EP1888794A1 - Method for producing a metallic component comprising adjacent sections having different material properties by means of press hardening - Google Patents

Method for producing a metallic component comprising adjacent sections having different material properties by means of press hardening

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Publication number
EP1888794A1
EP1888794A1 EP06763268A EP06763268A EP1888794A1 EP 1888794 A1 EP1888794 A1 EP 1888794A1 EP 06763268 A EP06763268 A EP 06763268A EP 06763268 A EP06763268 A EP 06763268A EP 1888794 A1 EP1888794 A1 EP 1888794A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheet metal
metal element
forming
component
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06763268A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1888794B1 (en
Inventor
Heiko Beenken
Thomas Heller
Franz-Josef Lenze
Sascha Sikora
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp Steel AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ThyssenKrupp Steel AG filed Critical ThyssenKrupp Steel AG
Priority to PL06763268T priority Critical patent/PL1888794T3/en
Publication of EP1888794A1 publication Critical patent/EP1888794A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1888794B1 publication Critical patent/EP1888794B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a metal component with adjoining sections of different material properties.
  • methods of this type are used to produce by press hardening, for example, manganese-boron steels components that have a uniform hardness profile of up to 1,500 MPa. Due to their low ductility remaining after the hardening process, components made of such steels are usually first preformed, then heated to austenitizing temperature and then rapidly cooled in a mold under high pressure. The parts obtained in this way, in addition to their high hardness on a good dimensional stability.
  • a hardened sheet metal profile can be produced by first forming an intermediate shape from a sheet metal blank, then heating this sheet metal profile to hardening temperature and finally cooling the heated sheet metal profile in a device similar to a deep drawing tool under the effect of a predetermined pressure.
  • the intermediate form produced in the first step of the method already corresponds approximately to the final shape of the component to be produced.
  • the device used for carrying out the known method has channel-like cooling arrangements, which, depending on the heat to be dissipated, are flushed through by oil, water, ice-water or saline solution. The cooling arrangements can be controlled separately from each other to form zones with mutually different degrees of hardness on the finished component.
  • the invention proposes a method for producing a metal component with adjoining sections of different material properties, in which a heated to a forming temperature sheet metal element is formed in a forming tool into a final molded component, wherein the forming a tempering device for adjusting the temperature has at least one of its coming into contact during forming with the sheet metal element portions, and in which the forming speed is controlled in consideration of the duration with which the temperature-controlled portion of the forming tool is in contact with each adjacent thereto portion of the sheet metal element.
  • the speed at which the transformation of the respectively processed sheet metal element takes place in its final shape so adjusted that with the tempered area of the tool, which have a relation to the adjacent sections different temperature, within an optimal for the desired work result
  • Period of time come into contact with the zones of the sheet metal element to be treated separately and that this contact is maintained over an equally optimal period taking into account the other general forming conditions.
  • the sheet metal element can be heated to a forming temperature according to the invention, from which it starts with a correspondingly rapid cooling to form hardened structures.
  • the tempering device is designed as a cooling device, which cools its respectively assigned section of the forming tool to such a low temperature that the zone of the sheet metal element in contact with this cooled section is quenched with a speed sufficient for the formation of the desired hardened structure.
  • the tempering device provided according to the invention can be designed as a heater be holding the portion of the tool, which is associated with the less hard zone of the finished sheet metal component, at such a high temperature that a contact of the sheet with this section a relatively soft structure is maintained.
  • tempering devices If a plurality of tempering devices are present, then specifically cooled and heated sections of the tool can be arranged closely adjacent to one another with the aim of minimizing the spread of undefined compound areas at the transition between a zone of high hardness and its neighboring surroundings in the finished sheet metal part and thus to produce perfectly precisely defined zones with different material properties in the finished component.
  • the inventively provided coupling of the forming speed of the position and propagation of the generated in the finished component zones of different material properties is in this context of particular importance.
  • the forming speed can be selected according to the invention such that the zone in question comes into contact with the strongly cooled section of the tool as quickly as possible.
  • the forming speed is reduced, for example, when a particular zone of the component is to cool particularly slowly in order to produce a softer microstructure there.
  • all sheet metal elements made of metal materials are suitable for the application of the method according to the invention, the structure of which changes when heated or cooled.
  • the method according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously for sheet metal elements which consist of steel.
  • the advantages of the invention can be used particularly targeted.
  • the sheet metal element used as the starting material in the method according to the invention is a flat sheet metal blank.
  • the heated sheet metal element is finished, for example, finished in the form of a deep-drawing process in the forming tool.
  • the targeted, locally limited cooling or heating treatment of the zones of the sheet metal element in which the special properties are to be generated takes place in the forming tool.
  • a further advantage of the procedure according to the invention is that they are particularly suitable for processing sheet metal elements having regions of different thickness.
  • the invention allows the formation of the desired, localized zones with certain material properties, which allow the forming speed and the respective temperature of the tool to adapt to the non-uniform thickness of the sheet metal element, that an optimal work result is obtained.
  • This has a particularly advantageous effect when the sheet metal element is composed of different, materially joined together, in particular by welding, sheet metal pieces.
  • Such sheet metal elements are commonly referred to as "tailored blanks". They are composed, for example, of pieces of sheet metal whose thickness or material properties, such as hardness and toughness, are adapted to the stresses to which the product produced from the tailored blank is exposed in practical use.
  • the forming tool can be any type of tool which, taking into account the respective shaping of the component to be produced, is suitable for exerting the required forming and pressing forces on the respective deformed sheet metal element.
  • Particularly suitable for this purpose are those forming tools which have a die and a die that can be set in the die for forming.
  • the inventive method is particularly suitable for the production of body parts, which in practical Use are exposed to changing loads.
  • spring strut receptacles can be produced particularly well, in which, for example, high strengths are required in the region of the strut tower, while higher extensibilities are required in the region of the flanks of the receptacles.
  • a purely martensitic, particularly firm structure can be specifically produced in the region of the spring strut dome by rapidly cooling this region during the forming process according to the invention and at a high cooling rate.
  • Another particularly advantageous application of the method according to the invention is the production of crash-relevant vehicle components which, in the event of a collision, must have a high energy absorption capacity and at the same time optimum strength.
  • the invention makes it possible by targeted heating of the forming tool in certain sections in the finished component to form zones in which particularly high residual strains are ensured.
  • Fig. 1 shows a forming tool in a first
  • Fig. 5 is a generated in the forming tool component.
