EP1955470B1 - Synchronized receiver - Google Patents
Synchronized receiver Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1955470B1 EP1955470B1 EP06821526.8A EP06821526A EP1955470B1 EP 1955470 B1 EP1955470 B1 EP 1955470B1 EP 06821526 A EP06821526 A EP 06821526A EP 1955470 B1 EP1955470 B1 EP 1955470B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- data
- station
- clock signal
- receiving station
- command
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 230000006854 communication Effects 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007175 bidirectional communication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002059 diagnostic imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L7/00—Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L7/00—Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
- H04L7/0008—Synchronisation information channels, e.g. clock distribution lines
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
- G06F13/42—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L7/00—Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
- H04L7/0079—Receiver details
- H04L7/0083—Receiver details taking measures against momentary loss of synchronisation, e.g. inhibiting the synchronisation, using idle words or using redundant clocks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L7/00—Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
- H04L7/0091—Transmitter details
Definitions
- the invention relates to a communications system, a transmitting station for use in the system, a receiving station for use in the system, and a method of operating the communications system.
- a conventional communications system is known from International application WO 02/51081 .
- a problem of the conventional system is that no clock signal is available at the receiving station once all data is transmitted from the transmitting station to the receiving station.
- EP 0 841 766 A1 describes a method to realize synchronization of data sent from a transmitter to a receiver, wherein in the receiver a trigger signal is generated and sent to the transmitter and wherein upon receive of the trigger signals by the transmitter, said transmitter sends data to the receiver, which data are idle data in the case of the event that no data is available.
- MIPI Mobile Industry Processor Interface
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a communications system 100 according to the invention.
- the communication system comprises a first station 110, a second station 120, and a communications bus 130 coupling the first station 110 to the second station 120.
- the first station 110 is a transmitting station, and comprises a clock circuit 111, a data generating circuit 112 and a transmitter circuit 113.
- the clock circuit 111 generates and supplies a clock signal to the data generating circuit 112 and the transmitter circuit 113.
- the data generating circuit 112 supplies payload data to the transmitter circuit 113.
- the transmitter circuit 113 is coupled to two signal lines 131, 132 of the communication bus 130.
- the second station 120 which is a receiving station in this embodiment, comprises a receiver circuit 121 coupled to the two signal lines 130, 131, and a data processing circuit 122.
- communications bus 130 is shown as having two signal lines 131, 132, it will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that communications buses having more than two signal lines may be used in accordance with the invention.
- the transmitting station 110 and the receiving station 120 are separate integrated circuits connected by the signal lines that form the bus 130.
- the first station 110 and the second station 120 could also be implemented as different sub-circuit arrangements of a single integrated circuit, with the bus 130 comprising conductive tracks on the integrated circuit.
- the first station 110 may be arranged for receiving data from the second station 120 and the second station 120 may be arranged for transmitting data to the first station 110 to facilitate bidirectional communication between the first and second stations.
- the first station 110 may comprise a respective receiver circuit and a respective data processing circuit
- the second station 120 may comprise a respective clock circuit, a respective data generating circuit and a respective transmitter circuit.
- the data generating circuit 112 in the first station 110 can generate payload data words or process payload data words received from another source. These payload data words may comprise, for example, audio or video image data or the results of computations.
- the first station 110 transmits the data words via the communications bus 130 to the second station 120.
- the second station 120 receives the data words and processes them, for example to display or store video information, to generate audio signals or to perform computations on the data words.
- the data generating circuit 112 in the first station 110 can generate control or command data that are transmitted to the second station 120 via the communications bus 130, and which can allow the first station 110 to control the operation of the second station 120, once the control or command data has been processed by the data processing circuit 122.
- a command when a command is to be transmitted to the second station 120, the command is preceded by a particular signal known as a request for escape mode.
- This request indicates to the second station 120 that the following transmission from the first station 110 will be command data.
- the request for escape mode will be described later.
- the transmitter circuit 113 receives the clock signal from the clock circuit 111 and information from the data generating circuit 112, and encodes the information and the clock signal into first and second signals for transmission via the first signal line 131 and the second signal line 132 of the communications bus 130 respectively.
- the transmitter circuit 113 can generate the control data or command data and insert them in the appropriate places in the information to be transmitted to the second station 120.
- the transmitter circuit 113 receives the clock signal from the clock circuit 111 and payload data words from the data generating circuit 112, and encodes the payload data or commands with the clock signal to form first and second signals for transmission via the first signal line 131 and the second signal line 132 of the communications bus 130 respectively.
- the receiver circuit 121 receives the two signals from the first and second signal lines 131, 132 and decodes the information and the clock signal.
- the decoded clock signal is then used to clock the data processing circuit 122, which also receives the decoded information (which may be payload data or command data), and processes the decoded information.
- the communications system 100 is arranged for serialized data communication, which means that bits or data signals are provided consecutively across the communications bus 130.
- payload data words or command data consisting of groups of bits are transmitted via communications bus 130 one bit after another.
- Individual payload data words may be grouped into data packets.
- the transmission of data is self-clocking.
- transmitted signals are encoded in a way that the data (from a payload data word or command word) and clock for each bit can be derived in the receiving station 120 after decoding.
- This derivation is possible without receiving an explicit and separate clock signal.
- PLL phase-locked loop
- the communications system 100 can operate asynchronously.
- Figure 2 shows an example of transmissions between the first station 110 and the second station 120 of the communications system 100 in accordance with the One-Spaced-Hot encoding scheme used in the MIPI protocol.
- the first encoded data signal transmitted over data line 131 is referred to as Dp and the second encoded data signal transmitted over data line 132 is referred to as Dn.
- the third signal shown in Figure 2 , CLK refers to the clock signal recovered in the second station 120 from the two signals Dp and Dn.
