EP1893505A2 - Materiau d'isolation - Google Patents

Materiau d'isolation

Info

Publication number
EP1893505A2
EP1893505A2 EP06744341A EP06744341A EP1893505A2 EP 1893505 A2 EP1893505 A2 EP 1893505A2 EP 06744341 A EP06744341 A EP 06744341A EP 06744341 A EP06744341 A EP 06744341A EP 1893505 A2 EP1893505 A2 EP 1893505A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
film
dimples
sealing
dimpled
material according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06744341A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stephen c/o GASM Ltd TEW
Henrik c/o GASM Ltd HESS-PETERSEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Applications for Special Materials Ltd
Original Assignee
General Applications for Special Materials Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB0511355.0A external-priority patent/GB0511355D0/en
Application filed by General Applications for Special Materials Ltd filed Critical General Applications for Special Materials Ltd
Publication of EP1893505A2 publication Critical patent/EP1893505A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/06—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
    • F16L59/065—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum using vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/001—Joining in special atmospheres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/133—Fin-type joints, the parts to be joined being flexible
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/438—Joining sheets for making hollow-walled, channelled structures or multi-tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/826—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps without using a separate pressure application tool, e.g. the own weight of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8266—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps without using a separate pressure application tool, e.g. the own weight of the parts to be joined using fluid pressure directly acting on the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/82661—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps without using a separate pressure application tool, e.g. the own weight of the parts to be joined using fluid pressure directly acting on the parts to be joined by means of vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411—Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411—Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • B29C66/83413—Roller, cylinder or drum types cooperating rollers, cylinders or drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8351—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws
    • B29C66/83511—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders or drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/14—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a face layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side
    • B32B3/16—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a face layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side secured to a flexible backing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/12—Deep-drawing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B29C66/4326—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms for making hollow articles or hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B29C66/53461—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0001—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular acoustical properties
    • B29K2995/0002—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular acoustical properties insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0012—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular thermal properties
    • B29K2995/0015—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2024/00—Articles with hollow walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7138—Shock absorbing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
    • B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
    • B32B2439/70—Food packaging

