of the refrigerant is increased. Then the heat is released to the environment, causing the coolant to mung resistance 16 generated high pressure between the flow resistance 16 and the compressor 2 liquefied. The flow resistance is designed as a throttle tube. In the evaporator 4, the coolant is expanded, whereby it cools. The refrigerated content of the compressed refrigerant is then provided to a refrigerating compartment (not shown) of the refrigerator 1. The relaxed and warmed up in the evaporator 3 coolant is then fed back to the compressor 2.
Das Ventil 4 und der Verdichter 2 wird von einer Kontrolleinheit gesteuert, welche mit einem ersten 10 und einem zweiten 17 Temperatursensor sowie einem Spannungssensor 9 in Verbindung steht. Das Ventil 4 dient dazu, eine Verschlechterung des Wirkungsgrads des Kühl- geräts 1 aufgrund einer Rückkondensation von Kühlmittel von dem ausgeschalteten, warmen Verdichter 2 in den noch kalten Verdampfer 3 zu vermeiden.The valve 4 and the compressor 2 is controlled by a control unit which is in communication with a first 10 and a second 17 temperature sensor and a voltage sensor 9. The valve 4 serves to avoid a deterioration of the efficiency of the refrigerator 1 due to a back-condensation of coolant from the switched-off, warm compressor 2 in the still cold evaporator 3.
Die Kontrolleinheit 6 weist eine Verzögerungseinheit 8 auf, mit der der Verdichter 2 erst mit einer Zeitverzögerung nach dem Öffnen des Ventils 4 eingeschaltet wird. Durch das vorzeiti- ge Öffnen des Ventils 4 vor dem Einschalten des Verdichters 2 kann sich das zwischen dem Verdichter 2 und dem Ventil 4 unter vergleichsweise hohem Druck gespeicherte Kühlmittel in den Verdampfer 3 entspannen, so dass der Verdichter 2 nicht gegen den hohen Druck, sondern nur gegen einen niedrigeren Druck anarbeiten muss.The control unit 6 has a delay unit 8, with which the compressor 2 is switched on only after a time delay after the opening of the valve 4. Due to the premature opening of the valve 4 before the compressor 2 is switched on, the coolant stored between the compressor 2 and the valve 4 under comparatively high pressure can relax into the evaporator 3, so that the compressor 2 does not act against the high pressure only work against a lower pressure.
Liegt die Umgebungstemperatur unter 20°, liegt die Temperatur am Verdampfer 3 unterhalb einer vorgegebenen Solltemperatur und ist die momentane am Kühlgerät 1 anliegende Netzspannung größer als 220 V, wird eine Verzögerung von 1 Sekunde gewählt, mit der der Verdichter 2 eingeschaltet wird, nachdem das Ventil 4 geöffnet wurde. Liegt die momentane Netzspannung bei 105 V, wird die Verzögerungszeit um 1 Sekunde vergrößert. Liegt die Umgebungstemperatur bei über 25°, wird die Verzögerungszeit um eine weitere Sekunde erhöht.If the ambient temperature is below 20 °, the temperature at the evaporator 3 is below a predetermined setpoint temperature and the instantaneous voltage applied to the cooling unit 1 mains voltage greater than 220 V, a delay of 1 second is selected at which the compressor 2 is turned on after the valve 4 was opened. If the instantaneous mains voltage is 105 V, the delay time is increased by 1 second. If the ambient temperature is above 25 °, the delay time is increased by another second.