- the clock signal CLK is generated by performing an exclusive-or (EXOR) operation on the first and second encoded signals.
- EXOR exclusive-or
- the clock signal in this example has two phases. As can be seen, each of the data lines carries a bit pair during each clock cycle.
- the data bits i.e. either a '0' bit denoted Mark-0 or a '1' bit, denoted Mark-1) are derived from the signals on both signal lines during the first phase of each clock cycle.
- the signal on line Dp in the first phase of the clock period is low, and the corresponding signal on line Dn is high.
- the signal on line Dp in the first phase of the clock period is high, and the corresponding signal on line Dn is low. This can be seen in Figure 2 .
- a clock signal having more than two phases is also possible.
- the signals on each line are selected so that for each bit there is one and only one transition on the signal lines.
- Another way to avoid the problem is to reserve certain data bytes or words for use as data to be ignored or for commands.
- This leads to problems for applications that need to send arbitrary data values.
- Reduction of the available data set can be avoided, for example, by a rule that specifies if a reserved word is to represent data then it is sent twice.
- this additional copy of the reserved word indicates that the preceding data byte or word is to be processed by the receiving station as proper data, and is not data to be ignored or a command/control word.
- this may lead to an additional overhead of a factor of two.
- it causes a non-constant bit-rate encoding.
- each of these solutions has the further disadvantage that there is a significant increase in design complexity in order to achieve an otherwise relatively simple and basic object - the provision of a clock signal in the receiving station after data transmission has been completed, or at a point where there is no payload data or command data to be transmitted.
- Figure 3 illustrates this problem in a system that uses the One-Spaced-Hot encoding of the MIPI protocol.
- a request for escape mode is sent to the receiving station 120, followed by a command.
- the command data is a low-power data transmission (LPDT) command, which indicates to the second station 120 that the bits following the command are data bits to be processed. Then, a first payload data byte is transmitted.
- LPDT low-power data transmission
- a command without data or other control function is used to maintain a clock signal for a number of cycles after completion of the data transmission (or at a point where there is no data or command to be transmitted) from the first (transmitting) station 110 to the second (receiving) station 120.
- This dedicated command is designated a NOP (No OPeration) command herein.
- NOP command can follow the transmission of payload data or other command data.
- the data processing circuit 122 On reception and decoding of the clock signal encoded with the NOP command by the second station 120, the data processing circuit 122 will then ignore the NOP command. Alternatively, on reception and decoding of the clock signal encoded in the NOP command, the receiver circuit 121 does not pass any information to the data processing circuit 122, other than the decoded clock signal.
- the effect is that further clock cycles can be generated by the receiving station 120, which thereby allows the receiving station 120 to continue the processing of payload data received earlier by the data processing circuit 122 or to allow the data processing circuit 122 to initiate actions or generate output signals in response to the payload data.
- the bits on the data lines 131, 132 representing the NOP command are combined using an EXOR operation, a clock signal as shown in Figures 2 and 3 is recovered.
- a STOP state is defined, which indicates to the receiving station 120 that a transmission has ended, or that there is no payload data or command data to be transmitted at that point.
- the STOP state is indicated where both signals, Dp and Dn are high (11). This is a quiescent state. This state is avoided during actual data communication between the first and second stations 110, 120, which means that the other remaining states are used for communication.
- the first station 110 sends MK0s for a zero-bit (which occurs when the signal lines Dp and Dn are simultaneously in the states 0 and 1 respectively), or MK1 s for a one-bit (which occurs when the signal lines Dp and Dn are simultaneously in the states 1 and 0 respectively) as required, interspersed by spaces (SPC) which occur when both of the signal lines are in the 0 state.
- MK0s for a zero-bit
- MK1 s for a one-bit (which occurs when the signal lines Dp and Dn are simultaneously in the states 1 and 0 respectively) as required, interspersed by spaces (SPC) which occur when both of the signal lines are in the 0 state.
- SPC spaces
- the transmission of a single word comprises (data bit) - (space) - (data bit) - (space) - (data bit) - (space) - (data bit) - (space) - (data bit) - (space) - (data bit) - (space) - (data bit) - (space) - (data bit) - (space) - (data bit) - (space) - (data bit) - (space) - (data bit) - (space).
- the SPC ensures that the STOP state will not be present on the signal lines, even during transition periods.
- the signals Dp and Dn are generated in such a way that if logically combined using an EXOR gate, the output of the EXOR gate will toggle twice (once low-to-high and once high-to-low) for each bit and space transmitted. This provides a two-phase clock signal as shown in Figures 2 and 3 .
- Figure 4 is a signaling diagram illustrating the operation of this protocol in accordance with the invention.
- the first station 110 is initially in a STOP state (201) and second station 120 is also in a STOP state (202).
- a Request for an escape mode (203) is sent to the second station 120.
- This request is a particular sequence of bits, which is followed by an entry command code that indicates to the second station 120 the requested action.
- entry commands are eight-bit words that are selected so as to obtain maximum robustness and reliability against error mechanisms.
- the command word is a low-power data transmission (LPDT) command (205), which indicates to the second station 120 that the bits following the command are payload data bits to be processed. Payload data words are then transmitted to the second station 120 (signal line 207).
- the STOP state (209) is transmitted to the second station 120. As discussed above with reference to Figures 2 and 3 , the STOP state occurs when the signals on the first and second signal lines 131, 132 are high simultaneously in a particular phase of a clock cycle.
- the receiving station 120 may require additional clock cycles in order to complete the tasks associated with the previously received payload data words. Therefore, a Request for escape mode (211) is sent from the first station 110 to the second station 120. The first station 110 then transmits at least one NOP command (213) to the second station 120. If a plurality of NOP commands are transmitted to the second station 120, the NOP commands are concatenated, which means that a Request for Escape Mode is not required prior to each NOP command. As described above, the second station 120 receives the NOP command and decodes the clock signal from the bits used to transmit the command.
