EP1952012B1 - Injector - Google Patents

Injector Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1952012B1
EP1952012B1 EP06818660A EP06818660A EP1952012B1 EP 1952012 B1 EP1952012 B1 EP 1952012B1 EP 06818660 A EP06818660 A EP 06818660A EP 06818660 A EP06818660 A EP 06818660A EP 1952012 B1 EP1952012 B1 EP 1952012B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control
piston
injector according
pressure accumulator
nozzle needle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06818660A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1952012A1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Joachim Koch
Lars KURZENDÖRFER
Wolfgang Scheibe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LOrange GmbH
Original Assignee
LOrange GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LOrange GmbH filed Critical LOrange GmbH
Publication of EP1952012A1 publication Critical patent/EP1952012A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1952012B1 publication Critical patent/EP1952012B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/0031Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/0031Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/004Sliding valves, e.g. spool valves, i.e. whereby the closing member has a sliding movement along a seat for opening and closing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/0031Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0043Two-way valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/0031Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0045Three-way valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/31Fuel-injection apparatus having hydraulic pressure fluctuations damping elements
    • F02M2200/315Fuel-injection apparatus having hydraulic pressure fluctuations damping elements for damping fuel pressure fluctuations
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/40Fuel-injection apparatus with fuel accumulators, e.g. a fuel injector having an integrated fuel accumulator
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2547/00Special features for fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M2547/003Valve inserts containing control chamber and valve piston
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/20Closing valves mechanically, e.g. arrangements of springs or weights or permanent magnets; Damping of valve lift
    • F02M61/205Means specially adapted for varying the spring tension or assisting the spring force to close the injection-valve, e.g. with damping of valve lift
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/0014Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid

Definitions

  • the invention is characterized by an injection injector according to claim 1, which is designed in terms of a cost and structurally relatively simple structure and despite this embodiment has only relatively small pressure oscillation amplitudes and also higher switching speeds with the possibility of multiple injections opened as well as working with higher injection pressures.
  • a pressure accumulator is integrated in the injection injector via which the nozzle needle is controlled to the injection openings, via a built-in pressure accumulator Ménbegrenzungsventil whose locking piston preferably additionally serves as a guide element for the optionally hollow control rod from the Control chamber of the control valve starting out by the pressure accumulator extending against the nozzle needle is supported.
  • the piston of the flow control valve is thus used for various functions and also offers the possibility for injection rate progression molding.
  • this can be realized, for example, simply by the diameter of the blocking piston being larger than the diameter of a frontal piston attachment which engages in a section of the control chamber-side pressure storage part and releases corresponding overflow cross sections as a function of the engagement depth.
  • no structurally complex measures are required for establishing the permissible fuel quantity passing through the blocking piston; rather, this can be achieved by a targeted determination of the leaks, so the games between locking piston and receiving bore and the possible game between control rod and locking piston.
  • bores, in particular throttle bores can also be assigned to the blocking piston via which the passage takes place.
  • the flow control valve can take over the function of a blocking safety valve, which - outside of the operating mode of the internal combustion engine - prevents an inflow of fuel to the cylinder of the internal combustion engine connected to the injector even if the associated injection openings are not completely closed via the nozzle needle.
  • a blocking safety valve which - outside of the operating mode of the internal combustion engine - prevents an inflow of fuel to the cylinder of the internal combustion engine connected to the injector even if the associated injection openings are not completely closed via the nozzle needle.
  • the integration of the pressure accumulator in the injection injector has a favorable effect on the reduction of pressure oscillations from how they are triggered by the injection.
  • the integration of the flow control valve in the pressure accumulator with corresponding displaceability of the locking piston is to this extent further advantageously noticeable, the locking piston also works in the function of a damping piston. From the reduction of the pressure oscillations, which also results in lower pressure peaks, there is the possibility of increasing the system pressure and higher injection pressures.
  • the control valve is designed in a manner that allows higher switching speeds, using hydrostatic as well as hydrodynamic effects, through which also a damping the control piston movement in the approach results in a respective stop surface as part of a sealing boundary.
  • piezo actuators as actuators can be fully exploited, since according to the high switching speed when applying the control piston by the actuator also a correspondingly fast return movement for the control piston can be achieved, but within the scope of the invention also magnetic actuator can be used as actuators.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show, in addition to each other, an injection injector 1 according to the invention in its entirety.
  • Combustion chamber side - based on an internal combustion engine, not shown, in the cylinder head of the injection injector 1 is installed injecting the combustion chamber - runs from the injection injector 1 in a nozzle body 2, followed by a conical transition part 4 and an intermediate plate 5, via a clamping nut 3 against an injector 6 are clamped.
  • a pressure accumulator 7 is provided, which is closed at the opposite end to the nozzle body 2 via a closing piece 8, followed by a control valve 9 and this downstream an actuator 10.
  • the pressure accumulator 7 is centrally penetrated by a control rod 11, which may also be hollow with advantage passes, which runs in a bore of the end piece 8 runs on a control chamber 12, which subsequently to the end piece 8 is covered by a plate 13, followed by the housing 14 of the control valve 9, which in turn is covered by a cover plate 15 which is penetrated by the actuating piston 16 of the actuator 10, which may be formed as a piezo or magnetic actuator, and preferably as shown, is designed as a piezo actuator.
  • the pressure accumulator 7 is connected via the channels 19 and 20 with the control chamber 12, and according to the thus given pressurization of the control chamber 12, the control rod 11 in Direction loaded on the nozzle body 2. If the control piston 17 is displaced by energizing the actuator 10 against the force of the spring 18 and against hydraulic forces in its lower Abdichtlage, the connection of the control chamber 10 is shut off to the accumulator 7 and the control chamber 12 is via the channel 20 and further channels 21, 22 (see Fig. 4 ) is connected to the low pressure side, wherein the connection to the low pressure side is symbolized by the arrow 23.
  • the pressure accumulator 7 communicates with a high-pressure source, for example a storage tube (common rail), via a channel 24 which opens onto the accumulator 7.
  • a high-pressure source for example a storage tube (common rail)
  • the pressure accumulator 7 is subdivided in the inventive solution into a control valve-side accumulator part 25 and a nozzle-side pressure accumulator part 26, wherein the high-pressure side connecting channel 24 on the control valve side Pressure accumulator part 25 opens and the two pressure storage parts 25, 26 are delimited by a flow control valve 28 against each other.
  • the quantity limiting valve 28 is designed for the fuel throughput during operation of the internal combustion engine with maximum injection quantity and controls the connection between the pressure accumulator parts 25 and 26 when a threshold value lying above the aforementioned flow rate is exceeded.
  • a support spring 30 is supported against the injector 6-position support plate 5 and enclosed in the illustrated embodiment by a stop sleeve 31 in its adjacent to the support plate 5 area, wherein the stop sleeve 31 is limited in against the force of the support spring 30 displaced locking piston 29 whose displacement and when plant the locking piston 29 is interrupted on the stop sleeve 31, the passage connection from the pressure accumulator 7 in the direction of the nozzle body 2.
  • a further spring 32 is supported, which operates in the opposite direction to the support spring 30 and the control rod 11 is applied, which in turn is supported against the shaft 33 of a nozzle needle 34 which is guided in a nozzle needle bore 35 of the nozzle body 2 and in its illustrated Closing position to the nozzle body 2 in the end region of the nozzle needle bore 35 lying injection openings 36 abgrest.
  • the nozzle needle 34 is loaded in its closed position in addition to the application of the spring 32 by the hydraulic overweight of the control rod 11 and in the region of its shaft 33 by a stop sleeve 37, through which a positionally secure connection of the nozzle needle 34 to the control rod 11 is made by the control rod 11 protrudes into the stop sleeve 37 and held suitably in this is, wherein the fit is selected such that on the one hand a sealing connection between the stop sleeve 37 and the control rod 11 and the nozzle needle shaft 33 is reached, on the other hand - for assembly - the control rod 11 from the shaft 33 of the nozzle needle 34 can be separated.
  • the stroke of the nozzle needle 34 is limited in the opening direction, wherein the stop sleeve 37 is supported in its wegbegrenzenden stop position on the transition part 4.
  • the nozzle-side pressure storage part 26 in open communication with the nozzle needle bore 35, as seen from Fig. 2 can be seen, wherein the nozzle needle 34 in its guide to the nozzle needle bore 35 a flow permitting, in particular polygonal, for example, triangular cross-section, so that in this guide area a free supply of fuel to the seating area of the nozzle needle 34 is given, the pressure-dependent in the over the stop sleeve 37 wegbe ancestrale open position is adjustable when the control rod 11 is not pressurized by the control chamber 12 and the control chamber 12 by energizing the actuator 10 and adjustment of the control piston 17 against the force of the spring 18 via the channels 20, 21 and 22 to the low pressure side connected.
  • control rod 11 in the area of their expiring on the control chamber 12 end in the housing 14 sealingly and centering fixed end piece 8 and opposite by their position-fixed connection via the stop sleeve 37 at the Nozzle needle 34, so that the only a few millimeters thick control rod 11, which may optionally also be hollow, both in terms of vibrations and deformations is critical.
  • the vibration behavior of the injection injector 1 with respect to pressure oscillations is improved by the internal pressure accumulator 7 integrated in the injection injector 1, wherein the accumulator 7 according to the invention advantageously also allows the integration of the flow control valve 28, through which the pressure accumulator 7 into its two pressure accumulator parts 25, 26 is divided and preferably forms a sliding guide for the control rod 11 with its locking piston 29.
  • the locking piston 29 is with respect to its management tolerances to the injector 6, as well as optionally to the control rod 11 is formed so that in the period between successive injections, an amount of fuel from the control valve side pressure storage part 25 can pass to the nozzle-side pressure storage part 26, which corresponds to the respective regular injection quantity substantially and is below a predetermined threshold. Shown is the formation of the locking piston 29 on its side remote from the support spring 30 side with an end-side piston extension 38 in a diameter of the locking piston 29 in diameter reduced region 39 of the pressure accumulator 7 protrudes.
  • the front-side piston extension 38 offers the possibility of injection rate development by the fact that in the overlap region of the piston extension 38 to the area 39 of the pressure accumulator 7 by tighter fit, by graduated circumferential contours or the like StudentsströmJ from pressure accumulator 25 to the pressure accumulator 26 with displacement of the locking piston 29 against the force of Support spring 30 are varied path-dependent.
  • the leakage connection between the locking piston 29 and the control rod 11 largely To interrupt, it may be expedient to provide the locking piston 29 instead of, or in addition to the piston shoulder 38 with a flexible, in particular pressure-dependent einschnürbaren collar 64.
  • the control piston 17, as the Fig. 3 and 4 show, designed as a mushroom piston, that is, with a conically widening head portion 40, which projects beyond the diameter 41 of the shaft 42.
  • the conical head part 40 corresponds on the part of the housing 14 has a conical receptacle 43, and the head part 40 has on the one hand in the direction of the actuator 10 is determined by a sealing edge sealing diameter 44 against the covering cover plate 15 and on the other hand determined by a further sealing edge sealing diameter 45th against the housing 14 in the region of the conical receptacle 43.
  • the sealing diameters 44 and 45 are each larger than the diameter 41 of the shank 42, so that in the direction of the respective sealing abutment pressure-dependent results in a supporting force.
  • the respective inflow-side edge 46 and 48 adjoins the respective mating surface 50, 51 tapering to the sealing diameter 44 and 45, respectively Position of the control piston 17 from a tapered fürströmspalt, and depending on the gap height arise - based on the pressure in the stationary medium - pressure deviations, corresponding to the flow rate in the direction of a negative pressure.
  • annular flanks 48, 49 on both sides of the lower, sealing diameter 44 narrow and inclined to the counter surface 51 on the receiving cone 43 only flat, and it is a broader outer edge 46 sought to counter surface 50.
  • the solution according to the invention thus leads to a relatively simple injection injector, in which only small pressure oscillations result, in particular due to the integration of an accumulator into the injector, and in which only pressure peaks occur that are slightly above the system pressure, wherein, in addition, low pressure oscillation ranges are achieved , This allows high system pressures.
  • Advantageous angular sizes in the sense of influencing the adjusting movements of the control piston 17 according to the invention are for the cone angle 52 of the receiving cone 43, for example, 90 °, at a cone angle 53 of lying in the inlet on the lower, sealing diameter 45 edge 48 of about 120 ° and a cone angle 54 of in the course of the lower sealing diameter 55 lying edge 49 of about 80 °, with other angular sizes with a comparable ratio of the angle to each other are within the scope of the invention.
  • Fig. 5 shows an overall view of an injection injector 60, which in its overall construction largely according to the injection injector 1 Fig. 1 and 2 which is why the relevant reference signs have been adopted and to the description Fig. 1 and 2 is referenced.
  • the injection injector 60 is provided with an actuator 10 designed as a magnetic actuator.
  • the actuator piston 29 of the flow control valve 28 supporting support spring 30 is enclosed by the sleeve-shaped insert 61 and is supported against the intermediate plate 5 via a sleeve-shaped piece base from which is designated 62 and, as well as the support spring 30, the control rod 11 surrounds.
  • the stop limit for the locking piston 29 via the insert 61 which has an engaging in the displacement of the locking piston 29 annular collar 63.
  • the annular collar 63 is located on the housing 6 facing the end of the insert piece 61, and the flow control valve 28 is located with its locking piston 29 near the insert 61 facing the end of the housing 6.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