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to insulating material and in particular, though not necessarily, to a lightweight thermally insulating material suitable for use in the manufacture of containers such as drinks containers, and in food packaging.
  • Metallic containers are typically of the "can" type having an open only mechanism such as a ring-pull, whilst glass and plastic containers are typically in the form of a bottle with a screw on lid.
  • metal might be considered the most preferred, firstly because it gives the drinker the best perceived taste, secondly because the materials used are generally recyclable, and thirdly because metallic containers are in practice unbreakable.
  • Glass might be considered the second choice material because it is both recyclable and gives a good taste sensation, with the disadvantage that glass containers are breakable.
  • Plastic might be considered the third choice material because of the perceived poor taste quality which it provides.
  • a problem with a standard beverage container is that, after removal from a cold storage environment, the temperature of the liquid within the container starts to rise due to heat transfer with the external environment. In the case of most soft drinks, this is undesirable.
  • the problem is particularly acute in the case of metallic containers as the metal walls conduct heat rapidly into the interior space.
  • JP 3254322 describes a dual tube construction can body, the space between the two tubes being either evacuated or filled with a heat insulating material.
  • US 6,474,498 describes a container having an outer can and an inner liner of "bubble wrap" material.
  • the known improved cans suffer from a number of disadvantages including: high cost, insufficient thermal insulation, poor recycleability, difficulty of manufacture, and an inability to cope with a pressurised content.
  • An insulating material is known from WO 98/07780 and DE 69819365T2 which comprises particles of aerogel embedded within a plastics matrix for moulding as an insert or for spray coating.
  • a material comprising a plurality of closed cells, the space within each cell being substantially evacuated.
  • the material comprises a dimpled film having a plurality of dimples protruding from a front side thereof, and a sealing film sealed to a reverse side of the dimpled film between the dimples, so that each dimple is closed by the sealing film to form one of the closed cells.
  • the films may be formed of a plastics material.
  • the films are made from a polymer such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • one or both of the films is preferably coated with a metal layer. If both are coated, the seal between the films may be a molecular seal between the metal layers. Alternatively, the seal may be a heat seal.
  • the metal may be aluminium, for example.
  • the dimples may be any suitable shape, but in one preferred embodiment they are substantially hemispherical.
  • a second sealing film is sealed to the top of each dimple so that the spaces between the dimples are closed to form further substantially evacuated closed cells. This may be facilitated if each dimple has a substantially flat top.
  • the dimples may be tessellated such that the spaces between the dimples are substantially the same size as the internal spaces of the dimples.
  • a "double layer” material having a second dimpled film sealed to a second sealing film in a similar manner to that described above, the two dimpled films being located adjacent one another with their front sides facing each other so that the dimples interlock.
  • the edges of such a material may be sealed, enabling the spaces between the interlocking dimples to be substantially evacuated.
  • the sealing film itself may have dimples formed therein, which may correspond to the dimples of the dimpled film and extending in the opposite direction. This arrangement enables larger cells to be formed simply.
  • the material comprises a shaped layer defining an array of cells, and at least one sealing layer sealed to at least one side of the shaped layer, so that each cell is closed by the sealing layer or layers.
  • Each cell may be substantially hexagonal.
  • the pressure in each closed cell is preferably less than about 10 "3 mbar, more preferably less than about 10 ⁇ mbar.
  • the material preferably comprises a reflective layer. This may be formed, for example, of silver.
  • the material is preferably formed as a sheet, which may be flexible.
  • the invention also provides a beverage container comprising a sheet of material as described above.
  • Typical beverage containers in which such material may be used include rigid cans and flexible pouches.
  • the invention also provides a sheet of insulating material suitable for use in food packaging.
  • a further embodiment provides a sheet suitable for decorating the walls or ceilings of a building.
  • the material of the invention may also include elements which must be kept under vacuum inside the closed cells.
  • Such elements may include data storage devices and/or trapped radiation or atoms.
  • an insulating material comprising a shaped film comprising a plurality of self-supporting pockets extending from a front side thereof, and a sealing film sealed to a reverse side of the shaped film between the pockets, so that each pocket forms a closed cell, each closed cell being substantially evacuated.
  • an insulating sheet comprising an array of substantially evacuated, self-supporting closed cells.
  • an insulating material comprising a plurality of substantially evacuated closed cells separated from each other by thin walls
  • a method of manufacturing a material comprising providing a dimpled film having a plurality of dimples protruding from a front side thereof and, in a vacuum, sealing a sealing film to a reverse side of the dimpled film between the dimples, so that each dimple is closed by the sealing film to form a substantially evacuated closed cell.
  • the vacuum is "locked in” to the cells so that the cells remain evacuated when the material is removed from the vacuum chamber.
  • the dimpled film may be formed by stamping a blank film of, for example, a plastics material.
  • a preferred material is a polymer such as polyethylene terephthalate.
  • the dimpled film and sealing film are preferably coated with metal, for example aluminium.
  • the metal preferably coats the inside of each dimple, to improve the vacuum-holding characteristics.
  • the step of coating with metal is preferably performed under vacuum, and in a preferred embodiment the steps of coating the films with metal and sealing the sealing film to the dimpled film are performed in the same vacuum chamber.
  • the step of coating with metal may include passing a current through the metal, vaporising it and spraying it onto the films.
  • the step of sealing preferably includes providing a positive charge to one of the films and a negative charge to the other of the films so that the metal coatings seal to each other by molecular attraction.
  • a second sealing film may be sealed to the tops of the dimples under vacuum.
  • the edges of the material may then be sealed under vacuum so that the spaces between the dimples remain evacuated when the material is removed from the vacuum.
  • a method of manufacturing a material comprising forming a shaped layer defining an array of cells and, under vacuum, sealing at least one sealing layer to the shaped layer on at least one side so that each cell is closed by the sealing layer or layers while under vacuum.
