EP1876673B1 - Directional antenna for transmitting and/or receiving audio/video signals - Google Patents

Directional antenna for transmitting and/or receiving audio/video signals Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1876673B1
EP1876673B1 EP06447089A EP06447089A EP1876673B1 EP 1876673 B1 EP1876673 B1 EP 1876673B1 EP 06447089 A EP06447089 A EP 06447089A EP 06447089 A EP06447089 A EP 06447089A EP 1876673 B1 EP1876673 B1 EP 1876673B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
elements
relay
gain
set forth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06447089A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1876673A1 (en
Inventor
Philippe Herman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE602006002819T priority Critical patent/DE602006002819D1/en
Priority to AT06447089T priority patent/ATE408905T1/en
Priority to EP06447089A priority patent/EP1876673B1/en
Publication of EP1876673A1 publication Critical patent/EP1876673A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1876673B1 publication Critical patent/EP1876673B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a directional antenna for transmitting and / or receiving audio and / or video signals.
  • the invention relates to a directional antenna for transmitting and / or receiving audio and / or video signals, of the kind comprising a plurality of identical antenna elements, electrically powered by currents of substantially the same phase and likewise amplitude, each antenna element comprising a radiating element formed of two quadrilaterals joined by a common vertex, a feed center and a reflector associated with this radiating element.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communication
  • the mobile telephony network known as GSM (“Global System for Mobile Communication”) comprises high-gain omnidirectional fixed antennas capable of transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals at 890-960 MHz towards handsets. laptops or cell phones nearby.
  • Antennas are already known comprising radiating elements of biquad type essentially omnidirectional antennas.
  • a horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna is described formed of four antenna elements each comprising a radiating element consisting of two quadrilaterals united by a common vertex. These four antenna elements are respectively arranged in a first and a second pair of parallel elements, these first and second pair of elements being orthogonal to each other and the elements of each pair being equidistant from the axis of the assembly.
  • each antenna element comprises a biquad radiating element and a feeding center, each of the feeding centers being on a common circle and at the intersection points of two diameters orthogonal to this circle.
  • the main radiation lobe of each antenna element has an aperture of substantially 90 ° in the vertical and horizontal planes while the centers of supply of two adjacent antenna radiating elements are separated by a length of ⁇ working wave.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a directional antenna of the type indicated previously that can be used for example in the GSM / GPRS band, that is to say at frequencies of the order of 880 to 1830 Mhz and which makes it possible, when it is used alone or in combination with other types of antennas, to disadvantages of the state of the art including improving the performance of known antennas.
  • GPRS General Pocket Radio Service
  • ie General Packet Radio Service ie General Packet Radio Service
  • the antenna according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a coupling of at least two coplanar and separate radiating elements, each side of the quadrilaterals of a radiating element being parallel to the corresponding side of the other radiating elements of the coupling and in that the respective feeding centers are aligned along a line that does not intersect any quadrilateral.
  • each antenna element comprises a radiating element or radiator consisting of a double continuous loop taking the geometric form of two squares located in the same plane, having a common vertex and perimeter substantially equal to two wavelengths (2 ⁇ ).
  • Such a radiating element may be designated later in the description as in the claims by the name "biquad”.
  • the coupling in question may comprise from 2 to 8, in particular from 2 to 4 and preferably, 4 radiating elements as described above.
  • the line of alignment of the feed centers is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of each of the biquads, that is to say the axis passing through the vertices. the farthest from the two quadrilaterals forming each biquad.
  • This biquad is usually made from a wire, preferably copper, disposed at a small distance from the reflector to which it is attached.
  • this wire may be replaced by a printed circuit on a dielectric support according to known methods.
  • the power centers are far apart from each other sufficiently and appropriately to avoid a maximum of interference.
  • two adjacent feeding centers are spaced from each other by a distance substantially equal to ⁇ / 2.
  • the different biquads are connected, via their respective supply centers, to a coupler via a coaxial power supply cable.
  • the different reflectors will also be coplanar. Therefore, in a usual and preferred manner, the reflectors of the various biquads in question are merged by their edges into a continuous reflector forming a single reflector. This usually takes the form of a single panel configured to support these biquads.
  • the radiating elements are associated with a single reflector forming a support panel for all of these elements.
  • This or these reflectors are formed of a metal plate generally made of copper or aluminum. Steel, especially stainless steel or polychlorinated biphenyl (“PCB”) can be used as well. In this case and in known manner, it may be advantageous to solder, for example copper to the coaxial cable orifice, orifice formed in this reflector so as to ensure a good physical and electrical connection.
  • PCB polychlorinated biphenyl
  • the antenna according to the invention can be implemented in horizontal or vertical rectilinear polarization.
  • this antenna is used in vertical rectilinear polarization in which case the feeding centers of the biquads are aligned in a vertical, the longitudinal axis of the biquads being horizontal.
  • the antenna according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a main lobe of large aperture in the horizontal plane but weak in the vertical plane, accompanied by a large gain.
  • each main lobe of radiation has an opening substantially of 55 ° to 60 ° in the horizontal plane and substantially of 20 ° to 40 ° in the vertical plane, accompanied by a gain of 12 dBi at 16 dBi in particular from 12.5 to 14.5 dBi.
  • the antenna according to the invention has particularly advantageous characteristics resulting in both a large opening of the main lobe in the horizontal plane, a small opening in the vertical plane, a large gain and a low radiated power.
  • the main radiation lobe in the horizontal plane of a quadruple biquad antenna according to the invention has, as mentioned above, an opening of approximately 60 ° (-3 dBi) conferring on it a effective range of not less than 400 m, sufficient aperture of approximately 20 ° to 400 m in the vertical plane and a maximum gain of 14,1 dBi so as to cover a geographical area over a distance greater than 400 m .
  • the radiated power is only about +13 dBm in each direction.
  • the directional antenna according to the invention can find application in the field of GSM mobile telephony and / or transmission and reception of GPRS data. It can be used in particular for the implementation of a method of recovering an external signal, in particular GSM by means of a gain antenna, for example of the Yagi type, to convey this signal via a coaxial cable to an amplifier then to diffuse, by means of an antenna according to the invention, in the geographical area to be covered, in this case a geographical area of reduced size or pico-cell.
  • the invention provides a device for implementing this method.
  • This device also hereinafter referred to as “pico-relay”
  • the directional antenna mounted at the upper portion of the mat is preferably of the Yagi type in horizontal polarization but preferably in vertical polarization. This comprises a sufficient number of elements in the frequency band considered in particular 10 to 16 elements in the band 890-960 MHz. Generally, the opening of this upper antenna, at -3 dBi, varies from 10 ° to 15 ° in both the vertical and horizontal plane. On the other hand, when a gain increase is desired, several directional antennas of the above type will advantageously be placed at the upper portion of the mat in question.
  • the relay antenna comprises a repeater, usually of the pico-repeater type, connected to the upper antenna as well as to the lower antenna, which consists of a bidirectional amplifier for frequency coverage.
  • a repeater usually of the pico-repeater type, connected to the upper antenna as well as to the lower antenna, which consists of a bidirectional amplifier for frequency coverage.
  • a bidirectional amplifier for frequency coverage envisaged for example the GSM 900 or GSM 1800 band.
  • This pico-receiver commercially available, receives and amplifies, the mobile signal received from a base station of an operator and the reemet, via the upper antenna, to the lower antenna, according to the invention, which distributes it in the geographical area considered in this case a pico-cell of a few hundred meters in diameter.
  • the amplification bandwidth is configurable for adaptation, if necessary to a different band.
  • the relay antenna according to the invention advantageously comprises at least one solar panel, preferably a single panel, coupled to at least one energy accumulator battery.
  • the pico-relay according to the invention can be equipped with a surge arrester located at the level of the upper antenna so as to provide maximum security.
  • the antenna according to the invention comprises a set of four radiating elements 1, biquad type that is to say, configured in a closed loop forming two equal squares in the same plane and united by a common vertex.
  • the length of each biquad that is to say the distance separating the two farthest vertices, is 230 mm.
  • the figure 5 also shows that the biquads are fixed on a panel 3 forming a reflector which consists of an aluminum plate 720 mm x 360 mm and a thickness of 2 mm. Moreover, each of these biquads, 48 mm away from this reflector 3, is connected, via its feed center 2, to a 5-way coupler for frequencies of the order of 890 to 960 MHz. , which is indicated in 4. This connection is provided by means of a coaxial cable 5 with a voltage impedance of 50 ⁇ , semi-rigid power supply cable covered with an electrically insulating material. In addition, these biquads are welded to this coaxial cable 5, the vertices furthest from each of them being themselves secured, if necessary to the reflector panel 3 by any means so as to stiffen the assembly.
  • a pico-relay in the GSM 890-960 Mhz band there is a generally cylindrical mast 6 and wood, for example with a diameter of 200 mm and a height of 12 m.
  • a generally cylindrical mast 6 and wood for example with a diameter of 200 mm and a height of 12 m.
  • At the upper portion of this mat are fixed 2 Yagi directional antennas each comprising 7 elements in the band 890-960 Mhz, whose gain is 15 dBi and whose opening is 2 x 10 ° in the vertical and horizontal.
  • Yagi antennas of which an example is represented in 7 at the figure 7 , are mounted in vertical polarization and preferably by a ply of 2 antennas, to obtain a gain of the order of 18 dBi and connected by a 2-way coupler (not shown) of low loss.
  • a lightning arrester 8 for example of COAXSTOP® type Franklin company is placed at the output of the coupler and connected to a conductor 35 mm 2 section for earthing.
  • the figure 7 also shows a solar panel 9 (12 V, 50 W), preferably of Sunset type, and of dimensions (980 x 450 x 35) mm.
  • This panel is fixed on a frame 10 with galvanized steel angle, inclined at 45 ° and maintained by two flanges 11 welded to the support.
  • the set is positioned about one meter from the top of the post and oriented south-southeast.
  • a sealed housing generally of dimensions (500 x 500 x 200) mm, welded to a flat support supporting it and fixed on the mat by two flanges.
  • This housing comprises, not shown, a pico-repeater, batteries (12 V, 32 Ah) with a capacity of 384 W of sealed lead-acid battery type, a solar regulator (12 V, 5A), a differential circuit breaker and a thermostatically controlled ventilation (12 V).
  • the selective band repeater for example of the Chiki 903 C type originating from the Retemsa company, has an output power of 13 dBm with bidirectional amplification of 52 dBi in the 900 MHz GSM band.
  • FIG 7 shows, attached to the lower portion of the mast, an antenna 13 as described in Example 1, that is to say comprising four radiating elements 14 in vertical polarization, each biquad type, networked on a reflector 15 and vertically coupled.
  • This antenna 13 is in fact isolated from Yagi antennas from a distance of 8 to 10 m to obtain 70 dBi.
  • the solar panel will accumulate 360 W of electrical energy. As the entire pico-relay consumes only 0.8 A h, a total of 230 W will be consumed in 24 hours leaving a reserve of 130 W.
  • the pico-relay according to the invention is used in particular to overcome the lack of GSM telephony in isolated geographical areas or white areas mainly located in rural areas, mountains and forests. This one is particularly advantageous because on the one hand its energy autonomy since it is powered by solar panel, the harvested energy being saved on battery and on the other hand its very low consumption that it is about radiated power or absorbed. Moreover, this pico-relay does not require any particular external maintenance.