Injector (1) has actuator (10), a control chamber (12) fed by control valve (9), which is actuated by the actuator. Injector has a nozzle body with injection opening and a nozzle pin. Pressure reservoir is arranged between control valve and nozzle body. The volume control valve divides the pressure reservoir into high-pressure source connected reservoir part (25) at control chamber side and another reservoir part at nozzle body side.

Description

Dokument GB 2 284 236 A offenbart einen Einspritzinjektor mit zweigeteiltem Druckraum und dazwischen liegenden Schließventil.document GB 2 284 236 A discloses an injection injector with two-part pressure chamber and intermediate closing valve.

Die Erfindung ist durch einen Einspritzinjektor gemäß dem Anspruch 1 gekennzeichnet, der im Hinblick auf einen kostengünstigen und konstruktiv verhältnismäßig einfachen Aufbau konzipiert ist und trotz dieser Ausgestaltung nur verhältnismäßig kleine Druckschwingungsamplituden aufweist und auch höhere Schaltgeschwindigkeiten mit der Möglichkeit von Mehrfacheinspritzungen ebenso eröffnet wie ein Arbeiten mit höheren Einspritzdrücken.The invention is characterized by an injection injector according to claim 1, which is designed in terms of a cost and structurally relatively simple structure and despite this embodiment has only relatively small pressure oscillation amplitudes and also higher switching speeds with the possibility of multiple injections opened as well as working with higher injection pressures.

Im Sinne dieser Zielsetzung ist in den Einspritzinjektor ein Druckspeicher integriert, über den der über die Düsennadel gesteuerte Zulauf zu den Einspritzöffnungen erfolgt, und zwar über ein in den Druckspeicher integriertes Mengenbegrenzungsventil, dessen Sperrkolben bevorzugt zusätzlich als Führungselement für die gegebenenfalls hohle Steuerstange dient, die vom Steuerraum des Steuerventils ausgehend sich durch den Druckspeicher erstreckend gegen die Düsennadel abstützt. Der Kolben des Mengenbegrenzungsventils ist somit für verschiedene Funktionen genutzt und bietet zudem die Möglichkeit für eine Einspritzratenverlaufsformung.For the purposes of this objective, a pressure accumulator is integrated in the injection injector via which the nozzle needle is controlled to the injection openings, via a built-in pressure accumulator Mengenbegrenzungsventil whose locking piston preferably additionally serves as a guide element for the optionally hollow control rod from the Control chamber of the control valve starting out by the pressure accumulator extending against the nozzle needle is supported. The piston of the flow control valve is thus used for various functions and also offers the possibility for injection rate progression molding.