  • An element may be inserted into some or all of the cells before the sealing layers are sealed to close the cells. This provides a particularly useful way of storing small elements which must be kept under vacuum.
  • a data storage device for example, may be an element which could usefully be placed into one of the cells before sealing. Radiation or atoms may be trapped in one or more of the closed cells before sealing.
  • a method of manufacturing a material comprising: forming a dimpled film having a plurality of dimples protruding from a front side thereof, each dimple linked to each other dimple by a pathway; sealing a sealing film to a reverse side of the dimpled film between the dimples, so that each dimple is substantially closed by the sealing film, but with each dimple still linked to each other dimple by the pathways so that gas can travel between the dimples; evacuating the substantially closed dimples by placing the films in a vacuum; and closing the pathways between the dimples with the films still under vacuum so that each dimple forms a substantially evacuated closed cell.
  • the pathways may be closed by stamping the dimpled film.
  • This aspect enables the layers to be sealed together at atmospheric pressure.
  • the material can then be placed in a vacuum so that all the cells are evacuated via the pathways between them. If these pathways are closed while the material is under vacuum, the vacuum will again be “locked in” to each closed cell when the material is removed from the vacuum.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a thermally insulating material
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the thermally insulating material of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 illustrates a process for manufacturing the material of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative insulating material
  • Figure 5 illustrates a process for manufacturing the material of Figure 4
  • Figure 6 illustrates an alternative process for manufacturing the material of Figure 1
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a double layer insulating material
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative double layer insulating material
  • Figure 9 illustrates a process for manufacturing another alternative insulating material
  • Figure 10 is a plan view of a partially formed insulating material
  • Figure 11 is a cross section of an insulated beverage can
  • Figure 12A is a plan view of a cardboard carton; and
  • Figure 12B is a plan view of the carton of Figure 12A coated in an insulating material.
  • FIG 1 is a schematic view of a thermally insulating material 1.
  • the material is made from a film 2 of a mouldable material such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), in which is formed an array of hollow "bubbles" or dimples 3 extending away from one side of the film 2.
  • a sealing film 4 is sealed to the back of the film 2 between the dimples.
  • Each dimple thus forms an airtight closed cell 5.
  • the interior of each cell 5 is evacuated so that the air pressure inside the cell is less than 10 ⁇ mbar.
  • Figure 2 is a cross section through the material 1 of Figure 1, illustrating further details of construction.
  • a metal coating 6 is deposited on the back of the dimpled film 2, so as to coat the inside of the dimples 3 and the regions 7 between them.
  • Another metal coating 8 is deposited on the front of the sealing film 4.
  • a suitable metal for these coatings is aluminium. The metal coatings improve the impermeability of the cells 5 to air or other gases, by substantially preventing diffusion through the films.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a method suitable for manufacturing the material of Figures 1 and 2.
  • the film 2 is initially wound on a roller 10.
  • the roller 10 is placed in a vacuum chamber 11, which is evacuated to a pressure of less than 10 ⁇ mbar.
  • Another roller 12 has the sealing film 4 wound thereon, and this is also unwound within the vacuum chamber 11.
  • the sealing film 4 and film 2 are passed between a heated roller 13 and a profiled roller 14, having surface indentations matching the dimples 3 on the film 2.
  • the heated roller 13 and profiled roller 14 supply pressure towards each other so as to press the film 2 and sealing film 4 together to form a seal between the dimples 3. Since this operation is carried out under vacuum, the dimples 3 contain a vacuum when the seal is made. The vacuum is thus "locked in” to the closed cells 5 formed by the dimples. When the material is removed from the vacuum chamber, the closed cells 5 will remain evacuated.
  • a metal deposition system is also provided inside the vacuum chamber 11. This comprises a metal source 15.
  • the source 15 is heated and a current passed through it, causing the metal to vaporise.
  • the vaporised metal 17 coats the film 2 and sealing film 4 to form the layers 6, 7 shown in Figure 2.
  • a positive or negative charge is applied to the film 2, for example by applying a charge to the roller 10.
  • An opposite charge is applied to the sealing film 4, for example by applying the charge to the heated roller 13.
  • the material is passed over another roller 19 and wound onto a storage roller 20. It can then be removed from the vacuum chamber ready for use.
  • the evacuated closed cells 5 do not allow thermal conduction therethrough, and thus provide effective thermal insulation.
  • the cells 5 are coated with a metal layer 6, this is only a few nm thick and does not provide an effective conducting path for heat.
  • PVDC polyvinylidene chloride
  • Figure 4 is a cross section of an alternative insulating material 21.
  • the material is similar to the material 1 shown in Figure 2, but the metal coating 8 applied to the sealing film 4 is applied to the side facing away from the dimples 3.
  • the seals 7 between the dimples are formed by heat moulding the plastic of the sealing film 4 to the metal coating 6 on the film 2.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a method by which the insulating material 21 shown in Figure 4 may be manufactured. The method is similar to that shown in Figure 3, except that the metal source 26 for supplying vaporised metal 28 to the sealing film is located so that the metal coating is applied after the films 2, 4 have passed between the heated and profiled rollers 13, 14.
  • metal coating may not be necessary to include any metal coatings, as long as the material used for the film 2 and sealing film 4 is sufficiently impermeable to air.
  • the coatings may be deposited on the outside of the dimples, or on both sides of either or both films 2, 4. If suitable materials are used, it may be appropriate to use a metal film without a plastic layer, especially for the sealing film 4.
  • the molecular or metal-to-metal seal may be replaced by any suitable sealing mechanism capable of creating an airtight seal. Suitable examples include radio frequency sealing, heat sealing, foil induction heating, foil induction sealing, adhesives, or static charging.
  • Figure 6 illustrates an alternative method for manufacturing the material 1 of Figure 2.
  • the method is similar to that shown in Figure 3, except that the film 2 is stored on a roller 30 before the dimples 3 are formed therein.
  • the film 2 passes over an aligning roller 31 and through a stamp press 32 which presses the dimples into the film 2.
  • the film 2 is then sprayed with metal 17 and sealed to sealing film 4 as described with reference to Figure 2.
  • the stamp press 32 could be replaced by a pair of profiled rollers, for example.
