EP1901326B1 - Motor starter - Google Patents
Motor starter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1901326B1 EP1901326B1 EP06019356A EP06019356A EP1901326B1 EP 1901326 B1 EP1901326 B1 EP 1901326B1 EP 06019356 A EP06019356 A EP 06019356A EP 06019356 A EP06019356 A EP 06019356A EP 1901326 B1 EP1901326 B1 EP 1901326B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- circuit board
- printed circuit
- motor starter
- board assembly
- operating unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 title claims description 33
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
- H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
- H01H50/021—Bases; Casings; Covers structurally combining a relay and an electronic component, e.g. varistor, RC circuit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/44—Magnetic coils or windings
- H01H50/443—Connections to coils
Definitions
- the invention relates to a motor starter with a power semiconductor switch, with a parallel-connected electromechanical by-pass switch and with control electronics for controlling the by-pass switch.
- Such motor starters are also referred to as "soft starter”.
- the motor is connected during a start-up phase via the power semiconductor switch, which is designed, for example, as a thyristor, while the parallel by-pass switch is open.
- the power semiconductor switch By appropriate control of the power semiconductor switch thereby the starting power of the engine is continuously and gradually, in particular regulated, raised, so that the engine does not jerky, but “gently” anology.
- the power semiconductor switches conventionally used would disadvantageously give off a comparatively high power loss. To avoid this power loss, the supply current for the motor is no longer passed through the power semiconductor switch, but via the by-pass switch after completion of the start-up phase, which is much lower loss as a mechanical switching element.
- a by-pass switch usually a common electromechanical switching relay is used, which comprises for actuating the actual mechanical switching element usually a magnetic actuator.
- the by-pass switch is controlled by a control electronics, which is accommodated in a so-called printed circuit board.
- the printed circuit board is usually mounted above or next to the by-pass switch and contacted by substantially free wire lines with the by-pass switch.
- the lines are soldered, for example, with corresponding terminals of the printed circuit board and contacted at the by-pass switch by means of a plug connection.
- the WO 2005/101642 A shows an embodiment of a motor starter with a power semiconductor switch, a parallel-connected electromechanical by-pass switch and a control electronics for controlling the by-pass switch.
- the EP 0 735 559 A2 discloses a base part of an electromagnetic switching device, in particular a contactor, which is mounted on a base plate.
- the base part contains the core of an electromagnet, a magnetic coil and a printed circuit board.
- the magnetic coil is contacted via stump contact pieces with the conductor track plate.
- the invention has for its object to improve a motor starter of the type mentioned above from the background mentioned above.
- the fixation between the printed circuit board and the by-pass switch is designed such that the printed circuit board and the by-pass switch in the assembled state form a coherent, substantially rigid component that can not be separated again or only with the application of force.
- the printed circuit board is preferably snapped with the by-pass switch, but also other types of attachment such as screwing, bonding, welding, etc. can be used.
- fixation can be understood in the context of the invention, however, as a mere positional fixation of the printed circuit board and the by-pass switch to each other, which in the case of proper installation of the motor starter by other components the motor starter, in particular a housing thereof is made or locked.
- Essential in the context of the invention is in both variants that the printed circuit board and the by-pass switch are arranged in the assembled state in a well-defined position to each other, and that due to this positioning, the printed circuit board with the by-pass switch is electrically contacted simultaneously. This eliminates the usual for contacting the printed circuit board with the by-pass switch lines and any plug and LötWallete and all conventionally associated disadvantages.
- the by-pass switch is formed by a mechanical switching element and a, in particular magnetic actuator unit for actuating the same.
- the printed circuit board is expediently designed as a U-shaped or trough-shaped hollow shape, which is placed on the actuator unit in the assembled state, so that the actuating unit is received in the interior of the mold.
- the actuating unit and the inner surface of the printed circuit board in this way by the outer wall of the printed circuit board are effectively shielded against mechanical damage, especially in the course of the manufacturing process.
- mechanically sensitive electronic components of the printed circuit board are preferably mounted on the inner surface thereof.
- the fixation of the printed circuit board assembly to the actuator is particularly advantageous when the actuator of the by-pass switch is separable from the actual switching element.
- the actuator unit and the printed circuit board assembly can initially be separately connected and contacted in the course of assembly, and placed in a subsequent manufacturing step as a component on the switching element, which is advantageous in terms of manufacturing technology.
- the printed circuit board is provided with predetermined bending points, in particular in the form of film hinges, around which the printed circuit board can be bent non-destructively.
- the printed circuit board can optionally also be composed of several pieces.
- the in FIG. 1 illustrated motor starter 1 comprises a power semiconductor switch 2, in particular a thyristor.
- the motor starter 1 further comprises a power semiconductor switch 2 connected in parallel, electromechanical by-pass switch 3 and a printed circuit board 4, which carries an electronic control unit 5 for controlling the by-pass switch 4.