Im Sinne dieser letztgenannten Funktion erweist sich für den Sperrkolben eine Ausgestaltung als zweckmäßig, die in Abhängigkeit von den Stellbewegungen des Sperrkolbens den Übertrittsquerschnitt zwischen den durch den Sperrkolben getrenn- ten Druckspeicherteilen beeinflusst und dadurch auch den Einspritzverlauf.In the sense of this last-mentioned function, a configuration proves to be expedient for the blocking piston, which, depending on the adjusting movements of the blocking piston, separates the crossing cross-section between those separated by the blocking piston. pressure accumulator parts and thus also the course of injection.

Konstruktiv lässt sich dies einfach beispielsweise dadurch realisieren, dass der Durchmesser des Sperrkolbens größer ist als der Durchmesser eines stirnseitigen Kolbenansatzes, der in einen Abschnitt des steuerraumseitigen Druckspeicherteiles eingreift und in Abhängigkeit von der Eingriffstiefe entsprechende Überströmquerschnitte freigibt. Weiter bedarf es bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung keiner konstruktiv aufwändigen Maßnahmen zur Festlegung der zulässigen, über den Sperrkolben durchlaufenden Kraftstoffmenge; vielmehr lässt sich dies durch eine gezielte Festlegung der Leckagen, so der Spiele zwischen Sperrkolben und aufnehmender Bohrung sowie des etwaigen Spieles zwischen Steuerstange und Sperrkolben erreichen. Im Rahmen der Erfindung können dem Sperrkolben aber auch Bohrungen, insbesondere Drosselbohrungen zugeordnet sein, über die der Durchlauf erfolgt.In terms of design, this can be realized, for example, simply by the diameter of the blocking piston being larger than the diameter of a frontal piston attachment which engages in a section of the control chamber-side pressure storage part and releases corresponding overflow cross sections as a function of the engagement depth. Furthermore, in the solution according to the invention, no structurally complex measures are required for establishing the permissible fuel quantity passing through the blocking piston; rather, this can be achieved by a targeted determination of the leaks, so the games between locking piston and receiving bore and the possible game between control rod and locking piston. In the context of the invention, however, bores, in particular throttle bores, can also be assigned to the blocking piston via which the passage takes place.

Ferner kann das Mengenbegrenzungsventil die Funktion eines sperrenden Sicherheitsventiles übernehmen, das - außerhalb des Arbeitsbetriebes der Brennkraftmaschine - einen Zulauf von Kraftstoff auf den mit dem Injektor verbundenen Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine auch dann verhindert, wenn über die Düsennadel die zugehörige Einspritzöffnungen nicht völlig verschlossen sind. Hierzu wird vorgesehen, dass der Sperrkolben in seiner federbelasteten Ausgangslage den Übertrittsquerschnitt zwischen den Druckspeicherteilen dichtend absperrt, solange ein als Schwellwert festgelegter Arbeitsdruck nicht überschritten und der Sperrkolben entgegen der Federkraft in eine Öffnungslage für den Übertrittsquerschnitt verstellt wird.Furthermore, the flow control valve can take over the function of a blocking safety valve, which - outside of the operating mode of the internal combustion engine - prevents an inflow of fuel to the cylinder of the internal combustion engine connected to the injector even if the associated injection openings are not completely closed via the nozzle needle. For this purpose, it is provided that the locking piston in its spring-loaded starting position sealing the crossover cross section between the pressure accumulator parts, as long as a threshold defined working pressure is not exceeded and the locking piston is adjusted against the spring force in an open position for the crossover cross section.

Schon die Integration des Druckspeichers in den Einspritzinjektor wirkt sich günstig auf den Abbau von Druckschwingungen aus, wie sie durch die Einspritzung ausgelöst werden. Die Integration des Mengenbegrenzungsventils in den Druckspeicher mit entsprechender Verschieblichkeit des Sperrkolbens macht sich insoweit weiter vorteilhaft bemerkbar, wobei der Sperrkolben auch in der Funktion eines Dämpfungskolbens arbeitet. Aus der Reduktion der Druckschwingungen, die auch geringere Druckspitzen zur Folge hat, ergibt sich die Möglichkeit der Erhöhung des Systemdruckes und höherer Einspritzdrücke.Even the integration of the pressure accumulator in the injection injector has a favorable effect on the reduction of pressure oscillations from how they are triggered by the injection. The integration of the flow control valve in the pressure accumulator with corresponding displaceability of the locking piston is to this extent further advantageously noticeable, the locking piston also works in the function of a damping piston. From the reduction of the pressure oscillations, which also results in lower pressure peaks, there is the possibility of increasing the system pressure and higher injection pressures.

Zudem wird durch Verringerung der Druckschwingungen die Möglichkeit für höhere Schaltgeschwindigkeiten sowie auch für gezielt getaktete Einspritzverläufe geschaffen, wobei erfindungsgemäß das Steuerventil in einer Weise ausgestaltet ist, die höhere Schaltgeschwindigkeiten ermöglicht, und zwar unter Ausnutzung hydrostatischer wie auch hydrodynamischer Effekte, durch die sich auch eine Dämpfung der Steuerkolbenbewegung in der Annäherung eine jeweilige Anschlagfläche als Bestandteil einer Dichtgrenze ergibt. In Verbindung mit einer solchen Ausgestaltung lassen sich auch die Vorteile von Piezostellgliedern als Aktuatoren voll nutzen, da entsprechend der hohen Schaltgeschwindigkeit beim Beaufschlagen des Steuerkolbens durch den Aktuator auch eine entsprechend schnelle Rückstellbewegung für den Steuerkolben erreicht werden kann, wobei im Rahmen der Erfindung aber auch Magnetsteller als Aktuatoren einsetzbar sind.In addition, by reducing the pressure oscillations, the possibility for higher switching speeds as well as targeted pulsed injection curves created, according to the invention the control valve is designed in a manner that allows higher switching speeds, using hydrostatic as well as hydrodynamic effects, through which also a damping the control piston movement in the approach results in a respective stop surface as part of a sealing boundary. In conjunction with such a configuration, the advantages of piezo actuators as actuators can be fully exploited, since according to the high switching speed when applying the control piston by the actuator also a correspondingly fast return movement for the control piston can be achieved, but within the scope of the invention also magnetic actuator can be used as actuators.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Ansprüchen. Ferner wird die Erfindung nachfolgend mit weiteren Details anhand der Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1 und 2
einen Einspritzinjektor, aus Darstellungsgründen aufgeteilt auf einen oberen Teil (Fig. 1) und einen unteren Teil (Fig. 2),
Fig. 3
einen Ausschnitt III aus Fig. 4 in vergrößerter Darstellung, der den Steuerkolben des Steuerventiles im Bereich seines Pilzkopfes zeigt und die Größe der dichtenden Durchmesser zum Durchmesser der Führungsbohrung des Steuerkolbens veranschaulicht,
Fig. 4
eine Ausschnittsvergrößerung IV in Fig. 1, insbesondere zur Verdeutlichung der konstruktiven Ausbildung des Pilzkolbens im Hinblick auf die Unterstützung von Stellbewegungen durch Überströmungseffekte, und
Fig. 5
zur Verbesserung der Übersicht über den Aufbau eines Einspritzinjektors eine Gesamtdarstellung desselben, in einer gegenüber der Ausgestaltung gemäß Fig. 1 und 2 etwas abgewandelten Bauform.
Further details and features of the invention will become apparent from the claims. Furthermore, the invention will be explained below with further details with reference to the drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1 and 2
an injection injector, for illustrative purposes divided into an upper part ( Fig. 1 ) and a lower part ( Fig. 2 )
Fig. 3
a section III from Fig. 4 in an enlarged view, which shows the control piston of the control valve in the region of its mushroom head and illustrates the size of the sealing diameter to the diameter of the guide bore of the control piston,
Fig. 4
a detail enlargement IV in Fig. 1 , in particular to illustrate the structural design of the mushroom piston with respect to the support of actuating movements by overflow effects, and
Fig. 5
to improve the overview of the structure of an injection injector an overall view of the same, in a respect to the embodiment according to Fig. 1 and 2 slightly modified design.