  • Figure 7 is a cross section through a "double layer" insulating material 41.
  • the material is formed by two layers of material 1, similar to that shown in Figure 2, placed opposite each other so that the dimples interlock. It can be seen that a significant portion of the volume between the two sealing layers 4 is taken up by the evacuated cells 5, thus increasing the insulating properties of the material.
  • the two materials 1 may be sealed or welded to each other 43 around the edges while the material is still under vacuum. This ensures that the spaces 44 between the closed cells 5 are also evacuated, improving the insulating properties still further.
  • the dimples of each film may be tessellated in a suitable fashion to occupy the most space between the two sealing films 4. Suitable tessellations include square or hexagonal patterns.
  • Figure 8 is a cross section through another alternative insulating material 51.
  • the sealing film 52 has itself been formed with dimples 53, corresponding to the dimples 3 of the film 2.
  • the corresponding dimples 3, 53 extend in opposite directions to form a closed cell 5 when the regions 7 between the dimples 3, 53 are sealed.
  • the film 2 and sealing film 52 have been shown with metal coatings 6, 56 on the inside, with a metal to metal seal in the between-dimple regions 7, but it will be appreciated that other seals may be used, as described above.
  • the method of manufacture may involve two profiled rollers similar to the profiled rollers 14 shown in Figures 3, 5 and 6. Alternatively, static profiled stamps may be used to press the between-dimple regions 7 together. It will be appreciated that two layers of material 51 may be placed adjacent to each other to form a double layer material.
  • the dimples are shown in the figures as being substantially hemispherical. This shape has the advantage that it is structurally robust, and able to withstand external pressure when evacuated without collapsing.
  • hemispherical dimples are suitable for forming a double layer interlocking material, as shown in Figure 8. However, other dimple shapes may be used. If flat-topped dimples are used, it may be possible to seal an additional sealing film 64 to the opposite side of the material.
  • Figure 9 illustrates a suitable method for forming an insulating material having a dimpled film 2 sandwiched between two sealing films 4, 64.
  • the film is initially wound from a roller 10 in a vacuum chamber 11 and stamped using a press stamp 62 to form dimples 3.
  • the dimples 3 are flat topped.
  • Both sides of the dimpled film 2 are coated with metal from heated metal sources 65, 66.
  • the coated film 2 then passes between two heated rollers 13, 63, over which pass sealing films 4, 64.
  • the sealing films are themselves metal coated from metal sources 67, 68.
  • the film 2 is charged oppositely to the sealing films 4, 64 so that the metal coatings form molecular seals. Alternatively, other seals may be produced as described previously.
  • Seals are formed above and below the dimples while still under vacuum, so that the dimples 3 form closed cells, and the space between the dimples is also evacuated. If the edges of the dimples are arranged to contact each other or are linked, the spaces between the dimples will themselves form closed cells, each of which will remain evacuated when the material is removed from the vacuum. Thus virtually the whole of the interior of the material will be evacuated. If the dimples are individual, unlinked, shapes, it will be necessary to weld around the edges of the material while still under vacuum to ensure that the space between the dimples 3 remains evacuated. Suitable patterns for flat-topped dimples include hexagonal tessellations and square tessellations.
  • Figure 10 is a plan view of a dimpled film 2 for use in an alternative method of manufacture of an insulating material.
  • the dimples 3 are linked by pathways 72 which allow gas to move between the dimples.
  • the film 2 is sealed to a sealing film (not shown), and this sealing may or may not be done under vacuum, since the pathways remain open once the sealing is complete.
  • the sealed material may then be placed in a vacuum, thus enabling all of the dimples 3 to be evacuated at once via the pathways 72.
  • a stamp press or profiled roller may then be used to press down on the pathways 72 so as to close them, closing each of the dimples 3 to form evacuated closed cells.
  • the materials described above may be exceptionally thin by the usual standards of insulating material.
  • the plastic films are of the order of a few microns in thickness, and the metal coatings (if used) no more than a few nm.
  • the dimples and closed cells may be of the order of 1 mm from top to bottom, so the material can be 1 mm thick or less.
  • Figure 11 is a cross section through a typical beverage can 81.
  • the cylindrical wall around the can 81 has been lined with an insulating material 82, which may be any of the insulating materials described above.
  • the material is only provided around the edge of the can, as in practice this is where most heat enters the can. However, if necessary, the insulating material may be placed over the bottom of the can. For aesthetic reasons, it is preferred that the insulating material 82 is placed inside the can but it will be equally effective around the outside.
  • Figure 12A is a plan view of a typical cardboard carton 83 used to store liquids such as milk and the like before assembly.
  • Figure 12B shows the same carton lined with insulating material 84 described above, with the dimples 3 clearly visible. When such a carton is assembled, it will keep the milk at a constant temperature for a much longer period of time than conventional cartons.
  • a thin, flexible insulating material has many applications. It can be used to keep cold items cold, and also to prevent items getting cold. Typical applications include food packaging; beverage cans; bottles; flexible beverage pouches; medical packaging (e.g. for vaccines); containers of any other type; lining for the outside of battery cells; clothing; tents; wallpaper; confectionary wrappers; lining for plasterboards, woodboards, cement fibre boards etc. on the inside or outside; lagging or lining pipes; lining bricks (e.g.
  • Another application for such a material may be the storage of small elements which must be kept in a vacuum.
  • small data storage devices which must be kept under high vacuum. Such devices could be inserted into the cells of the materials described above before they are closed, and would then be stored in small vacuum "pockets". Similarly, radiation or atoms which must be contained under vacuum could be placed into the closed cells.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Sealing Material Composition (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un matériau comprenant une pluralité de cellules fermées, l'espace à l'intérieur de chaque cellule étant sensiblement sous vide. Ce matériau peut être obtenu par scellement sous vide d'un film alvéolé sur un film d'hermétisation de façon que chaque alvéole soit fermée sous vide afin que soit formée une cellule fermée sous vide.
EP06744341A 2005-06-03 2006-06-02 Materiau d'isolation Withdrawn EP1893505A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0511355.0A GB0511355D0 (en) 2005-06-03 2005-06-03 Insulated packaging
GB0602193A GB2426739A (en) 2005-06-03 2006-02-03 Insulating material
PCT/GB2006/050139 WO2006129130A2 (fr) 2005-06-03 2006-06-02 Materiau d'isolation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1893505A2 true EP1893505A2 (fr) 2008-03-05