  • the forming tool 1 is designed in the manner of a deep-drawing device and has a stationarily arranged die 2. In the die 2, a recess 3 is formed, which images the outer shape of the produced, forming a profile component B.
  • the forming tool 1 comprises a punch 4, which determines the inner shape of the component B to be produced.
  • the punch 4 can be moved by means of a setting device, not shown, from a starting position (FIG. 1) remote from the die 2 into its end position, in which it is completely retracted into the recess 3 of the die 2 (FIG. 3).
  • the adjusting device comprises a control device which controls the speed with which the punch 4 moves into the recess 3 of the die 2.
  • the punch 4 has a trapezoidal in cross-section basic shape with an end face 5 and obliquely to the end face 5 tapered side surfaces 6,7.
  • the stamp 4 is carried by an integrally connected thereto carrier 8, the lateral edge portions 9,10 are in the manner of a collar laterally beyond the side surfaces 6,7 of the punch 4 at the upper edge.
  • the lower edge surfaces 11,12 of the edge regions 9,10 are connected in a horizontal orientation to the side surfaces 6,7 of the punch 4.
  • not preformed sheet metal elements E are processed in the illustrated embodiment, which are in the manner of tailored blanks of two welded together, consisting of a steel material sheet metal parts Tl, T2 assembled.
  • the first sheet metal part 1 is thinner than the second sheet metal part T2 for weight savings.
  • cooling channels 13 are introduced into the stamp.
  • the cooling channels 13 are part of a further not shown as a cooling device first tempering. Depending on the respectively required degree of cooling, the cooling channels 13 are traversed by water, ice-water, a frozen salt solution, liquid nitrogen or another cooling medium which is suitable for the rapid removal of large amounts of heat.
  • Formed tempering which is also not shown here in detail further. Through the channels 16 The tempering is promoted a cooling oil, which causes a moderate cooling of the die in this area.
  • the sheet metal element E is first heated to austenitizing temperature in an oven, not shown here. Subsequently, the sheet metal element E is placed in the forming tool 1, so that it lies with its edge on the upper side of the die 2. If this is necessary for the further deformation of the sheet metal element E carried out in the forming tool 1, hold-downs, not shown, are now used, which hold down the sheet metal elements E in its edge region during the subsequent forming.
  • the Nierdehaltekraft exerted by the holddown can be adjusted depending on the particular deformation rate, to allow an optimized Nachfie filed the material of the sheet metal element 4 in the recess 3.
  • the punch 4 is placed at a high speed on the sheet metal element 4, so that the highly cooled end face 5 of the punch 4 quickly comes into intensive contact with its associated surface portion El of the sheet metal element E.
  • the sheet metal element E is quenched in this way in its section El so fast that there forms a zone with a hardness which is higher than the hardness of the other, adjacent to the section El sections E2 and E3 of the sheet metal element E.
  • the feed of the punch 4 is reduced in order not to cause cooling, in particular in the sections E2 and E3, which could lead to the formation of hardened structures.
  • the feed of the punch 4 is reduced in order not to cause cooling, in particular in the sections E2 and E3, which could lead to the formation of hardened structures.
  • the feed of the punch 4 is reduced in order not to cause cooling, in particular in the sections E2 and E3, which could lead to the formation of hardened structures.
  • the feed of the punch 4 is reduced in order not to cause cooling, in particular in the sections E2 and E3, which could lead to the formation of hardened structures.
  • the punch 4 After the punch 4 has fully retracted into the receptacle 3 of the die 2 and there pressed the sheet metal element 4 so finished that it has adopted the final shape of the manufactured component B, the punch moves 4 back to its original position. Due to the fact that the sheet metal element E has contracted as a result of cooling, the finished component B is still held on the punch 4, so that it can be easily removed from the die 2 and then separated from the punch 4.
  • the component B produced in this way by forming the sheet metal element E has a first zone Zl with a hardness which is higher than the hardness of the adjacent zones Z2 and Z3 of the component B.
  • the zone Z3 is followed by a zone Z4 of markedly lower hardness, however higher extensibility.
  • This zone Z4 corresponds to the region of the sheet metal element E, which has been cooled during the forming in the region of the heating coils 14 only to a small extent.
  • the zone Z2 corresponds to the region of the sheet metal element E, which has been cooled only moderately during the forming in the region of the side surface 15 of the die 2 and accordingly has an average hardness.
  • Tl sheet metal parts of the sheet metal element E Zl, Z2, Z3, Z4 zones of the component B

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a metallic component (B), whereby adjacent regions (Z1, Z2, Z3) having different material properties can be produced on the metallic component (B) in a simple manner. According to said method, a sheet metal element (E) heated to a forming temperature is shaped in a form tool (1) into an end component (B). The form tool (1) comprises a tempering device for regulating the temperature of at least one of the sections (5,7,16) thereof that comes into contact with the sheet metal element (E) during the forming process. The forming speed is controlled in such a way that the component regions with the desired increased hardness come into contact with the cooled form tool faster than adjacent regions with the desired reduced hardness. The invention is especially suitable for shaping sheet metal elements of different thicknesses that are interconnected with a material fit (tailored blanks).

Description

VERFAHREN ZUM HERSTELLEN EINES METALLBAUTEILS MIT ANEINANDER ANGRENZENDEN ABSCHNITTEN UNTERSCHIEDLICHER MATERIALEIGENSCHAFTEN, MITTELS PRESSHÄRTENMETHOD OF MANUFACTURING A METAL COMPONENT WITH ANY ADJUSTING SECTIONS OF DIFFERENT MATERIAL PROPERTIES, BY MEANS OF PRESSURE HARDENING
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Metallbauteils mit aneinander angrenzenden Abschnitten unterschiedlicher Materialeigenschaften .The invention relates to a method for producing a metal component with adjoining sections of different material properties.
In der Praxis werden Verfahren dieser Art eingesetzt, um durch Presshärten beispielsweise aus Mangan-Bor-Stählen Bauteile zu erzeugen, die einen gleichmäßigen Härteverlauf von bis zu 1.500 MPa aufweisen. Aufgrund der ihnen nach dem Härtevorgang verbleibenden geringen Dehnbarkeit werden aus solchen Stählen hergestellte Bauteile dazu üblicherweise zunächst vorgeformt, dann auf Austenitisierungstemperatur erwärmt und anschließend in einer Form unter hohem Druck schnell abgekühlt. Die auf diese Weise erhaltenen Teile weisen neben ihrer hohen Härte eine gute Maßhaltigkeit auf.In practice, methods of this type are used to produce by press hardening, for example, manganese-boron steels components that have a uniform hardness profile of up to 1,500 MPa. Due to their low ductility remaining after the hardening process, components made of such steels are usually first preformed, then heated to austenitizing temperature and then rapidly cooled in a mold under high pressure. The parts obtained in this way, in addition to their high hardness on a good dimensional stability.