Die Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen, ergänzend aneinander gelegt, einen Einspritzinjektor 1 gemäß der Erfindung in seiner Gesamtheit. Brennraumseitig - bezogen auf eine nicht dargestellte Brennkraftmaschine, in deren Zylinderkopf der Einspritzinjektor 1 auf den Brennraum einspritzend eingebaut ist - läuft der Einspritzinjektor 1 in einem Düsenkörper 2 aus, auf den ein konisches Übergangsteil 4 und eine Zwischenplatte 5 folgen, die über eine Spannmutter 3 gegen ein Injektorgehäuse 6 verspannt sind. Im Injektorgehäuse 6 ist zentral, und gegen den Düsenkörper 2 offen, ein Druckspeicher 7 vorgesehen, der am zum Düsenkörper 2 gegenüberliegenden Ende über ein Abschlussstück 8 verschlossen ist, auf das ein Steuerventil 9 und diesem nachgeordnet ein Aktuator 10 folgen.The Fig. 1 and 2 show, in addition to each other, an injection injector 1 according to the invention in its entirety. Combustion chamber side - based on an internal combustion engine, not shown, in the cylinder head of the injection injector 1 is installed injecting the combustion chamber - runs from the injection injector 1 in a nozzle body 2, followed by a conical transition part 4 and an intermediate plate 5, via a clamping nut 3 against an injector 6 are clamped. In the injector 6 is centrally, and open against the nozzle body 2, a pressure accumulator 7 is provided, which is closed at the opposite end to the nozzle body 2 via a closing piece 8, followed by a control valve 9 and this downstream an actuator 10.

Der Druckspeicher 7 ist zentral von einer Steuerstange 11, die mit Vorteil auch hohl ausgebildet sein kann, durchsetzt, die in einer Bohrung des Abschlussstückes 8 geführt auf einen Steuerraum 12 ausläuft, der anschließend an das Abschlussstück 8 von einer Platte 13 überdeckt ist, auf die das Gehäuse 14 des Steuerventiles 9 folgt, das seinerseits von einer Abdeckplatte 15 überdeckt ist, die vom Betätigungsstempel 16 des Aktuators 10 durchsetzt ist, der als Piezo- oder Magnetsteller ausgebildet sein kann, und der bevorzugt, wie dargestellt, als Piezosteller ausgebildet ist. Über den Betätigungsstempel 16 ist der im Gehäuse 14 des Steuerventiles 9 geführte Steuerkolben 17 zu beaufschlagen, der in Richtung auf den Aktuator 10 über eine Feder 18 abgestützt ist und der entgegen der Kraft der Feder 18 über den Betätigungsstempel 16 bei Bestromung des Aktuators 10 verstellbar ist.The pressure accumulator 7 is centrally penetrated by a control rod 11, which may also be hollow with advantage passes, which runs in a bore of the end piece 8 runs on a control chamber 12, which subsequently to the end piece 8 is covered by a plate 13, followed by the housing 14 of the control valve 9, which in turn is covered by a cover plate 15 which is penetrated by the actuating piston 16 of the actuator 10, which may be formed as a piezo or magnetic actuator, and preferably as shown, is designed as a piezo actuator. About the actuating piston 16 is guided in the housing 14 of the control valve 9 control piston 17 to be acted upon, which is supported in the direction of the actuator 10 via a spring 18 and 18 against the force of the spring 18 via the actuating piston 16 when energized the actuator 10 is adjustable ,

Nimmt der Steuerkolben 17, entsprechend der Belastung durch die Feder 18, seine dichtende, obere Anschlaglage ein, so ist der Druckspeicher 7 über die Kanäle 19 und 20 mit dem Steuerraum 12 verbunden, und entsprechend der damit gegebenen Druckbeaufschlagung des Steuerraumes 12 die Steuerstange 11 in Richtung auf den Düsenkörper 2 belastet. Ist der Steuerkolben 17 durch Bestromung des Aktuators 10 entgegen der Kraft der Feder 18 und entgegen hydraulischen Kräften in seine untere Abdichtlage verschoben, so ist die Verbindung des Steuerraumes 10 zum Druckspeicher 7 abgesteuert und der Steuerraum 12 ist über den Kanal 20 und weitere Kanäle 21, 22 (siehe Fig. 4) an die Niederdruckseite angeschlossen, wobei die Verbindung zur Niederdruckseite durch den Pfeil 23 symbolisiert ist.Takes the control piston 17, according to the load by the spring 18, its sealing, upper stop position, the pressure accumulator 7 is connected via the channels 19 and 20 with the control chamber 12, and according to the thus given pressurization of the control chamber 12, the control rod 11 in Direction loaded on the nozzle body 2. If the control piston 17 is displaced by energizing the actuator 10 against the force of the spring 18 and against hydraulic forces in its lower Abdichtlage, the connection of the control chamber 10 is shut off to the accumulator 7 and the control chamber 12 is via the channel 20 and further channels 21, 22 (see Fig. 4 ) is connected to the low pressure side, wherein the connection to the low pressure side is symbolized by the arrow 23.

Der Druckspeicher 7 steht mit einer Hochdruckquelle, beispielsweise einem Speicherrohr (common rail), über einen Kanal 24 in Verbindung, der auf den Druckspeicher 7 ausmündet.The pressure accumulator 7 communicates with a high-pressure source, for example a storage tube (common rail), via a channel 24 which opens onto the accumulator 7.

Der Druckspeicher 7 ist bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung in einen steuerventilseitigen Druckspeicherteil 25 und einen düsenseitigen Druckspeicherteil 26 unterteilt, wobei der hochdruckseitige Anschlusskanal 24 auf den steuerventilseitigen Druckspeicherteil 25 ausmündet und die beiden Druckspeicherteile 25, 26 über ein Mengenbegrenzungsventil 28 gegeneinander abgegrenzt sind. Das Mengenbegrenzungsventil 28 ist auf den Kraftstoffdurchsatz beim Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine mit maximaler Einspritzmenge ausgelegt und steuert die Verbindung zwischen den Druckspeicherteilen 25 und 26 ab, wenn ein oberhalb der vorgenannten Durchsatzmenge liegender Schwellwert überschritten wird.The pressure accumulator 7 is subdivided in the inventive solution into a control valve-side accumulator part 25 and a nozzle-side pressure accumulator part 26, wherein the high-pressure side connecting channel 24 on the control valve side Pressure accumulator part 25 opens and the two pressure storage parts 25, 26 are delimited by a flow control valve 28 against each other. The quantity limiting valve 28 is designed for the fuel throughput during operation of the internal combustion engine with maximum injection quantity and controls the connection between the pressure accumulator parts 25 and 26 when a threshold value lying above the aforementioned flow rate is exceeded.