Landscapes

  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)

Abstract

The antenna has identical antenna elements supplied by currents of same phase and same amplitude, in a radio electric manner. Each element comprises a radiation element (1) that is formed of two quadrilaterals that are connected by a common top, a supply center (2) and a reflector (3). A coupling connects the radiation elements, which are coplanar and separated, where the quadrilateral of one of the elements has sides parallel to one side corresponding to other elements of the coupling. The supply centers are aligned along a straight line that does not cut the quadrilaterals. An independent claim is also included for a mobile radiotelephony relay antenna comprising a directional antenna.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte d'une manière générale à une antenne directionnelle pour la transmission et/ou la réception de signaux audio et/ou vidéo.The present invention relates generally to a directional antenna for transmitting and / or receiving audio and / or video signals.

Plus précisément, l'invention concerne une antenne directionnelle pour la transmission et/ou la réception de signaux audio et/ou vidéo, du genre comprenant plusieurs éléments d'antenne identiques, alimentés radio-électriquement par des courants sensiblement de même phase et de même amplitude, chaque élément d'antenne comprenant un élément rayonnant formé de deux quadrilatères réunis par un sommet commun, un centre d'alimentation ainsi qu'un réflecteur associé à cet élément rayonnant.More specifically, the invention relates to a directional antenna for transmitting and / or receiving audio and / or video signals, of the kind comprising a plurality of identical antenna elements, electrically powered by currents of substantially the same phase and likewise amplitude, each antenna element comprising a radiating element formed of two quadrilaterals joined by a common vertex, a feed center and a reflector associated with this radiating element.

Le réseau de téléphonie mobile dénommé GSM (« Global System for Mobile communication » c'est à dire Système global de communication mobile) comprend des antennes fixes omnidirectionnelles à haut gain pouvant émettre et recevoir des signaux électromagnétiques à 890-960 Mhz en direction de combinés portables ou téléphones cellulaires se trouvant à proximité.The mobile telephony network known as GSM ("Global System for Mobile Communication") comprises high-gain omnidirectional fixed antennas capable of transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals at 890-960 MHz towards handsets. laptops or cell phones nearby.