Ein zum voranstehend genannten Stand der Technik zählendes Verfahren zum Presshärten ist beispielsweise aus der DE 103 41 867 Al bekannt. Gemäß diesem Verfahren lässt sich ein gehärtetes Blechprofil dadurch herstellen, dass zunächst aus einem Blechzuschnitt eine Zwischenform geformt wird, dieses Blechprofil dann auf Härtetemperatur erwärmt wird und dass das erwärmte Blechprofil abschließend in einer einem Tiefziehwerkzeug gleichenden Vorrichtung unter Wirkung einer vorgegebenen Pressung gezielt abgekühlt wird. Die im ersten Schritt des Verfahrens hergestellte Zwischenform entspricht dabei bereits annähernd der Endform des zu erzeugenden Bauteils. Die zur Durchführung des bekannten Verfahrens eingesetzte Vorrichtung weist kanalartige Kühlanordnungen auf, die, abhängig von der jeweils abzuführenden Wärme, von Öl, Wasser, Eiswasser oder Salzlösung durchspült werden. Die Kühlanordnungen können getrennt voneinander gesteuert werden, um am fertigen Bauteil Zonen mit voneinander unterschiedlichen Härtegraden auszubilden.One of the above-mentioned prior art counting method for press hardening is known for example from DE 103 41 867 Al. According to this method, a hardened sheet metal profile can be produced by first forming an intermediate shape from a sheet metal blank, then heating this sheet metal profile to hardening temperature and finally cooling the heated sheet metal profile in a device similar to a deep drawing tool under the effect of a predetermined pressure. The intermediate form produced in the first step of the method already corresponds approximately to the final shape of the component to be produced. The device used for carrying out the known method has channel-like cooling arrangements, which, depending on the heat to be dissipated, are flushed through by oil, water, ice-water or saline solution. The cooling arrangements can be controlled separately from each other to form zones with mutually different degrees of hardness on the finished component.
Trotz der auf diese Weise mit dem beispielsweise aus der DE 103 41 867 Al bekannten Verfahren erzielten Vorteile besteht die Forderung nach einem fertigungstechnisch vereinfacht durchführbaren Verfahren, das es erlaubt, aus einem Blechelement geformte Bauteile mit exakten vorbestimmbaren Zonen unterschiedlicher Materialeigenschaften herzustellen .Despite the advantages achieved in this way with the method known, for example, from DE 103 41 867 A1, there is a demand for a method which can be simplified in terms of manufacturing technology, which makes it possible to produce components formed from a sheet metal element with exact predeterminable zones of different material properties.
Um diese Forderung zu erfüllen, schlägt die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Metallbauteils mit aneinander angrenzenden Abschnitten unterschiedlicher Materialeigenschaften vor, bei dem ein auf eine Umformtemperatur erwärmtes Blechelement in einem Umformwerkzeug in ein endgeformtes Bauteil umgeformt wird, wobei das Umformwerkzeug eine Temperiereinrichtung zum Einstellen der Temperatur mindestens eines seiner während des Umformens mit dem Blechelement in Kontakt kommenden Abschnitte aufweist, und bei dem die Umformgeschwindigkeit unter Berücksichtigung der Dauer gesteuert wird, mit der der hinsichtlich seiner Temperatur geregelte Abschnitt des Umformwerkzeugs mit dem jeweils an ihm anliegenden Bereich des Blechelements in Kontakt steht.To meet this requirement, the invention proposes a method for producing a metal component with adjoining sections of different material properties, in which a heated to a forming temperature sheet metal element is formed in a forming tool into a final molded component, wherein the forming a tempering device for adjusting the temperature has at least one of its coming into contact during forming with the sheet metal element portions, and in which the forming speed is controlled in consideration of the duration with which the temperature-controlled portion of the forming tool is in contact with each adjacent thereto portion of the sheet metal element.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird ergänzend zu den aus der DE 103 41 867 Al bekannten Maßnahmen zur Herstellung eines fertigen Bauteils mit Zonen unterschiedlicher Materialeigenschaften, wie Festigkeit oder Verformbarkeit, die Geschwindigkeit, mit der die Umformung des jeweils bearbeiteten Blechelements in seine Endform erfolgt, so eingestellt, dass die mit dem temperierten Bereich des Werkzeugs, die eine gegenüber den benachbarten Abschnitten unterschiedliche Temperatur aufweisen, innerhalb einer für das angestrebte Arbeitsergebnis optimalen Zeitspanne mit den gesondert zu behandelnden Zonen des Blechelements in Kontakt kommen und dass dieser Kontakt unter Berücksichtigung der sonstigen allgemeinen Umformbedingungen über eine ebenso optimale Zeitdauer erhalten bleibt. Auf diese Weise lässt sich mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren innerhalb einer auf ein Minimum reduzierten Prozesszeit ein Blechbauteil erzeugen, das exakt bestimmte Zonen mit gegenüber seinen anderen Abschnitten unterschiedlichen Materialeigenschaften besitzt .According to the invention, in addition to the measures known from DE 103 41 867 A1 for producing a finished component with zones of different material properties, such as strength or deformability, the speed at which the transformation of the respectively processed sheet metal element takes place in its final shape, so adjusted that with the tempered area of the tool, which have a relation to the adjacent sections different temperature, within an optimal for the desired work result Period of time come into contact with the zones of the sheet metal element to be treated separately and that this contact is maintained over an equally optimal period taking into account the other general forming conditions. In this way, with the method according to the invention, within a process time reduced to a minimum, a sheet-metal component can be produced which has precisely determined zones with different material properties compared to its other sections.
Soll am fertigen Bauteil erfindungsgemäß eine Zone von höherer Härte als in der Umgebung erzeugt werden, so kann dazu erfindungsgemäß das Blechelement zunächst auf eine Umformtemperatur erwärmt werden, von der ausgehend es bei einer entsprechend schnellen Abkühlung zur Ausbildung von Härtegefüge kommt. Die Temperiereinrichtung ist in diesem Fall als Kühleinrichtung ausgelegt, die den ihr jeweils zugeordneten Abschnitt des Umformwerkzeugs auf eine so niedrige Temperatur abkühlt, dass die betreffende Zone des Blechelements bei Kontakt mit diesem gekühlten Abschnitt mit einer für die Entstehung des angestrebten Härtegefüges ausreichender Geschwindigkeit abgeschreckt wird.If, according to the invention, a zone of higher hardness than in the environment is to be produced on the finished component, the sheet metal element can be heated to a forming temperature according to the invention, from which it starts with a correspondingly rapid cooling to form hardened structures. In this case, the tempering device is designed as a cooling device, which cools its respectively assigned section of the forming tool to such a low temperature that the zone of the sheet metal element in contact with this cooled section is quenched with a speed sufficient for the formation of the desired hardened structure.