- the power semiconductor switch 2, the by-pass switch 3 and the printed circuit board 4 are in the in FIG. 1 shown mounting state in a common housing 6 received in FIG. 1 is indicated only by outlines. In the assembled state, only connection contacts 7 and 7 'protrude out of the housing 6 for connection of a drive current line for a motor (not shown).
- the motor starter 1 is designed to be switched into a (in this example two-phase) drive current line for a motor.
- the motor starter 1 accordingly comprises a pair of Connection contacts 7 and 7 'for each of the two phase lines, which protrude on opposite sides of the housing 6 and to which a network-side part or a motor-side part of the drive power line is connectable.
- connection contacts 7, 7 internally the power semiconductor switch 2 and the by-pass switch 3 are connected in parallel.
- the motor starter 1 in the drive current line is connected upstream of the electrically operated motor and serves to switch the motor on and off.
- this is a so-called soft starter, in which the engine power is increased gradually, in particular in a regulated manner, during a starting phase of the engine.
- the by-pass switch 3 is opened and the motor is thus only connected to the network via the power semiconductor switch 2. The gradual, in particular controlled start-up of the engine power takes place here via appropriate control of the power semiconductor switch 2.
- FIG. 2 again by-pass switch 3 shown separately of the motor starter 1 comprises a mechanical switching element 8, which is switchable by means of an electromagnetic actuator unit 9.
- the switching element 8 comprises, for each phase line, a respective pair of mutually opposed fixed contacts 10, 10 ', each of which is electrically connected to a corresponding connection contact 7 or 7'.
- the fixed contacts 10 and 10 'of the same phase line are each reversibly electrically connectable and separable via a movable contact bridge 11.
- All contact bridges 11 are fastened to a common plunger 12 and are always actuated together by movement of the plunger 12.
- the plunger 12 is biased such that the contact bridges 11 in the idle state in an in FIG. 2 remain in the illustrated open position in which the terminals 7.7 'of each phase line are electrically isolated from each other.
- the actuating unit 9 comprises a magnetic coil 13 and a magnetic yoke 14, which form a magnetic circuit with a magnet armature 15.
- the armature 15 is in this case attached to the plunger 12 and thus forms - constructively seen - a part of the switching element 8.
- the components de operating unit 9, in particular so the solenoid 13 and the magnet yoke 14 are summarized in a contiguous and substantially rigid assembly, which is attached to the switching member 8 by means of a snap connection 16.
- a magnetic field is generated by applying a voltage to the magnetic coil 13 in the magnetic circuit.
- the armature 15 is attracted against the yoke 14 and moves via the plunger 12, the contact bridges 11 against the spring pressure from the open position to a closed position in which the associated fixed contacts 10, 10 'of each phase line to each other via the contact bridge 11 are electrically connected.
- FIG. 3 and 4 printed circuit board 4 separately shown together with the actuating unit 9 is essentially formed of a printed circuit board 17 with mounted thereon electronic components 18, which are connected to the control electronics 5.
- FIG. 3 shows here for the sake of clarity, the bare circuit board 17.
- the stocked with the components 18 circuit board 17 is in FIG. 4 displayed.
- the printed circuit board 17 is bent in the assembled state to a substantially U-shaped, hollow cross-section, which receives the actuating unit 9 in its interior.
- the electronic components 18 of the printed circuit board 4 are predominantly mounted on the inner surface of the printed circuit board 17 facing the actuating unit 9.
- PCB extension pieces 19 are attached to the circuit board 17 at the end faces, which partially cover the end faces of the circuit board 17.
- the lugs 19 may carry more electronic components 18 and thus increase the available for the construction of the control electronics 5 usable area of the circuit board 17. They also provide additional protection of the control electronics 5 and the actuator unit 9 against mechanical damage.
- FIG. 3 and 4 can be removed that the circuit board 17 is fixed by means of snap-on connections 20,21 on the actuator unit 9, so that the printed circuit board 4 and the actuator unit 9 form a self-supporting interconnected and substantially rigid assembly.
- the mechanical stability of this assembly is improved by two support arms 22, which protrude from the actuator unit 9 and free-end side supported on a roof 23 of the circuit board 17, improved.
- each spring contact 24 comprises a compression spring 25 made of electrically conductive material, which protrudes on a protruding from the actuator unit 9 guide pin 26 is postponed.
- the compression spring 25 is clamped onto the guide pin 26 and thus held captive on the actuator unit 9.
- Each guide pin 26 is internally contacted with a coil terminal 27 of the solenoid coil 13.
- the circuit board 17 is provided with flexible Sollfaltstellen 28 in the form of film hinges, which allow the circuit board 17 from an originally flat state non-destructive in the in FIG. 3 and 4 apparent U-shape to bend.
- the circuit board 17 is equipped in the planar state with the electronic components 18.
