EP1920103B1 - Method and apparatus for drying a piece of textile - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for drying a piece of textile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1920103B1
EP1920103B1 EP06763871.8A EP06763871A EP1920103B1 EP 1920103 B1 EP1920103 B1 EP 1920103B1 EP 06763871 A EP06763871 A EP 06763871A EP 1920103 B1 EP1920103 B1 EP 1920103B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air flow
textile
piece
oscillating
moisture
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EP06763871.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1920103A1 (en
Inventor
Henrik Volkers
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BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F58/00—Domestic laundry dryers
    • D06F58/32—Control of operations performed in domestic laundry dryers 
    • D06F58/34—Control of operations performed in domestic laundry dryers  characterised by the purpose or target of the control
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B15/00—Removing liquids, gases or vapours from textile materials in association with treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B15/00—Removing liquids, gases or vapours from textile materials in association with treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours
    • D06B15/06—Removing liquids, gases or vapours from textile materials in association with treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours by vibrating the textile material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/02—Characteristics of laundry or load
    • D06F2103/08—Humidity
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2105/00—Systems or parameters controlled or affected by the control systems of washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2105/28—Electric heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for drying a textile piece with a semi-permeable membrane, wherein the textile piece is acted upon by an air stream for removing moisture, wherein a partial pressure of water vapor in the air stream by corresponding oscillating heating of the air stream or by oscillating condensing out of moisture from the air stream is varied and the textile piece acting on the air stream has an oscillating partial pressure of water vapor, and an apparatus for carrying out this method for drying a textile piece.
  • a method for drying a textile piece and and an apparatus for carrying out this method are apparent from the EP 1 321 562 A2 . Accordingly, a method and apparatus are attuned to a problem that a cotton fabric tends to shrink when dried in a conventional clothes dryer when it is dried at a comparatively high temperature. Accordingly, gem. of the EP1 321 562 A2 provided that this process of drying takes place at a reduced temperature compared to an initial temperature when the moisture to be determined with a corresponding sensor of the textile piece to be dried falls below a predetermined point.
  • the relevant thermodynamic laws imply that a reduction in the temperature in a water vapor-containing air stream implies a reduction in a partial pressure of water vapor in that air stream EP 1 321 562 A2 contains no statement or teaching in this regard.
  • An automatic tumble dryer comes out of the U.S. Patent 4,763,425 ,
  • this dryer is a regulation of the temperature at which moist laundry is dried, depending on the type of textile laundry and the desired degree of drying of the laundry.
  • the control of this temperature is effected by switching on and off of an electrical heating element, wherein the temperature for the duration of the drying process with a small, in particular plus or minus 5 degrees Fahrenheit (3 Kelvin) amount, constant deviation is kept constant.
  • Layered textile material which is equipped with a so-called functional membrane, which is a semi-permeable membrane which is permeable to water vapor, but not to liquid water, is widely used for sports, rain and winter clothing. Because this material has particularly favorable performance properties.
  • functional membranes are marketed under the brand names GoreTEX and Sympatex. Such material is basically to wash or clean without specific precautions to protect the functional membrane, however, there is a problem when drying a wet piece of textile of this type in a conventional clothes dryer: The fact that liquid water can not penetrate such a functional membrane, it is not possible to evenly dry such a piece of fabric in a conventional drying process.
  • Moisture shielded by the functional membrane from the airflow used for drying can not pass as moisture to the airflow, but must be vaporized to pass through the functional membrane and into the airflow.
  • the conventional drying process thus functions only to a limited extent and at significantly increased expenditure of time on a textile membrane having a functional membrane. Accordingly, the invention to be described below is based on the object to provide a generic method and a generic device with which circumvents the problem described above and a quick and gentle drying of a semipermeable membrane having textile piece can be achieved.
  • a method for drying a piece of fabric with a semi-permeable membrane wherein the textile piece is acted upon by an air stream for removing moisture, wherein a partial pressure of water vapor in the air flow by corresponding oscillating heating of the air flow or by oscillating condensing out of moisture is varied from the air flow and the fabric piece acting on the air stream has an oscillating partial pressure of water vapor, and above the membrane, a partial pressure gradient, which is sufficient to drive water vapor through the membrane is generated.
  • the invention is based on the recognition that it is necessary in addition to the creation of an adapted temperature and adapted flow conditions for drying a piece of textile with a semi-permeable membrane to ensure the generation of the highest possible gradient of the partial pressure of water vapor over the semipermeable membrane, so that the Moisture shielded by the semipermeable membrane is vaporized in the fabric and forced through the membrane becomes.
  • the invention is further based on the finding that such a partial pressure gradient is not achievable with a steady state of equilibrium, as always achieves in the context of a conventional drying process. Accordingly, the invention provides to selectively vary the partial pressure of water vapor in the air flow flowing around the textile piece.
  • the partial pressure during the drying process oscillates, that is relatively fast compared to the duration of the process as a whole, is varied.
  • the moisture in the fabric is heated to evaporate and thus be prepared for passage through the semipermeable membrane.