Umgekehrt ist es jedoch auch möglich, am fertigen Bauteil Zonen auszubilden, die eine geringere Härte aufweisen, als ihre Umgebung. Zu diesem Zweck kann die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Temperiereinrichtung als Heizung ausgebildet sein, die den Abschnitt des Werkzeugs, der der weniger harten Zone des fertigen Blechbauteils zugeordnet ist, auf einer so hohen Temperatur hält, dass bei einem Kontakt des Blechs mit diesem Abschnitt ein relativ weiches Gefüge erhalten bleibt.Conversely, however, it is also possible to form zones on the finished component which have a lower hardness than their surroundings. For this purpose, the tempering device provided according to the invention can be designed as a heater be holding the portion of the tool, which is associated with the less hard zone of the finished sheet metal component, at such a high temperature that a contact of the sheet with this section a relatively soft structure is maintained.
Sind mehrere Temperiereinrichtungen vorhanden, so können gezielt gekühlte und erwärmte Abschnitte des Werkzeugs eng benachbart zueinander angeordnet werden mit dem Ziel, im fertigen Blechteil die Ausbreitung von Bereichen mit Undefinierten Mischgefügen am Übergang zwischen einer Zone mit hoher Härte und ihrer benachbarten Umgebung auf ein Minimum zu reduzieren und so im fertigen Bauteil optimal exakt umgrenzte Zonen mit unterschiedlichen Materialeigenschaften zu erzeugen.If a plurality of tempering devices are present, then specifically cooled and heated sections of the tool can be arranged closely adjacent to one another with the aim of minimizing the spread of undefined compound areas at the transition between a zone of high hardness and its neighboring surroundings in the finished sheet metal part and thus to produce perfectly precisely defined zones with different material properties in the finished component.
Der erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Kopplung der Umformgeschwindigkeit an die Lage und Ausbreitung der im fertigen Bauteil zu erzeugenden Zonen unterschiedlicher Materialeigenschaften kommt in diesem Zusammenhang besondere Bedeutung zu. So kann zur Herstellung einer besonders harten Zone im fertigen Bauteil die Umformgeschwindigkeit erfindungsgemäß so gewählt werden, dass die betreffende Zone möglichst schnell mit dem stark gekühlten Abschnitt des Werkzeugs in Kontakt kommt. Umgekehrt wird die Umformgeschwindigkeit beispielsweise dann vermindert, wenn eine bestimmte Zone des Bauteils besonders langsam abkühlen soll, um dort ein weicheres Gefüge zu erzeugen.The inventively provided coupling of the forming speed of the position and propagation of the generated in the finished component zones of different material properties is in this context of particular importance. Thus, in order to produce a particularly hard zone in the finished component, the forming speed can be selected according to the invention such that the zone in question comes into contact with the strongly cooled section of the tool as quickly as possible. Conversely, the forming speed is reduced, for example, when a particular zone of the component is to cool particularly slowly in order to produce a softer microstructure there.
Die gezielte Ausprägung bestimmter Zonen, in denen am fertigen Blechbauteil besondere Materialeigenschaften vorliegen, kann zusätzlich dadurch unterstützt werden, dass während des Umformens auf einen Randbereich des Blechelements eine in Abhängigkeit von der Umformgeschwindigkeit geregelte Niederhaltekraft ausgeübt wird.The specific expression of certain zones in which the material properties present on the finished sheet-metal component can additionally be aided by the fact that during the forming on an edge region of the sheet-metal element a function of the Forming speed regulated hold-down force is exercised.
Grundsätzlich sind für die Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens alle Blechelemente aus Metallmaterialen geeignet, deren Struktur sich bei einer Erwärmung bzw. Abkühlung verändert. Besonders vorteilhaft lässt sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren jedoch für Blechelemente anwenden, die aus Stahl bestehen. Gerade bei aus Stahlwerkstoff gefertigten Blechelementen lassen sich die Vorteile der Erfindung besonders zielgerichtet einsetzen.Basically, all sheet metal elements made of metal materials are suitable for the application of the method according to the invention, the structure of which changes when heated or cooled. However, the method according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously for sheet metal elements which consist of steel. Especially with sheet metal elements made of steel material, the advantages of the invention can be used particularly targeted.
Eine aus fertigungstechnischer Sicht besonders günstige Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das als Ausgangsprodukt beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren eingesetzte Blechelement ein ebener Blechzuschnitt ist. Bei dieser Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird, anders als beim Stand der Technik, ein noch nicht verformtes, ebenes Blechteil auf die jeweilige Umformtemperatur gebracht, von der ausgehend die im Zuge des anschließenden Umformprozesses zu erzeugenden, lokal unterschiedlichen Materialeigenschaften des Blechs erzielt werden können. Anschließend wird das erwärmte Blechelement beispielsweise nach Art eines Tiefziehprozesses im Umformwerkzeug fertig umgeformt. Gleichzeitig findet im Umformwerkzeug die gezielte, lokal begrenzte Abkühl- bzw. Erwärmungsbehandlung der Zonen des Blechelements statt, in denen die besonderen Eigenschaften erzeugt werden sollen. Im Ergebnis wird so unter Einsparung mindestens eines vollständigen, beim eingangs diskutierten Stand der Technik stets erforderlichen Arbeitsgangs, nämlich des Vorformens, ein aus einem Blech fertiggeformtes Bauteil erhalten, das exakt bestimmte, lokal begrenzte Bereiche mit besonderen, sich gegenüber den angrenzenden Bereichen des fertigen Bauteils unterscheidenden Materialeigenschaften, wie einer höheren Härte, aufweist.An embodiment of the invention which is particularly favorable from a production point of view is characterized in that the sheet metal element used as the starting material in the method according to the invention is a flat sheet metal blank. In this variant of the method according to the invention, unlike in the prior art, a not yet deformed, flat sheet metal part brought to the respective forming temperature, from which starting to be generated in the course of the subsequent forming process, locally different material properties of the sheet can be achieved. Subsequently, the heated sheet metal element is finished, for example, finished in the form of a deep-drawing process in the forming tool. At the same time the targeted, locally limited cooling or heating treatment of the zones of the sheet metal element in which the special properties are to be generated takes place in the forming tool. As a result, while saving at least one complete, always required at the beginning of the prior art always required operation, namely preforming, a finished sheet metal component is obtained, the precisely certain, locally limited areas with particular, compared to the adjacent Has areas of the finished component differing material properties, such as a higher hardness, having.
Ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Vorgehensweise besteht darin, dass sie sich insbesondere zur Verarbeitung von Blechelementen eignen, die Bereiche unterschiedlicher Dicke aufweisen. Gerade bei Umformung solcher Blechelemente ermöglicht die Erfindung die Ausbildung der angestrebten, lokal begrenzten Zonen mit bestimmten Materialeigenschaften, die es erlauben, die Umformgeschwindigkeit und die jeweilige Temperierung des Werkzeugs auf die ungleichförmige Dicke des Blechelements anzupassen, dass ein optimales Arbeitsergebnis erhalten wird. Besonders vorteilhaft wirkt sich dies dann aus, wenn das Blechelement aus unterschiedlichen miteinander stoffschlüssig, insbesondere durch Verschweißen, verbundenen Blechstücken zusammengesetzt ist. Solche Blechelemente werden üblicherweise als "Tailored Blanks" bezeichnet. Sie sind beispielsweise aus Blechstücken zusammengesetzt, deren Dicke oder Materialeigenschaft, wie Härte und Zähigkeit, an die Belastungen angepasst sind, denen das aus dem Tailored Blank hergestellte Produkt im praktischen Einsatz ausgesetzt ist.A further advantage of the procedure according to the invention is that they are particularly suitable for processing sheet metal elements having regions of different thickness. Especially when forming such sheet metal elements, the invention allows the formation of the desired, localized zones with certain material properties, which allow the forming speed and the respective temperature of the tool to adapt to the non-uniform thickness of the sheet metal element, that an optimal work result is obtained. This has a particularly advantageous effect when the sheet metal element is composed of different, materially joined together, in particular by welding, sheet metal pieces. Such sheet metal elements are commonly referred to as "tailored blanks". They are composed, for example, of pieces of sheet metal whose thickness or material properties, such as hardness and toughness, are adapted to the stresses to which the product produced from the tailored blank is exposed in practical use.
Bei dem Umformwerkzeug kann es sich um jede Art von Werkzeug handeln, das unter Berücksichtigung der jeweiligen Formgebung des zu erzeugenden Bauteils geeignet ist, die geforderten Umform- und Presskräfte auf das jeweils verformte Blechelement auszuüben. Zu diesem Zweck eignen sich insbesondere solche Umformwerkzeuge, die eine Matrize und einen zum Umformen in die Matrize stellbaren Stempel aufweisen.The forming tool can be any type of tool which, taking into account the respective shaping of the component to be produced, is suitable for exerting the required forming and pressing forces on the respective deformed sheet metal element. Particularly suitable for this purpose are those forming tools which have a die and a die that can be set in the die for forming.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eignet sich besonders zur Herstellung von Karosseriebauteilen, die im praktischen Einsatz wechselnden Belastungen ausgesetzt sind. So lassen sich auf erfindungsgemäße Weise besonders gut Federbeinaufnahmen herstellen, bei denen beispielsweise im Bereich des Federbeindoms hohe Festigkeiten gefordert werden, während im Bereich der Flanken der Aufnahmen höhere Dehnbarkeiten erforderlich sind. Mittels der Erfindung kann im Bereich des Federbeindoms gezielt ein rein martensitisches, besonders festes Gefüge erzeugt werden, indem dieser Bereich bei der erfindungsgemäßen Umformung schnell und mit hoher Abkühlgeschwindigkeit gekühlt wird. Durch den einen zeitverzögerten Kontakt des Werkzeugs mit den anderen Teilen der Federbeinaufnahme kann dort ebenso gezielt ein bainitisches, perlitisches, ferritisches oder ein Mischgefüge erzeugt werden, das den an die jeweils geforderte Dehnbarkeit bzw. Festigkeit gestellten Anforderungen optimal genügt.The inventive method is particularly suitable for the production of body parts, which in practical Use are exposed to changing loads. Thus, in the manner according to the invention, spring strut receptacles can be produced particularly well, in which, for example, high strengths are required in the region of the strut tower, while higher extensibilities are required in the region of the flanks of the receptacles. By means of the invention, a purely martensitic, particularly firm structure can be specifically produced in the region of the spring strut dome by rapidly cooling this region during the forming process according to the invention and at a high cooling rate. By a time-delayed contact of the tool with the other parts of the shock absorber receiving a bainitic, pearlitic, ferritic or a mixed structure can be generated there just as well, which optimally satisfies the demands placed on the respectively required extensibility or strength.
Eine weitere besonders vorteilhafte Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist die Herstellung von crashrelevanten Fahrzeugbauteilen, die im Fall eines Zusammenstoßes ein hohes Energieaufnahmevermögen bei gleichzeitig optimaler Festigkeit besitzen müssen. In diesem Fall ermöglicht es die Erfindung, durch gezieltes Beheizen des Umformwerkzeugs in bestimmten Abschnitten im fertigen Bauteil Zonen auszubilden, in denen besonders hohe Restdehnungen gewährleistet sind.Another particularly advantageous application of the method according to the invention is the production of crash-relevant vehicle components which, in the event of a collision, must have a high energy absorption capacity and at the same time optimum strength. In this case, the invention makes it possible by targeted heating of the forming tool in certain sections in the finished component to form zones in which particularly high residual strains are ensured.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand einer ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen jeweils schematisch:The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing illustrating an exemplary embodiment. Each show schematically:
Fig. 1 ein Umformwerkzeug in einer erstenFig. 1 shows a forming tool in a first
Betriebsstellung in einer Schnittansicht; Fig. 2 das Umformwerkzeug in einer zweitenOperating position in a sectional view; Fig. 2, the forming tool in a second
Betriebsstellung in einer Schnittansicht;Operating position in a sectional view;
Fig. 3 das Umformwerkzeug in einer drittenFig. 3, the forming tool in a third
Betriebsstellung in einer Schnittansicht;Operating position in a sectional view;
Fig. 4 das Umformwerkzeug in einer viertenFig. 4, the forming tool in a fourth
Betriebsstellung in einer Schnittansicht;Operating position in a sectional view;
Fig. 5 ein in dem Umformwerkzeug erzeugtes Bauteil.Fig. 5 is a generated in the forming tool component.