- the number of NOP commands transmitted to the second station 120 depends on the number of additional clock cycles required by the second station 120 in order to complete the processing of the previously received payload data words.
- a STOP signal (215) is transmitted to the second station 120. Then both the first station 110 and second station 120 enter respective STOP states 217,218.
- command words are 1 byte long (i.e. 8 bits), which means that each NOP command will provide the receiving station 120 with eight additional clock cycles. Therefore, taking into account the overhead involved in starting and stopping data transmissions (i.e. the Request for Escape Mode, etc) the number of additional clock cycles will be equal to 8*N+3, where N is the number of NOP commands sent to the second station 120.
- the length of the command words and the overhead required to start and stop data transmissions may be different, which means that the number of additional clock cycles will be given by A*N+B, where A is the number of bits in the command words and B is the overhead required to start and stop a transmission.
- the data generating circuit 112 may be arranged to generate only the actual payload data words to be transmitted, while the transmitter circuit 113 is arranged to add the required NOP command or commands. Alternatively the data generating circuit 112 can also generate the NOP commands succeeding the payload data words.
- a command other than the NOP command can be repeated and transmitted to the receiving station 120 by the transmitting station 110 in order for the receiving station 120 to be able to be able to generate a clock signal.
- a RESET command is defined.
- the receiving station 120 After receiving a RESET command, the receiving station 120 will not be expecting any further data, or repetition of the RESET command. Therefore, in accordance with the invention, commands can be repeated when they would otherwise not be expected to be repeated, or commands that do not indicate to the receiving station 120 that payload data is to be transmitted (i.e. commands other than the LPDT command) can be followed by discardable payload data. In either case, the receiving station 120 uses the additional signals over the bus 130 to generate a clock signal.
- the communications system may have alternative modes of operation.
- the communications system may utilize a mechanism to start and stop transmission in order to enable burst-wise transmission of data in data packets. This may be done both with in-band signals (representing exception states or codes) or separate signals.
- Such asynchronous transmission may be indicated by an entry code at the beginning of the burst.
- one or more of the entry codes may be defined or considered as a NOP (No Operation) code, which means that the data processing circuit 122 may ignore it.
- NOP No Operation
- the mode as illustrated in the example of Figure 4 may be entered by sending a certain sequence of bits in one of the other modes to enter the correct starting condition to transport the bits over the communications bus.130.
- bits may be grouped into bytes of eight successive bits that indicate commands, instructions, or payload data to be processed by the second station 120.
- Command, instruction, or payload data words of other lengths are also possible.
- the number of commands or valid payload data words may be limited to a subset of the potentially possible number of words.
- the instruction set could be limited to 8 out of the 256 possible codes, whereby the 8 codes used are chosen in such a way that the bit distance between them is as large as possible to increase the possibilities for error detection or correction.
- the communications system may comprise additional data lines for transmitting data.
- the communications system may also facilitate other modes of communication in which data is sent over the communications bus utilizing a different protocol and at other, for instance higher, data rates.
- the system may incorporate additional clock lines between the first and second stations. These other modes may also utilize additional data lines between the first and second station.
- the second station may comprise a clock generation or regeneration circuit to facilitate communication in these other modes.
- the self-clocking mode may be a low-power data communications mode in which only the data lines 131, 132 are used, and all other data lines or clock lines are not used, while the clock generation or regeneration circuit in the receiving station 120 is disabled.
- a computer program may be stored/distributed on a suitable medium, such as an optical storage medium or a solid-state medium supplied together with or as part of other hardware, but may also be distributed in other forms, such as via the Internet or other wired or wireless telecommunication systems. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Synchronisation In Digital Transmission Systems (AREA)
- Communication Control (AREA)
- Dc Digital Transmission (AREA)
Description
- The invention relates to a communications system, a transmitting station for use in the system, a receiving station for use in the system, and a method of operating the communications system.
- A conventional communications system is known from International application
WO 02/51081 - Aloisio A., et al.: "Serial and parallel optical link architectures for DAQ systems" 2002 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record./2002 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference; Norfolk, VA, Nov. 10 - 16, 2002, IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, New York, NY: IEEE, US, vol. 3, 10 November 2002, pages 207 - 211, ISBN:0-7803-7636-6 depicts the operation of a communication system comprising a transmitter and a receiver, wherein the transmitter encodes a payload in a symbol. When no data or controls are sent across the link, the transmitter automatically inserts idle symbols in order to keep the channel synchronized.
-
EP 0 841 766 A1 -
US 2003/0148801A1 describes in the field of use that in conventional serial communications at high speeds, the serial data transmitters have to transmit data at all times, even if it is only fill data so that the receiver can recover the transmit clock from the transmit data. - It is an object of the invention to provide a communication system, a transmitting station for use in the system, a receiving station for use in the system, and a method that facilitates the generation of a clock signal at the receiving station after completion of the transmission of data, or at any other time when there is no requirement to send data or control messages to the receiving station.
- These objects are achieved by the present invention as defined in
claims 1 and 6. - The invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
-
Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a communication system according to the invention; -
Figure 2 shows an example of an escape mode transmission between the first station and the second station of the communications system according to the MIPI protocol; -
Figure 3 shows an example of a data transmission between the first station and second station of the communications system according to the MIPI protocol; and -
Figure 4 is a signaling diagram illustrating the operation of the system in accordance with the invention. - In the following, the invention will be described for the most part with reference to a communications system operating according to the Mobile Industry Processor Interface (MIPI) Alliance D-PHY physical layer specification. However, it will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the invention is applicable to communications systems operating according to protocols defined in other specifications.