  • the vaporized moisture is forced through the membrane.
  • the oscillating partial pressure is caused by an oscillating temperature in the air flow;
  • a heating device for the air flow is provided, which is set up for a corresponding oscillating, in particular cyclically switching on and off, heating of the air flow.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment requires that the heater, in particular by a correspondingly configured control device, alternately turned on and off, each period of switching off between 100 and 200 s, in particular between 120 and 180 s, lasts.
  • each period of switching off takes about 180 s. It is particularly important to cause a significant fluctuation of the partial pressure of water in the air flow by the alternating switching on and off of the heater in order to achieve the desired disturbance of the flow equilibrium on the semipermeable membrane.
  • a preferred embodiment with respect to the variable temperature to be set in the air flow requires that the temperature oscillate with an amplitude of at least 10 Kelvin, in particular approximately 20 Kelvin.
  • the desired disturbance of the flow equilibrium on a semipermeable membrane can be achieved well and expediently.
  • the prior art knows already oscillating heaters and oscillating temperatures; However, such oscillations are apparative, in particular due to strict conditions in terms of permissible for a marketable product effort.
  • the textile piece is moved in the air stream, for example by a rotating drum, in which the textile piece is introduced. In this way, a particularly uniform and thus fast and gentle drying of the textile piece is achieved.
  • This circuit comprises, in particular, a fan for driving the air flow, a condenser for condensing out moisture, and a heater for heating the air flow after it has been freed of condensed moisture in the condenser. From the heater, the air flow back into the treatment room and from there to the condenser, the placement of the fan can basically be done at any point in the cycle.
  • the adjustment of the oscillating partial pressure of water vapor in the air stream can also take place in such a way that the condensation out of moisture from the air stream takes place in an oscillating manner after the textile piece has been acted upon.
  • This is accomplished in the device, in particular, by virtue of the fact that the circuit has a correspondingly configured capacitor which can be controlled by the control device.
  • Such control can be accomplished by controlling heat removal from the condenser.
  • the condensing performance can be controlled by controlling the supply of ambient air for heat exchange.
  • the apparatus is preferably adapted to simultaneously dry a plurality of pieces of fabric.
  • control means offers a user a plurality of methods for drying a piece of fabric for selection, one of these methods being designed in the manner just described and being offered for drying a piece of textile which has a layered finish Having structure with a semi-permeable membrane.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 Let it be assumed that the drying of a piece of fabric is started at a time zero. How out Fig. 2 As can be seen, an air flow used for this purpose is strongly and largely continuously heated - this is shown in the lower curve designated by the letter P, so that the temperature rises rapidly and continuously to a predetermined value - see the curve designated by the letter T. Later in the process, the temperature T reaches a certain threshold, whereupon the heating power is reduced to keep the air flow at a substantially constant temperature. After completion of the drying, which is determined by means of a suitable sensor which determines the remaining moisture content of the dried textile pieces, the heating is turned off and the temperature T drops to a value corresponding to an ambient temperature. This completes the process.
  • Fig. 3 shows a sketch of a device for drying a textile piece 1.
  • this is in a rotating drum 2 in a treatment room is interspersed by a symbolized by arrows with solid lines airflow.
  • This has a suitable high temperature to dissipate moisture from the textile piece 1.
  • the air flow is driven by a fan 3, which in turn is driven by a motor 4. From the blower 3, the air flow passes to a condenser 5, in which the air flow is cooled and a part of the moisture contained in it is condensed out.
  • the condensed moisture is fed to a collecting vessel 6 and disposed of after use of the device.
  • the cooled and freed of moisture air flow reaches a heater 7, where it is heated to the desired temperature for the treatment of the textile piece 1 again. From the heater 7, the air flow passes back to the drum 2 and the textile piece 1.
  • a correspondingly programmed control device 8 is provided.
  • the control device 8 controls the drum 2, the blower 3, the condenser 5 and the heater 7. It is designed and arranged to generate an oscillating partial pressure of water vapor in the air stream applied to the textile piece. For this purpose, it accesses the heating device 7 and / or the capacitor 5.
  • the apparatus offers a user a variety of methods of drying a garment for selection.
  • the selection is made by means of a knob 9, to which a corresponding scale 10 is attached.
  • Fig. 4 shows a sketch of a textile piece 1 with a layered structure.
  • a semipermeable membrane 13 is inserted between an upper textile layer 11 and a lower textile layer 12.
  • This semipermeable membrane 13 may be provided as an independent component or as a layer on a suitable carrier material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Trocknen eines Textilstücks mit einer semipermeablen Membran, wobei das Textilstück von einem Luftstrom zur Abführung von Feuchte beaufschlagt wird, wobei ein Partialdruck von Wasserdampf in dem Luftstrom durch entsprechende oszillierende Beheizung des Luftstroms oder durch oszillierendes Auskondensieren von Feuchte aus dem Luftstrom variiert wird und der das Textilstück beaufschlagende Luftstrom einen oszillierenden Partialdruck an Wasserdampf aufweist, und eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens zum Trocknen eines Textilstücks.The invention relates to a method for drying a textile piece with a semi-permeable membrane, wherein the textile piece is acted upon by an air stream for removing moisture, wherein a partial pressure of water vapor in the air stream by corresponding oscillating heating of the air stream or by oscillating condensing out of moisture from the air stream is varied and the textile piece acting on the air stream has an oscillating partial pressure of water vapor, and an apparatus for carrying out this method for drying a textile piece.