Das Umformwerkzeug 1 ist nach Art einer Tiefziehvorrichtung ausgebildet und weist eine ortsfest angeordnete Matrize 2 auf. In die Matrize 2 ist eine Ausnehmung 3 eingeformt, die die Außenform des herzustellenden, ein Profil bildenden Bauteils B abbildet.The forming tool 1 is designed in the manner of a deep-drawing device and has a stationarily arranged die 2. In the die 2, a recess 3 is formed, which images the outer shape of the produced, forming a profile component B.
Zusätzlich umfasst das Umformwerkzeug 1 einen Stempel 4, der die Innenform des herzustellenden Bauteils B bestimmt. Der Stempel 4 kann mittels einer nicht gezeigten Stelleinrichtung aus einer von der Matrize 2 entfernten Ausgangsstellung (Fig. 1) in seine Endstellung bewegt werden, in der er vollständig in die Ausnehmung 3 der Matrize 2 eingefahren ist (Fig. 3) . Die Stelleinrichtung umfasst dabei eine Steuereinrichtung, die die Geschwindigkeit, mit der der Stempel 4 in die Ausnehmung 3 der Matrize 2 einfährt, kontrolliert.In addition, the forming tool 1 comprises a punch 4, which determines the inner shape of the component B to be produced. The punch 4 can be moved by means of a setting device, not shown, from a starting position (FIG. 1) remote from the die 2 into its end position, in which it is completely retracted into the recess 3 of the die 2 (FIG. 3). The adjusting device comprises a control device which controls the speed with which the punch 4 moves into the recess 3 of the die 2.
Der Stempel 4 besitzt eine im Querschnitt trapezförmige Grundform mit einer Stirnfläche 5 und schräg auf die Stirnfläche 5 zulaufenden Seitenflächen 6,7. Getragen wird der Stempel 4 von einem einstückig mit ihm verbundenen Träger 8, dessen seitliche Randbereiche 9,10 nach Art eines Kragens seitlich über die Seitenflächen 6,7 des Stempels 4 an deren oberen Rand hinaus stehen. Die unteren Randflächen 11,12 der Randbereiche 9,10 sind dabei in horizontaler Ausrichtung an die Seitenflächen 6,7 des Stempels 4 angeschlossen.The punch 4 has a trapezoidal in cross-section basic shape with an end face 5 and obliquely to the end face 5 tapered side surfaces 6,7. The stamp 4 is carried by an integrally connected thereto carrier 8, the lateral edge portions 9,10 are in the manner of a collar laterally beyond the side surfaces 6,7 of the punch 4 at the upper edge. The lower edge surfaces 11,12 of the edge regions 9,10 are connected in a horizontal orientation to the side surfaces 6,7 of the punch 4.
Im Umformwerkzeug 1 werden beim hier erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiel ebene, nicht vorgeformte Blechelemente E verarbeitet, die nach Art von Tailored Blanks aus zwei miteinander verschweißten, aus einem Stahlwerkstoff bestehenden Blechteilen Tl, T2 zusammengesetzt sind. Das erste Blechteil 1 ist dabei zur Gewichtsersparnis dünner ausgebildet als das zweite Blechteil T2.In the forming tool 1 planar, not preformed sheet metal elements E are processed in the illustrated embodiment, which are in the manner of tailored blanks of two welded together, consisting of a steel material sheet metal parts Tl, T2 assembled. The first sheet metal part 1 is thinner than the second sheet metal part T2 for weight savings.
Im Bereich seiner beim Einfahren in die Ausnehmung 3 der Matrize 2 zuerst mit dem Blechelement E in Kontakt kommenden Stirnseite 5 sind in den Stempel 4 Kühlkanäle 13 eingebracht. Die Kühlkanäle 13 sind Teil einer weiter nicht dargestellten als Kühleinrichtung ausgebildeten ersten Temperiereinrichtung. Abhängig vom jeweils erforderlichen Kühlgrad werden die Kühlkanäle 13 von Wasser, Eiswasser, einer tiefgekühlten Salzlösung, flüssigem Stickstoff oder einem anderen Kühlmedium durchströmt, das zum schnellen Abtransport großer Wärmemengen geeignet ist.In the area of his first entering into the recess 3 of the die 2 in contact with the sheet metal element E end face 5 cooling channels 13 are introduced into the stamp. The cooling channels 13 are part of a further not shown as a cooling device first tempering. Depending on the respectively required degree of cooling, the cooling channels 13 are traversed by water, ice-water, a frozen salt solution, liquid nitrogen or another cooling medium which is suitable for the rapid removal of large amounts of heat.
Im dem dickeren Blechteil T2 des Blechelements E zugeordneten Übergangsbereich, an dem die eine Seitenfläche 7 des Stempels 4 in die angrenzende untere Randfläche 12 des Trägers 8 übergeht, liegen im Stempel 4 Heizschlangen 14 einer zweiten, als Heizeinrichtung ausgebildeten und weiter ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Temperiereinrichtung.In the thicker sheet metal part T2 of the sheet metal element E associated transition region at which merges the one side surface 7 of the punch 4 in the adjacent lower edge surface 12 of the carrier 8, are in the stamp 4 heating coils 14 of a second, designed as a heater and further also not shown tempering.
Ebenso sind in der Matrize 2 im Bereich der Seitenfläche 15 der Ausnehmung 3, die der Seitenfläche 6 des Stempels 4 zugeordnet ist, Kanäle 16 einer drittenSimilarly, in the die 2 in the region of the side surface 15 of the recess 3, which is associated with the side surface 6 of the punch 4, channels 16 of a third
Temperiereinrichtung eingeformt, die hier ebenfalls im Einzelnen weiter nicht dargestellt ist. Durch die Kanäle 16 der Temperiereinrichtung wird ein Kühlöl gefördert, das eine moderate Kühlung der Matrize in diesem Bereich bewirkt .Formed tempering, which is also not shown here in detail further. Through the channels 16 The tempering is promoted a cooling oil, which causes a moderate cooling of the die in this area.