Toutefois, malgré un maillage géographique important, certains obstacles notamment urbains ou naturels occasionnés par exemple par des accidents de terrain créent des anomalies de fonctionnement telles que des évanouissements de propagation dus principalement à des réflexions multiples des ondes électromagnétiques.However, despite a significant geographic network, certain obstacles, particularly urban or natural, caused for example by field accidents create operating anomalies such as propagation fading due mainly to multiple reflections of electromagnetic waves.

On connaît déjà des antennes comprenant des éléments rayonnants de type biquad essentiellement des antennes omnidirectionnelles.Antennas are already known comprising radiating elements of biquad type essentially omnidirectional antennas.

A ce propos, on peut citer le brevet US 4479127 dans lequel on a décrit une antenne omnidirectionnelle à polarisation horizontale formée de quatre éléments d'antenne comprenant chacun un élément rayonnant constitué de deux quadrilatères réunis par un sommet commun. Ces quatre éléments d'antenne sont disposés respectivement en une première et une seconde paire d'éléments parallèles, ces première et seconde paire d'éléments étant orthogonales entre elles et les éléments de chaque paire étant équidistants de l'axe de l'ensemble.In this connection, we can mention the US Patent 4479127 wherein a horizontally polarized omnidirectional antenna is described formed of four antenna elements each comprising a radiating element consisting of two quadrilaterals united by a common vertex. These four antenna elements are respectively arranged in a first and a second pair of parallel elements, these first and second pair of elements being orthogonal to each other and the elements of each pair being equidistant from the axis of the assembly.

D'autre part, on a rapporté dans la demande de brevet EP1523062 une antenne omnidirectionnelle comprenant quatre éléments d'antenne identiques et en polarisation rectiligne verticale. Chaque élément d'antenne comprend un élément rayonnant de type biquad et un centre d'alimentation, chacun des centres d'alimentation se trouvant sur un cercle commun et aux points d'intersection de deux diamètres orthogonaux à ce cercle. En outre, le lobe principal de rayonnement de chaque élément d'antenne présente une ouverture sensiblement de 90° dans les plans vertical et horizontal tandis que les centres d'alimentation de deux éléments rayonnants d'antenne adjacents sont séparés d'une longueur d' onde λ de travail.On the other hand, it was reported in the application for EP1523062 an omnidirectional antenna comprising four identical antenna elements and in vertical rectilinear polarization. Each antenna element comprises a biquad radiating element and a feeding center, each of the feeding centers being on a common circle and at the intersection points of two diameters orthogonal to this circle. In addition, the main radiation lobe of each antenna element has an aperture of substantially 90 ° in the vertical and horizontal planes while the centers of supply of two adjacent antenna radiating elements are separated by a length of λ working wave.

Néanmoins, ces antennes omnidirectionnelles connues ne pourraient pas apporter une solution appropriée aux problèmes évoqués précédemment.Nevertheless, these known omnidirectional antennas could not provide an appropriate solution to the problems mentioned above.

La présente invention a pour but de proposer une antenne directionnelle du genre indiqué précédemment utilisable par exemple dans la bande GSM/GPRS, c'est-à-dire à des fréquences de l'ordre de 880 à 1830 Mhz et qui permet, lorsqu'elle est employée seule ou en combinaison avec d'autres types d'antennes, de pallier les inconvénients de l'état de la technique notamment en améliorant la qualité de fonctionnement d'antennes connues. (GPRS : « General Pocket Radio Service » c'est-à-dire Service Général de radiocommunication par paquets).The object of the present invention is to propose a directional antenna of the type indicated previously that can be used for example in the GSM / GPRS band, that is to say at frequencies of the order of 880 to 1830 Mhz and which makes it possible, when it is used alone or in combination with other types of antennas, to disadvantages of the state of the art including improving the performance of known antennas. (GPRS: "General Pocket Radio Service" ie General Packet Radio Service).

Pour atteindre ce but, l'antenne selon l'invention est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un couplage d'au moins deux éléments rayonnants coplanaires et séparés, chaque côté des quadrilatères d'un élément rayonnant étant parallèle au côté correspondant du ou des autres éléments rayonnants du couplage et en ce que les centres d'alimentation respectifs sont alignés selon une droite ne coupant aucun quadrilatère.To achieve this goal, the antenna according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a coupling of at least two coplanar and separate radiating elements, each side of the quadrilaterals of a radiating element being parallel to the corresponding side of the other radiating elements of the coupling and in that the respective feeding centers are aligned along a line that does not intersect any quadrilateral.

Ainsi, chaque élément d'antenne comprend un élément rayonnant ou radiateur constitué d'une double boucle continue prenant la forme géométrique de deux carrés situés dans un même plan, ayant un sommet commun et de périmètre sensiblement égal à deux longueurs d'onde (2λ).Thus, each antenna element comprises a radiating element or radiator consisting of a double continuous loop taking the geometric form of two squares located in the same plane, having a common vertex and perimeter substantially equal to two wavelengths (2λ ).

Un tel élément rayonnant pourra être désigné par la suite aussi bien dans la description que dans les revendications par la dénomination « biquad ».Such a radiating element may be designated later in the description as in the claims by the name "biquad".

Généralement, le couplage en question peut comprendre de 2 à 8, en particulier de 2 à 4 et de préférence, 4 éléments rayonnants tels que décrits cidessus.Generally, the coupling in question may comprise from 2 to 8, in particular from 2 to 4 and preferably, 4 radiating elements as described above.

En outre, selon une caractéristique particulière et avantageuse de l'invention, la droite d'alignement des centres d'alimentation est orthogonale à l'axe longitudinal de chacun des biquads, c'est-à-dire l'axe passant par les sommets les plus éloignés des deux quadrilatères formant chaque biquad.In addition, according to a particular and advantageous feature of the invention, the line of alignment of the feed centers is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of each of the biquads, that is to say the axis passing through the vertices. the farthest from the two quadrilaterals forming each biquad.

Ce biquad est réalisé habituellement à partir d'un fil métallique, avantageusement le cuivre, disposé à faible distance du réflecteur auquel il est fixé. Toutefois, ce fil métallique peut être remplacé par un circuit imprimé sur un support diélectrique selon des méthodes connues.This biquad is usually made from a wire, preferably copper, disposed at a small distance from the reflector to which it is attached. However, this wire may be replaced by a printed circuit on a dielectric support according to known methods.

En vue d'enregistrer les meilleures performances de l'antenne selon l'invention, les centres d'alimentation sont éloignés les uns des autres de manière suffisante et appropriée pour éviter un maximum d'interférences.In order to record the best performance of the antenna according to the invention, the power centers are far apart from each other sufficiently and appropriately to avoid a maximum of interference.

A cette fin, et selon une caractéristique supplémentaire de l'invention, deux centres d'alimentation adjacents sont éloignés l'un de l'autre d'une distance sensiblement égale à λ/2.To this end, and according to a further feature of the invention, two adjacent feeding centers are spaced from each other by a distance substantially equal to λ / 2.