- the finished printed circuit board assembly 4 is snapped onto the actuator unit 9 and thereby folded into the said U-shape.
- the printed circuit board 17 is provided on its inner surface with conductive contact surfaces 29, which are arranged such that the compression spring 25 of each spring contact 24 abuts when snapping the circuit board 17 against one of the contact surfaces 29. In this way, when the printed circuit board 17 is snapped onto the actuating unit 9, the printed circuit board 4 is simultaneously contacted with the actuating unit 9.
- a motor starter 1 that is both simple to produce and compact and material-saving is formed in this way, which is also improved both with regard to EMC criteria and with regard to the reliability against conventional motor starters of the type mentioned.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Motorstarter mit einem Leistungshalbleiterschalter, mit einem dazu parallel geschalteten elektromechanischen By-pass-Schalter sowie mit einer Steuerelektronik zur Ansteuerung des By-pass-Schalters.The invention relates to a motor starter with a power semiconductor switch, with a parallel-connected electromechanical by-pass switch and with control electronics for controlling the by-pass switch.
Derartige Motorstarter werden auch als "Sanft-Starter" bezeichnet. Bei einem solchen Motorstarter wird der Motor während einer Anfahrphase über den Leistungshalbleiterschalter, der beispielsweise als Thyristor ausgebildet ist, beschaltet, während der parallele By-pass-Schalter geöffnet ist. Durch entsprechende Ansteuerung des Leistungshalbleiterschalters wird dabei die Anfahrleistung des Motors kontinuierlich und allmählich, insbesondere geregelt, hochgefahren, so dass der Motor nicht ruckartig, sondern "sanft" anfährt. Im Betrieb des Motors würden die herkömmlicherweise verwendeten Leistungshalbleiterschalter aber nachteiligerweise eine vergleichsweise hohe Verlustleistung abwerfen. Um diese Verlustleistung zu vermeiden, wird nach Abschluss der Anfahrphase der Versorgungsstrom für den Motor nicht mehr über den Leistungshalbleiterschalter, sondern über den By-pass-Schalter geleitet, der als mechanisches Schaltglied wesentlich verlustärmer ist. Als By-pass-Schalter wird üblicherweise ein gewöhnliches elektromechanisches Schaltrelais verwendet, das zur Betätigung des eigentlichen mechanischen Schaltglieds in der Regel eine magnetische Betätigungseinheit umfasst. Der By-pass-Schalter wird über eine Steuerelektronik angesteuert, die in einer so genannten Flachbaugruppe aufgenommen ist. Die Flachbaugruppe ist üblicherweise über oder neben dem By-pass-Schalter montiert und mittels im Wesentlichen freier Drahtleitungen mit dem By-pass-Schalter kontaktiert. Die Leitungen sind beispielsweise mit entsprechenden Anschlüssen der Flachbaugruppe verlötet und an dem By-pass-Schalter mittels einer Steckverbindung kontaktiert.Such motor starters are also referred to as "soft starter". In such a motor starter, the motor is connected during a start-up phase via the power semiconductor switch, which is designed, for example, as a thyristor, while the parallel by-pass switch is open. By appropriate control of the power semiconductor switch thereby the starting power of the engine is continuously and gradually, in particular regulated, raised, so that the engine does not jerky, but "gently" anfährt. In the operation of the engine, however, the power semiconductor switches conventionally used would disadvantageously give off a comparatively high power loss. To avoid this power loss, the supply current for the motor is no longer passed through the power semiconductor switch, but via the by-pass switch after completion of the start-up phase, which is much lower loss as a mechanical switching element. As a by-pass switch usually a common electromechanical switching relay is used, which comprises for actuating the actual mechanical switching element usually a magnetic actuator. The by-pass switch is controlled by a control electronics, which is accommodated in a so-called printed circuit board. The printed circuit board is usually mounted above or next to the by-pass switch and contacted by substantially free wire lines with the by-pass switch. The lines are soldered, for example, with corresponding terminals of the printed circuit board and contacted at the by-pass switch by means of a plug connection.
Diese herkömmliche Lösung ist zum einen vergleichsweise platzaufwändig, insbesondere zumal genügend Freiraum für die Leitungen im Gehäuse des Motorstarters vorgesehen werden muss. Die Kontaktierung der Flachbaugruppe mit dem By-pass-Schalter erfordert des Weiteren einen vergleichsweise hohen Montage- und Materialaufwand. Von den im Montagezustand im Wesentlichen lose und damit in gewissem Umfang unkontrollierbar im Gerät hängenden Leitungen geht ferner ein gewisses Risiko für Störungen der elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit (EMV) ebenso wie ein gewisses Risiko von Funktionsstörungen durch fehlerhaft angeschlagene Leitungen oder eine fehlerhafte Steckkontaktierung aus.This conventional solution is on the one hand comparatively space-consuming, in particular since sufficient clearance for the lines in the housing of the motor starter must be provided. The contacting of the printed circuit board with the by-pass switch also requires a relatively high installation and material costs. There is also a certain risk of disturbances in electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) as well as a certain risk of malfunctions due to incorrectly connected cables or faulty plug-type contacting of the cables which are essentially loose in the installation state and thus to a certain extent uncontrollable.