Aus dem US-Patent 4,713 894 gehen ein solches Verfahren und eine solche Vorrichtung hervor.From the U.S. Patent 4,713,894 such a method and apparatus result.

Ein Verfahren zum Trocknen eines Textilstücks und und eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens gehen hervor aus der EP 1 321 562 A2 . Demgemäß sind ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung abgestimmt auf ein Problem, wonach ein Textilstück aus Baumwolle beim Trocknen in einen üblichen Wäschetrockner zum Einlaufen neigt, wenn es bei vergleichsweise hoher Temperatur getrocknet wird. Dementsprechend ist gem. der EP1 321 562 A2 vorgesehen, dass dieser Vorgang des Trocknens bei einer gegenüber einer Anfangstemperatur reduzierten Temperatur erfolgt, wenn die mit einem entsprechenden Sensor zu bestimmende Feuchtigkeit des zu trocknenden Textilstücks eine vorgegebene Stelle unterschreitet. Die maßgeblichen thermodynamischen Gesetzmäßigkeiten bedingen, dass eine Reduzierung der Temperatur in einem Wasserdampf enthaltenen Luftstrom eine Reduzierung eines Partialdrucks von Wasserdampf in diesem Luftstrom impliziert, wobei die EP 1 321 562 A2 keine diesbezügliche Feststellung oder Lehre enthält.A method for drying a textile piece and and an apparatus for carrying out this method are apparent from the EP 1 321 562 A2 , Accordingly, a method and apparatus are attuned to a problem that a cotton fabric tends to shrink when dried in a conventional clothes dryer when it is dried at a comparatively high temperature. Accordingly, gem. of the EP1 321 562 A2 provided that this process of drying takes place at a reduced temperature compared to an initial temperature when the moisture to be determined with a corresponding sensor of the textile piece to be dried falls below a predetermined point. The relevant thermodynamic laws imply that a reduction in the temperature in a water vapor-containing air stream implies a reduction in a partial pressure of water vapor in that air stream EP 1 321 562 A2 contains no statement or teaching in this regard.

Hinweise zum Aufbau und zum Betrieb einer Vorrichtung zum Trocknen eines Textilstücks, wie sie in einem herkömmlichen Wäschetrockner verkörpert ist, geht hervor aus der EP 1 321 562 A2 und der EP 1 321 563 A2 . Die Offenbarung dieser Schriften ist dementsprechend der vorliegenden Offenbarung in vollem Umfang zuzurechnen.Notes on the construction and operation of a device for drying a piece of fabric, as embodied in a conventional clothes dryer, it is apparent from the EP 1 321 562 A2 and the EP 1 321 563 A2 , The disclosure of these documents is accordingly to be fully attributed to the present disclosure.

Ein automatischer Wäschetrockner geht hervor aus dem US-Patent 4,763,425 . Bei diesem Wäschetrockner erfolgt eine Regelung der Temperatur, bei der feuchtes Wäschegut getrocknet wird, in Abhängigkeit von der Textilart des Wäschegutes und dem gewünschten Trocknungsgrad des Wäschegutes. Die Steuerung dieser Temperatur erfolgt durch Ein- und Ausschalten eines elektrischen Heizelementes, wobei die Temperatur für die Dauer des Trocknungsprozesses mit einer geringen, insbesondere plus oder minus 5 Grad Fahrenheit (3 Kelvin) betragenden, Abweichung konstant gehalten wird.An automatic tumble dryer comes out of the U.S. Patent 4,763,425 , In this dryer is a regulation of the temperature at which moist laundry is dried, depending on the type of textile laundry and the desired degree of drying of the laundry. The control of this temperature is effected by switching on and off of an electrical heating element, wherein the temperature for the duration of the drying process with a small, in particular plus or minus 5 degrees Fahrenheit (3 Kelvin) amount, constant deviation is kept constant.

Weiter ist ein automatischer Wäschetrockner aus dem US-Patent 4,713,894 bekannt. Bei einem solchen Wäschetrockner wird ein zu trocknendes Textilstück von einem Luftstrom zur Abführung von Feuchte beaufschlagt, wobei mittels Ein- und Ausschalten einer Heizeinrichtung ein im das Textilstück beaufschlagenden Luftstrom oszillierender Partialdruck erzeugt wird. Der Wäschetrockner nach US 4,713,894 variiert dazu die Temperatur des Luftstroms zwischen 96,11 °C und 101,67 °C (Differenz 5,56 Kelvin).Next is an automatic clothes dryer from the U.S. Patent 4,713,894 known. In such a dryer, a textile piece to be dried is acted upon by an air flow for the removal of moisture, wherein by means of switching on and off a heating means in the textile piece acting on an air flow oscillating partial pressure is generated. The tumble dryer after US 4,713,894 In addition, the temperature of the air flow varies between 96.11 ° C and 101.67 ° C (difference 5.56 Kelvin).