De même, selon une caractéristique supplémentaire de l'invention, les différents biquads sont reliés, via leurs centres d'alimentation respectifs, à un coupleur par l'intermédiaire d'un câble coaxial d'alimentation en énergie.Likewise, according to a further characteristic of the invention, the different biquads are connected, via their respective supply centers, to a coupler via a coaxial power supply cable.

La distance comprise entre le centre d'alimentation d'un élément rayonnant et son réflecteur étant la même pour chacun des biquads constitutifs de l'antenne selon l'invention, les différents réflecteurs seront également coplanaires. Par conséquent, de manière habituelle et préférentielle, les réflecteurs des différents biquads en question sont fusionnés par leurs bords en un réflecteur continu formant un réflecteur unique. Celui-ci prend habituellement la forme d'un seul panneau configuré en support de ces biquads.The distance between the supply center of a radiating element and its reflector being the same for each of the biquads constituting the antenna according to the invention, the different reflectors will also be coplanar. Therefore, in a usual and preferred manner, the reflectors of the various biquads in question are merged by their edges into a continuous reflector forming a single reflector. This usually takes the form of a single panel configured to support these biquads.

Ainsi, selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les éléments rayonnants sont associés à un réflecteur unique formant panneau support pour l'ensemble de ces éléments.Thus, according to another characteristic of the invention, the radiating elements are associated with a single reflector forming a support panel for all of these elements.

Ce ou ces réflecteurs sont formés d'une plaque métallique généralement en cuivre ou en aluminium. L'acier, en particulier l'acier inoxydable ou encore le polychlorobiphényle (« PCB ») peuvent être utilisés également. Dans ce cas et de manière connue, il peut être avantageux de braser, par exemple du cuivre à l'orifice du câble coaxial, orifice ménagé dans ce réflecteur de manière à assurer une bonne connexion physique et électrique.This or these reflectors are formed of a metal plate generally made of copper or aluminum. Steel, especially stainless steel or polychlorinated biphenyl ("PCB") can be used as well. In this case and in known manner, it may be advantageous to solder, for example copper to the coaxial cable orifice, orifice formed in this reflector so as to ensure a good physical and electrical connection.

L'antenne selon l'invention, ainsi conçue, peut être mise en oeuvre en polarisation rectiligne horizontale ou verticale. Toutefois, selon un mode d'utilisation particulièrement préféré, cette antenne est employée en polarisation rectiligne verticale auquel cas les centres d'alimentation des biquads se trouvent alignés selon une verticale, l'axe longitudinal des biquads étant horizontal.The antenna according to the invention, thus conceived, can be implemented in horizontal or vertical rectilinear polarization. However, according to a particularly preferred mode of use, this antenna is used in vertical rectilinear polarization in which case the feeding centers of the biquads are aligned in a vertical, the longitudinal axis of the biquads being horizontal.

Dans ce mode d'utilisation en polarisation verticale, l'antenne selon l'invention permet d'obtenir un lobe principal de grande ouverture dans le plan horizontal mais faible dans le plan vertical, accompagné d'un gain important.In this mode of use in vertical polarization, the antenna according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a main lobe of large aperture in the horizontal plane but weak in the vertical plane, accompanied by a large gain.

Ainsi, selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, chaque lobe principal de rayonnement présente une ouverture sensiblement de 55° à 60° dans le plan horizontal et sensiblement de 20° à 40° dans le plan vertical, accompagnée d'un gain de 12 dBi à 16 dBi en particulier de 12,5 à 14,5 dBi.Thus, according to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, each main lobe of radiation has an opening substantially of 55 ° to 60 ° in the horizontal plane and substantially of 20 ° to 40 ° in the vertical plane, accompanied by a gain of 12 dBi at 16 dBi in particular from 12.5 to 14.5 dBi.

En particulier, l'angle d'ouverture du lobe principal dans le plan horizontal varie de 57° à 59° dans le plan horizontal et de 20° à 35° dans le plan vertical. A titre d'exemple, une antenne à 925 Mhz selon l'invention comprenant :

  • deux biquads présente :
    1. a) dans le plan horizontal
      un angle d'ouverture du lobe principal de 57,7°, une direction du lobe principal de 0°, un lobe secondaire dont le niveau est situé à -21,3 dBi et un gain (amplitude du lobe principal) de 12,5 dBi, tel qu'illustré à la figure 1 en annexe,
    2. b) dans le plan horizontal
      un angle d'ouverture du lobe principal de 33,7°, une direction du lobe principal de 90°, un lobe secondaire dont le niveau est situé à -18,9 dBi et un gain de 12,5 dBi, tel qu'illustré à la figure 2 en annexe,
  • quatre biquads présente :
    1. a) dans le plan horizontal
      un angle d'ouverture du lobe principal de 58,9 dBi, une direction du lobe principal de 0°, un lobe secondaire dont le niveau est situé à -18,9 dBi et un gain de 14,1 dBi, tel qu'illustré à la figure 3 en annexe,
    2. b) dans le plan vertical
      un angle d'ouverture du lobe principal de 21,8°, une direction du lobe principal de 90°, un lobe secondaire dont le niveau est situé à -13,1 dBi et un gain de 14,1 dBi, tel qu'illustré à la figure 4 en annexe.
In particular, the opening angle of the main lobe in the horizontal plane varies from 57 ° to 59 ° in the horizontal plane and from 20 ° to 35 ° in the vertical plane. For example, a 925 Mhz antenna according to the invention comprising:
  • two biquads present:
    1. a) in the horizontal plane
      a main lobe opening angle of 57.7 °, a main lobe direction of 0 °, a secondary lobe with a level of -21.3 dBi and a gain (main lobe amplitude) of 12.5 dBi, as illustrated in figure 1 in the appendix,
    2. b) in the horizontal plane
      a main lobe opening angle of 33.7 °, a main lobe direction of 90 °, a secondary lobe with a level of -18.9 dBi and a gain of 12.5 dBi, as illustrated to the figure 2 in the appendix,
  • four biquads present:
    1. a) in the horizontal plane
      a main lobe opening angle of 58.9 dBi, a principal lobe direction of 0 °, a secondary lobe with a level of -18.9 dBi and a gain of 14.1 dBi, as illustrated to the figure 3 in the appendix,
    2. b) in the vertical plane
      a main lobe opening angle of 21.8 °, a main lobe direction of 90 °, a secondary lobe with a level of -13.1 dBi and a gain of 14.1 dBi, as illustrated to the figure 4 in annex.