Auf seine unterhalb dieses Schwellwertes liegende Ausgangslage ist der Sperrkolben 29 des Mengenbegrenzungsventiles 28 über eine Stützfeder 30 belastet. Diese Stützfeder 30 ist gegen die zum Injektorgehäuse 6 lagefeste Stützplatte 5 abgestützt und im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel von einer Anschlaghülse 31 in ihrem zur Stützplatte 5 benachbarten Bereich umschlossen, wobei die Anschlaghülse 31 bei gegen die Kraft der Stützfeder 30 verschobenem Sperrkolben 29 dessen Verschiebeweg begrenzt und bei Anlage des Sperrkolbens 29 an der Anschlaghülse 31 die Durchlaufverbindung vom Druckspeicher 7 in Richtung auf den Düsenkörper 2 unterbrochen ist.At its lying below this threshold initial position of the locking piston 29 of the flow control valve 28 is loaded via a support spring 30. This support spring 30 is supported against the injector 6-position support plate 5 and enclosed in the illustrated embodiment by a stop sleeve 31 in its adjacent to the support plate 5 area, wherein the stop sleeve 31 is limited in against the force of the support spring 30 displaced locking piston 29 whose displacement and when plant the locking piston 29 is interrupted on the stop sleeve 31, the passage connection from the pressure accumulator 7 in the direction of the nozzle body 2.

Auf der Stützplatte 5 ist eine weitere Feder 32 abgestützt, die in Gegenrichtung zur Stützfeder 30 arbeitet und die Steuerstange 11 beaufschlagt, die ihrerseits gegen den Schaft 33 einer Düsennadel 34 abgestützt ist, die in einer Düsennadelbohrung 35 des Düsenkörpers 2 geführt ist und in ihrer dargestellten Schließlage zum Düsenkörper 2 im Endbereich der Düsennadelbohrung 35 liegende Einspritzöffnungen 36 absteuert. Die Düsennadel 34 ist in ihrer Schließlage ergänzend zur Beaufschlagung über die Feder 32 durch das hydraulische Übergewicht der Steuerstange 11 belastet sowie im Bereich ihres Schaftes 33 von einer Anschlaghülse 37 umgriffen, über die eine lagefeste Verbindung der Düsennadel 34 zur Steuerstange 11 dadurch hergestellt ist, dass die Steuerstange 11 in die Anschlaghülse 37 hineinragt und passend in dieser gehalten ist, wobei die Passung derart gewählt ist, dass einerseits eine dichtende Verbindung zwischen Anschlaghülse 37 und Steuerstange 11 sowie zum Düsennadelschaft 33 erreicht ist, andererseits aber - zur Montage - die Steuerstange 11 vom Schaft 33 der Düsennadel 34 getrennt werden kann. Über die Anschlaghülse 37 wird der Hub der Düsennadel 34 in Öffnungsrichtung begrenzt, wobei die Anschlaghülse 37 in ihrer wegbegrenzenden Anschlaglage am Übergangsteil 4 abgestützt ist.On the support plate 5, a further spring 32 is supported, which operates in the opposite direction to the support spring 30 and the control rod 11 is applied, which in turn is supported against the shaft 33 of a nozzle needle 34 which is guided in a nozzle needle bore 35 of the nozzle body 2 and in its illustrated Closing position to the nozzle body 2 in the end region of the nozzle needle bore 35 lying injection openings 36 absteuert. The nozzle needle 34 is loaded in its closed position in addition to the application of the spring 32 by the hydraulic overweight of the control rod 11 and in the region of its shaft 33 by a stop sleeve 37, through which a positionally secure connection of the nozzle needle 34 to the control rod 11 is made by the control rod 11 protrudes into the stop sleeve 37 and held suitably in this is, wherein the fit is selected such that on the one hand a sealing connection between the stop sleeve 37 and the control rod 11 and the nozzle needle shaft 33 is reached, on the other hand - for assembly - the control rod 11 from the shaft 33 of the nozzle needle 34 can be separated. About the stop sleeve 37, the stroke of the nozzle needle 34 is limited in the opening direction, wherein the stop sleeve 37 is supported in its wegbegrenzenden stop position on the transition part 4.

Ausgehend vom Mengenbegrenzungsventil 28 steht der düsenseitige Druckspeicherteil 26 in offener Verbindung zur Düsennadelbohrung 35, wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich, wobei die Düsennadel 34 in ihrem Führungsbereich zur Düsennadelbohrung 35 einen Durchfluss ermöglichenden, insbesondere mehreckigen, zum Beispiel dreieckförmigen Querschnitt, aufweist, so dass auch in diesem Führungsbereich ein freier Zulauf des Kraftstoffes zum Sitzbereich der Düsennadel 34 gegeben ist, die druckabhängig in die über die Anschlaghülse 37 wegbegrenzte Öffnungslage verstellbar ist, wenn die Steuerstange 11 seitens des Steuerraumes 12 nicht druckbeaufschlagt ist und der Steuerraum 12 durch Bestromen des Aktuators 10 und Verstellung des Steuerkolbens 17 entgegen der Kraft der Feder 18 über die Kanäle 20, 21 und 22 an die Niederdruckseite angeschlossen ist.Starting from the flow control valve 28 is the nozzle-side pressure storage part 26 in open communication with the nozzle needle bore 35, as seen from Fig. 2 can be seen, wherein the nozzle needle 34 in its guide to the nozzle needle bore 35 a flow permitting, in particular polygonal, for example, triangular cross-section, so that in this guide area a free supply of fuel to the seating area of the nozzle needle 34 is given, the pressure-dependent in the over the stop sleeve 37 wegbegrenzte open position is adjustable when the control rod 11 is not pressurized by the control chamber 12 and the control chamber 12 by energizing the actuator 10 and adjustment of the control piston 17 against the force of the spring 18 via the channels 20, 21 and 22 to the low pressure side connected.

Geführt ist die sich über einen Großteil der Länge des Einspritzinjektors 1 erstreckende, und somit lange Steuerstange 11 im Bereich ihres auf den Steuerraum 12 auslaufenden Endes im zum Gehäuse 14 dichtend und zentrierend festgelegten Abschlussstück 8 sowie gegenüberliegend durch ihre lagefeste Verbindung über die Anschlaghülse 37 an der Düsennadel 34, so dass die nur wenige Millimeter dicke Steuerstange 11, die gegebenenfalls auch hohl ausgebildet sein kann, sowohl im Hinblick auf Schwingungen wie auch Verformungen kritisch ist.The guided over a large part of the length of the injection injector 1, and thus long control rod 11 in the area of their expiring on the control chamber 12 end in the housing 14 sealingly and centering fixed end piece 8 and opposite by their position-fixed connection via the stop sleeve 37 at the Nozzle needle 34, so that the only a few millimeters thick control rod 11, which may optionally also be hollow, both in terms of vibrations and deformations is critical.

Das Schwingungsverhalten des Einspritzinjektors 1 im Hinblick auf Druckschwingungen wird durch den in den Einspritzinjektor 1 integrierten, internen Druckspeicher 7 verbessert, wobei der Druckspeicher 7 erfindungsgemäß in vorteilhafter Weise auch die Integration des Mengenbegrenzungsventiles 28 ermöglicht, durch das der Druckspeicher 7 in seine beiden Druckspeicherteile 25, 26 unterteilt wird und das mit seinem Sperrkolben 29 bevorzugt eine Gleitführung für die Steuerstange 11 bildet.The vibration behavior of the injection injector 1 with respect to pressure oscillations is improved by the internal pressure accumulator 7 integrated in the injection injector 1, wherein the accumulator 7 according to the invention advantageously also allows the integration of the flow control valve 28, through which the pressure accumulator 7 into its two pressure accumulator parts 25, 26 is divided and preferably forms a sliding guide for the control rod 11 with its locking piston 29.