Durch die Verlängerung der Verzögerungszeit kann ein zuverlässiger Betrieb des Kühlgeräts 1 auch unter kritischen Bedingungen wie z.B. bei hohen Umgebungstemperaturen sowie bei geringen momentanen Netzspannungen auch während der kritischen Phase des Anlaufens des Verdichters sichergestellt werden. Darüber hinaus kann der Elektromotor (nicht gezeigt) im Verdampfer kleiner, preiswerter und energiesparender dimensioniert werden. In Fig. 2 ist der Schaltzustand des Ventils 4 (durchgezogene Linie) bzw. des Verdichters 2 (gestrichelte Linie) gegenüber der Zeit gezeigt. Man erkennt das um die Zeitzögerung T=t2-t-ι zeitversetzte Einschalten des Verdichters 2 nach dem Öffnen des Ventils 4.By extending the delay time reliable operation of the refrigerator 1 can be ensured even under critical conditions such as high ambient temperatures and low current system voltages even during the critical phase of compressor start-up. In addition, the electric motor (not shown) in the evaporator be sized smaller, cheaper and more energy-efficient. In Fig. 2, the switching state of the valve 4 (solid line) and the compressor 2 (dashed line) is shown with respect to the time. It can be seen that the time delay T = t 2 -t-ι delayed switching on the compressor 2 after opening the valve. 4
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kühlgerät 1 , insbesondere einen Kühlschrank, umfassend einen Verdichter 2 mit einem Verdichtereinlass 11 und einem Verdichterauslass 12, einen Verdampfer 3 mit einem Verdampfereinlass 13 und einem Verdampferauslass 14, mindestens ein Ventil 4, Verbindungsleitungen 5 und eine Kontrolleinheit 6, wobei der Verdichter 2 und der Verdampfer 3 durch die Verbindungsleitungen 5 fluidleitend zu einem Kühlmittelkreislauf 7 zusammengeschlossen sind und das Ventil 4 in dem Kühlmittelkreislauf 7 zwischen dem Verdichterauslass 12 und dem Verdampfereinlass 13 angeordnet ist, und wobei der Verdichter 2 und das Ventil 4 von der Kontrolleinheit 6 angesteuert werden, wobei die Kontrolleinheit 6 eine Verzögerungseinheit 8 aufweist, die bewirkt, dass der Verdichter 2 erst nach dem Öffnen des Ventils 4 mit einer Zeitverzögerung eingeschaltet wird; sowie ein entsprechendes Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kühlgeräts 1.The invention relates to a cooling device 1, in particular a refrigerator, comprising a compressor 2 with a compressor inlet 11 and a compressor outlet 12, an evaporator 3 with an evaporator inlet 13 and an evaporator outlet 14, at least one valve 4, connecting lines 5 and a control unit 6, wherein the Compressor 2 and the evaporator 3 are connected fluidically through the connecting lines 5 to a coolant circuit 7 and the valve 4 is arranged in the coolant circuit 7 between the compressor outlet 12 and the evaporator inlet 13, and wherein the compressor 2 and the valve 4 is controlled by the control unit 6 be, wherein the control unit 6 has a delay unit 8, which causes the compressor 2 is turned on only after the opening of the valve 4 with a time delay; and a corresponding method for operating a cooling device 1.
Die Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass ein zuverlässiger Betrieb des Kühlgeräts 1 auch während der Anlaufphase des Verdichters 2 sichergestellt wird, wobei ein hoher Wirkungsgrad und eine gute Energieausnutzung erzielt wird. The invention is characterized in that a reliable operation of the cooling device 1 is ensured even during the start-up phase of the compressor 2, wherein a high efficiency and good energy utilization is achieved.
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Kuhlgerat1 cooler
2 Verdichter2 compressors
3 Verdampfer3 evaporators
4 Ventil4 valve
5 Verbindungsleitungen5 connecting lines
6 Kontrolleinheit6 control unit
7 Kühlmittelkreislauf7 coolant circuit
8 Verzögerungseinheit8 delay unit
9 Spannungssensor9 voltage sensor
10 erster Temperatursensor10 first temperature sensor
1 1 Verdichtereinlass1 1 compressor inlet
12 Verdichterauslass12 compressor outlet
13 Verdampfereinlass13 evaporator inlet
14 Verdampferauslass14 evaporator outlet
15 Verflüssiger15 liquefier
16 Strömungswiderstand16 flow resistance
17 zweiter Temperatursensor 17 second temperature sensor