Geschichtet aufgebautes Textilmaterial, welches mit einer so genannten Funktionsmembran ausgerüstet ist, wobei es sich dabei um eine semipermeable Membran handelt, welche zwar für Wasserdampf, nicht jedoch für flüssiges Wasser durchlässig ist, wird in großem Umfang für Sport-, Regen- und Winterbekleidung verwendet, da dieses Material besonders günstige Gebrauchseigenschaften besitzt. Solche Funktionsmembranen werden unter den Markennamen GoreTEX und Sympatex vermarktet. Solches Material ist grundsätzlich ohne spezifische Vorkehrungen zum Schutz der Funktionsmembran zu waschen oder zu reinigen, allerdings ergibt sich beim Trocknen eines feuchten Textilstücks dieser Art in einem herkömmlichen Wäschetrockner ein Problem: Dadurch, dass flüssiges Wasser eine solche Funktionsmembran nicht durchdringen kann, ist es nicht möglich, ein solches Textilstück in einem herkömmlichen Trocknungsprozess gleichmäßig zu trocknen. Feuchte, die durch die Funktionsmembran von dem zur Trocknung eingesetzten Luftstrom abgeschirmt ist, kann nicht als Feuchte zu dem Luftstrom gelangen, sondern muss verdampft werden, damit sie durch die Funktionsmembran hindurch und zu dem Luftstrom gelangen kann. Der herkömmliche Trocknungsprozess funktioniert somit nur eingeschränkt und bei deutlich erhöhtem Zeitaufwand an einem eines Funktionsmembran aufweisenden Textilstück. Dementsprechend geht die nachfolgend zu beschreibende Erfindung aus von der Aufgabe, ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren und eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung anzugeben, mit denen das vorstehend beschriebene Problem umgangen und eine schnelle und schonende Trocknung eines eine semipermeable Membran aufweisenden Textilstücks erreicht werden kann.Layered textile material, which is equipped with a so-called functional membrane, which is a semi-permeable membrane which is permeable to water vapor, but not to liquid water, is widely used for sports, rain and winter clothing. because this material has particularly favorable performance properties. Such functional membranes are marketed under the brand names GoreTEX and Sympatex. Such material is basically to wash or clean without specific precautions to protect the functional membrane, however, there is a problem when drying a wet piece of textile of this type in a conventional clothes dryer: The fact that liquid water can not penetrate such a functional membrane, it is not possible to evenly dry such a piece of fabric in a conventional drying process. Moisture shielded by the functional membrane from the airflow used for drying can not pass as moisture to the airflow, but must be vaporized to pass through the functional membrane and into the airflow. The conventional drying process thus functions only to a limited extent and at significantly increased expenditure of time on a textile membrane having a functional membrane. Accordingly, the invention to be described below is based on the object to provide a generic method and a generic device with which circumvents the problem described above and a quick and gentle drying of a semipermeable membrane having textile piece can be achieved.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe angegeben wird ein Verfahren zum Trocknen eines Textilstücks mit einer semipermeablen Membran, wobei das Textilstück von einem Luftstrom zur Abführung von Feuchte beaufschlagt wird, wobei ein Partialdruck von Wasserdampf in dem Luftstrom durch entsprechende oszillierende Beheizung des Luftstroms oder durch oszillierendes Auskondensieren von Feuchte aus dem Luftstrom variiert wird und der das Textilstück beaufschlagende Luftstrom einen oszillierenden Partialdruck an Wasserdampf aufweist, und über der Membran ein Partialdruckgefälle, welches ausreicht, um Wasserdampf durch die Membran zu treiben, erzeugt wird.To solve this problem, a method for drying a piece of fabric with a semi-permeable membrane, wherein the textile piece is acted upon by an air stream for removing moisture, wherein a partial pressure of water vapor in the air flow by corresponding oscillating heating of the air flow or by oscillating condensing out of moisture is varied from the air flow and the fabric piece acting on the air stream has an oscillating partial pressure of water vapor, and above the membrane, a partial pressure gradient, which is sufficient to drive water vapor through the membrane is generated.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe angegeben wird ebenfalls eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens zum Trocknen eines Textilstücks mit einer semipermeablen Membran, umfassend

  1. a) einen Behandlungsraum zum Aufnehmen des Textilstücks;
  2. b) Mittel zur Erzeugung eines Luftstroms zum Abführen von Feuchte aus dem Textilstück, wobei der Luftstrom durch entsprechende oszillierende Beheizung des Luftstroms oder durch oszillierendes Auskondensieren von Feuchte aus dem Luftstrom einen variablen Partialdruck von Wasserdampf aufweist;
  3. c) eine Steuereinrichtung, welche zum Erzeugen eines in dem Luftstrom oszillierenden Partialdrucks von Wasserdampf und zum Erzeugen eines über der Membran einstellenden Partialdruckgefälles, welches ausreicht, um Wasserdampf durch die Membran zu treiben, eingerichtet ist..
To solve this problem, there is also provided an apparatus for carrying out this method of drying a textile article having a semipermeable membrane
  1. a) a treatment room for receiving the textile piece;
  2. b) means for generating an air flow for removing moisture from the textile piece, the air flow having a variable partial pressure of water vapor by corresponding oscillating heating of the air flow or by oscillating condensing out of moisture from the air flow;
  3. c) a control device, which is designed to generate a oscillating in the air flow partial pressure of water vapor and for generating a settling over the membrane Partialdruckgefälles, which is sufficient to drive water vapor through the membrane ..

Die Erfindung geht aus von der Erkenntnis, dass es neben der Schaffung einer angepassten Temperatur und angepasster Strömungsbedingungen zur Trocknung eines Textilstücks mit einer semipermeablen Membran notwendig ist, auf die Erzeugung eines möglichst hohen Gefälles des Partialdrucks an Wasserdampf über der semipermeablen Membran zu achten, damit die von der semipermeablen Membran abgeschirmte Feuchtigkeit in dem Textilstück verdampft und durch die Membran hindurch getrieben wird. Die Erfindung geht weiter aus von der Erkenntnis, dass ein solches Partialdruckgefälle nicht bei einem Fließgleichgewicht, wie es sich im Rahmen eines herkömmlichen Trocknungsprozesses stets einstellt, erreichbar ist. Dementsprechend sieht die Erfindung vor, den Partialdruck von Wasserdampf in dem das Textilstück umströmenden Luftstrom gezielt zu variieren. Dies erfolgt, indem der Partialdruck während des Trocknungsprozesses oszilliert, dass heißt relativ schnell im Vergleich zur Dauer des Prozesses insgesamt, variiert wird. Bei hohem Partialdruck und entsprechend hoher Temperatur wird die Feuchtigkeit in dem Textilstück aufgeheizt, damit sie verdampft und so zum Durchtritt durch die semipermeable Membran vorbereitet wird. Bei niedrigem Partialdruck in dem Luftstrom und gegebenenfalls entsprechend niedriger Temperatur wird die verdampfte Feuchte durch die Membran getrieben. Die Erfindung ermöglicht demnach eine vergleichsweise schnelle Trocknung eines Textilstücks mit einer semipermeablen Membran bei mäßiger Temperaturbelastung.The invention is based on the recognition that it is necessary in addition to the creation of an adapted temperature and adapted flow conditions for drying a piece of textile with a semi-permeable membrane to ensure the generation of the highest possible gradient of the partial pressure of water vapor over the semipermeable membrane, so that the Moisture shielded by the semipermeable membrane is vaporized in the fabric and forced through the membrane becomes. The invention is further based on the finding that such a partial pressure gradient is not achievable with a steady state of equilibrium, as always achieves in the context of a conventional drying process. Accordingly, the invention provides to selectively vary the partial pressure of water vapor in the air flow flowing around the textile piece. This is done by the partial pressure during the drying process oscillates, that is relatively fast compared to the duration of the process as a whole, is varied. At high partial pressure and correspondingly high temperature, the moisture in the fabric is heated to evaporate and thus be prepared for passage through the semipermeable membrane. At low partial pressure in the air stream and optionally correspondingly low temperature, the vaporized moisture is forced through the membrane. The invention thus enables a relatively fast drying of a textile piece with a semi-permeable membrane under moderate temperature load.