Die
Die
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Motorstarter der eingangs genannten Art vor dem vorstehend genannten Hintergrund zu verbessern.The invention has for its object to improve a motor starter of the type mentioned above from the background mentioned above.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1. Danach ist vorgesehen, die Flachbaugruppe und den By-pass-Schalter derart auszubilden, dass sie in einem Montagezustand aneinander fixiert sind, wobei bei der Fixierung die Flachbaugruppe gleichzeitig mit dem By-pass-Schalter elektrisch kontaktiert wird.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Thereafter, it is provided to form the printed circuit board and the by-pass switch such that they are fixed in an assembled state to each other, wherein at the same time fixing the printed circuit board with the By-pass Switch is contacted electrically.
Bevorzugt ist die Fixierung zwischen der Flachbaugruppe und dem By-pass-Schalter derart ausgebildet, dass die Flachbaugruppe und der By-pass-Schalter in dem Montagezustand ein zusammenhängendes, im Wesentlichen starres Bauteil bilden, das nicht oder nur unter Kraftaufwendung wieder getrennt werden kann. Die Flachbaugruppe ist dabei bevorzugt mit dem By-pass-Schalter verschnappt, wobei aber auch andere Befestigungsarten wie z.B. Verschraubung, Verklebung, Verschweißung, etc. Verwendung finden können.Preferably, the fixation between the printed circuit board and the by-pass switch is designed such that the printed circuit board and the by-pass switch in the assembled state form a coherent, substantially rigid component that can not be separated again or only with the application of force. The printed circuit board is preferably snapped with the by-pass switch, but also other types of attachment such as screwing, bonding, welding, etc. can be used.
Der Begriff Fixierung kann im Sinne der Erfindung aber auch als bloße Lagefixierung der Flachbaugruppe und des By-pass-Schalter zueinander zu verstehen sein, die bei bestimmungsgemäßer Montage des Motorstarters durch andere Bestandteile des Motorstarters, insbesondere ein Gehäuse desselben hergestellt oder arretiert wird.The term fixation can be understood in the context of the invention, however, as a mere positional fixation of the printed circuit board and the by-pass switch to each other, which in the case of proper installation of the motor starter by other components the motor starter, in particular a housing thereof is made or locked.
Wesentlich im Sinne der Erfindung ist bei beiden Varianten, dass die Flachbaugruppe und der By-pass-Schalter im Montagezustand in einer wohldefinierten Position zueinander angeordnet sind, und dass infolge dieser Positionierung die Flachbaugruppe mit dem By-pass-Schalter gleichzeitig elektrisch kontaktiert wird. Hierdurch entfallen die üblicherweise zur Kontaktierung der Flachbaugruppe mit dem By-pass-Schalter erforderlichen Leitungen sowie etwaige Steck- und Lötkontakte und alle damit herkömmlicherweise verbundenen Nachteile.Essential in the context of the invention is in both variants that the printed circuit board and the by-pass switch are arranged in the assembled state in a well-defined position to each other, and that due to this positioning, the printed circuit board with the by-pass switch is electrically contacted simultaneously. This eliminates the usual for contacting the printed circuit board with the by-pass switch lines and any plug and Lötkontakte and all conventionally associated disadvantages.
Erfindungsgemäß ist der By-pass-Schalter durch ein mechanisches Schaltglied sowie eine, insbesondere magnetische Betätigungseinheit zur Betätigung desselben gebildet. Besonders platzsparend ist die Flachbaugruppe dabei zweckmäßigerweise als U-förmige oder wannenförmige Hohlform ausgebildet, die im Montagezustand auf die Betätigungseinheit aufgestülpt ist, so dass die Betätigungseinheit im Inneren der Hohlform aufgenommen ist. Neben der Platzersparnis hat diese Ausbildung insbesondere die weiteren Vorteile, dass besonders kurze elektrische Wege innerhalb des durch die Flachbaugruppe und die Betätigungseinheit gebildeten Schaltkreises realisierbar sind, was zum einen die leitungslose Kontaktierung der Flachbaugruppe mit dem By-pass-Schalter erleichtert, zum anderen aber unter dem Aspekt der EMV vorteilhaft ist. Zudem sind die Betätigungseinheit und die Innenfläche der Flachbaugruppe auf diese Weise durch die Außenwand der Flachbaugruppe effektiv gegen mechanische Beschädigungen, insbesondere im Zuge des Fertigungsprozesses, abgeschirmt. Unter Ausnutzung dieses Abschirmeffekts werden insbesondere mechanisch empfindliche elektronische Bauteile der Flachbaugruppe vorzugsweise an der Innenfläche derselben montiert.According to the invention, the by-pass switch is formed by a mechanical switching element and a, in particular magnetic actuator unit for actuating the same. Particularly space-saving, the printed circuit board is expediently designed as a U-shaped or trough-shaped hollow shape, which is placed on the actuator unit in the assembled state, so that the actuating unit is received in the interior of the mold. In addition to saving space, this training in particular the other advantages that particularly short electrical paths within the circuit formed by the printed circuit board and the actuator unit can be realized, which on the one hand facilitates the lead-free contacting of the printed circuit board with the by-pass switch, on the other hand under the aspect of EMC is advantageous. In addition, the actuating unit and the inner surface of the printed circuit board in this way by the outer wall of the printed circuit board are effectively shielded against mechanical damage, especially in the course of the manufacturing process. By utilizing this shielding effect, in particular mechanically sensitive electronic components of the printed circuit board are preferably mounted on the inner surface thereof.