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Kühlgerät (1 ), insbesondere Kühlschrank, umfassend einen Verdichter (2) mit einem Verdichtereinlass (11 ) und einem Verdichterauslass (12), einen Verdampfer (3) mit einem Verdampfereinlass (13) und einem Verdampferauslass (14), mindestens ein Ventil (4), Verbindungsleitungen (5), und eine Kontrolleinheit (6), wobei der Verdichter (2) und der Verdampfer (3) durch die Verbindungsleitungen (5) fluidleitend zu einem Kühlmittelkreislauf (7) zusammen geschlossen sind und das Ventil (4) in dem Kühlmittelkreislauf (7) zwischen dem Verdichterauslass (12) und dem Verdampfereinlass (13) angeordnet ist, und wobei der Verdichter (2) und das Ventil (4) von der Kontrolleinheit (6) angesteuert werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kontrolleinheit (6) eine Verzögerungseinheit (8) aufweist, die bewirkt, dass der Verdichter (2) erst nach dem Öffnen des Ventils (4) mit einer Zeitverzögerung eingeschaltet wird.A refrigerator (1), in particular a refrigerator, comprising a compressor (2) with a compressor inlet (11) and a compressor outlet (12), an evaporator (3) with an evaporator inlet (13) and an evaporator outlet (14), at least one valve (4), connecting lines (5), and a control unit (6), wherein the compressor (2) and the evaporator (3) through the connecting lines (5) fluidly connected to a coolant circuit (7) together and the valve (4) in the coolant circuit (7) between the compressor outlet (12) and the evaporator inlet (13) is arranged, and wherein the compressor (2) and the valve (4) are controlled by the control unit (6), characterized in that the control unit ( 6) has a delay unit (8), which causes the compressor (2) is switched on only after the opening of the valve (4) with a time delay.
2. Kühlgerät (1 ) nach Anspruch 1 , weiterhin umfassend einen Spannungssensor (9) zum Messen einer momentanen Netzspannung, die an dem Kühlgerät (1 ) anliegt.2. Cooling device (1) according to claim 1, further comprising a voltage sensor (9) for measuring a current line voltage, which is applied to the cooling device (1).
3. Kühlgerät (1 ) nach Anspruch 2, wobei die Verzögerungsschaltung so eingerichtet ist, dass die Dauer der Zeitverzögerung von der gemessenen Netzspannung abhängig ist, insbesondere die Dauer der Zeitverzögerung für eine geringere erste Netzspannung größer ist als für eine größere zweite Netzspannung.3. Cooling device (1) according to claim 2, wherein the delay circuit is set up so that the duration of the time delay depends on the measured mains voltage, in particular the duration of the time delay for a lower first mains voltage is greater than for a larger second mains voltage.
4. Kühlgerät (1 ) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, weiterhin umfassend einen Temperatursensor (10) zum Messen einer momentanen Umgebungstemperatur des Kühlgeräts (1 ).4. Cooling device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a temperature sensor (10) for measuring a current ambient temperature of the cooling device (1).
5. Kühlgerät (1 ) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, weiterhin umfassend einen Temperatursensor (10) zum Messen einer momentanen Temperatur in oder an dem Verdampfer (3). 5. Cooling device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a temperature sensor (10) for measuring a current temperature in or on the evaporator (3).
6. Kühlgerät (1 ) nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, wobei die Verzögerungsschaltung so eingerichtet ist, dass die Dauer der Zeitverzögerung von der gemessenen Temperatur abhängt, insbesondere die Dauer der Zeitverzögerung für eine höhere erste Temperatur größer ist als für eine niedrigere zweite Temperatur.6. Cooling device (1) according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the delay circuit is arranged so that the duration of the time delay depends on the measured temperature, in particular the duration of the time delay for a higher first temperature is greater than for a lower second temperature.
7. Kühlgerät (1 ) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mehrere Ventile (4) für mehrere Verdampfer (3) vorgesehen sind.7. Refrigerator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of valves (4) for a plurality of evaporators (3) are provided.
8. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kühlgeräts (1 ), insbesondere Kühlschrank, welches einen Verdichter (2) und einen Verdampfer (3) zum Verdichten bzw. Verdampfen eines Kühlmittels aufweist, wobei der Verdichter (2) und der Verdampfer (3) fluidleitend zu einem Kühlmittelkreislauf (7) zusammengeschlossen sind, so dass das Kühlmittel von einem Verdichterauslass (12) am Verdichter (2) zu einem Verdampfereinlass (13) am Verdampfer (3) und von einem Verdampferauslass (14) am Verdampfer (3) zu einem Verdichtereinlass (1 1 ) am Verdichter (2) strömen kann, wobei das Verfahren folgende Schritte aufweist: der Kühlmittelkreislauf (7) zwischen dem Verdichterauslass (12) und dem Verdampfereinlass (13) ist unterbrochen und der Verdichter (2) ist ausgeschaltet, dann wird der Kühlmittelkreislauf (7) zwischen dem Verdichterauslass (12) und dem Verdampfereinlass (13) geschlossen, und anschließend wird der Verdichter (2) mit einer Zeitverzögerung eingeschaltet.8. A method for operating a cooling device (1), in particular refrigerator, which has a compressor (2) and an evaporator (3) for compressing a refrigerant, wherein the compressor (2) and the evaporator (3) fluidly to a Coolant circuit (7) are interconnected so that the coolant from a compressor outlet (12) on the compressor (2) to an evaporator inlet (13) on the evaporator (3) and from an evaporator outlet (14) on the evaporator (3) to a compressor inlet (1 1) on the compressor (2), the method comprising the steps of: the coolant circuit (7) between the compressor outlet (12) and the evaporator inlet (13) is interrupted and the compressor (2) is off, then the coolant circuit ( 7) between the compressor outlet (12) and the evaporator inlet (13) is closed, and then the compressor (2) is turned on with a time delay.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die am Kühlgerät (1 ) anliegende momentane Netzspannung gemessen und die Dauer der Zeitverzögerung in Abhängigkeit der gemessenen Netzspannung gewählt wird, insbesondere die Dauer der Zeitverzögerung für eine geringere erste Netzspannung größer gewählt wird als für eine größere zweite Netzspannung.9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the cooling device (1) applied instantaneous mains voltage measured and the duration of the time delay is selected in dependence on the measured mains voltage, in particular the duration of the time delay is selected to be greater for a lower first mains voltage than for a larger second mains voltage.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umgebungstemperatur des Kühlgeräts (1 ) und/oder eine Temperatur am oder im Verdampfer (3) gemessen wird und die Dauer der Zeitverzögerung in Abhängigkeit von der gemesse- nen Temperatur gewählt wird, insbesondere die Dauer der Zeitverzögerung für eine höhere erste Temperatur größer gewählt wird als für eine niedrigere zweite Temperatur. 10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the ambient temperature of the refrigerator (1) and / or a temperature at or in the evaporator (3) is measured and the duration of the time delay is selected in dependence on the measured nen temperature, in particular, the duration of the time delay for a higher first temperature is selected to be greater than for a lower second temperature.
EP06819110A 2005-11-30 2006-10-20 Method for operating a refrigerator, and a refrigerator in which the compressor is switched on with a time delay Active EP1957894B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10163230.5A EP2211128B1 (en) 2005-11-30 2006-10-20 Method for operating a refrigerator and a refrigerator