Der Sperrkolben 29 ist bezüglich seiner Führungstoleranzen zum Injektorgehäuse 6, sowie auch gegebenenfalls zur Steuerstange 11 so ausgebildet, dass im Zeitraum zwischen aufeinander folgenden Einspritzungen eine Kraftstoffmenge vom steuerventilseitigen Druckspeicherteil 25 auf den düsenseitigen Druckspeicherteil 26 übertreten kann, die der jeweiligen regulären Einspritzmenge im Wesentlichen entspricht und unterhalb eines vorgegebenen Schwellwertes liegt. Entsprechend ergibt sich eine Verlagerung des Sperrkolbens 29 in der Einspritzphase entgegen der Abstützung über die Stützfeder 30. Gezeigt ist die Ausbildung des Sperrkolbens 29 auf seiner von der Stützfeder 30 abgelegenen Seite mit einem stirnseitigen Kolbenansatz 38, der in einen zum Durchmesser des Sperrkolbens 29 im Durchmesser reduzierten Bereich 39 des Druckspeichers 7 hineinragt. Der stirnseitige Kolbenansatz 38 bietet die Möglichkeit der Einspritzratenverlaufsformung dadurch, dass im Überdeckungsbereich des Kolbenansatzes 38 zum Bereich 39 des Druckspeichers 7 durch engere Passung, durch abgestufte Umfangskonturen oder dergleichen die Überströmverhältnisse vom Druckspeicherteil 25 auf den Druckspeicherteil 26 bei Verschiebung des Sperrkolbens 29 entgegen der Kraft der Stützfeder 30 wegabhängig variiert werden. Um die diesbezüglichen Einflussmöglichkeiten zu erweitern und weiter auch in der Sperrlage des Sperrkolbens 29 die Leckageverbindung zwischen dem Sperrkolben 29 und der Steuerstange 11 weitgehend zu unterbrechen, kann es zweckmäßig sein, den Sperrkolben 29 anstelle, oder ergänzend zum Kolbenansatz 38 mit einem flexiblen, insbesondere druckabhängig einschnürbaren Kragen 64 zu versehen.The locking piston 29 is with respect to its management tolerances to the injector 6, as well as optionally to the control rod 11 is formed so that in the period between successive injections, an amount of fuel from the control valve side pressure storage part 25 can pass to the nozzle-side pressure storage part 26, which corresponds to the respective regular injection quantity substantially and is below a predetermined threshold. Shown is the formation of the locking piston 29 on its side remote from the support spring 30 side with an end-side piston extension 38 in a diameter of the locking piston 29 in diameter reduced region 39 of the pressure accumulator 7 protrudes. The front-side piston extension 38 offers the possibility of injection rate development by the fact that in the overlap region of the piston extension 38 to the area 39 of the pressure accumulator 7 by tighter fit, by graduated circumferential contours or the like Überströmverhältnisse from pressure accumulator 25 to the pressure accumulator 26 with displacement of the locking piston 29 against the force of Support spring 30 are varied path-dependent. In order to expand the relevant influence possibilities and further in the locked position of the locking piston 29, the leakage connection between the locking piston 29 and the control rod 11 largely To interrupt, it may be expedient to provide the locking piston 29 instead of, or in addition to the piston shoulder 38 with a flexible, in particular pressure-dependent einschnürbaren collar 64.

Um für das Steuerventil 9 mit möglichst geringen Betätigungskräften auszukommen, gleichzeitig aber möglichst hohe Schaltgeschwindigkeiten zu erreichen, ist der Steuerkolben 17, wie die Fig. 3 und 4 zeigen, als Pilzkolben ausgebildet, das heißt mit einem sich kegelförmig erweiterndem Kopfteil 40, das über den Durchmesser 41 des Schaftes 42 auskragt. Dem kegelförmigen Kopfteil 40 entspricht seitens des Gehäuses 14 eine konische Aufnahme 43, und das Kopfteil 40 weist einerseits in Richtung auf den Aktuator 10 einen durch eine Dichtkante bestimmten dichtenden Durchmesser 44 gegen die überdeckende Abdeckplatte 15 und andererseits einen durch eine weitere Dichtkante bestimmten dichtenden Durchmesser 45 gegen das Gehäuse 14 im Bereich der konischen Aufnahme 43 aus. Die dichtenden Durchmesser 44 und 45 sind jeweils größer als der Durchmesser 41 des Schaftes 42, so dass sich in Richtung auf die jeweilige dichtende Anlage druckabhängig eine Stützkraft ergibt. Im Rahmen der Erfindung erweist es sich dabei als zweckmäßig, wenn die dichtenden Durchmesser 44 und 45 zwischen dem Kopfteil 40 und der Abdeckplatte 15 bzw. der gehäuseseitigen, konischen Aufnahme 43 vertauscht zur gezeigten Anordnung liegen, um die seitens des Aktuators 10 aufzubringenden Betätigungskräfte zu reduzieren.In order to manage for the control valve 9 with the lowest possible actuating forces, but at the same time to achieve the highest possible switching speeds, the control piston 17, as the Fig. 3 and 4 show, designed as a mushroom piston, that is, with a conically widening head portion 40, which projects beyond the diameter 41 of the shaft 42. The conical head part 40 corresponds on the part of the housing 14 has a conical receptacle 43, and the head part 40 has on the one hand in the direction of the actuator 10 is determined by a sealing edge sealing diameter 44 against the covering cover plate 15 and on the other hand determined by a further sealing edge sealing diameter 45th against the housing 14 in the region of the conical receptacle 43. The sealing diameters 44 and 45 are each larger than the diameter 41 of the shank 42, so that in the direction of the respective sealing abutment pressure-dependent results in a supporting force. In the context of the invention, it proves to be expedient if the sealing diameter 44 and 45 between the head part 40 and the cover plate 15 and the housing side, conical receptacle 43 are interchanged to the arrangement shown to reduce the actuation forces to be applied by the actuator 10 ,

Beim Umschaltvorgang mit Verlagerung des Steuerkolbens 17 aus seiner unteren, die Hochdruckverbindung zum Steuerraum 12 sperrenden Lage in die diese Hochdruckverbindung freigebende Lage, also bei Einspritzende durch Schließen der Einspritzöffnungen 36 über die Düsennadel 34, ergibt sich kurzzeitig eine Kurzschlussverbindung vom Druckspeicher 7 zur Niederdruckseite (Pfeil 23) mit entsprechender Umströmung des pilzförmigen Kopfteiles 40, das jeweils auf den dichtenden Durchmesser 43 bzw. 44 zulaufende, gegeneinander geneigte und in einer Dichtkante zusammenlaufende Flanken 46, 47; 48, 49 aufweist. Die Flanken 46, 47 schneiden sich im dichtenden Durchmesser 44, die Flanken 48, 49 im dichtenden Durchmesser 45. Die jeweils anströmseitige Flanke 46 bzw. 48 grenzt zur jeweiligen Gegenfläche 50, 51 auf den dichtenden Durchmesser 44 bzw. 45 zulaufend in Abhängigkeit von der Stellung des Steuerkolbens 17 einen sich verjüngenden Durchströmspalt ab, und in Abhängigkeit von der Spalthöhe ergeben sich - bezogen auf den Druck im ruhenden Medium - Druckabweichungen, entsprechend der Durchflussgeschwindigkeit in Richtung einer Unterdruckbildung.When switching operation with displacement of the control piston 17 from its lower, the high-pressure connection to the control chamber 12 blocking position in the high-pressure compound releasing position, ie at the end of injection by closing the injection ports 36 via the nozzle needle 34, there is a short-circuit connection from the accumulator 7 to the low pressure side (arrow 23) with corresponding flow around the mushroom-shaped Head portion 40, each on the sealing diameter 43 and 44 tapered, mutually inclined and converging in a sealing edge flanks 46, 47; 48, 49. The flanks 46, 47 intersect in the sealing diameter 44, the flanks 48, 49 in the sealing diameter 45. The respective inflow-side edge 46 and 48 adjoins the respective mating surface 50, 51 tapering to the sealing diameter 44 and 45, respectively Position of the control piston 17 from a tapered Durchströmspalt, and depending on the gap height arise - based on the pressure in the stationary medium - pressure deviations, corresponding to the flow rate in the direction of a negative pressure.