Die nachfolgend zu beschreibenden bevorzugten Ausgestaltungen betreffen das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung gleichermaßen.The preferred embodiments to be described below relate equally to the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention.

Vorzugsweise wird der oszillierende Partialdruck durch eine oszillierende Temperatur im Luftstrom bewirkt; in der entsprechenden Vorrichtung ist dazu insbesondere eine Heizeinrichtung für den Luftstrom vorgesehen, welche für eine entsprechende oszillierende, insbesondere zyklisch ein- und ausschaltende, Beheizung des Luftstroms eingerichtet ist.Preferably, the oscillating partial pressure is caused by an oscillating temperature in the air flow; In the corresponding device, in particular, a heating device for the air flow is provided, which is set up for a corresponding oscillating, in particular cyclically switching on and off, heating of the air flow.

Eine dabei besonders bevorzugte Ausgestaltung erfordert, dass die Heizung, insbesondere durch eine entsprechend eingerichtete Steuereinrichtung, abwechselnd eingeschaltet und ausgeschaltet wird, wobei jede Periode eines Ausschaltens zwischen 100 und 200 s, insbesondere zwischen 120 und 180 s, dauert. Dabei ist insbesondere vorgesehen, dass zum Trocknen eines einzelnen Textilstücks mit einer semipermeablen Membran jede Periode des Ausschaltens etwa 180 s dauert. Es kommt vor allem darauf an, durch das abwechselnde Ein- und Ausschalten der Heizung eine deutliche Schwankung des Partialdrucks von Wasser in dem Luftstrom zu bewirken, um an der semipermeablen Membran die gewünschte Störung des Fließgleichgewichtes zu erreichen.A particularly preferred embodiment requires that the heater, in particular by a correspondingly configured control device, alternately turned on and off, each period of switching off between 100 and 200 s, in particular between 120 and 180 s, lasts. In this case, it is provided in particular that to dry a single textile piece with a semi-permeable membrane, each period of switching off takes about 180 s. It is particularly important to cause a significant fluctuation of the partial pressure of water in the air flow by the alternating switching on and off of the heater in order to achieve the desired disturbance of the flow equilibrium on the semipermeable membrane.

Eine in Bezug auf die im Luftstrom einzustellende variable Temperatur bevorzugte Ausgestaltung erfordert, dass die Temperatur mit einer Amplitude von zumindest 10 Kelvin, insbesondere etwa 20 Kelvin, oszilliert. Damit ist die gewünschte Störung des Fließgleichgewichtes an einer semipermeablen Membran gut und zweckmäßig zu erreichen. Es ist denkbar und vorteilhaft, das Verfahren über eine entsprechend eingerichtete und gegebenenfalls mit entsprechender, an sich bekannter Sensorik ausgestattete Steuereinrichtung zu regeln. Es wird bemerkt, dass auch der Stand der Technik bereits oszillierend betriebene Heizeinrichtungen und oszillierende Temperaturen kennt; allerdings sind solche Oszillationen apparativ, insbesondere durch strenge Auflagen hinsichtlich des für ein vermarktungsfähiges Produkt zulässigen Aufwandes bedingt. Diese Oszillationen sind von einem funktionellen Standpunkt aus grundsätzlich unvorteilhaft, da sie den Eintrag von Energie in den Trocknungsprozess verzögern und damit den Trocknungsprozess verlängern, und werden im Sinne des Standes der Technik immer so gering wie nur möglich gehalten. Dieses Paradigma ist erfindungsgemäß überwunden worden, um für Textilien mit Funktionsmembranen einen zweckmäßigen und schnellen Trocknungsprozess zu schaffen.A preferred embodiment with respect to the variable temperature to be set in the air flow requires that the temperature oscillate with an amplitude of at least 10 Kelvin, in particular approximately 20 Kelvin. Thus, the desired disturbance of the flow equilibrium on a semipermeable membrane can be achieved well and expediently. It is conceivable and advantageous to regulate the method by means of a correspondingly configured control device, which may be equipped with appropriate sensors known per se. It is noted that the prior art knows already oscillating heaters and oscillating temperatures; However, such oscillations are apparative, in particular due to strict conditions in terms of permissible for a marketable product effort. These oscillations are fundamentally unfavorable from a functional point of view, since they retard the introduction of energy into the drying process, thus prolonging the drying process, and are always kept as low as possible within the meaning of the prior art. This paradigm has been overcome according to the invention to provide a functional and rapid drying process for textiles with functional membranes.

Bevorzugt ist es auch, dass das Textilstück in dem Luftstrom bewegt wird, beispielsweise durch eine rotierende Trommel, in welche das Textilstück eingebracht ist. Auf diese Weise wird eine besonders gleichmäßige und damit schnelle und schonende Trocknung des Textilstücks erreicht.It is also preferred that the textile piece is moved in the air stream, for example by a rotating drum, in which the textile piece is introduced. In this way, a particularly uniform and thus fast and gentle drying of the textile piece is achieved.