Zum Herstellen des Bauteils B wird das Blechelement E zunächst in einem hier nicht gezeigten Ofen auf Austenitisierungstemperatur erwärmt. Anschließend wird das Blechelement E in das Umformwerkzeug 1 gelegt, so dass es mit seinem Rand auf der Oberseite der Matrize 2 liegt. Falls dies für die weitere im Umformwerkzeug 1 vorgenommene Verformung des Blechelements E erforderlich ist, werden nun nicht dargestellte Niederhalter angesetzt, die das Blechelemente E in seinem Randbereich während der anschließenden Umformung niederhalten. Die vom Niederhalter ausgeübte Nierdehaltekraft kann dabei in Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Umformgeschwindigkeit verstellt werden, um ein optimiertes Nachfließen des Werkstoffs des Blechelements 4 in die Ausnehmung 3 zu ermöglichen.To produce the component B, the sheet metal element E is first heated to austenitizing temperature in an oven, not shown here. Subsequently, the sheet metal element E is placed in the forming tool 1, so that it lies with its edge on the upper side of the die 2. If this is necessary for the further deformation of the sheet metal element E carried out in the forming tool 1, hold-downs, not shown, are now used, which hold down the sheet metal elements E in its edge region during the subsequent forming. The Nierdehaltekraft exerted by the holddown can be adjusted depending on the particular deformation rate, to allow an optimized Nachfießen the material of the sheet metal element 4 in the recess 3.
Daraufhin wird der Stempel 4 mit einer hohen Geschwindigkeit auf das Blechelement 4 aufgesetzt, so dass die stark gekühlte Stirnseite 5 des Stempels 4 schnell in intensiven Kontakt mit dem ihr zugeordneten Flächenabschnitt El des Blechelement E kommt. Das Blechelement E wird auf diese Weise in seinem Abschnitt El so schnell abgeschreckt, dass sich dort eine Zone mit einer Härte bildet, die höher ist als die Härte der anderen, an den Abschnitt El angrenzenden Abschnitte E2 und E3 des Blechelements E.Then, the punch 4 is placed at a high speed on the sheet metal element 4, so that the highly cooled end face 5 of the punch 4 quickly comes into intensive contact with its associated surface portion El of the sheet metal element E. The sheet metal element E is quenched in this way in its section El so fast that there forms a zone with a hardness which is higher than the hardness of the other, adjacent to the section El sections E2 and E3 of the sheet metal element E.
Anschließend wird der Vorschub des Stempels 4 vermindert, um insbesondere in den Abschnitten E2 und E3 keine Abkühlung zu bewirken, die zur Entstehung von Härtegefüge führen könnte. Dabei erfolgt insbesondere im Bereich der Heizschlangen 14 nur eine verminderte Wärmeabfuhr über den Stempel 4, so dass in den Bereichen des Blechelements E, das mit diesem Bereich des Stempels 4 in Berührung kommt, ein weicheres, zäheres Gefüge erhalten bleibt. In den Bereichen, die über die mittels des durch die Kanäle 16 strömenden Kühlöls nur moderat gekühlte Seitenflächen gekühlt werden, bildet sich bei der Verformung im Abschnitt E2 des Blechelements E eine Zone, in der der gehärtete Abschnitt El allmählich übergeht in eine weichere, nachgiebigere Zone des fertigen Bauteils B.Subsequently, the feed of the punch 4 is reduced in order not to cause cooling, in particular in the sections E2 and E3, which could lead to the formation of hardened structures. In this case, in particular in the region of the heating coils 14 only a reduced heat dissipation over the Stamp 4, so that in the areas of the sheet metal element E, which comes into contact with this area of the punch 4, a softer, tougher structure is maintained. In the areas which are cooled only moderately cooled side surfaces via the cooling oil flowing through the channels 16, in the deformation in the section E2 of the sheet metal element E forms a zone in which the hardened portion El gradually merges into a softer, more compliant zone of the finished component B.
Nachdem der Stempel 4 vollständig in die Aufnahme 3 der Matrize 2 eingefahren und dort das Blechelement 4 so fertig verpresst hat, dass es die Endform des herzustellenden Bauteils B angenommen hat, fährt der Stempel 4 wieder in seine Ausgangsstellung zurück. Aufgrund dessen, dass sich das Blechelement E in Folge der Abkühlung zusammengezogen hat, wird das fertige Bauteil B dabei noch an dem Stempel 4 gehalten, so dass es leicht aus der Matrize 2 entnommen und anschließend von dem Stempel 4 getrennt werden kann.After the punch 4 has fully retracted into the receptacle 3 of the die 2 and there pressed the sheet metal element 4 so finished that it has adopted the final shape of the manufactured component B, the punch moves 4 back to its original position. Due to the fact that the sheet metal element E has contracted as a result of cooling, the finished component B is still held on the punch 4, so that it can be easily removed from the die 2 and then separated from the punch 4.