-
Figure 1 shows an embodiment of acommunications system 100 according to the invention. The communication system comprises afirst station 110, asecond station 120, and acommunications bus 130 coupling thefirst station 110 to thesecond station 120. In this embodiment, thefirst station 110 is a transmitting station, and comprises aclock circuit 111, adata generating circuit 112 and atransmitter circuit 113. Theclock circuit 111 generates and supplies a clock signal to thedata generating circuit 112 and thetransmitter circuit 113. Thedata generating circuit 112 supplies payload data to thetransmitter circuit 113. Thetransmitter circuit 113 is coupled to twosignal lines communication bus 130. Thesecond station 120, which is a receiving station in this embodiment, comprises areceiver circuit 121 coupled to the twosignal lines data processing circuit 122. - Although the
communications bus 130 is shown as having twosignal lines - Typically, the
transmitting station 110 and thereceiving station 120 are separate integrated circuits connected by the signal lines that form thebus 130. However thefirst station 110 and thesecond station 120 could also be implemented as different sub-circuit arrangements of a single integrated circuit, with thebus 130 comprising conductive tracks on the integrated circuit. - In addition (although not illustrated), the
first station 110 may be arranged for receiving data from thesecond station 120 and thesecond station 120 may be arranged for transmitting data to thefirst station 110 to facilitate bidirectional communication between the first and second stations. To this end, thefirst station 110 may comprise a respective receiver circuit and a respective data processing circuit, while thesecond station 120 may comprise a respective clock circuit, a respective data generating circuit and a respective transmitter circuit. - In operation, the
data generating circuit 112 in thefirst station 110 can generate payload data words or process payload data words received from another source. These payload data words may comprise, for example, audio or video image data or the results of computations. Thefirst station 110 transmits the data words via thecommunications bus 130 to thesecond station 120. Thesecond station 120 receives the data words and processes them, for example to display or store video information, to generate audio signals or to perform computations on the data words. - In addition to generating or processing data words, the
data generating circuit 112 in thefirst station 110 can generate control or command data that are transmitted to thesecond station 120 via thecommunications bus 130, and which can allow thefirst station 110 to control the operation of thesecond station 120, once the control or command data has been processed by thedata processing circuit 122. - Under the MIPI protocol, when a command is to be transmitted to the
second station 120, the command is preceded by a particular signal known as a request for escape mode. This request indicates to thesecond station 120 that the following transmission from thefirst station 110 will be command data. The request for escape mode will be described later. - In both situations (i.e. when payload data or command data is transmitted), the
transmitter circuit 113 receives the clock signal from theclock circuit 111 and information from thedata generating circuit 112, and encodes the information and the clock signal into first and second signals for transmission via thefirst signal line 131 and thesecond signal line 132 of thecommunications bus 130 respectively. - In an alternative embodiment, the
transmitter circuit 113 can generate the control data or command data and insert them in the appropriate places in the information to be transmitted to thesecond station 120. Again, thetransmitter circuit 113 receives the clock signal from theclock circuit 111 and payload data words from thedata generating circuit 112, and encodes the payload data or commands with the clock signal to form first and second signals for transmission via thefirst signal line 131 and thesecond signal line 132 of thecommunications bus 130 respectively. - The
receiver circuit 121 receives the two signals from the first andsecond signal lines data processing circuit 122, which also receives the decoded information (which may be payload data or command data), and processes the decoded information. - The
communications system 100 is arranged for serialized data communication, which means that bits or data signals are provided consecutively across thecommunications bus 130. Thus payload data words or command data consisting of groups of bits are transmitted viacommunications bus 130 one bit after another. Individual payload data words may be grouped into data packets. - Thus, as described above, the transmission of data is self-clocking. This means that transmitted signals are encoded in a way that the data (from a payload data word or command word) and clock for each bit can be derived in the
receiving station 120 after decoding. This derivation is possible without receiving an explicit and separate clock signal. This means that it is not necessary to generate or regenerate a clock signal in thesecond station 120 by, for instance, an oscillator or a phase-locked loop (PLL). Thus, thecommunications system 100 can operate asynchronously. -
Figure 2 shows an example of transmissions between thefirst station 110 and thesecond station 120 of thecommunications system 100 in accordance with the One-Spaced-Hot encoding scheme used in the MIPI protocol. In this example, the first encoded data signal transmitted overdata line 131 is referred to as Dp and the second encoded data signal transmitted overdata line 132 is referred to as Dn. The third signal shown inFigure 2 , CLK, refers to the clock signal recovered in thesecond station 120 from the two signals Dp and Dn. The clock signal CLK is generated by performing an exclusive-or (EXOR) operation on the first and second encoded signals. - The clock signal in this example has two phases. As can be seen, each of the data lines carries a bit pair during each clock cycle. The data bits (i.e. either a '0' bit denoted Mark-0 or a '1' bit, denoted Mark-1) are derived from the signals on both signal lines during the first phase of each clock cycle. Thus, to transmit a '0' bit, the signal on line Dp in the first phase of the clock period is low, and the corresponding signal on line Dn is high. To transmit a `1' bit, the signal on line Dp in the first phase of the clock period is high, and the corresponding signal on line Dn is low. This can be seen in
Figure 2 . - It will be appreciated that in order to generate the clock signal from the lines Dp and Dn, there must be two transitions on the lines Dp and Dn in each clock cycle.