Zweckmäßigerweise ist die Flachbaugruppe in der Montagestellung an der Betätigungseinheit des By-pass-Schalters, und dort insbesondere in unmittelbarer Nähe zu den Kontaktierungsstellen, fixiert. Auf diese Weise wird eine besonders stabile und ausfallsichere elektrische Kontaktierung erzielt. Die Fixierung der Flachbaugruppe an der Betätigungseinheit ist insbesondere auch dann vorteilhaft, wenn die Betätigungseinheit des By-pass-Schalters von dem eigentlichen Schaltglied trennbar ist. In diesem Fall können die Betätigungseinheit und die Flachbaugruppe im Zuge der Montage zunächst separat verbunden und kontaktiert, und erst in einem nachfolgenden Fertigungsschritt als Bauteil auf das Schaltglied aufgesetzt werden, was fertigungstechnisch vorteilhaft ist.Conveniently, the printed circuit board in the mounting position on the operating unit of the by-pass switch, and there in particular in the immediate vicinity of the contacting, fixed. In this way, a particularly stable and fail-safe electrical contact is achieved. The fixation of the printed circuit board assembly to the actuator is particularly advantageous when the actuator of the by-pass switch is separable from the actual switching element. In this case, the actuator unit and the printed circuit board assembly can initially be separately connected and contacted in the course of assembly, and placed in a subsequent manufacturing step as a component on the switching element, which is advantageous in terms of manufacturing technology.
Für eine fertigungstechnisch einfach zu realisierende, preiswerte und ausfallsichere Kontaktierung der Flachbaugruppe mit dem By-pass-Schalter, insbesondere der Betätigungseinheit desselben, ist vorzugsweise mindestens ein Federkontakt vorgesehen.For a manufacturing technology easy to implement, inexpensive and fail-safe contacting of the printed circuit board with the by-pass switch, in particular the operating unit thereof, preferably at least one spring contact is provided.
Um sowohl die Bestückung der Flachbaugruppe mit elektronischen Bauteilen als auch die Anbringung der Flachbaugruppe an dem By-pass-Schalter zu erleichtern, die die Flachbaugruppe zweckmäßigerweise flexibel ausgebildet. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Flachbaugruppe mit Sollbiegestellen, insbesondere in Form von Filmscharnieren versehen, um welche die Flachbaugruppe zerstörungsfrei gebogen werden kann. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann die Flachbaugruppe optional auch aus mehreren Stücken zusammengesetzt sein.In order to facilitate both the assembly of the printed circuit board assembly with electronic components and the attachment of the printed circuit board to the by-pass switch, which expediently designed the printed circuit board flexible. In a preferred embodiment, the printed circuit board is provided with predetermined bending points, in particular in the form of film hinges, around which the printed circuit board can be bent non-destructively. Alternatively or additionally, the printed circuit board can optionally also be composed of several pieces.
Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Darin zeigen:
- FIG 1
- in schematischer perspektivischer Ansicht einen Motorstarter mit einem Leistungshalbleiterschalter, einem diesem parallel geschalteten elektromechanischen By-pass-Schalter sowie mit einer eine Steuerelektronik zur Ansteuerung des By-pass-Schalters enthaltenden Flachbaugruppe,
- FIG 2
- in gegenüber
FIG 1 gedrehter perspektivischer Darstellung den By-pass-Schalter des Motorstarters mit einem mechanischen Schaltglied sowie einer elektromagnetischen Betätigungseinheit, - FIG 3
- in wiederum gedrehter perspektivischer Darstellung die Betätigungseinheit des By-pass-Schalters mit einer darauf montierten Leiterplatte der Flachbaugruppe,
- FIG 4
- in wiederum gedrehter perspektivischer Darstellung die Betätigungseinheit und die nunmehr mit elektronischen Bauteilen bestückte Leiterplatte der Flachbaugruppe, sowie
- FIG 5
- in einem vergrößerten Ausschnitt V aus
FIG 1 einen Federkontakt zur Kontaktierung der Flachbaugruppe mit dem By-pass-Schalterelement.