Das derart durch Umformen des Blechelements E erzeugte Bauteil B weist eine erste Zone Zl mit einer Härte auf, die höher ist als die Härte der angrenzenden Zonen Z2 und Z3 des Bauteils B. An die Zone Z3 schließt sich eine Zone Z4 deutlich geringerer Härte, jedoch höherer Dehnbarkeit an. Diese Zone Z4 entspricht dem Bereich des Blechelements E, der während der Umformung im Bereich der Heizschlangen 14 nur im geringen Maße gekühlt worden ist. Die Zone Z2 entspricht dem Bereich des Blechelements E, der während der Umformung im Bereich der Seitenfläche 15 der Matrize 2 nur moderat gekühlt worden ist und weist dementsprechend eine mittlere Härte auf. BEZUGSZEICHENThe component B produced in this way by forming the sheet metal element E has a first zone Zl with a hardness which is higher than the hardness of the adjacent zones Z2 and Z3 of the component B. The zone Z3 is followed by a zone Z4 of markedly lower hardness, however higher extensibility. This zone Z4 corresponds to the region of the sheet metal element E, which has been cooled during the forming in the region of the heating coils 14 only to a small extent. The zone Z2 corresponds to the region of the sheet metal element E, which has been cooled only moderately during the forming in the region of the side surface 15 of the die 2 and accordingly has an average hardness. REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Umformwerkzeug1 forming tool
2 Matrize2 matrix
3 Ausnehmung3 recess
4 Stempel4 stamps
5 Stirnfläche des Stempels 45 face of the punch 4
6 , 7 Seitenflächen des Stempels 46, 7 side surfaces of the punch 4
QQ
O TrägerO carrier
9 , 10 seitliche Randbereiche des Trägers 89, 10 lateral edge regions of the carrier. 8
11 , 12 untere Randflächen der Randbereiche 9,1011, 12 lower edge surfaces of the edge regions 9,10
13 Kühlkanäle13 cooling channels
14 Heizschlangen14 heating coils
15 Seitenfläche der Ausnehmung 315 side surface of the recess 3
16 Kanäle16 channels
B BauteilB component
E BlechelementE sheet metal element
El , E2 , E3 Abschnitte des Blechelements EEl, E2, E3 sections of the sheet metal element E
Tl , T2 Blechteile des Blechelements E Zl,Z2,Z3,Z4 Zonen des Bauteils B Tl, T2 sheet metal parts of the sheet metal element E Zl, Z2, Z3, Z4 zones of the component B

Claims

P A T E N T AN S P R Ü C H E PATENT AT SPRU
1. Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Metallbauteils (B) mit aneinander angrenzenden Zonen (Zl,Z2,Z3) unterschiedlicher Materialeigenschaften, bei dem ein auf eine Umformtemperatur erwärmtes Blechelement (E) in einem Umformwerkzeug (1) in ein endgeformtes Bauteil (B) umgeformt wird, wobei das Umformwerkzeug (1) eine Temperiereinrichtung zum Einstellen der Temperatur mindestens eines seiner während des Umformens mit dem Blechelement (E) in Kontakt kommenden Abschnitte1. A method for producing a metal component (B) with adjoining zones (Zl, Z2, Z3) of different material properties, in which a heated to a forming temperature sheet metal element (E) in a forming tool (1) in a final molded component (B) is formed wherein the forming tool (1) comprises tempering means for adjusting the temperature of at least one of its portions coming into contact with the sheet metal element (E) during forming
(5,7,16) aufweist, und bei dem die(5,7,16), and in which the
Umformgeschwindigkeit unter Berücksichtigung der Dauer gesteuert wird, mit der der hinsichtlich seiner Temperatur geregelte Abschnitt (5,7,16) des Umformwerkzeugs (1) mit dem jeweils an ihm anliegenden Bereich (El,E2,E3) des Blechelement (E) in Kontakt steht.Forming speed is controlled taking into account the duration with which the temperature-controlled portion (5,7,16) of the forming tool (1) with each adjacent to him area (El, E2, E3) of the sheet metal element (E) is in contact ,
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s das Blechelement (E) aus Stahl besteht.2. The method of claim 1, wherein the sheet metal element (E) is made of steel.
3. Verfahren nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s das Blechelement (E) ein ebener Blechzuschnitt ist. 3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheet metal element (E) is a flat sheet metal blank.
4. Verfahren nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s das Blechelement (E) Bereiche unterschiedlicher Dicke (Tl, T2) aufweist.4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheet-metal element (E) has regions of different thicknesses (T1, T2).
5. Verfahren nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s das Blechelement aus unterschiedlichen miteinander Stoffschlüssig verbundenen Blechteilen (Tl, T2) zusammengesetzt ist.5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sheet-metal element is composed of different sheet-metal parts (T1, T2) joined to one another in a material-locking manner.
6. Verfahren nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s die Umformtemperatur einer Härtetemperatur entspricht, von der ausgehend sich bei einer Abkühlung in dem Blechelement (E) ein Härtegefüge bildet.6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the forming temperature corresponds to a hardening temperature, from which, upon cooling in the sheet metal element (E), a hardening structure is formed.
7. Verfahren nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s das Umformwerkzeug (1) eine Matrize (2) und einen zum Umformen in einer Ausnehmung (3) der Matrize (2) stellbaren Stempel (4) aufweist.7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the forming tool (1) has a die (2) and a die (4) adjustable for forming in a recess (3) of the die (2).
8. Verfahren nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s die Temperiereinrichtung eine Kühleinrichtung (13,16) ist.8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tempering device is a cooling device (13, 16).
9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s die Temperiereinrichtung eine Heizung (14) ist. 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the tempering device is a heater (14).
10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s mindestens einem Abschnitt (7) des Umformwerkzeugs (1) als Temperiereinrichtung eine Kühleinrichtung (13,16) und mindestens einem anderen Abschnitt des Umformwerkzeugs als Temperiereinrichtung eine Heizung10. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one section (7) of the forming tool (1) is a cooling device (13, 16) as tempering device and at least one other section of the forming tool is a heating element
(14) zugeordnet ist.(14) is assigned.
11. Verfahren nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s während des Umformens auf einen Randbereich des Blechelements eine in Abhängigkeit von der Umformgeschwindigkeit geregelte Niederhaltekraft ausgeübt wird. 11. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, during the forming on an edge region of the sheet metal element, a hold-down force regulated as a function of the deformation speed is exerted.
EP06763268A 2005-05-30 2006-05-24 Method for producing a metallic component comprising adjacent sections having different material properties Active EP1888794B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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PL06763268T PL1888794T3 (en) 2005-05-30 2006-05-24 Method for producing a metallic component comprising adjacent sections having different material properties

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DE102005025026A DE102005025026B3 (en) 2005-05-30 2005-05-30 Production of metal components with adjacent zones of different characteristics comprises press-molding sheet metal using ram and female mold, surfaces of ram which contact sheet being heated and time of contact being controlled
PCT/EP2006/062579 WO2006128821A1 (en) 2005-05-30 2006-05-24 Method for producing a metallic component comprising adjacent sections having different material properties by means of press hardening

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EP1888794A1 true EP1888794A1 (en) 2008-02-20
EP1888794B1 EP1888794B1 (en) 2012-05-16

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US (1) US8118954B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1888794B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5568235B2 (en)
CN (2) CN101189350A (en)
BR (1) BRPI0610872B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2610378C (en)
DE (1) DE102005025026B3 (en)
ES (1) ES2385579T3 (en)
PL (1) PL1888794T3 (en)
PT (1) PT1888794E (en)
WO (1) WO2006128821A1 (en)

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DE102005025026B3 (en) 2006-10-19
ES2385579T3 (en) 2012-07-26
JP2008542031A (en) 2008-11-27
EP1888794B1 (en) 2012-05-16
JP5568235B2 (en) 2014-08-06
CN101189350A (en) 2008-05-28
PT1888794E (en) 2012-07-12
US20080196800A1 (en) 2008-08-21
BRPI0610872A2 (en) 2010-08-03
CN103382518B (en) 2015-10-21
CN103382518A (en) 2013-11-06
US8118954B2 (en) 2012-02-21
PL1888794T3 (en) 2012-09-28
CA2610378A1 (en) 2006-12-07
CA2610378C (en) 2013-06-18
WO2006128821A1 (en) 2006-12-07
BRPI0610872B1 (en) 2018-02-27

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