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EP06744341A Withdrawn EP1893505A2 (fr) 2005-06-03 2006-06-02 Materiau d'isolation

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EP (1) EP1893505A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006129130A2 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100068471A1 (en) * 2008-09-15 2010-03-18 Thin Thermal Barriers Limited Thermal resistor material
JP6770070B2 (ja) 2015-11-11 2020-10-14 クナウフ ギプス カーゲー 断熱体を含む多層層状体
EP3415848A1 (fr) * 2017-06-13 2018-12-19 Liebherr-Hausgeräte Lienz GmbH Corps d'isolation sous vide

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DE2837721A1 (de) * 1978-08-30 1980-03-13 Dixie Union Verpackungen Gmbh Vakuumverpackungsmaschine
US4348442A (en) * 1979-08-17 1982-09-07 Figge Irving E Structural panel
US4703159A (en) * 1980-07-02 1987-10-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Method of manufacturing lightweight thermo-barrier material
GB2334090B (en) * 1998-02-06 2001-09-26 Gary R Markham Thermally insulated containers for liquids
JP2002337256A (ja) * 2001-05-18 2002-11-27 Jamco Corp 真空断熱パネルとその製造方法
ATE362835T1 (de) * 2002-08-22 2007-06-15 Sealed Air Corp Verfahren zur herstellung eines mehrschichtfolienartikels mit aufblasbaren kammern

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Title
See references of WO2006129130A2 *

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WO2006129130A2 (fr) 2006-12-07

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