Bevorzugt ist es weiterhin, den Luftstrom in einem Kreislauf zu führen, zu welchem Zweck die Vorrichtung als Wäschetrockner des Kondensationstyps ausgelegt ist. Dieser Kreislauf umfasst insbesondere ein Gebläse zum Antreiben des Luftstroms, einen Kondensator zum Auskondensieren von Feuchte und eine Heizeinrichtung zum Beheizen des Luftstroms, nachdem dieser in dem Kondensator von auskondensierter Feuchte befreit wurde. Aus der Heizeinrichtung gelangt der Luftstrom wieder in den Behandlungsraum und von dort zum Kondensator, wobei die Platzierung des Gebläses grundsätzlich an beliebiger Stelle im Kreislauf erfolgen kann.It is also preferable to guide the air flow in a circuit, for which purpose the device is designed as a clothes dryer of the condensation type. This circuit comprises, in particular, a fan for driving the air flow, a condenser for condensing out moisture, and a heater for heating the air flow after it has been freed of condensed moisture in the condenser. From the heater, the air flow back into the treatment room and from there to the condenser, the placement of the fan can basically be done at any point in the cycle.

Die Einstellung des oszillierenden Partialdrucks an Wasserdampf in dem Luftstrom kann auch derart erfolgen, dass das Auskondensieren von Feuchte aus dem Luftstrom nach dem Beaufschlagen des Textilstücks in oszillierender Weise erfolgt. Dies wird in der Vorrichtung insbesondere dadurch bewerkstelligt, dass der Kreislauf einen entsprechend eingerichteten und durch die Steuereinrichtung entsprechend steuerbaren Kondensator aufweist. Solches Steuern kann erfolgen durch Steuerung der Wärmeabfuhr aus dem Kondensator. Bei einem Kondensator, der als Wärmeaustauschmedium Umgebungsluft verwendet, kann die Kondensationsleistung gesteuert werden über die Steuerung der Zufuhr an Umgebungsluft für den Wärmeaustausch.The adjustment of the oscillating partial pressure of water vapor in the air stream can also take place in such a way that the condensation out of moisture from the air stream takes place in an oscillating manner after the textile piece has been acted upon. This is accomplished in the device, in particular, by virtue of the fact that the circuit has a correspondingly configured capacitor which can be controlled by the control device. Such control can be accomplished by controlling heat removal from the condenser. In a condenser that uses ambient air as the heat exchange medium, the condensing performance can be controlled by controlling the supply of ambient air for heat exchange.

Die Vorrichtung ist vorzugsweise eingerichtet zum gleichzeitigen Trocknen einer Vielzahl von Textilstücken.The apparatus is preferably adapted to simultaneously dry a plurality of pieces of fabric.

Anwendung des Verfahrens und Bestimmung der Vorrichtung erfolgen vorzugsweise für ein Textilstück, welches einen geschichteten Aufbau mit einer semipermeablen Membran aufweist. Die Vorrichtung ist in diesem Zusammenhang mit besonderem Vorzug derart ausgestaltet, dass die Steuereinrichtung einem Benutzer eine Mehrzahl von Verfahren zum Trocknen eines Textilstücks zur Auswahl anbietet, wobei eines dieser Verfahren gestaltet ist in soeben beschriebener Weise und angeboten wird zur Trocknung eines Textilstücks, welches einen geschichtetem Aufbau mit einer semipermeablen Membran aufweist.Application of the method and determination of the device are preferably carried out for a textile piece which has a layered structure with a semipermeable membrane. The apparatus in this context is particularly preferably designed such that the control means offers a user a plurality of methods for drying a piece of fabric for selection, one of these methods being designed in the manner just described and being offered for drying a piece of textile which has a layered finish Having structure with a semi-permeable membrane.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen erläutert.Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawings.

Im Einzelnen zeigen:

Fig. 1 und 2:
Verläufe von Temperatur- und Heizleistung in einem Verfahren zum Trocknen eines Textilstücks gemäß hier offenbarter bzw. herkömmlicher Lehre;
Fig. 3:
eine Skizze einer Vorrichtung zur Ausführung des hier offenbarten Verfahrens;
Fig. 4:
eine Skizze eines Textilstücks mit geschichtetem Aufbau und einer semipermeablen Membran.
In detail show:
1 and 2:
Characteristics of temperature and heating performance in a method of drying a piece of textile according to teachings disclosed herein;
3:
a sketch of an apparatus for carrying out the method disclosed herein;
4:
a sketch of a textile piece with layered structure and a semipermeable membrane.

Zu Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 sei angenommen, dass zu einem zeitlichen Nullpunkt das Trocknen eines Textilstücks begonnen wird. Wie aus Fig. 2 erkennbar, wird ein dazu eingesetzter Luftstrom stark und weitestgehend kontinuierlich beheizt - dies ist in der mit dem Buchstaben P bezeichneten unteren Kurve dargestellt, so dass die Temperatur schnell und kontinuierlich auf einem vorgegebenen Wert ansteigt - siehe die mit dem Buchstaben T bezeichnete Kurve. Im späteren Verlauf des Prozesses erreicht die Temperatur T einen bestimmten Schwellwert, worauf die Heizleistung vermindert wird, um den Luftstrom bei einer weitgehend konstanten Temperatur zu halten. Nach Beendigung der Trocknung, welche mittels eines geeigneten Sensors, der die verbleibende Feuchte der getrockneten Textilstücke, bestimmt, festgestellt wird, wird die Beheizung abgestellt und die Temperatur T fällt auf einen einer Umgebungstemperatur entsprechenden Wert ab. Damit ist der Prozess beendet.To Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 Let it be assumed that the drying of a piece of fabric is started at a time zero. How out Fig. 2 As can be seen, an air flow used for this purpose is strongly and largely continuously heated - this is shown in the lower curve designated by the letter P, so that the temperature rises rapidly and continuously to a predetermined value - see the curve designated by the letter T. Later in the process, the temperature T reaches a certain threshold, whereupon the heating power is reduced to keep the air flow at a substantially constant temperature. After completion of the drying, which is determined by means of a suitable sensor which determines the remaining moisture content of the dried textile pieces, the heating is turned off and the temperature T drops to a value corresponding to an ambient temperature. This completes the process.