Dies wird bei der erfindungsgemäßen und gezeigten Lösung genutzt, um den Steuerkolben 17 bei Verlagerung in Richtung auf seine Anlage in dem oberen, dichtenden Durchmesser 44 unterstützend zu beaufschlagen; ergänzend zur Kraft der Feder 18 ergibt sich somit ein hydrodynamischer Unterstützungseffekt.This is used in the solution according to the invention and shown to assist the control piston 17 in displacement in the direction of its investment in the upper, sealing diameter 44 supportive; In addition to the force of the spring 18 thus results in a hydrodynamic support effect.

Im Sinne dieser Funktion sind die ringförmigen Flanken 48, 49 beiderseits des unteren, dichtenden Durchmessers 44 schmal und zur Gegenfläche 51 am Aufnahmekonus 43 nur flach geneigt, und es wird eine breitere äußere Flanke 46 zur Gegenfläche 50 angestrebt.For the purposes of this function, the annular flanks 48, 49 on both sides of the lower, sealing diameter 44 narrow and inclined to the counter surface 51 on the receiving cone 43 only flat, and it is a broader outer edge 46 sought to counter surface 50.

Hierdurch ergeben sich Kräfte in Verstellrichtung; aus dem Ausführungsbeispiel wird aber auch deutlich, dass auf hydrodynamischer Basis weitreichende Beeinflussungsmöglichkeiten gegeben sind, um über eine entsprechende Abstimmung die Stellbewegung des Steuerkolbens 17 zu beeinflussen, und insbesondere eine Hängenbleiben des Steuerkolbens 17 zu vermeiden.This results in forces in the adjustment; However, it is also clear from the exemplary embodiment that there are far-reaching influencing possibilities on a hydrodynamic basis in order to influence the adjusting movement of the control piston 17 via a corresponding tuning, and in particular to avoid the control piston 17 getting stuck.

Da sich ergänzend zur über die Feder 18 aufgebrachten Stellkraft hydrodynamische Stellkräfte ergeben, wird ein schnellerer Druckaufbau erreicht, so dass der Stellkolben 17 der Aufwärtsbewegung des Betätigungsstempels 16 ohne Verzug folgen kann, und dies ohne härtere Auslegung der Feder 18, die beim Umschalten des Steuerventiles 9 eine höhere Stellkraft des Aktuators 10 bedingen würde.Since hydrodynamic actuating forces result in addition to the force applied via the spring 18, a faster pressure build-up is achieved, so that the actuating piston 17 can follow the upward movement of the actuating ram 16 without distortion, and this without any harsher design of the spring 18, the switching valve 9 would require a higher actuating force of the actuator 10.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung führt somit zu einem im Aufbau verhältnismäßig einfachen Einspritzinjektor, bei dem sich insbesondere durch die Integration eines Druckspeichers in den Injektor nur geringe Druckschwingungen ergeben und bei dem auch nur Druckspitzen auftreten, die geringfügig über dem Systemdruck liegen, wobei zudem geringe Druckschwingungweiten erreicht werden. Dies ermöglicht hohe Systemdrücke.The solution according to the invention thus leads to a relatively simple injection injector, in which only small pressure oscillations result, in particular due to the integration of an accumulator into the injector, and in which only pressure peaks occur that are slightly above the system pressure, wherein, in addition, low pressure oscillation ranges are achieved , This allows high system pressures.

Zweckmäßige Winkelgrößen im Sinne der erfindungsgemäßen Beeinflussung der Stellbewegungen des Steuerkolbens 17 sind für den Konuswinkel 52 des Aufnahmekonus 43 beispielsweise 90°, beim einem Kegelwinkel 53 der im Zulauf auf den unteren, dichtenden Durchmesser 45 liegenden Flanke 48 von etwa 120° und einem Kegelwinkel 54 der im Ablauf von dem unteren dichtenden Durchmesser 55 liegenden Flanke 49 von etwa 80°, wobei andere Winkelgrößen bei vergleichbarem Verhältnis der Winkel zueinander durchaus im Rahmen der Erfindung liegen.Advantageous angular sizes in the sense of influencing the adjusting movements of the control piston 17 according to the invention are for the cone angle 52 of the receiving cone 43, for example, 90 °, at a cone angle 53 of lying in the inlet on the lower, sealing diameter 45 edge 48 of about 120 ° and a cone angle 54 of in the course of the lower sealing diameter 55 lying edge 49 of about 80 °, with other angular sizes with a comparable ratio of the angle to each other are within the scope of the invention.

Fig. 5 zeigt eine Gesamtdarstellung eines Einspritzinjektors 60, der in seinem Gesamtaufbau weitgehend dem Einspritzinjektor 1 gemäß Fig. 1 und 2 entspricht, weshalb auch die diesbezüglichen Bezugszeichen übernommen wurden und auf die Beschreibung zu Fig. 1 und 2 verwiesen wird. Abweichen von Fig. 1 und 2 ist der Einspritzinjektor 60 mit einem als Magnetsteller ausgebildeten Aktuator 10 versehen. Ferner liegt der Druckspeicherteil 26, der gegen den Druckspeicherteil 25 über das mengenbegrenzungsventil 28 abgegrenzt ist, weitgehend innerhalb eines an die Zwischenplatte 5 anschließenden, im Übergang zum Gehäuse 6 liegenden Einsatzstückes 61, das hülsenförmig ausgebildet ist und das über die Spannmutter 3 zusammen mit dem Düsenkörper 2, dem Übergangsteil 4 und der Zwischenplatte 5 verspannt ist. Die den Stellkolben 29 des Mengenbegrenzungsventils 28 abstützende Stützfeder 30 ist vom hülsenförmigen Einsatzstück 61 umschlossen und stützt sich gegen die Zwischenplatte 5 über einen hülsenförmigen Stücksockel ab, der mit 62 bezeichnet ist und der, ebenso wie die Stützfeder 30, die Steuerstange 11 umschließt. Die Anschlagbegrenzung für den Sperrkolben 29 erfolgt über das Einsatzstück 61, das einen in den Verschiebeweg des Sperrkolbens 29 eingreifenden Ringbund 63 aufweist. Der Ringbund 63 liegt an dem Gehäuse 6 zugewandten Ende des Einsatzstückes 61, und das Mengenbegrenzungsventil 28 liegt mit seinem Sperrkolben 29 nahe dem zum Einsatzstück 61 zugewandten Ende des Gehäuses 6. In den Funktionalitäten entsprechen sich die beiden Ausgestaltungen des Einspritzinjektors 1 oder 60 weitgehendst, so dass auf die bisherigen Ausführungen verwiesen werden kann. Fig. 5 shows an overall view of an injection injector 60, which in its overall construction largely according to the injection injector 1 Fig. 1 and 2 which is why the relevant reference signs have been adopted and to the description Fig. 1 and 2 is referenced. To deviate from Fig. 1 and 2 the injection injector 60 is provided with an actuator 10 designed as a magnetic actuator. Furthermore, the pressure storage part 26, which is delimited against the pressure storage part 25 via the quantity limiting valve 28, largely within a subsequent to the intermediate plate 5, lying in the transition to the housing 6 insert piece 61 which is sleeve-shaped and which is clamped on the clamping nut 3 together with the nozzle body 2, the transition part 4 and the intermediate plate 5. The actuator piston 29 of the flow control valve 28 supporting support spring 30 is enclosed by the sleeve-shaped insert 61 and is supported against the intermediate plate 5 via a sleeve-shaped piece base from which is designated 62 and, as well as the support spring 30, the control rod 11 surrounds. The stop limit for the locking piston 29 via the insert 61, which has an engaging in the displacement of the locking piston 29 annular collar 63. The annular collar 63 is located on the housing 6 facing the end of the insert piece 61, and the flow control valve 28 is located with its locking piston 29 near the insert 61 facing the end of the housing 6. In the functionalities, the two embodiments of the injection injector 1 or 60 largely, so that reference can be made to the previous statements.