- FIG. 1
- a schematic perspective view of a motor starter with a power semiconductor switch, a parallel-connected electromechanical bypass switch and with a control electronics for controlling the by-pass switch containing printed circuit board,
- FIG. 2
- in opposite
FIG. 1 rotated perspective view of the by-pass switch of the motor starter with a mechanical switching element and an electromagnetic actuator unit, - FIG. 3
- in turn rotated perspective view of the actuating unit of the by-pass switch with a printed circuit board of the printed circuit board mounted thereon,
- FIG. 4
- in turn rotated perspective view of the actuator and the now equipped with electronic components PCB of the PCB, and
- FIG. 5
- in an enlarged section V out
FIG. 1 a spring contact for contacting the printed circuit board with the by-pass switch element.
Einander entsprechende Teile sind in allen Figuren stets mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Corresponding parts are always provided in all figures with the same reference numerals.
Der in
Der Leistungshalbleiterschalter 2, der By-pass-Schalter 3 und die Flachbaugruppe 4 sind in dem in
In der Ausführungsform gemäß
Den zugehörigen Anschlusskontakten 7, 7' sind intern der Leistungshalbleiterschalter 2 und der By-pass-Schalter 3 in Parallelschaltung zwischengeschaltet.The associated
Im bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauch ist der Motorstarter 1 in der Antriebsstromleitung dem elektrisch betriebenen Motor vorgeschaltet und dient zum An- und Ausschalten des Motors. Bei dem Motorstarter 1 handelt es sich hierbei um einen so genannten Sanft-Starter, bei dem die Motorleistung während einer Anfahrphase des Motors allmählich, insbesondere geregelt hochgefahren wird. In dieser Anfahrphase ist der By-pass-Schalter 3 geöffnet und der Motor damit lediglich über den Leistungshalbleiterschalter 2 mit dem Netz verbunden. Das allmähliche, insbesondere geregelte Hochfahren der Motorleistung erfolgt hierbei über entsprechende Ansteuerung des Leistungshalbleiterschalters 2. Um die im Betrieb des Motors an dem Leistungshalbleiterschalter 2 abfallende Verlustleistung einzusparen, wird nach Beendigung der Anfahrphase der By-pass-Schalter 3 geschlossen und der Leistungshalbleiterschalter 2 damit überbrückt, so dass der Antriebsstrom für den Motor verlustarm über den By-pass-Schalter 3 fließt.When used as intended, the motor starter 1 in the drive current line is connected upstream of the electrically operated motor and serves to switch the motor on and off. In the case of the motor starter 1, this is a so-called soft starter, in which the engine power is increased gradually, in particular in a regulated manner, during a starting phase of the engine. In this start-up phase, the by-
Der in
Das Schaltglied 8 umfasst für jede Phasenleitung je ein Paar von einander gegenüberstehenden Festkontakten 10,10', deren jeder mit einem korrespondierenden Anschlusskontakt 7 bzw. 7' elektrisch verbunden ist. Die Festkontakte 10 und 10' derselben Phasenleitung sind jeweils über eine bewegliche Kontaktbrücke 11 reversibel elektrisch verbindbar und trennbar.The switching
Alle Kontaktbrücken 11 sind an einem gemeinsamen Stößel 12 befestigt und werden durch Bewegung des Stößels 12 stets gemeinsam betätigt. Durch eine (nicht näher dargestellte) Feder ist der Stößel 12 derart vorgespannt, dass die Kontaktbrücken 11 im Ruhezustand in einer in
Die Betätigungseinheit 9 umfasst eine Magnetspule 13 und ein Magnetjoch 14, die mit einem Magnetanker 15 einen Magnetkreis bilden. Der Magnetanker 15 ist hierbei an dem Stößel 12 befestigt und bildet somit - konstruktiv gesehen - einen Bestandteil des Schaltglieds 8. Die Komponenten de Betätigungseinheit 9, insbesondere also die Magnetspule 13 und das Magnetjoch 14, sind in einer zusammenhängenden und im Wesentlichen starren Baugruppe zusammengefasst, die an dem Schaltglied 8 mittels einer Schnappverbindung 16 befestigt ist.The
Im Montagezustand wird durch Anlegen einer Spannung an die Magnetspule 13 in dem Magnetkreis ein Magnetfeld erzeugt. Unter Wirkung dieses Magnetfelds wird der Magnetanker 15 gegen das Magnetjoch 14 angezogen und bewegt dabei über den Stößel 12 die Kontaktbrücken 11 gegen den Federdruck aus der Öffnungsstellung in eine Schließstellung, in der die einander zugehörigen Festkontakte 10, 10' einer jeden Phasenleitung miteinander über die Kontaktbrücke 11 elektrisch leitend verbunden sind.In the assembled state, a magnetic field is generated by applying a voltage to the
Die in den