L'antenne selon l'invention présente des caractéristiques particulièrement avantageuses se traduisant, à la fois, par une grande ouverture du lobe principal dans le plan horizontal, une faible ouverture dans le plan vertical, un gain important ainsi qu'une faible puissance rayonnée.The antenna according to the invention has particularly advantageous characteristics resulting in both a large opening of the main lobe in the horizontal plane, a small opening in the vertical plane, a large gain and a low radiated power.

A titre d'exemple, le lobe principal de rayonnement dans le plan horizontal d'une antenne quadruple biquad selon l'invention présente, comme mentionné précédemment, une ouverture d'environ 60° (-3dBi) lui conférant une portée effective d'au moins 400 m, une ouverture suffisante d'environ de 20° à 400 m dans le plan vertical ainsi qu'un gain maximum de 14,1 dBi de manière à couvrir une zone géographique sur une distance supérieure à 400 m. De plus, la puissance rayonnée n'est que d'environ + 13 dBm dans chaque sens.By way of example, the main radiation lobe in the horizontal plane of a quadruple biquad antenna according to the invention has, as mentioned above, an opening of approximately 60 ° (-3 dBi) conferring on it a effective range of not less than 400 m, sufficient aperture of approximately 20 ° to 400 m in the vertical plane and a maximum gain of 14,1 dBi so as to cover a geographical area over a distance greater than 400 m . In addition, the radiated power is only about +13 dBm in each direction.

L'antenne directionnelle selon l'invention peut trouver application dans le domaine de la téléphonie mobile GSM et/ou de la transmission et réception de données GPRS. Elle peut être utilisée notamment pour la mise en oeuvre d'une méthode consistant à récupérer un signal extérieur en particulier GSM au moyen d'une antenne à gain par exemple de type Yagi, à acheminer ce signal via un câble coaxial jusqu'à un amplificateur puis à le diffuser, au moyen d'une antenne selon l'invention, dans la zone géographique à couvrir, dans le cas présent une zone géographique de dimensions réduites ou pico-cellule.The directional antenna according to the invention can find application in the field of GSM mobile telephony and / or transmission and reception of GPRS data. It can be used in particular for the implementation of a method of recovering an external signal, in particular GSM by means of a gain antenna, for example of the Yagi type, to convey this signal via a coaxial cable to an amplifier then to diffuse, by means of an antenna according to the invention, in the geographical area to be covered, in this case a geographical area of reduced size or pico-cell.

Ainsi, selon une autre de ses caractéristiques, l'invention prévoit un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de cette méthode. Ce dispositif, également dénommé par la suite « pico-relais », consiste en une antenne relais de radiotéléphonie mobile pour la couverture d'une zone géographique de dimensions réduites, du genre comprenant un mat présentant une portion supérieure et une portion inférieure, au moins une antenne directionnelle à haut gain et à faible ouverture, ci-après également dénommée « antenne supérieure », étant fixée à ladite portion supérieure, caractérisée en ce que la portion inférieure du mat comprend une antenne directionnelle à haut gain et à grande ouverture selon l'invention, ci-après également dénommée « antenne inférieure ».Thus, according to another of its features, the invention provides a device for implementing this method. This device, also hereinafter referred to as "pico-relay", consists of a mobile radiotelephone relay antenna for covering a small geographic area, of the kind comprising a mat having an upper portion and a lower portion, at least a high-gain, low-aperture directional antenna, hereinafter also referred to as the "upper antenna", being attached to said upper portion, characterized in that the lower portion of the mat comprises a directional antenna with high gain and large aperture according to the invention, hereinafter also referred to as "lower antenna".

L'antenne directionnelle montée à la portion supérieure du mat est préférentiellement de type Yagi en polarisation horizontale mais de préférence en polarisation verticale. Celle-ci comprend un nombre suffisant d'éléments dans la bande de fréquences considérées en particulier 10 à 16 éléments dans la bande 890-960 Mhz. Généralement, l'ouverture de cette antenne supérieure, à -3dBi, varie de 10° à 15° aussi bien dans le plan vertical qu'horizontal. D'autre part, lorsqu'une augmentation de gain est recherchée, plusieurs antennes directives du type ci-dessus seront avantageusement placées à la portion supérieure du mat en question.The directional antenna mounted at the upper portion of the mat is preferably of the Yagi type in horizontal polarization but preferably in vertical polarization. This comprises a sufficient number of elements in the frequency band considered in particular 10 to 16 elements in the band 890-960 MHz. Generally, the opening of this upper antenna, at -3 dBi, varies from 10 ° to 15 ° in both the vertical and horizontal plane. On the other hand, when a gain increase is desired, several directional antennas of the above type will advantageously be placed at the upper portion of the mat in question.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, l'antenne relais comprend un répéteur, habituellement du genre pico-répéteur, relié à l'antenne supérieure ainsi qu'à l'antenne inférieure, lequel consiste en un amplificateur bidirectionnel pour la couverture des fréquences envisagées par exemple la bande GSM 900 ou GSM 1800.According to another characteristic of the invention, the relay antenna comprises a repeater, usually of the pico-repeater type, connected to the upper antenna as well as to the lower antenna, which consists of a bidirectional amplifier for frequency coverage. envisaged for example the GSM 900 or GSM 1800 band.

Ce pico-récepteur, disponible dans le commerce, reçoit et amplifie, le signal mobile reçu d'une station de base d'un opérateur et le réémet, par l'intermédiaire de l'antenne supérieure, à destination de l'antenne inférieure, selon l'invention, qui le distribue dans la zone géographique considérée en l'occurrence une pico-cellule de quelques centaines de mètres de diamètre. D'autre part, la bande passante d'amplification est configurable pour une adaptation, si nécessaire à une bande différente.This pico-receiver, commercially available, receives and amplifies, the mobile signal received from a base station of an operator and the reemet, via the upper antenna, to the lower antenna, according to the invention, which distributes it in the geographical area considered in this case a pico-cell of a few hundred meters in diameter. On the other hand, the amplification bandwidth is configurable for adaptation, if necessary to a different band.

En outre, de manière à lui assurer une autonomie énergétique, l'antenne relais selon l'invention comprend avantageusement au moins un panneau solaire, de préférence un seul panneau, couplé à au moins une batterie accumulatrice d'énergie.In addition, in order to ensure energy autonomy, the relay antenna according to the invention advantageously comprises at least one solar panel, preferably a single panel, coupled to at least one energy accumulator battery.