- Furthermore, as there is a STOP state defined in the MIPI protocol, which occurs when the signals on both signal lines Dp and Dn are high (11), and which indicates to the receiving
station 120 that a transmission has ended or that there is no payload data or command data to be transmitted at that point, it is necessary to include a SPACE (SPC) between each data bit transmitted to the receivingstation 120. This SPACE occurs when the signals on both signal lines are low (00), and can be seen in the second phase of each clock period inFigure 2 . Thus, as there are two transitions on the lines Dp and Dn in each period, a corresponding clock signal is generated. - In the signaling diagram of
Figure 2 , a request for an escape mode is shown, followed by entry command data, comprising bits 01100010. After the entry command, there is a Mark (in this case a Mark-0) followed by a STOP. - Although the invention will be described further with reference to the One-Spaced-Hot encoding in the MIPI protocol, it will be appreciated that the invention can be applied to systems using other clock encoding schemes, such as Data-Strobe signaling and High-Low-Line transition signaling.
- It will also be appreciated that in other implementations (although not in the MIPI protocol), a clock signal having more than two phases is also possible. In this case, the signals on each line are selected so that for each bit there is one and only one transition on the signal lines.
- As disclosed in
WO 02/51081 station 120. As a result, thesecond station 120 will not be able to further process previously received and decoded data words or initiate actions in response to command words or other previously received and decoded payload data words. - In the conventional system, facilitating generation of additional clock cycles in the absence of a clock circuit in the second station can require the transmission of additional bits over the communications bus. These data bits can be encoded in such a way that it is possible to distinguish between real data and data to be ignored. However, such a coding scheme is in many cases not practical, since it results in additional overhead in the transmission of every valid data word of transmitted data.
- Another way to avoid the problem is to reserve certain data bytes or words for use as data to be ignored or for commands. However, this leads to problems for applications that need to send arbitrary data values. Reduction of the available data set can be avoided, for example, by a rule that specifies if a reserved word is to represent data then it is sent twice. Thus, this additional copy of the reserved word indicates that the preceding data byte or word is to be processed by the receiving station as proper data, and is not data to be ignored or a command/control word. However, in the extreme case, this may lead to an additional overhead of a factor of two. Furthermore, it causes a non-constant bit-rate encoding.
- Yet another way to avoid the problem is to include a local clock generation circuit at the second station. For some applications this may result in disadvantages due to the additional silicon die area required, the additional I/O pins required in case of a non-integrated clock circuit, possible additional components, and the increased power consumption required to operate the clock generation circuit. These disadvantages may have a large impact, particularly if such a local clock generation circuit is not needed for other purposes.
- In addition, each of these solutions has the further disadvantage that there is a significant increase in design complexity in order to achieve an otherwise relatively simple and basic object - the provision of a clock signal in the receiving station after data transmission has been completed, or at a point where there is no payload data or command data to be transmitted.
-
Figure 3 illustrates this problem in a system that uses the One-Spaced-Hot encoding of the MIPI protocol. As shown, a request for escape mode is sent to the receivingstation 120, followed by a command. As thefirst station 110 wishes to transmit payload data words to thesecond station 120, the command data is a low-power data transmission (LPDT) command, which indicates to thesecond station 120 that the bits following the command are data bits to be processed. Then, a first payload data byte is transmitted. - After transmission of the first payload data byte, there is a pause as there is no further payload data to be transmitted, which means that the signals on lines Dp and Dn are held low. Thus, it can be seen that no clock signal will be generated in the receiving
station 120 during this pause. - When a second payload data byte is transmitted, it is again possible for the receiving station to generate a clock signal from the signal lines Dp and Dn.
- Therefore, in the communications system according to the invention, when there is no data (i.e. either payload data or command data) required to be transmitted to the receiving
station 120, and therefore no clock signal in the receiving station, data is nevertheless transmitted to the receivingstation 120 in order for the receivingstation 120 to generate a clock signal. In a preferred embodiment, a command without data or other control function is used to maintain a clock signal for a number of cycles after completion of the data transmission (or at a point where there is no data or command to be transmitted) from the first (transmitting)station 110 to the second (receiving)station 120. This dedicated command is designated a NOP (No OPeration) command herein. The NOP command can follow the transmission of payload data or other command data. On reception and decoding of the clock signal encoded with the NOP command by thesecond station 120, thedata processing circuit 122 will then ignore the NOP command. Alternatively, on reception and decoding of the clock signal encoded in the NOP command, thereceiver circuit 121 does not pass any information to thedata processing circuit 122, other than the decoded clock signal. - Regardless of the way in which the NOP command is handled by either the
receiver circuit 121 or thedata processing circuit 122, the effect is that further clock cycles can be generated by the receivingstation 120, which thereby allows the receivingstation 120 to continue the processing of payload data received earlier by thedata processing circuit 122 or to allow thedata processing circuit 122 to initiate actions or generate output signals in response to the payload data. In other words, when the bits on thedata lines Figures 2 and3 is recovered. - As described above, in the MIPI protocol, a STOP state is defined, which indicates to the receiving
station 120 that a transmission has ended, or that there is no payload data or command data to be transmitted at that point. As shown inFigures 2 and3 , the STOP state is indicated where both signals, Dp and Dn are high (11). This is a quiescent state. This state is avoided during actual data communication between the first andsecond stations first station 110 to thesecond station 120, thefirst station 110 sends MK0s for a zero-bit (which occurs when the signal lines Dp and Dn are simultaneously in thestates states Figures 2 and3 . -
Figure 4 is a signaling diagram illustrating the operation of this protocol in accordance with the invention. InFigure 4 , thefirst station 110 is initially in a STOP state (201) andsecond station 120 is also in a STOP state (202). - When the
first station 110 wishes to commence transmission of payload data to thesecond station 120, a Request for an escape mode (203) is sent to thesecond station 120. This request is a particular sequence of bits, which is followed by an entry command code that indicates to thesecond station 120 the requested action. In the MIPI protocol, these entry commands are eight-bit words that are selected so as to obtain maximum robustness and reliability against error mechanisms. - If the first station wishes to transmit payload data words to the second station, the command word is a low-power data transmission (LPDT) command (205), which indicates to the
second station 120 that the bits following the command are payload data bits to be processed. Payload data words are then transmitted to the second station 120 (signal line 207). Once the data transmission is complete, the STOP state (209) is transmitted to thesecond station 120. As discussed above with reference toFigures 2 and3 , the STOP state occurs when the signals on the first andsecond signal lines - It should be noted that, under the MIPI protocol, there is an additional MK between the space of the last bit of the data word and the STOP state. This avoids simultaneous transitions (signal edges) on both the signal lines.