Wie den Darstellungen zu entnehmen ist, ist die Leiterplatte 17 im Montagezustand zu einer im Querschnitt im Wesentlichen U-förmigen Hohlform gebogen, die die Betätigungseinheit 9 in ihrem Innenraum aufnimmt. Die elektronischen Bauteile 18 der Flachbaugruppe 4 sind hierbei überwiegend an der der Betätigungseinheit 9 zugewandten Innenfläche der Leiterplatte 17 aufmontiert. Dies hat zum einen den Vorteil, dass der im Innenraum der Leiterplatte 17 vorhandene Raum, so weit er nicht von der Betätigungseinheit 9 eingenommen wird, besonders gut genutzt wird, und dass zum anderen die Bauteile 18 nach außen hin gut abgeschirmt und damit vor mechanischen Beschädigungen, z.B. während des Montagevorgangs, geschützt sind.As can be seen from the illustrations, the printed
Wie
Den
Wie insbesondere aus
Um die Montage des Motorstarters 1 zu vereinfachen, ist die Leiterplatte 17 mit flexiblen Sollfaltstellen 28 in Form von Filmscharnieren versehen, die es ermöglichen, die Leiterplatte 17 aus einem ursprünglich ebenen Zustand zerstörungsfrei in die in
Nach dem Aufschnappen der Flachbaugruppe 4 auf der Betätigungseinheit 9 wird die hierdurch gebildete Baugruppe auf das Schaltglied 8 aufgeschnappt und der somit fertig gestellte By-pass-Schalter 3 mit dem Leistungshalbleiterschalter 2 verbunden.After snapping the printed
Insgesamt ist auf diese Weise ein sowohl einfach herzustellender als auch kompakter und Material sparender Motorstarter 1 gebildet, der zudem sowohl im Hinblick auf EMV-Kriterien als auch im Hinblick auf die Ausfallsicherheit gegenüber herkömmlichen Motorstartern der eingangs genannten Art verbessert ist.Overall, a motor starter 1 that is both simple to produce and compact and material-saving is formed in this way, which is also improved both with regard to EMC criteria and with regard to the reliability against conventional motor starters of the type mentioned.
Claims (10)
- Motor starter (1) having a power semiconductor switch (2), having an electromechanical bypass switch (3) connected in parallel with it and having control electronics (5) for driving the bypass switch (3), with the control electronics (5) being in the form of a printed circuit board assembly (4) which is fixed to the bypass switch (3) in an installed state, with the bypass switch (3) having a mechanical switching element (8) and an operating unit (9), in particular an electromagnetic operating unit (9), for operating the switching element (8), characterized in that the printed circuit board assembly (4) and the bypass switch (3) are designed such that, when being fixed, the printed circuit board assembly (4) makes electrical contact with the bypass switch (3) at the same time, with the printed circuit board assembly (4) having a U-shaped hollow form or a hollow form in the form of a trough, in whose interior the operating unit (9) is accommodated in the installed state.
- Motor starter (1) according to Claim 1,
characterized in that the printed circuit board assembly (4) is fixed to the operating unit (9) in the installed position. - Motor starter (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the printed circuit board assembly (4) makes contact with the bypass switch (3) via at least one spring contact (24). - Motor starter (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that at least one electronic component (18) on the printed circuit board assembly (4) is arranged on an inside of the printed circuit board assembly (4), facing the operating unit (9) in the installed position. - Motor starter (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the operating unit (9) is formed essentially by a magnet coil (13) and a magnet yoke (14). - Motor starter (1) according to one of Claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the printed circuit board assembly (4) and the operating unit (9) are fixed as a cohesive assembly to the switching element (8) in the installed state.
- Motor starter (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the printed circuit assembly (4) is fixed to the bypass switch (3) by means of a snap-action connection (20, 21). - Motor starter (1) according to one of Claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the operating unit (9) is fixed to the switching element (8) by means of a snap-action connection (16).
- Motor starter (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the printed circuit board assembly (4) has a flexible printed circuit board (17) and/or is formed from a plurality of printed circuit board pieces (17, 19). - Motor starter (1) according to Claim 9,
characterized in that the or the at least one printed circuit board (17) has at least one flexible nominal folding point (28).