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005057149A DE102005057149A1 (en) 2005-11-30 2005-11-30 Method for operating a refrigerator and refrigerator with a delayed switch on the compressor
PCT/EP2006/067623 WO2007062920A1 (en) 2005-11-30 2006-10-20 Method for operating a refrigerator, and a refrigerator in which the compressor is switched on with a time delay

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10163230.5A Division EP2211128B1 (en) 2005-11-30 2006-10-20 Method for operating a refrigerator and a refrigerator
EP10163230.5 Division-Into 2010-05-19

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EP1957894A1 true EP1957894A1 (en) 2008-08-20
EP1957894B1 EP1957894B1 (en) 2010-08-11

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EP10163230.5A Active EP2211128B1 (en) 2005-11-30 2006-10-20 Method for operating a refrigerator and a refrigerator
EP06819110A Active EP1957894B1 (en) 2005-11-30 2006-10-20 Method for operating a refrigerator, and a refrigerator in which the compressor is switched on with a time delay

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US (1) US20090038323A1 (en)
EP (2) EP2211128B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101317050A (en)
AT (1) ATE477459T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102005057149A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2348929T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2432532C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2007062920A1 (en)

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WO2015086058A1 (en) * 2013-12-11 2015-06-18 Electrolux Appliances Aktiebolag Refrigerator apparatus and method for control thereof
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2348929T3 (en) 2010-12-17
US20090038323A1 (en) 2009-02-12
EP2211128B1 (en) 2014-12-10
WO2007062920A1 (en) 2007-06-07
CN101317050A (en) 2008-12-03
RU2432532C2 (en) 2011-10-27
EP1957894B1 (en) 2010-08-11
ATE477459T1 (en) 2010-08-15
RU2008120511A (en) 2010-01-10
EP2211128A1 (en) 2010-07-28
DE502006007660D1 (en) 2010-09-23
DE102005057149A1 (en) 2007-06-06

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