Par ailleurs, le pico-relais selon l'invention peut être équipé d'un parafoudre situé au niveau de l'antenne supérieure de façon à lui apporter un maximum de sécurité.Furthermore, the pico-relay according to the invention can be equipped with a surge arrester located at the level of the upper antenna so as to provide maximum security.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres buts, caractéristiques et avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement au cours de la description explicative qui va suivre en référence aux dessins annexés donnés uniquement à titre d'exemples illustrant différents modes de réalisation de l'invention et dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une représentation du diagramme de rayonnement dans le plan horizontal d'une antenne selon l'invention comprenant 2 éléments rayonnants biquad,
  • la figure 2 est une représentation du diagramme de rayonnement dans le plan vertical d'une antenne selon l'invention comprenant 2 éléments rayonnants biquad,
  • la figure 3 est une représentation du diagramme de rayonnement dans le plan horizontal d'une antenne selon l'invention comprenant 4 éléments rayonnants biquad,
  • la figure 4 est une représentation du diagramme de rayonnement dans le plan vertical d'une antenne selon l'invention comprenant 4 éléments rayonnants biquad,
  • la figure 5 est une vue schématique frontale d'une antenne selon l'invention comprenant 4 éléments rayonnants biquad fixés à un support,
  • la figure 6 est une vue frontale de l'antenne à la figure 5,
  • la figure 7 est une vue frontale d'une antenne relais de téléphonie mobile ou pico-relais comprenant l'antenne à la figure 5.
The invention will be better understood and other objects, features and advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the following explanatory description with reference to the accompanying drawings given solely by way of examples illustrating various embodiments of the invention. invention and in which:
  • the figure 1 is a representation of the radiation pattern in the horizontal plane of an antenna according to the invention comprising two biquad radiating elements,
  • the figure 2 is a representation of the radiation pattern in the vertical plane of an antenna according to the invention comprising two biquad radiating elements,
  • the figure 3 is a representation of the radiation pattern in the horizontal plane of an antenna according to the invention comprising 4 biquad radiating elements,
  • the figure 4 is a representation of the radiation pattern in the vertical plane of an antenna according to the invention comprising 4 biquad radiating elements,
  • the figure 5 is a schematic front view of an antenna according to the invention comprising 4 biquad radiating elements fixed to a support,
  • the figure 6 is a front view of the antenna at the figure 5 ,
  • the figure 7 is a front view of a mobile or pico relay relay antenna including the antenna at the figure 5 .

EXEMPLE 1EXAMPLE 1 ANTENNE à 925 MhzANTENNA at 925 Mhz

Tel que représenté aux figures 5 et 6, l'antenne selon l'invention dont les diagrammes de rayonnement sont illustrés aux figures 3 et 4, comprend un ensemble de quatre éléments rayonnants 1, de type biquad c'est-à-dire configurés en boucle fermée formant deux carrés égaux dans un même plan et unis par un sommet commun. Ces biquads 1 sont constitués chacun d'un fil de cuivre nu et continu d'un diamètre d'environ 2,5 à 3,5 mm, de préférence 3 mm, chaque côté des carrés ayant une longueur de 79 mm (1/4 d'onde = 81 mm). D'autre part, la longueur de chaque biquad, c'est-à-dire la distance séparant les deux sommets les plus éloignés, est de 230 mm. En outre, ces biquads sont isolés les uns des autres de 180 mm (λ/2 = 162 mm) qui représentent la distance séparant deux centres d'alimentation 2 adjacents, les 4 centres d'alimentation étant alignés selon la droite d représentée en traits interrompus.As represented in Figures 5 and 6 , the antenna according to the invention, the radiation patterns of which are illustrated in FIGS. Figures 3 and 4 , comprises a set of four radiating elements 1, biquad type that is to say, configured in a closed loop forming two equal squares in the same plane and united by a common vertex. These biquads 1 each consist of a bare and continuous copper wire with a diameter of about 2.5 to 3.5 mm, preferably 3 mm, each side of the squares having a length of 79 mm (1/4 waveform = 81 mm). On the other hand, the length of each biquad, that is to say the distance separating the two farthest vertices, is 230 mm. In addition, these biquads are isolated from each other by 180 mm (λ / 2 = 162 mm) which represent the distance separating two adjacent feed centers 2, the 4 feed centers being aligned along the straight line d shown in phantom interrupted.

La figure 5 montre également que les biquads sont fixés sur un panneau 3 formant réflecteur lequel est constitué d'une plaque d'aluminium de 720 mm x 360 mm et d'une épaisseur de 2 mm. Par ailleurs, chacun de ces biquads, distant de 48 mm de ce réflecteur 3, est relié, par l'intermédiaire de son centre d'alimentation 2, à un coupleur à 5 voies pour des fréquences de l'ordre de 890 à 960 Mhz, lequel est indiqué en 4. Cette liaison est assurée au moyen d'un câble coaxial 5 d'une impédance de 50 Ω, câble semi-rigide d'alimentation en énergie recouvert d'un matériau électriquement isolant. En outre, ces biquads sont soudés à ce câble coaxial 5, les sommets les plus éloignés de chacun d'eux étant eux-mêmes solidarisés, si nécessaire au panneau réflecteur 3 par un moyen quelconque de manière à rigidifier l'ensemble.The figure 5 also shows that the biquads are fixed on a panel 3 forming a reflector which consists of an aluminum plate 720 mm x 360 mm and a thickness of 2 mm. Moreover, each of these biquads, 48 mm away from this reflector 3, is connected, via its feed center 2, to a 5-way coupler for frequencies of the order of 890 to 960 MHz. , which is indicated in 4. This connection is provided by means of a coaxial cable 5 with a voltage impedance of 50 Ω, semi-rigid power supply cable covered with an electrically insulating material. In addition, these biquads are welded to this coaxial cable 5, the vertices furthest from each of them being themselves secured, if necessary to the reflector panel 3 by any means so as to stiffen the assembly.

EXEMPLE 2EXAMPLE 2 PICO-RELAIS à 925 MhzPICO-RELAY at 925 Mhz

Dans un mode de réalisation préféré d'un pico-relais dans la bande GSM 890-960 Mhz, tel que représenté à la figure 7, on distingue un mât 6 généralement cylindrique et en bois, par exemple d'un diamètre de 200 mm et d'une hauteur de 12 m environ. A la portion supérieure de ce mat sont fixées 2 antennes directionnelles de type Yagi comprenant chacune 7 éléments dans la bande 890-960 Mhz, dont le gain est de 15 dBi et dont l'ouverture est de 2 x 10° dans les plans vertical et horizontal. Ces antennes Yagi, dont un exemple est représenté en 7 à la figure 7, sont montées en polarisation verticale et de préférence par nappe de 2 antennes, pour obtenir un gain de l'ordre de 18 dBi et reliées par un coupleur à 2 voies (non représenté) de faible perte. D'autre part, un parafoudre 8, par exemple de type COAXSTOP® de la société Franklin est placé en sortie du coupleur et raccordé à un conducteur de 35 mm2 de section pour une mise à la terre.In a preferred embodiment of a pico-relay in the GSM 890-960 Mhz band, as shown in FIG. figure 7 , there is a generally cylindrical mast 6 and wood, for example with a diameter of 200 mm and a height of 12 m. At the upper portion of this mat are fixed 2 Yagi directional antennas each comprising 7 elements in the band 890-960 Mhz, whose gain is 15 dBi and whose opening is 2 x 10 ° in the vertical and horizontal. These Yagi antennas, of which an example is represented in 7 at the figure 7 , are mounted in vertical polarization and preferably by a ply of 2 antennas, to obtain a gain of the order of 18 dBi and connected by a 2-way coupler (not shown) of low loss. On the other hand, a lightning arrester 8, for example of COAXSTOP® type Franklin company is placed at the output of the coupler and connected to a conductor 35 mm 2 section for earthing.