Verlauf von Temperatur T und Heizleistung P eines Verfahrens gemäß vorliegender neuer Lehre ergeben sich aus Fig. 1. Nach einer weitgehend kontinuierlichen Beheizung zur Erreichung eines für die Trocknung angemessenen Temperaturniveaus wird die Temperatur T nicht weitgehend konstant gehalten, sondern in relativ schnellen Schritten um einen Mittelwert oszilliert; bevorzugte Zeit- und Temperaturwerte sind obiger Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausgestaltungen zu entnehmen. Zu diesem Zweck wird die Beheizung ebenfalls in oszillierender Weise durchgeführt. Diese Oszillation bricht ein Fließgleichgewicht, welches sich in den Prozess gem. Fig. 2 einstellen würde, und unterstützt die Abführung von Feuchte durch eine semipermeable Membran. Entsprechende Textilstücke können daher mit einem Prozess gemäß Fig. 1 bedeutend schneller getrocknet werden als mit einem Prozess gem. Fig. 2.Course of temperature T and heating power P of a method according to the present new teaching emerge Fig. 1 , After a substantially continuous heating to achieve a temperature level suitable for drying, the temperature T is not kept substantially constant, but oscillated in relatively fast steps by an average value; preferred time and temperature values can be found in the above description of preferred embodiments. For this purpose, the heating is also carried out in an oscillating manner. This oscillation breaks a steady state equilibrium which accords with the process. Fig. 2 and supports the removal of moisture by a semi-permeable membrane. Corresponding textile pieces can therefore with a process according to Fig. 1 dried much faster than with a process gem. Fig. 2 ,

Fig. 3 zeigt eine Skizze einer Vorrichtung zum Trocknen eines Textilstücks 1. Dazu befindet diese sich in einer rotierenden Trommel 2 in einem Behandlungsraum wird durchsetzt von einem durch Pfeile mit durchgezogenen Linien symbolisierten Luftstrom. Dieser weist eine geeignete hohe Temperatur auf, um Feuchte aus dem Textilstück 1 abzuführen. Der Luftstrom wird angetrieben von einem Gebläse 3, welches seinerseits von einem Motor 4 angetrieben wird. Von dem Gebläse 3 gelangt der Luftstrom zu einem Kondensator 5, in welchem der Luftstrom abgekühlt und ein Teil der in ihm enthaltenen Feuchte auskondensiert wird. Die auskondensierte Feuchte wird einem Auffanggefäß 6 zugeführt und nach Benutzen der Vorrichtung entsorgt. Vom Kondensator 5 gelangt der abgekühlte und von Feuchte befreite Luftstrom zu einer Heizeinrichtung 7, wo er wieder auf die zur Behandlung des Textilstücks 1 gewünschte Temperatur aufgeheizt wird. Von der Heizeinrichtung 7 gelangt der Luftstrom zurück zur Trommel 2 und dem Textilstück 1. Zur Steuerung der Vorrichtung im Sinne des soeben beschriebenen Prozesses ist eine entsprechend programmierte Steuereinrichtung 8 vorgesehen. Die Steuereinrichtung 8 steuert die Trommel 2, das Gebläse 3, den Kondensator 5 und die Heizeinrichtung 7. Sie ist ausgelegt und eingerichtet, um in dem das Textilstück beaufschlagten Luftstrom einen oszillierenden Partialdruck an Wasserdampf zu erzeugen. Zu diesem Zweck greift sie zu auf die Heizeinrichtung 7 und/oder den Kondensator 5. Fig. 3 shows a sketch of a device for drying a textile piece 1. For this purpose, this is in a rotating drum 2 in a treatment room is interspersed by a symbolized by arrows with solid lines airflow. This has a suitable high temperature to dissipate moisture from the textile piece 1. The air flow is driven by a fan 3, which in turn is driven by a motor 4. From the blower 3, the air flow passes to a condenser 5, in which the air flow is cooled and a part of the moisture contained in it is condensed out. The condensed moisture is fed to a collecting vessel 6 and disposed of after use of the device. From the condenser 5, the cooled and freed of moisture air flow reaches a heater 7, where it is heated to the desired temperature for the treatment of the textile piece 1 again. From the heater 7, the air flow passes back to the drum 2 and the textile piece 1. For controlling the device in the sense of the process just described a correspondingly programmed control device 8 is provided. The control device 8 controls the drum 2, the blower 3, the condenser 5 and the heater 7. It is designed and arranged to generate an oscillating partial pressure of water vapor in the air stream applied to the textile piece. For this purpose, it accesses the heating device 7 and / or the capacitor 5.

Die Vorrichtung bietet einem Benutzer eine Mehrzahl von Verfahren zum Trocknen eines Textilstücks zur Auswahl an. Die Auswahl erfolgt mittels eines Drehknopfes 9, an welchem eine entsprechende Skala 10 angebracht ist.The apparatus offers a user a variety of methods of drying a garment for selection. The selection is made by means of a knob 9, to which a corresponding scale 10 is attached.

Fig. 4 zeigt der eine Skizze eines Textilstücks 1 mit einem geschichteten Aufbau. Dabei ist zwischen einer oberen Textillage 11 und einer unteren Textillage 12 eine semipermeable Membran 13 eingefügt. Diese semipermeable Membran 13 kann als eigenständige Komponente oder als Schicht auf einem geeignetem Trägermaterial vorgesehen sein. Fig. 4 shows a sketch of a textile piece 1 with a layered structure. In this case, a semipermeable membrane 13 is inserted between an upper textile layer 11 and a lower textile layer 12. This semipermeable membrane 13 may be provided as an independent component or as a layer on a suitable carrier material.