- In accordance with the invention, the receiving
station 120 may require additional clock cycles in order to complete the tasks associated with the previously received payload data words. Therefore, a Request for escape mode (211) is sent from thefirst station 110 to thesecond station 120. Thefirst station 110 then transmits at least one NOP command (213) to thesecond station 120. If a plurality of NOP commands are transmitted to thesecond station 120, the NOP commands are concatenated, which means that a Request for Escape Mode is not required prior to each NOP command. As described above, thesecond station 120 receives the NOP command and decodes the clock signal from the bits used to transmit the command. - The number of NOP commands transmitted to the
second station 120 depends on the number of additional clock cycles required by thesecond station 120 in order to complete the processing of the previously received payload data words. - When the required number of NOP commands have been sent to the
second station 120, a STOP signal (215) is transmitted to thesecond station 120. Then both thefirst station 110 andsecond station 120 enter respective STOP states 217,218. - In the MIPI protocol, command words are 1 byte long (i.e. 8 bits), which means that each NOP command will provide the receiving
station 120 with eight additional clock cycles. Therefore, taking into account the overhead involved in starting and stopping data transmissions (i.e. the Request for Escape Mode, etc) the number of additional clock cycles will be equal to 8*N+3, where N is the number of NOP commands sent to thesecond station 120. - In protocols other than the MIPI protocol, the length of the command words and the overhead required to start and stop data transmissions may be different, which means that the number of additional clock cycles will be given by A*N+B, where A is the number of bits in the command words and B is the overhead required to start and stop a transmission.
- As described above, in the
first station 110 thedata generating circuit 112 may be arranged to generate only the actual payload data words to be transmitted, while thetransmitter circuit 113 is arranged to add the required NOP command or commands. Alternatively thedata generating circuit 112 can also generate the NOP commands succeeding the payload data words. - In an example, a command other than the NOP command can be repeated and transmitted to the receiving
station 120 by the transmittingstation 110 in order for the receivingstation 120 to be able to be able to generate a clock signal. For example, in the MIPI protocol, a RESET command is defined. Under the MIPI protocol, after receiving a RESET command, the receivingstation 120 will not be expecting any further data, or repetition of the RESET command. Therefore, in accordance with the invention, commands can be repeated when they would otherwise not be expected to be repeated, or commands that do not indicate to the receivingstation 120 that payload data is to be transmitted (i.e. commands other than the LPDT command) can be followed by discardable payload data. In either case, the receivingstation 120 uses the additional signals over thebus 130 to generate a clock signal. - The communications system according to the invention may have alternative modes of operation. In such an embodiment the communications system may utilize a mechanism to start and stop transmission in order to enable burst-wise transmission of data in data packets. This may be done both with in-band signals (representing exception states or codes) or separate signals. Such asynchronous transmission may be indicated by an entry code at the beginning of the burst. In that case, one or more of the entry codes may be defined or considered as a NOP (No Operation) code, which means that the
data processing circuit 122 may ignore it. Thus it will only result in transmission of this packet from thefirst station 110 to thesecond station 120 and in the generation of a clock signal at thesecond station 120 to allow thedata processing circuit 122 to process earlier received payload data or to initiate actions based on earlier received payload data. - In a communications system where this mode of communication is one out of a number of possible modes of communication, the mode as illustrated in the example of
Figure 4 may be entered by sending a certain sequence of bits in one of the other modes to enter the correct starting condition to transport the bits over the communications bus.130. In the mode of communication in the example ofFigure 4 , bits may be grouped into bytes of eight successive bits that indicate commands, instructions, or payload data to be processed by thesecond station 120. Command, instruction, or payload data words of other lengths are also possible. To enable error detection or error correction, the number of commands or valid payload data words may be limited to a subset of the potentially possible number of words. For instance, if only bytes of commands or instructions are transmitted, the instruction set could be limited to 8 out of the 256 possible codes, whereby the 8 codes used are chosen in such a way that the bit distance between them is as large as possible to increase the possibilities for error detection or correction. While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, such illustration and description are to be considered illustrative or exemplary and not restrictive; the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. - For instance in the embodiment shown in
Figure 1 , only two data lines are present in thecommunications bus data lines station 120 is disabled. - Other variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art in practicing the claimed invention, from a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite article "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. A single processor or other unit may fulfill the functions of several items recited in the claim. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage. A computer program may be stored/distributed on a suitable medium, such as an optical storage medium or a solid-state medium supplied together with or as part of other hardware, but may also be distributed in other forms, such as via the Internet or other wired or wireless telecommunication systems. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope.
Claims (12)
- A method of operating a communications system comprising a transmitting station and a receiving station,
the method in the transmitting station comprising:encoding a clock signal with data to form encoded signals for transmission,_wherein the data can be payload data and command data, said command data being provided for controlling the operation of the receiving station;transmitting the encoded signals to the receiving station;the method in the receiving station comprising:decoding the encoded signals to extract the clock signal and the data, without receiving an explicit and separate clock signal;processing the data under the control of the decoded clock signal;wherein the method further comprises:when no payload or command data is required to be transmitted to the receiving station, nevertheless transmitting encoded signals comprising a clock signal encoded with commands to allow the receiving station to decode said encoded signals, extract said clock signal, ignore said commands, said extracted clock signal being used to clock and continue the processing of payload data received earlier, wherein the number of further encoded commands depends on the number of additional clock cycles required to complete said processing. - A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the command data comprises a plurality concatenated command words.