La figure 7 montre également un panneau solaire 9 (12 V ; 50 W) de préférence de type Sunset et de dimensions (980 x 450 x 35) mm. Ce panneau est fixé sur une armature 10 à cornière en acier galvanisé, inclinée à 45° et maintenue par deux brides 11 soudées au support. L'ensemble est positionné à environ un mètre du sommet du poteau et orienté sud-sud-est.The figure 7 also shows a solar panel 9 (12 V, 50 W), preferably of Sunset type, and of dimensions (980 x 450 x 35) mm. This panel is fixed on a frame 10 with galvanized steel angle, inclined at 45 ° and maintained by two flanges 11 welded to the support. The set is positioned about one meter from the top of the post and oriented south-southeast.

On remarque également un boîtier 12 étanche, généralement de dimensions (500 x 500 x 200)mm, soudé à un support plat le soutenant et fixé sur le mat par deux brides. Ce boîtier comprend, non représentés, un pico-répéteur, des batteries (12 V ; 32 Ah) d'une capacité de 384 W du type batterie étanche en plomb, un régulateur solaire (12 V ; 5A), un disjoncteur différentiel et une ventilation thermostatisée (12 V).There is also a sealed housing 12, generally of dimensions (500 x 500 x 200) mm, welded to a flat support supporting it and fixed on the mat by two flanges. This housing comprises, not shown, a pico-repeater, batteries (12 V, 32 Ah) with a capacity of 384 W of sealed lead-acid battery type, a solar regulator (12 V, 5A), a differential circuit breaker and a thermostatically controlled ventilation (12 V).

Le répéteur bande sélective, par exemple de type Chiki 903 C provenant de la société Retemsa, présente une puissance de sortie de 13 dBm avec une amplification bidirectionelle de 52 dBi dans la bande GSM de 900 Mhz.The selective band repeater, for example of the Chiki 903 C type originating from the Retemsa company, has an output power of 13 dBm with bidirectional amplification of 52 dBi in the 900 MHz GSM band.

En outre, la figure 7 montre, fixée à la portion inférieure du mat, une antenne 13 telle que décrite à l'Exemple 1 c'est-à-dire comprenant quatre éléments rayonnants 14 en polarisation verticale, chacun de type biquad, montés en réseau sur un réflecteur 15 et couplés verticalement. Cette antenne 13 est en fait isolée des antennes Yagi d'une distance de 8 à 10 m pour obtenir 70 dBi.In addition, the figure 7 shows, attached to the lower portion of the mast, an antenna 13 as described in Example 1, that is to say comprising four radiating elements 14 in vertical polarization, each biquad type, networked on a reflector 15 and vertically coupled. This antenna 13 is in fact isolated from Yagi antennas from a distance of 8 to 10 m to obtain 70 dBi.

Le pico-relais ainsi élaboré a été soumis à différents tests lesquels ont fourni les résultats suivants :The pico-relay thus elaborated was subjected to various tests which provided the following results:

a) Mesure du champ électrique a) Measurement of the electric field

Des essais réalisés ont montré que le champ électrique reçu à 100 m de l'antenne inférieure selon l'invention donne un résultat satisfaisant de l'ordre de 65 dBm pour un gain d'antenne de 14,6 dBi. D'autre part, le champ électrique reçu à une distance de 5,5 km des antennes supérieures Yagi et ce, entre le pico-relais et l'antenne relais GSM de base (ou BTS, c'est-à-dire « Base Transceiver Station ou station émettrice-réceptrice de base), est de l'ordre de -75 dBm.Tests have shown that the electric field received at 100 m from the lower antenna according to the invention gives a satisfactory result of the order of 65 dBm for an antenna gain of 14.6 dBi. On the other hand, the electric field received at a distance of 5.5 km from the higher antennas Yagi and this, between the pico-relay and the base GSM relay antenna (or BTS, ie "Base" Transceiver Station or base transceiver station), is of the order of -75 dBm.

b) Mesure de la consommation d'énergie b) Measurement of energy consumption

Le pico-répéteur ne consommant que 800 m A sous 12 V (10 W), un seul panneau solaire (55 ;12V) suffira pour assurer l'autonomie du pico-relais.The pico-repeater consuming only 800 m A at 12 V (10 W), a single solar panel (55, 12V) will be enough to ensure the autonomy of the pico-relay.

Dans l'hypothèse d'un ensoleillement optimum de 10h, le panneau solaire accumulera 360 W d'énergie électrique. Comme l'ensemble du pico-relais ne consomme que 0,8 A h, un total de 230 W seront consommés en 24h laissant subsister une réserve de 130 W.In the hypothesis of an optimum sunshine of 10h, the solar panel will accumulate 360 W of electrical energy. As the entire pico-relay consumes only 0.8 A h, a total of 230 W will be consumed in 24 hours leaving a reserve of 130 W.

Le pico-relais selon l'invention, est utilisé notamment pour pallier le manque de téléphonie GSM dans les zones géographiques enclavées ou zones blanches principalement situées en milieu rural, en montagne et en forêt. Celui-ci est particulièrement avantageux étant donné d'une part son autonomie énergétique puisqu'il est alimenté par panneau solaire, l'énergie récoltée étant sauvegardée sur batterie et d'autre part sa très faible consommation qu'il s'agisse de puissance rayonnée ou absorbée. Par ailleurs, ce pico-relais ne nécessite aucun entretien extérieur particulier.The pico-relay according to the invention is used in particular to overcome the lack of GSM telephony in isolated geographical areas or white areas mainly located in rural areas, mountains and forests. This one is particularly advantageous because on the one hand its energy autonomy since it is powered by solar panel, the harvested energy being saved on battery and on the other hand its very low consumption that it is about radiated power or absorbed. Moreover, this pico-relay does not require any particular external maintenance.