Claims (12)

  1. Method for drying a piece of textile (1) that has a semipermeable membrane (13),
    wherein said piece of textile (1) is impinged upon by an air flow to evacuate moisture, a partial water vapour pressure in the air flow being varied by corresponding oscillating heating of the airflow or by oscillating condensation of moisture out of the air flow, and the air flow impinging upon the piece of textile (1) exhibits an oscillating partial water vapour pressure, wherein the oscillating partial pressure is brought about by an oscillating temperature in the air flow, wherein the oscillating temperature is brought about by heating the air flow in an oscillating fashion, wherein the heating is switched alternately on and off, wherein each off period lasts between 100 and 200 s, in particular between 120 and 180 s, wherein the temperature oscillates with an amplitude of at least 10 kelvin, in particular about 20 kelvin, such that a partial pressure gradient is generated over the membrane (13), being sufficient to drive water vapour out through said membrane (13).
  2. Method according to claim 1, in which a single piece of textile (1) having a semipermeable membrane (13) is dried, and in which each off period lasts around 180 s.
  3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the piece of textile (1) is moved about in the air flow.
  4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the air flow circulates within a circuit (2, 3, 5, 7).
  5. Method according to claim 4, in which moisture is condensed out of the air flow in an oscillating fashion after impinging upon the piece of textile (1).
  6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, which is applied to a piece of textile (1) that is provided with a layered structure having a semipermeable membrane (13).
  7. Apparatus for performing the method for drying a piece of textile (1) having a semipermeable membrane (13), according to one of the preceding claims, comprising:
    a) a processing space (2) to accommodate the piece of textile (1);
    b) means (3, 5, 7) for generating an air flow to evacuate moisture from the piece of textile (1), wherein the air flow has a variable partial water vapour pressure thanks to corresponding oscillating heating of the air flow or thanks to oscillating condensation of moisture out of the air flow;
    c) a control device (8) which is set up to generate an oscillating partial water vapour pressure in the air flow and to generate a partial pressure gradient over the membrane (13), being sufficient to drive water vapour out through said membrane (13), wherein the means (3, 5, 7) have a heating device (7) for the air flow that is capable of heating the air flow in an oscillating fashion, wherein the control device (8) is capable of switching the heating device (7) alternately on and off, each off period lasting between 100 and 200 s, in particular between 120 and 180 s, wherein the control device (8) is capable of oscillating heating with an amplitude of at least 10 kelvin and in particular about 20 kelvin.
  8. Apparatus according to claim 7, in which the processing space (2) has a drum (2) which can be rotated so as to move the piece of textile (1) around in the air flow.
  9. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, in which a circuit (2, 3, 5, 7) is provided for circulating the air flow.
  10. Apparatus according to claim 9, in which
    a) the circuit (2, 3, 5, 7) comprises a condenser (5) for condensing moisture out of the air flow, being capable of causing said moisture to condense out in an oscillating fashion;
    b) the condenser (5) can be regulated by the control device (8) for the purpose of condensing out moisture in an oscillating fashion.
  11. Apparatus according to one of the claims 7 to 10, which is capable of simultaneously drying a plurality of pieces of textile (1).
  12. Apparatus according to one of the claims 7 to 11, in which
    a) the control device (8) provides users with a choice between a plurality of methods for drying a piece of textile (1);
    b) one of said methods for drying a piece of textile (1) is capable of causing the piece of textile (1) to be impinged upon by an air flow to evacuate moisture, a partial water vapour pressure in the air flow that impinges upon the piece of textile (1) being varied in an oscillating fashion, said method being offered for the purpose of drying a piece of textile (1) that is provided with a layered structure (11, 12, 13) encompassing a semipermeable membrane (13).
EP06763871.8A 2005-07-29 2006-06-26 Method and apparatus for drying a piece of textile Active EP1920103B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005035653A DE102005035653A1 (en) 2005-07-29 2005-07-29 Method and device for drying a textile piece
PCT/EP2006/063529 WO2007012529A1 (en) 2005-07-29 2006-06-26 Method and apparatus for drying a piece of textile

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EP1920103A1 EP1920103A1 (en) 2008-05-14
EP1920103B1 true EP1920103B1 (en) 2018-10-31

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EP (1) EP1920103B1 (en)
KR (1) KR101308315B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102005035653A1 (en)
EA (1) EA013173B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2007012529A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005020095A1 (en) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-02 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH A method for economically operating the electrically heated air flow in a domestic clothes drying machine has a heated bimetallic switch in the air stream in series with the primary heating elements

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3254423A (en) * 1961-12-04 1966-06-07 Hamilton Mfg Co Dryer control circuit
US3253346A (en) * 1962-04-09 1966-05-31 Philco Corp Laundry machine
US3218730A (en) * 1962-06-14 1965-11-23 Gen Motors Corp Termination control for a condensing clothes dryer
US3621202A (en) * 1970-11-16 1971-11-16 Gsw Ltd Automatic drying cycle for clothes dryers
US4713894A (en) * 1984-08-07 1987-12-22 Intraspec, Inc. Automated dryer control system
US4763425A (en) * 1987-06-25 1988-08-16 Speed Queen Company Automatic clothes dryer
DE10162923A1 (en) * 2001-12-20 2003-07-03 Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Method and device for drying textiles
DE10163200A1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2003-07-10 Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Laundry treatment device

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US20090300938A1 (en) 2009-12-10
EA200800139A1 (en) 2008-08-29
WO2007012529A1 (en) 2007-02-01
KR101308315B1 (en) 2013-09-30
EP1920103A1 (en) 2008-05-14
EA013173B1 (en) 2010-02-26
DE102005035653A1 (en) 2007-02-01
KR20080032217A (en) 2008-04-14
US8984768B2 (en) 2015-03-24

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