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES06019356T ES2398964T3 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2006-09-15 | Motor starter |
EP06019356A EP1901326B1 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2006-09-15 | Motor starter |
DK06019356.2T DK1901326T3 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2006-09-15 | Engine Start Unit |
EP07802799A EP1938352A1 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2007-08-22 | Motor starting or motor control device, semiconductor power component and method for producing a motor starting or motor control device |
PCT/EP2007/058727 WO2008031699A1 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2007-08-22 | Motor starting or motor control device, semiconductor power component and method for producing a motor starting or motor control device |
BRPI0703733-3A BRPI0703733B1 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2007-09-11 | ENGINE STARTING DEVICE |
CA2601621A CA2601621C (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2007-09-13 | Motor starter |
CN2007101521311A CN101145745B (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2007-09-14 | Motor starter |
US11/898,704 US7898373B2 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2007-09-14 | Motor starter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06019356A EP1901326B1 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2006-09-15 | Motor starter |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1901326A1 EP1901326A1 (en) | 2008-03-19 |
EP1901326B1 true EP1901326B1 (en) | 2013-01-02 |
Family
ID=37667346
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06019356A Active EP1901326B1 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2006-09-15 | Motor starter |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7898373B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1901326B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101145745B (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0703733B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2601621C (en) |
DK (1) | DK1901326T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2398964T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101938233B (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2012-12-19 | 上海诺雅克电气有限公司 | Manual operation motor starter with isolation function |
CN102611361B (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2015-07-15 | 能科节能技术股份有限公司 | Thyristor group unit serial and parallel connection structure piece applied to motor soft starter |
CN104378008A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-02-25 | 苏州艾克威尔科技有限公司 | Soft starter and air compressor with same |
CN104538261B (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2017-03-22 | 思源清能电气电子有限公司 | Quick-acting bypass device |
US10281908B2 (en) | 2016-11-04 | 2019-05-07 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Wireless communication enabled relay |
CN108899875B (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2024-02-06 | 赵云文 | Motor starting protector with double protection functions |
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CA1171441A (en) * | 1981-06-12 | 1984-07-24 | Rodney Hayden | Compact relay system |
JPH04220921A (en) * | 1990-12-20 | 1992-08-11 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Electromagnetic contactor |
JP3703862B2 (en) * | 1994-04-25 | 2005-10-05 | 富士電機機器制御株式会社 | Hybrid switch |
US5567991A (en) * | 1994-06-10 | 1996-10-22 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Electric vehicle relay assembly using flexible circuit connector coupling the relay to the relay circuit |
JP2692619B2 (en) * | 1994-11-24 | 1997-12-17 | 日本電気株式会社 | Wireless transceiver |
CH689526A5 (en) * | 1995-03-25 | 1999-05-31 | Rockwell Automation Ag | Base part of an electromagnetic switching device, in particular a contactor. |
FR2759811B1 (en) * | 1997-02-14 | 1999-04-09 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | CONTACTOR FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER COMPRISING IMPROVED MEANS FOR CENTERING A FIXED CORE |
JP2003264386A (en) * | 2002-03-07 | 2003-09-19 | Denso Corp | Electronic controller |
DE102004017292A1 (en) * | 2004-04-05 | 2005-10-20 | Siemens Ag | Engine control unit |
EP1733469A1 (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2006-12-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Motor control device |
DE112004002799D2 (en) | 2004-04-13 | 2006-11-30 | Siemens Ag | Bobbin for switchgear |
TWI239432B (en) * | 2004-09-16 | 2005-09-11 | Vasstek Int Corp | Voice coil motor positioning apparatus |
ATE496384T1 (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2011-02-15 | Tyco Electronics Austria Gmbh | SWITCHING DEVICE WITH A SWITCHING DEVICE AND AN ELECTRONIC COMPONENT AND ADDITIONAL ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT THEREOF |
EP1952524B1 (en) * | 2005-11-21 | 2010-07-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | A method of manufacturing a starting device for a three-phase electric motor, and a starting device |
-
2006
- 2006-09-15 DK DK06019356.2T patent/DK1901326T3/en active
- 2006-09-15 EP EP06019356A patent/EP1901326B1/en active Active
- 2006-09-15 ES ES06019356T patent/ES2398964T3/en active Active
-
2007
- 2007-09-11 BR BRPI0703733-3A patent/BRPI0703733B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2007-09-13 CA CA2601621A patent/CA2601621C/en active Active
- 2007-09-14 US US11/898,704 patent/US7898373B2/en active Active
- 2007-09-14 CN CN2007101521311A patent/CN101145745B/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101145745A (en) | 2008-03-19 |
US7898373B2 (en) | 2011-03-01 |
ES2398964T3 (en) | 2013-03-22 |
EP1901326A1 (en) | 2008-03-19 |
US20090015189A1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
BRPI0703733B1 (en) | 2023-01-10 |
CA2601621A1 (en) | 2008-03-15 |
BRPI0703733A2 (en) | 2009-04-28 |
CN101145745B (en) | 2012-07-04 |
DK1901326T3 (en) | 2013-04-08 |
CA2601621C (en) | 2016-07-26 |
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