- A method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the encoded signals for transmission comprise separate signals that are transmitted across at least two signal lines between the transmitting station and the receiving station.
- A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the step of decoding comprises performing exclusive-OR operations on the separate signals transmitted across the at least two signal lines.
- A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, prior to transmission of payload data words to the receiving station, the transmitting station encodes command data with the clock signal to form encoded signals for transmission and transmits the signals to the receiving station, the command data indicating to the receiving station that subsequently transmitted data will comprise at least one payload data word.
- A communication system (100) comprising a transmitting station (110) and a receiving station (120) for use in transmitting data to the receiving station (120) and in receiving data from the transmitting station (110), respectively,
the transmitting station (110) comprising:transmitter circuit (113) for encoding a clock signal with data to form encoded signals to be transmitted and transmitting the encoded signals to the receiving station (120), wherein the data can be payload data and command data, said command data being provided for controlling the operation of the receiving station; andthe receiving station (120) comprising:a receiver circuit (121) for receiving encoded signals from the transmitting station (110), the encoded signals comprising data encoded with a clock signal, wherein the data can be payload data and command data, said command data being provided for controlling the operation of the receiving station; the receiver circuit (121) being adapted to decode the encoded signals to extract the clock signal and the data, without receiving an explicit and separate clock signal; anda data processing circuit (122) for processing the data under the control of the decoded clock signal;wherein the transmitting station (110) is arranged for,when no payload or command data is required to be transmitted to the receiving station, nevertheless transmitting encoded signals comprising a clock signal encoded with commands to allow the receiving station to decode said encoded signals, extract said clock signal, ignore said commands, said extracted clock signal being used to clock and continue the processing of payload data received earlier, wherein the number of further encoded commands depends on the number of additional clock cycles required to complete said processing. - A communication system (100) according to claim 6, wherein the transmitting station further comprises a data generation circuit (112) for providing payload data to the transmitter circuit (113).
- A communication system (100) according to claim 7, wherein the data generation circuit (112) is further adapted to provide the command data to the transmitter circuit (113).
- A communication system (100) according to claim 7, wherein the transmitter circuit (113) is adapted to generate the command data.
- A communication system (100) according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the transmitting station further comprises a clock circuit (111) for generating the clock signal and providing the clock signal to the transmitter circuit (113).
- A communication system (100) according to any one of claims 6 to 10, which is implemented in an integrated circuit.
- A communication system (100) as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 11, adapted to use the MIPI protocol.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL06821526T PL1955470T3 (en) | 2005-11-22 | 2006-11-22 | Synchronized receiver |
EP06821526.8A EP1955470B1 (en) | 2005-11-22 | 2006-11-22 | Synchronized receiver |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05111110 | 2005-11-22 | ||
EP06821526.8A EP1955470B1 (en) | 2005-11-22 | 2006-11-22 | Synchronized receiver |
PCT/IB2006/054379 WO2007060620A1 (en) | 2005-11-22 | 2006-11-22 | Synchronized receiver |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1955470A1 EP1955470A1 (en) | 2008-08-13 |
EP1955470B1 true EP1955470B1 (en) | 2014-06-04 |
Family
ID=37831755
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06821526.8A Active EP1955470B1 (en) | 2005-11-22 | 2006-11-22 | Synchronized receiver |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8031746B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1955470B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4815559B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100977934B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101313505B (en) |
ES (1) | ES2476026T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL1955470T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007060620A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20100225565A1 (en) * | 2009-03-06 | 2010-09-09 | Freitas Oscar W | Mipi analog switch for efficient selection of multiple displays |
JP5505742B2 (en) | 2012-01-18 | 2014-05-28 | 横河電機株式会社 | Analog front-end circuit for measurement |
US9537644B2 (en) | 2012-02-23 | 2017-01-03 | Lattice Semiconductor Corporation | Transmitting multiple differential signals over a reduced number of physical channels |
US9230505B2 (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2016-01-05 | Lattice Semiconductor Corporation | Apparatus, system and method for providing clock and data signaling |
US9875209B2 (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2018-01-23 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Synchronous data-link throughput enhancement technique based on data signal duty-cycle and phase modulation/demodulation |
US9871516B2 (en) | 2014-06-04 | 2018-01-16 | Lattice Semiconductor Corporation | Transmitting apparatus with source termination |
JP6883377B2 (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2021-06-09 | シナプティクス・ジャパン合同会社 | Display driver, display device and operation method of display driver |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB9614561D0 (en) * | 1996-07-11 | 1996-09-04 | 4Links Ltd | Communication system with improved code |
ES2156614T3 (en) * | 1996-11-08 | 2001-07-01 | Cit Alcatel | METHOD FOR SYNCHRONIZING DATA TRANSMISSION BETWEEN A RECEIVER AND A TRANSMITTER. |
US6239793B1 (en) * | 1999-05-20 | 2001-05-29 | Rotor Communications Corporation | Method and apparatus for synchronizing the broadcast content of interactive internet-based programs |
US6802019B1 (en) * | 2000-06-15 | 2004-10-05 | Genesys Conferencing, Ltd. | Method and system for synchronizing data |
DE60128541T2 (en) | 2000-12-20 | 2008-01-24 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | CODING SYSTEM FOR THE COMMON TRANSMISSION OF DATA AND CLOCK SIGNALS OVER TWO CABLES |
US20030158991A1 (en) * | 2002-02-01 | 2003-08-21 | Klaus-Peter Deyring | Transceiver circuitry for sending and detecting OOB signals on serial ATA buses |
US20030148801A1 (en) * | 2002-02-01 | 2003-08-07 | Klaus-Peter Deyring | Signalling protocol for signalling start of reset processing in serial ATA bus protocol |
ATE474308T1 (en) * | 2003-10-22 | 2010-07-15 | Nxp Bv | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SENDING DATA OVER MULTIPLE TRANSMISSION LINES |
US7631118B2 (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2009-12-08 | Intel Corporation | Lane to lane deskewing via non-data symbol processing for a serial point to point link |
-
2006
- 2006-11-22 US US12/094,305 patent/US8031746B2/en active Active
- 2006-11-22 JP JP2008541881A patent/JP4815559B2/en active Active
- 2006-11-22 WO PCT/IB2006/054379 patent/WO2007060620A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-11-22 PL PL06821526T patent/PL1955470T3/en unknown