Claims (15)

  1. Directional antenna for the transmission and/or reception of audio and/or video signals, of the type comprising several identical antenna elements, supplied radio electrically by currents of substantially the same phase and amplitude, each antenna element comprising a radiating element formed of two quadrilaterals joined by a common apex, a power centre as well as an associated reflector, characterised in that it includes a coupling of at least two coplanar and separate radiating elements, each side of the quadrilaterals of a radiating element being parallel to the corresponding side of the other radiating element(s) of the coupling and in that the respective power centres are aligned according to a straight line that does not cut any quadrilateral.
  2. Antenna set forth in claim 1, characterised in that each antenna element comprises a radiating element comprised of a continuous double loop taking the geometrical form of two squares located in the same plane, having a common apex and perimeter substantially equal to 2λ.
  3. Antenna set forth in claim 2, characterised in that the double loop is accomplished using a metal wire or a printed circuit on a dielectric support.
  4. Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the coupling comprises 2 to 8 radiating elements.
  5. Antenna set forth in claim 4, characterised in that the coupling comprises 2 radiating elements.
  6. Antenna set forth in claim 4, characterised in that the coupling comprises 4 radiating elements.
  7. Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the alignment line of the power centres is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of each of the radiating elements.
  8. Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that two adjacent power centres are separated one from the other by a distance substantially equal to λ/2.
  9. Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the radiating elements are associated to a single reflector forming a support panel for the whole of the latter.
  10. Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that it is used straight-line vertical polarisation.
  11. Mobile telephony relay antenna for the coverage of a geographical zone of reduced area, of the type comprising a mast presenting an upper portion and a lower portion, at least one high-gain small-aperture directional antenna being fixed to said upper portion, characterised in that the lower portion of the mast includes a high-gain large-aperture directional antenna according to one of claims 1 to 10.
  12. Relay antenna set forth in claim 11, characterised in that the high-gain small-aperture directional antenna is an antenna of the Yagi type comprising from 10 to 16 elements.
  13. Relay antenna set forth in claim 11 or 12, characterised in that it comprises a bidirectional amplifier of the pico-repeater type connected to the high-gain small-aperture directional antenna as well as to the high-gain large-aperture directional antenna.
  14. Relay antenna according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterised in that it comprises at least one solar panel coupled to at least one energy accumulator battery.
  15. Relay antenna according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterised in that it comprises a lightening arrester.
EP06447089A 2006-07-07 2006-07-07 Directional antenna for transmitting and/or receiving audio/video signals Not-in-force EP1876673B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE602006002819T DE602006002819D1 (en) 2006-07-07 2006-07-07 Directional antenna for sending and / or receiving audio / video signals
AT06447089T ATE408905T1 (en) 2006-07-07 2006-07-07 DIRECTIONAL ANTENNA FOR SENDING AND/OR RECEIVING AUDIO/VIDEO SIGNALS
EP06447089A EP1876673B1 (en) 2006-07-07 2006-07-07 Directional antenna for transmitting and/or receiving audio/video signals

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06447089A EP1876673B1 (en) 2006-07-07 2006-07-07 Directional antenna for transmitting and/or receiving audio/video signals

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1876673A1 EP1876673A1 (en) 2008-01-09
EP1876673B1 true EP1876673B1 (en) 2008-09-17

Family

ID=37591824

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06447089A Not-in-force EP1876673B1 (en) 2006-07-07 2006-07-07 Directional antenna for transmitting and/or receiving audio/video signals

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1876673B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE408905T1 (en)
DE (1) DE602006002819D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2226896B1 (en) * 2009-03-04 2014-04-16 Philippe Herman Multiband omnidirectional antenna

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4479127A (en) * 1982-08-30 1984-10-23 Gte Products Corporation Bi-loop antenna system
EP1523062B1 (en) * 2003-10-07 2006-04-19 Philippe Herman Omnidirectional antenna for transmitting and receiving audio/video signals
JP2007527125A (en) * 2004-08-26 2007-09-20 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・ドコモ Context-aware directional antenna

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE408905T1 (en) 2008-10-15
EP1876673A1 (en) 2008-01-09
DE602006002819D1 (en) 2008-10-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
FR2863111A1 (en) Multi-band aerial with double polarization includes three sets of radiating elements including crossed dipoles for maximum polarization decoupling
FR2822301A1 (en) BROADBAND ANTENNA FOR MOBILE DEVICES
FR2652453A1 (en) COAXIAL ANTENNA HAVING A PROGRESSIVE WAVE POWER TYPE.
FR2587845A1 (en) WINDOW ANTENNA FOR VEHICLE
FR2826185A1 (en) Antenna for operation with mobile phone includes parallel conductive surface, one cut into inner and outer zones linked to two generator terminals
FR2863110A1 (en) ANTENNA IN MULTI-BAND NETWORK WITH DOUBLE POLARIZATION
EP1181744B1 (en) Vertical polarisation antenna
WO2003061062A1 (en) Device for receiving and/or emitting electromagnetic waves with radiation diversity
EP1516393B1 (en) Double polarization dual-band radiating device
EP1876673B1 (en) Directional antenna for transmitting and/or receiving audio/video signals
EP2543111B1 (en) Antenna structure with dipoles
EP1523062B1 (en) Omnidirectional antenna for transmitting and receiving audio/video signals
EP3008773B1 (en) Method for radioelectrifying an urban furniture object and object radioelectrified in this way
EP2226896B1 (en) Multiband omnidirectional antenna
EP3902059A1 (en) Directional broadband antenna with longitudinal transmission
EP2449629A1 (en) Omnidirectional, broadband compact antenna system comprising two highly decoupled separate transmission and reception access lines
WO2018073522A1 (en) Antenna device
EP2736118B1 (en) Nested-loop antenna system and vehicle including such an antenna system
EP2733788A1 (en) Single-band omnidirectional antenna
EP0831550A1 (en) Versatile array antenna
FR2966647A1 (en) Large area surface-wave slot antenna for use in e.g. high power emission system to broadcast radiophonic program signals, has slot formed between cavity's peripheral end and cover's edge, where height of slot is less than specific cm
FR2699739A1 (en) Omnidirectional and multipolarization antenna.
FR3043261A1 (en) WIDEBAND OMNIDIRECTIONAL BICONIC ANTENNA, COAXIAL CABLE ANTENNA ASSEMBLY COMPRISING THE SAME AND TRANSMITTER ASSEMBLY THEREFOR
EP0779674A1 (en) Vehicle antenna directive in azimuth for tranmitting and/or receiving and corresponding diversity assembly of antennas
EP3092680A1 (en) Planar antenna

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA HR MK YU

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20071227

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20080214

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 602006002819

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20081030

Kind code of ref document: P

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: TROESCH SCHEIDEGGER WERNER AG

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

NLV1 Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FD4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081228

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081217

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090117

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090217

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20090618

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081217

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20081218

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20100630

Year of fee payment: 5

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: GLN S.A.

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: AEN

Free format text: LE BREVET A ETE REACTIVE SELON LA DEMANDE DE POURSUITE DE LA PROCEDURE DU 31.03.2011.

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20110331

Year of fee payment: 5

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090318

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 20110627

Year of fee payment: 6

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20080917

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20110707

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110731

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110707

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20120919

Year of fee payment: 7

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 602006002819

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20140201

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20140201

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 10

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20130707

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20150730

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20150730

Year of fee payment: 10

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160801

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20170331