Claims (17)

  1. Injector
    ○ having an actuator (10),
    ○ having a control chamber (12) which is supplied via a control valve (9) which is actuated by the actuator (10),
    ○ having a nozzle body (2) with at least one injection opening (36),
    ○ having a nozzle needle (34) which is guided in the nozzle body (2) and which is spring-loaded in the direction of its closed position with respect to the injection opening (36) and which can be adjusted, under the action of pressure, in the direction of its open position with respect to the injection opening,
    ○ having a pressure accumulator (7) which is situated between the control valve (9) and the nozzle body (2),
    ○ having a control rod (11) which extends between the control chamber (12) and the nozzle needle (34) and which extends through the pressure accumulator (7) and which, upon pressurization of the control chamber (12), acts on the nozzle needle (34) in the direction of its closed position, and
    ○ having a flow-limiting valve (28) which divides the pressure accumulator (7) into a control-chamber-side pressure accumulator part (25), which is adjacent to the control valve (9) and which is connected to a highpressure source, and a nozzle-side pressure accumulator part (26) which is open towards the nozzle body (2).
  2. Injector according to Claim 1,
    characterized
    in that the flow-limiting valve (28) has a blocking piston (29) which is longitudinally movable in the pressure accumulator (7) and relative to the control rod (11) and which is spring-loaded in the direction of the control-chamber-side pressure accumulator part (25).
  3. Injector according to Claim 1 or 2,
    characterized
    in that the blocking piston (29) of the flow-limiting valve (28) has an initial position which is spring-loaded in the direction of the control-chamber-side pressure accumulator part (25) and in which - as a blocking position - the passage cross section between the pressure accumulator parts is blocked in a sealing fashion.
  4. Injector according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
    characterized
    in that the blocking piston (29) forms a guide for the control rod (11).
  5. Injector according to one of Claims 1 to 4,
    characterized
    in that the blocking piston (29) can be moved, counter to its loading by means of a support spring (30), into a blocking position.
  6. Injector according to one of Claims 1 to 5,
    characterized
    in that the diameter of the blocking piston (29) is greater than the diameter of an end-side piston extension (38) which engages, in particular with a fit, into a section of the control-chamber-side pressure accumulator part.
  7. Injector according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that the spring (32) which loads the nozzle needle (34) in the direction of its closed position and the support spring (30) which supports the blocking piston (29) of the flow-limiting valve (28) in the opposite direction are supported against an intermediate plate (5) which is fixed with respect to the housing.
  8. Injector according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that the control rod (11) is connected to the nozzle needle (34) in a positionally fixed manner.
  9. Injector according to one of Claims 1 to 7,
    characterized
    in that the control rod (11) is of hollow design and is supported loosely, so as to be laterally movable, on the shank (33) of the nozzle needle (34).
  10. Injector according to Claim 8,
    characterized
    in that the control rod (11) is fixed to a shank (33) of the nozzle needle (34) by means of a stop sleeve (37) which limits the opening travel of the nozzle needle (34).
  11. Injector according to Claim 8 or 10,
    characterized
    in that the control rod (11) is detachably fixed in the stop sleeve (37) with a tight fit.
  12. Injector according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that the control valve (9) is embodied as a 3/2 directional control valve whose control piston (17) is spring loaded in the direction of its actuating position which opens up the connection from the pressure accumulator (7) to the control chamber (12).
  13. Injector according to Claim 12,
    characterized
    in that the control piston (14) of the control valve (9) can be acted on, by means of the actuator (10), in the direction of its position in which it blocks against the pressure accumulator.
  14. Injector according to Claim 12 or 13,
    characterized
    in that the control piston (14) of the control valve (9) is embodied as a mushroom-shaped piston which, in its blocking position, has a sealing diameter (44, 45) which differs from the diameter (45) of the holding guide bore.
  15. Injector according to Claim 14,
    characterized
    in that the sealing diameters (44, 45) of the control piston (17) are greater than the diameter (41) of the guide bore which holds the control piston (17).
  16. Injector according to one of Claims 12 to 15,
    characterized
    in that the control piston (17) is embodied as a mushroom-shaped piston which forms, tapering towards the edge, a flank (46) of a sealing gap which tapers in a wedge-shaped fashion in the overflow direction towards the respective sealing diameter (44).
  17. Injector according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that the blocking piston (29) is sealingly connected to the control rod (11) by means of a flexible collar (64) which can be constricted in a pressure-dependent fashion.
EP06818660A 2005-11-23 2006-11-20 Injector Not-in-force EP1952012B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005056133A DE102005056133A1 (en) 2005-11-23 2005-11-23 Injector for combustion engine, has actuator and control chamber whereby pressure reservoir is arranged between control valve and nozzle body
PCT/EP2006/011093 WO2007059906A1 (en) 2005-11-23 2006-11-20 Injector

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1952012A1 EP1952012A1 (en) 2008-08-06
EP1952012B1 true EP1952012B1 (en) 2009-07-01

Family

ID=37831493

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06818660A Not-in-force EP1952012B1 (en) 2005-11-23 2006-11-20 Injector

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1952012B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE435369T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102005056133A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2007059906A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007025050B3 (en) * 2007-05-29 2008-10-16 L'orange Gmbh High-pressure injection injector for internal combustion engines with a kinkload-increasing control rod support over high-pressure fuel
AT512277B1 (en) * 2012-04-10 2013-07-15 Bosch Gmbh Robert Injector of a modular common rail fuel injection system with flow restrictor
GB2559560B (en) * 2017-02-08 2020-06-17 Delphi Tech Ip Ltd Control valve arrangement for a dual fuel injector

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1232026B (en) * 1989-02-28 1992-01-23 Weber Srl ELECTRIC MAGNETIC FUEL INJECTION DEVICE FOR DIESEL CYCLE ENGINES
JPH0466742A (en) * 1990-07-05 1992-03-03 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Idling control device of high-pressure fuel injection type engine
EP0824190B1 (en) * 1992-12-23 2002-03-06 Ganser-Hydromag Ag Fuel injection valve
EP0641931A1 (en) * 1993-09-06 1995-03-08 Servojet Electronic Systems, Ltd. Accumulator fuel injection system
DE4340305C2 (en) * 1993-11-26 1998-02-19 Daimler Benz Ag Fuel injection nozzle for an internal combustion engine
JPH07332200A (en) * 1994-06-08 1995-12-22 Hino Motors Ltd Fuel injection device for diesel engine
DE19640085C2 (en) * 1996-09-28 2001-10-25 Orange Gmbh Stop valve to limit the flow rate
DE19647304C1 (en) * 1996-11-15 1998-01-22 Daimler Benz Ag Fuel injector for internal combustion engine
DE10147830B4 (en) * 2001-09-27 2008-05-08 L'orange Gmbh fuel injector
DE10155973A1 (en) * 2001-11-14 2003-05-22 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine
DE10210282A1 (en) * 2002-03-08 2003-09-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Device for injecting fuel into stationary internal combustion engines
JP4019934B2 (en) * 2002-12-26 2007-12-12 株式会社デンソー Control valve and fuel injection valve
FI117643B (en) * 2003-01-15 2006-12-29 Waertsilae Finland Oy Arrangements at fuel injection plant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1952012A1 (en) 2008-08-06
DE102005056133A1 (en) 2007-05-24
ATE435369T1 (en) 2009-07-15
DE502006004149D1 (en) 2009-08-13
WO2007059906A1 (en) 2007-05-31

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