- 2006-11-22 EP EP06821526.8A patent/EP1955470B1/en active Active
- 2006-11-22 ES ES06821526.8T patent/ES2476026T3/en active Active
- 2006-11-22 CN CN2006800434682A patent/CN101313505B/en active Active
- 2006-11-22 KR KR1020087014957A patent/KR100977934B1/en active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101313505B (en) | 2012-01-04 |
JP4815559B2 (en) | 2011-11-16 |
EP1955470A1 (en) | 2008-08-13 |
US8031746B2 (en) | 2011-10-04 |
CN101313505A (en) | 2008-11-26 |
US20080279225A1 (en) | 2008-11-13 |
ES2476026T3 (en) | 2014-07-11 |
PL1955470T3 (en) | 2015-02-27 |
WO2007060620A1 (en) | 2007-05-31 |
JP2009516978A (en) | 2009-04-23 |
KR20080069261A (en) | 2008-07-25 |
KR100977934B1 (en) | 2010-08-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1955470B1 (en) | Synchronized receiver | |
US9811499B2 (en) | Transcoding and transmission over a serial bus | |
CN103141066B (en) | Transmission circuit, reception circuit, transmission method, reception method, communication system and communication method therefor | |
WO2017069855A1 (en) | Alternating pseudo-random binary sequence seeds for mipi csi-2 c-phy | |
JP6411480B2 (en) | Error detection capability via CCIe protocol | |
WO2016140765A2 (en) | Packet format and coding method for serial data transmission | |
US8255779B2 (en) | System and method for accelerated forward error correction (FEC) synchronization | |
US20160359754A1 (en) | Single-lane, twenty-five gigabit ethernet | |
JP2015536067A (en) | Controller area network for variable data rates | |
EP2579513A1 (en) | Node device, integrated circuit and control method in ring transmission system | |
EP3117527B1 (en) | Method for using error correction codes with n factorial or cci extension | |
JP2011114625A (en) | Communication system and communication device | |
JP2001024712A (en) | Transmission system, transmitter, receiver and interface device for interface-connecting parallel system with transmitter-receiver of data strobe type | |
CN115967752A (en) | Communication protocol implementation method and communication system | |
KR102520096B1 (en) | Encoded multi-lane N-factorial and other multi-wire communication systems | |
EP3319249B1 (en) | Transmission checking method, node, system and computer storage medium | |
CN111713046A (en) | Subscriber station for a serial communication network and method for correcting individual errors in messages of a serial communication network | |
KR100277059B1 (en) | Weaving coding punching device and method for digital communication | |
KR20170099230A (en) | Apparatus and method of data synchronization |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20080623 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL BA HR MK RS |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: NXP B.V. |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20090702 |
|
R17C | First examination report despatched (corrected) |
Effective date: 20090804 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20140114 |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: ERICSSON MODEMS SA |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL BA HR MK RS |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 671615 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20140615 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2476026 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 Effective date: 20140711 |
|
RAP2 | Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred) |
Owner name: ERICSSON MODEMS SA |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602006041812 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20140717 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: SE Ref legal event code: TRGR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: T3 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MK05 Ref document number: 671615 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20140604 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140905 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140604 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140604 Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140604 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG4D |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140604 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140604 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140604 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140604 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140604 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140604 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20141006 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20141004 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: PL Ref legal event code: T3 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 602006041812 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140604 |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20150305 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 602006041812 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20150305 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140604 Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140604 Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20141122 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140604 Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20141130 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20141130 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: 732E Free format text: REGISTERED BETWEEN 20151001 AND 20151007 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R082 Ref document number: 602006041812 Country of ref document: DE Representative=s name: BURCHARDI, THOMAS, DIPL.-ING. UNIV., DE Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R081 Ref document number: 602006041812 Country of ref document: DE Owner name: TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET L M ERICSSON (PUBL), SE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: ERICSSON MODEMS SA, PLAN-LES-OUATES, CH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R082 Ref document number: 602006041812 Country of ref document: DE Representative=s name: BURCHARDI, THOMAS, DIPL.-ING. UNIV., DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: PD Owner name: TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET L M ERICSSON (PUBL); SE Free format text: DETAILS ASSIGNMENT: VERANDERING VAN EIGENAAR(S), OVERDRACHT; FORMER OWNER NAME: ERICSSON MODEMS SA Effective date: 20151023 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: TP Owner name: TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET L M ERICSSON, SE Effective date: 20160121 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140604 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20061122 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: PC2A Owner name: TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET L M ERICSSON (PUBL) Effective date: 20170921 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Payment date: 20221121 Year of fee payment: 17 Ref country code: SE Payment date: 20221127 Year of fee payment: 17 Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20221123 Year of fee payment: 17 Ref country code: IE Payment date: 20221128 Year of fee payment: 17 Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20221201 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PL Payment date: 20221103 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20231126 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20231127 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20231127 Year of fee payment: 18 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20231129 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: SE Ref legal event code: EUG |